WO2022153866A1 - 通信装置、通信方法、及び通信システム - Google Patents
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
- H04L1/1685—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1822—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems involving configuration of automatic repeat request [ARQ] with parallel processes
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- H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
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- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to communication devices, communication methods, and communication systems.
- Relay communication via a relay station may be used as communication between communication devices.
- one-way relay communication is known in which one of uplink communication and downlink communication is relay communication and the other communication is direct communication.
- communication performance for example, delay, throughput, packet loss rate, etc.
- communication performance for example, delay, throughput, packet loss rate, etc.
- the base station and the terminal device perform relay communication.
- the base station is a non-ground station such as a satellite station
- the propagation path between the base station and the terminal device is a long distance.
- the retransmission process such as HARQ (Hybrid automatic repeat request) may fail.
- this disclosure proposes a communication device, a communication method, and a communication system capable of realizing high communication performance.
- one of uplink communication and downlink communication with another communication device is relay communication via a relay station, and the other.
- a plurality of components having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished by adding different numbers after the same reference numerals.
- a plurality of configurations having substantially the same functional configuration are distinguished as required , such as terminal devices 50 1 , 502 , and 503.
- terminal devices 50 1 , 502 , and 503. if it is not necessary to distinguish each of the plurality of components having substantially the same functional configuration, only the same reference numerals are given.
- the terminal devices 50 1 , 50 2 , and 50 3 they are simply referred to as the terminal device 50.
- Each of one or more embodiments (including examples and modifications) described below can be implemented independently. On the other hand, at least a part of the plurality of embodiments described below may be implemented in combination with at least a part of other embodiments as appropriate. These plurality of embodiments may include novel features that differ from each other. Therefore, these plurality of embodiments can contribute to solving different purposes or problems, and can exert different effects.
- LTE and NR are a kind of cellular communication technology, and enable mobile communication of a terminal device by arranging a plurality of areas covered by a base station in a cell shape. At this time, a single base station may manage a plurality of cells.
- RAT Radio Access Technology
- LTE and NR are a kind of cellular communication technology, and enable mobile communication of a terminal device by arranging a plurality of areas covered by a base station in a cell shape. At this time, a single base station may manage a plurality of cells.
- LTE includes LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-A Pro (LTE-Advanced Pro), and EUTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access).
- NR shall include NLAT (New Radio Access Technology) and FEUTRA (Further EUTRA).
- a single base station may manage a plurality of cells.
- the cell corresponding to LTE is referred to as an LTE cell
- the cell corresponding to NR is referred to as an NR cell.
- NR is the next generation (fifth generation) wireless access technology (RAT) of LTE.
- RAT wireless access technology
- NR is a wireless access technology that can support various use cases including eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband), mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communications) and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications).
- eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
- mMTC Massive Machine Type Communications
- URLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications
- NTN Non-Terrestrial Network
- TN terrestrial network
- Relay communication via a relay station may be used as communication between communication devices.
- relay communication via a relay station may be used as communication between a terminal device and a non-ground station.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining relay communication.
- FIG. 1 shows a satellite station (Satellite shown in FIG. 1) as a non-ground station. Then, FIG. 1 shows how the satellite station and the terminal device (UE shown in FIG. 1) perform relay communication via the relay station (Relay shown in FIG. 1). In the example of FIG. 1, both the uplink and the downlink are relay communication.
- an acknowledgment (ACK) / negative response (NACK) is guaranteed for each link (link between the satellite station and the relay station, link between the relay station and the terminal device). It is considered to do. That is, since the terminal device transmits ACK / NACK from the relay station, it is possible to know whether or not the data has arrived at the relay station. However, since the terminal device does not receive ACK / NACK from the non-ground station, it is unknown whether or not the data has arrived at the satellite station.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing that the propagation distance TD between the terminal device and the non-ground station is long.
- feedback ACK / NACK, etc.
- HARQ it is necessary to hold the transmission data in the transmission buffer until the communication is successful, but since the relay station relays the communication of many terminal devices, if the feedback from the satellite station is delayed, the transmission buffer overflows. Problems occur.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which HARQ feedback between the satellite station and the relay station is disabled.
- the communication performance (for example, delay, throughput, packet loss rate, etc.) will be significantly reduced depending on the situation.
- the communication performance for example, delay, throughput, packet loss rate, etc.
- the packet is retransmitted by the upper layer, so that a large delay occurs before retransmitting.
- low earth orbit satellites and the like are constantly moving at high speed over the sky, and there is a possibility that relay stations and terminal devices may be out of coverage or out of sight at the time of retransmission. As a result, there may be a case where the data transmitted by the terminal device does not reach the satellite station.
- the communication system of the present embodiment is a communication system including a non-ground station, a relay station, and a terminal device, and the communication between the non-ground station and the terminal device is uni-directional relay communication.
- the non-ground station and the terminal device can perform the retransmission process end-to-end.
- the non-ground station is different from at least one HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device and the relay station and a HARQ ID for communication between the non-ground station and the relay station.
- the HARQ ID used end-to-end between the terminal device and the non-ground station in the one-way relay communication (hereinafter, also referred to as an end-to-end HARQ ID) is acquired.
- the non-ground station uses this end-to-end (hereinafter referred to as E2E) HARQ ID to perform one-way relay communication with the terminal device.
- E2E end-to-end
- the HARQ ID is, for example, a HARQ process ID.
- the one-way relay is a communication method in which one link of the uplink and the downlink is relay communication and the other link is direct communication.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an uplink one-way relay.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a downlink one-way relay.
- the uplink one-way relay is a one-way relay in which the uplink is relay communication and the downlink is direct communication.
- the downlink one-way relay is a one-way relay in which the downlink is used for relay communication and the uplink is used for direct communication.
- the non-ground station is different from at least one HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device and the relay station and a HARQ ID for communication between the relay station and the non-ground station.
- the non-ground station transmits the NACK related to the HARQ ID of E2E to the terminal device by direct communication without going through the relay station.
- end-to-end retransmission processing can be performed in the PHY layer and MAC layer even in an environment where HARQ between the non-ground station and the relay station is disabled (Disable). Further, since the terminal device or the non-ground station can quickly know the success / failure of communication without going through the relay station, the retransmission process can be executed quickly. As a result, the delay associated with the retransmission process is reduced, so that the communication system can realize high communication performance.
- Communication system 1 is a cellular communication system using wireless access techniques such as LTE and NR, and provides terrestrial terminal devices with wireless communication via a non-ground station (for example, a satellite station or an aircraft station). .. If the non-ground station is a satellite station, the communication system 1 may be a Bent-pipe (Transparent) type mobile satellite communication system.
- the wireless access method used by the communication system 1 is not limited to LTE and NR, and may be another wireless access method such as W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) and cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000). ..
- the ground station (also referred to as a ground base station) means a base station (including a relay station) installed on the ground.
- ground is not only on land but also on the ground in a broad sense including underground, water, and water.
- the description of "ground station” may be replaced with “gateway”.
- the technique of the present disclosure can be applied not only to communication between a non-ground base station and a terminal device but also to communication between a ground base station and a terminal device.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the communication system 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the communication system 1 includes a management device 10, a ground station 20, a non-ground station 30, a relay station 40, and a terminal device 50.
- the communication system 1 provides a user with a wireless network capable of mobile communication by operating the wireless communication devices constituting the communication system 1 in cooperation with each other.
- the wireless network of the present embodiment is composed of, for example, a wireless access network and a core network.
- the wireless communication device is a device having a wireless communication function, and in the example of FIG. 6, the ground station 20, the non-ground station 30, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 correspond to each other. ..
- the communication system 1 may include a plurality of management devices 10, a ground station 20, a non-ground station 30, a relay station 40, and a terminal device 50, respectively.
- the communication system 1 includes management devices 10 1 , 10 2 and the like as the management device 10.
- the communication system 1 includes ground stations 201, 202 and the like as ground stations 20 , and non-ground stations 30 1 , 302 and the like as non - ground stations 30.
- the communication system 1 includes relay stations 40 1 , 402 and the like as the relay station 40 , and terminal devices 50 1 , 502 , 503 and the like as the terminal device 50.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a wireless network provided by the communication system 1.
- the management device 10 is, for example, a device that constitutes the core network CN.
- the management device 10 is connected to the public network PN.
- the management device 10 is connected to the ground station 20 and the non-ground station 30, and enables the terminal device 50 to connect to the public network PN.
- the ground station 20 and the non-ground station 30 are base stations.
- the ground station 20 is, for example, a ground base station installed in a structure on the ground
- the non-ground station 30 is a non-ground base station such as a medium earth orbit satellite, a low earth orbit satellite, or HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station).
- the ground station 20 and the non-ground station 30 each constitute a cell.
- a cell is an area covered by wireless communication.
- the cell may be a macro cell, a micro cell, a femto cell, or a small cell.
- the communication system 1 may be configured to manage a plurality of cells by a single base station (satellite station), or may be configured to manage one cell by a plurality of base stations. ..
- the ground stations 20 1 and 202 constitute the terrestrial network TN 1
- the ground stations 20 3 , 204 , and 25 constitute the terrestrial network TN 2
- the terrestrial network TN1 and the terrestrial network TN2 are networks operated by, for example, a wireless communication carrier such as a telephone company.
- the terrestrial network TN1 and the terrestrial network TN2 may be operated by different wireless communication carriers or may be operated by the same wireless communication carrier. It is also possible to regard the terrestrial network TN1 and the terrestrial network TN2 as one terrestrial network.
- the terrestrial network TN1 and the terrestrial network TN2 are each connected to the core network.
- the ground station 20 constituting the terrestrial network TN2 is connected to, for example, the core network CN configured by the management device 101 and the like.
- the core network CN is EPC.
- the core network CN is 5GC.
- the core network CN is not limited to EPC and 5GC, and may be a core network of another wireless access method.
- the terrestrial network TN1 is not connected to the core network, but the terrestrial network TN1 may be connected to the core network CN. Further, the terrestrial network TN1 may be connected to a core network (not shown) different from the core network CN.
- the core network CN is provided with a gateway device, a barrier exchange, and the like, and is connected to the public network PN via the gateway device.
- the public network PN is, for example, a public data network such as the Internet, a regional IP network, a telephone network (mobile phone network, fixed telephone network, etc.).
- the gateway device is, for example, a server device connected to the Internet, a regional IP network, or the like.
- the barrier exchange is, for example, an exchange connected to the telephone network of a telephone company.
- the management device 101 may have a function as a gateway device or a barrier exchange.
- the non-ground station 30 shown in FIG. 7 is a non-ground station such as a satellite station or an aircraft station.
- the group of satellite stations (or satellite stations) that make up a non-terrestrial network is called the Space-borne Platform.
- the group of aircraft stations (or aircraft stations) that make up a non-terrestrial network is called the Airborne Platform.
- the non-ground stations 30 1 , 30 2 and 30 3 constitute the space bone platform SBP 1
- the non-ground stations 30 4 constitute the space bone platform SBP 2.
- the non - ground station 305 constitutes the air bone platform ABP1.
- the non-ground station 30 may be able to communicate with the terrestrial network or the core network via the relay station 40. Of course, the non-ground station 30 may be able to directly communicate with the terrestrial network or the core network without going through the relay station 40. The non-ground station 30 may be able to communicate with the terminal device 50 via the relay station 40, or may be able to communicate directly with the terminal device 50. Further, in the non-ground station 30, the relay station 40 and the non-ground station may be able to directly communicate with each other without going through the relay station.
- the relay station 40 relays the communication between the ground device and the non-ground station 30.
- the relay station 401 relays the communication between the ground station 20 and the non - ground station 30, and the relay station 402 relays the communication between the management device 10 and the non - ground station 30.
- the ground station 20 may relay the communication between the terminal device 50 and the non-ground station 30.
- the relay station 40 may be able to communicate with another relay station 40.
- the terminal device 50 can communicate with both a ground station and a non-ground station.
- the terminal device 501 can communicate with the ground stations constituting the terrestrial network TN1. Further, the terminal device 501 can communicate with the non-ground stations constituting the space bone platforms SBP1 and SBP2. The terminal device 50 can also communicate with the non-ground stations constituting the air bone platform ABP1. The terminal device 50 may be able to communicate with the relay station 40. Further, the terminal device 50 may be capable of directly communicating with another terminal device 50. The terminal device 501 may be capable of directly communicating with the terminal device 50 2 .
- Satellite communication is wireless communication between a satellite station and a communication device.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of satellite communication provided by the communication system 1. Satellite stations are mainly divided into geostationary satellite stations and low earth orbit satellite stations.
- the geostationary satellite station is located at an altitude of about 35786 km and revolves around the earth at the same speed as the rotation speed of the earth.
- the non-ground station 304 constituting the space bone platform SBP2 is a geostationary satellite station.
- the geostationary satellite station has a relative velocity of almost 0 with the terminal device 50 on the ground, and is observed from the terminal device 50 on the ground as if it were stationary.
- the non-ground station 304 performs satellite communication with terminal devices 50 1 , 50 3 , 504 , etc. located on the earth.
- a low earth orbit satellite station is a satellite station that orbits at a lower altitude than a geostationary satellite station or a medium earth orbit satellite station.
- a low earth orbit satellite station is, for example, a satellite station located between an altitude of 500 km and an altitude of 2000 km.
- the non-ground stations 30 1 and 302 constituting the space bone platform SBP1 are low earth orbit satellite stations. Note that FIG. 8 shows only two non-ground stations 30 1 and 302 as satellite stations constituting the space bone platform SBP1. However, in reality, the satellite stations constituting the space bone platform SBP1 have a low earth orbit satellite constellation formed by three or more (for example, tens to thousands) non-ground stations 30.
- the low earth orbit satellite station has a relative velocity with the terminal device 50 on the ground, and is observed as if it is moving from the terminal device 50 on the ground.
- the non-ground stations 30 1 and 30 2 form cells, respectively, and perform satellite communication with terminal devices 50 1 , 50 3 , 504 , etc. located on the earth.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a cell composed of a non-geostationary satellite.
- FIG. 9 shows cell C2 formed by the non-ground station 302, which is a low earth orbit satellite station.
- the satellite station orbiting in low earth orbit communicates with the terminal device 50 on the ground with a predetermined directivity on the ground.
- the angle R1 shown in FIG. 9 is 40 °.
- the radius D1 of the cell C2 formed by the non-ground station 302 is, for example, 1000 km.
- Low earth orbit satellite stations move at a constant speed. If it becomes difficult for the low earth orbit satellite station to provide satellite communication to the terminal device 50 on the ground, a subsequent low earth orbit satellite station will provide satellite communication.
- FIG. 9 shows cell C2 formed by the non-ground station 302, which is a low earth orbit satellite station.
- the satellite station orbiting in low earth orbit communicates with the terminal device 50 on the ground with a predetermined directivity on the ground.
- the angle R1 shown in FIG. 9 is 40
- the subsequent non-ground station 303 3 provides satellite communication.
- the values of the angle R1 and the radius D1 described above are merely examples and are not limited to the above.
- Medium earth orbit and low earth orbit satellites move in orbit at a very high speed over the sky as described above. For example, in the case of a low earth orbit satellite at an altitude of 600 km, it moves in orbit at a speed of 7.6 km / S. I'm moving.
- Low earth orbit satellites form cells (or beams) with a radius of several tens of kilometers to several hundreds of kilometers on the ground, but the cells formed on the ground move as the satellite moves, so the terminal device on the ground does not move.
- handover may be required. For example, assuming a case where the cell diameter formed on the ground is 50 km and the terminal device on the ground is not moving, the handover occurs in about 6 to 7 seconds.
- the terminal device 50 is capable of wireless communication using a non-terrestrial network.
- the non-ground station 30 of the communication system 1 constitutes a non-terrestrial network.
- the communication system 1 can extend the service to the terminal device 50 located in an area that cannot be covered by the terrestrial network.
- the communication system 1 can provide public safety communication and critical communication to communication devices such as IoT (Internet of Things) devices and MTC (Machine Type Communications) devices.
- IoT Internet of Things
- MTC Machine Type Communications
- the communication system 1 can realize a service connection to an aircraft terminal device such as an airplane passenger or a drone, or a service connection to a mobile terminal device such as a ship or a train.
- the communication system 1 can provide A / V content, group communication, IoT broadcast service, software download service, high-efficiency multicast service such as emergency message, high-efficiency broadcast service, and the like.
- the communication system 1 can also realize traffic offload between a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network. In order to realize these, it is desirable that the non-terrestrial network provided by the communication system 1 be integrated with the terrestrial network provided by the communication system 1 in the upper layer. Further, it is desirable that the non-terrestrial network provided by the communication system 1 has the same wireless access method as the terrestrial network provided by the communication system 1.
- the device in the figure may be considered as a device in a logical sense. That is, a part of the devices in the figure may be realized by a virtual machine (VM: Virtual Machine), a container (Container), a docker (Docker), etc., and they may be mounted on physically the same hardware.
- VM Virtual Machine
- Container Container
- Docker docker
- the ground station and the non-ground station can be paraphrased as a base station.
- a satellite station can be rephrased as a relay station. If the satellite station has a function as a base station, the satellite station can be paraphrased as a base station.
- the LTE base station may be referred to as eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB.
- the base station of NR may be referred to as gNodeB or gNB.
- a terminal device also referred to as a mobile station or a terminal
- UE User Equipment
- the terminal device is a kind of communication device, and is also called a mobile station or a terminal.
- the concept of a communication device includes not only a portable mobile device (terminal device) such as a mobile terminal, but also a device installed on a structure or a mobile body.
- the structure or the moving body itself may be regarded as a communication device.
- the concept of a communication device includes not only a terminal device but also a base station and a relay station.
- a communication device is a type of processing device and information processing device. Further, the communication device can be paraphrased as a transmission device or a reception device.
- each device constituting the communication system 1 will be specifically described.
- the configuration of each device shown below is just an example.
- the configuration of each device may be different from the configuration shown below.
- the management device 10 is a device that manages a wireless network.
- the management device 10 is a device that constitutes a core network.
- the core network is an EPC
- the management device 10 is, for example, a device having a function as an MME (Mobility Management Entity).
- the core network is 5GC
- the management device 10 is, for example, a device having a function as an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) and / or an SMF (Session Management Function).
- AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
- SMF Session Management Function
- the functions of the management device 10 are not limited to MME, AMF, and SMF.
- the management device 10 is a device having functions as NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), PCF (Policy Control Function), and UDM (Unified Data Management). There may be. Further, the management device 10 may be a device having a function as an HSS (Home Subscriber Server).
- NSSF Network Slice Selection Function
- AUSF Authentication Server Function
- PCF Policy Control Function
- UDM Unified Data Management
- the management device 10 may have a gateway function.
- the management device 10 may have a function as an S-GW (Serving Gateway) or a P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway).
- the management device 10 may have a function as an UPF (User Plane Function).
- the management device 10 does not necessarily have to be a device that constitutes the core network.
- the core network is a core network of W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) or cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000).
- the management device 10 may be a device that functions as an RNC (Radio Network Controller).
- RNC Radio Network Controller
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the management device 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the management device 10 includes a communication unit 11, a storage unit 12, and a control unit 13.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 10 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Further, the functions of the management device 10 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the management device 10 may be composed of a plurality of server devices.
- the communication unit 11 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices.
- the communication unit 11 may be a network interface or a device connection interface.
- the communication unit 11 may be a LAN (Local Area Network) interface such as a NIC (Network Interface Card), or a USB interface composed of a USB (Universal Serial Bus) host controller, a USB port, or the like. May be good.
- the communication unit 11 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface.
- the communication unit 11 functions as a communication means of the management device 10.
- the communication unit 11 communicates with the ground station 20 and the like under the control of the control unit 13.
- the storage unit 12 is a storage device capable of reading and writing data such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), flash memory, and hard disk.
- the storage unit 12 functions as a storage means for the management device 10.
- the storage unit 12 stores, for example, the connection state of the terminal device 50.
- the storage unit 12 stores the RRC state and the ECM state of the terminal device 50.
- the storage unit 12 may function as a home memory for storing the position information of the terminal device 50.
- the control unit 13 is a controller that controls each unit of the management device 10.
- the control unit 13 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit).
- the control unit 13 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the management device 10 using a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 13 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- ground station configuration Next, the configuration of the ground station 20 will be described.
- the ground station 20 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 50.
- the ground station 20 may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the terminal device 50 via the non-ground station 30, or may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the terminal device 50 via a terrestrial relay station. good. Of course, the ground station 20 may be configured to directly communicate wirelessly with the terminal device 50.
- the ground station 20 is a kind of communication device. More specifically, the ground station 20 is a device corresponding to a radio base station (Base Station, Node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a radio access point (Access Point).
- the ground station 20 may be a wireless relay station. Further, the ground station 20 may be an optical overhanging device called RRH (Remote Radio Head) or RU (Radio Unit). Further, the ground station 20 may be a receiving station such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit). Further, the ground station 20 is an IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul) donor node or an IAB relay node that provides a wireless access line and a wireless backhaul line by time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, or spatial division multiplexing. May be good.
- IAB Integrated Access and Backhaul
- the wireless access technique used by the ground station 20 may be a cellular communication technique or a wireless LAN technique.
- the wireless access technique used by the ground station 20 is not limited to these, and may be another wireless access technique.
- the wireless access technique used by the ground station 20 may be an LPWA communication technique.
- the wireless communication used by the ground station 20 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves.
- the wireless communication used by the ground station 20 may be wireless communication using radio waves or wireless communication (optical radio) using infrared rays or visible light.
- the ground station 20 may be capable of NOMA (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access) communication with the terminal device 50.
- NOMA communication refers to communication (transmission, reception, or both) using non-orthogonal resources.
- the ground station 20 may be capable of NOMA communication with another ground station 20.
- the non-orthogonal resource is a resource having an axis different from that of the orthogonal resource (time, frequency, and space), and includes, for example, scramble, interleave, code (for example, diffusion code, sparse code, etc.), power difference, and the like. It is a radio resource that can separate different signals by using the above.
- the ground stations 20 may be able to communicate with each other via an interface between the base station and the core network (for example, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface may be wired or wireless. Further, the base stations may be able to communicate with each other via an interface between base stations (for example, X2 Interface, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface may be wired or wireless.
- the concept of a base station includes not only a donor base station but also a relay base station (also referred to as a relay station or a relay station). Further, the concept of a base station includes not only a structure having a function of a base station but also a device installed in the structure.
- Structures are, for example, high-rise buildings, houses, steel towers, station facilities, airport facilities, port facilities, office buildings, school buildings, hospitals, factories, commercial facilities, stadiums, and other buildings.
- the concept of structure includes not only buildings but also non-building structures such as tunnels, bridges, dams, walls, and iron pillars, and equipment such as cranes, gates, and windmills.
- the concept of structures includes not only structures on land (above ground in a narrow sense) or underground, but also structures on water such as piers and megafloats, and structures underwater such as marine observation facilities.
- a base station can be rephrased as an information processing device.
- the ground station 20 may be a donor station or a relay station (relay station). Further, the ground station 20 may be a fixed station or a mobile station.
- a mobile station is a wireless communication device (for example, a base station) configured to be mobile.
- the ground station 20 may be a device installed on the moving body or may be the moving body itself.
- a relay station having mobility can be regarded as a ground station 20 as a mobile station.
- a device such as a vehicle, a drone, or a smartphone, which is originally capable of moving and is equipped with a base station function (at least a part of the base station function), also falls under the ground station 20 as a mobile station.
- the mobile body may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone.
- the moving body may be a moving body (for example, a vehicle such as a car, a bicycle, a bus, a truck, a motorcycle, a train, a linear motor car, etc.) that moves on land (ground in a narrow sense), or under the ground (for example, a vehicle such as a motorcycle, a train, or a linear motor car).
- it may be a moving body (for example, a subway) moving in a tunnel.
- the moving body may be a moving body moving on water (for example, a ship such as a passenger ship, a cargo ship, or a hovercraft), or a moving body moving underwater (for example, a submarine, a submarine, an unmanned submarine, etc.). Submarine).
- the moving body may be a moving body (for example, an aircraft such as an airplane, an airship, or a drone) that moves in the atmosphere.
- a moving body for example, an aircraft such as an airplane, an airship, or a drone
- the ground station 20 may be a ground base station (ground station) installed on the ground.
- the ground station 20 may be a base station arranged on a structure on the ground, or may be a base station installed on a moving body moving on the ground.
- the ground station 20 may be an antenna installed in a structure such as a building and a signal processing device connected to the antenna.
- the ground station 20 may be a structure or a moving body itself. "Ground" is not only on land (ground in a narrow sense) but also on the ground in a broad sense including underground, water, and water.
- the ground station 20 is not limited to the ground base station.
- the ground station 20 may be an aircraft station. From the perspective of satellite stations, the aircraft stations located on Earth are ground stations.
- the size of the coverage of the ground station 20 may be from a large one such as a macro cell to a small one such as a pico cell. Of course, the size of the coverage of the ground station 20 may be extremely small, such as a femtocell. Further, the ground station 20 may have a beamforming capability. In this case, the ground station 20 may form a cell or a service area for each beam. Therefore, the ground station 20 is equipped with an antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna elements, and is configured to provide advanced antenna technology (Advanced Antenna Technology) represented by MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and beamforming. It may have been.
- advanced Antenna Technology represented by MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the ground station 20 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the ground station 20 includes a wireless communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, a control unit 23, and a network communication unit 24.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 11 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Further, the functions of the ground station 20 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 21 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (for example, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, terminal device 50, other ground station 20).
- the wireless communication unit 21 operates according to the control of the control unit 23.
- the wireless communication unit 21 corresponds to one or a plurality of wireless access methods.
- the wireless communication unit 21 supports both NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may support an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest).
- HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
- the wireless communication unit 21 includes a reception processing unit 211, a transmission processing unit 212, and an antenna 213.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may include a plurality of reception processing units 211, transmission processing units 212, and antennas 213, respectively.
- each unit of the wireless communication unit 21 may be individually configured for each wireless access method.
- the reception processing unit 211 and the transmission processing unit 212 may be individually configured by LTE and NR.
- the antenna 213 may be composed of a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of patch antennas).
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to be beamforming.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to enable polarization beamforming using vertically polarized waves (V polarization) and horizontally polarized waves (H polarization).
- the reception processing unit 211 processes the uplink signal received via the antenna 213. For example, the reception processing unit 211 down-converts the uplink signal, removes unnecessary frequency components, controls the amplification level, orthogonal demodulation, converts to a digital signal, removes the guard interval (cyclic prefix), and performs high speed. The frequency domain signal is extracted by Fourier transform. Then, the reception processing unit 211 separates uplink channels such as PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and uplink reference signals from the processed signals.
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- the reception processing unit 211 demodulates the received signal with respect to the modulation symbol of the uplink channel by using a modulation method such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) or QPSK (Quadrature Phase shift Keying).
- the modulation method used for demodulation may be 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, 256QAM, or 1024QAM.
- the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant.
- the constellation may be a non-uniform constellation (NUC: Non Uniform Constellation).
- the reception processing unit 211 performs decoding processing on the coded bits of the demodulated uplink channel.
- the decoded uplink data and uplink control information are output to the control unit 23.
- the transmission processing unit 212 performs downlink control information and downlink data transmission processing.
- the transmission processing unit 212 encodes the downlink control information and the downlink data input from the control unit 23 by using a coding method such as block coding, convolutional coding, or turbo coding.
- the transmission processing unit 212 modulates the coding bit by a predetermined modulation method such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM.
- BPSK, QPSK BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM.
- the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant.
- the constellation may be a non-uniform constellation (NUC).
- the transmission processing unit 212 multiplexes the modulation symbol of each channel and the downlink reference signal and arranges them in a predetermined resource element. Then, the transmission processing unit 212 performs various signal processing on the multiplexed signal. For example, the transmission processing unit 212 converts to the time domain by fast Fourier transform, adds a guard interval (cyclic prefix), generates a digital signal of the baseband, converts to an analog signal, orthogonal modulation, up-conversion, and extra. Performs processing such as removing frequency components and amplifying power. The signal generated by the transmission processing unit 212 is transmitted from the antenna 213.
- a guard interval cyclic prefix
- Antenna 213 is an antenna device (antenna unit) that mutually converts current and radio waves.
- the antenna 213 may be composed of one antenna element (for example, one patch antenna) or may be composed of a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of patch antennas).
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to be beamforming.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to generate a directivity beam by controlling the directivity of a radio signal using a plurality of antenna elements.
- the antenna 213 may be a dual polarization antenna.
- the radio communication unit 21 may use vertically polarization (V polarization) and horizontally polarization (H polarization) when transmitting a radio signal. Then, the radio communication unit 21 may control the directivity of the radio signal transmitted by using the vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave. Further, the wireless communication unit 21 may transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals via a plurality of layers composed of a plurality of antenna elements.
- the storage unit 22 is a storage device that can read and write data such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, and hard disk.
- the storage unit 22 functions as a storage means for the ground station 20.
- the control unit 23 is a controller that controls each unit of the ground station 20.
- the control unit 23 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU, MPU, or GPU.
- the control unit 23 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the ground station 20 with the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 23 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA.
- the CPU, MPU, GPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be regarded as controllers.
- the operation of the control unit 23 of the ground station 20 may be the same as the operation of the control unit 33 of the non-ground station 30.
- the operation of the control unit 33 of the non-ground station 30 may be the same as the operation of the control unit 23 of the ground station 20.
- the network communication unit 24 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices.
- the network communication unit 24 is, for example, a network interface.
- the network communication unit 24 is a LAN interface such as a NIC.
- the network communication unit 24 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface.
- the network communication unit 24 functions as a communication means of the relay station 40.
- the network communication unit 24 communicates with the management device 10, the relay station 40, and the like under the control of the control unit 23.
- the non-ground station 30 is a base station that provides the terminal device 50 with the function of a base station.
- the non-ground station 30 is a relay station that relays communication between the ground station 20 and the terminal device 50.
- the non-ground station 30 may be a satellite station or an aircraft station.
- a satellite station is a satellite station that can float outside the atmosphere.
- the satellite station may be a device mounted on a space moving body such as an artificial satellite, or may be a space moving body itself.
- a space moving body is a moving body that moves outside the atmosphere. Examples of space moving objects include artificial celestial bodies such as artificial satellites, spacecraft, space stations, and spacecraft.
- the satellites that serve as satellite stations are low orbit (LEO: Low Earth Orbiting) satellites, medium orbit (MEO: Medium Earth Orbiting) satellites, stationary (GEO: Geostationary Earth Orbiting) satellites, and high elliptical orbit (HEO: Highly Elliptical Orbiting). ) It may be any of the satellites.
- the satellite station may be a device mounted on a low earth orbit satellite, a medium earth orbit satellite, a geostationary satellite, or a high elliptical orbit satellite.
- the aircraft station is a wireless communication device that can float in the atmosphere, such as an aircraft.
- the aircraft station may be a device mounted on an aircraft or the like, or may be an aircraft itself.
- the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft such as airplanes and gliders, but also light aircraft such as balloons and airships.
- the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft and light aircraft, but also rotary-wing aircraft such as helicopters and autogyros.
- the aircraft station (or the aircraft on which the aircraft station is mounted) may be an unmanned aerial vehicle such as a drone.
- unmanned aerial vehicle also includes unmanned aerial vehicles (UAS: Unmanned Aircraft Systems) and tethered unmanned aerial vehicles (tethered UAS).
- UAS Unmanned Aircraft Systems
- tethered UAS tethered unmanned aerial vehicles
- unmanned aerial vehicle includes a light unmanned aerial vehicle system (LTA: Lighter than Air UAS) and a heavy unmanned aerial vehicle system (HTA: Heavier than Air UAS).
- HAPs High Altitude UAS Platforms
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the non-ground station 30 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the non-ground station 30 includes a wireless communication unit 31, a storage unit 32, and a control unit 33.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 12 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Further, the functions of the non-ground station 30 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 31 is a wireless communication interface that wirelessly communicates with other wireless communication devices (for example, a ground station 20, a relay station 40, a terminal device 50, and another non-ground station 30).
- the wireless communication unit 31 corresponds to one or a plurality of wireless access methods.
- the wireless communication unit 31 corresponds to both NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 31 may support W-CDMA and cdma3000 in addition to NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 31 includes a reception processing unit 311, a transmission processing unit 312, and an antenna 313.
- the wireless communication unit 31 may include a plurality of reception processing units 311 and transmission processing units 312, and a plurality of antennas 313, respectively.
- each unit of the wireless communication unit 31 may be individually configured for each wireless access method.
- the reception processing unit 311 and the transmission processing unit 312 may be individually configured by LTE and NR.
- the configuration of the reception processing unit 311, the transmission processing unit 312, and the antenna 313 is the same as the configuration of the reception processing unit 311, the transmission processing unit 312, and the antenna 313 described above.
- the wireless communication unit 31 may be configured to be beamforming, similarly to the wireless communication unit 21. Further, the wireless communication unit 31 may be configured to be able to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similarly to the wireless communication unit 21.
- the storage unit 32 is a storage device that can read and write data such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, and hard disk.
- the storage unit 32 functions as a storage means for the non-ground station 30.
- the control unit 33 is a controller that controls each unit of the non-ground station 30.
- the control unit 33 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU, MPU, or GPU.
- the control unit 33 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the non-ground station 30 with the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 33 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA.
- the CPU, MPU, GPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be regarded as controllers.
- the control unit 33 includes an acquisition unit 331 and a communication control unit 332.
- Each block (acquisition unit 331 to communication control unit 332) constituting the control unit 33 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 33, respectively.
- These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks.
- each of the above-mentioned functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die).
- each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit.
- the control unit 33 may be configured in a functional unit different from the above-mentioned functional block. The method of configuring the functional block is arbitrary. The operation of each functional block will be described later.
- At least one of the ground station 20 and the non-ground station 30 can operate as a base station.
- the base station will be described below.
- the concept of a base station may consist of a set of multiple physical or logical devices.
- the base station is classified into a plurality of devices of BBU (Baseband Unit) and RU (Radio Unit), and may be interpreted as an aggregate of these plurality of devices.
- BBU Baseband Unit
- RU Radio Unit
- the base station may be either or both of BBU and RU.
- the BBU and RU may be connected by a predetermined interface (for example, eCPRI). Further or instead, the RU may be referred to as an RRU (Remote Radio Unit) or an RD (Radio DoT). Further or instead, the RU may correspond to gNB-DU (gNB Distributed Unit) described later. Further or instead, the BBU may correspond to gNB-CU (gNB Central Unit) described later. Further or instead, the RU may be a wireless device connected to the gNB-DU described later. The gNB-CU, gNB-DU, and RU connected to the gNB-DU may be configured to comply with O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network). Further or instead, the RU may be a device integrally formed with the antenna.
- O-RAN Open Radio Access Network
- the antenna of the base station may adopt the Advanced Antenna System and support MIMO (for example, FD-MIMO) or beamforming.
- the antenna device is a layer 1 (Physical layer)
- the advanced antenna system is an antenna possessed by the base station (for example, an antenna integrally formed with the RU), for example, 64 transmitting antenna ports and 64. It may have a number of receiving antenna ports.
- the antenna mounted on the RU may be an antenna panel composed of one or more antenna elements, and the RU may mount one or more antenna panels.
- the RU has two types of antenna panels, a horizontally polarized antenna panel and a vertically polarized antenna panel, or two types of antenna panels, a right-handed circularly polarized antenna panel and a left-handed circularly polarized antenna panel. It may be installed. Further, the RU may form and control an independent beam for each antenna panel.
- a plurality of base stations may be connected to each other.
- One or more base stations may be included in a radio access network (RAN: Radio Access Network). That is, the base station may be simply referred to as a RAN, a RAN node, an AN (Access Network), or an AN node.
- RAN in LTE is called EUTRAN (Enhanced Universal Terrestrial RAN).
- RAN in NR is called NGRAN.
- RAN in W-CDMA (UMTS) is called UTRAN.
- LTE base stations are sometimes referred to as eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB. That is, EUTRAN includes one or more eNodeBs (eNBs). Further, the base station of NR may be referred to as gNodeB or gNB. That is, NGRAN contains one or more gNBs. Further, the EUTRAN may include a gNB (en-gNB) connected to a core network (EPC) in the LTE communication system (EPS). Similarly, the NGRAN may include an ng-eNB connected to the core network 5GC in a 5G communication system (5GS).
- EPC core network
- EPS LTE communication system
- 5GS 5G communication system
- the base station When the base station is eNB, gNB, etc., the base station may be referred to as 3GPP Access (3GPP Access). When the base station is a wireless access point (Access Point), the base station may be referred to as non-3GPP access (Non-3GPP Access).
- 3GPP Access 3GPP Access
- Non-3GPP Access non-3GPP access
- the base station may be an optical overhanging device called RRH (Remote Radio Head) or RU (Radio Unit).
- RRH Remote Radio Head
- RU Radio Unit
- the base station may be a combination of the above-mentioned gNB CU (Central Unit) and gNB DU (Distributed Unit), or any one of them.
- the gNB CU hosts a plurality of upper layers (e.g. RRC, SDAP, PDCP) among the access layers (Access Stratum) for communication with the UE.
- gNB-DU hosts a plurality of lower layers (e.g. RLC, MAC, PHY) among the access layers. That is, some of the above-mentioned or later-described messages / information are generated by gNB CU as RRC signaling (quasi-static notification), and the rest are gNB-DU as MAC CE or DCI (dynamic notification). May be generated by.
- RRC configurations (part of the messages / information described above or below), such as IE: cellGroupConfig, are generated by gNB-DU and the rest.
- the configuration may be generated by gNB-CU. These configurations may be transmitted and received by the F1 interface described later.
- the base station may be configured to be able to communicate with other base stations.
- the base stations may be connected by an X2 interface.
- the devices may be connected by an Xn interface.
- the devices may be connected by the F1 interface described above.
- the message information (RRC signaling (RRC signaling), MAC CE (MAC Control Element), or DCI information) described later may be communicated between a plurality of base stations (for example, via the X2, Xn, and F1 interfaces). ..
- ground and non-ground stations are both gNB or eNB combinations, or one gNB and one eNB combination, or one gNB-CU and the other gNB.
- -A combination of DU may be used. That is, when the non-ground station is gNB and the ground station is eNB, the gNB of the non-ground station (satellite station) is connected mobility (handover) or dual by coordination with the eNB of the ground station (for example, X2 signaling, Xn signaling). Connectivity may be implemented.
- the non-ground station is gNB-DU and the ground station is gNB-CU
- the non-ground station (satellite station) gNB-DU is coordinated with the ground station gNB-CU (for example, F1 signaling). ) May construct a logical gNB.
- the cell provided by the base station is called a serving cell.
- Serving cells include PCell (Primary Cell) and SCell (Secondary Cell).
- PCell Primary Cell
- SCell Secondary Cell
- dual connectivity includes EUTRA-EUTRA Dual Connectivity, EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (ENDC), EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity with 5GC, NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NEDC), NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NNDC). ..
- the serving cell may include a PSCell (Primary Secondary Cell or Primary SCG Cell). That is, when dual connectivity is set in the UE, the PSCell provided by the SN (Secondary Node) and zero or one or more SCells may be referred to as SCG (Secondary Cell Group).
- PSCell Primary Secondary Cell or Primary SCG Cell
- the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) is transmitted by PCell and PSCell, but not by SCell.
- PUCCH physical uplink control channel
- wireless link failure Radio Link Failure
- PCell and PSCell have a special role in the serving cell in this way, they are also called SpCell (Special Cell).
- One downlink component carrier (Downlink Component Carrier) and one uplink component carrier (Uplink Component Carrier) may be associated with one cell.
- the system bandwidth corresponding to one cell may be divided into a plurality of bandwidth parts (BWP: Bandwidth Part).
- BWP Bandwidth Part
- one or a plurality of BWPs may be set in the UE, and one BWP may be used in the UE as an active BWP (Active BWP).
- the radio resources for example, frequency band, numerology (subcarrier spacing), slot format (Slot configuration) that can be used by the terminal device 50 may be different for each cell, each component carrier, or each BWP.
- the relay station 40 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with other communication devices such as the management device 10, the ground station 20, the non-ground station 30, and the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 relays the communication between the non-ground station 30 and the terrestrial communication device (for example, the management device 10, the ground station 20, or the terminal device 50).
- the relay station 40 of the present embodiment is, for example, a layer 3 relay, which is different from the conventional layer 1 relay that only amplifies the received RF signal.
- the layer 3 relay is a relay that can decode up to layer 3.
- the relay station 40 may be a smart repeater. Unlike conventional layer 1 relays, smart repeaters are relays that can also control the physical layer (PHY) and the like.
- PHY physical layer
- the description of the relay station appearing in the following description can be replaced with other description indicating the relay station such as a relay and a relay device.
- the relay station 40 may be a fixed device, a movable device, or a floating device. Further, the size of the coverage of the relay station 40 is not limited to a specific size. For example, the cell covered by the relay station 40 may be a macro cell, a micro cell, or a small cell. Of course, the size of the coverage of the relay station 40 may be extremely small, such as a femtocell. Further, the relay station 40 may have a beamforming capability. In this case, the relay station 40 may form a cell or a service area for each beam.
- the relay station 40 is not limited to the device to be mounted as long as the relay function is satisfied.
- the relay station 40 may be mounted on a terminal device such as a smartphone, may be mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, a train, or a rickshaw, or may be mounted on a vehicle (floating body) such as an air conditioner, an airplane, or a drone. It may be installed in equipment such as traffic lights, signs, and street lights, or it may be installed in home appliances such as televisions, game machines, air conditioners, refrigerators, and lighting fixtures. Further, the relay station may be provided on the outer wall of the building (for example, a building). By providing the outer wall of the building, even if there is a shield between the base station and the terminal device, the signal from the base station can be transferred by the relay station provided on the outer wall of the building and reach the terminal device.
- the relay station 40 may be a device installed on the mobile body or the mobile body itself, like the base station described above.
- the mobile body may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone.
- the moving body may be a moving body that moves on land (ground in a narrow sense) or may be a moving body that moves in the ground.
- the moving body may be a moving body that moves on the water or may be a moving body that moves in the water.
- the moving body may be a moving body moving in the atmosphere or a moving body moving out of the atmosphere.
- the relay station 40 may be a ground station device or a non-ground station device. At this time, the relay station 40 may be an aircraft station or a satellite station.
- the relay station 40 may be an aviation station or an earth station.
- the Civil Aviation Bureau is a radio station installed on the ground or on a moving body moving on the ground in order to communicate with the aircraft station.
- the earth station is a radio station located on the earth (including the air) in order to communicate with the satellite station (space station).
- the earth station may be a large earth station or a small earth station such as VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal).
- the earth station may be a VSAT controlled earth station (also referred to as a master station or a HUB station) or a VSAT earth station (also referred to as a slave station). Further, the earth station may be a radio station installed in a moving body moving on the ground. For example, as an earth station mounted on a ship, an onboard earth station (ESV: Earth Stations on board Vessels) can be mentioned. In addition, the earth station may include an aircraft earth station installed on an aircraft (including a helicopter) and communicating with a satellite station. Further, the earth station may include an aviation earth station which is installed on a moving body moving on the ground and communicates with an aircraft earth station via a satellite station.
- ESV Earth Stations on board Vessels
- the relay station 40 may be a portable mobile radio station that communicates with a satellite station or an aircraft station.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the relay station 40 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the relay station 40 includes a wireless communication unit 41, a storage unit 42, a control unit 43, and a network communication unit 44.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 13 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Further, the functions of the relay station 40 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 41 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (for example, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, terminal device 50, other relay station 40).
- the wireless communication unit 41 operates according to the control of the control unit 43.
- the wireless communication unit 41 includes a reception processing unit 411, a transmission processing unit 412, and an antenna 413.
- the configuration of the wireless communication unit 41, the reception processing unit 411, the transmission processing unit 412, and the antenna 413 may be the same as the wireless communication unit 21, the reception processing unit 211, the transmission processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 of the ground station 20. ..
- the wireless communication unit 41 may be configured to be beamforming like the wireless communication unit 21.
- the wireless communication unit 41 may be configured to be able to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similarly to the wireless communication unit 21.
- the storage unit 42 is a storage device that can read and write data such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, and hard disk.
- the storage unit 42 functions as a storage means for the relay station 40.
- the control unit 43 is a controller that controls each unit of the relay station 40.
- the control unit 43 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU, MPU, or GPU.
- the control unit 43 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the relay station 40 using the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 43 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA.
- the CPU, MPU, GPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be regarded as controllers.
- the operation of the control unit 43 of the relay station 40 may be the same as the operation of the control unit 23 of the ground station 20 or the control unit 33 of the non-ground station 30.
- the operation of the control unit 23 of the ground station 20 or the control unit 33 of the non-ground station 30 may be the same as the operation of the control unit 43 of the relay station 40.
- the network communication unit 44 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices.
- the network communication unit 44 is, for example, a network interface.
- the network communication unit 44 is a LAN interface such as a NIC.
- the network communication unit 44 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface.
- the network communication unit 44 functions as a communication means of the relay station 40.
- the network communication unit 44 communicates with the management device 10, the ground station 20, and the like under the control of the control unit 43.
- the terminal device 50 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with other communication devices such as the ground station 20 and the non-ground station 30.
- the terminal device 50 is, for example, a mobile phone, a smart device (smartphone or tablet), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), or a personal computer.
- the terminal device 50 may be a device such as a commercial camera provided with a communication function, or may be a motorcycle, a mobile relay vehicle, or the like equipped with a communication device such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit). ..
- the terminal device 50 may be an M2M (Machine to Machine) device or an IoT (Internet of Things) device.
- the terminal device 50 may be capable of NOMA communication with the ground station 20. Further, the terminal device 50 may be able to use an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ when communicating with the ground station 20.
- the terminal device 50 may be capable of side link communication with another terminal device 50.
- the terminal device 50 may be able to use an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ even when performing side link communication.
- the terminal device 50 may also be capable of NOMA communication in communication (side link) with another terminal device 50.
- the terminal device 50 may be capable of LPWA communication with other communication devices (for example, the ground station 20 and the other terminal device 50).
- the wireless communication used by the terminal device 50 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves.
- the wireless communication (including side link communication) used by the terminal device 50 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical radio). good.
- the terminal device 50 may be a mobile device.
- the mobile device is a mobile wireless communication device.
- the terminal device 50 may be a wireless communication device installed on the mobile body or may be the mobile body itself.
- the terminal device 50 is mounted on a vehicle (Vehicle) that moves on a road such as an automobile, a bus, a truck, or a motorcycle, a vehicle that moves on a rail installed on a track such as a train, or the vehicle. It may be a wireless communication device.
- the moving body may be a mobile terminal, or may be a moving body that moves on land (ground in a narrow sense), in the ground, on the water, or in the water. Further, the moving body may be a moving body that moves in the atmosphere such as a drone or a helicopter, or may be a moving body that moves outside the atmosphere such as an artificial satellite.
- the terminal device 50 may be connected to a plurality of base stations or a plurality of cells at the same time to perform communication. For example, when one base station supports a communication area via a plurality of cells (for example, pCell, sCell), carrier aggregation (CA: Carrier Aggregation) technology or dual connectivity (DC: Dual Connectivity) technology, By the multi-connectivity (MC) technology, it is possible to bundle the plurality of cells and communicate with the ground station 20 and the terminal device 50. Alternatively, the terminal device 50 and the plurality of ground stations 20 can communicate with each other via the cells of different ground stations 20 by the coordinated transmission / reception (CoMP: Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission and Reception) technology.
- CoMP Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission and Reception
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the terminal device 50 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the terminal device 50 includes a wireless communication unit 51, a storage unit 52, and a control unit 53.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Further, the functions of the terminal device 50 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 51 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (for example, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, and other terminal device 50).
- the wireless communication unit 51 operates according to the control of the control unit 53.
- the wireless communication unit 51 includes a reception processing unit 511, a transmission processing unit 512, and an antenna 513.
- the configuration of the wireless communication unit 51, the reception processing unit 511, the transmission processing unit 512, and the antenna 513 may be the same as the wireless communication unit 21, the reception processing unit 211, the transmission processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 of the ground station 20. ..
- the wireless communication unit 51 may be configured to be beamforming like the wireless communication unit 21.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may be configured to be able to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similarly to the wireless communication unit 21.
- the storage unit 52 is a storage device that can read and write data such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, and hard disk.
- the storage unit 52 functions as a storage means for the terminal device 50.
- the control unit 53 is a controller that controls each unit of the terminal device 50.
- the control unit 53 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU, MPU, or GPU.
- the control unit 53 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the terminal device 50 with the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 53 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA.
- the CPU, MPU, GPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be regarded as controllers.
- the control unit 53 includes an acquisition unit 531 and a communication control unit 532.
- Each block (acquisition unit 531 to communication control unit 532) constituting the control unit 53 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 53, respectively.
- These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks.
- each of the above-mentioned functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die).
- each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit.
- the control unit 53 may be configured in a functional unit different from the above-mentioned functional block. The method of configuring the functional block is arbitrary. The operation of each functional block will be described later.
- the communication system 1 is a communication system in which communication between the non-ground station 30 and the terminal device 50 is a uni-directional relay communication.
- the non-ground station 30 and the terminal device 50 can perform retransmission processing by E2E (End-to-End).
- the non-ground station 30 has at least a HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40 and a HARQ ID for communication between the non-ground station 30 and the relay station 40.
- the HARQ ID is, for example, a HARQ process ID. Then, the non-ground station 30 uses the HARQ ID of the E2E to perform one-way relay communication with the terminal device 50.
- end-to-end retransmission processing can be performed in the PHY layer and the MAC layer even in an environment in which HARQ between the non-ground station 30 and the relay station 40 is disabled (Disable). Further, since the terminal device 50 or the non-ground station 30 can quickly know the success / failure of communication without going through the relay station, the retransmission process can be executed quickly. As a result, the delay related to the retransmission process is reduced, so that the communication system 1 can realize high communication performance.
- the communication system 1 performs one-way relay communication between the base station and the terminal device 50.
- the base station in the following description can be replaced with a non-ground station 30 (non-ground base station) operating as a communication device. Further, the base station in the following description can be replaced with the ground station 20 (ground base station). That is, this technique can be applied not only to communication between the non-ground station 30 and the terminal device 50, but also to communication between the ground station 20 and the terminal device 50.
- the resources are, for example, Frequency, Time, Resource Element (including REG, CCE, CORESET), Resource Block, Bandwidth Part, Component Carrier, Symbol, Sub-Symbol, Slot, Mini-Slot, Subslot. , Subframe, Frame, PRACH occurrence, Occasion, Code, Multi-access physical resource, Multi-access signature, or Subcarrier Spacing (Numerology).
- resources are not limited to these examples.
- the operation of the communication system 1 will be described in detail below.
- the operation of the communication system 1 is roughly divided into an operation in the case of an uplink one-way relay and an operation in the case of a downlink one-way relay.
- Uplink one-way relay > First, the operation of the communication system 1 in the case of the uplink one-way relay will be described.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an uplink one-way relay.
- the uplink one-way relay is a one-way relay that uses the uplink for relay communication and the downlink for direct communication.
- the base station is the non-ground station 30, but it may be the ground station 20.
- Uplink data transmission First, the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay will be described. The operation of uplink data transmission is divided into the following (A1) to (A6). The base station, the relay station 40, or the terminal device 50 sequentially executes the operations shown in the above (A1) to (A6).
- A1 Disable HARQ between the base station and the relay station 40.
- A2) Notification of uplink grant from relay station 40 to terminal device 50
- A3) Transmission of uplink data from terminal device 50 to relay station 40
- A4) Response from relay station 40 to terminal device 50
- A5) Relay transmission of uplink data from the relay station 40 to the base station
- A6) Transmission of response data from the base station to the terminal device 50
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 that ACK / NACK is invalidated (Disable). That is, the base station may notify the relay station 40 that it does not respond to ACK / NACK.
- the ACK / NACK here is the ACK / NACK related to the HARQ ID in the link between the base station and the relay station 40. Invalidation of ACK / NACK may be rephrased as invalidation of HARQ. Further, it may be determined in advance under predetermined conditions that the ACK / NACK between the base station and the relay station 40 is disabled.
- the base station When the base station notifies that the ACK / NACK is invalid, the base station does not respond to the relay station 40 with the ACK / NACK even if the relay station 40 transmits uplink data. In this case, the relay station 40 may delete the uplink data from the buffer after relay-transmitting the uplink data from the terminal device 50 to the base station. The buffer overflow can be prevented even when a plurality of uplink data from the terminal device 50 are relay-transmitted.
- the ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 may be enabled (Enable) or disabled (Disable).
- ACK / NACK from the base station to the terminal device 50 that is, ACK / NACK of E2E is enabled.
- the relay station 40 notifies the terminal device 50 of the uplink grant for transmitting uplink data.
- the terminal device 50 may transmit a scheduling request to the relay station 40 in order to transmit uplink data.
- the uplink grant may include information about the HARQ ID used in the E2E retransmission process.
- the HARQ ID used in the E2E retransmission process may be determined based on the information that the relay station 40 has acquired in advance from the base station.
- the HARQ ID used in the E2E retransmission process may be referred to as the E2E HARQ ID.
- the information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E does not have to be the HARQ ID of E2E itself as long as the terminal device 50 can finally identify the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the relay station 40 may explicitly notify the terminal device 50 of the HARQ ID of E2E acquired in advance from the base station by using, for example, a downlink control signal (DCI: Downlink Control Information). Further, the relay station 40 may implicitly notify the terminal device 50 of the HARQ ID of E2E.
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- the terminal device 50 transmits the uplink data to the relay station 40 based on the uplink grant.
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data using the HARQ ID of E2E notified from the relay station 40.
- (A4) Response from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50 When the uplink data is received from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 transmits ACK / NACK to the terminal device 50. Alternatively, the relay station 40 notifies the terminal device 50 of the uplink grant for retransmission.
- the relay station 40 does not notify the terminal device 50 of the ACK / NACK or the uplink grant for retransmission. May be good.
- the terminal device 50 When the terminal device 50 receives the NACK from the relay station 40, the terminal device 50 retransmits the NACK. On the other hand, when the terminal device 50 receives the ACK from the relay station 40, it determines that the transmission to the relay station 40 is successful. At this time, the relay station 40 does not use the same HARQ ID between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40 until the data transmission is completed by E2E. Further, the terminal device 50 may not delete the transmission data of the HARQ ID until the data transmission is completed by E2E.
- the relay station 40 transmits the uplink data received from the terminal device 50 to the base station.
- the relay station 40 may send a scheduling request to the base station to request resources for uplink data transmission.
- the base station may transmit an uplink data transmission grant to the relay station 40.
- the relay station 40 relays the received uplink data to the base station according to the notified uplink data transmission grant information.
- the HARQ ID used by the relay station 40 for relay transmission may be a HARQ ID different from the HARQ ID of E2E.
- a HARQ ID different from the HARQ ID of E2E it is possible to improve the flexibility of the HARQ ID used by the relay station 40 for uplink data transmission. For example, even if the HARQ ID of E2E received from one of the plurality of terminal devices 50 and the HARQ ID of E2E received from the other terminal device 50 are the same ID, the relay station 40 does not depend on this ID. It is possible to use different IDs for each uplink data transmission.
- the HARQ ID used by the relay station 40 for communication with the base station may be the HARQ ID of E2E used in the E2E retransmission process. That is, the relay station 40 may relay the uplink data using the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the relay station 40 may notify the base station of the HARQ ID for E2E retransmission processing.
- the base station transmits ACK / NACK to the terminal device 50 by direct communication.
- the base station transmits an uplink grant for retransmission to the terminal device 50 by direct communication.
- the base station may notify the terminal device 50 in advance which E2E HARQ ID the ACK / NACK corresponds to. Which E2E HARQ ID corresponds to ACK / NACK may be determined in advance under predetermined conditions. From this, it can be seen that the terminal device 50 has correctly transmitted the data to the base station.
- the relay station 40 needs to know that the HARQ ID for E2E retransmission processing has been correctly transmitted to the base station.
- the methods shown in (A6-1) and (A6-2) below can be considered.
- the relay station 40 also receives the ACK / NACK information transmitted from the base station to the terminal device 50.
- the terminal device 50 that has received the information regarding ACK / NACK notifies the relay station 40 of the information regarding ACK / NACK. At this time, the terminal device 50 may notify the relay station 40 of information regarding ACK / NACK by using a predetermined resource for ACK / NACK transmission. Further, the terminal device 50 may transmit information regarding ACK / NACK to the relay station 40 together with the scheduling request (Scheduling Request).
- the terminal device 50 may notify the relay station 40 of information regarding initial transmission or retransmission such as a new data indicator (New Data Indicator) instead of information regarding ACK / NACK.
- the terminal device 50 may notify the relay station 40 of HARQ ID information instead of the information regarding ACK / NACK.
- the scheduling request is a scheduling request that requests an uplink grant for the first transmission of the next data when the terminal device 50 receives an ACK from the base station. Further, the scheduling request is a scheduling request requesting an uplink grant for retransmission when the terminal device 50 receives NACK.
- FIG. 16 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay.
- the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay will be described with reference to FIG.
- the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 receive the synchronization signal and the system information from the base station (step S101). Further, the terminal device 50 receives the synchronization signal and the system information from the relay station 40 (step S102). Then, the base station, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 each execute a random access procedure (steps S103A and S103B).
- the terminal device 50 transmits its own capability information (hereinafter referred to as terminal capability information) to the relay station 40 (step S104A).
- the relay station 40 transmits the terminal capability information to the base station (step S104B).
- the base station notifies the relay station 40 of the quasi-static control information (step S105A). Then, the relay station 40 transmits the quasi-static control information to the terminal device 50 (step S105B).
- the quasi-static control information may include the information described in (A1) above. That is, the quasi-static information may include a notification to disable ACK / NACK of the link between the base station and the relay station 40. The quasi-static information may include a notification to enable or disable ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50.
- the terminal device 50 transmits a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state to the relay station 40 (step S106). For example, the terminal device 50 transmits SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) as a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state. Subsequently, the terminal device 50 transmits an uplink scheduling request to the relay station 40 (step S107).
- SRS Sounding Reference Signal
- the relay station 40 When the relay station 40 receives the uplink scheduling request from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S108).
- the acquisition unit 531 of the terminal device 50 acquires the downlink control signal from the relay station 40.
- the downlink control signal may include the information described in (A2) above. That is, the downlink control signal may include uplink grant information for the terminal device 50 to transmit uplink data.
- the uplink grant may include information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data to the relay station 40 (step S109).
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data via PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel).
- the communication control unit 532 of the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data using the HARQ ID of E2E as described in (A3) above.
- the relay station 40 When the relay station 40 receives the uplink data from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 responds to the terminal device 50. For example, the relay station 40 transmits an uplink grant for ACK / NACK or retransmission to the terminal device 50 as described in (A4) above (step S110). Even when the terminal device 50 receives the ACK from the relay station 40, the terminal device 50 transmits the uplink data transmitted to the relay station 40 until the transmission of E2E is completed (for example, until the ACK is received in step S116 described later). You may not want to clear it from the buffer.
- the relay station 40 transmits a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state to the base station (step S111). For example, the relay station 40 transmits SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) as a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state. Subsequently, the relay station 40 transmits an uplink scheduling request to the base station (step S112).
- SRS Sounding Reference Signal
- the base station When the base station receives the uplink scheduling request from the relay station 40, the base station transmits a downlink control signal to the relay station 40 (step S113).
- the downlink control signal may include uplink grant information for the relay station 40 to transmit uplink data.
- the relay station 40 transmits uplink data to the base station (step S109).
- the relay station 40 transmits uplink data via PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel).
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- the relay station 40 may transmit uplink data using a HARQ ID different from the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the relay station 40 may delete the uplink data from the buffer (step S115).
- the base station When the base station receives the uplink data from the relay station 40, it responds to the terminal device 50. For example, as described in (A6) above, the base station transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E or uplink grant for retransmission to the terminal device 50 (step S116). If the base station is the non-ground station 30, this response is performed, for example, by the communication control unit 332 of the non-ground station 30.
- the terminal device 50 can quickly know the success / failure of communication without going through the relay station 40, so that the retransmission process can be executed quickly. As a result, the delay related to the retransmission process is reduced, so that the communication system 1 can realize high communication performance.
- Downlink data transmission > Next, the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay will be described.
- the operation of downlink data transmission is divided into the following (B1) to (B5).
- the base station, relay station 40, or terminal device 50 sequentially executes the operations shown in (B1) to (B5) above.
- (B1) Disable HARQ between the terminal device 50 and the base station.
- (B2) Transmission of downlink control signal from the base station to the terminal device 50 (B3) Transmission of downlink data from the base station to the terminal device 50 (B4) Transmission of response data from the terminal device 50 to the relay station 40 (B4) B5) Relay transmission of response data from the relay station 40 to the base station
- (B1) Disable HARQ between the terminal device 50 and the base station may notify the terminal device 50 to disable ACK / NACK using the direct link between the terminal device 50 and the base station. When this Disable notification is given, the terminal device 50 does not perform ACK / NACK transmission using the direct link to the base station. That is, in order to transmit ACK / NACK to the downlink data from the base station, the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK via the relay station 40.
- this invalidation is invalidation (Disable) of ACK / NACK of the direct link between the base station and the terminal device 50, and does not invalidate (Disable) ACK / NACK of E2E. do.
- ACK / NACK of the link between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 and between the relay station 40 and the base station is enabled. That is, ACK / NACK of E2E via the relay station 40 is enabled.
- the base station transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50.
- the downlink control signal may include information about the HARQ ID of the E2E.
- the HARQ ID of E2E is the HARQ ID used in the E2E retransmission process.
- the terminal device 50 acquires information on the HARQ ID of the E2E from the base station in advance.
- the information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E does not have to be the HARQ ID of E2E itself as long as the terminal device 50 can finally identify the HARQ ID of E2E. Further, the base station may explicitly notify the terminal device 50 of the HARQ ID of E2E, or may implicitly notify the terminal device 50.
- (B3) Transmission of downlink data from the base station to the terminal device 50 Subsequently, the base station transmits downlink data to the terminal device 50 by direct communication. Here, the base station transmits downlink data with the HARQ ID of E2E notified to the terminal device 50.
- the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the relay station 40.
- Information about the resource for transmitting this ACK / NACK may be notified by the base station to the terminal device 50 by a direct link.
- the relay station 40 may notify the terminal device 50 of the information regarding the resource for transmitting the ACK / NACK. In this case, the terminal device 50 may transmit a scheduling request for ACK / NACK transmission to the relay station 40.
- (B5) Relay transmission of response data from the relay station 40 to the base station.
- the relay station 40 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the base station.
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 of the information regarding the resource for transmitting the ACK / NACK.
- the relay station 40 may transmit a scheduling request for ACK / NACK transmission to the base station.
- FIG. 17 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay.
- the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the uplink one-way relay will be described with reference to FIG.
- the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 receive the synchronization signal and the system information from the base station (step S201). Further, the terminal device 50 receives the synchronization signal and the system information from the relay station 40 (step S202). Then, the base station, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 each execute a random access procedure (steps S203A and S203B).
- the terminal device 50 transmits its own capability information (hereinafter referred to as terminal capability information) to the relay station 40 (step S204A).
- the relay station 40 transmits the terminal capability information to the base station (step S204B).
- the base station notifies the relay station 40 of the quasi-static control information (step S205A). Then, the relay station 40 transmits the quasi-static control information to the terminal device 50 (step S205B).
- the quasi-static control information may include the information described in (B1) above. That is, the quasi-static information may include a notification to disable ACK / NACK of the link between the base station and the relay station 40. The quasi-static information may include a notification to enable or disable ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50.
- the base station transmits a reference signal for estimating the downlink channel state to the terminal device 50 (step S206).
- the base station transmits CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal) as a reference signal for estimating the downlink channel state.
- the terminal device 50 transmits downlink channel state feedback to the relay station 40 (step S207).
- the relay station 40 transmits the downlink channel state feedback to the base station (step SS208).
- the downlink channel state feedback is, for example, CSI feedback (Channel State Information Feedback).
- the base station When the base station receives feedback from the terminal device 50, it transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S209).
- the downlink control signal may include the information described in (B2) above. That is, the downlink control signal may include information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the acquisition unit 531 of the terminal device 50 receives a downlink control signal including information regarding the HARQ ID of the E2E from the base station.
- the base station transmits downlink data to the terminal device 50 (step S210).
- the base station transmits downlink data via PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel).
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- the base station transmits downlink data using the HARQ ID of E2E. If the base station is the non-ground station 30, the uplink data is transmitted, for example, by the communication control unit 332 of the non-ground station 30.
- the relay station 40 transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S211).
- the downlink control signal may include information about resources for the terminal device 50 to transmit ACK / NACK.
- the base station may notify the terminal device 50 of information about this resource by a direct link.
- the terminal device 50 responds to the downlink data to the relay station 40 (step S212). For example, the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the relay station 40 as described in (B4) above.
- the base station transmits a downlink control signal to the relay station 40 (step S213).
- the downlink control signal may include information about resources for the relay station 40 to transmit ACK / NACK.
- the relay station 40 transfers the response from the terminal device 50 to the base station (step S214). For example, the relay station 40 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the base station as described in (B5) above.
- the terminal device 50 can reliably transmit a response to downlink data by direct communication from the base station to the base station via the relay station 40.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a downlink one-way relay.
- the downlink one-way relay is a one-way relay that uses the downlink for relay communication and the uplink for direct communication.
- the base station is the non-ground station 30, but it may be the ground station 20.
- the downlink one-way relay shown below is advantageous when transmitting emergency data on the uplink. Specifically, as compared with the case where the uplink is transmitted via the relay station 40, the transmission delay is reduced because the uplink is direct communication from the terminal device 50 to the base station.
- Downlink data transmission > First, the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay will be described. The operation of downlink data transmission is divided into the following (C1) to (C7). The base station, relay station 40, or terminal device 50 sequentially executes the operations shown in (C1) to (C7) above.
- (C1) Disable HARQ between the base station and the relay station 40.
- (C2) Transmission of downlink control signal from the base station to the relay station 40
- (C3) Transmission of downlink data from the base station to the relay station 40
- (C4) Transmission of the downlink control signal from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50
- Transmission (C5) Relay transmission of downlink data from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50
- (C6) Transmission of response data from the terminal device 50 to the relay station 40 (C7) Response from the terminal device 50 to the base station by direct communication Send data
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 that ACK / NACK is invalidated (Disable).
- the ACK / NACK here is the ACK / NACK related to the HARQ ID in the link between the base station and the relay station 40.
- invalidation of ACK / NACK may be paraphrased as invalidation of HARQ.
- the relay station 40 receives the notification of invalidity of ACK / NACK, the relay station 40 does not respond to the base station with ACK / NACK even if the downlink data is transmitted from the base station.
- ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 may be enabled (Enable) or disabled (Disable).
- ACK / NACK from the terminal device 50 to the base station that is, ACK / NACK of E2E is enabled.
- the downlink control signal may include information about the HARQ ID of the E2E.
- the HARQ ID of E2E is the HARQ ID used in the E2E retransmission process.
- the relay station 40 acquires information on the HARQ ID of the E2E from the base station in advance.
- the information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E does not have to be the HARQ ID of E2E itself as long as the relay station 40 can finally identify the HARQ ID of E2E. Further, the base station may explicitly notify the relay station 40 of the HARQ ID of the E2E, or may implicitly notify the relay station 40.
- the base station does not use the same HARQ ID between the base station and the relay station 40 until the data transmission in E2E is completed. However, in the case of data transmission to another terminal device 50, the same HARQ ID can be used. The base station may not delete the transmission data of the HARQ ID until the data transmission is completed by E2E.
- the downlink control signal includes information regarding the HARQ ID of the E2E received from the base station.
- the downlink control signal may include information about the HARQ ID, which is different from the HARQ ID of the E2E.
- (C5) Relay transmission of downlink data from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50
- the relay station 40 relays the downlink data received from the base station to the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 relays the downlink data received from the base station to the terminal device 50 according to the downlink control information transmitted to the terminal device 50.
- the HARQ ID used by the relay station 40 for relay transmission is a HARQ ID different from the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the relay station 40 may relay-transmit the HARQ ID of the E2E to the terminal device 50 in addition to the relay transmission of the downlink data.
- the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK to the relay station 40. If the ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 is invalid (Disable), the terminal device 50 does not have to notify the relay station 40 of the ACK / NACK.
- the relay station 40 receives the NACK from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 retransmits the data to the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 receives the NACK from the terminal device 50, it determines that the data transmission to the terminal device 50 has been successful.
- (C7) Transmission of response data from the terminal device 50 to the base station
- the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK to the base station by direct communication.
- the base station may notify the terminal device 50 in advance which E2E HARQ ID the downlink data corresponds to. Which E2E HARQ ID corresponds to the downlink data may be determined in advance under predetermined conditions.
- FIG. 19 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay.
- the operation of downlink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay will be described with reference to FIG.
- the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 receive the synchronization signal and the system information from the base station (step S301). Further, the terminal device 50 receives the synchronization signal and the system information from the relay station 40 (step S302). Then, the base station, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 each execute a random access procedure (steps S303A and S303B).
- the terminal device 50 transmits its own capability information (hereinafter referred to as terminal capability information) to the relay station 40 (step S304A).
- the relay station 40 transmits the terminal capability information to the base station (step S304B).
- the base station notifies the relay station 40 of the quasi-static control information (step S305A). Then, the relay station 40 transmits the quasi-static control information to the terminal device 50 (step S305B).
- the quasi-static control information may include the information described in (C1) above. That is, the quasi-static information may include a notification to invalidate the ACK / NACK of the link between the base station and the relay station 40. The quasi-static information may include a notification to enable or disable ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50.
- the base station transmits a reference signal for estimating the downlink channel state to the relay station 40 (step S306).
- the base station transmits CSI-RS as a reference signal for downlink channel state estimation.
- the relay station 40 receives the reference signal, it transmits downlink channel state feedback to the base station (step S307).
- the downlink channel state feedback is, for example, CSI feedback.
- the base station When the base station receives feedback from the relay station 40, it transmits a downlink control signal to the relay station 40 (step 308).
- the downlink control signal may include the information described in (C2) above. That is, the downlink control signal may include information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the base station transmits downlink data to the relay station 40 (step S309).
- the relay station 40 transmits downlink data via PDSCH.
- the base station transmits downlink data using the HARQ ID of E2E. If the base station is the non-ground station 30, the downlink data is transmitted, for example, by the communication control unit 332 of the non-ground station 30.
- the base station buffers the downlink data transmitted to the relay station 40 until the transmission of E2E is completed (for example, until the ACK is received in step S316 described later). You may not erase from.
- the relay station 40 transmits a reference signal for estimating the downlink channel state to the terminal device 50 (step S310). For example, the relay station 40 transmits CSI-RS as a reference signal for estimating the downlink channel state.
- the terminal device 50 Upon receiving the reference signal, the terminal device 50 transmits downlink channel state feedback to the relay station 40 (step S311).
- the downlink channel state feedback is, for example, CSI feedback).
- the relay station 40 When the relay station 40 receives the feedback from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S312).
- the downlink control signal may include the information described in (C4) above. That is, the downlink control signal may include information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the acquisition unit 531 of the terminal device 50 receives a downlink control signal including information regarding the HARQ ID of the E2E from the relay station 40.
- the relay station 40 transmits downlink data to the terminal device 50 (step S313).
- the relay station 40 transmits downlink data via PDSCH.
- the relay station 40 transmits downlink data using the HARQ ID of E2E as described in (C5) above.
- the terminal device 50 When the terminal device 50 receives the downlink data from the relay station 40, the terminal device 50 responds to the relay station 40. For example, the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK to the relay station 40 as described in (C6) above (step S314). If the ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 is invalid (Disable), the terminal device 50 does not have to notify the relay station 40 of the ACK / NACK.
- the relay station 40 When the relay station 40 receives the ACK from the terminal device 50, the relay station 40 deletes the uplink data from the buffer (step S315). Even when ACK / NACK (HARQ) of the link between the base station and the relay station 40 is invalid (Disable), the relay station 40 may delete the uplink data from the buffer.
- HARQ ACK / NACK
- the terminal device 50 when the terminal device 50 receives the downlink data from the relay station 40, the terminal device 50 also responds to the base station. For example, the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the base station as described in (C7) above (step S316).
- the base station can quickly know the success / failure of communication without going through the relay station 40, so that the retransmission process can be executed quickly. As a result, the delay related to the retransmission process is reduced, so that the communication system 1 can realize high communication performance.
- Uplink data transmission > Next, the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay will be described.
- the operation of uplink data transmission is divided into the following (D1) to (D5).
- the base station, relay station 40, or terminal device 50 sequentially executes the operations shown in (D1) to (D5) above.
- (D1) Disable HARQ between the base station and the terminal device 50.
- (D2) Transmission of uplink grant from the base station to the terminal device 50
- (D3) Transmission of uplink data from the terminal device 50 to the base station
- (D4) Transmission of response data from the base station to the relay station 40
- (D5) Relay transmission of response data from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50
- the base station may notify the terminal device 50 to disable ACK / NACK using the direct link between the terminal device 50 and the base station. When this Disable notification is given, the base station does not perform ACK / NACK transmission using the direct link to the terminal device 50. That is, in order to transmit ACK / NACK to the uplink data from the terminal device 50, the base station transmits ACK / NACK via the relay station 40.
- this invalidation is invalidation (Disable) of ACK / NACK of the direct link between the base station and the terminal device 50, and does not invalidate (Disable) ACK / NACK of E2E. do.
- ACK / NACK of the link between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 and between the relay station 40 and the base station is enabled. That is, ACK / NACK of E2E via the relay station 40 is enabled.
- the uplink grant may include information about the E2E HARQ ID.
- the HARQ ID of the E2E may be determined based on the information that the terminal device 50 has acquired in advance from the base station.
- the information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E does not have to be the HARQ ID of E2E itself as long as the terminal device 50 can finally identify the HARQ ID of E2E. Further, the base station may explicitly notify the terminal device 50 of the HARQ ID of the E2E, or may implicitly notify the terminal device 50.
- (D4) Transmission of response data from the base station to the relay station 40
- the base station transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the relay station 40.
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 of the information regarding the resource for transmitting the ACK / NACK by DCI or the like.
- the base station may transmit a control signal including information regarding ACK / NACK transmission to the relay station 40.
- (D5) Relay transmission of response data from the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50
- the relay station 40 relays ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the terminal device 50.
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 of the information regarding the resource for transmitting the ACK / NACK.
- the relay station 40 may transmit a control signal including information regarding ACK / NACK transmission to the terminal device 50.
- FIG. 20 is a sequence diagram showing the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay.
- the operation of uplink data transmission of the communication system 1 in the downlink one-way relay will be described with reference to FIG.
- the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 receive the synchronization signal and the system information from the base station (step S401). Further, the terminal device 50 receives the synchronization signal and the system information from the relay station 40 (step S402). Then, the base station, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 each execute a random access procedure (steps S403A and S403B).
- the terminal device 50 transmits its own capability information (hereinafter referred to as terminal capability information) to the relay station 40 (step S404A).
- the relay station 40 transmits the terminal capability information to the base station (step S404B).
- the base station notifies the relay station 40 of the quasi-static control information (step S405A). Then, the relay station 40 transmits the quasi-static control information to the terminal device 50 (step S405B).
- the quasi-static control information may include the information described in (D1) above. That is, the quasi-static information may include a notification to disable ACK / NACK of the link between the base station and the terminal device 50.
- the quasi-static information includes a notification to enable or disable ACK / NACK between the relay station 40 and the terminal device 50 and between the relay station 40 and the base station. You may be.
- the terminal device 50 transmits a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state to the base station (step S406).
- the terminal device 50 transmits the SRS as a reference signal for estimating the uplink channel state.
- the terminal device 50 transmits an uplink scheduling request to the base station (step S407).
- the base station When the base station receives the uplink scheduling request from the terminal device 50, it transmits a downlink control signal to the relay station 40 (step S408). Then, the relay station 40 relays the downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S409).
- the downlink control signal may include the information described in (D2) above. That is, the downlink control signal may include uplink grant information.
- the information on the uplink grant may include information on the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the acquisition unit 531 of the terminal device 50 receives a downlink control signal including information regarding the HARQ ID of the E2E from the base station.
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data to the base station (step S410).
- the terminal device 50 transmits downlink data via PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel).
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data using the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the uplink data is transmitted, for example, by the communication control unit 532 of the terminal device 50.
- the base station transmits a downlink control signal to the relay station 40 (step S411).
- the downlink control signal may include information about resources related to ACK / NACK transmission.
- the base station responds to the uplink data to the relay station 40 (step S412).
- the terminal device 50 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the relay station 40 as described in (D4) above.
- the relay station 40 transmits a downlink control signal to the terminal device 50 (step S413).
- the downlink control signal may include information about resources related to ACK / NACK transmission.
- the relay station 40 transfers the response from the base station to the terminal device 50 (step S414).
- the relay station 40 transmits ACK / NACK corresponding to the HARQ ID of E2E to the terminal device 50 as described in (D5) above.
- the base station can reliably transmit the response to the uplink data by the direct communication from the terminal device 50 to the terminal device 50 via the relay station 40.
- the communication system 1 is a communication system in which communication between the non-ground station 30 and the terminal device 50 is a one-way relay communication.
- the communication system 1 introduces an E2E (End-to-End) HARQ ID used between the terminal device 50 and the base station.
- the HARQ ID of the E2E is at least one of the HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40 and the HARQ ID for communication between the base station and the relay station 40. It is a HARQ ID between the terminal device 50 and the base station, which is different from the HARQ ID of the above.
- Uplink one-way relay in the case of uplink data transmission
- the communication system 1 has an E2E between the terminal device 50 and the base station, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the base station and the relay station 40.
- the HARQ ID of the E2E may be the same ID as the HARQ ID used for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40, or may be a different ID.
- the HARQ ID used for communication between the base station and the relay station 40 is ID A
- the HARQ ID of E2E used between the terminal device 50 and the base station is ID B.
- the relay station 40 communicates with the terminal device 50 according to the ID B.
- the relay station 40 may notify the terminal device 50 of the uplink grant including the ID B information in advance.
- the terminal device 50 uses ID B to transmit uplink data to the relay station 40.
- the relay station 40 relays the uplink data to the base station with ID A.
- the relay station 40 may include the information about the ID B in the transmission data to the base station. Further, the relay station 40 may notify the base station of the information regarding the ID B by the control information.
- the base station After receiving the uplink data from the relay station 40, the base station transmits the information regarding ACK / NACK for the ID B to the terminal device 50 by a direct link. If the response of the base station is ACK, the terminal device 50 transmits a scheduling request for the first transmission of the next data to the relay station 40. On the other hand, if the response of the base station is NACK, the terminal device 50 transmits a scheduling request for retransmission to the relay station 40. At this time, the terminal device 50 may transmit information about the ID B to the relay station 40 in accordance with the scheduling request.
- Uplink one-way relay (for downlink data transmission)
- the communication system 1 has a HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40, and communication between the base station and the relay station 40. Introduce an E2E HARQ ID between the terminal device 50 and the base station, which is separate from the HARQ ID for.
- the base station does not transmit another data with the HARQ ID used in the downlink data transmission until the E2E transmission is completed.
- Downlink one-way relay in the case of downlink data transmission
- the communication system 1 is located between the terminal device 50 and the base station, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40.
- the HARQ ID of the E2E may be the same ID as the HARQ ID used for communication between the base station and the relay station 40, or may be a different ID.
- the HARQ ID used for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40 is ID A
- the HARQ ID of E2E used between the terminal device 50 and the base station is ID B
- the relay station 40 communicates with the base station according to the ID B.
- the base station may notify the relay station 40 of the downlink control information (for example, DCI) including the ID B information in advance.
- the base station uses ID B to transmit downlink data to the relay station 40.
- the relay station 40 After receiving the downlink data from the base station, the relay station 40 relays the downlink data to the terminal device 50 with ID A. At this time, the relay station 40 may include the information about the ID B in the transmission data to the terminal device 50. Further, the relay station 40 may notify the terminal device 50 of the information regarding the ID B by the control information.
- the terminal device 50 After receiving the downlink data from the relay station 40, the terminal device 50 transmits the information regarding ACK / NACK for the ID B to the base station by a direct link. If the response of the terminal device 50 is ACK, the base station transmits the downlink control information for the first transmission of the next data to the relay station 40. On the other hand, if the response of the terminal device 50 is NACK, the base station transmits downlink control information for retransmission to the relay station 40. At this time, the terminal device 50 may transmit information about the ID B to the relay station 40 together with the downlink control information.
- the communication system 1 has a HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40, and communication between the base station and the relay station 40. Introduce an E2E HARQ ID between the terminal device 50 and the base station, which is separate from the HARQ ID for.
- the terminal device 50 does not perform another data transmission with the HARQ ID used in the uplink data transmission until the E2E transmission is completed.
- the base station may notify the terminal device 50 of uplink grant or downlink control information between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40.
- the terminal device 50 transmits a grant for uplink data transmission to the relay station 40 to the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 may receive a grant for uplink data transmission addressed to the terminal device 50. The relay station 40 does not use this grant for transmitting uplink data from the relay station 40 to the base station.
- the terminal device 50 transmits uplink data to the relay station 40, and then receives information regarding retransmission from the relay station 40.
- the base station is in charge of executing the HARQ of E2E
- the relay station 40 is in charge of executing the HARQ between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40.
- the relay station 40 transmits the uplink grant related to the initial transmission of the E2E transmission between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40.
- the base station transmits the uplink grant related to the retransmission of the E2E transmission between the terminal device 50 and the relay station 40 or the initial transmission of the next data.
- the terminal device 50 can reduce a part of the processing by receiving the uplink grant related to retransmission or the uplink grant related to the initial transmission of the next data from the base station. For example, the step of the terminal device 50 transmitting a scheduling request to the relay station 40 and receiving the uplink grant from the relay station 40 can be reduced.
- the base station transmits control information (for example, DCI) when the relay station 40 transmits downlink data to the terminal device 50 to the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 may receive the downlink control information transmitted to the terminal device 50.
- the relay station 40 transmits the downlink data to the terminal device 50 according to the received downlink control information.
- the relay station 40 does not use this downlink control information for processing the data transmitted from the terminal device 50.
- the step of the relay station 40 transmitting the downlink control information to the terminal device 50 becomes unnecessary.
- the communication system 1 can reduce the frequency resource used for transmitting the downlink control information in the terrestrial communication.
- the base station notifies the terminal device and / or the relay station 40 of the update information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E.
- the base station that notifies the update information may be the base station of the handover source or the base station of the handover destination.
- the update information regarding the HARQ ID of E2E is, for example, the link information between the HARQ ID of E2E used in the base station of the handover source and the HARQ ID of E2E used in the base station of the handover destination. Is. When the same ID is used, the information that they are the same may be used. Further, the update information regarding the HARQ ID of the E2E may be, for example, information for notifying the terminal device 50 and / or the relay station 40 that the transmission is restarted from the initial transmission.
- Frequency band example of each link> In this embodiment, three links are assumed: (1) between the terminal and the relay station 40, (2) between the relay station 40 and the base station (, and (3) between the base station and the terminal device 50.
- the frequency band of each link may be different for all three links, or the same frequency band may be used for a plurality of of the three links.
- the frequency band allocated for terrestrial communication is used between the terminal and the relay station 40, and (2) between the relay station 40 and the base station (for example, a satellite), for example, a satellite.
- the Ka band for communication is used, and (3) the S band for satellite communication is used between the base station (for example, a satellite) and the terminal device 50.
- the communication system 1 may switch between a one-way relay and two-way direct communication.
- the two-way direct communication is a communication in which both the uplink and the downlink are direct links.
- Communication system 1 may switch between one-way relay and two-way direct communication depending on a transmission channel.
- PDSCH and PUSCH are unidirectional relays
- PDCCH and PUCCH are bidirectional direct communication.
- the base station when the communication data is user data, the base station performs one-way relay communication with the terminal device 50 using the end-to-end HARQ ID, and when the communication data is control data, the terminal device 50.
- Two-way direct communication with Further, for example, the communication system 1 may switch between one-way relay and two-way relay communication.
- Bidirectional relay communication may be paraphrased as relay communication. In bidirectional relay communication, the terminal device communicates via the relay station on both the uplink and the downlink.
- the control device for controlling the management device 10, the ground station 20, the non-ground station 30, the relay station 40, and the terminal device 50 of the present embodiment may be realized by a dedicated computer system, or may be realized by a general-purpose computer system. It may be realized.
- a communication program for executing the above operation is stored and distributed in a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disk, a semiconductor memory, a magnetic tape, or a flexible disk.
- the control device is configured by installing the program on a computer and executing the above-mentioned processing.
- the control device may be a management device 10, a ground station 20, a non-ground station 30, a relay station 40, or an external device (for example, a personal computer) of the terminal device 50.
- control device is a device inside the management device 10, the ground station 20, the non-ground station 30, the relay station 40, or the terminal device 50 (for example, the control unit 13, the control unit 23, the control unit 33, the control unit 43, Alternatively, it may be the control unit 53).
- the above communication program may be stored in a disk device provided in a server device on a network such as the Internet so that it can be downloaded to a computer or the like.
- the above-mentioned functions may be realized by collaboration between the OS (Operating System) and the application software.
- the part other than the OS may be stored in a medium and distributed, or the part other than the OS may be stored in the server device so that it can be downloaded to a computer or the like.
- each component of each device shown in the figure is a functional concept, and does not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown in the figure. That is, the specific form of distribution / integration of each device is not limited to the one shown in the figure, and all or part of the device is functionally or physically dispersed / physically distributed in arbitrary units according to various loads and usage conditions. Can be integrated and configured.
- the present embodiment includes a device or any configuration constituting the system, for example, a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration) or the like, a module using a plurality of processors, a unit using a plurality of modules, or a unit. It can also be implemented as a set or the like (that is, a part of the configuration of the device) to which other functions are added.
- a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration) or the like, a module using a plurality of processors, a unit using a plurality of modules, or a unit. It can also be implemented as a set or the like (that is, a part of the configuration of the device) to which other functions are added.
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- the system means a set of a plurality of components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it does not matter whether all the components are in the same housing. Therefore, a plurality of devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network, and a device in which a plurality of modules are housed in one housing are both systems. ..
- the present embodiment can have a cloud computing configuration in which one function is shared and jointly processed by a plurality of devices via a network.
- the communication device uses an end-to-end HARQ ID in one-way relay communication via the relay station 40. Communicates with the communication device (base station or terminal device 50) of.
- the communication device can perform end-to-end retransmission processing in the PHY layer and the MAC layer even in an environment in which HARQ between the base station and the relay station 40 is disabled (Disable).
- the communication device can quickly know the success / failure of communication without going through the relay station 40, the retransmission process can be executed quickly. As a result, the delay associated with the retransmission process is reduced, so that the communication device can realize high communication performance.
- the present technology can also have the following configurations.
- a communication device that performs one-way relay communication in which one of uplink communication and downlink communication with another communication device is relay communication via a relay station and the other communication is direct communication. Separate from at least one HARQ ID for communication between the other communication device and the relay station and a HARQ ID for communication between the communication device and the relay station. Acquires the HARQ ID used end-to-end between the other communication device and the communication device in the one-way relay communication.
- Communication device (2)
- the other communication device is a base station.
- the communication device is a terminal device.
- the communication device is the terminal device capable of using the one-way relay communication in which the uplink communication with the base station is relay communication via the relay station and the downlink communication is direct communication. Acquire the HARQ ID used end-to-end between the base station and the communication device in the one-way relay communication, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the base station and the relay station. death, The uplink communication is performed with the base station using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end. The communication device according to (2) above. (4) In the uplink communication with the base station, the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is used to communicate with the relay station, and the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is supported by direct communication from the base station.
- the communication device is the terminal device capable of using the one-way relay communication in which the uplink communication with the base station is relay communication via the relay station and the downlink communication is direct communication.
- the downlink communication is performed with the base station using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device according to any one of (2) to (7) above.
- the communication device is the terminal device capable of using the one-way relay communication in which the downlink communication with the base station is relay communication via the relay station and the uplink communication is direct communication. Acquire the HARQ ID used end-to-end between the base station and the communication device in the one-way relay communication, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the communication device and the relay station.
- the downlink communication is performed with the base station using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device according to (2) above. (10) The communication device is the terminal device capable of using the relay communication in which the downlink communication with the base station is via the relay station and the one-way relay communication in which the downlink communication is direct communication.
- the uplink communication is performed with the base station using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the other communication device is a terminal device.
- the communication device can use the one-way relay communication in which one of the uplink communication and the downlink communication with the terminal device is a relay communication via the relay station and the other communication is a direct communication.
- the HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device and the relay station and the HARQ ID for communication between the communication device and the relay station are different from the HARQ ID. Acquire the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end between the terminal device and the communication device in the directional relay communication, and obtain the HARQ ID. The HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is used to perform the uplink communication or the downlink communication with the terminal device.
- the communication device according to (1) above. (12)
- the communication device is the base station capable of using the one-way relay communication in which the uplink communication with the terminal device is relay communication via the relay station and the downlink communication is direct communication.
- the uplink communication is performed with the terminal device using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device is a non-terrestrial base station capable of relay communication via the relay station for uplink communication with the terminal device and one-way relay communication for direct communication with downlink communication.
- the communication device is the base station whose uplink communication with the terminal device is relay communication via the relay station and whose downlink communication is direct communication.
- the downlink communication is performed with the terminal device using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device according to any one of (11) to (13).
- the communication device is the base station capable of using the relay communication via the relay station for the downlink communication with the terminal device and the one-way relay communication for which the uplink communication is direct communication. Acquire the HARQ ID used end-to-end between the terminal device and the communication device in the one-way relay communication, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device and the relay station. death, The downlink communication is performed with the terminal device using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device according to (11) above.
- the communication device is the base station capable of using the relay communication via the relay station for the downlink communication with the terminal device and the one-way relay communication for which the downlink communication is direct communication.
- the uplink communication is performed with the terminal device using the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end.
- the communication device according to (11) or (15).
- the communication device can use two-way direct communication in which both the uplink communication and the downlink communication are direct communications.
- the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is used to perform the one-way relay communication with the other communication device, and when the communication data is control data, the other communication is performed. Performs bidirectional direct communication with the device,
- the communication device according to any one of (1) to (16).
- Communication executed by a communication device that can use one-way relay communication in which one of uplink communication and downlink communication with another communication device is relay communication via a relay station and the other communication is direct communication. It ’s a method, In the one-way relay communication, which is different from the HARQ ID for communication between the other communication device and the relay station or between the communication device and the relay station, the other communication device and the communication device Obtain the HARQ ID used for end-to-end between Communication method. (19) One-way relay communication is used in which one of the uplink communication and the downlink communication between the base station, the relay station, and the base station is relay communication via the relay station, and the other communication is direct communication.
- a communication system including a possible terminal device, The base station The HARQ ID for communication between the terminal device and the relay station, and the HARQ ID for communication between the base station and the relay station, which is different from the HARQ ID of at least one of the above-mentioned one.
- the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is used to perform the uplink communication or the downlink communication with the terminal device.
- the terminal device is Obtain the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end,
- the HARQ ID used for the end-to-end is used to perform the uplink communication or the downlink communication with the base station. Communications system.
- the terminal device can use the one-way relay communication in which the uplink communication with the base station is relay communication via the relay station and the downlink communication is direct communication.
- the base station invalidates HARQ between the base station and the relay station.
- the relay station erases the uplink data without holding the uplink data.
- Communication system 10 Management device 20 Ground station 30 Non-ground station 40 Relay station 50 Terminal device 11 Communication unit 21, 31, 41, 51 Wireless communication unit 12, 22, 32, 42, 52 Storage unit 13, 23, 33, 43 , 53 Control unit 24,44 Network communication unit 211,311,411,511 Reception processing unit 212,312,412,512 Transmission processing unit 213,313,413,513 Antenna 331,531 Acquisition unit 332,532 Communication control unit
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Abstract
Description
1.概要
1-1.課題
1-2.解決手段の概要
2.通信システムの構成
2-1.通信システムの全体構成
2-2.管理装置の構成
2-3.地上局の構成
2-4.非地上局の構成
2-5.基地局について
2-6.中継局の構成
2-7.端末装置の構成
3.通信システムの動作
3-1.処理の概要
3-2.上りリンク一方向リレー
3-2-1.上りリンクデータ送信
3-2-2.下りリンクデータ送信
3-3.下りリンク一方向リレー
3-3-1.下りリンクデータ送信
3-3-2.上りリンクデータ送信
3-4.まとめと補足
3-4-1.E2E用のHARQ IDの定義
3-4-2.基地局による端末装置と中継局との間の情報の通知
3-4-3.ハンドオーバーが発生した場合の処理
3-4-4.各リンクの周波数帯域例
4.変形例
5.むすび
LTE(Long Term Evolution)、NR(New Radio)等の無線アクセス技術(RAT:Radio Access Technology)が3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)で検討されている。LTE及びNRは、セルラー通信技術の一種であり、基地局がカバーするエリアをセル状に複数配置することで端末装置の移動通信を可能にする。このとき、単一の基地局は複数のセルを管理してもよい。
通信装置間の通信として中継局を介したリレー通信が用いられることがある。例えば、端末装置と非地上局との間の通信として中継局を介したリレー通信が用いられることがある。
そこで、本実施形態では、以下に示す手段により上記課題を解決する。
まず、本実施形態の通信システム1の構成を説明する。
図6は、本開示の実施形態に係る通信システム1の構成例を示す図である。通信システム1は、管理装置10と、地上局20と、非地上局30と、中継局40と、端末装置50と、を備える。通信システム1は、通信システム1を構成する各無線通信装置が連携して動作することで、ユーザに対し、移動通信が可能な無線ネットワークを提供する。本実施形態の無線ネットワークは、例えば、無線アクセスネットワークとコアネットワークとで構成される。なお、本実施形態において、無線通信装置は、無線通信の機能を有する装置のことであり、図6の例では、地上局20、非地上局30、中継局40、及び端末装置50が該当する。
次に、管理装置10の構成を説明する。
次に、地上局20の構成を説明する。
次に、非地上局30の構成を説明する。
前述の通り、地上局20及び非地上局30のうち少なくとも1つは基地局として動作し得る。以下、基地局について説明する。
次に、中継局40の構成を説明する。
次に、端末装置50の構成を説明する。
以上、通信システム1の構成について説明したが、次に、通信システム1の動作を説明する。
上述したように、通信システム1は、非地上局30と端末装置50との間の通信を一方向リレー(Uni-directional relay)通信とする通信システムである。本実施形態では、非地上局30と端末装置50とがE2E(End-to-End)で再送処理を行えるようにする。
まず、上りリンク一方向リレーの場合の通信システム1の動作を説明する。
まず、上りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の上りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明する。上りリンクデータ送信の動作は、以下の(A1)~(A6)に分けられる。基地局、中継局40、又は端末装置50は、上記(A1)~(A6)に示す動作を順次実行する。
(A2)中継局40から端末装置50への上りリンクグラントの通知
(A3)端末装置50から中継局40への上りリンクデータの送信
(A4)中継局40から端末装置50への応答
(A5)中継局40から基地局への上りリンクデータのリレー送信
(A6)基地局から端末装置50への応答データの送信
基地局は、中継局40に対し、ACK/NACKを無効(Disable)とする旨の通知を行ってもよい。すなわち、基地局は、中継局40に対してACK/NACKの応答をしない旨の通知を行ってもよい。ここでのACK/NACKは、基地局と中継局40との間のリンクにおけるHARQ IDに係るACK/NACKである。ACK/NACKの無効は、HARQの無効と言い換えてもよい。また、基地局と中継局40との間のACK/NACKを無効(Disable)とすることがあらかじめ所定の条件で決められていてもよい。
続いて、中継局40は、端末装置50に対し、上りリンクデータ送信を行うための上りリンクグラントを通知する。ここで、端末装置50は、中継局40に対し、上りリンクデータ送信をするために、スケジューリングリクエストを送信してもよい。
上りリンクグラントが通知されたら、端末装置50は、その上りリンクグラントに基づいて、中継局40に上りリンクデータを送信する。ここで、端末装置50は、中継局40から通知されたE2EのHARQ IDを使って上りリンクデータを送信する。
端末装置50から上りリンクデータを受信したら、中継局40は、端末装置50に対して、ACK/NACKを送信する。又は、中継局40は、端末装置50に対して、再送用の上りリンクグラントを通知する。
次に、中継局40は、端末装置50から受信した上りリンクデータを基地局に送信する。このとき、中継局40は、基地局に対して、スケジューリングリクエストを送信して上りリンクデータ送信用のリソースを要求してもよい。そして、基地局は、中継局40に上りリンクデータ送信グラントを送信してもよい。中継局40は、通知された上りリンクデータ送信グラントの情報に従って、受信した上りリンクデータを基地局にリレー送信する。
次に、基地局は、直接通信により、端末装置50に対してACK/NACKを送信する。又は、基地局は、直接通信により、端末装置50に対して再送用の上りリンクグラントを送信する。
基地局から端末装置50に送信されたACK/NACKの情報を、中継局40も受信する。
ACK/NACKに関する情報を受信した端末装置50が、中継局40にACK/NACKに関する情報を通知する。このとき、端末装置50は、予め決められたACK/NACK送信用のリソースを使用して、中継局40にACK/NACKに関する情報を通知してもよい。また、端末装置50は、スケジューリングリクエスト(Scheduling Request)と併せて中継局40にACK/NACKに関する情報を送信してもよい。
以上、上りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の上りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明したが、以下、本動作のシーケンス例を示す。
次、上りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の下りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明する。下りリンクデータ送信の動作は、以下の(B1)~(B5)に分けられる。基地局、中継局40、又は端末装置50は、上記(B1)~(B5)に示す動作を順次実行する。
(B2)基地局から端末装置50への下りリンク制御信号の送信
(B3)基地局から端末装置50への下りリンクデータの送信
(B4)端末装置50から中継局40への応答データの送信
(B5)中継局40から基地局への応答データのリレー送信
基地局は、端末装置50に対し、端末装置50と基地局との間の直接リンクを使用したACK/NACKを無効(Disable)とする旨の通知を行ってもよい。この無効(Disable)の通知があった場合、端末装置50は、基地局への直接リンクを使ってACK/NACK送信を行わない。すなわち、端末装置50は、基地局からのダウンリンクデータに対してACK/NACKを送信するには、中継局40を経由したACK/NACKの送信とする。
続いて、基地局は端末装置50に下りリンク制御信号を送信する。下りリンク制御信号には、E2EのHARQ IDに関する情報が含まれてもよい。上述したように、E2EのHARQ IDは、E2E再送処理で使用されるHARQ IDである。これにより、端末装置50は、基地局から事前にE2EのHARQ IDに関する情報を取得する。
続いて、基地局は端末装置50に直接通信で下りリンクデータを送信する。ここで、基地局は、端末装置50に通知したE2EのHARQ IDで下りリンクデータを送信する。
下りリンクデータを受信したら、端末装置50は、中継局40に対し、E2EのHARQ IDに対応するACK/NACKを送信する。このACK/NACKを送信するためのリソースに関する情報は、基地局が端末装置50に直接リンクで通知してもよい。また、ACK/NACKを送信するためのリソースに関する情報は、中継局40が端末装置50に通知してもよい。この場合、端末装置50は中継局40に対して、ACK/NACK送信のスケジューリングリクエストを送信してもよい。
中継局40は、基地局にE2EのHARQ IDに対応するACK/NACKを送信する。このACK/NACKを送信するリソースに関する情報は、基地局が中継局40に通知してもよい。この場合、中継局40は、基地局に対し、ACK/NACK送信のスケジューリングリクエストを送信してもよい。
以上、上りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の下りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明したが、以下、本動作のシーケンス例を示す。
次に、下りリンク一方向リレーの場合の通信システム1の動作を説明する。
まず、下りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の下りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明する。下りリンクデータ送信の動作は、以下の(C1)~(C7)に分けられる。基地局、中継局40、又は端末装置50は、上記(C1)~(C7)に示す動作を順次実行する。
(C2)基地局から中継局40への下りリンク制御信号の送信
(C3)基地局から中継局40への下りリンクデータの送信
(C4)中継局40から端末装置50への下りリンク制御信号の送信
(C5)中継局40から端末装置50への下りリンクデータのリレー送信
(C6)端末装置50から中継局40への応答データの送信
(C7)直接通信による端末装置50から基地局への応答データの送信
基地局は、中継局40に対し、ACK/NACKを無効(Disable)とする旨の通知を行ってもよい。ここでのACK/NACKは、基地局と中継局40との間のリンクにおけるHARQ IDに係るACK/NACKである。上述したように、ACK/NACKの無効は、HARQの無効と言い換えてもよい。中継局40は、このACK/NACKの無効の通知を受け取った場合、基地局から下りリンクデータ送信がなされても、基地局に対してACK/NACKの応答をしない。
続いて、基地局は中継局40に下りリンク制御信号を送信する。下りリンク制御信号には、E2EのHARQ IDに関する情報が含まれてもよい。上述したように、E2EのHARQ IDは、E2E再送処理で使用されるHARQ IDである。これにより、中継局40は、基地局から事前にE2EのHARQ IDに関する情報を取得する。
続いて、基地局は中継局40に下りリンクデータを送信する。ここで、基地局は、中継局40に通知したE2EのHARQ IDで下りリンクデータを送信する。
次に、中継局40は端末装置50に下りリンク制御情報を送信する。下りリンク制御信号には、基地局から受信したE2EのHARQ IDに関する情報が含まれる。なお、下りリンク制御信号には、E2EのHARQ IDとは別の、HARQ IDに関する情報が含まれていてもよい。
中継局40は端末装置50に基地局から受信した下りリンクデータをリレー送信する。中継局40は、端末装置50に送信した下りリンク制御情報に従って、基地局から受信をした下りリンクデータを端末装置50にリレー送信する。ここで、中継局40がリレー送信に使用するHARQ IDは、E2EのHARQ IDとは異なるHARQ IDとする。なお、中継局40は、下りリンクデータのリレー送信に併せて、E2EのHARQ IDを端末装置50にリレー送信してもよい。
下りリンクデータを受信したら、端末装置50は、中継局40に対し、ACK/NACKを送信する。なお、中継局40と端末装置50との間のACK/NACKが無効(Disable)の場合は、端末装置50は中継局40にACK/NACKを通知しなくてもよい。中継局40は、端末装置50からNACKを受信したら、端末装置50にデータを再送する。一方、中継局40は、端末装置50からNACKを受信したら、端末装置50へのデータ送信が成功したと判断する。
また、下りリンクデータを受信したら、端末装置50は、直接通信により、基地局にACK/NACKを送信する。ここで、基地局は、端末装置50に対して、下りリンクデータがどのE2EのHARQ IDに対応するかを予め通知してもよい。どのE2EのHARQ IDに対応する下りリンクデータであるかは、予め所定の条件で決められていてもよい。
以上、下りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の下りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明したが、以下、本動作のシーケンス例を示す。
次に、下りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の上りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明する。上りリンクデータ送信の動作は、以下の(D1)~(D5)に分けられる。基地局、中継局40、又は端末装置50は、上記(D1)~(D5)に示す動作を順次実行する。
(D2)基地局から端末装置50への上りリンクグラントの送信
(D3)端末装置50から基地局への上りリンクデータの送信
(D4)基地局から中継局40への応答データの送信
(D5)中継局40から端末装置50への応答データのリレー送信
基地局は、端末装置50に対し、端末装置50と基地局との間の直接リンクを使用したACK/NACKを無効(Disable)とする旨の通知を行ってもよい。この無効(Disable)の通知を行った場合、基地局は、端末装置50への直接リンクを使ってのACK/NACK送信を行わない。すなわち、基地局は、端末装置50からのアップリンクデータに対してACK/NACKを送信するには、中継局40を経由したACK/NACKの送信とする。
続いて、基地局は、端末装置50に対し、上りリンクデータ送信を行うための上りリンクグラントを通知する。ここで、基地局は、中継局40を経由して、端末装置50に上りリンクグラントを通知する。
上りリンクグラントを取得したら、端末装置50は基地局に直接通信で上りリンクデータを送信する。ここで、端末装置50は、基地局から通知されたE2EのHARQ IDで上りリンクデータを送信する。
上りリンクデータを受信したら、基地局は、中継局40に対し、E2EのHARQ IDに対応するACK/NACKを送信する。このACK/NACKを送信するためのリソースに関する情報は、基地局が中継局40にDCI等で通知してもよい。基地局は中継局40に、ACK/NACK送信に関する情報を含む制御信号を送信してもよい。
中継局40は、端末装置50にE2EのHARQ IDに対応するACK/NACKをリレー送信する。このACK/NACKを送信するリソースに関する情報は、基地局が中継局40に通知してもよい。中継局40は、端末装置50に対し、ACK/NACK送信に関する情報を含む制御信号を送信してもよい。
以上、下りリンク一方向リレーにおける通信システム1の上りリンクデータ送信の動作を説明したが、以下、本動作のシーケンス例を示す。
以上、本実施形態の通信システム1の動作を説明したが、以下、通信システム1の動作のまとめと補足を説明する。
上述したように、通信システム1は、非地上局30と端末装置50との間の通信を一方向リレー通信とする通信システムである。通信システム1は、端末装置50と基地局との間で使用するE2E(End-to-End)のHARQ IDを導入する。ここで、E2EのHARQ IDは、端末装置50と中継局40とのとの間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び基地局と中継局40との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、端末装置50と基地局との間のHARQ IDである。
上りリンク一方向リレーの上りリンクデータ送信の場合、通信システム1は、基地局と中継局40との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、端末装置50と基地局との間のE2EのHARQ IDを導入する。ここで、E2EのHARQ IDは、端末装置50と中継局40との間の通信で使用するHARQ IDと同一のIDであってもよいし、別のIDであってもよい。
上りリンク一方向リレーの下りリンクデータ送信の場合、通信システム1は、端末装置50と中継局40とのとの間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び基地局と中継局40との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、とは別の、端末装置50と基地局との間のE2EのHARQ IDを導入する。ここで、基地局、は、E2E送信が完了するまでは、下りリンクデータ送信で使用したHARQ IDで別のデータ送信を行わない。
下りリンク一方向リレーの下りリンクデータ送信の場合、通信システム1は、端末装置50と中継局40との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、端末装置50と基地局との間のE2EのHARQ IDを導入する。ここで、E2EのHARQ IDは、基地局と中継局40との間の通信で使用するHARQ IDと同一のIDであってもよいし、別のIDであってもよい。
下りリンク一方向リレーの上りリンクデータ送信の場合、通信システム1は、端末装置50と中継局40とのとの間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び基地局と中継局40との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、とは別の、端末装置50と基地局との間のE2EのHARQ IDを導入する。ここで、端末装置50は、E2E送信が完了するまでは、上りリンクデータ送信で使用したHARQ IDで別のデータ送信を行わない。
基地局は、端末装置50に対して、端末装置50と中継局40との間の上りリンクグラントまたは下りリンク制御情報を通知してもよい。
基地局は、端末装置50に宛てて、端末装置50が中継局40に上りリンクデータ送信用のグラントを送信する。このとき、中継局40は、端末装置50宛の上りリンクデータ送信用のグラントを受信してもよい。なお、中継局40は、このグラントを、中継局40から基地局への上りリンクデータの送信には使用しない。
基地局は、端末装置50に宛てて、中継局40が端末装置50に下りリンクデータを送信する時の制御情報(例えばDCI)を送信する。このとき、中継局40は、端末装置50宛に送信された下りリンク制御情報を受信してもよい。中継局40は受信をした下りリンク制御情報に従って、端末装置50に下りリンクデータを送信する。なお、中継局40は、この下りリンク制御情報を、端末装置50から送信されたデータの処理には使用しない。
本実施形態の処理(例えば、<3-1>~<3-4>で説明した処理)を実施中にハンドオーバーが発生した場合、通信システム1は以下に示す処理を実行する。
本実施形態では、(1)端末と中継局40との間、(2)中継局40と基地局(との間、(3)基地局と端末装置50と間の3リンクが想定される。各リンクの周波数帯域は、これら3つのリンクすべてで異なっていてもよいし、3つのリンクのうちの複数のリンクで同一の周波数帯域を使用してもよい。
上述の実施形態は一例を示したものであり、種々の変更及び応用が可能である。
以上説明したように、本開示の一実施形態によれば、通信装置(基地局又は端末装置50)は、中継局40を介した一方向リレー通信において、エンドツーエンドのHARQ IDを使って他の通信装置(基地局又は端末装置50)と通信を行う。これにより、通信装置は、基地局と中継局40との間のHARQが無効(Disable)の環境下においても、PHY層およびMAC層でエンドツーエンドの再送処理が実施できる。また、通信装置は、中継局40を介さずに素早く通信の成功/失敗を知ることができるので、再送処理を素早く実行できる。結果として、再送処理に係る遅延が少なくなるので、通信装置は、高い通信パフォーマンスを実現できる。
(1)
他の通信装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を行う通信装置であって、
前記他の通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記他の通信装置と前記通信装置との間でエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得する、
通信装置。
(2)
前記他の通信装置は、基地局であり、
前記通信装置は、端末装置である、
前記(1)に記載の通信装置。
(3)
前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記基地局と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記基地局と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
前記(2)に記載の通信装置。
(4)
前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信において、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使用して前記中継局と通信するとともに、前記基地局から直接通信で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答又は否定応答を受信する、
前記(3)に記載の通信装置。
(5)
前記中継局から、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答を受信したとしても、前記基地局から直接通信で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答又は否定応答を受信するまで、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する送信データを消去しない、
前記(4)に記載の通信装置。
(6)
前記中継局から、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを含む前記上りリンク通信のためのグラントを取得する、
前記(4)又は(5)に記載の通信装置。
(7)
前記他の通信装置は、非地上基地局である、
前記(3)~(6)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(8)
前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
前記(2)~(7)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(9)
前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記上りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記基地局と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
前記(2)に記載の通信装置。
(10)
前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
前記(2)又は(9)に記載の通信装置。
(11)
前記他の通信装置は、端末装置であり、
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な基地局であり、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行う、
前記(1)に記載の通信装置。
(12)
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
前記(11)に記載の通信装置。
(13)
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な非地上基地局である、
前記(12)に記載の通信装置。
(14)
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記基地局であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
前記(11)~(13)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(15)
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記上りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
前記(11)に記載の通信装置。
(16)
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
前記(11)又は(15)に記載の通信装置。
(17)
前記通信装置は、前記一方向リレー通信に加えて、前記上りリンク通信及び前記下りリンク通信の双方を直接通信とする双方向直接通信を使用可能であり、
通信データがユーザデータの場合には、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記他の通信装置と前記一方向リレー通信を行い、通信データがコントロールデータの場合には、前記他の通信装置と前記双方向直接通信を行う、
前記(1)~(16)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(18)
他の通信装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を使用可能な通信装置が実行する通信方法であって、
前記他の通信装置と前記中継局との間又は前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記他の通信装置と前記通信装置との間のエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得する、
通信方法。
(19)
基地局と、中継局と、前記基地局との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を使用可能な端末装置と、を備える通信システムであって、
前記基地局は、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記基地局と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記基地局との間のエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行い、
前記端末装置は、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行う、
通信システム。
(20)
前記端末装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能であり、
前記基地局は、前記端末装置が前記中継局を介して前記上りリンク通信を行う場合には、前記基地局と前記中継局との間のHARQを無効とし、
前記中継局は、前記端末装置からの上りリンクデータを前記基地局に送信した後、該上りリンクデータを保持することなく消去する、
前記(19)に記載の通信システム。
10 管理装置
20 地上局
30 非地上局
40 中継局
50 端末装置
11 通信部
21、31、41、51 無線通信部
12、22、32、42、52 記憶部
13、23、33、43、53 制御部
24、44 ネットワーク通信部
211、311、411、511 受信処理部
212、312、412、512 送信処理部
213、313、413、513 アンテナ
331、531 取得部
332、532 通信制御部
Claims (20)
- 他の通信装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を行う通信装置であって、
前記他の通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記他の通信装置と前記通信装置との間でエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得する、
通信装置。 - 前記他の通信装置は、基地局であり、
前記通信装置は、端末装置である、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記基地局と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記基地局と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信において、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使用して前記中継局と通信するとともに、前記基地局から直接通信で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答又は否定応答を受信する、
請求項3に記載の通信装置。 - 前記中継局から、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答を受信したとしても、前記基地局から直接通信で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する肯定応答又は否定応答を受信するまで、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDに対応する送信データを消去しない、
請求項4に記載の通信装置。 - 前記中継局から、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを含む前記上りリンク通信のためのグラントを取得する、
請求項4に記載の通信装置。 - 前記他の通信装置は、非地上基地局である、
請求項3に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記上りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記基地局と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記基地局との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記端末装置であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記他の通信装置は、端末装置であり、
前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な基地局であり、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行う、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な非地上基地局である、
請求項12に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記基地局であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記上りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記通信装置との間で前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記下りリンク通信を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記端末装置との前記下りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能な前記基地局であり、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通信装置は、前記一方向リレー通信に加えて、前記上りリンク通信及び前記下りリンク通信の双方を直接通信とする双方向直接通信を使用可能であり、
通信データがユーザデータの場合には、前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記他の通信装置と前記一方向リレー通信を行い、通信データがコントロールデータの場合には、前記他の通信装置と前記双方向直接通信を行う、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 他の通信装置との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を使用可能な通信装置が実行する通信方法であって、
前記他の通信装置と前記中継局との間又は前記通信装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記他の通信装置と前記通信装置との間のエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得する、
通信方法。 - 基地局と、中継局と、前記基地局との上りリンク通信及び下りリンク通信のうちの一方の通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、他方の通信を直接通信とする一方向リレー通信を使用可能な端末装置と、を備える通信システムであって、
前記基地局は、
前記端末装置と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、及び前記基地局と前記中継局との間の通信のためのHARQ ID、の少なくとも一方のHARQ IDとは別の、前記一方向リレー通信において前記端末装置と前記基地局との間のエンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記端末装置と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行い、
前記端末装置は、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを取得し、
前記エンドツーエンドに用いられるHARQ IDを使って前記基地局と前記上りリンク通信又は前記下りリンク通信を行う、
通信システム。 - 前記端末装置は、前記基地局との前記上りリンク通信を前記中継局を介したリレー通信、前記下りリンク通信を直接通信とする前記一方向リレー通信を使用可能であり、
前記基地局は、前記端末装置が前記中継局を介して前記上りリンク通信を行う場合には、前記基地局と前記中継局との間のHARQを無効とし、
前記中継局は、前記端末装置からの上りリンクデータを前記基地局に送信した後、該上りリンクデータを保持することなく消去する、
請求項19に記載の通信システム。
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