WO2022131333A1 - Tig溶接用溶加材およびそれを用いた溶接継手部の製造方法 - Google Patents
Tig溶接用溶加材およびそれを用いた溶接継手部の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022131333A1 WO2022131333A1 PCT/JP2021/046538 JP2021046538W WO2022131333A1 WO 2022131333 A1 WO2022131333 A1 WO 2022131333A1 JP 2021046538 W JP2021046538 W JP 2021046538W WO 2022131333 A1 WO2022131333 A1 WO 2022131333A1
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- welding
- tig welding
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- welded joint
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 72
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 72
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0227—Rods, wires
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filler material for TIG welding, and in particular, for welding high Mn-containing steel materials used in an extremely low temperature environment, the melt for TIG welding has excellent high temperature crack resistance in which the occurrence of high temperature cracks is suppressed during welding.
- the present invention relates to a filler material and a method for manufacturing a welded joint portion using the material.
- TIG welding is Tungsten Inert Gas (tungsten-inert gas) welding, which uses tungsten, which is a material that does not wear out on the electrode rod, and blows argon gas or helium gas, which are inert gases, to shut off the air.
- tungsten-inert gas which uses tungsten, which is a material that does not wear out on the electrode rod, and blows argon gas or helium gas, which are inert gases, to shut off the air.
- it is a method of melting and welding another filler metal (welding rod) in an arc.
- this TIG welding it can be applied to various alloy steels, non-ferrous metals, etc., it can be welded even in a complicated shape, and excellent welding quality can be obtained, so that it is applied to welding of all metals.
- liquefied natural gas (hereinafter, also referred to as LNG) does not contain sulfur, it is said to be a clean fuel that does not generate air pollutants such as sulfur oxides, and its demand is increasing.
- the container (tank) for transporting or storing the LNG is required to maintain excellent ultra-low temperature impact toughness at a temperature of -162 ° C. or lower, which is the liquefaction temperature of the LNG. ing.
- high Mn steel As a material for a container (tank) for transporting or storing LNG, application of high Mn-containing steel containing about 10 to 35% by mass of Mn (hereinafter, also referred to as “high Mn steel”). Is being considered.
- the high Mn steel has an austenitic phase even at an extremely low temperature, does not cause brittle fracture, and has a high strength as compared with an austenitic stainless steel. Further, there is also a demand for the development of a welding method and a welding material capable of stably welding such a high Mn-containing steel material.
- Patent Document 1 proposes "a high-strength welded joint portion having excellent ultra-low temperature impact toughness and a flux cored arc welding wire for this purpose".
- the flux cored arc welding wire described in Patent Document 1 has C: 0.15 to 0.8%, Si: 0.2 to 1.2%, Mn: 15 to 34%, Cr in% by weight.
- Patent Document 2 proposes "solid wire for gas metal arc welding".
- the solid wire for gas metal arc welding described in Patent Document 2 has a mass% of C: 0.2 to 0.8%, Si: 0.15 to 0.90%, Mn: 17.0 to 28. 0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: 0.01 to 10.00%, Cr: 0.4 to 4.0%, Mo: 0.01 to 3.50 %, B: less than 0.0010%, N: 0.12% or less, and has a composition consisting of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities. If necessary, one or more selected from V, Ti and Nb, and one or more selected from Cu, Al, Ca and REM may be contained. It is supposed to be.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have a problem that high temperature cracking occurs during welding.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, can suppress the occurrence of high temperature cracks during welding, and has high strength suitable as a welding material for high Mn-containing steel materials used in an extremely low temperature environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filler material used for TIG welding, which can stably manufacture a welded joint portion having both excellent low temperature toughness and excellent low temperature toughness.
- high strength means that the normal temperature yield strength (0.2% proof stress) of the weld metal manufactured in accordance with the JIS Z 3111 regulations is 400 MPa or more.
- Excellent ultra-low temperature toughness means that the absorbed energy vE-196 of the weld metal manufactured in accordance with JIS Z 3111 is 28J or more in the Charpy impact test at a test temperature of -196 ° C. It shall be.
- the present inventors first diligently examined the factors affecting high-temperature cracking during TIG welding of high Mn steel. As a result, it was found that the cause of the occurrence of high temperature cracking is the segregation of P into the final solidified portion of the weld metal. Further, when Cr is contained in the composition of the filler metal in an amount of 6.0% by mass or more, a Cr phosphate is formed in the liquid phase of the weld metal, thereby suppressing segregation of P into the final solidified portion of the weld metal. Furthermore, it was found that it has the effect of suppressing the occurrence of high-temperature cracking.
- the composition of the filler metal for TIG welding which is necessary for the weld metal manufactured in accordance with the regulations of JIS Z 3111 to become a weld metal having both desired high strength and desired excellent ultra-low temperature toughness. investigated. As a result, the composition of the filler metal was adjusted in the range of C: 0.20 to 0.80% and Si: 0.15 to 0.90% by mass%, and further, Mn: 15.0 to 30. After adjusting 0.0% and Cr: 6.0 to 15.0% to a specific range, the composition is reduced to P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.030% or less, and N: 0.120% or less. It was found that it is necessary to use a filler metal material for TIG welding and a welded joint portion using the same.
- the present invention has been completed with further studies based on such findings, and the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- C 0.20 to 0.80%, Si: 0.15 to 0.90%, Mn: 15.0 to 30.0%, P: 0.030% or less, S: A filler material for TIG welding containing 0.030% or less, Cr: 6.0 to 15.0%, N: 0.120% or less, and having a composition consisting of a balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- TIG welding which further contains one or two selected from Ni: 10.00% or less and Mo: 3.50% or less in mass% in addition to the above composition in [1]. Welding material.
- the composition is further selected from V: 1.00% or less, Ti: 1.00% or less, and Nb: 1.00% or less in mass%.
- a filler material for TIG welding containing only one type or two or more types.
- REM A filler material for TIG welding containing one or more selected from 0.020% or less.
- [5] A method for manufacturing a welded joint portion for TIG welding a high Mn-containing steel material using the TIG welding filler material and the non-consumable electrode according to any one of [1] to [4].
- [6] The method for manufacturing a welded joint portion in [5], wherein the Mn content of the high Mn-containing steel material is 15.0 to 30.0% by mass.
- the high Mn-containing steel material has C: 0.10 to 0.80%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 15.0 in mass%.
- the filler metal material for TIG welding as a welding material for a steel material containing high Mn, high-temperature cracking during TIG welding can be suppressed, and a welded joint having high strength and excellent ultra-low temperature toughness.
- the parts can be easily manufactured, which is extremely effective in industry.
- the present invention is a filler material suitable for TIG welding of high Mn-containing steel materials.
- the filler metal of the present invention By using the filler metal of the present invention, high temperature cracking can be suppressed during TIG welding between steel materials containing high Mn.
- the test plate must be constrained or reverse strained in advance so that the angular deformation after welding does not exceed 5 ° so that the test piece can be collected.
- the groove shape is a V groove, which is composed of a backing metal. Unless otherwise specified, welding is performed by downward welding, with 1 or 2 passes for the first and second layers, and 1 or 2 passes or more for the third and subsequent layers. Specimens after welding shall not be heat treated.
- the filler metal of the present invention is a welded metal manufactured by TIG welding in accordance with JIS Z 3111, which has a high strength of 400 MPa or more with a 0.2% proof stress at room temperature and a test temperature of -196 ° C. It is a welded metal that has excellent ultra-low temperature toughness with an absorption energy of 28J or more in the Charpy impact test, and is a welding material capable of manufacturing a welded joint portion having high strength and excellent ultra-low temperature toughness.
- TIG welding As described above, in TIG welding, tungsten, which is a material that does not wear out on the electrode rod, is used, and another filler metal is melted and welded in an arc while blowing argon gas or helium gas to block air. The method.
- This TIG welding can be applied to various alloy steels, non-ferrous metals, etc., can be welded even in complicated shapes, and excellent welding quality can be obtained, so that it is applied to welding of all metals.
- a 45 ° V groove is formed by abutting a steel plate or steel material (plate thickness: 3 to 100 mm) as a base material in accordance with JIS Z3111, and a pure tungsten rod is used as an electrode.
- a steel plate or steel material plate thickness: 3 to 100 mm
- a pure tungsten rod is used as an electrode.
- current 180 to 250 A (DCEN)
- voltage 10 to 15 V
- welding speed 5 to 15 cm / min.
- Welding heat input 0.7 to 4.0 kJ / mm
- inter-pass temperature 100 to 150 ° C.
- shield gas Ar
- gas flow rate 10 to 25 L / min.
- the filler metal for TIG welding of the present invention has a basic composition of C: 0.20 to 0.80%, Si: 0.15 to 0.90%, Mn: 15.0 to 30.0 in mass%. %, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Cr: 6.0 to 15.0%, N: 0.120% or less, and has a composition consisting of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities. It is a thing. First, the reason for limiting the composition of the basic composition will be described. In the following, "%" in the composition means “mass%".
- C is an element having an action of increasing the strength of the weld metal by strengthening the solid solution, and also stabilizes the austenite phase and improves the ultra-low temperature impact toughness of the weld metal. In order to obtain such an effect, a content of 0.20% or more is required. However, if it is contained in an amount of more than 0.80%, carbides are precipitated, the extremely low temperature toughness is lowered, and welding cracks (high temperature cracks) are likely to occur during welding. Therefore, C is limited to the range of 0.20 to 0.80%. In addition, C is preferably 0.40% or more. Preferably, C is 0.60% or less. More preferably, C is 0.45% or more. More preferably, C is 0.55% or less.
- Si acts as a deoxidizing agent, has the effect of increasing the yield of Mn, increasing the viscosity of the molten metal, and stably maintaining the bead shape. In order to obtain such an effect, a content of 0.15% or more is required. However, if it is contained in excess of 0.90%, the extremely low temperature toughness of the weld metal is lowered, and Si segregates during solidification to form a liquid phase at the interface of the solidified cell, which lowers the high temperature crack resistance. .. Therefore, Si was limited to the range of 0.15 to 0.90%.
- Si is 0.20% or more.
- Si is 0.70% or less. More preferably, Si is 0.30% or more. More preferably, Si is 0.60% or less.
- Mn is an element that stabilizes the austenite phase at low cost, and the content of Mn is required to be 15.0% or more in the present invention. If Mn is less than 15.0%, a ferrite phase is formed in the weld metal, and the toughness at extremely low temperatures is significantly reduced. On the other hand, when Mn exceeds 30.0%, excessive Mn segregation occurs during solidification, which induces weld cracking (high temperature cracking). Therefore, Mn was limited to the range of 15.0 to 30.0%. It should be noted that Mn is preferably 18.0% or more. Mn is preferably 27.0% or less. More preferably, Mn is 20.0% or more. More preferably, Mn is 26.0% or less.
- P 0.030% or less
- P is an element that segregates at the grain boundaries and induces high-temperature cracking, and it is preferable to reduce it as much as possible, but 0.030% or less is acceptable. Therefore, P was limited to 0.030% or less. Excessive reduction leads to an increase in refining cost. Therefore, P is preferably adjusted to 0.003% or more. More preferably, P is 0.005% or more. More preferably, P is 0.020% or less.
- S exists as MnS which is a sulfide-based inclusion in the weld metal. Since MnS is the starting point of fracture, it lowers the extremely low temperature toughness. Therefore, S is limited to 0.030% or less. Excessive reduction leads to an increase in refining cost. Therefore, S is preferably adjusted to 0.001% or more. More preferably, S is 0.003% or more. More preferably, P is 0.020% or less.
- Cr acts as an element that stabilizes the austenite phase at extremely low temperatures, and improves the extremely low temperature toughness of the weld metal. It also has the effect of improving the strength of the weld metal. Furthermore, it works effectively to narrow the temperature range of the solid-liquid coexistence region of the molten metal and suppress the occurrence of high-temperature cracking, and suppresses high-temperature cracking due to P by forming Cr phosphide in the liquid phase. It also has an effect. In order to obtain such an effect, the content of 6.0% or more is required. If Cr is less than 6.0%, the above effect cannot be ensured.
- Cr was limited to the range of 6.0 to 15.0%.
- Cr is preferably more than 7.0%.
- Cr is 15.0% or less. More preferably, Cr is 8.0% or more. More preferably, Cr is 13.0% or less.
- N 0.120% or less
- N is an element that is inevitably mixed, but like C, it effectively contributes to the improvement of the strength of the weld metal, stabilizes the austenite phase, and contributes to the stable improvement of the ultra-low temperature toughness. Such an effect becomes remarkable when the content is 0.003% or more.
- N was limited to 0.120% or less.
- N is 0.004% or more.
- N is 0.080% or less. More preferably, N is 0.010% or more. More preferably, N is 0.060% or less.
- the above-mentioned components are the basic components, but in the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned basic composition, Ni: 10.00% or less as an optional component, if necessary. And Mo: One or two selected from 3.50% or less can be selected and contained. Further, in addition to them, one or more selected from V: 1.00% or less, Ti: 1.00% or less and Nb: 1.00% or less may be selected and contained. can. Furthermore, in addition to them, one or more selected from Cu: 1.00% or less, Al: 0.100% or less, Ca: 0.010% or less and REM: 0.020% or less. Can be selected and contained.
- Ni and Mo are elements that enhance the austenite grain boundaries, and can be selected as necessary and contain either one or two.
- Ni is an element that strengthens austenite grain boundaries and segregates at the grain boundaries to improve ultra-low temperature toughness. In addition, Ni also has the effect of stabilizing the austenite phase, so if the content is further increased, the austenite phase is stabilized and the extremely low temperature toughness of the weld metal is improved.
- Ni is an expensive element, and a content of more than 10.00% is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, Ni is preferably limited to 10.00% or less. More preferably, it is in the range of 8.00% or less. More preferably, it is in the range of 6.00% or less.
- Mo is an element that strengthens austenite grain boundaries and segregates at the grain boundaries to improve the strength of the weld metal. It also has the effect of improving the strength of the weld metal by strengthening the solid solution.
- Mo is preferably limited to the range of 3.50% or less. More preferably, it is in the range of 3.00% or less. Further, preferably, Mo is 1.00% or more. Preferably, Mo is 3.00% or less.
- V 1.00% or less
- Ti 1.00% or less
- Nb 1.00% or less
- All of V, Ti and Nb are elements that promote the formation of carbides and contribute to the improvement of the strength of the weld metal, and can be selected as necessary and contain one or more.
- V is a carbide-forming element, which precipitates fine carbides and contributes to the improvement of the strength of the weld metal. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.001% or more. However, if it is contained in an amount of more than 1.00%, the carbide becomes coarse and becomes a starting point of fracture, which causes a decrease in extremely low temperature toughness. Therefore, when it is contained, V is preferably limited to 1.00% or less. Preferably, V is 0.002% or more. Preferably, V is 0.60% or less. More preferably, V is 0.005% or more. More preferably, V is 0.20% or less.
- Ti is a carbide-forming element and precipitates fine carbides, which contributes to improving the strength of the weld metal.
- carbides are deposited on the interface of the solidified cell of the weld metal, which contributes to suppressing the occurrence of high temperature cracks.
- it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.001% or more.
- Ti is preferably limited to 1.00% or less.
- Ti is 0.002% or more.
- Ti is preferably 0.60% or less. More preferably, Ti is 0.005% or more. More preferably, Ti is 0.20% or less.
- Nb is a carbide-forming element, which is an element that precipitates carbides and contributes to the improvement of the strength of the weld metal.
- carbides are deposited on the interface of the solidified cell of the weld metal, which contributes to suppressing the occurrence of high temperature cracks. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.001% or more. However, if it exceeds 1.00%, the carbide becomes coarse and becomes a starting point of fracture, which causes a decrease in extremely low temperature toughness. Therefore, when it is contained, it is preferable to limit Nb to 1.00% or less. More preferably, Nb is 0.002% or more. Preferably, Nb is 0.60% or less. More preferably, Nb is 0.005% or more. More preferably, Nb is 0.30% or less.
- Cu 1.00% or less, Al: 0.100% or less, Ca: 0.010% or less and REM: 0.020% or less]
- Cu is an element that contributes to austenite stabilization
- Al is an element that contributes to bead shape stabilization
- Ca and REM are elements that contribute to workability improvement. Select one or more as necessary. Can be contained.
- Cu is an element that stabilizes the austenite phase, stabilizes the austenite phase even at extremely low temperatures, and improves the extremely low temperature toughness of the weld metal. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% or more. However, if it is contained in a large amount exceeding 1.00%, segregation occurs during solidification and induces high temperature cracking. Therefore, when it is contained, Cu is preferably limited to 1.00% or less. Preferably, Cu is 0.01% or more. Preferably, Cu is 0.60% or less. More preferably, Cu is 0.10% or less.
- Al acts as a deoxidizing agent, increases the viscosity of the molten metal, and has an important effect of stably maintaining the bead shape. In addition, it narrows the temperature range of the solid-liquid coexistence region of the molten metal and contributes to the suppression of the occurrence of high-temperature cracking of the weld metal. Since such an effect becomes remarkable when the content is 0.005% or more, it is preferable to contain 0.005% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.100%, the viscosity of the molten metal becomes too high, and conversely, the beads do not spread and defects such as fusion defects increase. Therefore, when it is contained, Al is preferably limited to 0.100% or less. More preferably, Al is 0.005% or more. More preferably, Al is 0.060% or less. More preferably, Al is 0.020% or less.
- Ca binds to S in the molten metal to form a high melting point sulfide CaS. Since CaS has a higher melting point than MnS, it contributes to suppressing the occurrence of high-temperature cracking of the weld metal. Such an effect becomes remarkable when the content is 0.001% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.010%, the arc is disturbed during welding, which makes stable welding difficult. Therefore, when it is contained, Ca is preferably limited to 0.010% or less. More preferably, Ca is 0.001% or more. More preferably, Ca is 0.008% or less.
- REM refers to rare earth elements such as Sc, Y, La, and Ce. It is a powerful deoxidizer and is present in weld metals in the form of REM oxides. The REM oxide becomes a nucleation site during solidification, thereby refining the crystal grains and contributing to the improvement of the strength of the weld metal. Such an effect becomes remarkable when the content is 0.001% or more. However, if it is contained in excess of 0.020%, the stability of the arc is lowered. Therefore, when it is contained, the REM is preferably limited to 0.020% or less. More preferably, the REM is 0.002% or more. Preferably the REM is 0.018% or less. More preferably, the REM is 0.010% or less.
- the balance other than the above components consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- unavoidable impurities include O, Sn, Sb, As, Pb, Bi and the like. It is preferable that the amount of O in the wire is 0.15% or less, the amounts of Sn, Sb, and As are 0.005% or less, and the amounts of Pb and Bi are 0.0001% or less, respectively. Further, elements other than these may be contained as long as the above-mentioned basic composition and selective components are satisfied, and such an embodiment is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- the production of the filler material of the present invention does not need to limit the production method except that the molten steel having the above-mentioned composition component is used, and any of the conventional filler metal production methods can be applied.
- the fillering material of the present invention is, for example, a casting process in which molten steel having the above-mentioned composition components is melted in a conventional melting furnace such as an electric furnace or a vacuum melting furnace and cast into a mold having a predetermined shape.
- a heating step of heating the obtained ingot to a predetermined temperature and a hot rolling step of hot rolling the heated ingot to obtain a steel material (rod shape) having a predetermined shape are sequentially performed, and then The obtained steel material (rod-shaped) is subjected to cold rolling (cold wire drawing) multiple times and, if necessary, a tanning step of setting the tanning temperature: 900 to 1200 ° C. to obtain the desired dimensions. It is preferable to carry out a cold rolling step using a wire.
- the steel materials used as the base material are butted against each other, and while the inert gas is sprayed, the filler metal is continuously supplied and an arc is generated at the electrode of the tungsten rod. Welding can be performed to manufacture a welded joint.
- the steel material used as the base material is preferably a steel material containing high Mn.
- the high Mn-containing steel material is a high-strength steel material for extremely low temperature, and is preferably Mn of 15.0 to 30.0% by mass. Specifically, in terms of mass%, C: 0.10 to 0.80%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 15.0 to 30.0%, P: 0.030% or less, A steel material containing S: 0.030% or less, Cr: 2.5 to 15.0%, N: 0.120% or less, and having a basic composition of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- one or two selected from Ni: 10.00% or less and Mo: 3.50% or less shall be selected and contained as an optional optional component, if necessary.
- one or two or more selected from V: 2.00% or less, Ti: 1.00% or less and Nb: 1.00% or less are selected and contained.
- Cu: 1.00% or less, Al: 0.100% or less, Ca: 0.010% or less, and REM: 0.020% or less selected from 1 A species or two or more species can be selected and contained.
- a steel material obtained through a conventional steelmaking process and a casting process is hot-rolled by adjusting heating conditions and rolling ratio, and then cooled to obtain a steel material (steel plate).
- the thickness of the rolled steel sheet is, for example, 3 to 100 mm.
- the molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted in a vacuum melting furnace and cast to make 1000 kg of steel ingot.
- the obtained ingot is heated to 1200 ° C., then hot-rolled, then cold-rolled, and annealed (900 to 1200 ° C.) as necessary for TIG welding with a diameter of 2.0 mm ⁇ and a length of 1000 mm. It was used as a filler material.
- a high Mn-containing steel plate for ultra-low temperature (plate thickness: 12 mm) was prepared, and the welded material was obtained by abutting to form a 45 ° V groove in accordance with JIS Z3111. Using, TIG welding was performed to obtain a welded metal in the groove described above.
- a steel sheet having a composition of 0.5% C-0.4% Si-25% Mn-3% Cr-residue Fe was used as the test plate.
- each filler material (diameter 2.0 mm ⁇ ) having the composition shown in Table 1 is used, the electrode is a pure tungsten rod (3.2 mm ⁇ ), no preheating, in a downward posture, and current: 200 A (DCEN).
- the voltage was 12 V, the welding speed was 8 cm / min, the inter-pass temperature was 100 to 150 ° C., and the shield gas was Ar.
- the examples of the present invention are welding materials that do not generate high-temperature cracking during welding and can obtain a welded metal having excellent high-temperature cracking resistance.
- the yield strength (0.2% proof stress) at room temperature is 400 MPa or more
- the absorbed energy vE-196 of the Charpy impact test at a test temperature: -196 ° C. is 28 J or more. It has been found that it is a filler metal that has cleared the target value and can obtain a weld metal having both high strength and excellent ultra-low temperature toughness.
- Weld cracking (high temperature cracking) occurs because the segregation of P in the above can not be suppressed, and the absorbed energy vE-196 at the test temperature: -196 ° C. is less than 28J, and the desired excellent ultra-low temperature toughness can be secured. do not have.
- Welding material No. 22 since the C content and the Mn content are high outside the range of the present invention, carbides and Mn segregate into the final solidified portion at the time of welding, and welding cracks (high temperature cracks) are generated.
- Carbide is the starting point of fracture, and the absorbed energy vE-196 at the test temperature: -196 ° C is less than 28J, and the desired excellent ultra-low temperature toughness cannot be secured.
- the absorbed energy vE-196 is less than 28J, and the desired excellent ultra-low temperature toughness cannot be secured.
- welding material No. In 24 since the Mn content is low outside the range of the present invention, the stability of the austenite phase is low, and therefore, the absorbed energy vE-196 at the test temperature: -196 ° C. is less than 28 J, which is an excellent extremely low temperature desired. Toughness has not been secured.
- welding material No. In No. 25 the Mo content is high outside the range of the present invention, and Mo carbides that can be the starting point of fracture are generated. Very low temperature toughness has not been ensured.
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Abstract
Description
[1]質量%で、C:0.20~0.80%、Si:0.15~0.90%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:6.0~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有するTIG溶接用溶加材。
[2][1]における前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有するTIG溶接用溶加材。
[3][1]または[2]における前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、V:1.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有するTIG溶接用溶加材。
[4][1]ないし[3]のいずれか一つにおける前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有するTIG溶接用溶加材。
[5][1]ないし[4]のいずれか一つに記載のTIG溶接用溶加材と非消耗電極を用いて高Mn含有鋼材をTIG溶接する溶接継手部の製造方法。
[6][5]において、前記高Mn含有鋼材のMn含有量が、質量%で、15.0~30.0%である溶接継手部の製造方法。
[7][5]または[6]において、前記高Mn含有鋼材は、質量%で、C:0.10~0.80%、Si:0.05~1.00%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:2.5~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有する溶接継手部の製造方法。
[8][5]ないし[7]のいずれか一つにおいて、前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有する溶接継手部の製造方法。
[9][5]ないし[8]のいずれか一つにおいて、前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、V:2.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する溶接継手部の製造方法。
[10][5]ないし[9]のいずれか一つにおいて、前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する溶接継手部の製造方法。
より好ましくは、本発明の溶加材は、JIS Z 3111に準拠してTIG溶接により製作した溶着金属が、常温における0.2%耐力で400MPa以上の高強度と、試験温度:-196℃でのシャルピー衝撃試験の吸収エネルギーが28J以上である優れた極低温靭性と、を兼備する溶着金属となり、高強度で極低温靭性に優れた溶接継手部を製造することができる溶接材料である。
TIG溶接は、前述したように、電極棒に消耗しない材料のタングステンを使用して、アルゴンガスやヘリウムガスを吹き付けて空気を遮断しながら、別の溶加材をアーク中で溶融して溶接する方法である。このTIG溶接は、様々な合金鋼や非鉄金属などにも適用でき、複雑な形状でも溶接でき、優れた溶接品質が得られることから、あらゆる金属の溶接に適用されている。
本発明のTIG溶接用溶加材は、基本組成として、質量%で、C:0.20~0.80%、Si:0.15~0.90%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:6.0~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有するものである。まずは、基本組成の組成限定理由について説明する。なお、以下、組成における「%」は、「質量%」であることを意味する。
Cは、固溶強化により、溶接金属の強度を上昇させる作用を有する元素であり、また、オーステナイト相を安定化させ、溶接金属の極低温衝撃靭性を向上させる。このような効果を得るためには、0.20%以上の含有を必要とする。しかし、0.80%を超えて含有すると、炭化物が析出し、極低温靭性が低下し、さらに、溶接時の溶接割れ(高温割れ)が生じやすくなる。そのため、Cは、0.20~0.80%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは、Cは、0.40%以上である。好ましくは、Cは0.60%以下である。より好ましくは、Cは0.45%以上である。より好ましくは、Cは、0.55%以下である。
Siは、脱酸剤として作用し、Mnの歩留りを高めるとともに、溶融金属の粘性を高め、ビード形状を安定的に保持する効果がある。そのような効果を得るためには、0.15%以上の含有を必要とする。しかし、0.90%を超えて含有すると、溶接金属の極低温靭性を低下させ、また、Siは、凝固時に偏析し、凝固セル界面に液相を生成して、耐高温割れ性を低下させる。そのため、Siは、0.15~0.90%の範囲に限定した。好ましくは、Siは、0.20%以上である。好ましくは、Siは、0.70%以下である。より好ましくは、Siは、0.30%以上である。より好ましくは、Siは0.60%以下である。
Mnは、安価に、オーステナイト相を安定化する元素であり、本発明では15.0%以上の含有を必要とする。Mnが15.0%未満では、溶接金属中にフェライト相が生成し、極低温での靭性が著しく低下する。一方、Mnが30.0%を超えると、凝固時に過度のMn偏析が発生し、溶接割れ(高温割れ)を誘発する。そのため、Mnは、15.0~30.0%の範囲に制限した。なお、好ましくは、Mnは18.0%以上である。好ましくはMnは、27.0%以下である。より好ましくは、Mnは、20.0%以上である。より好ましくは、Mnは26.0%以下である。
Pは、結晶粒界に偏析し、高温割れを誘発する元素であり、できるだけ低減することが好ましいが、0.030%以下であれば、許容できる。そのため、Pは、0.030%以下に限定した。なお、過度の低減は、精練コストの高騰を招く。そのため、Pは、0.003%以上に調整することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Pは、0.005%以上である。より好ましくは、Pは、0.020%以下である。
Sは、溶接金属中では、硫化物系介在物であるMnSとして存在する。MnSは、破壊の発生起点となるため、極低温靭性を低下させる。そのため、Sは、0.030%以下に限定した。なお、過度の低減は、精練コストの高騰を招く。そのため、Sは、0.001%以上に調整することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Sは、0.003%以上である。より好ましくは、Pは、0.020%以下である。
Crは、極低温ではオーステナイト相を安定化させる元素として働き、溶接金属の極低温靭性を向上させる。また、溶接金属の強度を向上させる作用を有する。さらに、溶融金属の固液共存領域の温度範囲を狭め、高温割れの発生を抑制するのに有効に作用するとともに、液相中でCrリン化物を形成することで、Pによる高温割れを抑制する作用も有する。このような効果を得るためには、6.0%以上の含有を必要とする。Crが6.0%未満では、上記した効果を確保できない。一方、15.0%を超えて含有すると、Cr炭化物が生成し、極低温靭性の低下を招く。そのため、Crは、6.0~15.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましくは、Crは7.0%超である。好ましくは、Crは、15.0%以下である。より好ましくは、Crは、8.0%以上である。より好ましくはCrは、13.0%以下である。
Nは、不可避的に混入する元素であるが、Cと同様に、溶接金属の強度向上に有効に寄与するとともに、オーステナイト相を安定化し、極低温靱性の安定的向上に寄与する。このような効果は、0.003%以上の含有で顕著となる。一方、0.120%を超えて含有すると、窒化物を形成し、低温靱性が低下する。そのため、Nは、0.120%以下に限定した。好ましくは、Nは、0.004%以上である。好ましくはNは、0.080%以下である。より好ましくは、Nは、0.010%以上である。より好ましくはNは、0.060%以下である。
本発明の溶加材は、上記した成分が基本の成分であるが、本発明では、上記した基本の組成に加えてさらに、任意的選択成分として必要に応じて、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を選択して含有することができる。また、それらに加えて、V:1.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を選択して含有することができる。さらに、それらに加えて、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を選択して含有することができる。
NiおよびMoは、いずれもオーステナイト粒界を強化する元素であり、必要に応じて選択してどちらか1種または2種を含有することができる。
Niは、オーステナイト粒界を強化する元素であり、粒界に偏析し、極低温靱性を向上させる。また、Niは、オーステナイト相を安定化する効果もあるため、さらに含有量を増加すれば、オーステナイト相を安定化させて、溶接金属の極低温靭性を向上させる。しかし、Niは、高価な元素であり、10.00%を超える含有は、経済的に不利となる。そのため、Niは、10.00%以下に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは、8.00%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは、6.00%以下の範囲である。
Moは、オーステナイト粒界を強化する元素であり、粒界に偏析し、溶接金属の強度を向上させる。また、固溶強化により溶接金属の強度を向上させる作用も有する。一方、3.50%を超えて含有すると、炭化物として析出し、破壊の発生起点となり、極低温靭性の低下を招く場合がある。そのため、Moは3.50%以下の範囲に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは、3.00%以下の範囲である。さらに、好ましくは、Moは、1.00%以上である。好ましくは、Moは、3.00%以下である。
V、TiおよびNbは、いずれも、炭化物の形成を促進し、溶接金属の強度向上に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて選択して1種または2種以上を含有することができる。
Vは、炭化物形成元素であり、微細な炭化物を析出させて、溶接金属の強度向上に寄与する。このような効果を得るためには、0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。しかし、1.00%を超えて含有すると、炭化物が粗大化して、破壊の発生起点となり、極低温靭性の低下を招く。そのため、含有する場合には、Vは、1.00%以下に限定することが好ましい。好ましくは、Vは0.002%以上である。好ましくは、Vは0.60%以下である。さらに好ましくは、Vは0.005%以上である。さらに好ましくはVは0.20%以下である。
Tiは、炭化物形成元素であり、微細な炭化物を析出させて、溶接金属の強度向上に寄与する。また、溶接金属の凝固セル界面に炭化物を析出させて、高温割れの発生抑制に寄与する。このような効果を得るためには、0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。しかし、1.00%を超えて含有すると、炭化物が粗大化して、破壊の発生起点となり、極低温靭性の低下を招く。そのため、含有する場合には、Tiは、1.00%以下に限定することが好ましい。好ましくは、Tiは0.002%以上である。好ましくはTiは0.60%以下である。さらに好ましくは、Tiは0.005%以上である。さらに好ましくはTiは0.20%以下である。
Nbは、炭化物形成元素であり、炭化物を析出させて、溶接金属の強度向上に寄与する元素である。また、溶接金属の凝固セル界面に炭化物を析出させて、高温割れの発生抑制に寄与する。このような効果を得るためには、0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。しかし、1.00%を超えると、炭化物が粗大化して、破壊の発生起点となり、極低温靭性の低下を招く。そのため、含有する場合には、Nbは1.00%以下に限定することが好ましい。なお、より好ましくは、Nbは、0.002%以上である。好ましくは、Nbは0.60%以下である。さらに好ましくは、Nbは0.005%以上である。さらに好ましくは、Nbは0.30%以下である。
Cuは、オーステナイト安定化に寄与する元素であり、Alは、ビード形状の安定化、CaおよびREMは、加工性向上に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて選択して1種または2種以上を含有することができる。
Cuは、オーステナイト相を安定化する元素であり、極低温でもオーステナイト相を安定化させて、溶接金属の極低温靭性を向上させる。このような効果を得るためには、0.01%以上含有することが好ましい。しかし、1.00%を超えて多量に含有すると、凝固時に偏析し、高温割れを誘発する。そのため、含有する場合には、Cuは、1.00%以下に限定することが好ましい。好ましくは、Cuは、0.01%以上である。好ましくは、Cuは、0.60%以下である。より好ましくは、Cuは、0.10%以下である。
Alは、脱酸剤として作用し、溶融金属の粘性を高め、ビード形状を安定的に保持する重要な作用を有する。また、溶融金属の固液共存領域の温度範囲を狭め、溶接金属の高温割れ発生の抑制に寄与する。このような効果は、0.005%以上の含有で顕著となるため、0.005%以上含有することが好ましい。しかし、0.100%を超えて含有すると、溶融金属の粘性が高くなりすぎて、逆に、ビードが広がらず融合不良などの欠陥が増加する。そのため、含有する場合には、Alは、0.100%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Alは、0.005%以上である。より好ましくはAlは0.060%以下である。より好ましくはAlは、0.020%以下である。
Caは、溶融金属中でSと結合し、高融点の硫化物CaSを形成する。CaSは、MnSよりも高融点であるため、溶接金属の高温割れ発生の抑制に寄与する。このような効果は、0.001%以上の含有で顕著となる。一方、0.010%を超えて含有すると、溶接時にアークに乱れが生じ、安定な溶接が困難となる。そのため、含有する場合には、Caは、0.010%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Caは、0.001%以上である。より好ましくは、Caは0.008%以下である。
REMは、Sc、Y、La、Ceなどの希土類元素をいう。強力な脱酸剤であり、溶接金属中でREM酸化物の形態で存在する。REM酸化物は、凝固時の核生成サイトとなることで、結晶粒を微細化し、溶接金属の強度の向上に寄与する。このような効果は、0.001%以上の含有で顕著となる。しかし、0.020%を超えて含有すると、アークの安定性が低下する。そのため、含有する場合には、REMは、0.020%以下に限定することが好ましい。より好ましくはREMは、0.002%以上である。好ましくはREMは、0.018%以下である。より好ましくはREMは0.010%以下である。
上記した成分以外の残部は、Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる。不可避的不純物としては、例えば、O、Sn、Sb、As、Pb、Biなどが挙げられる。ワイヤ中のO量は、0.15%以下とし、Sn、Sb、As量は、それぞれ0.005%以下とし、Pb、Bi量は、それぞれ0.0001%以下としておくことが好ましい。また、前述の基本組成および選択成分を満足する限り、これら以外の元素を含有させても良く、そのような実施態様も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
次に、本発明のTIG溶接用溶加材の製造方法について説明する。
前述のTIG溶接用溶加材を用いて、TIG溶接法により母材となる鋼材を溶接した溶接継手部の製造方法について説明する。
母材となる鋼材は、高Mn含有鋼材であることが好ましい。高Mn含有鋼材とは、極低温用の高強度鋼材であって、質量%で、Mnが15.0~30.0%であることが好ましい。具体的には、質量%で、C:0.10~0.80%、Si:0.05~1.00%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:2.5~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を基本組成とする鋼材であって、この基本組成に加えてさらに、任意的選択成分として必要に応じて、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を選択して含有することができ、また、それらに加えて、V:2.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を選択して含有することができ、さらに、それらに加えて、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を選択して含有することができるものである。
溶接後、溶着金属を光学顕微鏡で観察し(30倍)、溶接割れの有無を判定した。溶接割れは、高温割れであり、割れ発生が認められる場合は耐高温割れ性が低下しているとして「×」と評価した。割れ発生が認められない場合は、耐高温割れ性に優れるとして「○」と評価した。
得られた溶着金属から、JIS Z 3111の規定に準拠して、溶着金属の引張試験片(平行部径6mmφ)および溶着金属のシャルピー衝撃試験片(Vノッチ)を採取し、引張試験、衝撃試験を実施した。
引張試験は、室温で、各3本実施し、得られた値(0.2%耐力)の平均値を当該ワイヤを用いた溶着金属の引張特性とした。本発明の目標値は、前述したように、常温における0.2%耐力が400MPa以上とした。
また、シャルピー衝撃試験は、各3本実施し、試験温度:-196℃における吸収エネルギーvE-196を求め、その平均値を当該ワイヤを用いた溶着金属の極低温靭性とした。本発明の目標値は、前述したように、吸収エネルギーvE-196が28J以上とした。
Claims (10)
- 質量%で、C:0.20~0.80%、Si:0.15~0.90%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:6.0~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有するTIG溶接用溶加材。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有する請求項1に記載のTIG溶接用溶加材。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、V:1.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する請求項1または2に記載のTIG溶接用溶加材。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載のTIG溶接用溶加材。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載のTIG溶接用溶加材と非消耗電極を用いて高Mn含有鋼材をTIG溶接する溶接継手部の製造方法。
- 前記高Mn含有鋼材のMn含有量が、質量%で、15.0~30.0%である請求項5に記載の溶接継手部の製造方法。
- 前記高Mn含有鋼材は、質量%で、C:0.10~0.80%、Si:0.05~1.00%、Mn:15.0~30.0%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、Cr:2.5~15.0%、N:0.120%以下を含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる組成を有する請求項5または6に記載の溶接継手部の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Ni:10.00%以下およびMo:3.50%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有する請求項5ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の溶接継手部の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、V:2.00%以下、Ti:1.00%以下およびNb:1.00%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する請求項5ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の溶接継手部の製造方法。
- 前記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:1.00%以下、Al:0.100%以下、Ca:0.010%以下およびREM:0.020%以下のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有する請求項5ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の溶接継手部の製造方法。
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