WO2022160265A1 - 通信方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

通信方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160265A1
WO2022160265A1 PCT/CN2021/074451 CN2021074451W WO2022160265A1 WO 2022160265 A1 WO2022160265 A1 WO 2022160265A1 CN 2021074451 W CN2021074451 W CN 2021074451W WO 2022160265 A1 WO2022160265 A1 WO 2022160265A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indication information
access
message
tag
reader
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074451
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晨琬
吴毅凌
冯玺宝
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21921870.8A priority Critical patent/EP4284109A4/en
Priority to CN202180091580.8A priority patent/CN116830766A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074451 priority patent/WO2022160265A1/zh
Publication of WO2022160265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160265A1/zh
Priority to US18/360,798 priority patent/US20230367982A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.
    • G06K7/10029—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the time domain, e.g. using binary tree search or RFID responses allocated to a random time slot
    • G06K7/10059—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the time domain, e.g. using binary tree search or RFID responses allocated to a random time slot transponder driven
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication, and more particularly, to a communication method and a communication device.
  • RFID Radio frequency identification
  • RFID Passive radio frequency identification
  • the present application provides a communication method and a communication device, which can improve the system efficiency and reduce the missed reading rate.
  • a communication method which can be applied to a first device, and can also be applied to a component (such as a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc.) in the first device, including: the first device determining the first indication information, The first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required; the first device sends the first indication information.
  • a component such as a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required, and it can also be understood that the first indication information indicates that at least one second device needs to be accessed when access is required Actively access the first device.
  • the first device is a reader/writer
  • at least one second device is at least one label device
  • the third device is a first label device.
  • the first device in this application may be a reader/writer, that is, a handheld or fixed device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, or it can also be understood as a device that communicates with tags, and can be in the form of a terminal , may also be a base station, or a device with a read-write function, and the specific name and specific form of the first device in this application are not limited.
  • the second device and the third device in this application can be label devices, or can be understood as devices that communicate with reading and writing devices, and can be in the form of terminals.
  • the specific names of the second device and the third device in this application and The specific form is not limited.
  • the reader/writer sends the first indication information to the surrounding tag devices to ask whether the surrounding tag devices have access requirements, which can provide access opportunities for the tag devices that have access requirements, thereby improving the system. efficiency and reduce missed reads.
  • the first device before the first device determines the first indication information, the first device receives a first message from a third device in the at least one second device, the first message for instructing the third device to request access; and determining the first indication information by the first device includes: the first device determining the first indication information according to the second message.
  • the third device when the third device needs to access, or when there is a reporting requirement, the third device can actively trigger the reporting, which can provide access for at least one second device that has a reporting requirement. opportunities to improve system efficiency and reduce missed reads.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the first device receives the first message on a preconfigured resource.
  • the at least one second device with access requirements sends the first message to the preconfigured resources of the first device, on the one hand, the active reporting of the at least one second device with access requirements is realized;
  • Other non-active reporting devices reduce interference or collisions.
  • the first device receives a second message from the third device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the tag device that needs to be connected will send the reason value to the reader, so that the application layer can take corresponding measures, thereby improving the system efficiency.
  • the first device sends second indication information, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the first device sends third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to report the reason for needing access.
  • the first device sends fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that after the at least one second device that needs to be accessed fails to access, it will connect again. into the first device.
  • multiple second devices that need to be accessed at the same time access the first device, and a collision will occur.
  • the first device will initiate a reporting process again, indicating that a collision occurs, and there is a need for access.
  • the second device is accessed here, which can provide an access opportunity for at least one second device that needs to report, thereby improving system efficiency and reducing the missed reading rate.
  • the reasons for needing access include at least one of an alarm, an abnormality report, a sensor data report, and an update information.
  • a communication method which can be applied to a third device, and can also be applied to a component (such as a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc.) in the third device, including: the third device receives from the first device first indication information, the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required, and the third device is a device in the at least one second device; In the case of access, the third device accesses the first device.
  • a component such as a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc.
  • the first device is a reader/writer
  • at least one second device is at least one label device
  • the third device is a first label device.
  • the third device before the third device receives the first indication information from the first device, the third device sends a first message to the first device, where the first message is used to indicate The third device needs to access; wherein, the first indication information is determined according to the first message.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the third device sends the first message to the preconfigured resource of the first device.
  • the third device sends fifth indication information to the fourth device, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate the timing for the third device to send the first message, and the fourth The device is a device other than the third device among the at least one second device.
  • the fourth device is a second label device.
  • the first tag device sends indication information to the second tag device around it, which is used to indicate the timing of its access.
  • Labeling equipment reduces interference or collisions.
  • the third device sends a second message to the first device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the third device receives second indication information from the first device, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the third device receives third indication information from the first device, where the third indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to report the reason for needing access.
  • the third device receives fourth indication information from the first device, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that at least one second device that needs to be accessed fails to access After that, access the first device again.
  • the third device when the third device does not receive a response to the first message, the third device sends the first message or the third message, where the third message is used to request Access the first device.
  • the reason for needing access includes at least one of alarm, abnormal reporting, sensor data reporting, and updating information.
  • a communication apparatus including: a processing unit configured to determine first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required equipment; a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information.
  • the communication apparatus may be the first device.
  • the communication device may be a component (eg, a chip or an integrated circuit) installed in the first device.
  • the first device is a reader/writer
  • at least one second device is at least one label device
  • the third device is a first label device.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a first message from a third device in the at least one second device, where the first message is used to instruct the third device to request a connection Enter; wherein, the processing unit determines the first indication information according to the second message.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the receiving unit may specifically receive the first message on a preconfigured resource.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a second message from the third device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send second indication information, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to report the reason for needing access.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that after the at least one second device that needs to be accessed fails to access, Access the first device again.
  • the reasons for entering include at least one of an alarm, an abnormality report, a sensor data report, and an update information.
  • a communication apparatus comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive first indication information from a first device, where the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to receive a The first device is connected to the third device, and the third device is a device in at least one second device; the processing unit is configured to determine that the first device needs to be connected, and the third device is connected to the first device.
  • the communication apparatus may be a third device.
  • the communication device may be a component (eg, a chip or an integrated circuit) installed in the third device.
  • the first device is a reader/writer
  • at least one second device is at least one label device
  • the third device is a first label device.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send a first message to the first device, where the first message is used to indicate that the third device needs to access; wherein, the first message The indication information is determined according to the first message.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send the first message to the preconfigured resource of the first device.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send fifth indication information to the fourth device, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to send the first message, the The fourth device is a device other than the third device among the at least one tag device.
  • the sending unit is further configured to send a second message to the first device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive second indication information from the first device, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive third indication information from the first device, where the third indication information is used to instruct the third device to report the reason for the need to access opportunity.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the first device, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that at least one second device that needs to access is connected to After the login fails, access the first device again.
  • the sending unit when the third device does not receive a response to the first message, is further configured to send the first message or the third message, and the third message is used for Request access to the first device.
  • the reasons for needing to access include at least one of an alarm, abnormal reporting, sensor data reporting, and updating information.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising at least one processor, at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and at least one processor for calling from at least one memory And run the computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementations thereof.
  • the communication apparatus may be the first device.
  • the communication device may be a component (eg, a chip or an integrated circuit) installed in the first device.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising at least one processor, at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, at least one memory for storing computer programs or instructions, and at least one processor for calling from at least one memory And running the computer program or instructions causes the communication device to perform the method of the second aspect or any possible implementations thereof.
  • the communication apparatus may be a third device.
  • the communication device may be a component (eg, a chip or an integrated circuit) installed in the third device.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof is realized.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a chip
  • the input circuit may be an input pin
  • the output circuit may be an output pin
  • the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit that acts as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof is realized.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a chip
  • the input circuit may be an input pin
  • the output circuit may be an output pin
  • the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit that acts as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. method is executed.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the second aspect or any possible implementation manner thereof is implemented. method is executed.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer program code, as in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner thereof, is provided. method is executed.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer program code, as in the second aspect or any possible implementations thereof, is provided. method is executed.
  • the present application provides a chip, comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is used for receiving a signal and transmitting the signal to the processor, and the processor processes the signal to A method as in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof is caused to be performed.
  • the present application provides a chip, including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being used to receive a signal and transmit the signal to the processor, and the processor processes the signal to A method as in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof is caused to be performed.
  • the present application provides a communication system, including the communication device described in the fifth aspect and the communication device described in the sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the architecture of a system 100 to which this embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for tag access proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another method for tag access proposed in this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for tag access proposed in this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 500 provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 600 provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 700 provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 800 provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the architecture of a system 100 to which the embodiments of the present application are applied.
  • the system 100 includes a reader/writer 110 and a passive RFID tag 120, wherein the reader/writer 110 and the passive RFID tag 120 can communicate through a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) signal.
  • the reader/writer 110 may transmit an interrogation RF signal, and the passive RFID tag 120 located near the reader/writer 110 may detect the interrogation RF signal sent by the reader/writer 110, and return a response RF signal to the reader/writer 110, wherein,
  • the reply RF signal may carry information about the passive RFID tag 120 itself.
  • the reader/writer 110 can detect and parse the reply RF signal.
  • one reader 110 and one passive RFID tag 120 are shown by way of example, one reader 110 may communicate with multiple RFID tags 120, and the system 100 may include multiple The reader/writer 110 is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the system 100 shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex) , TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system or new wireless access access technology (new radio access technology, NR).
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G mobile communication system may include a non-standalone (NSA, NSA) and/or an independent network (standalone, SA).
  • the reader/writer 110 in FIG. 1 is a handheld or fixed device that reads (and sometimes can also write) tag information, and can also be understood to be a device that communicates with tags. It can be a terminal device, a network device, or a device with read and write functions.
  • the passive RFID tag 120 in FIG. 1 can also be a passive IoT device, and therefore, the passive RFID tag 120 can also be a terminal device.
  • Terminal equipment may be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • UE user equipment
  • access terminal subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device may be a device that provides voice/data connectivity to the user, such as a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • some examples of terminals can be: mobile phone (mobile phone), tablet computer (pad), computer with wireless transceiver function (such as notebook computer, palmtop computer, etc.), mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) equipment, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), wireless terminals in unmanned driving (self driving), wireless terminals in remote medical (remote medical) Terminal, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, cellular phone, cordless Telephone, session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device, computing device or connection with wireless communication capabilities
  • wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices, which is a general term for the intelligent design of daily wear and the development of wearable devices using wearable technology, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.
  • Wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-scale, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, which needs to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones. Use, such as all kinds of smart bracelets, smart jewelry, etc. for physical sign monitoring.
  • the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an internet of things (Internet of things, IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of things
  • IoT is an important part of the development of information technology in the future. Its main technical feature is to connect items to the network through communication technology, so as to realize the intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and interconnection of things.
  • IoT technology can achieve massive connections, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through, for example, narrow band (NB) technology.
  • NB narrow band
  • terminal equipment can also include sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, and gas stations.
  • the main functions include collecting data (part of terminal equipment), receiving control information and downlink data of network equipment, and sending electromagnetic waves to transmit uplink data to network equipment. .
  • the network device may be any device with a wireless transceiver function.
  • the device includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC) , base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) system Access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and reception point (TRP), etc.
  • evolved Node B evolved Node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • It can also be 5G, such as NR , a gNB in the system, or, a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or, it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point, Such as baseband unit (BBU), or distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) and so on.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB.
  • CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer function.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, and physical (PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC medium access control
  • PHY physical layer.
  • AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing and related functions of active antennas.
  • the higher-layer signaling such as the RRC layer signaling
  • the network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network devices in an access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into network devices in a core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this application.
  • the network equipment provides services for the cell, and the terminal equipment communicates with the cell through transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) allocated by the network equipment, and the cell may belong to a macro base station (for example, a macro eNB or a macro gNB, etc.) , can also belong to the base station corresponding to the small cell, where the small cell can include: urban cell (metro cell), micro cell (micro cell), pico cell (pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc. , these small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.
  • a macro base station for example, a macro eNB or a macro gNB, etc.
  • the small cell can include: urban cell (metro cell), micro cell (micro cell), pico cell (pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc.
  • these small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission
  • Query query
  • QueryRep repeat query
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the tag If the tag does not receive a valid ACK or receives an ACK with an incorrect RN16 in the ACK, the tag enters the arbitration (arbitrate) state and after decrementing the counter to 0000h, it should roll over and start counting from 7FFFh.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for tag access, which not only realizes active access of tags, but also achieves high system efficiency and low missed reading rate.
  • "for indicating” may include direct indicating and indirect indicating.
  • the indication information may directly indicate I or indirectly indicate I, but it does not mean that the indication information must carry I.
  • the information indicated by the indication information is called the information to be indicated.
  • the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the information to be indicated. Indicating the index of information, etc.
  • the information to be indicated may also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance.
  • the indication of specific information can also be implemented by means of a pre-agreed (for example, a protocol stipulated) arrangement order of various information, so as to reduce the indication overhead to a certain extent.
  • a pre-agreed for example, a protocol stipulated
  • the common part of each piece of information can also be identified and indicated uniformly, so as to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.
  • the specific indication manner may also be various existing indication manners, such as, but not limited to, the above indication manner and various combinations thereof.
  • various indication modes reference may be made to the prior art, and details are not described herein again. It can be seen from the above that, for example, when multiple pieces of information of the same type need to be indicated, different information may be indicated in different manners.
  • a desired indication manner may be selected according to specific needs, and the selected indication manner is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the indication manners involved in the embodiments of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be instructed to learn the information to be instructed.
  • the information to be indicated may be sent together as a whole, or may be divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the transmission periods and/or transmission timings of these sub-information may be the same or different.
  • the specific sending method is not limited in this application.
  • the sending period and/or sending timing of these sub-information may be predefined, for example, predefined according to a protocol, or configured by the transmitting end device by sending configuration information to the receiving end device.
  • predefinition can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices), This application does not limit its specific implementation.
  • the "protocols" involved in the embodiments of this application may refer to standard protocols in the communication field, such as LTE protocols, NR protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems, which are not limited in this application.
  • At least one means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
  • And/or which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one (a) of a, b and c can represent: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a , b and c.
  • a, b and c can be single or multiple respectively.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method 200 for tag access provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the method 200 may include steps 210 to 260 . Each step in the method 200 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the first device determines first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required.
  • the first device sends the first indication information.
  • the first device is a reader/writer
  • at least one second device is at least one label device
  • the third device is a first label device as an example for illustrative description.
  • the reader/writer determines the first indication information, where the first indication information may be obtained from other network devices, for example, obtained from a server or a core network.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct at least one tag device to access the reader when it needs to be accessed, and then the reader sends the first indication information.
  • the reader needs to determine and ask whether the surrounding tag devices need to be accessed.
  • the need for access of the tags in this embodiment of the application can also be understood as the need for the tag devices to report. That is to say, the implementation of this application In the example, the tag device needs to be connected to the reader, which refers to the tag device that has reporting requirements and meets the trigger requirements of the reader.
  • the above reporting requirement may be that the tag device has an abnormal message, and messages such as an error message or a notification message need to be reported to the reader, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication information sent by the reader/writer is sent to all tag devices located within the magnetic field of the reader/writer, and more specifically, the first indication information may be sent to all tag devices in the form of broadcasting.
  • the first indication information may be a 1-bit indication, or may be a multi-bit indication, for example, indicated by a mask or the like, which is not limited too much in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication information may include a first access reason or a first characteristic or a first access type, etc., which are respectively used to indicate a label having the first access reason or the first characteristic or the first access type.
  • Access that is, access by tags that meet these conditions, is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication information may be carried in select signaling, may also be carried in Query signaling, and may also be carried in other signaling, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the reader sends a select command to select a group of tag devices, and then sends Query signaling with the indication information.
  • the first indication information indicates that in this group of tag devices, if there is a tag device that needs to be accessed, the reader can be accessed first.
  • the reader does not need to send select signaling and query signaling, that is, the tag that needs to be accessed
  • the tag device that needs to be accessed directly enters step S230.
  • step S230 the third device sends a fourth message to the first device, where the fourth message is used for the first tag device to access the reader/writer.
  • the first tag device (third device) that needs to be accessed receives the first indication information from the reader (first device), it can send a fourth message to the reader, the fourth The message can be used for the first tag device to access the reader. It can also be understood that when the first tag device needs to be accessed, after it receives the first instruction information used by the reader to inquire, it will send a fourth message to the reader, and the fourth message uses In order to inform the reader that the first tag device needs to be accessed, the information in the fourth message is to let the reader know that the first tag device needs to be accessed.
  • the reason why the first label device needs to be connected may be an event-triggered report, such as high temperature, low humidity, etc., or at least one of an alarm, an abnormal report, a sensor data report, and an update information, etc. , the specific reasons for the need to access are not limited here.
  • the fourth message may contain the tag identification and data to be transmitted by the tag, such as sensor data.
  • the fourth message may include tag identification information and an access reason.
  • the information in the fourth message may be random numbers, such as RN16, RN5, etc., and may be identification information of the label device, such as electronic product code (electronic product code, EPC), tag identifier (tag identifier, TID) or Other identification information, etc., may be a cause value, or a random number, identification information of a label device, a cause value, a sign-in code, or any combination of two or more combinations of the access sequence, which is not done in this embodiment of the present application. any restrictions.
  • first tag device accesses the reader, for example, including but not limited to, continuing to use the method based on the Q value, or the reader sends a message carrying the default bound Q value to the tag device, or can also It is that the first tag device accesses the reader immediately after receiving the first indication information sent by the reader. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific manner of access.
  • the reader/writer When the reader/writer sends a message carrying the default bound Q value to the tag device, its implementation can be as follows. For example, if the bound Q value is 2, there will be 4 time slots available for the first tag device to select among them. A time slot to access the reader.
  • the first device sends a response message.
  • the reader/writer after the reader/writer receives the fourth message from the first tag device, it will send a response message for responding to the access of the first tag device. It should be understood that at this time, the reader also sends the response information to all the tag devices around it, but the response information will carry the message sent by the first tag device to the reader. For example, the first tag device selects a The 16-bit random number is used as a temporary identity document (ID), and the 16-bit random number will be carried in the fourth message sent to the reader, and as a confirmation of the feedback from the first label device, the The reader will also carry the random number in the response message sent. It should be noted that the response message is also sent to all surrounding tag devices, and the surrounding tag devices will confirm whether the random number is their own temporary ID after receiving the response message.
  • ID temporary identity document
  • the response message may be an ACK message.
  • the third device sends the second message to the first device.
  • the first tag device may also send a second message to the reader, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the first tag device needs to access.
  • the reason why the first tag device needs to be accessed can also be reported to the reader, so that the application layer can take corresponding measures for the reason.
  • the reason for needing access may be abnormal reporting, event-triggered reporting, periodic reporting, etc.
  • the first label device may report for reasons such as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc., or it may be an alarm, sensor, etc. Data reporting, updating information, etc.
  • there may be one reason for the access or the reason for reporting or there may be multiple reasons for the above-mentioned reasons. For the convenience of understanding, the reason is called a cause The embodiment does not limit this too much.
  • the second message can be the same message as the fourth message, that is, the content of the second message and the fourth message is the same, and the fourth message can be sent to the reader before the second message; Sent after the first tag device receives the response message, but if it is sent after receiving the response message, the fourth message does not carry the cause value, that is, when the fourth message does not carry the cause value , the first tag device needs to send another message carrying the cause value to the reader.
  • identification information will be carried in the fourth message, wherein the identification information may be a temporary identification, the real identification of the labeling device, or other identifications that can represent the labeling device.
  • This application does not Too many restrictions. But when the fourth message does not carry the real ID of the tag, for example, the fourth message does not carry the EPC ID, after the first tag device receives the response information, it will send its own EPC ID or other identification to the reader Information such as user permanent identifier (subscription permanent identifier, SUPI), user hidden identifier (Subscription Concealed Identifier, SUCI).
  • the fourth message only carries the temporary ID, not the real ID, nor the reason value
  • the real ID and the reason value can be sent to the reader together, that is, in the second message Can carry reason value and real ID.
  • it may not be sent to the reader/writer at the same time, which is not limited too much in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a method based on dynamic slot ALOHA can be applied.
  • the fourth message may also contain part of the label or all of the identifier for using the binary search tree access scheme.
  • the reader/writer will also send second indication information to the tag device, where the second indication information is used to indicate the reason for reporting the need for access.
  • the reader/writer will also send third indication information to the tag device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the timing of reporting the reason for needing access.
  • the reader/writer when the reader/writer sends the first indication information to the tag device, that is, when the reader/writer interrogates the surrounding tag equipment whether there is a need for active reporting or access, the reader/writer may send the second indication information at the same time, or it may Send the third indication information at the same time, or send the second indication information and the third indication information at the same time.
  • the reader may also carry the second indication information, or carry the third indication information, or carry both the second indication information and the third indication information when sending the response message, or, the second indication message may also be combined with the third indication message. for the same instruction message. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this too much.
  • the reader/writer can instruct the first tag device to report the reason why it needs to access, or instruct the first tag device when to report the reason value. That is to say, the first tag device can feed back to the reader the reason why it needs to access, and can also report to the reader after receiving the second indication information and/or the third indication information sent by the reader. Feedback the reason why it needs to be connected.
  • the first device sends fourth indication information.
  • the reader/writer after the reader/writer sends the first indication information to the surrounding tag devices, there may be multiple tag devices that need to be accessed at the same time and send the fourth message to the reader/writer. Collision occurs.
  • the reader/writer will send fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the reader/writer to access the reader again after the access of the tag device that needs to be accessed fails. That is to say, when a collision occurs, the reader/writer sends the fourth indication information to instruct the tag device that has collided to access again.
  • the fourth indication information may be carried in signaling, such as select signaling, Query signaling, QueryAdjust signaling, or other signaling, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the signaling may contain a Q value, or may not contain a Q value, but when it does not contain a Q value, the signaling corresponds to a fixed Q value, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit too much. .
  • the subsequent process may refer to steps S230 to S240, which will not be repeated in this application.
  • the reader/writer sends the first indication information to the surrounding tag devices to inquire whether the surrounding tag devices have access requirements, which can provide access opportunities for the tag devices that have access requirements, thereby improving the system efficiency and reduce the rate of missed reads.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for tag access provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method 300 may include steps 310 to 360 . Each step in the method 300 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the first tag device sends a first message to the reader, where the first message is used to indicate that the first tag device needs to be accessed.
  • the first tag device when the first tag device needs to access, or has an active reporting requirement or capability, the first tag device needs to send a first message to the reader/writer for reporting to the reader/writer that it needs to access.
  • the first message carries a sounding sequence or the first message may be sounding signaling. It should be understood that the need to access the tag in the embodiment of the present application may be a requirement for the tag device to report.
  • the detection sequence may also be identification information of the tag.
  • the above reporting requirement may be that the tag device has an abnormal message, and messages such as an error message or a notification message need to be reported to the reader, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the reader/writer sends first indication information.
  • the reader after receiving the first message from the tag device that needs to be accessed, the reader will forward the first message to other network devices, such as the core network or server, and then obtain the first message from other network devices.
  • Indication information that is to say, the first message sent by the first tag device is first sent to other network devices through the reader, and other network devices will generate the first indication information according to the first message after receiving the first message. and send the first indication information to the reader.
  • the detection sequence is carried in the first indication information.
  • the first indication information includes the entire sequence of the detection sequence, or a partial sequence of the detection sequence, or the processed detection sequence, or the detection sequence can be used as a mask, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that a tag that has an access requirement performs access, and reference may be made to S220 for a specific access method.
  • this embodiment of the present application will not repeat them.
  • the first indication information sent by the reader/writer is sent to all tag devices located within the magnetic field of the reader/writer, and more specifically, the first indication information may be sent to all tag devices in the form of broadcasting.
  • the first indication information may be carried in select signaling, may also be carried in Query signaling, and may also be carried in other signaling, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first tag device sends a fourth message to the reader/writer, where the fourth message is used for the first tag device to access the reader/writer.
  • the reader sends first indication information to all tag devices around it, and the first indication information can carry a detection sequence, and the tag device will further judge the detection in the first indication information after receiving the first indication information.
  • the sequence is not sent by itself.
  • the first tag device receives the first indication information, it can know that the detection sequence in the first indication information is the sequence sent by itself, and the first tag device will send a fourth message to the reader for The first label device is connected to the reader.
  • the fourth message may contain the tag identification and data to be transmitted by the tag, such as sensor data.
  • the fourth message may include tag identification information and an access reason.
  • the fourth message may be a random number, such as RN16, RN5, etc., may be identification information of the label device, such as electronic product code (electronic product code, EPC), tag identification number (TID) or other identification information, etc., may be is a cause value, and can also be any combination of two or more of random numbers, identification information of a tag device, a cause value, a sign-in code, and an access sequence, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • EPC electronic product code
  • TID tag identification number
  • first tag device accesses the reader, for example, including but not limited to, continuing to use the method based on the Q value, or the reader sends a message carrying the default bound Q value to the tag device, or can also It is that the first tag device accesses the reader immediately after receiving the first indication information sent by the reader. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific manner of access.
  • the reader/writer When the reader/writer sends a message carrying the default bound Q value to the tag device, its implementation can be as follows. For example, if the bound Q value is 2, there will be 4 time slots available for the first tag device to select among them. a time slot to access the reader.
  • part or all of the identification information or mask information may be included in the fourth message according to the specific method used.
  • the first tag device sends a second message to the reader.
  • the reader/writer sends fourth indication information.
  • the reader can configure the reporting period and the maximum number of times for the tag with the active reporting capability, and the reader can also configure to enable or The function of closing the reporting process is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first label device when the first label device needs to access, or when there is a reporting requirement, the first label device can actively trigger the access, which can provide access for labels that have access requirements. opportunities to improve system efficiency and reduce missed reads.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method 400 for tag access provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the method 400 may include steps 410 to 450 . Each step in the method 400 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the first tag device sends a first message to the reader/writer, where the first message is used to indicate that the first tag device needs to access.
  • the first tag device when the first tag device needs to access, or has an active reporting requirement or capability, the first tag device needs to send a first message to the reader to report to the reader that it needs to access, Or used to request access to the reader.
  • the first message carries the reason for needing access, where the reason for needing access may be abnormal reporting, event-triggered reporting, periodic reporting, etc., for example, the first tag device
  • the report may be performed due to reasons such as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.
  • the reason is referred to as a cause value (cause).
  • the fact that the label device in the embodiment of the present application needs to be accessed can also be understood as the label device needs to report.
  • the reporting requirement may be that the tag device has an abnormal message, and messages such as an error message or a notification message need to be reported to the reader, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • S420 The reader/writer sends first indication information, where the first indication information carries the cause value.
  • the reader/writer after receiving the first message, the reader/writer will generate the first indication information according to the first message, and send the first indication information.
  • the first indication information includes the reason value.
  • the first indication information may directly include a cause value, or may be a function of the first indication information or the information carried by the first indication information may directly or indirectly indicate/identify that access needs to be performed.
  • the first indication information can indicate that the first tag device needs to be accessed, it belongs to the protection scope of this embodiment of the present application, and is not limited here.
  • the first indication information sent by the reader/writer is sent to all tag devices located within the magnetic field of the reader/writer, and more specifically, the first indication information may be sent to all tag devices in the form of broadcasting.
  • the first indication information may be carried in select signaling, may also be carried in Query signaling, and may also be carried in other signaling, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first tag device sends a fourth message to the reader/writer, where the fourth message is used for the first tag device to access the reader/writer.
  • the reader sends first indication information to all tag devices around it, and the first indication information can carry a reason value, and the tag device will further determine the reason in the first indication information after receiving the first indication information The value is not sent by itself. Or, when the first label device receives the first indication information, it can know that the reason value in the first indication information is sent by itself, and the first label device will send a fourth message to the reader to indicate The first tag device has been connected to the reader.
  • the fourth message may contain the tag identification and data to be transmitted by the tag, such as sensor data.
  • the fourth message may include tag identification information and an access reason.
  • the fourth message may be a random number, such as RN16, RN5, etc., and may be identification information of the label device, such as electronic product code (electronic product code, EPC), tag identification number (TID) or other identification information, etc., and also It may be a combination of random number and tag identification information, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • EPC electronic product code
  • TID tag identification number
  • first tag device accesses the reader, for example, including but not limited to, continuing to use the method based on the Q value, or the reader sends a message carrying the default bound Q value to the tag device, or can also It is that the first tag device accesses the reader immediately after receiving the first indication information sent by the reader. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific manner of access.
  • the implementation can be as follows. For example, if the bound Q value is 2, there will be 4 time slots available for the first tag device to select among them. a time slot to access the reader.
  • part or all of the identification information or mask information may be included in the fourth message according to the specific method used.
  • step 240 the reader/writer sends a response message.
  • step 240 the reader/writer sends a response message.
  • the first tag device needs to read and write to the The server sends its real ID, such as the EPC ID.
  • the first message in step 410 is used to indicate the reason why the first tag device needs to access, so in this embodiment of the present application, the second indication information and the third indication information are not sent again.
  • step 260 the reader/writer sends fourth indication information.
  • step 260 the reader/writer sends fourth indication information.
  • the reader can configure the reporting period and the maximum number of times for the tag with the active reporting capability, and the reader can also configure to enable or The function of closing the reporting process is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first label device when the first label device needs to access, or when there is a reporting requirement, the first label device can actively trigger the access, which can provide access for labels that have reporting requirements. opportunities to improve system efficiency and reduce missed reads.
  • the preconfigured resources may be time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain resources, etc.
  • the reader/writer may reserve one or more time slots periodically, or for frequency domain resources, the reader/writer may reserve one or more time slots.
  • a certain frequency band is reserved for the access of the tag device.
  • the reader can send the reserved resource configuration to the tag. After the tag receives it, it will report it when there is an active reporting requirement. This embodiment of the present application does not limit too much.
  • the preconfigured resources in the reader may be the default, may be configured by the reader, or may be obtained by the reader from the tag server or the core network, and this embodiment of the present application does not go too far. limit.
  • the tag device sends the first message to the preconfigured resource of the reader, which on the one hand realizes the active reporting of the tag device, and on the other hand reduces interference or collision for other non-active reporting tag devices.
  • the second tag device is a device other than the first tag device among the tags around the reader and may have access requirements.
  • the first tag device when the first tag device detects that there is an idle time slot in the reader, and it can send the first message in the idle time slot, the first tag device will send a message to the surrounding tag devices (the second tag device) device) to send the fifth indication information to indicate that the first tag device will send the first message in the idle time slot. try to access after a slot or multiple slots. In other words, after receiving the fifth indication information, the second tag device will suspend access to the reader/writer.
  • the first tag device sends indication information to the surrounding tag devices to indicate the timing of its access. On the one hand, it realizes the active reporting of the tag device, and on the other hand, it reduces interference to other tag devices or collision.
  • first tag device sending the first message to the preconfigured resource of the reader and the first tag device sending the fifth indication information to other tag devices may be implemented in the same embodiment, or may not be implemented in the same embodiment.
  • Example implementation, this embodiment of the present application is not limited too much.
  • the first tag device can access the reader again, that is, send the first message to the reader or a third message, the first message is used to indicate that there is a need for active reporting, and the third message is used to request access to the reader. It may also be that, after sending the third message, the first tag device does not receive a response message from the reader, that is, an ACK message, and it will also send the third message to the reader again.
  • the third message may be the same as the above-mentioned first message or second message, that is, carry the same information, for example, carry the same cause value or the same detection sequence, or it may carry a different message, which is not the case in this embodiment of the present application. Too limited.
  • the first tag device when it does not receive a response message from the reader, it can re-access according to a certain period, and the period can be default or pre-configured; or access based on time slot ALOHA , specifically, the first tag device generates a random number, for example, the access method based on the Q value is used, for example, the first tag device generates a random number k, where 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 2 Q -1, received is used to decrement the counter
  • the Q value may be the default value, or may be the last used value or the last time obtained from the reader/writer, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the process of the above embodiment may be performed, and specifically refer to the process after the first label device sends the first message or the third message.
  • FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4 are for helping those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obviously make various equivalent modifications or changes according to the examples of FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , and such modifications or changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 500 provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 5 , the communication apparatus 500 includes a processing unit 510 , a sending unit 520 and a receiving unit 530 .
  • the device 500 may correspond to the reader/writer in the above method embodiment.
  • the reader in this application that is, a handheld or fixed device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information
  • the apparatus 500 may correspond to the reader/writer in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus may include a method for executing the method 200 in FIG. 2 or the method 300 in FIG. 3 or Elements of method 400 in FIG. 4 .
  • each unit in the apparatus 500 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively for implementing the method 200 in FIG. 2 or the method 300 in FIG. 3 or the method 400 in FIG. 4 .
  • the processing unit 510 is configured to determine first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required; the sending unit 520 is configured to send the first device Instructions.
  • the receiving unit 530 is further configured to receive a first message from a third device in the at least one tag device, where the first message is used to instruct the third device to request access; wherein the processing unit 510 Determine first indication information according to the first message.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the receiving unit 530 may specifically receive the first message on a preconfigured resource.
  • the receiving unit 530 is further configured to receive a second message from the third device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the sending unit 520 is further configured to send second indication information, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the sending unit 520 is further configured to send third indication information, where the third indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to report the reason for needing access.
  • the sending unit 520 is further configured to send fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that at least one second device that needs to be accessed fails to access the device again. first device.
  • the reasons for needing access include at least one of an alarm, an abnormality report, a sensor data report, and an update information.
  • the sending unit 520 and the receiving unit 530 may also be integrated into a transceiver unit, which has the functions of receiving and sending at the same time, which is not limited here.
  • the sending unit 520 may be a transmitter, and the receiving unit 5300 may be a receiver.
  • the receiver and transmitter can also be integrated into a transceiver.
  • the processing unit 510 may be a processing device.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may be a chip or an integrated circuit installed in the first device.
  • the sending unit 520 and the receiving unit 530 may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the sending unit 520 is an output interface or an output circuit
  • the receiving unit 530 is an input interface or an input circuit
  • the processing unit 510 may be a processing device.
  • the processing device may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the processing apparatus may include a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor reads and executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication apparatus 500 performs the operations performed by the reader/writer in each method embodiment and/or processing.
  • the processing means may comprise only a processor, the memory for storing the computer program being located outside the processing means.
  • the processor is connected to the memory through circuits/wires to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory.
  • the processing device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 600 provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 6 , the communication apparatus 600 includes a receiving unit 610 , a processing unit 620 and a sending unit 630 .
  • the apparatus 600 may correspond to the third device in the above method embodiment.
  • the third device in this application can also be understood as a device that communicates with a reading and writing device, and may be in the form of a terminal, and its specific name and specific form are not limited.
  • the apparatus 600 may correspond to the third apparatus in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus may include a method for performing the method 200 in FIG. 2 or the method 300 in FIG. 3 or Elements of method 400 in FIG. 4 .
  • each unit in the apparatus 600 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively for implementing the method 200 in FIG. 2 or the method 300 in FIG. 3 or the method 400 in FIG. 4 .
  • the receiving unit 610 is configured to receive first indication information from the first device, where the first indication information is used to instruct at least one second device to access the first device when access is required, and the third device is A device in the at least one second device; the processing unit 620 is configured to determine that access is required, and the third device accesses the first device.
  • the sending unit 630 is further configured to send a first message to the first device, where the first message is used to indicate that the third device needs to access; wherein the first indication information is based on the first message A message is confirmed.
  • the first message includes a reason why the third device needs to access and/or a probe sequence of the third device.
  • the sending unit 630 is specifically configured to send the first message to the preconfigured resource of the first device.
  • the sending unit 630 is further configured to send a second message to the first device, where the second message is used to indicate the reason why the third device needs to access.
  • the receiving unit 610 is further configured to receive second indication information from the first device, where the second indication information is used to request the third device to report the reason for requiring access.
  • the receiving unit 610 is further configured to receive third indication information from the first device, where the third indication information is used to indicate an opportunity for the third device to report the reason for needing access.
  • the receiving unit 610 is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the first device, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate that after the at least one second device that needs to be accessed fails to access, the device will restart the device again. Access the first device.
  • the sending unit 630 is further configured to send fifth indication information to the fourth device, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate the timing for the third device to send the first message, and the fourth device is at least A device other than the third device in a second device.
  • the sending unit 630 is further configured to send a first message or a third message, where the third message is used to request access to the first message. a device.
  • the reasons for needing access include at least one of alarm, abnormal reporting, sensing data reporting, and updating information.
  • the receiving unit 610 and the sending unit 630 may also be integrated into a transceiver unit, which has the functions of receiving and sending at the same time, which is not limited here.
  • the communication apparatus 600 may be the third device in the method embodiment.
  • the sending unit 630 may be a transmitter
  • the receiving unit 610 may be a receiver.
  • the receiver and transmitter can also be integrated into a transceiver.
  • the processing unit 620 may be a processing device.
  • the communication apparatus 600 may be a chip or an integrated circuit installed in the third device.
  • the sending unit 630 and the receiving unit 610 may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the sending unit 630 is an output interface or an output circuit
  • the receiving unit 620 is an input interface or an input circuit
  • the processing unit 610 may be a processing device.
  • the processing device may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the processing apparatus may include a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor reads and executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication apparatus 600 performs the execution of the first tag device in each method embodiment. manipulation and/or processing.
  • the processing means may comprise only a processor, the memory for storing the computer program being located outside the processing means.
  • the processor is connected to the memory through circuits/wires to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory.
  • the processing device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 700 provided by the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 700 includes: one or more processors 710 , one or more memories 720 , and one or more communication interfaces 730 .
  • the processor 710 is used to control the communication interface 730 to send and receive signals
  • the memory 720 is used to store a computer program
  • the processor 710 is used to call and run the computer program from the memory 720, so that in each method embodiment of the present application, it is executed by the reader/writer. processes and/or operations to be performed.
  • the processor 710 may have the function of the processing unit 510 shown in FIG. 5
  • the communication interface 730 may have the function of the transmitting unit 520 and/or the receiving unit 530 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the processor 710 may be configured to perform the processing or operation performed by the reader in each method embodiment of the present application
  • the communication interface 730 may be configured to perform the sending and/or operation performed by the reader/writer in each method embodiment of the present application. or the received action.
  • the communication apparatus 700 may be the first device in the method embodiment.
  • the communication interface 730 may be a transceiver.
  • a transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the communication apparatus 700 may be a chip installed in the first device.
  • the communication interface 730 may be an interface circuit or an input/output interface.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 800 provided by the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 800 includes: one or more processors 810 , one or more memories 820 and one or more communication interfaces 830 .
  • the processor 810 is used to control the communication interface 830 to send and receive signals
  • the memory 820 is used to store a computer program
  • the processor 810 is used to call and run the computer program from the memory 820, so that in each method embodiment of the present application, the first tag device Executed processes and/or operations are performed.
  • the processor 810 may have the functions of the processing unit 620 shown in FIG. 6
  • the communication interface 830 may have the functions of the transmitting unit 630 and the receiving unit 610 shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the processor 810 may be configured to perform processing or operations performed internally by the first tag device in each method embodiment of the present application
  • the communication interface 730 may be configured to perform the sending performed by the first label device in each method embodiment of the present application. and/or receiving actions, which are not repeated here.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may be the third device in the method embodiment.
  • the communication interface 830 may be a transceiver.
  • a transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may be a chip installed in the third device.
  • the communication interface 830 may be an interface circuit or an input/output interface.
  • processors and the memory in the foregoing apparatus embodiments may be physically independent units, or the memory may also be integrated with the processor, which is not limited herein.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instructions are executed on the computer, the operations performed by the reader/writer in the method embodiments of the present application are enabled. Operations and/or processes are performed.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instructions are executed on the computer, the operations performed by the first label device in each method embodiment of the present application are made possible. and/or processes are executed.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes computer program codes or instructions.
  • the operations performed by the reader and/or the reader in each method embodiment of the present application are enabled. Process is executed.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes computer program code or instructions, when the computer program code or instructions are run on a computer, the operations performed by the first label device and/or in each method embodiment of the present application are made. or the process is executed.
  • the present application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the memory for storing the computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is used for executing the computer program stored in the memory, so that the operations and/or processing performed by the reader/writer in any one of the method embodiments are performed.
  • the chip may further include a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface or an interface circuit or the like.
  • the chip may further include the memory.
  • the present application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the memory for storing the computer program is provided independently of the chip, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the operations and/or processing performed by the first tag device in any one of the method embodiments are performed.
  • the chip may further include a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface or an interface circuit or the like.
  • the chip may further include the memory.
  • the present application also provides a communication system, including the reader and the first label device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and the computing device may be components.
  • One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution, and a component may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may, for example, be based on a signal having one or more data packets (eg, data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals) Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • data packets eg, data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法和通信装置，该方法包括：第一设备确定第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备；第一设备发送该第一指示信息。由此，读写器可以为需要进行接入的标签设备提供了接入机会，从而可以提高系统效率和降低漏读率。

Description

通信方法和通信装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种通信方法和通信装置。
背景技术
无源射频识别(radio frequency identification，RFID)技术是一种非接触式的自动识别技术，通过射频信号自动识别目标对象并获取相关数据，识别工作无须人工干预，能够工作于各种恶劣环境。其工作原理如下：无源RFID标签进入读写器的磁场之后，可以接收读写器发出的射频信号，并凭借感应电流所获得的能量发送出存储在该RFID标签中的产品信息，读写器读取信息并解码后，送至中央信息系统进行有关数据处理。
目前，在读写器盘存的过程中，是读写器触发的标签接入，也仅满足读写器或者标签服务器要求的标签才可以进行接入，此时可能会存在低的系统效率和高的漏读率。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法和通信装置，可以提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，可以应用于第一设备，也可以应用于第一设备内的部件(例如芯片，芯片系统或处理器等)包括：第一设备确定第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备；第一设备发送该第一指示信息。
应理解，第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入第一设备，还可以理解为第一指示信息指示至少一个第二设备在需要接入的情况下主动接入第一设备。
可选地，第一设备为读写器，至少一个第二设备为至少一个标签设备，第三设备为第一标签设备。
应理解，本申请中的第一设备可以为读写器，即手持或固定式读取(有时还可以写入)标签信息的设备，也可以理解为是与标签通信的设备，形态可以为终端，也可以是基站，或者是一个具有读写功能的设备，本申请第一设备的具体名称和具体形态不作限定。
应理解，本申请中的第二设备和第三设备可以为标签设备，也可以理解为是与读写设备通信的设备，形态可以为终端，本申请第二设备和第三设备的具体名称和具体形态不作限定。
上述技术方案中，读写器向周围标签设备发送第一指示信息，以询问周围标签设备是否具有进行接入的需求，能够实现为有接入需求的标签设备提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在第一设备确定第一指示信息之前，第一设备从至少一个第二设备中的第三设备接收第一消息，该第一消息用于指示该第三设 备请求接入；以及第一设备确定第一指示信息包括：第一设备根据该第二消息确定该第一指示信息。
上述技术方案中，第三设备在有需要进行接入的情况时，或者有上报需求时，可以由第三设备主动触发实现上报，能够实现为有上报需求的至少一个第二设备提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一消息包括第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或第三设备的探测序列。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一设备在预配置资源上接收第一消息。
上述技术方案中，有接入需求的至少一个第二设备向第一设备的预配置资源发送第一消息，一方面实现了有接入需求的至少一个第二设备的主动上报，另一方面对于其他非主动上报的设备减少干扰或者碰撞。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一设备从第三设备接收第二消息，该第二消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
上述技术方案中，需要进行接入的标签设备会向读写器发送原因值，以便于应用层采取相应的措施，从而提高系统效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一设备发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一设备发送第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入所述第一设备。
上述技术方案中，多个有需要进行接入的第二设备同时接入第一设备会发生碰撞，此时第一设备会再次发起上报流程，指示发生碰撞的，且有需要进行接入需求的第二设备在此接入，能够实现为有上报需求的至少一个第二设备提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报、传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
第二方面，提供了一种通信方法，可以应用于第三设备，也可以应用于第三设备内的部件(例如芯片，芯片系统或处理器等)，包括：第三设备从第一设备接收第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入第一设备，第三设备为至少一个第二设备中的设备；在第三设备需要进行接入的情况下，第三设备接入第一设备。
可选地，第一设备为读写器，至少一个第二设备为至少一个标签设备，第三设备为第一标签设备。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，在第三设备从第一设备接收第一指示信息之前，第三设备向第一设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入；其中，第一指示信息根据第一消息确定。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一消息包括第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或第三设备的探测序列。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备向第一设备的预配置资源发送第一消息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备向第四设备发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示第三设备发送第一消息的时机，该第四设备是至少一个第二设备中除第三设备之外的设备。
可选地，第四设备为第二标签设备。
在本申请实施例中，第一标签设备向其周围的第二标签设备发送指示信息，用于指示其接入的时机，一方面实现了第一标签设备的主动上报，另一方面可以对其他标签设备减少干扰或者碰撞。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备向第一设备发送第二消息，该第二消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备从第一设备接收第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备从第一设备接收第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备从第一设备接收第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入第一设备。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备在没有接收到针对第一消息的响应时，第三设备发送第一消息或第三消息，该第三消息用于请求接入第一设备。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报、传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理单元，用于确定第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备；发送单元，用于发送该第一指示信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第一设备。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为安装在第一设备内的部件(例如：芯片或集成电路)。
可选地，第一设备为读写器，至少一个第二设备为至少一个标签设备，第三设备为第一标签设备。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元还用于从至少一个第二设备中的第三设备接收第一消息，该第一消息用于指示该第三设备请求接入；其中，处理单元根据该第二消息确定第一指示信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一消息包括该第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或该第三设备的探测序列。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元具体可以在预配置资源上接收该第一消息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元还用于从第三设备接收第二消息，该第二消息用于指示该第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于发送第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入所述第一设备。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，需要进行进入的原因包括告警、异常上报、传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：接收单元，用于从第一设备接收第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备，该第三设备为至少一个第二设备中的设备；处理单元用于确定需要进行接入第一设备，该第三设备接入该第一设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第三设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为安装在第三设备内的部件(例如：芯片或集成电路)。
可选地，第一设备为读写器，至少一个第二设备为至少一个标签设备，第三设备为第一标签设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于向第一设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入；其中，该第一指示信息根据该第一消息确定。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，第一消息包括第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或第三设备的探测序列。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元具体用于向第一设备的预配置资源发送该第一消息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于向第四设备发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示第三设备发送第一消息的时机，该第四设备是至少一个标签设备中除第三设备之外的设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，发送单元还用于向第一设备发送第二消息，该第二消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元还用于从第一设备接收第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元还用于从第一设备接收第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，接收单元还用于从第一设备接收第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入第一设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，第三设备在没有接收到针对第一消息的响应时，发送单元还用于发送第一消息或第三消息，第三消息用于请求接入第一设备。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报，传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
第五方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，包括至少一个处理器，至少一个处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，至少一个存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，至少一个处理器用于从至少一个存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序或指令，使得通信设备执行第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第一设备。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为安装在第一设备内的部件(例如：芯片或集成电路)。
第六方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，包括至少一个处理器，至少一个处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，至少一个存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，至少一个处理器用于从至少一个存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序或指令，使得通信设备执行第二方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为第三设备。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该通信装置可以为安装在第三设备内的部件(例如：芯片或集成电路)。
第七方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第八方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该第二方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第九方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得如第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得如第二方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得如第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得如第二方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十三方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于接收信号，并将所述信号传输至所述处理器，所述处理器处理所述信号，以使得如第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十四方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于接收信号，并将所述信号传输至所述处理器，所述处理器处理所述信号，以使得如第二方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法被执行。
第十五方面，本申请提供一种通信系统，包括如第五方面中所述的通信设备和第六方面中所述的通信设备。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的系统100的架构示例。
图2是本申请提出的一种标签接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图3是本申请提出的另一种标签接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图4是本申请提出的另一种标签接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图5为本申请提供的通信装置500的示意性框图。
图6为本申请提供的通信装置600的示意性框图。
图7为本申请提供的通信装置700的示意性结构图。
图8为本申请提供的通信装置800的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
图1示出了本申请实施例应用的系统100的架构实例。该系统100包括读写器110和无源RFID标签120，其中，读写器110和无源RFID标签120之间可以通过射频(Radio Frequency，RF)信号进行通信。读写器110可以发射询问RF信号，位于该读写器110附近的无源RFID标签120可以探测到读写器110发送的询问RF信号，并向该读写器110返回应答RF信号，其中，该应答RF信号可以携带该无源RFID标签120的自身相关信息。读写器110可以探测并解析该应答RF信号。
应理解，与1示例性地示出了一个读写器110和一个无源RFID标签120，在系统100中，一个读写器110可以与多个RFID标签120通信，并且系统100可以包括多个读写器110，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
图1所示的系统100可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统或新无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)。其中，5G移动通信系统可以包括非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)和/或独立组网(standalone，SA)。
本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统等。本申请对此不作限定。
应理解，图1中的读写器110为手持或固定读取(有时还可以写入)标签信息的设备，也可以理解为是与标签通信的设备。其可以为终端设备，也可以为网络设备，或者是具有读写功能的设备。
应理解，图1中的无源RFID标签120也可以为无源的物联网设备，因此，无源RFID标签120也可以是终端设备。
终端设备可以称用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。
终端设备可以是一种向用户提供语音/数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例可以为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑(如笔记本电脑、掌上电脑等)、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。
其中，可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
此外，终端设备还可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端设备。IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。IoT技术可以通过例如窄带(narrow band， NB)技术，做到海量连接，深度覆盖，终端省电。
此外，终端设备还可以包括智能打印机、火车探测器、加油站等传感器，主要功能包括收集数据(部分终端设备)、接收网络设备的控制信息与下行数据，并发送电磁波，向网络设备传输上行数据。
本申请实施例中，网络设备可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission point，TP)或者发送接收点(transmission and reception point，TRP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、介质接入控制(medium access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+AAU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一项或多项的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请对此不做限定。
网络设备为小区提供服务，终端设备通过网络设备分配的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与小区进行通信，该小区可以属于宏基站(例如，宏eNB或宏gNB等)，也可以属于小小区(small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(metro cell)、微小区(micro cell)、微微小区(pico cell)、毫微微小区(femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
目前，读写器获取标签的信息过程一般为：首先，读写器向标签发送选择(select)信令通过选择选定(selected，SL)标签标志位或者选择盘点(inventoried)标志位以及一段掩码来选择一组标签，具体的表示方式可以为指示标签的某一段存储区间，以及标签的起始位置和字符串的长度；然后，读写器发送查询(Query)命令，即Query发起一轮盘点，该命令包含一个设定时隙计数器(slot counter)的Q参数，被选定的标签在(0,2 Q-1)之间随机选择一个数字k，随后读写器发送重复查询(QueryRep)命令，标签执行k＝k-1。但当出现碰撞后或者标签没有收到响应消息时，读写器可能调整Q值，发送调整询问(QueryAdjust)命令，即Q参数可能变为Q＝Q+1或Q＝Q-1或者不变。同样地，标签在 (0,2Q-1)之间随机选择一个数字m，读写器发送QueryRep命令，标签执行m＝m-1，当m＝0时，标签会向读写器发送RN16，如果标签收到读写器有效的确认(acknowledge，ACK)消息，标签则进入了应答(reply)状态。但如果标签没有收到有效的ACK或者收到ACK，但该ACK中带有错误的RN16，标签则进入到仲裁(arbitrate)状态，并将计数器减到0000h之后，它应翻转从7FFFh开始计数。
在上述读写器盘存的过程中，是读写器触发的标签接入，也仅满足读写器或者标签服务器要求的标签才可以进行接入，也就是不能实现标签主动触发接入，无法直接向读写器发送命令，此时可能会存在低的系统效率和高的漏读率，为此。本申请实施例提供了一种标签接入的方法，不仅实现了标签的主动接入，还实现了高的系统效率和低漏读率。
为了更好地理解本申请实施例，在介绍本申请实施例之前，首先作出以下几点说明。
第一，在本申请实施例中，“用于指示”可以包括用于直接指示和用于间接指示。例如，当描述某一指示信息用于指示信息I时，可以包括该指示信息直接指示I或间接指示I，而并不代表该指示信息中一定携带有I。
将指示信息所指示的信息称为待指示信息，则具体实现过程中，对待指示信息进行指示的方式有很多种，例如但不限于，可以直接指示待指示信息，如待指示信息本身或者该待指示信息的索引等。也可以通过指示其他信息来间接指示待指示信息，其中该其他信息与待指示信息之间存在关联关系。还可以仅仅指示待指示信息的一部分，而待指示信息的其他部分则是已知的或者提前约定的。例如，还可以借助预先约定(例如协议规定)的各个信息的排列顺序来实现对特定信息的指示，从而在一定程度上降低指示开销。同时，还可以识别各个信息的通用部分并统一指示，以降低单独指示同样的信息而带来的指示开销。
此外，具体的指示方式还可以是现有各种指示方式，例如但不限于，上述指示方式及其各种组合等。各种指示方式的具体细节可以参考现有技术，本文不再赘述。由上文所述可知，举例来说，当需要指示相同类型的多个信息时，可能会出现不同信息的指示方式不相同的情形。具体实现过程中，可以根据具体的需要选择所需的指示方式，本申请实施例对选择的指示方式不做限定。如此一来，本申请实施例涉及的指示方式应理解为涵盖可以使得待指示方获知待指示信息的各种方法。
待指示信息可以作为一个整体一起发送，也可以分成多个子信息分开发送，而且这些子信息的发送周期和/或发送时机可以相同，也可以不同。具体发送方法本申请不进行限定。其中，这些子信息的发送周期和/或发送时机可以是预先定义的，例如根据协议预先定义的，也可以是发射端设备通过向接收端设备发送配置信息来配置的。
第二，在下文示出的实施例中第一、第二以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的指示信息等。
第三，在下文示出的实施例中，“预定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括终端设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
第四，本申请实施例中涉及的“协议”可以是指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括LTE协议、NR协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
第五，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”， 描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a、b和c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，或，b，或，c，或，a和b，或，a和c，或，b和c，或，a、b和c。其中a、b和c分别可以是单个，也可以是多个。
下面将结合附图详细说明本申请实施例提供的方法。
图2是本申请实施例提供的标签接入的方法200的示意性流程图。如图2所示，该方法200可以包括步骤210至步骤260。下面将结合附图详细说明方法200中的各个步骤。
S210，第一设备确定第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入第一设备。
S220，第一设备发送第一指示信息。
应理解，下文中以第一设备为读写器，至少一个第二设备为至少一个标签设备，第三设备为第一标签设备为例进行示例性说明。
示例性地，读写器确定第一指示信息，其中第一指示信息可以是从其他网络设备中获取的，例如，从服务器或核心网获得的。该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个标签设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入读写器，然后，读写器发送该第一指示信息。换言之，读写器需要确定询问其周围的标签设备是否需要进行接入，应理解，本申请实施例的标签需要进行接入也可以理解为标签设备有上报的需求，也就是说，本申请实施例中的标签设备在需要进行接入读写器指的是具有上报需求且符合读写器触发要求的标签设备。
应理解，上述的上报的需求可以为标签设备有异常消息，报错消息或者通知消息等消息需要向读写器上报，本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
应理解，上述读写器发送第一指示信息是向位于读写器磁场范围内的所有标签设备发送，更具体而言，可以是以广播的形式向所有标签设备发送第一指示信息。
可选地，第一指示信息可以为1比特指示，也可以为多比特指示，例如通过掩码等方式来指示，对此本申请实施例不做过多的限定。
可选地，第一指示信息可以包括第一接入原因或者具有第一特性或者第一接入类别等，分别用于指示具有第一接入原因或第一特性或第一接入类别的标签进行接入，即符合这些条件的标签进行接入，对此本申请实施例不做过多的限定。
可选地，第一指示信息可以承载于select信令，也可以承载于Query信令，还可以承载于其他信令，但本申请实施例不限于此。
作为一个可选实施例，如果第一指示信息承载于Query信令，本申请实施例可以理解为读写器发送select命令选择了一组标签设备之后，再发送带有该指示信息的Query信令，此时第一指示信息指示的是在这一组标签设备内，如果有需要进行接入的标签设备可以先接入该读写器。
作为另一个可选实施例，如果第一指示信息承载于其他命令中，此时，存在的可能情况是，该读写器不需要发送select信令和Query信令，即需要进行接入的标签设备从读写器接收到携带该第一指示信息的其他信令之后，此时，需要进行接入的标签设备直接进入步骤S230中。
在步骤S230中，第三设备向该第一设备发送第四消息，该第四消息用于第一标签设备接入读写器。
示例性地，当需要进行接入的第一标签设备(第三设备)从读写器(第一设备)接收到第一指示信息后，可以向该读写器发送第四消息，该第四消息可以用于该第一标签设备接入该读写器。也可以理解为，当第一标签设备有需要进行接入的需求时，在其接收到读写器用于询问的第一指示信息后，会向读写器发送第四消息，该第四消息用于告知读写器第一标签设备需要进行接入，此时第四消息中的信息是为了让读写器知道该第一标签设备有接入的需求。其中，第一标签设备需要进行接入的原因可以是事件触发性上报，例如，温度过高、湿度过低等，也可以是告警、异常上报、传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个等，其具体需要进行接入的原因在此不做过多限定。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识和标签要传输的数据，如传感数据。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识信息和接入原因。
应理解，第四消息中的信息可以是随机数，例如RN16，RN5等，可以是标签设备的标识信息，例如电子产品代码(electronic product code，EPC)、标签识别号(tag identifier，TID)或者其他标识信息等，可以是原因值，还可以是随机数、标签设备的标识信息、原因值、签到码、接入序列中的任意两种组合或者多种组合，本申请实施例对此不做任何限定。
上述的第一标签设备接入读写器的方式有很多，例如包括但不限于，沿用基于Q值方式，或者读写器向标签设备发送携带有默认绑定的Q值的消息，或者还可以是第一标签设备接收到读写器发送的第一指示信息之后立即接入该读写器。本申请实施例对接入的具体方式不限定。
其中，沿用基于Q值的方式可以为，第一标签设备生成随机数k，其中0<k<2 Q-1，收到用于递减计数器的信息指示，计数器开始执行k＝k-1，第一标签设备在计数器减为0时发起接入。
读写器向标签设备发送携带默认绑定的Q值的消息时，其实现方式可以为，例如绑定的Q值为2，则会有4个时隙可用于第一标签设备选择在其中的一个时隙进行接入该读写器。
S240，第一设备发送响应消息。
示例性地，当读写器从第一标签设备接收第四消息后，会发送响应消息，用于响应该第一标签设备的接入。应理解，此时读写器也是向其周围所有的标签设备发送该响应信息，但在该响应信息中会携带第一标签设备发送给该读写器的消息，例如，第一标签设备选择一个16位随机数作为临时身份标识号(identity document，ID)，且在发送给该读写器的第四消息中会携带该16位随机数，而作为对该第一标签设备反馈的确认，该读写器在发送的响应消息中也会携带该随机数。应注意的是，该响应消息也是向周围的所有标签设备发送，周围标签设备接收到该响应消息之后会确认该随机数是不是自己的临时ID。
可选地，响应消息可以为ACK消息。
S250，第三设备向第一设备发送第二消息。
作为一个可选实施例，第一标签设备还可以向读写器发送第二消息，该第二消息用于指示该第一标签设备需要进行接入的原因。
具体而言，当第一标签设备需要进行接入时，也可以向该读写器上报该第一标签设备需要进行接入的原因，以便于应用层能针对该原因采取相应的措施。其中，需要进行接入的原因可以是异常上报、事件触发性上报、周期性上报等原因，例如，该第一标签设备可以因为温度、湿度、压力等原因进行上报，也可以是告警、传感数据上报、更新信息等。在本申请实施例中，需要进行接入的原因或者说上报的原因可以是一种，也可以是上述原因的多种，为了方便理解，将该原因称为原因值(cause)，但本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
需要注意的是，该第二消息可以是与第四消息为同一消息，即第二消息和第四消息中内容相同，此时第四消息可在第二消息之前发送至读写器；还可以在该第一标签设备接收到响应信息之后发送，但若在接收到该响应消息之后发送，则第四消息中不携带该原因值，也就是说，当第四消息中不携带该原因值时，第一标签设备需要再向读写器发送一条携带原因值的消息。
同样需要注意的是，在第四消息中会携带标识信息，其中标识信息可以是临时标识，还可以是标签设备的真实标识，还可以是其他可以表示该标签设备的标识，对此本申请不做过多的限定。但当第四消息中不携带该标签的真实ID时，例如，第四消息中没有携带EPC ID，第一标签设备接收到响应信息之后，会向该读写器发送自己的EPC ID或者其他标识信息如用户永久标识(subscription permanent identifier，SUPI)、用户隐藏标识(Subscription Concealed Identifier，SUCI)。这里需要注意的一点是，当第四消息中只携带了临时ID，没有携带真实ID，也没有携带原因值时，该真实ID和原因值可以一同发送给读写器，即该第二消息中可以携带原因值和真实ID。当然，也可以不同时发送给读写器，本申请实施例对此并不做过多的限定。这里，可以适用基于动态时隙ALOHA的方式。
可选地，该第四消息也可以包含部分标签或全部标识，用于使用二进制搜索树接入方案。
作为一个可选的实施例，读写器还会向标签设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示上报需要进行接入的原因。
作为一个可选的实施例，读写器还会向标签设备发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
具体而言，读写器可以在向标签设备发送第一指示信息时，即读写器盘问周围标签设备是否有主动上报或需要进行接入的需求时，可以同时发送第二指示信息，也可以同时发送第三指示信息，或者同时发送第二指示信息和第三指示信息。读写器还可以在发送响应消息时，携带第二指示信息，或者携带第三指示信息，或者同时携带第二指示信息和第三指示信息，或者，第二指示消息还可以与第三指示消息为同一指示消息。本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
更具体而言，读写器可以指示第一标签设备上报其需要进行接入的原因，或者指示第一标签设备何时上报该原因值。也就是说，第一标签设备可以自行向读写器反馈其需要进行接入的原因，也可以在接收到该读写器发送的第二指示信息和/或第三指示信息后向读写器反馈其需要进行接入的原因。
S260，第一设备发送第四指示信息。
作为一个可选的实施例，读写器向周围标签设备发送第一指示信息后，可能会出现同 时出现多个需要进行接入的标签设备向该读写器发送该第四消息，此时会出现碰撞。在这种情况下，读写器会发送第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的标签设备接入失败后，再次接入该读写器。也就是说，当发生碰撞时，读写器发送第四指示信息指示发生碰撞的标签设备再次接入。
可选地，该第四指示信息可以承载于信令中，例如select信令，Query信令，QueryAdjust信令或者其他信令，但本申请实施例不限于此。
可选地，该信令中可以包含Q值，也可以不包含Q值，但当其不包含Q值时，该信令对应固定的Q值，对此本申请实施例不做过多的限定。
当发生碰撞的标签设备接收到该第四指示信息之后，其后续流程可以参考步骤S230至S240，本申请不再过多赘述。
在本申请实施例中，读写器向周围标签设备发送第一指示信息，以询问周围标签设备是否有接入的需求，能够实现为有接入需求的标签设备提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
图3是本申请实施例提供的标签接入的方法300的示意性流程图。如图3所示，该方法300可以包括步骤310至步骤360。下面将结合附图详细说明方法300中的各个步骤。
S310，第一标签设备向读写器发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示该第一标签设备需要进行接入。
具体而言，当第一标签设备需要进行接入，或者有主动上报需求或能力时，第一标签设备需要向读写器发送第一消息，用于向读写器上报其需要进行接入。在本申请实施例中，该第一消息携带探测序列或者该第一消息可以为探测信令。应理解，本申请实施例的标签需要进行接入可以为标签设备有上报的需求。
可选地，探测序列也可以是标签的标识信息。
应理解，上述的上报的需求可以为标签设备有异常消息，报错消息或者通知消息等消息需要向读写器上报，本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
S320，读写器发送第一指示信息。
具体而言，读写器从需要进行接入的标签设备接收到第一消息后，会将该第一消息转发至其他网络设备，例如核心网或服务器，然后，再从其他网络设备获取第一指示信息，也就是说，第一标签设备发送的第一消息经过读写器先发送至其他网络设备，其他网络设备接收到第一消息后，则会根据该第一消息生成第一指示信息，并将该第一指示信息发送该读写器。
可选地，该第一指示信息中携带该探测序列。其中，第一指示信息包含该探测序列全部序列，或包含该探测序列的部分序列，或经过处理的探测序列，或该探测序列可以作为掩码，对此本申请不做任何限定。
可选地，第一指示信息用于指示有接入需求的标签进行接入，其具体的接入方式可参考S220，为了简洁，本申请实施例不再赘述。
应理解，上述读写器发送第一指示信息是向位于读写器磁场范围内的所有标签设备发送，更具体而言，可以是以广播的形式向所有标签设备发送第一指示信息。
可选地，第一指示信息可以承载于select信令，也可以承载于Query信令，还可以承载于其他信令，但本申请实施例不限于此。
S330，第一标签设备向读写器发送第四消息，该第四消息用于第一标签设备接入读写器。
具体而言，读写器向其周围的所有标签设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息中可以携带探测序列，标签设备接收到该第一指示信息会进一步判断该第一指示信息中的探测序列是不是自己发送的。或者，第一标签设备收到该第一指示信息，即可知道该第一指示信息中的探测序列是自己发送的序列，则第一标签设备会向该读写器发送第四消息，用于第一标签设备接入读写器。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识和标签要传输的数据，如传感数据。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识信息和接入原因。
应理解，第四消息可以是随机数，例如RN16，RN5等，可以是标签设备的标识信息，例如电子产品代码(electronic product code，EPC)、标签识别号(TID)或者其他标识信息等，可以是原因值，还可以是随机数、标签设备的标识信息、原因值、签到码、接入序列中的任意两种组合或者多种组合，本申请实施例对此不做任何限定。
上述的第一标签设备接入读写器的方式有很多，例如包括但不限于，沿用基于Q值方式，或者读写器向标签设备发送携带有默认绑定的Q值的消息，或者还可以是第一标签设备接收到读写器发送的第一指示信息之后立即接入该读写器。本申请实施例对接入的具体方式不限定。
其中，沿用基于Q值的方式可以为，第一标签设备生成随机数k，其中0<k<2 Q-1，收到用于递减计数器的信息指示，计数器开始执行k＝k-1，第一标签设备在计数器减为0时发起接入。
读写器向标签设备发送携带有默认绑定的Q值的消息时，其实现方式可以为，例如绑定的Q值为2，则会有4个时隙可用于第一标签设备选择在其中的一个时隙进行接入该读写器。
可选地，当标签使用二进制搜索树类接入方法时，可根据具体使用的方法，在第四消息中包含部分或者全部的标识信息或者掩码信息。
S340，读写器发送响应消息。
S350，第一标签设备向读写器发送第二消息。
S360，读写器发送第四指示信息。
具体步骤S340至S360的可以参见上述步骤S240至S260，此处不再赘述。
需要注意的是，在标签设备向读写器发送第一消息之前，对于具有主动上报能力的标签，读写器可以对其配置上报的周期以及上报的最大次数，读写器也可以配置开启或者关闭上报流程的功能，对此本申请实施例不做过多限定。
在本申请实施例中，第一标签设备有需要进行接入的情况时，或者有上报需求时，可以由第一标签设备主动触发实现接入，能够实现为有接入需求的标签提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
图4是本申请实施例提供的标签接入的方法400的示意性流程图。如图4所示，该方法400可以包括步骤410至步骤450。下面将结合附图详细说明方法400中的各个步骤。
S410，第一标签设备向读写器发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示该第一标签设备需要进行接入。
具体而言，当第一标签设备需要进行接入，或者有主动上报需求或能力时，第一标签设备需要向读写器发送第一消息，用于向读写器上报其需要进行接入，或者用于请求接入该读写器。在本申请实施例中，该第一消息携带需要进行接入的原因，其中，需要进行接入的原因可以是异常上报、事件触发性上报、周期性上报等原因，例如，该第一标签设备可以因为温度、湿度、压力等原因进行上报，在本申请实施例中，为了方便理解，将该原因称为原因值(cause)。
应理解，本申请实施例的标签设备需要进行接入也可以理解为标签设备有上报的需求。该上报的需求可以为标签设备有异常消息，报错消息或者通知消息等消息需要向读写器上报，本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
S420，读写器发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息中携带该原因值。
具体而言，读写器接收到第一消息后，会根据该第一消息生成第一指示信息，并发送第一指示信息。其中，第一指示信息中包含该原因值。
应理解，第一指示信息可以直接包含原因值，也可以是第一指示信息的功能或者其带有的信息可以直接或者间接表示/标识需要进行接入的。该第一指示信息只要能表示第一标签设备需要进行接入均属于本申请实施例的保护范围，在此不做过多限定。
应理解，上述读写器发送第一指示信息是向位于读写器磁场范围内的所有标签设备发送，更具体而言，可以是以广播的形式向所有标签设备发送第一指示信息。
可选地，第一指示信息可以承载于select信令，也可以承载于Query信令，还可以承载于其他信令，但本申请实施例不限于此。
S430，第一标签设备向读写器发送第四消息，该第四消息用于该第一标签设备接入读写器。
具体而言，读写器向其周围的所有标签设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息中可以携带原因值，标签设备接收到该第一指示信息会进一步判断该第一指示信息中的原因值是不是自己发送的。或者，第一标签设备收到该第一指示信息，即可知道该第一指示信息中的原因值是自己发送的，则第一标签设备会向该读写器发送第四消息，用于指示第一标签设备已接入读写器。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识和标签要传输的数据，如传感数据。
可选地，第四消息中可包含标签标识信息和接入原因。
应理解，第四消息可以是随机数，例如RN16，RN5等，可以是标签设备的标识信息，例如电子产品代码(electronic product code，EPC)、标签识别号(TID)或者其他标识信息等，还可以是随机数、标签的标识信息组合，本申请实施例对此不做任何限定。
上述的第一标签设备接入读写器的方式有很多，例如包括但不限于，沿用基于Q值方式，或者读写器向标签设备发送携带有默认绑定的Q值的消息，或者还可以是第一标签设备接收到读写器发送的第一指示信息之后立即接入该读写器。本申请实施例对接入的具体方式不限定。
其中，沿用基于Q值的方式可以为，第一标签设备生成随机数k，其中0<k<2 Q-1，收到用于递减计数器的信息指示，计数器开始执行k＝k-1，第一标签设备在计数器减为0时发起接入。
读写器向标签设备发送携带有默认绑定的Q值的消息是，其实现方式可以为，例如绑 定的Q值为2，则会有4个时隙可用于第一标签设备选择在其中的一个时隙进行接入该读写器。
可选地，当标签使用二进制搜索树类接入方法时，可根据具体使用的方法，在第四消息中包含部分或者全部的标识信息或者掩码信息。
S440，读写器发送响应消息。其具体实现方式可以参照步骤240，在此不再赘述。
需要注意的是，在本申请实施例中，如果在步骤430中的第四消息携带的随机数或者是临时ID，则需要在读写器发送响应消息后，第一标签设备需要向该读写器发送其真实的ID，例如EPC ID。
同样需要注意的是，在步骤410中的第一消息是用于指示第一标签设备需要进行接入的原因，故在本申请实施例中，不再次发送第二指示信息和第三指示信息。
S450，读写器发送第四指示信息。其具体实现方式可以参照步骤260，在此不再赘述。
需要注意的是，在标签设备向读写器发送第一消息之前，对于具有主动上报能力的标签，读写器可以对其配置上报的周期以及上报的最大次数，读写器也可以配置开启或者关闭上报流程的功能，对此本申请实施例不做过多限定。
在本申请实施例中，第一标签设备在需要进行接入的情况时，或者有上报需求时，可以由第一标签设备主动触发实现接入，能够实现为有上报需求的标签提供接入的机会，从而提高系统效率和降低漏读率。
在方法300和方法400中，为避免标签设备之间的碰撞，读写器中可能存在预配置资源，以便于具有接入需求的标签设备可以向该预留资源发送第一消息。
可选地，该预配置资源可以是时域资源、频域资源、码域资源等，例如，读写器可以周期性预留一个或者多个时隙，或者对于频域资源，读写器可以预留某一频段用于标签设备的接入，具体的，读写器可以向标签发送预留的资源配置，标签接收到后，当有主动上报需求时，进行上报。对此本申请实施例不做过多的限定。
应理解，读写器中的预配置资源可以是默认的，也可以是读写器配置的，还可以是读写器从标签服务器或者核心网获得的，本申请实施例对此不做过多的限定。
在本申请实施例中，标签设备向读写器的预配置资源发送第一消息，一方面实现了标签设备的主动上报，另一方面对于其他非主动上报标签设备减少干扰或者碰撞。
作为一个可选的实施例，在在方法300和方法400中，还可能存在需要进行进入的标签设备向第二标签设备发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示该第一标签发送第一消息的时机和/或持续的时间。其中，第二标签设备是读写器周围标签中除第一标签设备的设备且可能有接入需求的标签设备。
具体而言，当第一标签设备检测到在该读写器中存在空闲时隙，其可以在该空闲时隙发送第一消息，则第一标签设备会向周围的标签的设备(第二标签设备)发送第五指示信息，用于指示第一标签设备将在该空闲时隙发送第一消息，当周围的标签设备若也有需要接入的需求，则会在该空闲时隙后的一个时隙或者多个时隙后再尝试接入。换言之，第二标签设备接收到该第五指示信息后，会暂停接入读写器。
在本申请实施例中，第一标签设备向其周围的标签设备发送指示信息，用于指示其接入的时机，一方面实现了标签设备的主动上报，另一方面对于其他标签设备减少干扰或者碰撞。
应理解，上述第一标签设备向读写器的预配置资源发送第一消息和第一标签设备向其他标签设备发送第五指示信息可以在同一个实施例中执行，也可以不再同一个实施例中执行，对此本申请实施例不过多限定。
作为一个可选地实施例，上述所有实施例中，若第一标签设备在主动上报或者发送接入的过程中，没有收到读写器回复时，例如，第一标签设备发送了第一消息，但第一设备并没有接收到读写器针对该消息的响应，或者说没有接收到第一指示信息，第一标签设备可以再次接入该读写器，即向读写器发送第一消息或第三消息，该第一消息用于指示有主动上报的需求，该第三消息用于请求接入读写器。其也可以是，第一标签设备在发送第三消息后，没有得到读写器的响应消息，即ACK消息时，其也会再次向该读写器发送第三消息。该第三消息可以与上述的第一消息或者第二消息相同，即携带相同的信息，例如携带相同的原因值或者相同的探测序列，其也可以携带不同的消息，本申请实施例对此不做过多限定。
除此之外，第一标签设备在没有接收到读写器的响应消息时，其可以按照某一周期进行再次接入，周期可以是默认的或者提前配置的；或者基于时隙ALOHA方式接入，具体地，第一标签设备产生随机数，例如，沿用基于Q值的方式接入，例如第一标签设备生成随机数k，其中，0<k<2 Q-1，收到用于递减计数器的信息指示，计数器开始执行k＝k-1，第一标签设备在计数器减为0时发起接入。Q值可以为默认的，也可以是上一次使用的或者上一次从读写器中获得的，本申请实施例对此不再限定。
当第一标签设备收到针对这次接入的响应消息后，可以执行上述实施例流程，具体参考第一标签设备发送第一消息或第三消息后的流程。
应注意，图2、图3和图4的例子是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非要限制本申请实施例的范围。本领域技术人员根据所给出的图2、图3和图4的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
以上对本申请提供的标签接入的方法进行了详细说明，下面介绍本申请提供的通信装置。
图5为本申请提供的通信装置500的示意性框图。如图5，通信装置500包括处理单元510、发送单元520和接收单元530。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置500可对应于上述方法实施例中的读写器。
应理解，本申请中的读写器，即手持或固定式读取(有时还可以写入)标签信息的设备，也可以理解为是与标签设备通信的设备，形态可以为终端，也可以是基站，或者是一个具有读写功能的设备，其具体名称和具体形态不做限定。
具体地，该装置500可对应于根据本申请实施例的图2、图3和图4中的读写器，该装置可以包括用于执行图2中的方法200或图3中的方法300或图4中的方法400的单元。并且，该装置500中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图2中的方法200或图3中的方法300或图4中的方法400。
处理单元510，用于确定第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备；发送单元520，用于发送该第一指示信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元530还用于从至少一个标签设备中的第三设备接 收第一消息，该第一消息用于指示该第三设备请求接入；其中，处理单元510根据该第一消息确定第一指示信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该第一消息包括该第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或该第三设备的探测序列。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元530具体可以在预配置资源上接收该第一消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元530还用于从第三设备接收第二消息，该第二消息用于指示该第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元520还用于发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元520还用于发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元520还用于发送第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入所述第一设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报、传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
可选地，发送单元520和接收单元530也可以集成为一个收发单元，同时具备接收和发送的功能，这里不作限定。
在一种实现方式中，发送单元520可以为发射器，接收单元5300可以为接收器。接收器和发射器也可以集成为一个收发器。处理单元510可以为处理装置。
在另一种实现方式中，通信装置500可以为安装在第一设备中的芯片或集成电路。在这种实现方式中，发送单元520和接收单元530可以为通信接口或者接口电路。例如，发送单元520为输出接口或输出电路，接收单元530为输入接口或输入电路，处理单元510可以为处理装置。
其中，处理装置的功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。例如，处理装置可以包括存储器和处理器，其中，存储器用于存储计算机程序，处理器读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，使得通信装置500执行各方法实施例中由读写器执行的操作和/或处理。可选地，处理装置可以仅包括处理器，用于存储计算机程序的存储器位于处理装置之外。处理器通过电路/电线与存储器连接，以读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序。又例如，处理装置可以芯片或集成电路。
图6为本申请提供的通信装置600的示意性框图。如图6，通信装置600包括接收单元610、处理单元620和发送单元630。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置600可对应于上述方法实施例中的第三设备。
应理解，本申请中的第三设备，也可以理解为是与读写设备通信的设备，形态可有为终端，其具体名称和具体形态不做限定。
具体地，该装置600可对应于根据本申请实施例的图2、图3和图4中的第三设备，该装置可以包括用于执行图2中的方法200或图3中的方法300或图4中的方法400的单元。并且，该装置600中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图2中的方法200或图3中的方法300或图4中的方法400。
接收单元610，用于从第一设备接收的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示至少 一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入该第一设备，该第三设备为所述至少一个第二设备中的设备；处理单元620用于确定需要进行接入，该第三设备接入该第一设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元630还用于向第一设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入；其中，该第一指示信息根据该第一消息确定。
可选地，在一个实施例中，第一消息包括第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或第三设备的探测序列。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元630具体用于向第一设备的预配置资源发送该第一消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元630还用于向第一设备发送第二消息，该第二消息用于指示第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元610还用于从第一设备接收第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于请求第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元610还用于从第一设备接收第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因的时机。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元610还用于从第一设备接收第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入第一设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元630还用于向第四设备发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示第三设备发送第一消息的时机，该第四设备是至少一个第二设备中除第三设备之外的设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，第三设备在没有接收到针对第一消息的响应时，发送单元630还用于发送第一消息或第三消息，该第三消息用于请求接入第一设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报，传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
可选地，接收单元610和发送单元630也可以集成为一个收发单元，同时具备接收和发送的功能，这里不作限定。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置600可以为方法实施例中的第三设备。在这种实现方式中，发送单元630可以为发射器，接收单元610可以为接收器。接收器和发射器也可以集成为一个收发器。处理单元620可以为处理装置。
在另一种实现方式中，通信装置600可以为安装在第三设备中的芯片或集成电路。在这种实现方式中，发送单元630和接收单元610可以为通信接口或者接口电路。例如，发送单元630为输出接口或输出电路，接收单元620为输入接口或输入电路，处理单元610可以为处理装置。
其中，处理装置的功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。例如，处理装置可以包括存储器和处理器，其中，存储器用于存储计算机程序，处理器读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，使得通信装置600执行各方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的操作和/或处理。可选地，处理装置可以仅包括处理器，用于存储计算机程序的存储器位于处理装置之外。处理器通过电路/电线与存储器连接，以读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序。又例如，处理装置可以芯片或集成电路。
图7为本申请提供的通信装置700的示意性结构图。如图7，通信装置700包括：一 个或多个处理器710，一个或多个存储器720以及一个或多个通信接口730。处理器710用于控制通信接口730收发信号，存储器720用于存储计算机程序，处理器710用于从存储器720中调用并运行该计算机程序，以使得本申请各方法实施例中由读写器执行的流程和/或操作被执行。
例如，处理器710可以具有图5中所示的处理单元510的功能，通信接口730可以具有图5中所示的发送单元520和/或接收单元530的功能。具体地，处理器710可以用于执行本申请各方法实施例中由读写器内部执行的处理或操作，通信接口730用于执行本申请各方法实施例中由读写器执行的发送和/或接收的动作。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置700可以为方法实施例中的第一设备。在这种实现方式中，通信接口730可以为收发器。收发器可以包括接收器和发射器。
在另一种实现中，通信装置700可以为安装在第一设备中的芯片。在这种实现方式中，通信接口730可以为接口电路或者输入/输出接口。
参见图8，图8是本申请提供的通信装置800的示意性结构图。如图8，通信装置800包括：一个或多个处理器810，一个或多个存储器820以及一个或多个通信接口830。处理器810用于控制通信接口830收发信号，存储器820用于存储计算机程序，处理器810用于从存储器820中调用并运行该计算机程序，以使得本申请各方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的流程和/或操作被执行。
例如，处理器810可以具有图6中所示的处理单元620的功能，通信接口830可以具有图6中所示的发送单元630和接收单元610的功能。具体地，处理器810可以用于执行本申请各方法实施例中由第一标签设备内部执行的处理或操作，通信接口730用于执行本申请各方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的发送和/或接收的动作，不再赘述。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置800可以为方法实施例中的第三设备。在这种实现方式中，通信接口830可以为收发器。收发器可以包括接收器和发射器。
在另一种实现中，通信装置800可以为安装在第三设备中的芯片。在这种实现方式中，通信接口830可以为接口电路或者输入/输出接口。
可选的，上述各装置实施例中的处理器与存储器可以是物理上相互独立的单元，或者，存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起，本文不做限定。
此外，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得本申请各方法实施例中由读写器执行的操作和/或流程被执行。
本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得本申请各方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的操作和/或流程被执行。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码或指令，当计算机程序代码或指令在计算机上运行时，使得本申请各方法实施例中由读写器执行的操作和/或流程被执行。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码或指令，当计算机程序代码或指令在计算机上运行时，使得本申请各方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的操作和/或流程被执行。
此外，本申请还提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器。用于存储计算机程序的存储器独立于芯片而设置，处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得任意一个方法实施例中由读写器执行的操作和/或处理被执行。
进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括通信接口。所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口，也可以为接口电路等。进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括所述存储器。
本申请还提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器。用于存储计算机程序的存储器独立于芯片而设置，处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得任意一个方法实施例中由第一标签设备执行的操作和/或处理被执行。
进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括通信接口。所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口，也可以为接口电路等。进一步地，所述芯片还可以包括所述存储器。
此外，本申请还提供一种通信系统，包括本申请实施例中的读写器和第一标签设备。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储 在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一设备确定第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入所述第一设备；
    所述第一设备发送所述第一指示信息。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在第一设备确定第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备从所述至少一个第二设备中的第三设备接收第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示所述第三设备请求接入；
    以及第一设备确定第一指示信息包括：所述第一设备根据所述第一消息确定所述第一指示信息。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括所述第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或所述第三设备的探测序列。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备在预配置资源上接收所述第一消息。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备从第三设备接收第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于请求所述第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第三设备上报所述需要进行接入的原因的时机。
  8. 如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入所述第一设备。
  9. 如权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报，传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第三设备从第一设备接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示至少一个第二设备在需要进行接入的情况下接入所述第一设备，所述第三设备为所述至少一个第二设备中的设备；
    在所述第三设备需要进行接入的情况下，所述第三设备接入所述第一设备。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在第三设备从第一设备接收第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备向所述第一设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示所述第三设备需 要进行接入；
    其中，所述第一指示信息根据所述第一消息确定。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括所述第三设备需要进行接入的原因和/或所述第三设备的探测序列。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三设备向所述第一设备的预配置资源发送所述第一消息。
  14. 如权利要求11至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备向第四设备发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述第三设备发送第一消息的时机，所述第四设备是所述至少一个第二设备中除所述第三设备之外的设备。
  15. 如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备向所述第一设备发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述第三设备需要进行接入的原因。
  16. 如权利要求10至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备从所述第一设备接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于请求所述第三设备上报需要进行接入的原因。
  17. 如权利要求10至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备从所述第一设备接收第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第三设备上报所述需要进行接入的原因的时机。
  18. 如权利要求10至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备从所述第一设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示需要进行接入的至少一个第二设备接入失败后，再次接入所述第一设备。
  19. 如权利要求11至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第三设备在没有接收到针对第一消息的响应时，所述第三设备发送所述第一消息或第三消息，所述第三消息用于请求接入所述第一设备。
  20. 如权利要求15至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述需要进行接入的原因包括告警、异常上报，传感数据上报、更新信息中的至少一个。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于实现权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于实现权利要求10至20中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  23. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，所述至少一个处理器用于执行所述至少一个存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器与至少一个存储器耦合，所述至少一个处理器用于执行所述至少一个存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求10至20中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法被 执行，或者如权利要求10至20中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  26. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品中包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者如权利要求10至20中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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