WO2022143702A1 - 一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合 - Google Patents

一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143702A1
WO2022143702A1 PCT/CN2021/142212 CN2021142212W WO2022143702A1 WO 2022143702 A1 WO2022143702 A1 WO 2022143702A1 CN 2021142212 W CN2021142212 W CN 2021142212W WO 2022143702 A1 WO2022143702 A1 WO 2022143702A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
track
nut
way
screw
way tooth
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PCT/CN2021/142212
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
米建军
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米建军
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Application filed by 米建军 filed Critical 米建军
Publication of WO2022143702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143702A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of track fasteners, in particular to a combination of a fastener and a track fastener.
  • Fasteners are widely used in various fields and play a very important role in the performance and safety of the fastened parts, while the rail transit system uses vehicles running on a fixed fixed track, which has the advantages of fast operation speed, large carrying capacity and little impact on the environment. , low energy consumption, safety, expansion of urban space and other advantages, the track of rail transit is the basis of vehicle operation, the track needs to be fixed safely and reliably to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle, the track fixing needs to use a combination of track fasteners, and the track fasteners must pass through It has been used for many years without loosening. The existing track fasteners still have the problem of loosening and often need to be inspected and maintained. Therefore, it is necessary to design more secure and reliable fasteners to save manpower and material resources and reduce risks.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a combination of a fastener and a rail fastener, specifically by setting one-way teeth on the thread surface of the thread of the fastener to prevent the fastener from loosening, and the bolts of the rail fastener combination are provided with mutual The meshing one-way teeth prevent the screw and the nut from loosening through the meshing teeth, thus preventing the elastic strip from loosening, ensuring the safety of the track, and providing the installation and use method of the track fastener assembly.
  • a fastening assembly comprising a bolt and a spring
  • the bolt presses the spring
  • the bolt and the spring are fixed together to be fastened
  • the bolt includes a screw rod and a nut
  • the screw thread The threaded surface facing the spring is provided with a first one-way tooth
  • the first one-way tooth faces the direction in which the screw is tightened
  • at least one thread surface of the nut thread is provided with a second one-way tooth
  • the first one-way tooth is The tooth and the one-way tooth of the second one-way tooth cooperate with each other and overtake toward the tightening direction.
  • a track fastener assembly includes bolts and elastic strips, the bolts press the elastic strips, and the elastic strips fix the track, the bolts include a screw rod and a nut, the lower end of the screw rod is pre-embedded in the track foundation, the upper end of the screw rod is threaded, and the nut passes through the screw thread. Screw in and compress the elastic strip, the thread surface of the screw thread facing downward is provided with a first one-way tooth, and the first one-way tooth is facing the direction of screw tightening, and at least one thread surface of the nut thread is provided with a first one-way tooth. Two one-way teeth, the one-way teeth of the first one-way tooth and the second one-way tooth cooperate with each other, a washer is also arranged between the bolt and the elastic strip, and a gasket is also arranged between the elastic strip and the rail.
  • a track fastener assembly includes bolts and elastic strips, the bolts fix the track by pressing the elastic strips, the track bolts contain a screw rod and a nut, the screw rod is pre-embedded and fixed in the track foundation with its embedded end facing down, and the screw rod has a thread on the upper end.
  • the structure of the elastic strip is generally curved, and the curved shape allows the elastic strip to have a certain deformability. When the elastic strip is pressed by the bolt After tightening, pressure can be continuously applied to the track, and the fixed track does not move and vibrate.
  • the elastic strip also gives a reaction force to the nut of the bolt.
  • the screw thread is provided with a first one-way tooth on the side facing the elastic strip.
  • the one-way tooth is one-way overrun in the tightening direction
  • the thread of the nut is provided with a second one-way tooth
  • the second one-way tooth is arranged on at least one surface of the thread of the nut.
  • the side of the cap with the second one-way tooth is close to the side of the screw with the first one-way tooth.
  • the first one-way tooth and the second one-way tooth cooperate with each other. Under the action of the mutual meshing, the nut cannot be reversed. When it needs to be disassembled, press the elastic bar to separate the first one-way tooth of the screw and the second one-way tooth of the nut, and then the nut can be reversed and disassembled.
  • the one-way tooth can be removed.
  • Various shapes can be many small cones, the small cones between the contact surfaces are engaged with each other in a convex and concave manner, it can be a straight line radially radiating outward along the axis of the bolt, it can be an involute arc, one-way
  • the surpassing one-way teeth can prevent the nut and the screw of the bolt from being reversed and loosened to the greatest extent.
  • the setting of the bolt can restrain the bolt and the elastic strip to each other.
  • Some bolts have an expansion flange on the nut and a flange on the nut, which can also increase the contact area between the various components, reduce the stress and increase the contact area. friction.
  • a method of installing and using a track fastener assembly of the present application is as follows: first, use a tool to press down the spring bar to a set position, tighten the bolt and nut according to the set torque to press the spring bar, and then release the pressing tool, and pass the Such installation can minimize the friction damage between the contact surfaces of the first one-way tooth of the screw and the second one-way tooth of the nut during the tightening process of the nut.
  • a method of installing and using a track fastener assembly of the present application In order to install the rail-track fastener components on both sides of the same rail at the same time, the synchronous installation means that the bolts on both sides of the rail are tightened at the same pace, and the tightening progress and force are basically the same.
  • the installation and use method of a track fastener assembly of the present application is as follows: The parts and components are installed synchronously. Synchronous installation means that the horizontal bolts of the two rails are tightened at the same pace, and the tightening progress and force are basically the same. Through this installation method, the connection between the track and the sleeper of the same rail vehicle can be fixed and stressed. Balance, prevent the track from being unbalanced under force and move the position, the installation and use method of the track fastener assembly of the present application is also applicable to the installation and use of the existing track fastener.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that: using the fastener and track fastener assembly described in the present application, because the one-way teeth are provided on the screw rod and the nut of the bolt, the one-way teeth cooperate with each other, and the To the effect: First, because the bolt is connected by the one-way tooth between the screw and the nut, which can only be surpassed in one direction, there will be no loosening caused by inversion between the screw and the nut, causing the bolt itself to be damaged by vibration. Second, the elastic bar will not loosen because the bolts will not loosen.
  • the elastic bar will not move between the track and the track, preventing the risk of track loosening due to the position change between the elastic bar and the track; installation and use methods
  • the utility model has the advantages of convenience and reliability, is simple to manufacture, can be conveniently used in conjunction with various existing fastening methods and devices, prevents the loosening of the rail fastener components, and realizes the safe and stable operation of the rail transit system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a track fastener assembly with the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a track fastener assembly with the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a track fastener assembly with the present application
  • 1 is the screw
  • 2 is the nut
  • 3 is the washer
  • 4 is the elastic strip
  • 5 is the track
  • 6 is the gasket
  • 7 is the track foundation
  • 8 is the first one-way tooth
  • 9 is the second one-way tooth.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a track fastener assembly with the present application; 6 is the gasket, 7 is the track foundation, the lower end of the screw 1 is pre-embedded and fixed in the track foundation 7, the upper end of the screw 1 is provided with threads, the nut 2 is screwed on the thread of the screw 1, the washer 3 is under the nut 2, and the screw The cap 2 spins the washer 3 and the elastic strip 4, the elastic strip 4 is elastically deformed, and the track 5 is pressed, and a first one-way tooth 8 is provided on the downward thread of the screw 1, and the inner thread of the nut 2 is upward.
  • One side of the screw is also provided with a second one-way tooth 9 to match the first one-way tooth 8 of the screw, and the first one-way tooth 8 and the second one-way tooth 9 are one-way overrun in the direction of spinning.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a track fastener assembly of the present application;
  • Fig. 1 is a screw rod
  • 2 is a nut
  • 3 is a washer
  • 4 is a spring strip
  • 8 is a first one-way tooth
  • the upper end of the screw rod 1 has a thread
  • a first one-way tooth 8 is provided on the lower surface of the thread of the screw 1
  • the first one-way tooth 8 is unidirectionally surpassed in the direction of downward tightening.
  • the nut 2 is screwed on the screw
  • the nut 2 is provided with Internal thread
  • the upper surface of the internal thread is provided with a second one-way tooth 9 to cooperate with the first one-way tooth of the screw thread.
  • the second one-way tooth 9 of the inner thread of the cap is one-way overrun, and the elastic strip 4 is pressed by the washer 3, and the elastic strip 4 is pressed against the track.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a track fastener assembly of the present application;
  • Fig. 8 is a first one-way tooth
  • 9 is a second one-way tooth, the first one-way tooth 8 of the thread of the screw 1 is fixed,
  • the second one-way tooth 9 of the thread of the nut 2 surpasses the first one-way tooth 8 during the screwing process of the nut 2.
  • the Make the thread of the nut 2 press the thread of the screw 1 upward, the first one-way tooth 8 and the second one-way tooth 9 mesh with each other, and the nut 2 cannot be reversed.
  • the first one-way tooth 8 and the second one-way tooth 9 are separated, and the nut 2 is rotated to realize disassembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请的目的是在于提供一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合，具体是通过紧固件的螺纹在螺纹面设置单向齿，防止紧固件松动，在轨道扣件组合的螺栓设有互相啮合的单向齿，通过啮合的齿防止螺杆和螺帽之间松动，因此防止弹条松动，保证轨道安全，提供了轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法。

Description

一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道紧固件领域, 具体是一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合。
 背景技术
紧固件在各领域广泛使用，对被紧固就的性能和安全具有非常重要作用，而轨道交通系统使用车辆在固定的固定轨道上运行，具有运营速度快，运载能力大，对环境影响小，能源消耗低，安全，扩展城市空间等优点，轨道交通的轨道是车辆运行的基础，轨道需要安全可靠地固定才能保证车辆的正常运行，轨道固定需要使用轨道扣件组合，轨道扣件必须经过很多年使用而不会松动，现有技术轨道扣件仍然存在松动问题，经常需要检查维护，因此需要设计更加安全可靠的扣件，节约人力物力，减少危险。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的是在于提供一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合，具体是通过紧固件的螺纹在螺纹面设置单向齿，防止紧固件松动，在轨道扣件组合的螺栓设有互相啮合的单向齿，通过啮合的齿防止螺杆和螺帽之间松动，因此防止弹条松动，保证轨道安全，提供了轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法。
本申请为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现：一种紧固组件，包括螺栓和弹簧，螺栓压紧弹簧，螺栓和弹簧一起固定被紧固件，螺栓包括螺杆和螺帽，所述螺杆螺纹朝向弹簧的螺纹面设有第一单向齿，所述第一单向齿朝向螺杆紧固的方向，所述螺帽螺纹至少一个螺纹面设有第二单向齿，所述第一单向齿和第二单向齿的单向齿互相配合，朝向紧固方向超越。
一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓压紧弹条，弹条固定轨道，螺栓包括螺杆和螺帽，螺杆下端预埋在轨道基础里，螺杆上端有螺纹，螺帽通过螺杆螺纹旋进压紧弹条，所述螺杆螺纹朝下的螺纹面设有第一单向齿，所述第一单向齿朝向螺杆紧固的方向，所述螺帽螺纹至少一个螺纹面设有第二单向齿，第一单向齿和第二单向齿的单向齿互相配合，在螺栓和弹条之间还设有垫圈，在弹条与轨道之间还设有垫片。
一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓通过压紧弹条而固定轨道，轨道螺栓含有螺杆和螺帽，螺杆预埋端朝下预埋固定在轨道基础中，螺杆上端具有螺纹，使用螺帽拧在螺杆螺纹上，向下压紧弹条，固定轨道，所述弹条的结构一般为弯曲形状，弯曲的形状允许弹条具有一定的变形能力，在所述弹条被螺栓压紧后，能够持续给轨道以压力，固定轨道不出现移动振动等情况，弹条也同时给螺栓的螺母一个反作用力，在螺杆螺纹朝向弹条一面设有第一单向齿，所述第一单向齿朝向紧固方向单向超越，螺帽的螺纹设置有第二单向齿，所述第二单向齿至少设置在螺帽螺纹的一个面，在使用螺帽在螺杆的时候，螺帽具有第二单向齿的一面与螺杆具有第一单向齿的一面靠近，所述第一单向齿和第二单向齿互相配合，旋压的时候单向超越，在弹条的弹力的作用下互相啮合不能倒转，在需要拆卸的时候，压下弹条使螺杆第一单向齿和螺帽的第二单向齿分离，即可倒转拆卸螺帽，所述单向齿齿可以多种形状，可以是很多小锥体，接触面间的小锥体互相凸起和凹陷地啮合，可以是沿着螺栓的轴线向外径向辐射的直线，可以是渐开弧线，单向超越的单向齿能够最大限度地防止螺栓的螺帽与螺杆之间倒转松动，在螺栓和弹条之间还可以设有垫圈，设置垫圈能够增加接触面积，减少各个接触面的压强，通过这样的设置可以把螺栓和弹条互相约束固定，有些螺栓在螺帽设有扩展法兰，在螺帽设有法兰，也能够增加各个部件之间的接触面积，减少受力压强，并增加接触摩擦力。
本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，先用工具压下弹条至设定的位置，按照设定的扭矩旋紧螺栓螺帽压紧弹条，然后释放压紧工具，通过这样的安装能够尽量减少螺帽旋紧过程中，螺杆第一单向齿和螺帽的第二单向齿的接触面之间的摩擦损害，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，同一根轨道横向两侧的轨道轨道扣件组件同步安装，同步安装就是一根轨道横向两侧的螺栓旋紧的步调一致，旋紧的进度和力量基本相同，通过这样的安装方法，能够使轨道两侧平衡受力，防止轨道朝向首先安装轨道扣件组件的一侧倾斜，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，同一轨道车辆行驶的两根轨道横向的所有轨道扣件组件同步安装，同步安装就是两根轨道横向的螺栓旋紧的步调一致，旋紧的进度和力量基本相同，通过这样的安装方法，能够使同一轨道车辆行驶的轨道与轨枕的连接固定受力平衡，防止轨道受力不平衡移动位置，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法同样适用于现有轨道扣件的安装使用。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果在于：采用本申请所述的一种紧固件和轨道扣件组件，因为在螺栓的螺杆和螺帽上设有所述的单向齿，单向齿互相配合，能够起到作用：第一，螺栓因为通过螺杆与螺帽之间的只能单向超越的单向齿连接，而在螺杆和螺帽之间不会产生倒转导致的松动，造成螺栓本身震动损坏，第二，弹条因为螺栓不会松动而不会松动，第三，弹条不会与所述轨道之间产生位置移动，防止因为弹条与轨道之间的位置变化引起轨道松动危险；安装使用方法具有方便可靠的优点，制作简单，可以很方便与现有各种紧固方法和装置配合使用，防止轨道扣件组件松动，实现保障轨道交通系统的安全稳定运行。
 附图说明
图1为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合示意图；
图2为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合局部示意图；
图3为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合局部示意图；
图中1为螺杆，2为螺帽，3为垫圈，4为弹条，5为轨道，6为垫片，7为轨道基础，8为第一单向齿，9为第二单向齿。
 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本申请，图1为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合示意图；图中1为螺杆，2为螺帽，3为垫圈，4为弹条，5为轨道，6为垫片，7为轨道基础，螺杆1下端预埋固定在轨道基础7中，螺杆1的上端设有螺纹，螺帽2拧在螺杆1的螺纹上，螺帽2下面是垫圈3，螺帽2旋压垫圈3和弹条4，弹条4产生弹性变形，压紧轨道5，在螺杆1的螺纹朝下的一面设有第一单向齿8，在螺帽2的内螺纹朝上的一面也设有第二单向齿9配合螺杆的第一单向齿8，所述第一单向齿8和第二单向齿9朝向旋压的方向单向超越。
图2为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合局部示意图；图中1为螺杆，2为螺帽，3为垫圈，4为弹条， 8为第一单向齿，在螺杆1上端具有螺纹，在螺杆1螺纹的下表面设有第一单向齿8，所述第一单向齿8朝向下旋紧的方向单向超越，螺帽2旋拧在螺杆上，在螺帽2设有内螺纹，所述内螺纹上表面设有第二单向齿9与螺杆螺纹的第一单向齿配合，在旋进旋紧螺帽2的过程中，所述第一单向齿8和螺帽内螺纹的第二单向齿9单向超越，通过垫圈3压紧弹条4，弹条4压紧轨道。
图3为具有本申请的一种轨道扣件组合局部示意图；图中8为第一单向齿，9为第二单向齿，所述螺杆1螺纹的第一单向齿8固定不动，螺帽2螺纹的第二单向齿9在螺帽2旋进的过程中，超越第一单向齿8，在螺帽2紧固到位后，因为弹条4给予螺帽2的反作用力而使螺帽2螺纹向上压紧螺杆1的螺纹，第一单向齿8和第二单向齿9互相啮合，螺帽2不能倒转，在需要拆卸螺帽2的时候，压下弹条4，分离第一单向齿8和第二单向齿9，旋转螺帽2实现拆卸。
可以理解的是，本申请所述的旋进包括顺时针和逆时针，本申请图片及说明书仅以常用顺时针为例，当然还可以逆时针设置，相关内容本领域技术人员可以理解实施，不能用于限制本申请的技术方案。
仅通过所选的实施例对本申请进行了说明，但显而易见的是，上述的实施例用于申请而不是用于限定本申请。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种紧固组件，包括螺栓和弹簧，螺栓压紧弹簧，螺栓和弹簧一起固定被紧固件，螺栓包括螺杆和螺帽，其特征在于：所述螺杆螺纹朝向弹簧的螺纹面设有第一单向齿，所述第一单向齿朝向螺杆紧固的方向，所述螺帽螺纹至少一个螺纹面设有第二单向齿，所述第一单向齿和第二单向齿的单向齿互相配合，朝向紧固方向超越。
  2. 一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓压紧弹条，弹条固定轨道，螺栓包括螺杆和螺帽，螺杆下端预埋在轨道基础里，螺杆上端有螺纹，螺帽通过螺杆螺纹旋进压紧弹条，其特征在于：所述螺杆螺纹朝下的螺纹面设有第一单向齿，所述第一单向齿朝向螺杆紧固的方向，所述螺帽螺纹至少一个螺纹面设有第二单向齿，第一单向齿和第二单向齿的单向齿互相配合，朝向压紧弹条的方向超越。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：在螺栓和弹条之间还设有垫圈。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：在弹条与轨道之间还设有垫片。
PCT/CN2021/142212 2020-12-31 2021-12-28 一种紧固件和轨道扣件组合 WO2022143702A1 (zh)

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