WO2022145384A1 - 極低温液体用配管構造及びそれを備えた船舶 - Google Patents
極低温液体用配管構造及びそれを備えた船舶 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022145384A1 WO2022145384A1 PCT/JP2021/048301 JP2021048301W WO2022145384A1 WO 2022145384 A1 WO2022145384 A1 WO 2022145384A1 JP 2021048301 W JP2021048301 W JP 2021048301W WO 2022145384 A1 WO2022145384 A1 WO 2022145384A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- temperature
- low
- low temperature
- structural material
- Prior art date
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 80
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 80
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 55
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L3/00—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
- F16L3/02—Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B2025/087—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising self-contained tanks installed in the ship structure as separate units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2231/00—Material used for some parts or elements, or for particular purposes
- B63B2231/02—Metallic materials
- B63B2231/04—Irons, steels or ferrous alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0355—Insulation thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0358—Pipes coaxial
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0642—Composition; Humidity
- F17C2250/0647—Concentration of a product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
- F17C2260/053—Reducing corrosion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a piping structure for an ultra-low temperature liquid applied to a ship that stores an ultra-low temperature liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C or less at normal pressure, and a ship.
- Patent Document 1 is known as a pipe for flowing an ultra-low temperature liquid as described above.
- the pipe of Patent Document 1 is a pipe (double pipe) having a double structure for flowing liquefied hydrogen having a boiling point of -253 ° C at normal pressure, and is arranged concentrically. It has a pipe and an outer pipe. A vacuum layer for blocking heat transfer is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. Due to the heat insulating action of this vacuum layer, the liquefied hydrogen inside the inner tube is maintained at a temperature below its boiling point.
- this liquefied air passes through the surface of the outer pipe and the like, and is a structural material that constitutes the hull of the ship located below the double pipe. Drop into.
- the structural material is significantly cooled by the liquefied air. Since the structural material is usually composed of general structural mild steel, when cooled by liquefied air, low temperature embrittlement may occur, which becomes brittle due to a decrease in temperature.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and the structural material of the ship is affected by the dripping of liquefied air formed on the surface of the pipe as the temperature of the pipe through which the cryogenic liquid flows decreases. It is an object of the present invention to provide a piping structure for a cryogenic liquid capable of suppressing brittleness, and a ship.
- the cryogenic liquid piping structure is a piping structure applied to a ship that stores a cryogenic liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C. or lower at normal pressure, and is derived from the structural material of the ship.
- a low-temperature pipe that is routed along the structural material at a position away from above and through which the cryogenic liquid flows, and a low-temperature pipe that is provided below the low-temperature pipe so as to cover the structural material and liquefies on the surface of the low-temperature pipe. It is provided with a porous heat radiating layer that receives and evaporates the dripping of the liquefied air when air is formed.
- the ship according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a ship that stores an ultra-low temperature liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C or lower at normal pressure, and has a hull having a predetermined structural material and the above-mentioned piping structure for ultra-low temperature liquid. And.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a hydrogen pipe. It is a side view which shows the piping structure for an ultra-low temperature liquid. It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG.
- the ship 1 shown in this figure is a liquefied hydrogen carrier that stores and transports liquefied hydrogen L (FIG. 2), and includes a hull 2 and a plurality of tanks 3 mounted on the hull 2.
- the liquefied hydrogen L stored and transported by the ship 1 is hydrogen in a liquid state cooled to a temperature below the boiling point of -253 ° C at normal pressure, and corresponds to an example of an ultra-low temperature liquid in the present disclosure. ..
- the hull 2 has a plurality of cargo holds 5 opened upward in the area corresponding to each tank 3.
- a partition wall 6 for partitioning the two cargo compartments 5 is formed between the adjacent cargo compartments 5.
- Hull 2 also has a deck 7 around the cargo hold 5.
- the deck 7 includes a forecastle 7a located in front of the cargo hold 5, a pair of side decks 7b and 7c located on the left and right sides of the cargo hold 5, and a stern deck 7d located behind the cargo hold 5.
- the hull 2 is made of a steel material other than low temperature steel.
- each deck 7a to 7d is made of general structural mild steel.
- the type of structural mild steel is not particularly limited, but as an example, SS material (general structural rolled steel material) specified in JIS standards may be used.
- Each tank 3 is a cylindrical tank that is long in the captain direction of the ship 1, and is housed in the cargo hold 5.
- Each tank 3 has an inner tank 3a in which liquefied hydrogen L is stored inside, and an outer tank 3b concentrically arranged outside the inner tank 3a.
- a vacuum layer 3c for heat insulation is formed between the inner tank 3a and the outer tank 3b.
- the vacuum layer 3c is a closed space that can communicate with a suction device (not shown).
- a tank cover 4 is arranged above each tank 3.
- Each tank cover 4 constitutes a part of the hull 2 and forms a storage space S for the tank 3 in cooperation with the cargo hold 5.
- the tank cover 4 is made of a steel material other than low-temperature steel.
- the tank cover 4 is made of a general structural mild steel such as the SS material described above.
- the tank cover 4 is made of a steel material in which low-temperature embrittlement, which is embrittled under extremely low temperature conditions, is more likely to occur than low-temperature steel.
- a hydrogen pipe 10 is arranged on the upper surface of the tank cover 4.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 is used when at least the liquefied hydrogen L in the tank 3 is loaded and unloaded from the ship 1, and the liquefied hydrogen L is a pipe through which the liquefied hydrogen L flows.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 is arranged so as to extend along the upper surface of the tank cover 4 while being appropriately curved at a position away from the upper surface of the tank cover 4.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 corresponds to an example of the low temperature pipe in the present disclosure.
- the tank cover 4 located below the hydrogen pipe 10 corresponds to an example of the structural material of a ship in the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the structure of the hydrogen pipe 10.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 includes an inner pipe 10a through which liquefied hydrogen L can flow, an outer pipe 10b concentrically arranged outside the inner pipe 10a, and an inner pipe 10a and an outer pipe 10b. It is a multiplex tube provided with a vacuum layer 10c for heat insulation formed between the and.
- the vacuum layer 10c is a closed space that can communicate with the suction device 12 via the suction port 11 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- At least the inner pipe 10a of the hydrogen pipe 10 is made of low-temperature steel having a property of being hard to become brittle even under extremely low temperature conditions.
- the outer pipe 10b is made of low temperature steel.
- the material of the outer pipe 10b does not necessarily have to be steel for low temperature, and various metals and resins can be applied.
- FIG. 4 and 5 are side views and sectional views showing a piping structure for an ultra-low temperature liquid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the liquefied hydrogen L (see FIG. 3) is shown inside the inner pipe 10a.
- the direction parallel to the axis of the hydrogen pipe 10 is referred to as the pipe axis direction X
- the direction orthogonal to the pipe axis direction X and the vertical direction (vertical direction) is referred to as the pipe axis orthogonal direction Y.
- the cryogenic liquid piping structure is a piping structure applied to a ship 1 that stores and transports liquefied hydrogen L, which is a cryogenic liquid, and in addition to the hydrogen piping 10 described above, a heat dissipation layer 20 and a plurality of support members 30. And prepare.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 has a structure in which a plurality of unit pipes 10A having a predetermined length are connected in the pipe axis direction X.
- a suction device 12 for evacuating and maintaining the vacuum layer 10c is connected to each of the plurality of unit pipes 10A via a suction port 11. That is, the vacuuming by the suction device 12 of the vacuum layer 10c in the hydrogen pipe 10 is not performed by the entire length of the hydrogen pipe 10, but is performed separately for each unit pipe 10A.
- the vacuum layer 10c in the hydrogen pipe 10 can be quickly reached to a predetermined vacuum degree, and when a phenomenon of a decrease in the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer 10c occurs, the phenomenon is caused in a part section of the hydrogen pipe 10. You can stop it.
- the heat radiation layer 20 is a porous layer having a large number of holes inside, which is provided below the hydrogen pipe 10 so as to cover the upper surface of the tank cover 4.
- the heat radiating layer 20 is provided on the upper surface of the tank cover 4 over the entire area where the hydrogen pipe 10 is arranged.
- the heat dissipation layer 20 is made of one or more materials selected from asphalt, concrete and mortar.
- the plurality of support members 30 are arranged so as to line up in the pipe axis direction X on the upper surface of the tank cover 4.
- Each support member 30 supports the hydrogen pipe 10 at a position upward away from the tank cover 4 and comes into contact with the hydrogen pipe 10.
- Each support member 30 has a seat portion 31, a pair of leg portions 32, and a fixture 33.
- the seat portion 31 is a plate-shaped member extending in the direction Y orthogonal to the pipe axis, and is arranged directly below the hydrogen pipe 10.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the seat portion 31 by the fixing tool 33.
- the seat portion 31 contacts the lower surface of the hydrogen pipe 10 and directly supports the hydrogen pipe 10.
- the seat portion 31 contacts the lower surface of the outer pipe 10b and supports the outer pipe 10b.
- Fixture 33 is a fastening member formed in an inverted U shape when viewed from the front. Specifically, the fixture 33 has an upper portion 33a extending in the direction perpendicular to the pipe axis Y, and a pair of side portions 33b extending downward from both ends of the upper portion 33a. The pair of side portions 33b are fastened to the seat portion 31 from above at positions on both the left and right sides of the hydrogen pipe 10. As a result, the hydrogen pipe 10 is sandwiched between the upper portion 33a and the seat portion 31, and the hydrogen pipe 10 is fixed to the support member 30.
- a lubricating member or a low friction member may be arranged between the outer pipe 10b and the seat portion 31 to allow relative movement between the outer pipe 10b and the seat portion 31 due to heat shrinkage or the like.
- the pair of leg portions 32 are formed so as to extend downward from both left and right ends of the seat portion 31, that is, both ends of the seat portion 31 in the direction perpendicular to the tube axis.
- the lower ends of the legs 32 are fixed to the upper surface of the tank cover 4 via the heat radiation layer 20.
- the support member 30 is made of low temperature steel having a property of being hard to become brittle even under extremely low temperature conditions.
- each part constituting the support member 30, that is, the seat portion 31, the leg portion 32, and the fixture 33 can be made of austenitic stainless steel, which is a kind of low temperature steel.
- austenitic stainless steel low carbon stainless steel such as SUS304L or SUS316L specified in JIS standard is particularly suitable.
- an aluminum alloy or the like which is a low-temperature steel other than austenitic stainless steel.
- the porous heat dissipation layer 20 is provided below the hydrogen pipe 10 for flowing the liquefied hydrogen L so as to cover the tank cover 4, and the hydrogen pipe 10 is made of low-temperature steel. It is supported via the support member 30. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is possible to suppress the embrittlement of the tank cover 4 due to the influence of the dripping of the liquefied air formed on the surface of the hydrogen pipe 10 as the temperature of the hydrogen pipe 10 decreases.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 has a double structure including an inner pipe 10a and an outer pipe 10b, and a vacuum layer 10c is formed between the inner pipes 10a and 10b, so that the degree of vacuum of the vacuum layer 10c is sufficient. Even if the liquefied hydrogen L flows inside the inner pipe 10a, the temperature of the outer pipe 10b is maintained at a value sufficiently higher than the temperature of the inner pipe 10a. However, the degree of vacuum of the vacuum layer 10c may decrease due to the long-term operation of the ship 1, and when such a decrease in the degree of vacuum occurs, heat transfer between the inner pipe 10a and the outer pipe 10b occurs. It is promoted and the temperature difference between the outer tube 10b and the inner tube 10a is reduced. In an extreme case, it is possible that the temperature of the outer tube 10b drops to a temperature close to -253 ° C or lower, which is the temperature of the liquefied hydrogen inside the inner tube 10a.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 has a structure in which a plurality of unit pipes 10A are connected, and the degree of vacuum of the vacuum layer 10c is maintained separately for each unit pipe 10A. Therefore, the degree of vacuum of the vacuum layer 10c does not uniformly decrease in the entire length of the hydrogen pipe 10, and the degree of decrease in the degree of vacuum may differ depending on each unit pipe 10A. Therefore, even if the temperature of the outer pipe 10b drops to a temperature close to that of the liquefied hydrogen L, such a phenomenon usually occurs only in a part of the hydrogen pipe 10. For these reasons, in the following, a part of the hydrogen pipe 10 whose surface temperature has dropped to a temperature close to that of liquefied hydrogen L will be referred to as a temperature drop portion in particular.
- the crew of the ship 1 When a temperature drop portion occurs in the hydrogen pipe 10, the crew of the ship 1 performs the work of repairing the unit pipe 10A corresponding to the temperature drop portion and the work of replacing the unit pipe 10A with a new unit pipe 10A.
- nitrogen and oxygen in the air may condense on the surface of the outer pipe 10b in the temperature lowering portion of the hydrogen pipe 10, and liquefied air may be formed.
- liquefied air passes through the surface of the outer pipe 10b and is dropped onto the tank cover 4 located below the temperature drop portion, the tank cover 4 is significantly cooled by the liquefied air. Since the tank cover 4 is usually made of general structural mild steel, when cooled by liquefied air, low temperature embrittlement that becomes brittle due to a decrease in temperature may occur.
- a porous heat dissipation layer 20 is provided below the hydrogen pipe 10 so as to cover the tank cover 4.
- the liquefied air dropped from the hydrogen pipe 10 can be accurately received by the heat radiating layer 20, and the received liquefied air can be rapidly evaporated by the temperature of the heat radiating layer 20.
- the heat radiating layer 20 is a layer that is porous and has a large surface area, it is easy to evaporate the received liquefied air. Therefore, it is unlikely that the liquefied air reaches the tank cover 4 and the tank cover 4 is remarkably cooled, so that the tank cover 4 can be appropriately protected from low temperature embrittlement.
- the heat dissipation layer 20 is composed of one or more kinds of materials originally selected from porous asphalt, concrete and mortar.
- the heat radiating layer 20 may be formed of a single layer of asphalt, or may be formed of a laminated body of asphalt and concrete. Asphalt, concrete and mortar have the property that low temperature embrittlement is unlikely to occur. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the low temperature embrittlement of the heat radiating layer 20 that may occur when the liquefied air is dropped from the hydrogen pipe 10 to the heat radiating layer 20. Further, by using these materials, the porous heat dissipation layer 20 can be easily and inexpensively formed on the upper surface of the tank cover 4.
- the heat dissipation layer 20 is provided on the upper surface of the tank cover 4 over the entire area where the hydrogen pipe 10 is arranged.
- the temperature of the hydrogen pipe 10 is significantly increased at a plurality of places. Even if the decrease occurs, the dripping of the liquefied air generated in each temperature decrease portion can be accurately received by the heat radiating layer 20.
- the temperature of the outer pipe 10b is lowered to a temperature close to the temperature of the liquefied hydrogen L. Therefore, if the support member 30 is provided in such a temperature lowering portion, the temperature lowering portion is concerned.
- the support member 30 is remarkably cooled by the heat conduction from. In particular, among the support members 30, the seat portion 31 and the fixture 33 that come into contact with the hydrogen pipe 10 are remarkably cooled. If the material of the support member 30 is a general structural mild steel similar to that of the tank cover 4, the support member 30 may become brittle due to low temperature embrittlement, and the hydrogen pipe 10 may not be properly supported.
- the material of the support member 30 is a low-temperature steel that does not easily become brittle even under extremely low temperature conditions. Therefore, even if the support member 30 is significantly cooled, the low temperature embrittlement of the support member 30 can be sufficiently suppressed, and the support strength of the hydrogen pipe 10 by the support member 30 can be well maintained. ..
- the heat radiating layer 20 is provided over the entire area where the hydrogen pipe 10 is arranged on the upper surface of the tank cover 4
- the structure is not limited to such a structure.
- the heat dissipation layer 20 may be provided on the upper surface of the tank cover 4 so as to extend along the pipe axial direction X of the hydrogen pipe 10 over the entire length of the hydrogen pipe 10.
- the heat dissipation layer 20 is provided only at a position below such a place. May be good.
- the hydrogen pipe 10 can be arranged not only above the tank cover 4 but also above the deck 7. However, it can also be arranged in a room such as a cargo equipment room. Even when the hydrogen pipe is arranged in a place other than above the tank cover 4 as described above, the heat dissipation layer 20 is provided in a place other than above the tank cover 4, and the support structure is provided by the support member 30 as in the above embodiment. Can be applied.
- a double pipe having an inner pipe 10a and an outer pipe 10b and having a vacuum layer 10c formed between them is adopted, but has a non-double structure without a vacuum layer.
- the pipe is also possible to use the pipe as a low temperature pipe.
- a pipe provided with a main pipe made of low-temperature steel and a heat insulating layer such as a urethane layer formed on the outer surface thereof can be used as the low-temperature pipe.
- the piping structure of the present disclosure is applied to a ship 1 that stores and transports liquefied hydrogen L having a boiling point of -253 ° C at normal pressure
- the ship to which the piping structure of the present disclosure can be applied may be a ship that stores an extremely low temperature liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C or less at normal pressure, and the piping structure of the present disclosure can be applied to various ships as long as it is used. Is.
- the piping structure of the present disclosure can be similarly applied to a ship that stores liquefied helium having a boiling point of -269 ° C at normal pressure and liquefied nitrogen having a boiling point of -196 ° C at normal pressure. Is.
- the cryogenic liquid piping structure is a piping structure applied to a ship that stores a cryogenic liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C. or lower at normal pressure, and is derived from the structural material of the ship.
- a low-temperature pipe that is routed along the structural material at a position away from above and through which the cryogenic liquid flows, and a low-temperature pipe that is provided below the low-temperature pipe so as to cover the structural material and liquefies on the surface of the low-temperature pipe. It is provided with a porous heat radiating layer that receives and evaporates the dripping of the liquefied air when air is formed.
- the surface temperature of at least a part of the low temperature pipe through which the extremely low temperature liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C or less at normal pressure flows may drop to a temperature close to that of the extremely low temperature liquid.
- Nitrogen and oxygen in the air may condense on the surface of the temperature-reduced portion where the temperature is significantly reduced in the low-temperature piping, and liquefied air may be formed.
- liquefied air runs down the surface of the low-temperature pipe and is dropped onto the structural material of a ship located below the low-temperature pipe, the structural material is significantly cooled by the liquefied air.
- the structural material of a ship is usually composed of general structural mild steel, low temperature embrittlement, which becomes brittle due to a decrease in temperature, may occur when cooled by liquefied air.
- a porous heat dissipation layer is provided below the low temperature pipe so as to cover the structural material. Therefore, the liquefied air dropped from the low temperature pipe can be accurately received and evaporated by the heat radiating layer. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquefied air from reaching the structural material of the ship with a sufficiently high probability, and it is possible to appropriately protect the structural material from low temperature embrittlement.
- the heat radiating layer may be composed of one or more kinds of materials selected from asphalt, concrete and mortar.
- Asphalt, concrete and mortar have the property that low temperature embrittlement is unlikely to occur. Therefore, it is possible to suppress low-temperature embrittlement of the heat-dissipating layer that may occur when liquefied air is dropped from the low-temperature piping onto the heat-dissipating layer. Further, by using these materials, a porous heat dissipation layer can be easily and inexpensively formed on the structural material of a ship.
- the heat radiating layer may be provided over the entire area of the structural material to which the low-temperature piping is arranged.
- the above-mentioned piping structure for ultra-low temperature liquid further includes a support member that supports the low-temperature pipe and is in contact with the low-temperature pipe at a position upward away from the structural material, and the support member is more than the said structural material. It may be made of low-temperature steel that is unlikely to cause low-temperature embrittlement.
- the support member supporting the low temperature pipe can be significantly cooled by heat conduction from the low temperature pipe.
- the material of the support member is the same as that of the structural material of the ship, the support member may become brittle due to low temperature embrittlement and the low temperature pipe may not be properly supported.
- the material of the support member is a low-temperature steel that is less likely to cause low-temperature embrittlement than the structural material. Therefore, even if the support member is significantly cooled, low-temperature embrittlement of the support member can be sufficiently suppressed, and the support strength of the low-temperature pipe by the support member can be maintained satisfactorily.
- the ship according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a ship that stores an ultra-low temperature liquid having a boiling point of -196 ° C or lower at normal pressure, and has a hull having a predetermined structural material and the above-mentioned piping structure for ultra-low temperature liquid. And.
- the structural materials constituting the hull can be protected from low temperature embrittlement.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 常圧での沸点が-196℃以下の極低温液体を貯留する船舶に適用される配管構造であって、
前記船舶の構造材から上方に離れた位置で当該構造材に沿って配索され、前記極低温液体が流通する低温配管と、
前記低温配管の下方において前記構造材を覆うように設けられ、前記低温配管の表面に液化空気が形成された場合に当該液化空気の滴下を受け止めて蒸発させる多孔質の放熱層と、を備える、極低温液体用配管構造。 - 前記放熱層は、アスファルト、コンクリート及びモルタルから選ばれる一種又は二種以上の材料からなる、請求項1に記載の極低温液体用配管構造。
- 前記放熱層は、前記構造材における前記低温配管が配索される領域の全域にわたって設けられる、請求項1又は2に記載の極低温液体用配管構造。
- 前記構造材から上方に離れた位置に前記低温配管を支持し且つ当該低温配管に接触する支持部材を、更に備え、
前記支持部材は、前記構造材よりも低温脆化が起こり難い低温用鋼により構成されている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の極低温液体用配管構造。 - 常圧での沸点が-196℃以下の極低温液体を貯留する船舶であって、
所定の構造材を有する船体と、
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の極低温液体用配管構造と、を備える、船舶。
Priority Applications (3)
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KR1020237020819A KR20230107681A (ko) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-24 | 극저온 액체용 배관 구조 및 그것을 구비한 선박 |
EP21915244.4A EP4249364A4 (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-24 | PIPING STRUCTURE FOR EXTREMELY LOW TEMPERATURE FLUID AND WATERCRAFT WITH IT |
CN202180086739.7A CN116648404A (zh) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-24 | 极低温液体用配管结构及具备该结构的船舶 |
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JP2020-218810 | 2020-12-28 | ||
JP2020218810A JP2022103901A (ja) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | 極低温液体用配管構造及びそれを備えた船舶 |
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JP (1) | JP2022103901A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230107681A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2022145384A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2004190759A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 低温配管の支持構造 |
KR20140132867A (ko) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-19 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 매니폴더 플랫폼 데크의 단열구조물 및 이를 이용한 선박 |
JP2015004382A (ja) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-01-08 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 二重殻タンクおよび液化ガス運搬船 |
JP2017020914A (ja) | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-26 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 液化水素用二重管の寿命判定方法及びその装置 |
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KR101873459B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-08-02 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 플랜지용 트레이 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 JP JP2020218810A patent/JP2022103901A/ja active Pending
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2021
- 2021-12-24 CN CN202180086739.7A patent/CN116648404A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-24 WO PCT/JP2021/048301 patent/WO2022145384A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-12-24 EP EP21915244.4A patent/EP4249364A4/en active Pending
- 2021-12-24 KR KR1020237020819A patent/KR20230107681A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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JP2004190759A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 低温配管の支持構造 |
KR20140132867A (ko) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-19 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 매니폴더 플랫폼 데크의 단열구조물 및 이를 이용한 선박 |
JP2015004382A (ja) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-01-08 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 二重殻タンクおよび液化ガス運搬船 |
JP2017020914A (ja) | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-26 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 液化水素用二重管の寿命判定方法及びその装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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KR20230107681A (ko) | 2023-07-17 |
CN116648404A (zh) | 2023-08-25 |
EP4249364A4 (en) | 2024-05-08 |
EP4249364A1 (en) | 2023-09-27 |
JP2022103901A (ja) | 2022-07-08 |
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