WO2022143681A1 - 一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件 - Google Patents

一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143681A1
WO2022143681A1 PCT/CN2021/142140 CN2021142140W WO2022143681A1 WO 2022143681 A1 WO2022143681 A1 WO 2022143681A1 CN 2021142140 W CN2021142140 W CN 2021142140W WO 2022143681 A1 WO2022143681 A1 WO 2022143681A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
track
teeth
elastic
bolt
fastener assembly
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PCT/CN2021/142140
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
米建军
Original Assignee
米建军
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Application filed by 米建军 filed Critical 米建军
Publication of WO2022143681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143681A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of rail fasteners, in particular to a rail clip and a rail fastener assembly.
  • the rail transit system uses vehicles to run on a fixed track, which has the advantages of fast operation speed, large carrying capacity, small impact on the environment, low energy consumption, safety, and expansion of urban space.
  • the rail of rail transit is the basis for vehicle operation. It needs to be fixed safely and reliably to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle.
  • Track fixing requires the use of track fasteners.
  • the track fasteners must be used for many years without loosening.
  • the existing technology uses one or two spacers, which are arranged on the elastic strips and bolts.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a rail spring strip and a rail fastener assembly, specifically, inter-engaging teeth are provided between the contact surfaces of the rail fastener assembly, and the intermeshing teeth are used to prevent loosening between various parts of the rail fastener assembly , the teeth are one-way overrunning one-way teeth, which can prevent loosening between the various parts of the track fastener assembly, affecting the track fixation and safety, and at the same time provide the installation and use method of the track fastener assembly.
  • a rail clip which is used for withholding and fixing the rail on the rail foundation through bolts, and the clip is provided with teeth at the position where the clip contacts the bolt, so
  • the teeth are one-way teeth that surpass in one direction, and the teeth are arranged in the shape of the same circle center and divergent shape to the surrounding.
  • a track fastener assembly comprising bolts and elastic bars, the bolts press the elastic bars, the elastic bars press and fix the track on the track foundation, and mutually meshing one-way teeth are arranged between the contact positions of the elastic bars and the bolts.
  • the one-way teeth on the bolt are arranged in a shape that diverges from the same center, and the one-way teeth on the bolt are also set in a shape that diverges from the same center.
  • the one-way teeth on the strip and the bolt are engaged with each other, and the contact position of the bolt and the elastic strip is set on the screw head or nut of the bolt, and the screw head or nut has a flange, and the one-way teeth are in A circle is arranged on the bolt, and a washer can also be provided between the bolt and the elastic strip.
  • the surfaces in contact with the washer and the bolt are provided with intermeshing one-way teeth, and the surfaces in contact with the washer and the elastic strip are provided with mutual meshing. unidirectional teeth.
  • a rail clip is a key component of the rail transit structure, used to connect the track with the insulating block, the track foundation, the track and the bolt, etc., can carry the train track to resist the longitudinal and lateral loads, and improve the elasticity of the track system and the track system.
  • rail clips such as the W-shaped clips that are widely used, the elastic arms that hold the track on the W-shaped clips, and the U-shaped parts that contact the bolts.
  • the U-shaped portion is provided with teeth, preferably one-way teeth, which can prevent the bolt from loosening.
  • a track fastener assembly including bolts and spring bars, the bolts fix the track by pressing the spring bars, and the bolts include a screw rod and a screw head or a nut. Screw head, the screw head is set at one end of the screw, there are threads on the screw, the screw is screwed into the reserved hole of the sleeper under the track foundation, and the screw head presses the elastic strip, and the elastic strip is close to the track to achieve the purpose of withholding and fixing the track;
  • the track bolt contains a screw and a nut, the screw is pre-embedded and fixed in the track foundation sleeper, the screw is upward, and the screw has a thread, and the screw is screwed on the screw thread, and the elastic strip is pressed downward.
  • the structure of the elastic strip is generally curved, the curved shape allows the elastic strip to have a certain deformation ability, after the elastic strip is pressed by the bolt, it can continue to put pressure on the track, and the fixed track does not move
  • teeth are provided on the side of the bolt facing the elastic strip, where the bolt includes a screw head or a nut, the teeth of the screw head are arranged on the surface of the screw head facing the screw, and the nut is arranged on the side of the nut facing the elastic strip.
  • the contact surface part of the elastic strip and the bolt is also provided with teeth, and only a part of the elastic strip is in contact with the bolt in the fastening action of the track fastener assembly, and only need to set teeth in this part, the bolt and the elastic strip are both.
  • Teeth that mesh with each other, the teeth can be in various shapes, and can be many small cones. The small cones between the contact surfaces are meshed with each other in a convex and concave manner.
  • a washer can also be provided between the bolt and the elastic strip. The setting of the washer can increase the contact area and reduce the pressure on each contact surface.
  • the teeth that mesh with each other are preferably one-way teeth.
  • Some bolts are provided with extended flanges on the screw head or nut, and flanges are provided on the bolts. It can also increase the contact area between the various components, reduce the force and pressure, and increase the contact friction.
  • a method of installing and using a track fastener assembly of the present application is to first use a tool to press down the spring bar to a set position, tighten the bolt according to the set torque to press the spring bar, and then release the pressing tool.
  • the installation can minimize the friction damage between the contact surface of the bolt and the spring strip during the bolt tightening process.
  • the installation and use method of a track fastener assembly of the present application is as follows: the track track fastener assemblies on both lateral sides of the same track Synchronous installation, synchronous installation means that the bolts on both sides of a track are tightened at the same pace, and the tightening progress and force are basically the same. This installation method can balance the force on both sides of the track and prevent the track from facing the first track.
  • the installation and use method of a rail fastener assembly of the present application is that all rail fastener assemblies in the transverse direction of two rails running on the same rail vehicle are installed synchronously, and the synchronous installation is two bolts in the transverse direction of the rails The steps of tightening are consistent, and the progress and force of tightening are basically the same.
  • the installation method of a track fastener assembly is also applicable to the installation and use of existing track fasteners.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that: the track pin and track fastener assembly described in the present application are used, because the teeth are provided on the elastic bars, and the teeth are one-way teeth and have the same circular center and divergent shape.
  • the setting, in cooperation with the one-way tooth on the bolt, can play a role: first, the bolt will not be loosened due to inversion because it passes through the one-way tooth between the elastic bar and can only be surpassed in one direction; second, the elastic The strip will not loosen because the bolt will not loosen. Third, because the set teeth are unidirectional and have the same center of the circle, there will be no positional movement between the elastic strip and the bolt, and the position of the bolt on the track foundation is fixed.
  • the position distance between the elastic bar and the track will not move, preventing the risk of loose track caused by the position change between the elastic bar and the track;
  • the installation and use method has the advantages of convenience and reliability, and the production is simple, which can be very convenient and present.
  • Various fastening methods and devices are used together to prevent the loosening of the rail fastener components and ensure the safe and stable operation of the rail transit system.
  • Fig. 1 is the top surface schematic diagram of a kind of track spring strip with the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a kind of rail spring strip side schematic diagram of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a track fastener assembly of the application
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the top surface of a track spring bar according to the application.
  • the middle one-way teeth 3 are arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped part 1 of the elastic bar, and the one-way teeth are arranged in a concentric and divergent shape.
  • Track this figure is the most commonly used elastic bar shape in the prior art, it is only used to illustrate the structural principle of the application, and there are various elastic bar shapes that can use the structure of the application.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of a track spring bar of the application;
  • Fig. 1 is a U-shaped portion of the spring bar
  • 2 is a spring bar elastic arm
  • 3 is a one-way tooth, and it can be seen from this figure that the one-way portion of the present application is Tooth structure, there are two sets of one-way teeth 3 on the elastic bar, and the setting direction of the one-way teeth 3 is opposite, which is suitable for rotating with the bolt.
  • the end of the elastic arm 2 is directed toward Outside the elastic bar, it can also be used toward the inside of the elastic bar, which does not affect the use of the description of this application.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic side view of a track fastener assembly according to the application, in the figure 1 is the U-shaped portion of the spring bar, 4 is the screw head, and 5 is the flange, in the figure, the U-shaped portion of the spring bar 1 and the bolt flange 5 are both There are one-way teeth, and the one-way teeth between the two mesh with each other. During the bolt tightening process, the one-way teeth surpass each other. After the tightening is completed, the bolt and the elastic bar are locked with each other and cannot rotate backwards. When inverting and disassembling, the elastic strip must be pressed down to separate from the bolt, and the two parts can be reversed beyond the one-way tooth.
  • the same structural principle can be realized on the nut of the pre-embedded bolt of another track fixing method, that is, pre-embedded
  • the bolt is in the track foundation, the screw of the bolt is threaded, the nut presses the elastic strip through the thread, the nut is provided with a flange, and the flange is provided with one-way teeth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Abstract

本申请的目的是在于提供一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件，具体是在轨道扣件组件的接触面间设有互相啮合的齿，通过啮合的齿防止轨道扣件组件各部分之间松动，所述的齿是单向齿，同时提供了轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法。

Description

一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件 技术领域
本申请涉及轨道紧固件领域, 具体是一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件。
 背景技术
轨道交通系统使用车辆在固定的固定轨道上运行，具有运营速度快，运载能力大，对环境影响小，能源消耗低，安全，扩展城市空间等优点，轨道交通的轨道是车辆运行的基础，轨道需要安全可靠地固定才能保证车辆的正常运行，轨道固定需要使用轨道扣件，轨道扣件必须经过很多年使用而不会松动，现有技术使用一个或两个垫片，设置在弹条和螺栓之间，在垫片上设置两个凹槽，与弹条配合，但是弹条相对于轨道之间仍然会滑动，即塔筒与轨道之间会松动，现有轨道扣件组件的技术方案仍然存在螺栓的松动和弹条松动的问题，经常需要检查维护，因此需要设计更加安全可靠的扣件，节约人力物力，减少危险。
 技术问题
在此处键入技术问题描述段落。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的是在于提供一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件，具体是在轨道扣件组件的接触面间设有互相啮合的齿，通过啮合的齿防止轨道扣件组件各部分之间松动，所述的齿是单向超越的单向齿，防止轨道扣件组件各个部分之间松动，影响轨道固定和安全，同时提供了轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法。 
本申请为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现：一种轨道弹条，用于将轨道通过螺栓扣压固定在轨道基础之上，所述弹条在弹条与螺栓接触的位置设有齿，所述齿为单向超越的单向齿，所述齿为同一圆心向周围发散形状设置。
一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓压紧弹条，弹条扣压固定轨道于轨道基础，在弹条和螺栓接触的位置之间设有互相啮合的单向齿，在弹条上的所述单向齿为同一圆心向周围发散形状设置，在螺栓上的所述单向齿也为同一圆心向周围发散形状设置，所述单向齿在螺栓上环绕设置一圈，在弹条和螺栓上的单向齿互相配合啮合，所述螺栓与所述弹条接触的位置设置在螺栓的螺杆头或螺帽，所述螺杆头或螺帽具有法兰，所述单向齿在螺栓上环绕设置一圈，在螺栓和弹条之间还可以设有垫圈，垫圈与螺栓接触的面之间设有互相啮合的单向齿，垫圈和弹条接触的面之间设有互相啮合的单向齿。
一种轨道弹条，轨道弹条是轨道交通结构的关键部件，用于连接轨道与绝缘块，轨道基础，轨道和螺栓等，能够承载列车轨道抵抗纵横向载荷，提高轨道系统的弹性和轨道系统的结构连接可靠性，轨道弹条有多种形状，例如现有广泛使用的有w型弹条，在W型弹条上有扣压轨道的弹力臂，和与螺栓接触的U形部，在所述U形部设置齿，优选设置为单向齿，能够防止螺栓松动。
一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓通过压紧弹条而固定轨道，螺栓包括螺杆和螺杆头或螺帽，在实际轨道扣件应用中，一种设置是轨道螺栓含有螺杆和螺杆头，螺杆头设置在螺杆一端，螺杆上有螺纹，螺杆拧入轨道基础下面轨枕的预留孔中，并由螺杆头压紧弹条，弹条紧靠轨道，实现扣压固定轨道的目的；一种设置是轨道螺栓含有螺杆和螺帽，螺杆预埋端朝下预埋固定在轨道基础轨枕中，螺杆朝上，螺杆具有螺纹，使用螺帽拧在螺杆螺纹上，向下压紧弹条，固定轨道，所述弹条的结构一般为弯曲形状，弯曲的形状允许弹条具有一定的变形能力，在所述弹条被螺栓压紧后，能够持续给轨道以压力，固定轨道不出现移动振动等情况，在螺栓朝向弹条一面设有齿，这里螺栓包括螺杆头或螺帽，螺杆头的齿设置在螺杆头朝向螺杆的面上，螺帽设置在螺帽朝向弹条的一面，在所述弹条与螺栓的接触面部分也设有齿，弹条在轨道扣件组件的紧固作用中只有一部分与螺栓接触，只需要在这个部分设置齿即可，螺栓和弹条两者为互相啮合的齿，齿可以多种形状，可以是很多小锥体，接触面间的小锥体互相凸起和凹陷地啮合，可以是沿着螺栓的轴线向外径向辐射的直线，可以是渐开弧线或直线，可以是阶梯状，优选的在所述螺栓和弹条之间的齿为防止螺栓松动的单向齿，单向超越的单向齿能够最大限度地防止螺栓的倒转松动，在螺栓和弹条之间还可以设有垫圈，设置垫圈能够增加接触面积，减少各个接触面的压强，在设有垫圈的情况下，垫圈与螺栓和弹条接触的面之间都设有互相啮合的齿，优选的为单向齿，通过这样的设置可以把螺栓和垫圈和弹条三者互相约束固定，有些螺栓在螺杆头或螺母设有扩展法兰，在螺栓设有法兰，也能够增加各个部件之间的接触面积，减少受力压强，并增加接触摩擦力，在法兰底部与弹条接触的面有齿，与弹条的齿啮合，优选的为单向超越的单向齿。
本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，先用工具压下弹条至设定的位置，按照设定的扭矩旋紧螺栓压紧弹条，然后释放压紧工具，通过这样的安装能够尽量减少螺栓上紧过程中，螺栓与弹条的接触面之间的摩擦伤害，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，同一根轨道横向两侧的轨道轨道扣件组件同步安装，同步安装就是一根轨道横向两侧的螺栓旋紧的步调一致，旋紧的进度和力量基本相同，通过这样的安装方法，能够使轨道两侧平衡受力，防止轨道朝向首先安装轨道扣件组件的一侧倾斜，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法为，同一轨道车辆行驶的两根轨道横向的所有轨道扣件组件同步安装，同步安装就是两根轨道横向的螺栓旋紧的步调一致，旋紧的进度和力量基本相同，通过这样的安装方法，能够使同一轨道车辆行驶的轨道与轨枕的连接固定受力平衡，防止轨道受力不平衡移动位置，本申请的一种轨道扣件组件的安装使用方法同样适用于现有轨道扣件的安装使用。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果在于：采用本申请所述的一种轨道弹子和轨道扣件组件，因为在弹条上设有所述的齿，所述的齿为单向齿，并且为同一圆心发散形状设置，与螺栓上的单向齿配合，能够起到作用：第一，螺栓因为通过与弹条之间的只能单向超越的单向齿而不会产生倒转导致的松动，第二，弹条因为螺栓不会松动而不会松动，第三，因为设置的齿为单向且同一圆心的齿，使弹条和螺栓之间不会产生位置移动，而螺栓在轨道基础的位置是固定的，因此弹条不会与所述轨道之间产生位置距离移动，防止因为弹条与轨道之间的位置变化引起轨道松动危险；安装使用方法具有方便可靠的优点，制作简单，可以很方便与现有各种紧固方法和装置配合使用，防止轨道扣件组件松动，实现保障轨道交通系统的安全稳定运行。
 附图说明
图1为具有本申请的一种轨道弹条顶面示意图；
图2为本申请的一种轨道弹条侧面示意图；
图3为本申请的一种轨道扣件组件侧面示意图；
图中1为弹条U形部，2为弹条弹力臂，3为单向齿，4为螺杆头，5为法兰。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
在此处键入本发明的最佳实施方式描述段落。
 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本申请，图1为本申请的一种轨道弹条顶面示意图，图中1为弹条U形部，2为弹条弹力臂，3为单向齿，图中单向齿3设置在弹条U形部1的顶面，所述单向齿同圆心发散形状设置，在弹条U形部1上两部分单向齿3超越方向相反，弹力臂2扣压轨道，本图为现有技术最常用的一种弹条形状，仅用于说明本申请的结构原理，还有多种弹条形状可以使用本申请结构。
图2为本申请的一种轨道弹条侧面示意图；图中1为弹条U形部，2为弹条弹力臂，3为单向齿，从本图中可以看出本申请所述单向齿结构，所述弹条上设有两组所述单向齿3，其所述单向齿3的设置超越方向相反，适用于和螺栓旋转配合，本图中弹力臂2的端头方向朝弹条外，也可以朝弹条内，不影响本申请的说明使用。
图3为本申请的一种轨道扣件组件侧面示意图，图中1为弹条U形部，4为螺杆头，5为法兰，在图中弹条U形部1和螺栓法兰5都设有单向齿，两者之间的单向齿互相配合啮合，在螺栓紧固的过程中单向齿互相超越，在紧固完成之后，螺栓和弹条互相锁止不能倒退转动，在需要倒转拆卸的时候，必须压下弹条与螺栓分离，而分离两部分超越单向齿才可以倒转，同样结构原理可以在另一种轨道固定方法的预埋螺栓的螺帽上实现，即预埋螺栓在轨道基础里面，螺栓的螺杆上有螺纹，螺帽通过螺纹压紧弹条，在螺帽设法兰，法兰设单向齿。
可以理解的是，本申请所述的旋进包括顺时针和逆时针，本申请图片及说明书仅以顺时针为例，当然还可以逆时针设置，相关内容本领域技术人员可以理解实施，不限制本申请的技术方案。
这里仅通过所选的实施例对本申请进行了说明，所述轨道弹条还有很多种形状和组合，本申请也可以与各种垫片等结构组合，因此显而易见的是，上述的实施例用于说明而不是用于限定本申请。
本发明的实施方式
在此处键入本发明的实施方式描述段落。
 工业实用性
在此处键入工业实用性描述段落。
 序列表自由内容
在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轨道弹条，用于将轨道通过螺栓扣压固定在轨道基础之上，其特征在于：所述弹条在弹条与螺栓接触的位置设有齿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种弹条，其特征在于：所述齿为同一圆心向周围发散形状设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种弹条，其特征在于：所述齿为单向齿。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种弹条，其特征在于：所述弹条具有两个位置与螺栓接触，两个位置的单向齿方向相反。
  5. 一种轨道扣件组件，包括螺栓和弹条，螺栓压紧弹条，弹条扣压固定轨道于轨道基础，其特征在于：在弹条和螺栓接触的位置之间设有互相啮合的单向齿。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：所述单向齿为同一圆心向周围发散形状设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：所述螺栓与所述弹条接触的位置设置在螺栓的螺杆头或螺帽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：所述螺杆头或螺帽具有法兰。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：在螺栓和弹条之间还设有垫圈，垫圈与螺栓接触的面之间设有互相啮合的单向齿，垫圈和弹条接触的面之间设有互相啮合的单向齿。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道扣件组件，其特征在于：在所述弹条与轨道基础之间还设有垫片。
PCT/CN2021/142140 2020-12-31 2021-12-28 一种轨道弹条及轨道扣件组件 WO2022143681A1 (zh)

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