WO2022129776A1 - Device for continuously gathering floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium to optimise the recovery thereof - Google Patents

Device for continuously gathering floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium to optimise the recovery thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022129776A1
WO2022129776A1 PCT/FR2021/052326 FR2021052326W WO2022129776A1 WO 2022129776 A1 WO2022129776 A1 WO 2022129776A1 FR 2021052326 W FR2021052326 W FR 2021052326W WO 2022129776 A1 WO2022129776 A1 WO 2022129776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floating
sling
slings
central
aqueous medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2021/052326
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rémi ALLAIN
Original Assignee
Allain Remi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allain Remi filed Critical Allain Remi
Priority to EP21851674.8A priority Critical patent/EP4259519A1/en
Publication of WO2022129776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022129776A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/32—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B63B21/58—Adaptations of hooks for towing; Towing-hook mountings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0814—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material with underwater curtains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0842—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material adapted to be towed for operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a funnel-shaped device towed by ship for continuously gathering a wide band of floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium, such as sea, river, lake, into a narrow band of floating waste in order to optimize their recovery.
  • an aqueous medium such as sea, river, lake
  • Patent application WO2011/087368 also describes a solution intended for the collection of impurities in the sea, comprising two front side walls in extension comprising floating elements along the upper edge and weight elements along the lower edge .
  • the side walls are arranged in a V which converges to a collection area from where unwanted materials/impurities present on the surface can be collected and removed.
  • a body is arranged in the collection area in a substantially vertical position between the two extending side walls, the inclination being in a downward and rearward direction, two rear side walls provided with floating elements along the edge top and weight bodies sinking into the water along the bottom edge being arranged in an inverted V which diverges away from the wall body and forms a defined stopped water zone from which impurities are removed .
  • the trawl type system has the disadvantage of not being able to operate continuously. Once the trawl is full, the vessel has to stop in order to crane the trawl and empty it onto the vessel, which wastes time. The trawl type system requires two tugs in order to keep the port and starboard floats taut with the desired opening angle, which increases the overall cost and makes the maneuver difficult.
  • the present invention relates to a waste collection device having the characteristics set out in claim 1, and optionally in the dependent claims.
  • One objective of the invention is to collect the floating waste on the surface of a large area, in a narrow band dense with floating waste in order to optimize their recovery.
  • the invention allows the recovery of waste to be faster because ships specialized in the recovery of floating waste need fewer passages to treat a given area.
  • One objective of the invention is to be able to operate with a single tug vessel, which reduces the cost of use and simplifies coordination between the various stakeholders at sea.
  • Objectives of the invention are to be light, easily transportable, inexpensive, easy to use, and to be able to be quickly deployed in an area, in the event of an oil spill for example where the speed of intervention is often a key factor.
  • One objective of the invention is to be able to operate continuously.
  • An object of the invention is not to require excessive fuel consumption of the towing vessel. This is made possible thanks to a hydrodynamic shape which reduces the drag of the device in the water. Fuel consumption is also limited thanks to a particular shape of the device which does not generate any lateral force on the towing vessel, the latter therefore not having to supply any additional compensation force. [15] An object of the invention is that the elements making up the device do not require oversizing because of forces that are too unevenly distributed.
  • One objective of the invention is that the resulting web dense with floating waste is stable, that is to say that it does not disperse too much over time.
  • the device must therefore generate few detached vortices at the level of the resulting band.
  • One objective of the invention is to be able to control the opening of the device directly from the ship in order to move it quickly from one area to another without folding it up on board, and to adapt it to the width of a zone.
  • One objective of the invention is to be able to operate at high speed, without the sails lifting due to hydrodynamic forces.
  • the device comprises a floating assembly system in the form of a funnel, composed of at least two floats to which are attached at least two sails vertically submerged and weighted on their lower part.
  • This floating assembly system is connected to at least one towing vessel by slings. When the device is towed by a towing ship, the waste on the surface of the water is collected between the sails which form a narrowing funnel.
  • the floating muster system is towed using at least three slings, i.e. at least two outer slings which are attached to the ends of the floating muster system closest to the vessel, and at least one central sling which separates into at least two secondary slings attached to the ends of the floating muster system farthest from the vessel.
  • At least one additional sling connects together the two ends of the floating muster system furthest from the ship, and the two secondary slings are hooked directly to a point of hang on the ship.
  • the attachment point on the ship, on which the central sling or the secondary slings are attached is a means of varying the length of the sling central or secondary slings, and a means of controlling the opening angle of the floating assembly system.
  • the stabilization of the vortex detachments at the exit from the floating muster system is ensured by a floating stabilization system connected to the floating muster system.
  • This floating stabilization system is made up of at least two stabilization floats parallel and symmetrical with respect to the forward axis of the ship, to which are attached at least two sails submerged and weighted on their lower part.
  • the sails make a bend. They then form a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length. The whole reduces the agitation of the water and the dispersion of waste at the level of the narrow band thus formed.
  • hydrodynamic reinforcement means are installed. They modify the shape of said floating assembly system by making it convex on either side of the central sling.
  • the hydrodynamic reinforcement means are composed of at least two hydrodynamic reinforcement slings, attached on one side to at least one hydrodynamic connection element positioned on the central sling, and on the other to at least one attachment element. sling on the floating assembly system, symmetrically on either side of the central sling. These slings are preferably positioned halfway between two slings already present in order to increase the effectiveness of said hydrodynamic reinforcement means.
  • the device is symmetrical along the forward axis of the vessel and the central sling. This symmetrical character makes it possible to cancel part of the lateral hydrodynamic forces between them via the central sling, which makes it possible to relieve the tension applied to the external slings and not to oversize them.
  • the symmetrical nature of the device induces that the sum of the efforts of the slings on the ship has no lateral component to the axis of advance of the ship when the ship is advancing in a straight line.
  • the sail holding means are composed of at at least one sling attachment element on the lower part submerged in the water of a gathering float, directly above an already existing sling attachment element in the upper part, and at least two slings sail support hooked to said fixing elements in the upper and lower part, and hooked to a sail connecting element.
  • This sail connecting element is connected with a sling to the central sling.
  • connection between the floating assembly system and the floating stabilization system may be a slide-type mechanical connection, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin, said pin being inserted both into the end of the assembly float and in the end of the stabilization float, said pin having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling directly above.
  • This means of connection and this sling attachment system allow a simple and quick installation.
  • the device allows easy transport because it is made up of slings, canvas, inflated or foam floats. Said device can be transported folded, or rolled up around one or two trawl reels. The device is adjustable in size, by adding floats in order to scan a wider area.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of the device of the invention, with four assembly floats, two stabilization floats, a hydrodynamic reinforcement means and a sail holding means.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the assembly float furthest from the ship, with on one side its end furthest from the ship, and on the other the fixing elements of sling, as well as part of a second assembly float.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the slide connection between a gathering float and a stabilization float, with two ring fixing pins and a sail holding means.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment towed by two ships.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a variant of a multimodule assembly float device.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment towed by two ships.
  • the device comprises a floating gathering system (1) towed by at least one ship (100) and composed of at least two gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21 ), to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) weighted on their lower part (13; 23) and immersed vertically under the free surface of the water (SL) with a draft (D).
  • the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21) are positioned symmetrically with respect to a median axis of symmetry (8) corresponding to the axis of advance of the ship (100) when the latter follows a straight course, in forming a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the vessel (100).
  • the funnel shape of the floating collection system (1) can continuously collect macro waste, micro plastics, algae, polluting liquid such as oil or petroleum, and any other type of floating waste, in a denser narrow strip in waste, which makes it possible to optimize their recovery.
  • the general principle of the invention consists in providing traction on the inner rear ends (17; 27) furthest from the ship (100) of the floating assembly system (1), by two slings (16, 26) joined on the centerline (8), the meeting point (30) being connected to the stern of the vessel (100) by a sling (35) the length of which is fixed to maintain a form factor of the collection surface.
  • this traction can also be exerted on a middle zone (32, 42) of the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21), between the outer front ends (14, 24) and the inner rear ends (17 27) furthest from the ship (100), by two slings (31, 41) joined at a midpoint (46) on the midsling (35).
  • the two ends (14; 24) closest to the ship (100) of the floating assembly system (1) are connected to said ship (100) by at least two outer slings (15; 25).
  • the two ends (17; 27) farthest from the ship (100) of said floating assembly system (1) are connected to at least two secondary slings (16; 26) connected to a central connecting element (30), itself even connected by a central sling (35) to the ship (100) on an attachment point (145).
  • the central sling (35) has zero length
  • the secondary slings (16; 26) are directly attached to the attachment point (145), and at least one additional sling (36) connects the ends (17; 27) together.
  • a means of variation placed at the attachment point (145) makes it possible to reduce the length of the central sling (35) or the length of the secondary slings (16; 26) as the case may be, which allows the floating assembly system ( 1) to adopt a larger opening angle.
  • the floating assembly system (1) adopts an angle of lower aperture. This flexibility of the floating assembly system makes it possible to adapt easily to the area to be treated, but also to reduce the drag of the floating assembly system (1) in the event of a rapid change of area, without requiring the device to be folded on the ship (100).
  • the funnel-shaped device for the continuous gathering of floating waste in an aqueous medium makes it possible to optimize their recovery. It comprises a floating assembly system (1) towed by at least one ship (100), consisting of a pair of assembly floats (10; 20) or a pair of a succession of floats (10, 11; 20, 21) symmetrical with respect to a median axis of symmetry (8) corresponding to the forward axis of the ship (100) in the collection situation.
  • the device also comprises sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on their lower part (13; 23), attached to the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21).
  • the assembly forms a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the ship (100).
  • This floating assembly system (1) has two ends (14; 24) closest to the ship (100), referred to as “outer front ends", and two ends (17; 27) furthest from the ship (100) referred to as “inner rear ends”.
  • This floating assembly system (1) is intended to be towed using at least two outer slings (15; 25) attached directly to the vessel (100) and to the outer front ends (14; 24), and using at least two secondary slings (16; 26) attached to the inner front ends (17; 27).
  • These secondary slings (16; 26) meet in a central connecting element (30), itself connected by a sling (35) to the ship (100) on an attachment point (145).
  • This attachment point (145) is a means of varying the length of the central sling (35) and of controlling the opening angle of the floating assembly system (1), for example a winch.
  • This floating stabilization system (2) is composed of at least two stabilization floats (18; 28) parallel and symmetrical with respect to the axis of advance of the ship (100) to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) submerged vertically with a draft (D). They form a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length away from the ship (100).
  • This floating stabilization system (2) has its two ends (7, 9) closest to the ship (100) connected to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating assembly system (1) by a connecting means (19 ; 29). The length of this stabilization corridor is determined according to the size of the floating assembly system (1) and the forward speed of the device.
  • the floating stabilization system (2) attenuates the disturbances on the surface generated by the floating assembly system (1), said floating stabilization system (2) being composed of at least two stabilization floats (18 ; 28) parallel and symmetrical with respect to the median axis of symmetry (8) and at least two sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on their lower part (13; 23), said sails being attached to the stabilization floats ( 18; 28), the assembly forming a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length away from the vessel (100), said floating stabilization system (2) having two ends (7, 9) closest to the vessel (100), said ends (7, 9) being connected to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating collection system (1) by a connecting means (19; 29).
  • hydrodynamic reinforcement means modify the shape of the floating assembly system (1) by maintaining the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21) towards inside the staging area.
  • These reinforcement means are composed of at least two hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) attached to at least one hydrodynamic connection element (46).
  • This hydrodynamic connecting element (46) is positioned on the central sling (35) between the vessel (100) and the central connecting element (30).
  • the hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) are attached symmetrically on either side of the central sling (35) to at least two sling fixing elements (32; 42) between the two outer front ends (14; 24) and interior rear (17; 27) of the floating gathering system (1).
  • the floating assembly system (1) thus adopts a convex shape on either side of the central sling (35) despite the drag forces in the axis of advance of the ship (100).
  • sail-holding means are installed. As shown in [Fig 1], in [Fig 2] and in [Fig 3], these holding means are characterized by at least one sling attachment element (32; 42) on the lower part immersed in water from at least one gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21), plumb with a sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part.
  • the slings (15; 25) and/or (31; 41) and/or (16; 26) separate into at least two sail-holding slings (38; 48) and (39; 49) thanks to a sail connection (37; 47).
  • the first sail-holding sling (38; 48) hooks onto the sling attachment (32; 42) in the upper part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21).
  • the second sail-holding sling (39; 49) hooks onto said fixing element (32; 42) in the submerged lower part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21).
  • sail-holding means prevent the sails (12; 22) from lifting due to hydrodynamic forces, said sail-holding means being composed of at least one sail-connecting element (37; 47 ), connected on the one hand to the sling (15; 25) or (31; 41) or (16; 26), and connected on the other hand to at least two sail-holding slings (38; 48) and (39; 49), the first sail-holding sling (38; 48) hooking onto the sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part of the gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21), the second sail-holding sling (39; 49) hooking onto a sling attachment element (32; 42) in the submerged lower part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21 ) plumb with the sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part.
  • the connecting means (19; 29) between the floating assembly system (1) and the floating stabilization system (2) can be a slide-type mechanical connection , locked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5).
  • the pin (5) is inserted both in the end (17; 27) of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21) and in the end (7, 9) of the stabilization float (18; 28).
  • the pin (5) dimensioned to resist the pulling forces of the slings, has a ring which makes it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or the sail holding sling (38; 48) or (39; 49 ) directly on it.
  • FIG 2] and [Fig 3] show a schematic view of an embodiment consisting of the arrangement of two pins (5) on the connection (19; 29) between the floating assembly system (1) and the floating stabilization system (2).
  • the device can be characterized in that the connecting means (19; 29) is a slide-type mechanical connection, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5), said pin (5) s 'inserting both in the end (17; 27) of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21) and in the end (7, 9) of the stabilization float (18; 28), said pin ( 5) having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or the additional sling (36) or the sail holding sling (38; 48) or (39; 49) directly above.
  • the connecting means (19; 29) is a slide-type mechanical connection, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5), said pin (5) s 'inserting both in the end (17; 27) of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21) and in the end (7, 9) of the stabilization float (18; 28), said pin ( 5) having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or
  • the device according to the invention is particularly intended for the collection of floating waste at sea such as plastics, macro waste, algae, oil slicks, petroleum and any other floating solid or fluid, in order to optimize their recovery.
  • floating waste at sea such as plastics, macro waste, algae, oil slicks, petroleum and any other floating solid or fluid, in order to optimize their recovery.
  • the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and represented, but those skilled in the art will know how to make any variant in accordance with their spirit.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment where the gathering device is towed by two ships (100, 200).
  • the floating assembly system (1) is towed by two ships (100, 200) advancing together. It is composed as in the previous variant of at least two gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21), to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) weighted on their lower part (13; 23) and submerged vertically.
  • the gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21) are positioned symmetrically with respect to the median axis of symmetry (8) forming a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the ships (100, 200).
  • the two ends (17; 27) furthest from the ships (100; 200) of said floating gathering system (1) are connected to at least two secondary slings (16; 26) connected to a central connecting element ( 30), itself connected by a central sling (35) to a secondary central connecting element (47).
  • This secondary central connecting element (47) is connected to each of the vessels (100, 200) by at least two secondary central slings (135, 235) at an attachment point (145; 245).
  • the attachment points (145; 245) of each vessel (100, 200) are a means of varying the length of the secondary central slings (135; 235) relative to the length of said outer slings (115; 225 ) and control of the opening angle of the floating assembly system (1)
  • Figure 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21) and stabilization floats (18; 28). This variant can be combined with any of the previous variants.
  • the stabilization floats (181, 182) each support a sail (121, 122) submerged vertically with low bending stiffness, weighted on the lower part (13)
  • the assembly floats (101, 111, 112) are each attached to a sail (123, 124, 125) immersed vertically, weighted on the lower part (13).
  • the sails (123, 124, 125) are inflated in order to increase their bending stiffness, and ensure the buoyancy of the floating collection system (1).
  • the gathering floats (101, 111, 112) prevent the floating gathering system (1) from descending below the free surface (SL) in the presence of waves.
  • the sling attachment elements (321, 322) are doubled in order to evenly distribute the bending forces on each sail (123, 124, 125)
  • the outer front ends (14; 24) are completed at the front by a flat element (114) having a height similar to that of the sails (123 to 125) of the floating gathering system (1).
  • the connection between this planar element (114) and the outer front end (14) (which may or may not be modular) imposes a predetermined opening angle between the plane formed by the sail of the nearest assembly float (125) of the ship (100) and the plane formed by this flat element (114), in order to facilitate the initiation of the opening of the floating gathering system (1).
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment where the assembly device, towed by two ships (100, 200), has two flat elements (114, 214) at its outer front ends (14, 24), and two elements hydrodynamic connection (461, 462) positioned on the secondary central slings (135, 235).

Abstract

The invention relates to a device making it possible to continuously gather a wide band of floating waste into a narrow band to optimise the recovery thereof. The device comprises a floating gathering system forming a narrowing corridor, consisting of gathering floats supporting two submerged and weighted sails between which the waste is gathered, towed by a ship at its two ends by outer slings, and at its two ends by secondary slings that meet in a central sling connected to the ship at a hook point which is a means for varying the length of the central sling and controlling the opening angle of the floating gathering system. The stabilisation at the output of the system is provided by a floating stabilisation system. The device according to the invention is intended, in particular, for recovering floating waste from the sea.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
Titre de l'invention : Dispositif de rassemblement en continu de déchets flottants à la surface d’un milieu aqueux pour optimiser leur récupération. Title of the invention: Device for the continuous gathering of floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium to optimize their recovery.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif en forme d’entonnoir tracté par navire pour rassembler en continu une large bande de déchets flottants à la surface d’un milieu aqueux, tel que mer, rivière, lac, en une bande étroite de déchets flottants afin d’optimiser leur récupération. The present invention relates to a funnel-shaped device towed by ship for continuously gathering a wide band of floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium, such as sea, river, lake, into a narrow band of floating waste in order to optimize their recovery.
Etat de la technique State of the art
[1] On connaît dans l’état de la technique une solution présentée par l’article paru dans la revue Plastic Korea: '"Waste Free Oceans' project / Now it's time to clean up the mess", 27 juillet 2017 (2017-07-27), XP055854324 qui concerne la collecte de déchets plastiques flottants dans la mer et qui est illustré par une photographie montrant un navire tractant par deux élingues parallèles fixées à la poupe du navire un équipement flottant, apparemment un sac, cet équipement flottant étant prolongé de part et d’autre par des élingues parallèles reliées à des tangons s’étendant latéralement de part et d’autre de la coque du navire. Ces deux tangons sont fixés aux extrémités des boudins flottants pour maintenir la géométrie du système flottant de collecte [1] We know in the state of the art a solution presented by the article published in the journal Plastic Korea: '"Waste Free Oceans' project / Now it's time to clean up the mess", July 27, 2017 (2017- 07-27), XP055854324 which concerns the collection of floating plastic waste in the sea and which is illustrated by a photograph showing a ship towing by two parallel slings fixed to the stern of the ship a floating equipment, apparently a bag, this floating equipment being extended on either side by parallel slings connected to outriggers extending laterally on either side of the ship's hull. These two outriggers are attached to the ends of the floating tubes to maintain the geometry of the floating collection system
[2] Une autre solution est connue par la demande de brevet FR2849427 proposant un filet formant une poche destinée à être remorquée par l'intermédiaire de funes reliées à deux ailes maintenues écartées l'une de l'autre qui se raccordent à la poche au niveau de son orifice d'entrée, ladite poche comprenant une partie avant en forme d'entonnoir à section décroissante à partir de l'orifice d'entrée et un réceptacle des produits pénétrant par l'ouverture, caractérisé en ce que le filet est détachable des funes. [2] Another solution is known from patent application FR2849427 proposing a net forming a pocket intended to be towed by means of warps connected to two wings held apart from each other which are connected to the pocket at the level with its inlet orifice, said pocket comprising a funnel-shaped front part with a section decreasing from the inlet orifice and a receptacle for the products penetrating through the opening, characterized in that the net is detachable warps.
[3] La demande de brevet WO2011/087368 décrit également une solution destinée à la collecte d'impuretés dans la mer, comprenant deux parois latérales avant en extension comportant des éléments flottants le long du bord supérieur et des éléments poids le long du bord inférieur. Les parois latérales sont agencées en un V qui converge vers une zone de collecte d'où les matières/impuretés indésirables présentes à la surface peuvent être collectées et éliminées. Un corps est agencé dans la zone de collecte en une position essentiellement verticale entre les deux parois latérales en extension, l'inclinaison se faisant dans une direction vers le bas et vers l'arrière, deux parois latérales arrière pourvues d'éléments flottants le long du bord supérieur et de corps formant poids s'enfonçant dans l'eau le long du bord inférieur étant agencées en un V inversé qui diverge à l'opposé du corps formant paroi et forme une zone d'eau arrêtée définie d'où les impuretés sont éliminées. [3] Patent application WO2011/087368 also describes a solution intended for the collection of impurities in the sea, comprising two front side walls in extension comprising floating elements along the upper edge and weight elements along the lower edge . The side walls are arranged in a V which converges to a collection area from where unwanted materials/impurities present on the surface can be collected and removed. A body is arranged in the collection area in a substantially vertical position between the two extending side walls, the inclination being in a downward and rearward direction, two rear side walls provided with floating elements along the edge top and weight bodies sinking into the water along the bottom edge being arranged in an inverted V which diverges away from the wall body and forms a defined stopped water zone from which impurities are removed .
Inconvénient de l’art antérieur Disadvantage of the prior art
[4] Ces solutions connues posent un problème de dimensionnement du système flottant de collecte par rapport à la taille du navire tractant et notamment de la taille de la poupe et nécessitent, en l’absence de panneaux divergeant, l’installation de tangons de part et d’autre de la coque. De plus, ces solutions de type nasse présentent l’inconvénient d’une augmentation de la trainée induite lors de leur remplissage, et ne peuvent être utilisées en continu sur de longues périodes. [4] These known solutions pose a problem of sizing the floating collection system in relation to the size of the towing vessel and in particular the size of the stern and require, in the absence of diverging panels, the installation of outriggers on either side. and either side of the hull. In addition, these trap-type solutions have the disadvantage of an increase in the drag induced when they are filled, and cannot be used continuously over long periods.
[5] Dans le cas des navires avec une ouverture réduite à la proue, l’ouverture du système de collecte est limitée à la largeur de la proue, et le navire doit effectuer de nombreux voyages pour couvrir une vaste surface, ce qui engendre une consommation importante de carburant et une longue durée de récupération. Par ailleurs, les différents passages dispersent une partie des déchets encore présents. De tels navires possèdent parfois deux petits bras immergés placés de part et d’autre de la proue afin d’augmenter la surface balayée, mais la taille de ces bras et la vitesse d’avance sont fortement limités, car le positionnement des bras à l’avant du navire ne leur permet pas de soutenir des efforts hydrodynamiques importants. [5] In the case of vessels with a reduced opening at the bow, the opening of the collection system is limited to the width of the bow, and the vessel must make many trips to cover a large area, which generates a high fuel consumption and long recovery time. In addition, the various passages disperse some of the waste still present. Such ships sometimes have two small submerged arms placed on either side of the bow in order to increase the swept surface, but the size of these arms and the speed of advance are greatly limited, because the positioning of the arms at the forward of the ship does not allow them to sustain significant hydrodynamic forces.
[6] Le système de type chalut présente l’inconvénient de ne pas pouvoir fonctionner en continu. Une fois le chalut plein, le navire doit s’arrêter afin de gruter le chalut et le vider sur le navire, ce qui fait perdre du temps. Le système de type chalut nécessite deux remorqueurs afin de maintenir les flotteurs tendus à bâbord et à tribord avec l’angle d’ouverture désiré, ce qui augmente le coût global et rend la manœuvre délicate. [6] The trawl type system has the disadvantage of not being able to operate continuously. Once the trawl is full, the vessel has to stop in order to crane the trawl and empty it onto the vessel, which wastes time. The trawl type system requires two tugs in order to keep the port and starboard floats taut with the desired opening angle, which increases the overall cost and makes the maneuver difficult.
[7] Il existe des solutions avec un panneau divergeant flottant pour maintenir le système de nasse ouvert et tendu avec un seul remorqueur, mais la vitesse d’avance ou l’angle d’ouverture du système restent limités par les voiles sous- marines lestées qui se soulèvent rapidement. Le problème est similaire à celui détaillé plus haut avec des bouées de confinement ancrées et composées de voiles lestées qui subissent un courant important. Une solution asymétrique avec un panneau divergeant engendre par ailleurs des efforts latéraux sur le navire remorqueur qui doit les compenser, ce qui implique une consommation supplémentaire de carburant. [7] There are solutions with a floating diverging panel to keep the trap system open and taut with a single tug, but the speed of advance or the opening angle of the system remains limited by the under sails. weighted marines that rise quickly. The problem is similar to the one detailed above with anchored containment buoys made up of weighted sails that experience a strong current. An asymmetrical solution with a diverging panel also generates lateral forces on the towing vessel which must compensate for them, which involves additional fuel consumption.
Solution apportée par l’invention Solution provided by the invention
[8] Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, la présente invention concerne un dispositif de collecte de déchets présentant les caractéristiques énoncées dans la revendication 1 , et optionnellement dans les revendications dépendantes. [8] In order to overcome these drawbacks, the present invention relates to a waste collection device having the characteristics set out in claim 1, and optionally in the dependent claims.
[9] Le dispositif selon l’invention permet de remédier à ces inconvénients. [9] The device according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks.
[10] Un objectif de l’invention est de rassembler les déchets flottant à la surface d’une large zone, en une étroite bande dense en déchets flottants afin d’optimiser leur récupération. L’invention permet que la récupération des déchets soit plus rapide car les navires spécialisés dans la récupération de déchets flottants ont besoin de moins de passages pour traiter une zone donnée. [10] One objective of the invention is to collect the floating waste on the surface of a large area, in a narrow band dense with floating waste in order to optimize their recovery. The invention allows the recovery of waste to be faster because ships specialized in the recovery of floating waste need fewer passages to treat a given area.
[11] Un objectif de l’invention est de pouvoir fonctionner avec un seul navire remorqueur, ce qui diminue le coût d’utilisation et simplifie la coordination entre les différents intervenants en mer. [11] One objective of the invention is to be able to operate with a single tug vessel, which reduces the cost of use and simplifies coordination between the various stakeholders at sea.
[12] Des objectifs de l’invention sont d’être légère, facilement transportable, bon marché, simple d’utilisation, et de pouvoir rapidement être déployée sur une zone, en cas de marée noire par exemple où la vitesse d’intervention est souvent un facteur clé. [12] Objectives of the invention are to be light, easily transportable, inexpensive, easy to use, and to be able to be quickly deployed in an area, in the event of an oil spill for example where the speed of intervention is often a key factor.
[13] Un objectif de l’invention est de pouvoir fonctionner en continu. [13] One objective of the invention is to be able to operate continuously.
[14] Un objectif de l’invention est de ne pas nécessiter une trop grande consommation en carburant du navire remorqueur. Ceci est rendu possible grâce à une forme hydrodynamique qui diminue la traînée du dispositif dans l’eau. La consommation en carburant est également limitée grâce à une forme particulière du dispositif qui n’engendre pas d’effort latéral sur le navire remorqueur, ce dernier ne devant donc pas fournir d’effort supplémentaire de compensation. [15] Un objectif de l’invention est que les éléments composant le dispositif ne nécessitent pas un surdimensionnement à cause d’efforts trop inégalement répartis. [14] An object of the invention is not to require excessive fuel consumption of the towing vessel. This is made possible thanks to a hydrodynamic shape which reduces the drag of the device in the water. Fuel consumption is also limited thanks to a particular shape of the device which does not generate any lateral force on the towing vessel, the latter therefore not having to supply any additional compensation force. [15] An object of the invention is that the elements making up the device do not require oversizing because of forces that are too unevenly distributed.
[16] Un objectif de l’invention est que la bande résultante dense en déchets flottants soit stable, c'est-à-dire qu’elle ne se disperse pas trop au cours du temps. Le dispositif doit donc générer peu de détachés tourbillonnaires au niveau de la bande résultante. [16] One objective of the invention is that the resulting web dense with floating waste is stable, that is to say that it does not disperse too much over time. The device must therefore generate few detached vortices at the level of the resulting band.
[17] Un objectif de l’invention est de pouvoir contrôler l’ouverture du dispositif directement du navire afin de le déplacer rapidement d’une zone à l’autre sans le replier à bord, et de l’adapter à la largeur d’une zone. [17] One objective of the invention is to be able to control the opening of the device directly from the ship in order to move it quickly from one area to another without folding it up on board, and to adapt it to the width of a zone.
[18] Un objectif de l’invention est de pouvoir fonctionner à une vitesse importante, sans que les voiles ne se soulèvent à cause des efforts hydrodynamiques. [18] One objective of the invention is to be able to operate at high speed, without the sails lifting due to hydrodynamic forces.
[19] Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation : [19] According to particular embodiments:
[20] Le dispositif comporte un système flottant de rassemblement en forme d’entonnoir, composé d’au moins deux flotteurs auxquels sont accrochés au moins deux voiles verticalement immergées et lestées sur leur partie inférieure. Ce système flottant de rassemblement est relié à au moins un navire remorqueur par des élingues. Lorsque le dispositif est tracté par un navire remorqueur, les déchets à la surface de l’eau sont rassemblés entre les voiles qui forment un entonnoir se resserrant. [20] The device comprises a floating assembly system in the form of a funnel, composed of at least two floats to which are attached at least two sails vertically submerged and weighted on their lower part. This floating assembly system is connected to at least one towing vessel by slings. When the device is towed by a towing ship, the waste on the surface of the water is collected between the sails which form a narrowing funnel.
[21] Le système flottant de rassemblement est tracté à l’aide d’au moins trois élingues, c'est-à-dire au moins deux élingues extérieures qui sont fixées sur les extrémités du système flottant de rassemblement les plus proches du navire, et au moins une élingue centrale qui se sépare en au moins deux élingues secondaires fixées sur les extrémités du système flottant de rassemblement les plus éloignées du navire. [21] The floating muster system is towed using at least three slings, i.e. at least two outer slings which are attached to the ends of the floating muster system closest to the vessel, and at least one central sling which separates into at least two secondary slings attached to the ends of the floating muster system farthest from the vessel.
[22] Dans le cas où l’élingue centrale a une longueur nulle, au moins une élingue additionnelle relie ensemble les deux extrémités du système flottant de rassemblement les plus éloignées du navire, et les deux élingues secondaires sont accrochées directement à un point d’accroche sur le navire. [22] In the case where the central sling has zero length, at least one additional sling connects together the two ends of the floating muster system furthest from the ship, and the two secondary slings are hooked directly to a point of hang on the ship.
[23] Le point d’accroche sur le navire, sur lequel sont accrochées l’élingue centrale ou les élingues secondaires, est un moyen de variation de la longueur de l’élingue centrale ou des élingues secondaires, et un moyen de contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement. [23] The attachment point on the ship, on which the central sling or the secondary slings are attached, is a means of varying the length of the sling central or secondary slings, and a means of controlling the opening angle of the floating assembly system.
[24] La stabilisation des détachés tourbillonnaires en sortie du système flottant de rassemblement est assurée par un système flottant de stabilisation relié au système flottant de rassemblement. Ce système flottant de stabilisation est composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de stabilisation parallèles et symétriques par rapport à l’axe d’avance du navire, auxquels sont accrochés au moins deux voiles immergées et lestées sur leur partie inférieure. A la liaison entre le système flottant de rassemblement et le système flottant de stabilisation, les voiles réalisent un coude. Elles forment ensuite un couloir de stabilisation de largeur égale sur sa longueur. L’ensemble diminue l’agitation de l’eau et la dispersion des déchets au niveau de la bande étroite ainsi formée. [24] The stabilization of the vortex detachments at the exit from the floating muster system is ensured by a floating stabilization system connected to the floating muster system. This floating stabilization system is made up of at least two stabilization floats parallel and symmetrical with respect to the forward axis of the ship, to which are attached at least two sails submerged and weighted on their lower part. At the connection between the floating assembly system and the floating stabilization system, the sails make a bend. They then form a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length. The whole reduces the agitation of the water and the dispersion of waste at the level of the narrow band thus formed.
[25] Afin de diminuer la traînée dans l’eau et les détachés tourbillonnaires générés par le système flottant de rassemblement, des moyens de renfort hydrodynamique sont installés. Ils modifient la forme dudit système flottant de rassemblement en la rendant convexe de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale. Les moyens de renfort hydrodynamique sont composés d’au moins deux élingues de renfort hydrodynamique, attachées d’un côté à au moins un élément de liaison hydrodynamique positionné sur l’élingue centrale, et de l’autre à au moins un élément de fixation d’élingue sur le système flottant de rassemblement, de manière symétrique de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale. Ces élingues sont positionnées de préférence à mi-distance entre deux élingues déjà présentes afin d’augmenter l’efficacité desdits moyens de renfort hydrodynamique. [25] In order to reduce the drag in the water and the vortex shedding generated by the floating assembly system, hydrodynamic reinforcement means are installed. They modify the shape of said floating assembly system by making it convex on either side of the central sling. The hydrodynamic reinforcement means are composed of at least two hydrodynamic reinforcement slings, attached on one side to at least one hydrodynamic connection element positioned on the central sling, and on the other to at least one attachment element. sling on the floating assembly system, symmetrically on either side of the central sling. These slings are preferably positioned halfway between two slings already present in order to increase the effectiveness of said hydrodynamic reinforcement means.
[26] Le dispositif est symétrique selon l’axe d’avance du navire et l’élingue centrale. Ce caractère symétrique permet d’annuler une partie des efforts hydrodynamiques latéraux entre eux via l’élingue centrale, ce qui permet de soulager la tension appliquée aux élingues extérieures et de ne pas les surdimensionner. Le caractère symétrique du dispositif induit que la somme des efforts des élingues sur le navire n’a pas de composante latérale à l’axe d’avance du navire lorsque le navire avance en ligne droite. [26] The device is symmetrical along the forward axis of the vessel and the central sling. This symmetrical character makes it possible to cancel part of the lateral hydrodynamic forces between them via the central sling, which makes it possible to relieve the tension applied to the external slings and not to oversize them. The symmetrical nature of the device induces that the sum of the efforts of the slings on the ship has no lateral component to the axis of advance of the ship when the ship is advancing in a straight line.
[27] Afin que le système garde son efficacité à haute vitesse en empêchant les voiles de se soulever, des moyens de maintien de voile sont installés sur le système flottant de rassemblement. Les moyens de maintien de voile sont composés d’au moins un élément de fixation d’élingue sur la partie basse immergée dans l’eau d’un flotteur de rassemblement, à l’aplomb d’un élément de fixation d’élingue déjà existant en partie haute, et d’au moins deux élingues de maintien de voile accrochées auxdits éléments de fixation en partie haute et basse, et accrochées à un élément de liaison de voile. Cet élément de liaison de voile est relié avec une élingue à l’élingue centrale. [27] In order for the system to maintain its efficiency at high speed by preventing the sails from lifting, means of maintaining the sail are installed on the floating muster system. The sail holding means are composed of at at least one sling attachment element on the lower part submerged in the water of a gathering float, directly above an already existing sling attachment element in the upper part, and at least two slings sail support hooked to said fixing elements in the upper and lower part, and hooked to a sail connecting element. This sail connecting element is connected with a sling to the central sling.
[28] La liaison entre le système flottant de rassemblement et le système flottant de stabilisation peut être une liaison mécanique de type glissière, bloquée par au moins une goupille à bascule à ressort, ladite goupille s’insérant à la fois dans l’extrémité du flotteur de rassemblement et dans l’extrémité du flotteur de stabilisation, ladite goupille possédant un anneau, ledit anneau permettant de fixer l’élingue secondaire directement dessus. Ce moyen de liaison et ce système d’accroche des élingues permettent une installation simple et rapide. [28] The connection between the floating assembly system and the floating stabilization system may be a slide-type mechanical connection, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin, said pin being inserted both into the end of the assembly float and in the end of the stabilization float, said pin having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling directly above. This means of connection and this sling attachment system allow a simple and quick installation.
[29] Le dispositif permet un transport aisé car composé d’élingues, de toiles, de flotteurs gonflés ou en mousse. Ledit dispositif peut être transporté plié, ou enroulé autour d’un ou deux enrouleurs de chaluts. Le dispositif est modulable en taille, en rajoutant des flotteurs afin de balayer une zone plus large. [29] The device allows easy transport because it is made up of slings, canvas, inflated or foam floats. Said device can be transported folded, or rolled up around one or two trawl reels. The device is adjustable in size, by adding floats in order to scan a wider area.
Description détaillée d’un exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l’inventionDetailed description of a non-limiting embodiment of the invention
Les dessins annexés illustrent l’invention : The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:
[Fig 1] La figure 1 représente une vue schématique de dessus d’un mode de réalisation du dispositif de l’invention, avec quatre flotteurs de rassemblement, deux flotteurs de stabilisation, un moyen de renfort hydrodynamique et un moyen de maintien de voile. [Fig 1] Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of the device of the invention, with four assembly floats, two stabilization floats, a hydrodynamic reinforcement means and a sail holding means.
[Fig 2] La figure 2 représente une vue schématique d’un mode de réalisation du flotteur de rassemblement le plus éloigné du navire, avec d’un côté son extrémité la plus éloignée du navire, et de l’autre les éléments de fixation d’élingue, ainsi qu’une partie d’un second flotteur de rassemblement. [Fig 2] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the assembly float furthest from the ship, with on one side its end furthest from the ship, and on the other the fixing elements of sling, as well as part of a second assembly float.
[Fig 3] La figure 3 représente une vue schématique d’un mode de réalisation de la liaison glissière entre un flotteur de rassemblement et un flotteur de stabilisation, avec deux goupilles de fixation à anneau et un moyen de maintien de voile. [Fig 4] La figure 4 représente une vue schématique d’une variante de réalisation tractée par deux navires. [Fig 3] Figure 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the slide connection between a gathering float and a stabilization float, with two ring fixing pins and a sail holding means. [Fig 4] Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment towed by two ships.
[Fig 5] La figure 5 représente une vue schématique d’une variante de dispositif de flotteurs de rassemblement multimodules. [Fig 5] Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a variant of a multimodule assembly float device.
[Fig 6] La figure 6 représente une vue schématique d’une variante de réalisation tractée par deux navires. [Fig 6] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment towed by two ships.
Description d’un premier exemple de réalisation Description of a first embodiment
[30] Comme représenté sur la [Fig 1], le dispositif comporte un système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) tracté par au moins un navire (100) et composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), auxquels sont accrochés au moins deux voiles (12; 22) lestées sur leur partie inférieure (13; 23) et immergées verticalement sous la surface libre de l’eau (SL) avec un tirant d’eau (D). Les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) sont positionnés symétriquement par rapport à un axe de symétrie médian (8) correspondant à l’axe d’avance du navire (100) lorsque celui-ci suit une route droite, en formant un entonnoir qui se resserre en s’éloignant du navire (100). La forme en entonnoir du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) peut rassembler en continu des macro déchets, des micro plastiques, des algues, du liquide polluant type huile ou pétrole, et tout autre type de déchet flottant, en une bande étroite plus dense en déchets, ce qui permet d’optimiser leur récupération. [30] As shown in [Fig 1], the device comprises a floating gathering system (1) towed by at least one ship (100) and composed of at least two gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21 ), to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) weighted on their lower part (13; 23) and immersed vertically under the free surface of the water (SL) with a draft (D). The assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21) are positioned symmetrically with respect to a median axis of symmetry (8) corresponding to the axis of advance of the ship (100) when the latter follows a straight course, in forming a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the vessel (100). The funnel shape of the floating collection system (1) can continuously collect macro waste, micro plastics, algae, polluting liquid such as oil or petroleum, and any other type of floating waste, in a denser narrow strip in waste, which makes it possible to optimize their recovery.
[31] Le principe général de l’invention consiste à assurer une traction sur les extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) les plus éloignées du navire (100) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ), par deux élingues (16, 26) réunies sur l’axe médian (8), le point de réunion (30) étant relié à la poupe du navire (100) par une élingue (35) dont la longueur est fixée pour maintenir un facteur de forme de la surface de collecte. [31] The general principle of the invention consists in providing traction on the inner rear ends (17; 27) furthest from the ship (100) of the floating assembly system (1), by two slings (16, 26) joined on the centerline (8), the meeting point (30) being connected to the stern of the vessel (100) by a sling (35) the length of which is fixed to maintain a form factor of the collection surface.
[32] Éventuellement cette traction peut aussi être exercée sur une zone médiane (32, 42) des flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), entre les extrémités avant extérieures (14, 24) et les extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) les plus éloignées du navire (100), par deux élingues (31 , 41 ) réunies en un point médian (46) sur l’élingue médiane (35). [33] Les deux extrémités (14; 24) les plus proches du navire (100) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) sont reliées à ledit navire (100) par au moins deux élingues extérieures (15; 25). Les deux extrémités (17; 27) les plus éloignées du navire (100) dudit système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) sont reliées à au moins deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) reliées à un élément de liaison central (30), lui- même relié par une élingue centrale (35) au navire (100) sur un point d’accroche (145). [32] Optionally this traction can also be exerted on a middle zone (32, 42) of the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21), between the outer front ends (14, 24) and the inner rear ends (17 27) furthest from the ship (100), by two slings (31, 41) joined at a midpoint (46) on the midsling (35). [33] The two ends (14; 24) closest to the ship (100) of the floating assembly system (1) are connected to said ship (100) by at least two outer slings (15; 25). The two ends (17; 27) farthest from the ship (100) of said floating assembly system (1) are connected to at least two secondary slings (16; 26) connected to a central connecting element (30), itself even connected by a central sling (35) to the ship (100) on an attachment point (145).
[34] Dans le cas où l’élingue centrale (35) a une longueur nulle, les élingues secondaires (16; 26) sont directement accrochées au point d’accroche (145), et au moins une élingue supplémentaire (36) relie les extrémités (17; 27) ensemble. Un moyen de variation placé au point d’accroche (145) permet de diminuer la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) ou la longueur des élingues secondaires (16; 26) suivant le cas, ce qui permet au système flottant de rassemblement (1) d’adopter un angle d’ouverture plus important. A l’inverse, lorsque le moyen de variation de la longueur des élingues augmente la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) ou celle des élingues secondaires (16; 26), le système flottant de rassemblement (1) adopte un angle d’ouverture plus faible. Cette flexibilité du système flottant de rassemblement permet de s’adapter facilement à la zone à traiter, mais également de diminuer la traînée du système flottant de rassemblement (1) dans le cas d’un rapide changement de zone, sans nécessiter de replier le dispositif sur le navire (100). [34] In the case where the central sling (35) has zero length, the secondary slings (16; 26) are directly attached to the attachment point (145), and at least one additional sling (36) connects the ends (17; 27) together. A means of variation placed at the attachment point (145) makes it possible to reduce the length of the central sling (35) or the length of the secondary slings (16; 26) as the case may be, which allows the floating assembly system ( 1) to adopt a larger opening angle. Conversely, when the means for varying the length of the slings increases the length of the central sling (35) or that of the secondary slings (16; 26), the floating assembly system (1) adopts an angle of lower aperture. This flexibility of the floating assembly system makes it possible to adapt easily to the area to be treated, but also to reduce the drag of the floating assembly system (1) in the event of a rapid change of area, without requiring the device to be folded on the ship (100).
[35] Le dispositif en forme d’entonnoir pour le rassemblement en continu de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux permet d’optimiser leur récupération. Il comporte un système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) tracté par au moins un navire (100), composé d’une paire de flotteurs de rassemblement (10 ; 20) ou d’une paire d’une succession de flotteurs (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) symétriques par rapport à un axe de symétrie médian (8) correspondant à l’axe d’avance du navire (100) en situation de collecte. Le dispositif comporte aussi des voiles (12; 22) immergées verticalement et lestées sur leur partie inférieure (13; 23), accrochées aux flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ). L’ensemble forme un entonnoir qui se resserre en s’éloignant du navire (100). Ce système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) présente deux extrémités (14; 24) les plus proches du navire (100), qualifiées « d’extrémités avant extérieures », et deux extrémités (17; 27) les plus éloignées du navire (100) qualifiées « d’extrémités arrière intérieures ». Ce système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) est destiné à être tracté à l’aide d’au moins deux élingues extérieures (15; 25) attachées directement au navire (100) et aux extrémités avant extérieures (14; 24), et à l’aide d’au moins deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) attachées aux extrémités avant intérieures (17; 27). Ces élingues secondaires (16; 26) se rejoignent en un élément de liaison central (30), relié lui-même par une élingue (35) au navire (100) sur un point d’accroche (145). Ce point d’accroche (145) est un moyen de variation de la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) et de contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1), par exemple un treuil. [35] The funnel-shaped device for the continuous gathering of floating waste in an aqueous medium makes it possible to optimize their recovery. It comprises a floating assembly system (1) towed by at least one ship (100), consisting of a pair of assembly floats (10; 20) or a pair of a succession of floats (10, 11; 20, 21) symmetrical with respect to a median axis of symmetry (8) corresponding to the forward axis of the ship (100) in the collection situation. The device also comprises sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on their lower part (13; 23), attached to the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21). The assembly forms a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the ship (100). This floating assembly system (1) has two ends (14; 24) closest to the ship (100), referred to as "outer front ends", and two ends (17; 27) furthest from the ship (100) referred to as "inner rear ends". This floating assembly system (1) is intended to be towed using at least two outer slings (15; 25) attached directly to the vessel (100) and to the outer front ends (14; 24), and using at least two secondary slings (16; 26) attached to the inner front ends (17; 27). These secondary slings (16; 26) meet in a central connecting element (30), itself connected by a sling (35) to the ship (100) on an attachment point (145). This attachment point (145) is a means of varying the length of the central sling (35) and of controlling the opening angle of the floating assembly system (1), for example a winch.
[36] Le réglage de la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) permet d’ajuster la largeur de la bande de déchets résultante afin de l’adapter à la largeur de balayage d’un navire de dépollution [36] Adjusting the length of the central sling (35) allows the width of the resulting strip of waste to be adjusted in order to adapt it to the sweeping width of a pollution control vessel
[37] Lorsque la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) est nulle, les deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) se réunissent sur un point d’accroche (145). Ce point d’accroche (145) étant un moyen de variation de la longueur des élingues secondaires (16; 26), il permet le contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1), la cohésion du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) étant assurée par au moins une élingue supplémentaire (36) reliant ensemble les deux extrémités (17; 27). [37] When the length of the central sling (35) is zero, the two secondary slings (16; 26) come together at an attachment point (145). This attachment point (145) being a means of varying the length of the secondary slings (16; 26), it allows control of the angle of opening of the floating assembly system (1), the cohesion of the floating system assembly (1) being ensured by at least one additional sling (36) connecting the two ends (17; 27) together.
[38] Afin de stabiliser les détachés tourbillonnaires générés notamment aux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27), un second système flottant est relié au premier. Ce système flottant de stabilisation (2) est composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28) parallèles et symétriques par rapport à l’axe d’avance du navire (100) auxquels sont accrochés au moins deux voiles (12; 22) immergées verticalement avec un tirant d’eau (D). Ils forment un couloir de stabilisation de largeur égale sur sa longueur en s’éloignant du navire (100). Ce système flottant de stabilisation (2) a ses deux extrémités (7, 9) les plus proches du navire (100) reliées aux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) par un moyen de liaison (19; 29). La longueur de ce couloir de stabilisation est déterminée en fonction de la taille du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) et de la vitesse d’avance du dispositif. [38] In order to stabilize the detached vortices generated in particular at the inner rear ends (17; 27), a second floating system is connected to the first. This floating stabilization system (2) is composed of at least two stabilization floats (18; 28) parallel and symmetrical with respect to the axis of advance of the ship (100) to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) submerged vertically with a draft (D). They form a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length away from the ship (100). This floating stabilization system (2) has its two ends (7, 9) closest to the ship (100) connected to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating assembly system (1) by a connecting means (19 ; 29). The length of this stabilization corridor is determined according to the size of the floating assembly system (1) and the forward speed of the device.
[39] Ainsi, le système flottant de stabilisation (2) atténue les perturbations à la surface générées par le système flottant de rassemblement (1), ledit système flottant de stabilisation (2) étant composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28) parallèles et symétriques par rapport à l’axe de symétrie médian (8) et d’au moins deux voiles (12; 22) immergées verticalement et lestées sur leur partie inférieure (13; 23), lesdites voiles étant accrochées aux flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28), l’ensemble formant un couloir de stabilisation de largeur égale sur sa longueur en s’éloignant du navire (100), ledit système flottant de stabilisation (2) ayant deux extrémités (7, 9) les plus proches du navire (100), lesdites extrémités (7, 9) étant reliées aux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) par un moyen de liaison (19; 29). [39] Thus, the floating stabilization system (2) attenuates the disturbances on the surface generated by the floating assembly system (1), said floating stabilization system (2) being composed of at least two stabilization floats (18 ; 28) parallel and symmetrical with respect to the median axis of symmetry (8) and at least two sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on their lower part (13; 23), said sails being attached to the stabilization floats ( 18; 28), the assembly forming a stabilization corridor of equal width along its length away from the vessel (100), said floating stabilization system (2) having two ends (7, 9) closest to the vessel (100), said ends (7, 9) being connected to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating collection system (1) by a connecting means (19; 29).
[40] Afin de diminuer la traînée dans l’eau du système flottant de rassemblement, des moyens de renfort hydrodynamique modifient la forme du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) en maintenant les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) vers l’intérieur de la zone de rassemblement. Ces moyens de renforts sont composés d’au moins deux élingues de renfort hydrodynamique (31 ; 41 ) attachées à au moins un élément de liaison hydrodynamique (46). Cet élément de liaison hydrodynamique (46) est positionné sur l’élingue centrale (35) entre le navire (100) et l’élément de liaison central (30). Les élingues de renfort hydrodynamique (31 ; 41) sont attachées de manière symétrique de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale (35) à au moins deux éléments de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) entre les deux extrémités avant extérieures (14; 24) et arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). Le système flottant de rassemblement (1) adopte ainsi une forme convexe de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale (35) malgré les efforts de traînée dans l’axe d’avance du navire (100). [40] In order to reduce the drag in the water of the floating assembly system, hydrodynamic reinforcement means modify the shape of the floating assembly system (1) by maintaining the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21) towards inside the staging area. These reinforcement means are composed of at least two hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) attached to at least one hydrodynamic connection element (46). This hydrodynamic connecting element (46) is positioned on the central sling (35) between the vessel (100) and the central connecting element (30). The hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) are attached symmetrically on either side of the central sling (35) to at least two sling fixing elements (32; 42) between the two outer front ends (14; 24) and interior rear (17; 27) of the floating gathering system (1). The floating assembly system (1) thus adopts a convex shape on either side of the central sling (35) despite the drag forces in the axis of advance of the ship (100).
[41] Dans le cas d’une vitesse de traction importante, les efforts hydrodynamiques soulèvent les voiles (12; 22) du système flottant de rassemblement malgré leur partie lestée (13; 23). Afin de maintenir les voiles (12; 22) en position verticale dans l’eau, des moyens de maintien de voile sont installés. Comme représenté sur la [Fig 1], sur la [Fig 2] et sur la [Fig 3], ces moyens de maintien sont caractérisés par au moins un élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) sur la partie basse immergée dans l’eau d’au moins un flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), à l’aplomb d’un élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) déjà existant en partie haute. Les élingues (15; 25) et/ou (31 ; 41 ) et/ou (16; 26) se séparent en au moins deux élingues de maintien de voile (38; 48) et (39; 49) grâce à un élément de liaison de voile (37; 47). La première élingue de maintien de voile (38; 48) vient s’accrocher sur l’élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) en partie haute du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ). La deuxième élingue de maintien de voile (39; 49) vient s’accrocher sur ledit élément de fixation (32; 42) en partie basse immergée du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ). [41] In the case of a high traction speed, the hydrodynamic forces raise the sails (12; 22) of the floating assembly system despite their weighted part (13; 23). In order to maintain the sails (12; 22) in an upright position in the water, sail-holding means are installed. As shown in [Fig 1], in [Fig 2] and in [Fig 3], these holding means are characterized by at least one sling attachment element (32; 42) on the lower part immersed in water from at least one gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21), plumb with a sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part. The slings (15; 25) and/or (31; 41) and/or (16; 26) separate into at least two sail-holding slings (38; 48) and (39; 49) thanks to a sail connection (37; 47). The first sail-holding sling (38; 48) hooks onto the sling attachment (32; 42) in the upper part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21). The second sail-holding sling (39; 49) hooks onto said fixing element (32; 42) in the submerged lower part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21).
[42] Ainsi, des moyens de maintien de voile empêchent les voiles (12; 22) de se soulever à cause des efforts hydrodynamiques, lesdits moyens de maintien de voile étant composés d’au moins un élément de liaison de voile (37; 47), relié d’une part à l’élingue (15; 25) ou (31 ; 41 ) ou (16; 26), et relié d’autre part à au moins deux élingues de maintien de voile (38; 48) et (39; 49), la première élingue de maintien de voile (38; 48) venant s’accrocher sur l’élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) déjà existant en partie haute du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), la deuxième élingue de maintien de voile (39; 49) venant s’accrocher sur un élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) en partie basse immergée du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) à l’aplomb de l’élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) déjà existant en partie haute. [42] Thus, sail-holding means prevent the sails (12; 22) from lifting due to hydrodynamic forces, said sail-holding means being composed of at least one sail-connecting element (37; 47 ), connected on the one hand to the sling (15; 25) or (31; 41) or (16; 26), and connected on the other hand to at least two sail-holding slings (38; 48) and (39; 49), the first sail-holding sling (38; 48) hooking onto the sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part of the gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21), the second sail-holding sling (39; 49) hooking onto a sling attachment element (32; 42) in the submerged lower part of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21 ) plumb with the sling attachment element (32; 42) already existing in the upper part.
[43] Afin que l’installation du dispositif soit simple et rapide, le moyen de liaison (19; 29) entre le système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) et le système flottant de stabilisation (2) peut être une liaison mécanique de type glissière, bloquée par au moins une goupille à bascule à ressort (5). La goupille (5) s’insère à la fois dans l’extrémité (17; 27) du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) et dans l’extrémité (7, 9) du flotteur de stabilisation (18; 28). La goupille (5), dimensionnée pour résister aux efforts de traction des élingues, possède un anneau qui permet de fixer l’élingue secondaire (16; 26) ou l’élingue de maintien de voile (38; 48) ou (39; 49) directement dessus. Elle remplit ainsi la double fonction de bloquer les extrémités (17; 27) et (7, 9) ensemble, et d’être un élément de fixation d’une élingue de traction. La [Fig 2] et la [Fig 3] présentent une vue schématique d’un mode de réalisation consistant en l’agencement de deux goupilles (5) sur la liaison (19; 29) entre le système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) et le système flottant de stabilisation (2). [43] In order for the installation of the device to be simple and quick, the connecting means (19; 29) between the floating assembly system (1) and the floating stabilization system (2) can be a slide-type mechanical connection , locked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5). The pin (5) is inserted both in the end (17; 27) of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21) and in the end (7, 9) of the stabilization float (18; 28). The pin (5), dimensioned to resist the pulling forces of the slings, has a ring which makes it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or the sail holding sling (38; 48) or (39; 49 ) directly on it. It thus fulfills the double function of blocking the ends (17; 27) and (7, 9) together, and of being a fastening element for a traction sling. [Fig 2] and [Fig 3] show a schematic view of an embodiment consisting of the arrangement of two pins (5) on the connection (19; 29) between the floating assembly system (1) and the floating stabilization system (2).
[44] Ainsi, le dispositif peut être caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison (19; 29) soit une liaison mécanique de type glissière, bloquée par au moins une goupille à bascule à ressort (5), ladite goupille (5) s’insérant à la fois dans l’extrémité (17; 27) du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) et dans l’extrémité (7, 9) du flotteur de stabilisation (18; 28), ladite goupille (5) possédant un anneau, ledit anneau permettant de fixer l’élingue secondaire (16; 26) ou l’élingue supplémentaire (36) ou l’élingue de maintien de voile (38; 48) ou (39; 49) directement dessus. [44] Thus, the device can be characterized in that the connecting means (19; 29) is a slide-type mechanical connection, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5), said pin (5) s 'inserting both in the end (17; 27) of the assembly float (10, 11; 20, 21) and in the end (7, 9) of the stabilization float (18; 28), said pin ( 5) having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or the additional sling (36) or the sail holding sling (38; 48) or (39; 49) directly above.
[45] Le dispositif selon l’invention est particulièrement destiné au rassemblement de déchets flottants en mer tels que plastiques, macro déchets, algues, nappes d’huile, pétrole et tout autre solide ou fluide flottant, afin d’optimiser leur récupération. La présente invention n’est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés mais l’homme du métier saura y apporter toute variante conforme à son esprit. [45] The device according to the invention is particularly intended for the collection of floating waste at sea such as plastics, macro waste, algae, oil slicks, petroleum and any other floating solid or fluid, in order to optimize their recovery. The present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and represented, but those skilled in the art will know how to make any variant in accordance with their spirit.
Variante de réalisation pour la traction par deux navires Design variant for traction by two vessels
[46] La figure 4 représente une variante de réalisation où le dispositif de rassemblement est tracté par deux navires (100, 200). [46] Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment where the gathering device is towed by two ships (100, 200).
[47] Le système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) est tracté par deux navires (100, 200) avançant de conserve. Il est composé comme dans la variante précédente d’au moins deux flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21), auxquels sont accrochés au moins deux voiles (12; 22) lestées sur leur partie inférieure (13; 23) et immergées verticalement. Les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) sont positionnés symétriquement par rapport à l’axe de symétrie médian (8) en formant un entonnoir qui se resserre en s’éloignant des navires (100, 200). [47] The floating assembly system (1) is towed by two ships (100, 200) advancing together. It is composed as in the previous variant of at least two gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21), to which are attached at least two sails (12; 22) weighted on their lower part (13; 23) and submerged vertically. The gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21) are positioned symmetrically with respect to the median axis of symmetry (8) forming a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the ships (100, 200).
[48] L’extrémité (14) la plus proche du premier navire (100) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) est reliée audit premier navire (100) par au moins une élingue extérieure (115). [48] The end (14) closest to the first vessel (100) of the floating gathering system (1) is connected to said first vessel (100) by at least one outer sling (115).
[49] L’extrémité (24) la plus proche du deuxième navire (200) du système flottant de rassemblement (1) est reliée audit deuxième navire (200) par au moins une élingue extérieure (225). [49] The end (24) closest to the second vessel (200) of the floating assembly system (1) is connected to said second vessel (200) by at least one outer sling (225).
[50] Les deux extrémités (17; 27) les plus éloignées des navires (100 ; 200) dudit système flottant de rassemblement (1) sont reliées à au moins deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) reliées à un élément de liaison central (30), lui-même relié par une élingue centrale (35) à un élément de liaison central secondaire (47). [50] The two ends (17; 27) furthest from the ships (100; 200) of said floating gathering system (1) are connected to at least two secondary slings (16; 26) connected to a central connecting element ( 30), itself connected by a central sling (35) to a secondary central connecting element (47).
[51] Cet élément de liaison central secondaire (47) est relié à chacun des navires (100, 200) par au moins deux élingues centrales secondaires (135, 235) en un point d’accroche (145 ; 245). [52] Les points d’accroche (145 ; 245) de chaque navire (100, 200) sont un moyen de variation de la longueur des élingues centrales secondaires (135 ; 235) par rapport à la longueur desdites élingues extérieures (115; 225) et de contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1) [51] This secondary central connecting element (47) is connected to each of the vessels (100, 200) by at least two secondary central slings (135, 235) at an attachment point (145; 245). [52] The attachment points (145; 245) of each vessel (100, 200) are a means of varying the length of the secondary central slings (135; 235) relative to the length of said outer slings (115; 225 ) and control of the opening angle of the floating assembly system (1)
[53] Les autres caractéristiques du système sont celles déjà exposées dans la variante précédente. [53] The other characteristics of the system are those already set out in the previous variant.
Variante de réalisation des flotteurs Variant of realization of the floats
[54] La figure 5 illustre une variante de réalisation des flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) et des flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28). Cette variante peut être combinée avec l’une ou l’autre des variantes précédentes. [54] Figure 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21) and stabilization floats (18; 28). This variant can be combined with any of the previous variants.
[55] Les flotteurs de stabilisation (181 , 182) supportent chacun une voile (121 , 122) immergée verticalement avec une raideur en flexion faible, lestée sur la partie inférieure (13) [55] The stabilization floats (181, 182) each support a sail (121, 122) submerged vertically with low bending stiffness, weighted on the lower part (13)
[56] Les flotteurs de rassemblement (101 , 111 , 112) sont accrochés chacun à une voile (123, 124, 125) immergée verticalement, lestée sur la partie inférieure (13). Les voiles (123, 124, 125) sont gonflées afin d’augmenter leur raideur en flexion, et assurent la flottabilité du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). [56] The assembly floats (101, 111, 112) are each attached to a sail (123, 124, 125) immersed vertically, weighted on the lower part (13). The sails (123, 124, 125) are inflated in order to increase their bending stiffness, and ensure the buoyancy of the floating collection system (1).
[57] Les flotteurs de rassemblement (101 , 111 , 112) permettent d’empêcher le système flottant de rassemblement (1) de descendre sous la surface libre (SL) en présence de vagues. [57] The gathering floats (101, 111, 112) prevent the floating gathering system (1) from descending below the free surface (SL) in the presence of waves.
[58] Les éléments de fixation d’élingue (321 , 322) sont doublés afin de bien répartir les efforts de flexion sur chaque voile (123, 124, 125) [58] The sling attachment elements (321, 322) are doubled in order to evenly distribute the bending forces on each sail (123, 124, 125)
[59] Les extrémités avant extérieures (14; 24) sont complétées à l’avant par un élément plan (114) présentant une hauteur similaire à celle des voiles (123 à 125) du système flottant de rassemblement (1). La liaison entre cet élément plan (114) et l’extrémité avant extérieure (14) (qui peut être modulaire ou non) impose un angle d’ouverture prédéterminé entre le plan formé par la voile du flotteur de rassemblement (125) le plus proche du navire (100) et le plan formé par cet élément plan (114), afin de faciliter l’amorçage de l’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). Variante de réalisation pour la traction par deux navires [59] The outer front ends (14; 24) are completed at the front by a flat element (114) having a height similar to that of the sails (123 to 125) of the floating gathering system (1). The connection between this planar element (114) and the outer front end (14) (which may or may not be modular) imposes a predetermined opening angle between the plane formed by the sail of the nearest assembly float (125) of the ship (100) and the plane formed by this flat element (114), in order to facilitate the initiation of the opening of the floating gathering system (1). Design variant for traction by two vessels
[60] La figure 6 représente une variante de réalisation où le dispositif de rassemblement, tracté par deux navires (100, 200), présente deux éléments plan (114, 214) en ses extrémités avant extérieures (14, 24), et deux éléments de liaison hydrodynamique (461 , 462) positionnés sur les élingues centrales secondaires (135, 235). [60] Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment where the assembly device, towed by two ships (100, 200), has two flat elements (114, 214) at its outer front ends (14, 24), and two elements hydrodynamic connection (461, 462) positioned on the secondary central slings (135, 235).
[61] Les autres caractéristiques sont celles déjà exposées dans la première variante. [61] The other characteristics are those already set out in the first variant.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux, comportant un système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) apte à être tracté par au moins un navire (100, 200), ledit système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) étant composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) symétriques par rapport à un axe de symétrie médian (8) caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte : 1 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium, comprising a floating collection system (1) capable of being towed by at least one ship (100, 200), said floating collection system (1) being composed of at least two assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21) symmetrical with respect to a median axis of symmetry (8) characterized in that it comprises:
• au moins deux élingues extérieures (15; 25 ; 115, 225) aptes à être attachées o à la poupe dudit navire (100) ou aux poupes desdits navires (100, 200) d’une part et o aux extrémités avant extérieures (14; 24) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) d’autre part • at least two outer slings (15; 25; 115, 225) capable of being attached o to the stern of said ship (100) or to the sterns of said ships (100, 200) on the one hand and o to the outer front ends (14 24) of the floating collection system (1) on the other hand
• au moins deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) o attachées aux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ), d’une part o et d’autre part à un élément de liaison central (30) réunissant l’extrémité avant desdites élingues secondaires (16; 26) o ledit élément de liaison central (30) étant relié lui-même par une élingue centrale (35 ; 135, 235) à la poupe du ou des navire(s) (100, 200). • at least two secondary slings (16; 26) o attached to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating gathering system (1), on the one hand o and on the other hand to a central connecting element (30) joining the front end of said secondary slings (16; 26) o said central connecting element (30) being itself connected by a central sling (35; 135, 235) to the stern of the vessel(s) (100 , 200).
2 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite élingue centrale (35) est reliée audit navire (100) par l’intermédiaire d’un treuil (145) commandant l’ajustement de la longueur de ladite élingue centrale (35) par rapport aux longueurs desdites élingues extérieures (15; 25). 2 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 1, characterized in that said central sling (35) is connected to said ship (100) by means of a winch (145) controlling the adjustment of the length of said center sling (35) relative to the lengths of said outer slings (15; 25).
3 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lorsque la longueur de l’élingue centrale (35) est nulle, les deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) se réunissent sur un point d’accroche (145), ledit point d’accroche (145) étant un moyen de variation de la longueur des élingues secondaires (16; 26) et de contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ), la cohésion du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) étant assurée par au moins une élingue supplémentaire (36) reliant ensemble les deux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). 3 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that when the length of the central sling (35) is zero, the two secondary slings (16; 26) meet on an attachment point (145), said attachment point (145) being a means of varying the length of the secondary slings (16; 26) and controlling the opening angle of the floating assembly system ( 1 ), the cohesion of the floating assembly system (1) being ensured by at least one additional sling (36) connecting together the two inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating assembly system (1).
4 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte en outre au moins deux voiles (12 ; 22) immergées verticalement et lestées sur leur partie inférieure (13; 23), lesdites voiles (12; 22) étant accrochées aux flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), l’ensemble formant un entonnoir qui se resserre en s’éloignant du navire (100; 200). 4 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises at least two sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on their lower part (13; 23) , said sails (12; 22) being attached to the assembly floats (10, 11; 20, 21), the assembly forming a funnel which narrows as it moves away from the ship (100; 200).
5 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte en outre un système flottant de stabilisation (2) composé d’au moins deux flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28) parallèles et symétriques par rapport à l’axe de symétrie médian (8), les extrémités avant (7; 9) desdits flotteurs de stabilisation (18; 28) étant reliées aux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) par un moyen de liaison (19; 29). 5 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a floating stabilization system (2) composed of at least two stabilization floats (18; 28) parallel and symmetrical with respect to the median axis of symmetry (8), the front ends (7; 9) of said stabilization floats (18; 28) being connected to the inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating collection system ( 1) by a connecting means (19; 29).
6 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de renfort hydrodynamique modifient la forme du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) en maintenant les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) vers l’intérieur de la zone de rassemblement, et permettent au système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) d’adopter une forme convexe de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale (35), lesdits moyens de renfort hydrodynamique étant composés d’au moins deux élingues de renfort hydrodynamique (31 ; 41 ) attachées à au moins un élément de liaison hydrodynamique (46), ledit élément de liaison hydrodynamique (46) étant positionné sur l’élingue centrale (35; 135, 235) entre le navire (100, 200) et l’élément de liaison central (30), lesdites élingues de renfort hydrodynamique (31 ; 41 ) étant attachées de manière symétrique de part et d’autre de l’élingue centrale (35) à au moins deux éléments de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) positionnés entre les deux extrémités avant extérieures (14; 24) et les deux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). 6 - Device for the collection of floating waste in an aqueous medium according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that hydrodynamic reinforcement means modify the shape of the floating collection system (1) by maintaining the collection floats (10 , 11; 20, 21) towards the inside of the assembly area, and allow the floating assembly system (1) to adopt a convex shape on either side of the central sling (35), said means hydrodynamic reinforcement being composed of at least two hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) attached to at least one hydrodynamic connection element (46), said hydrodynamic connection element (46) being positioned on the central sling (35); 135, 235) between the vessel (100, 200) and the central connecting element (30), said hydrodynamic reinforcement slings (31; 41) being attached symmetrically on either side of the central sling ( 35) to at least two fixing elements lingual (32; 42) positioned between the two outer front ends (14; 24) and the two inner rear ends (17; 27) of the floating gathering system (1).
7 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 4 ou l’une des revendications 5 ou 6 prises en combinaison avec la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de maintien de voile empêchent les voiles (12; 22) de se soulever à cause des efforts hydrodynamiques, lesdits moyens de maintien de voile étant composés d’au moins un élément de liaison de voile (37; 47), relié d’une part à l’élingue extérieure (15, 25 ; 115, 225) ou à l’élingue de renfort hydrodynamique (31 ; 41 ) ou à l’élingue secondaire (16; 26), et relié d’autre part à au moins deux élingues de maintien de voile (38, 48; 39, 49), la première élingue de maintien de voile (38; 48) venant s’accrocher sur au moins un élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) en partie haute du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ), la deuxième élingue de maintien de voile (39; 49) venant s’accrocher sur au moins un élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) en partie basse immergée du flotteur de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) à l’aplomb de l’élément de fixation d’élingue (32; 42) en partie haute. 7 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 4 or one of claims 5 or 6 taken in combination with the claim 4, characterized in that sail-holding means prevent the sails (12; 22) from lifting due to hydrodynamic forces, said sail-holding means being composed of at least one sail-connecting element (37 ; 47), connected on the one hand to the outer sling (15, 25; 115, 225) or to the hydrodynamic reinforcement sling (31; 41) or to the secondary sling (16; 26), and connected on the other hand to at least two sail-holding slings (38, 48; 39, 49), the first sail-holding sling (38; 48) hooking onto at least one sling attachment element ( 32; 42) in the upper part of the gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21), the second sail-holding sling (39; 49) hooking onto at least one sling attachment element (32; 42) in the submerged lower part of the gathering float (10, 11; 20, 21) plumb with the sling attachment element (32; 42) in the upper part.
8 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 5 ou l’une des revendications 6 ou 7 prises en combinaison avec la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison (19; 29) soit une liaison mécanique de type glissière, bloquée par au moins une goupille à bascule à ressort (5), ladite goupille (5) s’insérant à la fois dans l’extrémité arrière intérieure (17; 27) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) et dans l’extrémité (7, 9) du système flottant de stabilisation (2) la plus proche du navire (100), ladite goupille (5) possédant un anneau, ledit anneau permettant de fixer l’élingue secondaire (16; 26) ou l’élingue supplémentaire (36) ou l’élingue de maintien de voile (38, 48; 39, 49) directement dessus. 8 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 5 or one of claims 6 or 7 taken in combination with claim 5, characterized in that the connecting means (19; 29) is a mechanical connection of the slide type, blocked by at least one spring-loaded toggle pin (5), said pin (5) being inserted both into the inner rear end (17; 27) of the floating gathering system (1) and into the end (7, 9) of the floating stabilization system (2) closest to the vessel (100), said pin (5) having a ring, said ring making it possible to fix the secondary sling (16; 26) or the additional sling (36) or the sail holding sling (38, 48; 39, 49) directly above.
9 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 1 ou l’une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit système flottant de rassemblement (1) est apte à être tracté par deux navires (100, 200) avançant de conserve, I’ extrémité avant extérieure (14) la plus proche du premier navire (100) du système flottant de rassemblement (1) étant reliée audit premier navire (100) par au moins une élingue extérieure (115) et l’extrémité avant extérieure (24) la plus proche du deuxième navire (200) du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) étant reliée audit deuxième navire (200) par au moins une élingue extérieure (225), les deux extrémités arrière intérieures (17; 27) les plus éloignées des navires (100; 200) dudit système flottant de rassemblement (1 ) étant reliées à au moins deux élingues secondaires (16; 26) reliées à un élément de 9 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 1 or one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that said floating collection system (1) is adapted to be towed by two ships (100, 200 ) advancing together, the outer front end (14) closest to the first vessel (100) of the floating assembly system (1) being connected to said first vessel (100) by at least one outer sling (115) and the outer front end (24) closest to the second vessel (200) of the floating assembly system (1) being connected to said second vessel (200) by at least one outer sling (225), the two inner rear ends (17; 27 ) the furthest from the ships (100; 200) of said floating assembly system (1) being connected to at least two secondary slings (16; 26) connected to a
17 liaison central (30), lui-même relié par une élingue centrale (35) à un élément de liaison secondaire (47), lui-même relié à un point d’accroche (145, 245) sur chacun des navires (100, 200) par au moins deux élingues centrales secondaires (135, 235), lesdits points d’accroche (145, 245) étant un moyen de variation de la longueur des élingues centrales secondaires (135, 235) par rapport à la longueur desdites élingues extérieures (115; 225) et de contrôle de l’angle d’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1) 17 central connection (30), itself connected by a central sling (35) to a secondary connection element (47), itself connected to an attachment point (145, 245) on each of the vessels (100, 200 ) by at least two secondary central slings (135, 235), said attachment points (145, 245) being a means of varying the length of the secondary central slings (135, 235) with respect to the length of said outer slings ( 115; 225) and control of the opening angle of the floating assembly system (1)
10 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon la revendication 4 ou l’une des revendications 5 à 9 prise en combinaison avec la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les voiles (12; 22) immergées verticalement et lestées sur la partie inférieure (13; 23), sont gonflées afin d’augmenter leur raideur en flexion, et assurent la flottabilité du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ), les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) accrochés à ces voiles (12; 22) empêchant le système de rassemblement (1) d’être immergé sous l’effet des vagues. 10 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claim 4 or one of claims 5 to 9 taken in combination with claim 4, characterized in that the sails (12; 22) immersed vertically and weighted on the lower part (13; 23), are inflated in order to increase their stiffness in bending, and ensure the buoyancy of the floating gathering system (1), the gathering floats (10, 11; 20, 21) attached to these sails ( 12; 22) preventing the collection system (1) from being submerged under the effect of the waves.
11 - Dispositif pour le rassemblement de déchets flottants en milieu aqueux selon les revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les flotteurs de rassemblement (10, 11 ; 20, 21 ) sont complétés à l’extrémité avant extérieure (14, 24) par au moins un élément plan (114; 214), la liaison entre cet élément plan (114; 214) et l’extrémité avant extérieure (14; 24) imposant un angle d’ouverture prédéterminé entre le plan formé par la voile du flotteur de rassemblement (11 ; 21 ) le plus proche du navire (100; 200) et le plan formé par cet élément plan (114; 214), l’ensemble permettant de faciliter l’amorçage de l’ouverture du système flottant de rassemblement (1 ). 11 - Device for collecting floating waste in an aqueous medium according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the collection floats (10, 11; 20, 21) are completed at the outer front end (14, 24) by at least one flat element (114; 214), the connection between this flat element (114; 214) and the outer front end (14; 24) imposing a predetermined opening angle between the plane formed by the sail of the float muster (11; 21) closest to the ship (100; 200) and the plane formed by this plane element (114; 214), the assembly making it possible to facilitate the initiation of the opening of the floating muster system (1 ).
18 18
PCT/FR2021/052326 2020-12-14 2021-12-14 Device for continuously gathering floating waste on the surface of an aqueous medium to optimise the recovery thereof WO2022129776A1 (en)

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CN115419035A (en) * 2022-09-05 2022-12-02 中国葛洲坝集团三峡建设工程有限公司 Grab bucket for cleaning floating objects and floating cleaning method

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FR2849427A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-07-02 Cousin Trestec Collection system for hydrocarbon spills on water includes collector unit formed by net and flanks, which is detachable from its tow ropes
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FR2849427A1 (en) 2002-12-27 2004-07-02 Cousin Trestec Collection system for hydrocarbon spills on water includes collector unit formed by net and flanks, which is detachable from its tow ropes
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