WO2022148126A1 - 除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法、除重金属的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯 - Google Patents
除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法、除重金属的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022148126A1 WO2022148126A1 PCT/CN2021/129939 CN2021129939W WO2022148126A1 WO 2022148126 A1 WO2022148126 A1 WO 2022148126A1 CN 2021129939 W CN2021129939 W CN 2021129939W WO 2022148126 A1 WO2022148126 A1 WO 2022148126A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heavy metal
- parts
- powder
- porous ceramics
- wax
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003206 NH4VO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium monoxide Inorganic materials [K]O[K] NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002468 redox effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
- A24F40/48—Fluid transfer means, e.g. pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/70—Manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of electronic cigarette ceramic atomizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a heavy metal-removing porous ceramic, a heavy metal-removing porous ceramic and an atomizing core.
- the electronic atomizer includes a liquid storage device and an atomizing core.
- the liquid storage device is filled with the liquid to be atomized.
- the liquid to be atomized that is, the liquid to be atomized can be smoke liquid or a solution containing drugs.
- the atomizing core generally includes a guide.
- the liquid and the heating element conduct the liquid to receive, penetrate, and conduct the liquid to be atomized in the liquid storage device. After the heating element is energized, it generates heat, and the heating element heats and evaporates the liquid to be atomized.
- the atomization core is the key component of the electronic atomizer, and its performance directly determines the atomization effect, heating efficiency and user experience of the electronic atomizer.
- the electronic atomizer mainly uses the atomizing core to heat and atomize the liquid to be atomized to produce vapor mist. Users inhale and use it for health care purposes, so the safety of the core material is a key consideration in the manufacturing process.
- the common atomizing core on the market heats the liquid to be atomized through porous ceramic infiltration, and its core material is the porous ceramic device used for liquid conduction. There is a problem that the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury is too high, and these heavy metals are easily precipitated during use and cause human injury.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and the like is generally too high in the ceramic atomizing core of the existing electronic atomizer, and to provide a preparation method of porous ceramics for removing heavy metals, and porous ceramics for removing heavy metals. Ceramic and atomizing core.
- the technical solution of the present invention is, a preparation method of heavy metal porous ceramics, comprising the following steps:
- the sintering process includes heating, heat preservation and cooling, and the heavy metal removal porous ceramic is obtained after cooling.
- the ceramic matrix material includes a mineral powder material
- the mineral powder material is at least one of kaolin, diatomite, feldspar, quartz sand, and bauxite, and the particle size of the mineral powder material is For 50 to 1000 mesh.
- the heavy metal includes at least one of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury.
- a preliminary treatment process is further included, and the preliminary treatment process includes the treatment processes of removing impurities, grinding, pickling, magnetic separation, and flotation for the ceramic matrix material.
- the roasting temperature is 1000-1700°C
- the reducing protective atmosphere is a mixture of reducing gas and inert gas, wherein the reducing gas is at least one of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and the inert gas is At least one of helium, argon, and nitrogen, and the volume ratio of reducing gas to inert gas is 1:50 to 1:4.
- the step (3) according to parts by weight, 1-50 parts by weight of functional materials or nano-silicon dioxide are also included, and the functional materials include moisture-sensitive materials or heat-generating materials.
- the humidity sensitive material includes one or more of MgO, Cr2O3, TiO2, NH4VO3, ZnCr2O4, ZnO, SnO2, LiZnVO4, ZnCrVO4, V2O5, Fe2O3, Li2O, Na2O, K2O, and CaO.
- the heating material includes graphene oxide powder.
- the rotational speed of the ball milling device is 150-350 rpm
- the ball-milling time is 1-10 h
- the diameter of the abrasive is 1-20 mm.
- the baking and drying temperature is 60-120°C, and the baking-drying time is 2-12 hours; in the step (5), the melting point of the paraffin wax is 60-110°C, and the paraffin wax The added amount is 10-60% of the weight of the mixed powder.
- the wax removal temperature is 400-800° C.
- the wax removal time is 2-12 hours.
- the heating rate is 1-5°C/min
- the temperature for sintering and holding is 700-1300°C
- the sintering and holding time is 2-12 h.
- a porous ceramic for removing heavy metals is made from heavy metal removing powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid obtained after the ceramic matrix material is processed by the heavy metal removing process, and comprises by weight The following components: except for 20-80 parts of heavy metal powder, 1-30 parts of pore-forming agent, and 1-20 parts of sintering aid, the ceramic matrix material includes mineral powder material, and the mineral powder material is kaolin, silicon At least one of diatomite, feldspar, quartz sand, and bauxite, and the particle size of the mineral powder is 50-1000 mesh.
- the following components are also included in parts by weight: 1-50 parts of functional materials or nano-silica, the functional materials include moisture-sensitive materials or heat-generating materials.
- the humidity sensitive material includes one or more of MgO, Cr2O3, TiO2, NH4VO3, ZnCr2O4, ZnO, SnO2, LiZnVO4, ZnCrVO4, V2O5, Fe2O3, Li2O, Na2O, K2O, and CaO, and the heating material Including graphene oxide powder.
- the pore-forming agent is at least one of graphite, starch, flour, soybean flour, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, carbonates, ammonium salts, sucrose, and fibers.
- the particle size of the pore-forming agent is 1-200 microns, and the sintering aid is at least one of boron oxide, boric acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, sodium silicate, calcium oxide, iron oxide, and titanium oxide.
- Another technical solution of the present invention is an atomizing core, comprising a liquid conducting liquid for conducting and heating the liquid to be atomized and a heating element arranged on the liquid conducting liquid, the liquid conducting liquid is described in claims 1-16 Any one of the porous ceramics for removing heavy metals.
- the ceramic mineral raw materials are subjected to a high-temperature heavy metal removal process to obtain ceramic powder materials for heavy metal removal.
- the porous ceramic atomizing core prepared on this basis has greatly removed lead. , cadmium, arsenic, mercury and other heavy metals or heavy metals, which can ensure the safety of users for long-term use, and avoid excessive intake of heavy metals and cause harm to the human body.
- the preparation method of the heavy metal removal porous ceramics of the present invention utilizes the volatility and redox properties of heavy metals, and can put the mineral powder treated by conventional processes such as grinding, pickling, magnetic separation, and flotation into a high-temperature furnace for Roasting, by controlling the roasting temperature and the roasting atmosphere, has a weak reducibility, so the heavy metal removal process of the present invention has low cost, high efficiency, and is easy to implement.
- the principle of the process for removing heavy metals from the porous ceramics of the present invention is that the process for removing heavy metals or heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, etc. from the ceramic matrix material, that is, the ore containing silicon oxide and alumina, is mainly based on the concentration of these heavy metal elements in the Volatile and redox properties at high temperatures. Due to the high melting point and high boiling point of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury are highly volatile. When the temperature is below 800 °C, the mercury and arsenic have volatilized.
- the invention utilizes the volatility and redox properties of heavy metals, and can put the mineral powder treated by conventional processes such as grinding, pickling, magnetic separation, flotation, etc. into a high-temperature furnace for roasting.
- the roasting atmosphere is as follows: Weak reducibility, while ensuring that the material layer has high air permeability, after a certain period of time, the impurities such as heavy metals in the mineral powder material are completely volatilized, and the porous ceramics with heavy metal powder removal can be obtained after natural annealing.
- a preparation method of heavy metal removal porous ceramics of the present invention comprises the following steps:
- the sintering process includes heating, heat preservation, and cooling. After cooling, the heavy metal-removing porous ceramic is obtained.
- the ceramic matrix material includes mineral powder, which is at least one of kaolin, diatomite, feldspar, quartz sand and bauxite, and the particle size of the mineral powder is 50-1000 mesh.
- the heavy metals include at least one of lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury.
- a preliminary treatment process is also included, and the preliminary treatment process includes the treatment processes of removing impurities, grinding, pickling, magnetic separation, and flotation for the ceramic base material.
- the roasting temperature is 1000-1700°C
- the reducing protective atmosphere is a mixture of reducing gas and inert gas, wherein the reducing gas is at least one of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and the inert gas is helium and argon , At least one of nitrogen, the volume ratio of reducing gas and inert gas is 1:50 ⁇ 1:4.
- step (3) according to parts by weight, 1-50 parts of functional materials or nano-silicon dioxide are also weighed, and the functional materials include moisture-sensitive materials or heat-generating materials.
- the humidity-sensitive ceramics can be made by adding humidity-sensitive materials, and the humidity-sensitive materials have the function of sensing and detecting humidity.
- Heat-generating ceramics can be made by adding heat-generating materials.
- Moisture sensitive materials include one or more of MgO, Cr2O3, TiO2, NH4VO3, ZnCr2O4, ZnO, SnO2, LiZnVO4, ZnCrVO4, V2O5, Fe2O3, Li2O, Na2O, K2O, and CaO.
- the heating material includes graphene oxide powder.
- the rotational speed of the ball milling device is 150-350 rpm
- the ball-milling time is 1-10 h
- the diameter of the abrasive is 1-20 mm.
- step (4) the baking and drying temperature is 60-120°C, and the baking-drying time is 2-12h; in step (5), the melting point of paraffin wax is 60-110°C, and the amount of paraffin added is mixed powder 10 to 60% of the weight.
- step (7) the dewaxing temperature is 400-800° C., and the dewaxing time is 2-12 hours.
- step (8) the heating rate is 1-5°C/min, the temperature for sintering and holding is 700-1300°C, and the time for sintering and holding is 2-12h.
- a porous ceramic for removing heavy metals is made from heavy metal removing powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid obtained after the ceramic matrix material is processed by the heavy metal removing process, and comprises by weight The following components: in addition to 20-80 parts of heavy metal powder, 1-30 parts of pore-forming agent, and 1-20 parts of sintering aid, the ceramic matrix material includes mineral powder material, and the mineral powder material is kaolin, diatomite, long-term At least one of stone, quartz sand and bauxite, and the particle size of the mineral powder material is 50-1000 mesh.
- the following components are also included in parts by weight: 1-50 parts of functional materials or nano-silicon dioxide, and the functional materials include moisture-sensitive materials or heat-generating materials.
- the humidity-sensitive material includes one or more of MgO, Cr2O3, TiO2, NH4VO3, ZnCr2O4, ZnO, SnO2, LiZnVO4, ZnCrVO4, V2O5, Fe2O3, Li2O, Na2O, K2O, and CaO
- the heating material includes graphene oxide powder.
- the pore-forming agent is at least one of graphite, starch, flour, soybean flour, polystyrene microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate microspheres, carbonate, ammonium salt, sucrose, and fibers, and the particle size of the pore-forming agent is 1 to 200 microns, and the sintering aid is at least one of boron oxide, boric acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, sodium silicate, calcium oxide, iron oxide, and titanium oxide.
- an atomizing core includes a liquid conducting liquid for conducting and heating the liquid to be atomized and a heating element arranged on the liquid conducting liquid.
- the item is made of porous ceramic except heavy metals.
- the sintering process includes heating, heat preservation and cooling.
- the heating rate is 2°C/min
- the sintering temperature is 1200 degrees
- the sintering holding time is 6h.
- the heavy metal removal porous ceramic of this embodiment is made of heavy metal removal powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid obtained after the ceramic matrix material is processed by the heavy metal removal process, and includes the following components by weight: 56% heavy metal removal powder body, 15% nano-silica powder, 25% pore-forming agent, 3% calcium oxide, 1% oleic acid, wherein the heavy metal removal powder is obtained from kaolin and quartz sand through the above heavy metal removal process.
- An atomizing core of this embodiment includes a conducting liquid for conducting and heating the liquid to be atomized, and a heating element arranged on the conducting liquid, and the conducting liquid is made of the above-mentioned porous ceramics for removing heavy metals.
- the heavy metal removal porous ceramic is made of heavy metal removal powder, pore-forming agent and sintering aid obtained after the ceramic matrix material is processed by the heavy metal removal process, and includes the following raw materials by weight: 56% heavy metal removal powder, 15% 25% of pore-forming agent, 3% of calcium oxide, 1% of oleic acid, wherein, the heavy metal removal powder is obtained from kaolin and quartz sand through the above heavy metal removal process.
- the porous ceramic atomizing core prepared according to the above method has greatly removed heavy metals or similar heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, etc., which can ensure the safety of long-term use by users, and avoid excessive intake of heavy metals and cause harm to the human body.
- the above three embodiments are the preparation method of the porous ceramics through the heavy metal removal process, or the porous ceramics and the atomizing core obtained through the heavy metal removal process of the present invention.
- Heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, mercury and their oxides can meet the requirements for heavy metal content in food-grade products, basically eliminating the harm of heavy metals to the human body.
- This comparative example adopts the porous ceramic atomization core without heavy metal removal process widely used in the current market and the heavy metal removal porous ceramic atomization core made by the above-mentioned embodiment.
- the data comparison is as follows:
- the porous ceramic atomizing core of the embodiment of the present invention after the heavy metal removal process, contains arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead and other heavy metal components that have been basically removed. Clear, the effect is obvious, the remaining content is very small, even if it is used for a long time, it will not cause harm to human health.
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Abstract
除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法、除重金属的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯，制备方法包括：(1)取矿物粉体在高温炉中并在还原性保护气氛下进行焙烧，控制炉温为1000～2000℃，进行重金属挥发，焙烧冷却后重新研磨得到除重金属粉体；(2)按照重量份称取除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，置于球磨装置中混合球磨；(3)将混合料烘烤干燥，将石蜡至融化状态，边搅拌边加入研磨干燥后的混合粉料，加入完毕后继续搅拌1～8h，得到石蜡浆料；(4)将石蜡浆料注入预先准备的模具中，冷却成型，得到蜡模；(5)将蜡模进行预加热进行除蜡，得到除蜡样；(6)将除蜡样进行烧结，降温，得到除重金属多孔陶瓷。
Description
本发明属于电子烟陶瓷雾化器技术领域，特别涉及一种除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法、除重金属的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯。
电子雾化器包括储液装置和雾化芯，储液装置中灌装有待雾化液，待雾化液即待雾化的液体可以是烟液或含有药物的溶液，雾化芯一般包括导液体和发热元件，导液体接收、渗透、传导储液装置中的待雾化液，发热元件通电后发热，发热元件将待雾化液进行加热、蒸发。雾化芯是电子雾化器的关键部件，其性能优劣直接决定了电子雾化器的雾化效果，加热效率及使用体验。
电子雾化器主要使用雾化芯将待雾化液加热雾化产生汽雾，雾化芯与待雾化液直接接触，并将待雾化液加热后雾化成气溶胶或蒸汽、汽雾供用户吸食，用于健康医护之用途，因此雾化芯材料的安全性是制造过程的关键考虑因素。市场上常见的雾化芯通过多孔陶瓷渗透加热待雾化液，其核心材料在于作为导液用的多孔陶瓷器件，通过对市场主流多孔陶瓷雾化芯产品的检测，发现多孔陶瓷雾化芯普遍存在重金属铅、镉、砷、汞等含量过高的问题，而这些重金属含量过高则在使用中容易析出而导致人体伤害。市场上多孔陶瓷雾化芯制造中通常采用天然矿物粉体原料，仅使用常规的破碎、清洗、酸洗、浮选、磁选等工艺处理，而没有专门的去除重金属工艺或去除重金属的多孔陶瓷的制备方法，因此其重金属含量控制得不到保障，重金属超出一定的含量，在长期使用过程中容易析出而导致存在安全隐患。
本发明的目的在于解决现有电子雾化器的陶瓷雾化芯中普遍存在重金属铅、镉、砷、汞等含量过高的问题，提供一种除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法、除重金属的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯。
本发明的技术解决方案是，一种除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取陶瓷基体材料，放入高温炉中并在还原性保护气氛下进行焙烧，控制炉温为1000～2000℃，进行重金属挥发，焙烧后进行冷却；
（2）将焙烧冷却后的陶瓷基体材料取出并置于球磨装置中研磨，得到除重金属粉体；
（3）按照重量份称取所述除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，置于球磨装置中混合球磨；
（4）将球磨后的混合料取出烘烤干燥，得到混合粉料；
（5）将石蜡加热至融化状态，边搅拌边加入所述混合粉料，加入完毕后继续搅拌1～8h，得到石蜡浆料；
（6）将所述石蜡浆料注入预先准备的模具中，冷却成型，经脱模后得到蜡模；
（7）将所述蜡模放入炉中预加热进行除蜡，得到除蜡样；
（8）将所述除蜡样放入炉中进行烧结，烧结过程包括升温、保温和降温，冷却后得到除重金属多孔陶瓷。
优选地，所述陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，所述矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，所述矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
优选地，所述重金属包括铅、镉、砷、汞中的至少一种。
优选地，所述步骤（1）前还包括初步处理工艺，所述初步处理工艺包括将陶瓷基体材料进行除杂、研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选的处理工艺。
优选地，所述步骤（2）中，焙烧温度为1000～1700℃，还原性保护气氛为还原性气体与惰性气体的混合物，其中还原性气体为氢气、一氧化碳中的至少一种，惰性气体为氦气、氩气、氮气中的至少一种，还原性气体与惰性气体的体积比为1:50～1:4。
优选地，所述步骤（3）中，按照重量份还包括称取1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，所述功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。
优选地，所述湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。
优选地，所述步骤（2）、（3）中，球磨装置转速为150～350rpm，球磨时间为1～10h，磨料直径为1～20mm。
优选地，所述步骤（4）中，烘烤干燥的温度为60～120℃，烘烤干燥的时间为2～12h；所述步骤（5）中，石蜡的熔点为60～110℃，石蜡的添加量为混合粉料重量的10～60%。
优选地，所述步骤（7）中，除蜡温度为400～800℃，除蜡时间为2～12h。
优选地，所述步骤（8）中，升温速度1～5℃/min，烧结保温的温度为700～1300℃，烧结保温时间为2～12h。
本发明的另一种技术解决方案是，一种除重金属的多孔陶瓷，由陶瓷基体材料经除重金属工艺处理后得到的除重金属粉体、造孔剂和烧结助剂制成，按重量份包括如下组分：除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，所述陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，所述矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，所述矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
优选地，按重量份还包括如下组分：1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，所述功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。
优选地，所述湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种，所述发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。
优选地，所述造孔剂为石墨、淀粉、面粉、豆粉、聚苯乙烯微球、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球、碳酸盐、铵盐、蔗糖、纤维中的至少一种，所述造孔剂粒径为1～200微米，所述烧结助剂为氧化硼、硼酸、油酸、硬脂酸、硅酸钠、氧化钙、氧化铁、氧化钛中的至少一种。
本发明的又一种技术解决方案是，一种雾化芯，包括用于传导并加热待雾化液的导液体和设于导液体上的发热元件，所述导液体由权利要求1～16任一项所述的除重金属的多孔陶瓷制成。
通过分析重金属在高温下可以挥发的物理化学特性，对陶瓷矿物原料进行高温除重金属工艺，得到除重金属的陶瓷粉体材料，在此基础上制备的多孔陶瓷雾化芯，已极大地去除了铅、镉、砷、汞等重金属或类重金属，可保证用户长期使用的安全性，避免重金属超标摄入而对人体产生危害。
本发明的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，利用了重金属的挥发性和氧化还原性，可以将经研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选等常规工艺处理后的矿物粉体放入高温炉内进行焙烧，通过控制焙烧温度、焙烧气氛为弱还原性，因此本发明的除重金属工艺成本低、效率高，容易实施。
本发明的多孔陶瓷除重金属工艺的原理是，从陶瓷基体材料即含有氧化硅、氧化铝的矿石中除铅、镉、砷、汞等重金属或类重金属的工艺，主要依据这几种重金属元素在高温下具有的挥发性和氧化还原性。由于氧化硅和氧化铝的高熔点和高沸点的特性，而铅、镉、砷、汞等重金属的挥发性较高，在800℃以下时，汞、砷已经挥发，在800℃时，金属镉已开始挥发，在1000℃以上时，金属铅已开始挥发。而在1000℃以上的高温条件下，铅、镉的氧化物也容易在还原性气氛下还原、挥发。
本发明利用重金属的挥发性和氧化还原性，可以将经研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选等常规工艺处理后的矿物粉体放入高温炉内进行焙烧，通过控制焙烧温度，焙烧气氛为弱还原性，同时保证料层具有较高的透气性，经过一定时间后，矿物粉体料中的重金属等杂质彻底挥发，自然退火后即可得到除重金属粉体的多孔陶瓷。
本发明的一种除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取陶瓷基体材料，放入高温炉中并在还原性保护气氛下进行焙烧，控制炉温为1000～2000℃，进行重金属挥发，焙烧后进行冷却；
（2）将焙烧冷却后的陶瓷基体材料取出并置于球磨装置中研磨，得到除重金属粉体；
（3）按照重量份称取除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，置于球磨装置中混合球磨；
（4）将球磨后的混合料取出烘烤干燥，得到混合粉料；
（5）将石蜡加热至融化状态，边搅拌边加入混合粉料，加入完毕后继续搅拌1～8h，得到石蜡浆料；
（6）将石蜡浆料注入预先准备的模具中，冷却成型，经脱模后得到蜡模；
（7）将蜡模放入炉中预加热进行除蜡，得到除蜡样；
（8）将除蜡样放入炉中进行烧结，烧结过程包括升温、保温和降温，冷却后得到除重金属多孔陶瓷。
其中，陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
重金属包括铅、镉、砷、汞中的至少一种。
步骤（1）前还包括初步处理工艺，初步处理工艺包括将陶瓷基体材料进行除杂、研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选的处理工艺。
步骤（2）中，焙烧温度为1000～1700℃，还原性保护气氛为还原性气体与惰性气体的混合物，其中还原性气体为氢气、一氧化碳中的至少一种，惰性气体为氦气、氩气、氮气中的至少一种，还原性气体与惰性气体的体积比为1:50～1:4。
步骤（3）中，按照重量份还包括称取1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。加入湿敏材料可制成湿敏陶瓷，湿敏材料具有对湿度感应和检测的功能。加入发热材料可制成发热陶瓷，发热材料具有发热电阻，其通电时可以发出热量进行加热。
湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种。
发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。
步骤（2）、（3）中，球磨装置转速为150～350rpm，球磨时间为1～10h，磨料直径为1～20mm。
步骤（4）中，烘烤干燥的温度为60～120℃，烘烤干燥的时间为2～12h；步骤（5）中，石蜡的熔点为60～110℃，石蜡的添加量为混合粉料重量的10～60%。
步骤（7）中，除蜡温度为400～800℃，除蜡时间为2～12h。
步骤（8）中，升温速度1～5℃/min，烧结保温的温度为700～1300℃，烧结保温时间为2～12h。
本发明的另一种技术解决方案是，一种除重金属的多孔陶瓷，由陶瓷基体材料经除重金属工艺处理后得到的除重金属粉体、造孔剂和烧结助剂制成，按重量份包括如下组分：除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
其中，按重量份还包括如下组分：1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种，发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。造孔剂为石墨、淀粉、面粉、豆粉、聚苯乙烯微球、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球、碳酸盐、铵盐、蔗糖、纤维中的至少一种，造孔剂粒径为1～200微米，烧结助剂为氧化硼、硼酸、油酸、硬脂酸、硅酸钠、氧化钙、氧化铁、氧化钛中的至少一种。
本发明的又一种技术解决方案是，一种雾化芯，包括用于传导并加热待雾化液的导液体和设于导液体上的发热元件，导液体由权利要求1～16任一项的除重金属的多孔陶瓷制成。
下面将通过具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例一
本实施例的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取100g颗粒度100目的高岭土，采用除杂、研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选的处理工艺进行初步处理；
（2）将初步处理后的矿物粉体料放入高温炉中并在还原性保护气氛下进行焙烧，进行重金属挥发，焙烧温度1500度，保温时间8h，还原性保护气氛为一氧化碳和氩气的混合气体，其中一氧化碳体积百分比为5%，焙烧结束后自然退火冷却；
（3）将焙烧冷却后的矿物粉体料取出并置于球磨装置中研磨，得到除重金属粉体；
（4）按照重量百分比称取56%的除重金属粉体、15%的纳米二氧化硅粉、25%的造孔剂、3%的氧化钙，1%的油酸置于球磨装置中混合球磨，其中，造孔剂为粒径5微米的淀粉，球磨装置的转速300rpm，球磨时间12h，磨料颗粒直径25mm；
（5）将球磨好的混合料在60℃烘箱中烘烤12h后得到干燥的混合粉料；
（6）称取按上述混合粉料重量40%的石蜡，该石蜡熔点为60℃，将石蜡加热至融化状态，边搅拌边加入上述混合粉料，加入完毕后继续搅拌以65℃混炼6小时，得到石蜡浆料；
（7）将石蜡浆料注入预先准备的模具中，冷却成型，经脱模后得到蜡模；
（8）将蜡膜放入炉中在空气气氛中加热至600℃进行除蜡，除蜡时间为8h，得到除蜡样；
（9）将除蜡样放入炉中在空气气氛中进行烧结，烧结过程包括升温、保温和降温，升温速度为2℃/min，烧结温度为1200度，烧结保温时间为6h，冷却后得到除重金属多孔陶瓷。
实施例二
本实施例的除重金属多孔陶瓷，由陶瓷基体材料经除重金属工艺处理后得到的除重金属粉体、造孔剂和烧结助剂制成，按重量份包括如下组分：56%的除重金属粉体、15%的纳米二氧化硅粉、25%的造孔剂、3%的氧化钙，1%的油酸，其中，除重金属粉体由高岭土、石英砂经上述除重金属工艺处理后得到。
实施例三
本实施例的一种雾化芯，包括用于传导并加热待雾化液的导液体和设于导液体上的发热元件，导液体由上述除重金属的多孔陶瓷制成。该除重金属多孔陶瓷，由陶瓷基体材料经除重金属工艺处理后得到的除重金属粉体、造孔剂和烧结助剂制成，其包括如下重量百分比原料：56%的除重金属粉体、15%的纳米二氧化硅粉、25%的造孔剂、3%的氧化钙，1%的油酸，其中，除重金属粉体由高岭土、石英砂经上述除重金属工艺处理后得到。
根据上述方法制备的多孔陶瓷雾化芯，已极大地去除了铅、镉、砷、汞等重金属或类重金属，可保证用户长期使用的安全性，避免重金属超标摄入而对人体产生危害。
上述三个实施例为本发明经过除重金属工艺的多孔陶瓷的制备方法、或经过除重金属工艺得到的多孔陶瓷及雾化芯，最大限度地去除了天然矿物粉体料中含有的主要包括铅、镉、砷、汞及其氧化物等重金属，可达到食品级产品中对重金属含量的要求，基本消除了重金属对人体的伤害。
对比例
本对比例采用现行市场上广泛使用的未经除重金属工艺的多孔陶瓷雾化芯与上述实施例制成的除重金属多孔陶瓷雾化芯，分别就其中含有的主要重金属成分进行实验检测，得到相关数据对比如下：
由上述数据可知，相比于未经过除重金属工艺的对比例，本发明实施例的多孔陶瓷雾化芯，经过除重金属工艺后，其含有的砷、镉、汞、铅等重金属成分已基本被清除，效果明显，剩余含量已非常微小，即使长期使用，其也不会对人体健康造成危害。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明权利要求范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明权利要求的涵盖范围。
Claims (17)
- 一种除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）取陶瓷基体材料，放入高温炉中并在还原性保护气氛下进行焙烧，控制炉温为1000～2000℃，进行重金属挥发，焙烧后进行冷却；（2）将焙烧冷却后的陶瓷基体材料取出并置于球磨装置中研磨，得到除重金属粉体；（3）按照重量份称取所述除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，置于球磨装置中混合球磨；（4）将球磨后的混合料取出烘烤干燥，得到混合粉料；（5）将石蜡加热至融化状态，边搅拌边加入所述混合粉料，加入完毕后继续搅拌1～8h，得到石蜡浆料；（6）将所述石蜡浆料注入预先准备的模具中，冷却成型，经脱模后得到蜡模；（7）将所述蜡模放入炉中预加热进行除蜡，得到除蜡样；（8）将所述除蜡样放入炉中进行烧结，烧结过程包括升温、保温和降温，冷却后得到除重金属多孔陶瓷。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，所述矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，所述矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述重金属包括铅、镉、砷、汞中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（1）前还包括初步处理工艺，所述初步处理工艺包括将陶瓷基体材料进行除杂、研磨、酸洗、磁选、浮选的处理工艺。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中，焙烧温度为1000～1700℃，还原性保护气氛为还原性气体与惰性气体的混合物，其中还原性气体为氢气、一氧化碳中的至少一种，惰性气体为氦气、氩气、氮气中的至少一种，还原性气体与惰性气体的体积比为1:50～1:4。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中，按照重量份还包括称取1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，所述功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。
- 根据权利要求6所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求6所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）、（3）中，球磨装置转速为150～350rpm，球磨时间为1～10h，磨料直径为1～20mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（4）中，烘烤干燥的温度为60～120℃，烘烤干燥的时间为2～12h；所述步骤（5）中，石蜡的熔点为60～110℃，石蜡的添加量为混合粉料重量的10～60%。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（7）中，除蜡温度为400～800℃，除蜡时间为2～12h。
- 根据权利要求1所述的除重金属多孔陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（8）中，升温速度1～5℃/min，烧结保温的温度为700～1300℃，烧结保温时间为2～12h。
- 一种除重金属的多孔陶瓷，其特征在于，由陶瓷基体材料经除重金属工艺处理后得到的除重金属粉体、造孔剂和烧结助剂制成，按重量份包括如下组分：除重金属粉体20～80份、造孔剂1～30份、烧结助剂1～20份，所述陶瓷基体材料包括矿物粉体料，所述矿物粉体料为高岭土、硅藻土、长石、石英砂、铝土矿中的至少一种，所述矿物粉体料的粒度为50～1000目。
- 根据权利要求13所述的除重金属的多孔陶瓷，其特征在于，按重量份还包括如下组分：1-50份功能性材料或纳米二氧化硅，所述功能性材料包括湿敏材料或发热材料。
- 根据权利要求14所述的除重金属的多孔陶瓷，其特征在于，所述湿敏材料包括MgO、Cr2O3、TiO2、NH4VO3、ZnCr2O4、ZnO、SnO2、LiZnVO4、ZnCrVO4，V2O5、Fe2O3、Li2O、Na2O、K2O、CaO中的一种或多种，所述发热材料包括氧化石墨烯粉体。
- 根据权利要求13所述的除重金属的多孔陶瓷，其特征在于，所述造孔剂为石墨、淀粉、面粉、豆粉、聚苯乙烯微球、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球、碳酸盐、铵盐、蔗糖、纤维中的至少一种，所述造孔剂粒径为1～200微米，所述烧结助剂为氧化硼、硼酸、油酸、硬脂酸、硅酸钠、氧化钙、氧化铁、氧化钛中的至少一种。
- 一种雾化芯，其特征在于，包括用于传导并加热待雾化液的导液体和设于导液体上的发热元件，所述导液体由权利要求1～16任一项所述的除重金属的多孔陶瓷制成。
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