WO2022127760A1 - 盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的用途 - Google Patents

盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的用途 Download PDF

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WO2022127760A1
WO2022127760A1 PCT/CN2021/137728 CN2021137728W WO2022127760A1 WO 2022127760 A1 WO2022127760 A1 WO 2022127760A1 CN 2021137728 W CN2021137728 W CN 2021137728W WO 2022127760 A1 WO2022127760 A1 WO 2022127760A1
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Prior art keywords
mitoxantrone hydrochloride
liposome
pharmaceutical composition
squamous cell
mitoxantrone
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PCT/CN2021/137728
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李春雷
刘延平
王彩霞
杜艳玲
王小彦
申雪英
王世霞
孙珊珊
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石药集团中奇制药技术(石家庄)有限公司
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Priority to AU2021399438A priority Critical patent/AU2021399438A1/en
Priority to KR1020237019705A priority patent/KR20230107637A/ko
Priority to JP2023536169A priority patent/JP2024501491A/ja
Priority to EP21905689.2A priority patent/EP4265243A1/en
Priority to CN202180082886.7A priority patent/CN116600788A/zh
Priority to CA3202019A priority patent/CA3202019A1/en
Priority to US18/266,870 priority patent/US20240058280A1/en
Publication of WO2022127760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127760A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127Liposomes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13Amines
    • A61K31/135Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/136Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline having the amino group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. benzeneamine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127Liposomes
    • A61K9/1271Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes, liposomes coated with polymers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present application generally relates to the field of medicine, and specifically relates to the application of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes in the treatment of ovarian cancer, gastric cancer or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Ovarian cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in women. Due to the lack of typical symptoms and signs, once detected, most of them are in the middle and late stages, and the survival time is very short. There are various pathological types of ovarian cancer, of which the most common is epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for 70%, followed by malignant germ cell tumors and sex cord stromal tumors.
  • the overall prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer is poor due to the difficulty of early diagnosis and the lack of effective treatment for drug-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.
  • Surgery combined with chemotherapy is the main treatment for ovarian cancer, and chemotherapy plays an important role in adjuvant treatment and recurrence treatment.
  • Platinum-based combination chemotherapy is the main recommended regimen for postoperative chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. Even if the patients with advanced stage achieve complete remission after the above treatment, 70%-80% still have recurrence.
  • the standard chemotherapy regimen for the initial treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is mainly platinum drugs combined with chemotherapy. The selection of specific regimens should comprehensively consider the individual characteristics of patients.
  • doxorubicin liposome is also recommended as a single drug or in combination with bevacizumab for the treatment of recurrent drug-resistant ovarian cancer; however, among the current monotherapy drugs for platinum-resistant recurrence, there is no drug that Other drugs are more prominent in terms of safety and efficacy.
  • Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world. For patients with no chance of radical surgery or metastatic gastric cancer, it is currently recognized that a comprehensive treatment based on systemic drug therapy should be adopted.
  • systemic chemotherapy drugs include: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), capecitabine, Seggio, Cisplatin, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel, irinotecan, epirubicin, etc.
  • Targeted therapy drugs include: trastuzumab, apatinib. The treatment of advanced recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer is difficult, especially the poor efficacy of second-line and third-line treatments and limited options.
  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) accounts for 90% of head and neck tumors, with an annual incidence of more than 550,000 and more than 300,000 deaths worldwide. Most patients cannot be cured due to local recurrence and metastasis, and the five-year survival rate is less than 50%. Surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy cannot achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects.
  • the present application provides the use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of ovarian cancer, gastric cancer or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the only active ingredient in the drug.
  • the drug or mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome has one or more of the following properties:
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes have a particle size of about 30-80 nm, such as about 35-75 nm, about 40-70 nm, about 40-60 nm, or about 60 nm;
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride forms insoluble precipitates with polyvalent counter ions (eg sulfate, citrate or phosphate) within the liposome;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains a phospholipid with a phase transition temperature (Tm) above body temperature, such that the phase transition temperature of the liposome is above body temperature, eg, the phospholipid is selected from hydrogenated soy lecithin, phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg yolk lecithin, dipalmitate lecithin, distearate lecithin, or any combination of the above;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes contained hydrogenated soybean lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2000).
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains hydrogenated soy lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoyl phospholipid in a mass ratio of about 3:1:1 Acylethanolamine and mitoxantrone hydrochloride form insoluble precipitates with polyvalent acid ions in the liposome, and the particle size of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome in the drug is about 60 nm.
  • the ovarian cancer is platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.
  • the gastric cancer is advanced gastric cancer.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a squamous cell carcinoma that occurs in the nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, cervical esophagus, thyroid, salivary gland, oral cavity, larynx, and/or ear.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has failed first-line treatment, eg, the first-line treatment is cisplatin/carboplatin in combination with 5-FU or paclitaxel, optionally further in combination with western medicine Tuximab.
  • the medicament is in an injectable dosage form, such as a liquid injection, a powder for injection, or a tablet for injection.
  • the drug is a liquid injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the drug is 0.5-5 mg/ml, eg, 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml, based on mitoxantrone.
  • the application provides a method of treating ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in an individual, the method comprising administering to the individual a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the only active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutical composition or mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome has one or more of the following properties:
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes have a particle size of about 30-80 nm, such as about 35-75 nm, about 40-70 nm, about 40-60 nm, or about 60 nm;
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride forms insoluble precipitates with polyvalent counter ions (eg sulfate, citrate or phosphate) within the liposome;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains a phospholipid with a phase transition temperature (Tm) above body temperature, such that the phase transition temperature of the liposome is above body temperature, eg, the phospholipid is selected from hydrogenated soy lecithin, phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg yolk lecithin, dipalmitate lecithin, distearate lecithin, or any combination of the above;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes contained hydrogenated soybean lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2000).
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains hydrogenated soy lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoyl phospholipid in a mass ratio of about 3:1:1 Acylethanolamine and mitoxantrone hydrochloride form insoluble precipitates with polyvalent acid ions in the liposome, and the particle size of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome in the drug is about 60 nm.
  • the ovarian cancer is platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.
  • the gastric cancer is advanced gastric cancer.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a squamous cell carcinoma that occurs in the nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, cervical esophagus, thyroid, salivary gland, oral cavity, larynx, and/or ear.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has failed first-line treatment, eg, the first-line treatment is cisplatin/carboplatin in combination with 5-FU or paclitaxel, optionally further in combination with western medicine Tuximab.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of an injection, such as a liquid injection, a powder for injection, or a tablet for injection.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a liquid injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the pharmaceutical composition is 0.5-5 mg/ml, eg, 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml, based on mitoxantrone.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intravenous administration; eg, in each intravenous administration, the pharmaceutical composition is administered by instillation for 30 min-120 min, eg, 60 min-120 min or 60 ⁇ 15 min.
  • the dosing cycle is dosing every 4 weeks or 3 weeks, eg, dosing every 3 weeks.
  • the therapeutically effective amount is 8-30 mg/m 2 , eg, 12-20 mg/m 2 or 20 mg/m 2 , based on mitoxantrone.
  • the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome, which is used for treating ovarian cancer, gastric cancer or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the only active ingredient in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutical composition or mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome has one or more of the following properties:
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes have a particle size of about 30-80 nm, such as about 35-75 nm, about 40-70 nm, about 40-60 nm, or about 60 nm;
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride forms insoluble precipitates with polyvalent counter ions (eg sulfate, citrate or phosphate) within the liposome;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains a phospholipid with a phase transition temperature (Tm) above body temperature, such that the phase transition temperature of the liposome is above body temperature, eg, the phospholipid is selected from hydrogenated soy lecithin, phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg yolk lecithin, dipalmitate lecithin, distearate lecithin, or any combination of the above;
  • the phospholipid bilayer in mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes contained hydrogenated soybean lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2000).
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains hydrogenated soy lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoyl phospholipid in a mass ratio of about 3:1:1 Acylethanolamine and mitoxantrone hydrochloride form insoluble precipitates with polyvalent acid ions in the liposome, and the particle size of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome in the drug is about 60 nm.
  • the ovarian cancer is platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.
  • the gastric cancer is advanced gastric cancer.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a squamous cell carcinoma that occurs in the nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, cervical esophagus, thyroid, salivary gland, oral cavity, larynx, and/or ear.
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has failed first-line treatment, eg, the first-line treatment is cisplatin/carboplatin in combination with 5-FU or paclitaxel, optionally further in combination with western medicine Tuximab.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of an injection, such as a liquid injection, a powder for injection, or a tablet for injection.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a liquid injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the pharmaceutical composition is 0.5-5 mg/ml, eg, 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml, based on mitoxantrone.
  • Mitoxantrone hydrochloride is an anthraquinone antitumor drug.
  • FDA-approved indications are multiple sclerosis, prostate cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia, and clinical studies have shown its effect on malignant lymphoma, breast and acute myeloid leukemia, lung cancer, melanoma, soft tissue sarcoma, multiple myeloma, liver cancer , colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer and head and neck cancer have certain curative effects.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride Due to the existence of more serious side effects, such as bone marrow suppression, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (dose-limiting toxicity), palpitations, premature beats, and abnormal electrocardiogram, the clinical dose of mitoxantrone hydrochloride is limited, and combination therapy is often required. However, previous studies have shown that these combination regimens are not very effective. How to further improve the anti-tumor efficacy without causing serious toxic and side effects is a difficult problem faced by the clinical application of mitoxantrone hydrochloride.
  • Liposomes are a new form of drug delivery.
  • liposome drugs generally refer to microvesicles formed by encapsulating drugs in lipid bilayers. Studies have shown that liposome drugs can change the distribution of encapsulated drugs in vivo, so that drugs are mainly accumulated in tissues and organs such as liver, spleen, lung and bone marrow, thereby improving the therapeutic index of drugs, reducing the therapeutic dose of drugs and reducing drug toxicity. . These characteristics make the application of liposome drug delivery in the research of antitumor drugs much valued.
  • the applicant's researchers of the present application conducted studies on mitoxantrone liposomal formulations. For example, Chinese patent application No.
  • Mitoxantrone liposome preparation is a special preparation different from ordinary mitoxantrone injection. Its absorption, distribution and metabolism after entering the body are obviously different. Therefore, for the treatment of different indications, especially in different In the treatment of tumors, it is also difficult to deduce according to the indications of the compounds themselves or between different tumor types. Therefore, the efficacy and indications for the liposomal formulation of mitoxantrone should be independently studied. It is for this purpose that the inventors of the present application have conducted in-depth research on the efficacy of mitoxantrone liposome preparations in refractory ovarian cancer, gastric cancer or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and established the various inventions of the present application. .
  • the term "pharmaceutical composition” as used herein refers to a combination of at least one drug and, optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant, brought together to achieve a pharmaceutical purpose.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is usually an aqueous carrier, eg, water, aqueous buffer solution, isotonic saline solution (eg, physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS)), sugar solution Wait.
  • aqueous carrier eg, water, aqueous buffer solution, isotonic saline solution (eg, physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS)), sugar solution Wait.
  • injection is a suitable dosage form (and thus has a matching type of pharmaceutically acceptable carrier), those skilled in the art will understand that in the case of other dosage forms (such as oral administration), alternative Other types of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • a “therapeutically effective amount” or “effective amount” refers to a dose sufficient to demonstrate benefit to the subject to which it is administered.
  • the actual amount administered, as well as the rate and time course of administration, will depend on the individual condition and severity of the subject being treated. Prescribing treatment (eg, determination of dosage, etc.) is ultimately the responsibility and reliance on the physician to make a decision, usually taking into account the disease being treated, the condition of the individual patient, the site of delivery, the method of administration, and other factors known to the physician.
  • “Individual,” “subject,” and “patient” as used herein include all members of the animal kingdom, including, but not limited to, mammals (eg, mice, rats, cats, monkeys, dogs, horses, pigs) etc.) and people. Preferably, the individual is a human individual. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “patient”, “subject” or “individual” are used interchangeably.
  • Mitoxantrone HCl is an anthraquinone antitumor drug with the following structure:
  • a liposome is an artificial membrane.
  • the hydrophilic head of the phospholipid molecule is inserted into the water, and the hydrophobic tail of the liposome extends to the air, and after agitation, a spherical liposome with bilayer lipid molecules is formed.
  • liposomes are often used in transgenic technology or in the preparation of medicines. The characteristics of liposomes that can fuse with cell membranes are used to deliver medicines into cells.
  • liposome drugs generally refer to microvesicles formed by encapsulating drugs in lipid bilayers.
  • the chemical composition of liposomes generally includes phospholipids (including natural and synthetic phospholipids) and cholesterol.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are the only active ingredient in the drug.
  • the particle size of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes is about 30-80 nm, such as about 30, 25, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 or 80nm. More suitable ranges include about 35-75 nm, about 40-70 nm, about 40-60 nm. In one example (see Examples below), the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes have a particle size of about 60 nm. There are various ways of particle size determination, including but not limited to NanoZS.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride forms insoluble precipitates with multivalent counter ions (such as sulfate, citrate or phosphate) in the liposome.
  • multivalent counter ions such as sulfate, citrate or phosphate
  • the phospholipid bilayer in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome contains phospholipids whose phase transition temperature (Tm) is higher than body temperature (eg, 36-38° C.), so that the phase transition temperature of the liposome is higher than body temperature.
  • Tm phase transition temperature
  • Phospholipid molecules are an essential part of liposomes, liposomes formed by different kinds of phospholipid molecules have solid-gel-liquid phase transition properties at different temperatures, and the composition of phospholipids largely determines the liposomes phase transition temperature.
  • Phospholipid species suitable for achieving the desired phase transition temperatures herein include, but are not limited to, hydrogenated soy lecithin, phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg yolk lecithin, dipalmitate lecithin, distearate lecithin, or any combination of the above .
  • those skilled in the art can also select other suitable phospholipid species and proportions based on the phase transition temperature test.
  • the phospholipid bilayers in the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes of the present application contain phospholipid molecules including hydrogenated soy lecithin and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoyl phosphatidyl Ethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2000).
  • the phospholipid bilayer in mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes comprises hydrogenated soy lecithin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoyl in a mass ratio of about 3:1:1 Phosphatidylethanolamine, mitoxantrone hydrochloride and polyvalent acid ions in the liposome form insoluble precipitates, and the particle size of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome in the drug is about 60 nm.
  • lipid-drug ratio refers to the mass ratio of the constituents of the phospholipid bilayer (including phospholipids and cholesterol) to the drug (mitoxantrone in this application) in the liposome.
  • the lipid-to-drug ratio refers to the composition of the phospholipid bilayer (including HSPC, DSPE-PEG2000 and Chol) and mitoxantrone in the liposome. quality ratio.
  • the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation of the present application can be prepared as follows:
  • Hydrogenated soybean lecithin (HSPC), cholesterol (Chol), and polyethylene glycol 2000-modified distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2000) were weighed in a mass ratio of 3:1:1 and dissolved in 95% ethanol , a clear solution (ie, phospholipid in ethanol) was obtained.
  • the ethanolic solution of phospholipids was mixed with 300 mM ammonium sulfate solution and shaken at 60-65 °C for 1 h to obtain heterogeneous multilamellar liposomes. The particle size of the liposomes is then reduced using a microfluidic device.
  • the obtained sample was diluted 200 times with 0.9% NaCl solution and detected by NanoZS.
  • the average particle size of the particles was about 60 nm, and the main peak was concentrated between 40 and 60 nm.
  • the ammonium sulfate in the outer phase of the blank liposome was then removed using an ultrafiltration device, and the outer phase was replaced with 290 mM sucrose and 10 mM glycine to form a transmembrane ammonium sulfate gradient.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride solution (calculated as mitoxantrone, 10 mg/mL) was added to blank liposomes, and drug loading was carried out at 60-65 °C.
  • the encapsulation efficiency was demonstrated to be about 100% using gel exclusion chromatography.
  • the resulting product was named PLM60 and was used in the examples described later.
  • the weight ratio of HSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG2000:mitoxantrone in PLM60 was 9.58:3.19:3.19:1, and the osmotic pressure of sucrose-glycine solution was close to the physiological value.
  • glycine-substituted amino acid species used to form the outer phase of the transmembrane ammonium sulfate gradient include, but are not limited to, histidine, asparagine, glutamic acid, leucine, proline, alanine.
  • the mass ratio of HSPC, Chol and DSPE-PEG2000 can be adjusted appropriately.
  • lipid-drug ratio parameter for preparing the lipid-drug ratio parameter in the specific liposome pharmaceutical preparation, those skilled in the art can design, test and finally obtain a suitable lipid-drug ratio, so as to improve the drug load as much as possible and reduce the amount of drug leakage.
  • lipid-drug ratios for the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome formulation of the application, a wide range of lipid-drug ratios can be used, for example, as low as 2:1 or as high as 30:1, 40:1 or 50:1, A more suitable lipid to drug ratio may be about (15-20):1, such as about 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1 or 20:1. Therefore, several advantageous properties of the liposomal formulations of mitoxantrone hydrochloride described above are more important, and the methodologies to achieve these properties are diverse.
  • the adaptability of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome preparation includes ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • the first-line, second-line or more than second-line drugs for the treatment of ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma referred to in this application refer to the drugs approved by the drug administrations of China and other countries and regions (such as the United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea, etc.) for use in ovarian cancer , First-line, second-line or more than second-line drugs for the treatment of gastric cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including but not limited to: FDA-approved bevacizumab, PD-1 inhibitor, trastuzumab, apatinib, etc.
  • the suitability of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation is ovarian cancer.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the sole active ingredient in the pharmaceutical/pharmaceutical compositions of the present application for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
  • the ovarian cancer is platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.
  • Platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer refers to platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer that has failed at least standard platinum-containing regimens.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical dosage forms are injectable dosage forms, including liquid injections, powders for injection, and tablets for injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the drug is 0.5-5 mg/ml based on mitoxantrone, and a more suitable range includes 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml.
  • the therapeutically effective amount is usually 8-30 mg/m 2 based on mitoxantrone, based on individual surface area, more suitable ranges include 12-20 mg/m 2 , eg, 12 mg/m 2 , 14 mg /m 2 , 16 mg/m 2 , 18 mg/m 2 , 20 mg/m 2 .
  • a suitable mode of administration of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation of the present application is intravenous administration.
  • the dosing cycle is every 4 weeks or 3 weeks.
  • each intravenous administration, the infusion administration time of the liposome pharmaceutical preparation is 30min-120min, more suitable ranges include 60min-120min and 90 ⁇ 15min.
  • the suitability of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation is gastric cancer.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the sole active ingredient in the drug/pharmaceutical composition of the present application for the treatment of gastric cancer.
  • the gastric cancer is advanced gastric cancer.
  • Advanced gastric cancer refers to histologically diagnosed, metastatic advanced gastric cancer, including gastroesophageal junction cancer.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical dosage forms are injectable dosage forms, including liquid injections, powders for injection, and tablets for injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the drug is 0.5-5 mg/ml based on mitoxantrone, and a more suitable range includes 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml.
  • the therapeutically effective amount is usually 8-30 mg/m 2 based on mitoxantrone, based on individual surface area, more suitable ranges include 12-20 mg/m 2 , eg, 12 mg/m 2 , 14 mg /m 2 , 16 mg/m 2 , 18 mg/m 2 , 20 mg/m 2 .
  • a suitable mode of administration of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation of the present application is intravenous administration.
  • the dosing cycle is every 4 weeks or 3 weeks.
  • each intravenous administration, the infusion administration time of the liposome pharmaceutical preparation is 30min-120min, more suitable ranges include 60min-120min and 90 ⁇ 15min.
  • the adaptation of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomes are used as the sole active ingredient in the drug/pharmaceutical composition of the present application for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas include squamous cell carcinomas that occur in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, cervical esophagus, thyroid, salivary glands, oral cavity, larynx and/or ear, wherein nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the cancer type concerned in this application .
  • the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has failed at least first-line therapy.
  • cisplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (PF regimen) or in combination with a paclitaxel is a commonly used first-line chemotherapy regimen of choice. If the patient is not suitable for cisplatin, carboplatin can be used instead.
  • the above first-line treatment regimens can be combined with cetuximab.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical dosage forms are injectable dosage forms, including liquid injections, powders for injection, and tablets for injection.
  • the active ingredient content of the drug is 0.5-5 mg/ml based on mitoxantrone, and a more suitable range includes 1-2 mg/ml or 1 mg/ml.
  • the therapeutically effective amount is usually 8-30 mg/m 2 based on mitoxantrone, based on individual surface area, more suitable ranges include 12-20 mg/m 2 , eg, 12 mg/m 2 , 14 mg /m 2 , 16 mg/m 2 , 18 mg/m 2 , 20 mg/m 2 .
  • a suitable mode of administration of the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposomal formulation of the present application is intravenous administration.
  • the dosing cycle is every 4 weeks or 3 weeks.
  • each intravenous administration, the infusion administration time of the liposome pharmaceutical preparation is 30min-120min, more suitable ranges include 60min-120min and 90 ⁇ 15min.
  • liposome drug preparation is a special type of drug. Compared with free drug, the absorption, distribution and metabolism of liposome drug will change after entering the body. Therefore, dosing regimens based on free drug design and testing may not necessarily be suitable for liposomal formulations of the same drug. Likewise, a dosing regimen designed and tested for a liposomal pharmaceutical formulation in a certain cancer may not necessarily be suitable for the application of the liposomal pharmaceutical formulation in other cancer types.
  • Doxil doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome
  • ovarian cancer the recommended dose is 50mg/m 2 , administered intravenously once every 4 weeks; (2) card For Boehner's sarcoma, the recommended dose is 20 mg/m 2 , administered intravenously once every 3 weeks; (3) For multiple myeloma, the recommended dose is 30 mg/m 2 , intravenously administered on the fourth day after bortezomib administration.
  • Abraxane paclitaxel for injection [albumin-bound]
  • the dosing regimens of the three FDA-approved indications are also different: (1) Metastatic breast cancer: the recommended dose is 260 mg/m 2 , intravenous infusion for 30 minutes , administered once every 3 weeks; (2) Non-small cell lung cancer: recommended dose of 100 mg/m 2 , intravenous infusion for 30 minutes, a course of treatment every 21 days, administered on the 1st day, the 8th day and the 15th day respectively; Carboplatin is administered immediately after administration of paclitaxel (albumin-bound) for injection on the first day, once every 21 days; (3) pancreatic cancer: the recommended dose is 125 mg/m 2 , intravenous infusion for 30-40 minutes, and A 28-day cycle was administered once on the 1st, 8th, and 15th days, and gemcitabine was administered immediately after each administration of paclitaxel for injection (albumin-bound).
  • AmBisome (Amphotericin B liposome for injection), the starting doses for the treatment of the following indications are: (1) Empirical therapy: the recommended dose is 3 mg/kg/day; (2) Systemic fungal infections (Aspergillus, Candida , Cryptococcus): the recommended dose is 3-5mg/kg/day; (3) Cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected patients: the recommended dose is 6mg/kg/day (1-5 days), 3mg/kg/day (1st-5th day) 4, 21 days); immunocompromised patients with visceral leishmaniasis: 4 mg/kg/day (1-5 days), 4 mg/kg/day (10, 17, 24, 31, 38 days).
  • the dosage and administration data are individually formulated according to the specific disease type and the actual situation of the patient, in order to achieve the maximum efficacy and minimum toxicity or adverse reactions, and achieve the effect of safe and effective treatment of the disease.
  • PLM60 mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome preparation
  • This example is a single-arm, open-label, multi-center phase Ib study.
  • the included subjects will receive mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60), aiming to evaluate the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60).
  • PLM60 mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection
  • CR complete remission
  • PR partial remission
  • SD stable disease
  • ORR objective response rate
  • DCR disease control rate
  • the experimental procedure of each subject is arranged as follows: screening period, treatment period and follow-up period.
  • the eligible subjects will receive treatment with mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection in the order of enrollment. All subjects completed the relevant inspections specified by the protocol during the entire trial process of the treatment period according to the protocol to observe safety.
  • This study plans to enroll no less than 30 subjects, and the entire cycle of this study is expected to be 24-36 months.
  • Hemoglobin (Hb) ⁇ 9.0g/dL (within 1 week before the laboratory test, did not receive red blood cell transfusion therapy);
  • Platelets ⁇ 75x10 9 /L did not receive platelet transfusion, thrombopoietin, interleukin-11 or other drugs that increase platelets);
  • Total bilirubin ⁇ 1.5x ULN (for patients with liver metastases, ⁇ 3x ULN);
  • AST Alanine aminotransferase
  • ALT aspartate aminotransferase
  • Coagulation function prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) ⁇ 1.5x ULN;
  • Female subjects with negative urine or blood HCG except for menopause and hysterectomy
  • female subjects of childbearing age and their partners take effective contraceptive measures during the trial and within 6 months after the end of the last medication (for example: combined hormones) (containing estrogen and progesterone) combined with ovulation inhibition, progesterone contraception combined with ovulation inhibition, intrauterine device, intrauterine hormone releasing system, bilateral tubal ligation, vasectomy, sex avoidance, etc.);
  • Active hepatitis B HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • active hepatitis C HCV antibody positive and HCV RNA higher than the lower limit of the detection value of the research center
  • HIV antibody positive patients HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • Thrombotic or embolic events within the past 6 months such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attack), pulmonary embolism;
  • Abnormal cardiac function including:
  • Uncontrolled hypertension defined as multiple measurements of systolic blood pressure >150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg under medication control);
  • Subjects have the right to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason. Subjects will be withdrawn from the study process if any of the following occurs:
  • the efficacy of the subjects was evaluated according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, and all adverse events occurred in the subjects were evaluated according to the CTCAE 5.0 criteria.
  • the inventor of the present application uses mitoxantrone liposomes. After the drug enters the human body through intravenous infusion, it has the effects of slow release, targeting, attenuating toxicity, and enhancing efficacy. Not only the dosage is higher than that of ordinary injections, but also it is a single drug treatment. It can not only improve the effectiveness, but also reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
  • the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome preparation provided by the present application can improve the treatment plan of ovarian cancer, and lay a foundation for the subsequent combined medication to impact first-line and second-line treatment.
  • This example is a single-arm, open-label, multi-center Phase Ib study.
  • the included subjects will receive mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60), aiming to evaluate the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60).
  • PLM60 mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection
  • the experimental procedure of each subject is arranged as follows: screening period, treatment period and follow-up period.
  • the subjects who met the inclusion criteria will receive treatment with mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection in the order of enrollment. All subjects completed the relevant inspections specified by the protocol during the entire trial process of the treatment period according to the protocol to observe safety.
  • This study plans to enroll 30-60 subjects, and the entire cycle of this study is expected to be 24-36 months.
  • Platelets ⁇ 75x10 9 /L did not receive platelet transfusion; did not receive thrombopoietin, interleukin-11 or other platelet-raising drugs within 2 weeks);
  • Total bilirubin ⁇ 1.5x ULN (for patients with liver metastases, ⁇ 3x ULN);
  • AST Alanine aminotransferase
  • ALT aspartate aminotransferase
  • Coagulation function prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) ⁇ 1.5x ULN;
  • Female subjects have negative urine or blood HCG (except for menopause and hysterectomy), and female subjects of childbearing age should take effective contraceptive measures during the trial and within 6 months after the end of the last medication (for example: combined hormones (containing estrogen) Hormones and progestins) combined to suppress ovulation, progesterone contraception combined to suppress ovulation, IUD, intrauterine hormone-releasing system, bilateral tubal ligation, vasectomy, sex avoidance, etc.);
  • Active hepatitis B HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • active hepatitis C HCV antibody positive and HCV RNA higher than the lower limit of the detection value of the research center
  • HIV antibody positive patients HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • Thrombotic or embolic events within the past 6 months such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attack), pulmonary embolism;
  • Abnormal cardiac function including:
  • Uncontrolled hypertension defined as multiple measurements of systolic blood pressure >150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg under medication control);
  • Subjects have the right to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason. Subjects will be withdrawn from the study process if any of the following occurs:
  • the efficacy of the subjects was evaluated according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, and all adverse events occurred in the subjects were evaluated according to the CTCAE 5.0 criteria.
  • the inventor of the present application expects that using mitoxantrone liposomes, the drug will have slow-release, targeting, attenuating, and synergistic effects after entering the human body through intravenous infusion, not only the dosage is higher than that of ordinary injections, but also a single-drug therapy , which can not only improve the effectiveness, but also reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
  • This example is a single-arm, open-label, multi-center Phase Ib study.
  • the included subjects will receive mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60), aiming to evaluate the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection (PLM60).
  • PLM60 mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection
  • Delayed dosing is acceptable after the second cycle, but the delay cannot exceed 3 weeks; after the second cycle, dose adjustment is acceptable, down to a minimum of 12 mg/m 2 .
  • the safety evaluation and efficacy evaluation were carried out according to the plan.
  • follow-up was conducted 28 days after the last dose. Subjects who withdraw from the trial process early should try their best to complete the follow-up after the last dose.
  • the experimental procedure of each subject is arranged as follows: screening period, treatment period and follow-up period.
  • the subjects who met the inclusion criteria will receive treatment with mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection in the order of enrollment. All subjects completed the relevant inspections specified by the protocol during the entire trial process of the treatment period according to the protocol to observe safety.
  • This study plans to enroll no less than 30 subjects, and the entire cycle of this study is expected to be 24-36 months.
  • Platelets ⁇ 75x10 9 /L did not receive platelet transfusion, thrombopoietin, interleukin-11 or other drugs that increase platelets);
  • Total bilirubin ⁇ 1.5x ULN (for patients with liver metastases, ⁇ 3x ULN);
  • AST Alanine aminotransferase
  • ALT aspartate aminotransferase
  • Coagulation function prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) ⁇ 1.5x ULN;
  • Female subjects with negative urine or blood HCG except menopause and hysterectomy, female subjects of childbearing age take effective contraceptive measures during the trial and within 6 months after the end of the last drug Hormones and progestins) combined to suppress ovulation, progesterone contraception combined to suppress ovulation, IUD, intrauterine hormone-releasing system, bilateral tubal ligation, vasectomy, sex avoidance, etc.);
  • the expected survival time is less than 3 months
  • Active hepatitis B HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • active hepatitis C HCV antibody positive and HCV RNA higher than the lower limit of the detection value of the research center
  • HIV antibody positive patients HbsAg or HBcAb positive and HBV DNA ⁇ 2000IU/mL
  • Thrombotic or embolic events within the past 6 months such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attack), pulmonary embolism;
  • Abnormal cardiac function including:
  • Uncontrolled hypertension defined as measured systolic blood pressure >150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg under medication control
  • Subjects have the right to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason. Subjects will be withdrawn from the study process if any of the following occurs:
  • the efficacy of the subjects was evaluated according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, and all adverse events occurred in the subjects were evaluated according to the CTCAE 5.0 criteria.
  • the inventor of the present application expects that using mitoxantrone liposomes, the drug will have slow-release, targeting, attenuating, and synergistic effects after entering the human body through intravenous infusion, not only the dosage is higher than that of ordinary injections, but also a single-drug therapy , which can not only improve the effectiveness, but also reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
  • the mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome preparation provided by the present application is expected to fill the gap in the second-line treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and lay a foundation for the subsequent combined drug impact first-line treatment.

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Abstract

本申请提供了盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在制备用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的药物中的用途,利用盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的方法,以及用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂。

Description

盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的用途
相关申请
本申请要求2020年12月15日提交的中国专利申请202011477966.6.6号的优先权,通过引用的方式将该申请的全部内容整体并入本文,用于所有目的。
技术领域
本申请大体涉及医药领域,具体涉及盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌中的应用。
背景技术
卵巢癌作为女性常见恶性肿瘤之一,由于缺乏典型的症状及体征,一旦发现,大多处于中晚期,生存时间很短。卵巢癌有多种病理类型,其中最常见的是上皮性卵巢癌,占70%,其次是恶性生殖细胞肿瘤和性索间质肿瘤。
由于难以早期诊断及耐药复发卵巢上皮癌缺乏有效的治疗,卵巢上皮癌的总体预后较差。手术联合化疗是卵巢恶性肿瘤的主要治疗方式,化疗在辅助治疗、复发治疗中发挥重要作用。以铂类为主的联合化疗方案是晚期卵巢癌术后化疗的主要推荐方案。晚期患者即使经过上述治疗获得完全缓解,仍有70%-80%出现复发。目前晚期上皮性卵巢癌的初治标准化疗方案为铂类药物联合化疗为主,具体方案的选择需综合考虑患者的个体化特征,其他推荐方案里包括了卡铂联合蒽环类药物多柔比星脂质体的治疗方案。同时多柔比星脂质体同样被推荐单药或者联合贝伐珠单抗应用于治疗复发耐药卵巢癌;但是在目前针对铂耐药复发的单药治疗药物中,并没有一种药物比其他药物在安全性和有效性方面更突出。
胃癌是全球第5大高发癌症。对于无手术根治机会或转移性胃癌患者,目前公认应采取以全身药物治疗为主的综合治疗,常用的系统化疗药物包括:5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、卡培他滨、替吉奥、顺铂、奥沙利铂、紫杉醇、多西他赛、白蛋白紫杉醇、伊立替康、表阿霉素等,靶向治疗药物包括:曲妥珠单抗、阿帕替尼。晚期复发/转移性胃癌的治疗棘手,特别是二线治疗和三线治疗药物疗效欠佳,选择有限。
头颈部肿瘤发病率位列世界第六位,包括原发于鼻腔、鼻窦及鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉、耳的肿瘤。90%的头颈部肿瘤均为头颈部鳞癌(SCCHN),全球每年的发病人数超过55万,死亡人数超过30万。大多数患者因发生局部复发和转移不能治愈,五年生存率不到50%,手术和放化疗不能达到满意的治疗效果。
对于复发性头颈部肿瘤患者,只有少部分有可能再次接受根治性局部治疗如手术或放疗,大部分和转移性患者一样需要接受姑息性系统治疗(PS 0-1)或最佳支持治疗(PS≥2)。顺铂联合5-FU(PF方案)或联合紫杉醇类是常用的一线化疗方案选择,如果患者不适宜接受顺铂,可以用卡铂替代,上述方案均可联合西妥昔单抗。
对于一线铂类药物治疗失败的复发转移性头颈鳞癌,目前缺乏标准的治疗方案,常用的药物为甲氨蝶呤、紫杉醇或多西他赛、西妥昔单抗、免疫检查点抑制剂。对于一线铂类药物治疗失败的患者,在二线/挽救治疗方面,可以根据PD-L1检测结果,进行免疫治疗药物或者其他方案的选择。
因此,对于卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌这样的难治性癌症,亟需更好的治疗工具和方案。
发明概述
第一方面,本申请提供了盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在制备用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的药物中的用途。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为所述药物中的唯一活性成分。
在一些实施方案中,药物或盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
(i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
(ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
(iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
(iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
在一些实施方案中,卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
在一些实施方案中,胃癌为晚期胃癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
在一些实施方案中,药物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
在一些实施方案中,药物为液体注射剂。
在一些实施方案中,以米托蒽醌计,药物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
第二方面,本申请提供了治疗个体中的卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的方法,所述方法包括给予所述个体包含治疗有效量的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的药物组合物。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为药物组合物中的唯一活性成分。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物或盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
(i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
(ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
(iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
(iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
在一些实施方案中,卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
在一些实施方案中,胃癌为晚期胃癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为液体注射剂。
在一些实施方案中,以米托蒽醌计,药物组合物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
在一些实施方案中,通过静脉给药方式给予药物组合物;例如,在每次静脉给药中,药物组合物的滴注给药时间为30min-120min,例如60min-120min或60±15min。
在一些实施方案中,给药周期为每4周或3周给药一次,例如每3周给药一次。
在一些实施方案中,以米托蒽醌计,治疗有效量为8-30mg/m 2,例如12-20mg/m 2或20mg/m 2
第三方面,本申请提供了包含盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的药物组合物,所述药物组合物用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为药物组合物中的唯一活性成分。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物或盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
(i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
(ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
(iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
(iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
在一些实施方案中,卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
在一些实施方案中,胃癌为晚期胃癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为液体注射剂。
在一些实施方案中,以米托蒽醌计,药物组合物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
发明详细描述
盐酸米托蒽醌是一种蒽醌抗肿瘤药物。FDA批准的适应症为多发性硬化症、前列腺癌和急性髓性白血病,临床研究显示其对恶性淋巴瘤、乳腺癌和急性髓性白血病、肺癌、黑色素瘤、软组织肉瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、肝癌、大肠癌、肾癌、前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌、睾丸肿瘤、卵巢癌和头颈部癌等都有一定疗效。因存在比较严重的副作用,例如骨髓抑制,引起白细胞和血小板减少(为剂量限制性毒性),心悸、早搏及心电图异常等,盐酸米托蒽醌临床给药剂量受限,经常需要联合用药。但是,既往研究显示这些联合用药方案的有效性不高。如何在不 导致严重毒副作用的前提下,进一步改善抗肿瘤疗效,是盐酸米托蒽醌临床应用面临的难题。
脂质体是一种新型载药形式。在药剂学定义中,脂质体药物一般指将药物包封于类脂质双分子层内而形成的微型泡囊体。研究显示,脂质体药物可改变包封药物的体内分布,使药物主要在肝、脾、肺和骨髓等组织器官中积蓄,从而提高药物的治疗指数、减少药物的治疗剂量和降低药物的毒性。这些特性使得脂质体载药在抗肿瘤药物研究中的应用备受重视。本申请的申请人的研究人员针对米托蒽醌脂质体制剂进行了研究。例如,2006年12月29日提交的中国专利申请200610102339.8号和2007年12月29日提交的PCT申请WO2008/080367A1公开了一种米托蒽醌脂质体,将上述专利申请公开的全部内容整体并入本文,用于所有目的。
米托蒽醌脂质体制剂是一种不同于普通米托蒽醌注射剂的特殊制剂,其在进入体内后的吸收、分布、代谢情况明显不同,因此对于不同适应症的治疗,特别是在不同肿瘤的治疗上,也难以根据化合物自身的适应症进行推导或者在不同肿瘤类型之间进行推导。因此,对于米托蒽醌脂质体制剂形式的疗效和适应症应当独立地进行研究。本申请的发明人正是以此为目的,对米托蒽醌脂质体制剂在难治性的卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌中的功效进行了深入研究,建立了本申请的各项发明。
在下文的详细描述中,除非另有定义,本文使用的所有科技术语具有本领域普通技术人员所理解的相同含义。
尽管本申请的广义范围所示的数字范围和参数近似值,但是具体实施方案中所示的数值尽可能准确的进行记载。然而,任何数值本来就必然含有一定的误差,其是由它们各自的测量中存在的标准偏差所致。另外,本文公开的所有范围应理解为涵盖其中包含的任何和所有子范围。例如记载的“1至10”的范围应认为包含最小值1和最大值10之间(包含端点)的任何和所有子范围;也就是说,所有以最小值1或更大起始的子范围,例如1至6.1,以及以最大值10或更小终止的子范围,例如5.5至10。当本申请在数值或数值范围中使用“约”时,表示本领域可接受的数值浮动程度,通常表示在所述数值或数值范围的基础上±10%以内,例如±9%,或者±8%,或者±7%,或者±6%,或者±5%,或者±4%,或者±3%,或者±2%,或者±1%。
本文使用的术语“药物组合物”表示组合在一起以实现某种药学目的的至少一种药物以及任选地可药用载体或辅料的组合。在本申请的脂质体制剂的技术背景下,可药用载体通常是水性载体,例如,水、缓冲水溶液、等渗盐溶液(如,生理盐水、磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS))、糖溶液等。虽然在本申请的技术背景下,注射剂是合适的剂型(进而有与之匹配的可药用载体类型),但是本领域技术人员能够理解在可能选择其他剂型的情况下(例如口服),可选用其他类型的可药用载体。
本文使用的“治疗有效量”或“有效量”是指足以显示其对于所施用对象益处的剂量。施用的实际量,以及施用的速率和时间过程会取决于所治疗者的自身情况和严重程度。治疗的处方(例如对剂量的决定等)最终是医师的责任并依赖其做决定,通常考虑所治疗的疾病、患者个体的情况、递送部位、施用方法以及对于医师来说已知的其它因素。
本申请所述的“个体”、“受试者”、“患者”包括动物界的所有成员,包括但不限于,哺乳动物(例如,小鼠、大鼠、猫、猴子、狗、马、猪等)和人。优选地,个体是人类个体。除非标明,术语“患者”、“受试者”或“个体”可以互换使用。
1.盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体及制剂
盐酸米托蒽醌(Mitoxantrone HCl)是一种蒽醌抗肿瘤药物,其结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2021137728-appb-000001
广义而言,脂质体(liposome)是一种人工膜。在水中磷脂分子亲水头部插入水中,脂质体疏水尾部伸向空气,搅动后形成双层脂分子的球形脂质体。在生物医药领域中,脂质体常用于转基因技术或制备药物,利用脂质体可以和细胞膜融合的特点,将药物送入细胞内部。在药剂学定义中,脂质体药物一般指将药物包封于类脂质双分子层内而形成的微型泡囊体。脂质体的化学组成通常包括磷脂类物质(包括天然和合成磷脂)和胆固醇。
脂质体药品制剂的制备技术在本领域中多有报道,本领域技术人员可以借鉴相关技术指导来制备盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂。
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体为药物中的唯一活性成分。
在本申请的技术背景下,本申请的发明人发现,采用中国专利申请200610102339.8号或PCT申请WO2008/080367A1公开的方法制备的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂具有良好的功效。
不被任何特定理论所束缚,本申请的发明人发现以下一项或多项或全部性质对于盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂是有利的:
一、在脂质体制剂/药物中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约30、25、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75或80nm。更合适的范围包括约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm。在一个实例中(参见后文的实施例),盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约60nm。粒径测定的方式有多种,包括但不限于NanoZS。
二、盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀。
三、盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温(例如36-38℃)的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温。磷脂分子是脂质体的必要组成部分,不同种类的磷脂分子形成的脂质体在不同温度下具有固态-凝胶态-液态的相转变性质,并且磷脂的组成很大程度上决定脂质体的相转变温度。适合于实现本申请希望的相转变温度的磷脂种类包括但不限于氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合。此外,本领域技术人员也能够基于相转变温度测试去选择其他合适的磷脂种类以及配比。在一些实施方案中,除了胆固醇外,本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有的磷脂分子包括氢化大豆卵磷脂和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
在一些具体实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
在脂质体药物制剂中,“脂药比”是指脂质体中的磷脂双分子层的组成成分(包含磷脂和胆固醇)与药物(本申请中为米托蒽醌)的质量比。例如,在本申请的一个示例性脂质体药物制剂配方中,脂药比是指脂质体中的磷脂双分子层的组成成分(包含HSPC、DSPE-PEG2000和Chol)与米托蒽醌计的质量比。
作为非限制性的实例,本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂可以按照以下方法制备:
将氢化大豆卵磷脂(HSPC)、胆固醇(Chol)和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)按照3:1:1的质量比称重,溶解于95%乙醇中,得到澄明溶液(即磷 脂的乙醇溶液)。将磷脂的乙醇溶液与300mM的硫酸铵溶液混合,在60-65℃震荡水化lh,得到不均匀的多室脂质体。之后使用微射流设备降低脂质体的粒度。将所获得的样品用浓度0.9%的NaCl溶液稀释200倍后,用NanoZS进行检测,粒子的平均粒度约为60nm,主峰集中在40-60nm之间。之后使用超滤装置移去空白脂质体外相的硫酸铵,将外相置换成290mM蔗糖及10mM甘氨酸,以便形成跨膜硫酸铵梯度。按照脂药比16:1的比例,在空白脂质体中加入盐酸米托蒽醌溶液(以米托蒽醌计,10mg/mL),在60-65℃进行载药。孵育约lh后,使用凝胶排阻色谱可证明包封效率约为100%。由此得到的产品被命名为PLM60,并用于后文所述的实施例中。PLM60中HSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG2000:米托蒽醌的重量比为9.58:3.19:3.19:1,蔗糖甘氨酸溶液的渗透压与生理值接近。
应当理解的是,上述示例性制备方法中的多个技术细节和参数可以由本领域技术人员在合理的范围内进行调试和确定。例如,用于形成跨膜硫酸铵梯度的外相中的甘氨酸可替换的氨基酸种类包括但不限于组氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸。再例如,HSPC、Chol和DSPE-PEG2000的质量比可以进行适当的调整。还例如,对于制备具体脂质体药物制剂中的脂药比参数,本领域技术人员可以设计、测试并最终得出合适的脂药比,以尽量提高载药量同时减少药物漏出量,对于本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂而言,可以使用的脂药比是宽范围的,例如低至2:1或高至30:1、40:1或50:1都是可以的,更为适合的脂药比可以为约(15-20):1,例如约15:1、16:1、17:1、18:1、19:1或20:1。因此,上文描述的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的数点有利性质是更为重要的,实现这些性质的方法学是多样的。
2.适应症
在本申请中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的适应性包括卵巢癌、胃癌、头颈鳞癌。本申请所指的治疗卵巢癌、胃癌、头颈鳞癌的一线、二线或二线以上药物是指中国及其它国家和地区(例如美国、欧盟、日本、韩国等等)药物管理部门批准用于卵巢癌、胃癌、头颈鳞癌治疗的一线、二线或二线以上药物,包括但不仅限于:FDA批准的贝伐珠单抗、PD-1抑制剂、曲妥珠单抗、阿帕替尼等。
2.1卵巢癌
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的适应性为卵巢癌。在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为本申请的药物/药物组合物中的唯一活性成分用于治疗卵巢癌。
在一些实施方案中,卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌指至少经标准含铂方案治疗失败的铂难治或铂耐药复发的卵巢癌。
合适的药物剂型为注射剂型,包括液体注射剂、注射用粉剂、注射用片剂。当药物为液体注射剂时,以米托蒽醌计,药物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,更合适的范围包括1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
在治疗过程中,以个体表面积作为基准,以米托蒽醌计,治疗有效量通常为8-30mg/m 2,更合适的范围包括12-20mg/m 2,例如,12mg/m 2,14mg/m 2,16mg/m 2,18mg/m 2,20mg/m 2
本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的合适的给药方式为静脉给药。在一些实施方案中,给药周期为每4周或3周给药一次。在一些具体实施方案中,每次静脉给药,脂质体药物制剂的滴注给药时间为30min-120min,更合适的范围包括60min-120min和90±15min。
2.2胃癌
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的适应性为胃癌。在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为本申请的药物/药物组合物中的唯一活性成分用于治疗胃癌。
在一些实施方案中,所述胃癌为晚期胃癌。晚期胃癌是指经病理组织学确诊的,转移的晚期胃癌,包含胃食管交接部癌。
合适的药物剂型为注射剂型,包括液体注射剂、注射用粉剂、注射用片剂。当药物为液体注射剂时,以米托蒽醌计,药物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,更合适的范围包括1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
在治疗过程中,以个体表面积作为基准,以米托蒽醌计,治疗有效量通常为8-30mg/m 2,更合适的范围包括12-20mg/m 2,例如,12mg/m 2,14mg/m 2,16mg/m 2,18mg/m 2,20mg/m 2
本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的合适的给药方式为静脉给药。在一些实施方案中,给药周期为每4周或3周给药一次。在一些具体实施方案中,每次静脉给药,脂质体药物制剂的滴注给药时间为30min-120min,更合适的范围包括60min-120min和90±15min。
2.3.头颈鳞癌
在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的适应性为头颈鳞癌。在一些实施方案中,盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为本申请的药物/药物组合物中的唯一活性成分用于治疗头颈鳞癌。
头颈鳞癌包括发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌,其中鼻咽癌是本申请关注的癌症类型。
在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为复发/转移性头颈鳞癌。在一些实施方案中,头颈鳞癌为至少经一线治疗失败的复发/转移性头颈鳞癌。在一些实施方案中,顺铂联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)(PF方案)或联合紫杉醇类是常用的一线化疗方案选择。如果患者不适宜接受顺铂,可以用卡铂替代。上述一线治疗方案均可联合西妥昔单抗。
合适的药物剂型为注射剂型,包括液体注射剂、注射用粉剂、注射用片剂。当药物为液体注射剂时,以米托蒽醌计,药物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,更合适的范围包括1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
在治疗过程中,以个体表面积作为基准,以米托蒽醌计,治疗有效量通常为8-30mg/m 2,更合适的范围包括12-20mg/m 2,例如,12mg/m 2,14mg/m 2,16mg/m 2,18mg/m 2,20mg/m 2
本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂的合适的给药方式为静脉给药。在一些实施方案中,给药周期为每4周或3周给药一次。在一些具体实施方案中,每次静脉给药,脂质体药物制剂的滴注给药时间为30min-120min,更合适的范围包括60min-120min和90±15min。
3.给药方案
如上文所述,脂质体药物制剂是一种特殊的药物类型,相比于游离药物,脂质体药物进入体内后的吸收、分布、代谢情况会发生改变。因此,基于游离药物设计和测试得出的给药方案未必适合于相同药物的脂质体制剂。同样地,对于一种脂质体药物制剂在某种癌症设计和测试得出的给药方案也未必适合于该脂质体药物制剂在其他癌症类型中的应用。
已有的研究显示,同一药物在治疗不同适应症时,其安全有效剂量可能存在较大差异,例如:
Doxil(盐酸多柔比星脂质体)在FDA批准了三个适应症,分别为:(1)卵巢癌,推荐剂量为50mg/m 2,每4周一次静脉内给药;(2)卡波氏肉瘤,推荐剂量为20mg/m 2,每3周一次静脉内给药;(3)多发性骨髓瘤,推荐剂量为30mg/m 2,硼替佐米给药后第四天静脉给药。
Abraxane(注射用紫杉醇[白蛋白结合型]),在FDA获批的三个适应症的给药方案也不相同:(1)转移性乳腺癌:推荐剂量260mg/m 2,静脉滴注30分钟,每3周给药一次;(2)非小细胞肺癌:推荐剂量100mg/m 2,静脉滴注30分钟,每21天一个疗程,分别在第1天、第8天和15天给药;第1天注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)给药后立即给予卡铂,每21天给药一次;(3)胰腺癌:建议使用剂量125mg/m 2,静脉滴注30-40分钟,以28天为一个周期,第1、8、15天各给药一次,注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)每次给药后立即给予吉西他滨。
AmBisome(注射用两性霉素B脂质体),治疗以下适应症的起始剂量分别为:(1)经验治疗:推荐剂量3mg/kg/天;(2)系统真菌感染(曲霉菌,念珠菌,隐球菌):推荐剂量3-5mg/kg/ 天;(3)HIV感染者的隐球菌性脑膜炎:推荐剂量6mg/kg/天(第1-5天),3mg/kg/天(第4、21天);免疫功能低下的内脏利什曼病患者:4mg/kg/天(第1-5天),4mg/kg/天(第10、17、24、31、38天)。可见,同一种药物治疗不同适应症的安全有效剂量存在差异。剂量和给药数据根据具体病种和患者实际情况个性化制定,以达到最大药效和最小毒性或不良反应,取得安全有效治疗疾病的效果。
因此,对于本申请的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂而言,对于不同的癌症类型也可能存在不同的最佳给药方案。
实施例
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本申请。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本申请而不用于限制本申请的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
实施例1
本申请的发明人在卵巢癌、胃癌、头颈鳞癌的动物模型实验中测试了盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂(PLM60)的疗效,结果表明(未在本申请中示出),PLM60能有效治疗卵巢癌、胃癌和头颈鳞癌。
实施例2盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液治疗铂难治或铂耐药复发性卵巢癌的临床研究
本实施例是一项单臂、开放性、多中心的Ⅰb期研究,纳入的受试者将接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液(PLM60)治疗,旨在评价盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液在铂难治或铂耐药复发性卵巢癌受试者中的安全性和有效性。
在本实施例以及后续实施例中使用以下简写:完全缓解(CR),部分缓解(PR),疾病稳定(SD),客观缓解率(ORR),疾病控制率(DCR)。
一、试验设计
1.试验流程
入组受试者均接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液单药治疗,给药剂量20mg/m 2,每3周给药一次(q3w)。本研究计划入组不少于30例受试者。在给药前28天完成筛选相关检查,并进行基线评估,确定入选/排除标准后入组给药。所有入组受试者接受8个周期治疗,当出现以下情况可中止治疗:疾病进展(PD)、不能耐受的毒性反应、死亡、研究者判定无法继续获益。对于已完成8个治疗周期给药的受试者,如仍治疗获益且可耐受,可由研究者与申办方共同商讨后确定是否可继续治疗,观察和评价初步疗效和安全性。
每例受试者试验流程安排如下:筛选期、治疗期及随访期。
受试者签署知情同意书并在筛选期内完善所有基线检查后,符合入选条件的受试者将按照入组顺序,接受盐酸米托蒽醌注射液的治疗。所有受试者依据方案在治疗期的整个试验过程中完善方案规定的相关检查,以观察安全性。
2.研究持续时间
本研究包括筛选期4周(28天),治疗期8个周期(24周),末次安全随访,给药结束后4周(28天),随后每6周进行一次PFS随访,进展后每6周进行一次生存随访,预计每位患者持续时间约12个月。
本研究计划入组不少于30例受试者,本研究整个周期预计24-36个月。
二、试验人群:
符合下列全部入选标准并且没有任一排除标准的受试者才可入选本项临床研究。
(一)入选标准:
受试者必须符合以下所有标准:
1)受试者自愿参加研究,并签署知情同意书;
2)年龄≥18周岁女性受试者;
3)经病理组织学确诊的上皮性卵巢癌、输卵管癌或原发性腹膜癌(低级别浆液性和粘液性癌除外);
4)至少经标准含铂方案治疗失败的铂难治或铂耐药复发受试者;
5)基线至少存在一处符合RECIST 1.1定义的可测量病灶;
6)ECOG评分0-2;
7)预期生存时间≥3个月;
8)既往抗肿瘤治疗毒性恢复至≤1级(脱发、色素沉着或研究中认为对受试者无安全性风险的其他毒性除外);
9)受试者实验室检查数值符合以下要求:
●中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)≥1.5x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受G-CSF升白治疗);
●血红蛋白(Hb)≥9.0g/dL(实验室检查前1周内,未接受输注红细胞治疗);
●血小板≥75x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受输注血小板、促血小板生成素、白介素-11或其他升高血小板的药物治疗);
●肌酐≤1.5x ULN;
●总胆红素≤1.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤3x ULN);
●丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)/天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)≤2.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤5x ULN);
●白蛋白≥3.0g/dL;
●凝血功能:凝血酶原时间(PT)、国际标准化比值(INR)≤1.5x ULN;
10)女性受试者尿或血HCG阴性(绝经和子宫切除除外),育龄期女性受试者及其伴侣在试验期间和末次用药结束后6个月内采取有效的避孕措施(例如:联合激素(含雌激素和孕激素)结合抑制排卵、孕激素避孕结合抑制排卵、宫内节育器、宫内激素释放系统、双侧输卵管结扎术、输精管切除术、避免性行为等);
11)受试者能够和研究者进行良好的沟通,并且理解和自愿遵守本项研究的各项要求者。
(二)排除标准:
符合以下任一标准的受试者均将从本试验中排除:
1)对米托蒽醌或脂质体有严重过敏;
2)脑或脑膜转移;
3)有临床症状的心包积液;
4)既往异体器官移植或异体骨髓移植;
5)活动性乙型肝炎(HbsAg或HBcAb阳性且HBV DNA≥2000IU/mL)、活动性丙型肝炎(HCV抗体阳性且HCV RNA高于研究中心检测值下限)、HIV抗体阳性的患者;
6)在首次给药前1周内患有需要系统治疗的活动性细菌感染、真菌感染、病毒感染或间质性肺炎;
7)在首次给药前4周内接受过任何抗肿瘤治疗者;
8)在首次给药前4周内接受过其他临床研究药物治疗;
9)在首次给药前3个月内接受过重大手术(手术分级:3-4级手术,静脉输液港植入术除外),或者计划在研究期间进行重大手术者;
10)在过去6个月内出现血栓形成或栓塞事件,例如脑血管意外(包括短暂性脑缺血发作)、肺栓塞;
11)既往3年内患有其他恶性活动性肿瘤,已治愈的局部可治性癌症除外,例如基底或鳞状细胞皮肤癌、浅表膀胱癌或原位前列腺、宫颈或乳腺癌;
12)心脏功能异常,包括:
●长QTc综合征或QTc间期>480ms;
●完全性左束支传导阻滞,II度或III度房室传导阻滞;
●需要药物治疗的严重、未控制的心律失常;
●NYHA≥3级;
●心脏射血分数低于50%或低于研究中心实验室检查值范围下限;
●CTCAE>2级的心脏瓣膜病;
●不可控的高血压(定义为在药物控制情况下,多次测量收缩压>150mmHg或舒张压>90mmHg);
●在筛选前6个月内出现心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛、严重的心包疾病病史、有急性缺血性或活动性传导系异常的心电图证据。
13)曾接受过阿霉素或其他蒽环类治疗,且阿霉素累积剂量超过350mg/m 2(蒽环类等效剂量计算:1mg阿霉素=2mg表柔比星=2mg柔红霉素=0.5mg去甲氧柔红霉素=0.45mg米托蒽醌);
14)怀孕或哺乳期妇女;
15)患有任何严重的和/或不可控制的疾病,经研究者判定,可能影响患者参加本研究的其他疾病(包括但不限于,未得到有效控制的糖尿病、需要透析的肾脏疾病、严重的肝脏疾病、危及生命的自身免疫系统疾病和出血性疾病、药物滥用、神经系统疾病等);
16)其他研究者判定不适宜参加的情况。
(三)退出/终止标准
受试者在研究过程中出现以下任一情况是必须停止继续接受研究药物治疗的:
1)受试者出现无法耐受的毒性,研究者认为继续接受研究药物治疗风险大于获益
2)影像学评估的疾病进展
3)临床评估的疾病进展或出现重大方案违背,或受试者依从性差,经研究者判定认为继续接受研究药物治疗无法获益
4)受试者妊娠
5)死亡
6)满足退出研究标准中的任一项
所有退出治疗的受试者需继续按照研究计划进行后续的随访,除外停止治疗的原因为死亡,或满足下述任一项退出研究标准的受试者。
受试者有权在任何时间以任何原因退出研究。出现下列任一情况,受试者将退出研究流程:
1)失访;
2)受试者撤回知情同意书或受试者或家属要求退出试验
3)研究终止
4)其他
三、研究结果
按照RECIST 1.1标准评价受试者的疗效,按照CTCAE 5.0标准评价受试者发生的所有不良事件。
本申请的发明人使用米托蒽醌脂质体,药物通过静脉输注进入人体后有缓释、靶向、减毒、增效的作用,不仅剂量高于普通注射剂,且为单药治疗,既可以提高有效性,同时降低不良反应发生几率。
截止于2021年10月31日(本研究仍在继续),共入组47例受试者,其中铂难治病例13例,铂耐药病例34例。39例受试者至少接受一次疗效评价,整体ORR 17.9%(7/39),DCR 59.0%(23/39)。在铂耐药且既往接受治疗线数≥3线的受试者中,共24例至少接受一次疗效评价,ORR 29.2%(7/24),DCR 62.5(15/24)。所有受试者未见不可耐受的不良反应。
由目前的实验结果来看,本申请提供的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂能完善卵巢癌的治疗方案,为后续联合用药冲击一线、二线治疗打下基础。
实施例3盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液治疗晚期胃癌的临床研究
本实施例是一项单臂、开放性、多中心的Ⅰb期研究,纳入的受试者将接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液(PLM60)治疗,旨在评价盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液在晚期胃癌受试者中的安全性和有效性。
一、试验设计
1.试验流程
入组受试者均接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液单药治疗,给药剂量20mg/m 2,每3周给药一次(q3w)。本研究计划入组30-60例晚期胃癌受试者(男女不限)。在给药前28天完成筛选相关检查,并进行基线评估,确定入选/排除标准后入组给药。所有入组受试者最多接受8个周期治疗,当出现以下情况可中止治疗:疾病进展(PD)、不能耐受的毒性反应、死亡、研究者判定无法继续获益。第二周期后可接受延迟给药,但延迟不能超过3周;第二周期后可接受剂量调整,最低可降至12mg/m 2。给药后按照计划进行安全性评价、疗效评价。末次给药后28天进行随访。提前退出试验流程的受试者需尽量完成末次给药结束后的随访。治疗结束受试者进入随访期。除影像学评估的疾病进展、接受新的抗肿瘤治疗的受试者外,其他原因中止治疗的继续每6周进行一次肿瘤评估,直至疾病进展。当受试者出现影像学评估的疾病进展或开始了新的肿瘤治疗,则每6周进行一次生存随访。
每例受试者试验流程安排如下:筛选期、治疗期及随访期。
受试者签署知情同意书并在筛选期内完善所有基线检查后,符合入选条件的受试者将按照入组顺序,接受盐酸米托蒽醌注射液的治疗。所有受试者依据方案在治疗期的整个试验过程中完善方案规定的相关检查,以观察安全性。
2.研究持续时间
本研究包括筛选期4周(28天),治疗期最多8个周期(24周),末次安全随访,给药结束后4周(28天),随后每6周进行一次PFS随访,进展后每6周进行一次生存随访,预计每位患者持续时间约12个月。
本研究计划入组30-60例受试者,本研究整个周期预计24-36个月。
二、试验人群:
符合下列全部入选标准并且没有任一排除标准的受试者才可入选本项临床研究。
(一)入选标准:
受试者必须符合以下所有标准:
1)受试者自愿参加研究,并签署知情同意书;
2)年龄≥18周岁,男女不限;
3)经病理组织学确诊的,转移的晚期胃癌(包含胃食管交接部癌)受试者;
4)研究者评估适合接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液治疗的受试者;
5)基线至少存在一处符合RECIST 1.1定义的可测量病灶;
6)ECOG评分0-2;
7)预期生存时间≥3个月;
8)既往抗肿瘤治疗毒性恢复至≤1级(脱发、色素沉着或研究中认为对受试者无安全性风险的其他毒性除外);
9)受试者实验室检查数值符合以下要求:
●中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)≥1.5x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受G-CSF升白治疗);
●血红蛋白(Hb)≥9.0g/dL(实验室检查前1周内,未接受输注红细胞;2周内未接受促红细胞生成素的治疗);
●血小板≥75x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受输注血小板;2周内未接受促血小板生成素、白介素-11或其他升高血小板的药物治疗);
●肌酐≤1.5x ULN;
●总胆红素≤1.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤3x ULN);
●丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)/天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)≤2.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤5x ULN);
●白蛋白≥3.0g/dL;
●凝血功能:凝血酶原时间(PT)、国际标准化比值(INR)≤1.5x ULN;
10)女性受试者尿或血HCG阴性(绝经和子宫切除除外),育龄期女性受试者在试验期间和末次用药结束后6个月内采取有效的避孕措施(例如:联合激素(含雌激素和孕激素)结合抑制排卵、孕激素避孕结合抑制排卵、宫内节育器、宫内激素释放系统、双侧输卵管结扎术、输精管切除术、避免性行为等);
11)男性受试者及其伴侣同意采取第10条中所述的避孕措施之一;
12)受试者能够和研究者进行良好的沟通,并且理解和自愿遵守本项研究的各项要求者。
(二)排除标准:
符合以下任一标准的受试者均将从本试验中排除:
1)对米托蒽醌或脂质体有严重过敏;
2)脑或脑膜转移受试者;
3)胃癌可能适合进行根治性切除的患者;
4)有明显临床症状的胸腔、心包积液或腹腔积液受试者(筛选前1个月内接受过引流治疗,无明显临床症状,仅影像学显示少量积液者除外);
5)有明显临床症状,且需要进行干预的肠梗阻受试者;
6)在首次给药前3个月内发生过CTCAE 3-4级胃肠道出血;
7)既往异体器官移植或异体骨髓移植;
8)活动性乙型肝炎(HbsAg或HBcAb阳性且HBV DNA≥2000IU/mL)、活动性丙型肝炎(HCV抗体阳性且HCV RNA高于研究中心检测值下限)、HIV抗体阳性的患者;
9)在首次给药前1周内患有需要系统治疗的活动性细菌感染、真菌感染、病毒感染或间质性肺炎;
10)在首次给药前4周内接受过任何抗肿瘤治疗者;
11)在首次给药前4周内接受过其他临床研究药物治疗;
12)在首次给药前3个月内接受过重大手术(手术分级:3-4级手术,静脉输液港植入术除外),或者计划在研究期间进行重大手术者;
13)在过去6个月内出现血栓形成或栓塞事件,例如脑血管意外(包括短暂性脑缺血发作)、肺栓塞;
14)既往3年内患有其他恶性活动性肿瘤,已治愈的局部可治性癌症除外,例如基底或鳞状细胞皮肤癌、浅表膀胱癌或原位前列腺、宫颈或乳腺癌;
15)心脏功能异常,包括:
●长QTc综合征或QTc间期>480ms;
●完全性左束支传导阻滞,II度或III度房室传导阻滞;
●需要药物治疗的严重、未控制的心律失常;
●NYHA≥3级;
●心脏射血分数低于50%或低于研究中心实验室检查值范围下限;
●CTCAE>2级的心脏瓣膜病;
●不可控的高血压(定义为在药物控制情况下,多次测量收缩压>150mmHg或舒张压>90mmHg);
●在筛选前6个月内出现心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛、严重的心包疾病病史、有急性缺血性或活动性传导系异常的心电图证据。
16)曾接受过阿霉素或其他蒽环类治疗,且阿霉素累积剂量超过350mg/m 2(蒽环类等效 剂量计算:1mg阿霉素=2mg表柔比星=2mg柔红霉素=0.5mg去甲氧柔红霉素=0.45mg米托蒽醌);
17)怀孕或哺乳期妇女;
18)患有任何严重的和/或不可控制的疾病,经研究者判定,可能影响患者参加本研究的其他疾病(包括但不限于,未得到有效控制的糖尿病、需要透析的肾脏疾病、严重的肝脏疾病、危及生命的自身免疫系统疾病和出血性疾病、药物滥用、神经系统疾病等);
19)其他研究者判定不适宜参加的情况。
(三)退出/终止标准
受试者在研究过程中出现以下任一情况是必须停止继续接受研究药物治疗的:
1)受试者出现无法耐受的毒性,研究者认为继续接受研究药物治疗风险大于获益
2)影像学评估的疾病进展
3)临床评估的疾病进展或出现重大方案违背,或受试者依从性差,经研究者判定认为继续接受研究药物治疗无法获益
4)受试者妊娠
5)死亡
6)满足退出研究标准中的任意一项
所有退出治疗的受试者需继续按照研究计划进行后续的随访,除外停止治疗的原因为死亡,或满足下述任一项退出研究标准的受试者。
受试者有权在任何时间以任何原因退出研究。出现下列任一情况,受试者将退出研究流程:
1)失访;
2)受试者撤回知情同意或受试者或家属要求退出试验
3)研究终止
4)其他
三、研究结果
按照RECIST 1.1标准评价受试者的疗效,按照CTCAE 5.0标准评价受试者发生的所有不良事件。本申请的发明人预期使用米托蒽醌脂质体,药物通过静脉输注进入人体后有缓释、靶向、减毒、增效的作用,不仅剂量高于普通注射剂,且为单药治疗,既可以提高有效性,同时降低不良反应发生几率。
实施例4盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液治疗复发/转移性头颈鳞癌的临床研究
本实施例是一项单臂、开放性、多中心的Ⅰb期研究,纳入的受试者将接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液(PLM60)治疗,旨在评价盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液在复发/转移性头颈鳞癌受试者中的安全性和有效性。
一、试验设计
1.试验流程
入组受试者均接受盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液单药治疗,给药剂量20mg/m 2,每3周给药一次(q3w)。本研究计划入组不少于30例复发/转移性头颈鳞癌受试者(男女不限)。在给药前28天完成筛选相关检查,并进行基线评估,确定入选/排除标准后入组给药。所有入组受试者接受8个周期治疗,当出现以下情况可中止治疗:疾病进展(PD)、不能耐受的毒性反应、死亡、研究者判定无法继续获益。第二周期后可接受延迟给药,但延迟不能超过3周;第二周期后可接受剂量调整,最低可降至12mg/m 2。给药后按照计划进行安全性评价、疗效评价。末次给药后28天进行随访。提前退出试验流程的受试者需尽量完成末次给药结束后的随访。
治疗结束受试者进入随访期。除影像学评估的疾病进展、接受新的抗肿瘤治疗的受试者外,其他原因中止治疗的继续每6周进行一次肿瘤评估,直至疾病进展。当受试者出现影像学评估的疾病进展或开始了新的肿瘤治疗,则每6周进行一次生存随访。
每例受试者试验流程安排如下:筛选期、治疗期及随访期。
受试者签署知情同意书并在筛选期内完善所有基线检查后,符合入选条件的受试者将按照入组顺序,接受盐酸米托蒽醌注射液的治疗。所有受试者依据方案在治疗期的整个试验过程中完善方案规定的相关检查,以观察安全性。
2.研究持续时间
本研究包括筛选期4周(28天),治疗期8个周期(24周),末次安全随访,给药结束后4周(28天),随后每6周进行一次PFS随访,进展后每6周进行一次生存随访,预计每位患者持续时间约12个月。
本研究计划入组不少于30例受试者,本研究整个周期预计24-36个月。
二、试验人群:
符合下列全部入选标准并且没有任一排除标准的受试者才可入选本项临床研究。
(一)入选标准:
受试者必须符合以下所有标准:
1)受试者自愿参加研究,并签署知情同意书;
2)年龄≥18周岁,男女不限;
3)经病理组织学确诊的,头颈鳞癌(包括鼻咽癌);
4)至少经1线治疗失败的复发/转移性头颈鳞癌患者;
5)基线至少存在一处符合RECIST 1.1定义的可测量病灶;
6)ECOG评分0-1;
7)既往抗肿瘤治疗毒性恢复至≤1级(脱发、色素沉着或研究中认为对受试者无安全性风险的其他毒性除外);
8)受试者实验室检查数值符合以下要求:
●中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)≥1.5x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受G-CSF升白治疗);
●血红蛋白(Hb)≥8.0g/dL(实验室检查前3个月内,未接受输注红细胞或促红细胞生成素治疗);
●血小板≥75x10 9/L(实验室检查前1周内,未接受输注血小板、促血小板生成素、白介素-11或其他升高血小板的药物治疗);
●肌酐≤1.5x ULN;
●总胆红素≤1.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤3x ULN);
●丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)/天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)≤2.5x ULN(对肝转移患者,≤5x ULN);
●白蛋白≥3.0g/dL;
●凝血功能:凝血酶原时间(PT)、国际标准化比值(INR)≤1.5x ULN;
9)女性受试者尿或血HCG阴性(绝经和子宫切除除外),育龄期女性受试者在试验期间和末次用药结束后6个月内采取有效的避孕措施(例如:联合激素(含雌激素和孕激素)结合抑制排卵、孕激素避孕结合抑制排卵、宫内节育器、宫内激素释放系统、双侧输卵管结扎术、输精管切除术、避免性行为等);
10)男性受试者及其伴侣同意采取第9条中所述的避孕措施之一;
(二)排除标准:
符合以下任一标准的受试者均将从本试验中排除:
1)对米托蒽醌或脂质体有严重过敏;
2)脑或脑膜转移受试者;
3)既往异体器官移植或异体骨髓移植;
4)预计生存时间<3个月;
5)活动性乙型肝炎(HbsAg或HBcAb阳性且HBV DNA≥2000IU/mL)、活动性丙型肝炎 (HCV抗体阳性且HCV RNA高于研究中心检测值下限)、HIV抗体阳性的患者;
6)在首次给药前1周内患有需要系统治疗的活动性细菌感染、真菌感染、病毒感染或间质性肺炎;
7)在首次给药前4周内接受过任何抗肿瘤治疗者;
8)在首次给药前4周内接受过其他临床研究药物治疗;
9)在首次给药前3个月内接受过重大手术,或者计划在研究期间进行重大手术者;
10)在过去6个月内出现血栓形成或栓塞事件,例如脑血管意外(包括短暂性脑缺血发作)、肺栓塞;
11)既往3年内患有其他恶性活动性肿瘤,已治愈的局部可治性癌症除外,例如基底或鳞状细胞皮肤癌、浅表膀胱癌或原位前列腺、宫颈或乳腺癌;
12)心脏功能异常,包括:
●长QTc综合征或QTc间期>480ms;
●完全性左束支传导阻滞,II度或III度房室传导阻滞;
●需要药物治疗的严重、未控制的心律失常;
●慢性充血性心力衰竭病史,且NYHA≥3级;
●既往心脏射血分数低于50%或低于研究中心实验室检查值范围下限;
●CTCAE>2级的心脏瓣膜病;
●不可控的高血压(定义为在药物控制情况下,测量收缩压>150mmHg或舒张压>90mmHg);
●在筛选前6个月内出现心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛、严重的心包疾病病史、有急性缺血性或活动性传导系异常的心电图证据。
13)曾接受过阿霉素或其他蒽环类治疗,且阿霉素累积剂量超过350mg/m 2(蒽环类等效剂量计算:1mg阿霉素=2mg表柔比星=2mg柔红霉素=0.5mg去甲氧柔红霉素=0.45mg米托蒽醌);
14)怀孕或哺乳期妇女;
15)患有任何严重的和/或不可控制的疾病,经研究者判定,可能影响患者参加本研究的其他疾病(包括但不限于,未得到有效控制的糖尿病、需要透析的肾脏疾病、严重的肝脏疾病、危及生命的自身免疫系统疾病和出血性疾病、药物滥用、神经系统疾病等);
16)其他研究者判定不适宜参加的情况。
(三)退出/终止标准
受试者在研究过程中出现以下任一情况是必须停止继续接受研究药物治疗的:
1)受试者出现无法耐受的毒性,研究者认为继续接受研究药物治疗风险大于获益
2)影像学评估的疾病进展
3)临床评估的疾病进展或出现重大方案违背,或受试者依从性差,经研究者判定认为继续接受研究药物治疗无法获益
4)受试者妊娠
5)死亡
6)满足退出研究标准中的任一一项
所有退出治疗的受试者需继续按照研究计划进行后续的随访,除外停止治疗的原因为死亡,或满足下述任一项退出研究标准的受试者。
受试者有权在任何时间以任何原因退出研究。出现下列任一情况,受试者将退出研究流程:
1)失访;
2)受试者撤回知情同意或受试者或家属要求退出试验
3)研究终止
4)其他
三、研究结果
按照RECIST 1.1标准评价受试者的疗效,按照CTCAE 5.0标准评价受试者发生的所有不良事件。
本申请的发明人预期使用米托蒽醌脂质体,药物通过静脉输注进入人体后有缓释、靶向、减毒、增效的作用,不仅剂量高于普通注射剂,且为单药治疗,既可以提高有效性,同时降低不良反应发生几率。
截止于2021年11月5日(本研究仍在继续),已入组34例受试者,其中鼻咽癌23例,非鼻咽癌11例(舌癌5例、下咽癌2例、扁桃体癌2例、喉癌与牙龈癌各1例),均给予盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体注射液20mg/m 2,每3周给药一次(q3w);每2周期给药后进行一次疗效评效。19例受试者接受过至少1次疗效评价(包括18例鼻咽癌受试者和1例非鼻咽癌(下咽癌)受试者)。疗效分析结果如下:整体ORR为42.1%(8/19),DCR为78.9%(15/19);鼻咽癌ORR为38.8%(7/18),DCR为77.8%(14/18);1例下咽癌疗效评价为PR。所有受试者未见不可耐受的不良反应。
由目前的实验结果来看,本申请提供的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体制剂有希望填补头颈鳞癌二线治疗的空白,为后续联合用药冲击一线治疗打下基础。
以上描述地仅是优选实施方案,其只作为示例而不限制实施本申请所必需特征的组合。所提供的标题并不意指限制本申请的多种实施方案。术语例如“包含”、“含”和“包括”不意在限制。此外,除非另有说明,没有数词修饰时包括复数形式,以及“或”、“或者”意指“和/或”。除非本文另有定义,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语的意思与本领域技术人员通常理解的相同。本申请中提及的所有公开物和专利通过引用方式并入本文。不脱离本申请的范围和精神,本申请的所描述的方法和组合物的多种修饰和变体对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。虽然通过具体的优选实施方案描述了本申请,但是应该理解所要求保护的本申请不应该被不适当地局限于这些具体实施方案。事实上,那些对于相关领域技术人员而言显而易见的用于实施本申请的所描述的模式的多种变体意在包括在随附的权利要求的范围内。

Claims (33)

  1. 盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在制备用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的药物中的用途。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为所述药物中的唯一活性成分。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的用途,其中所述药物或所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
    (i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
    (ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
    (iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
    (iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的用途,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用途,其中所述卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用途,其中所述胃癌为晚期胃癌。
  7. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用途,其中所述头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌;和/或
    其中所述头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的用途,其中所述药物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的用途,其中所述药物为液体注射剂。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的用途,其中以米托蒽醌计,所述药物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
  11. 治疗个体中的卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌的方法,所述方法包括给予所述个体包含治疗有效量的盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的药物组合物。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为所述药物组合物中的唯一活性成分。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法,其中所述药物组合物或所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
    (i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
    (ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
    (iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
    (iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇 2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
  14. 如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
  15. 如权利要求11-14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
  16. 如权利要求11-14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述胃癌为晚期胃癌。
  17. 如权利要求11-14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌;和/或
    其中所述头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
  18. 如权利要求11-17中任一项所述的方法,其中所述药物组合物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述药物组合物为液体注射剂。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的方法,其中以米托蒽醌计,所述药物组合物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
  21. 如权利要求11-20中任一项所述的方法,其中通过静脉给药方式给予所述药物组合物;例如,在每次静脉给药中,所述药物组合物的滴注给药时间为30min-120min,例如60min-120min或60±15min。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的方法,其中给药周期为每4周或3周给药一次,例如每3周给药一次。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法,其中以米托蒽醌计,所述治疗有效量为8-30mg/m 2,例如12-20mg/m 2或20mg/m 2
  24. 包含盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的药物组合物,所述药物组合物用于治疗卵巢癌、胃癌或头颈鳞癌。
  25. 如权利要求24所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体作为所述药物组合物中的唯一活性成分。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述药物组合物或所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体具有以下一项或多项性质:
    (i)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的粒径为约30-80nm,例如约35-75nm、约40-70nm、约40-60nm或约60nm;
    (ii)盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价反离子(例如硫酸根、柠檬酸根或磷酸根)形成难以溶解的沉淀;
    (iii)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有相转变温度(Tm)高于体温的磷脂,从而脂质体的相转变温度高于体温,例如,所述磷脂选自氢化大豆卵磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、氢化蛋黄卵磷脂、双软脂酸卵磷脂、双硬脂酸卵磷脂或者以上的任何组合;
    (iv)盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(DSPE-PEG2000)。
  27. 如权利要求24-26中任一项所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体中的磷脂双分子层含有质量比为约3:1:1的氢化大豆卵磷脂、胆固醇和聚乙二醇2000修饰的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺,盐酸米托蒽醌与脂质体内的多价酸根离子形成难以溶解的沉淀,并且所述盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体在所述药物中的粒径为约60nm。
  28. 如权利要求24-27中任一项所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述卵巢癌为铂难治或铂耐药复发卵巢癌。
  29. 如权利要求24-27中任一项所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述胃癌为晚期胃癌。
  30. 如权利要求24-27中任一项所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述头颈鳞癌为发生在鼻腔、鼻窦、鼻咽、口咽、喉咽、颈段食管、甲状腺、涎腺、口腔、喉和/或耳的鳞癌;和/或
    其中所述头颈鳞癌为经一线治疗失败的复发或转移性头颈鳞癌,例如,所述一线治疗为顺铂/卡铂联合5-FU或紫杉醇类药物,任选地进一步联合西妥昔单抗。
  31. 如权利要求24-30中任一项所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述药物组合物为注射剂型,例如液体注射剂、注射用粉剂或注射用片剂。
  32. 如权利要求31所述用途的药物组合物,其中所述药物组合物为液体注射剂。
  33. 如权利要求32所述用途的药物组合物,其中以米托蒽醌计,所述药物组合物的活性成分含量为0.5-5mg/ml,例如1-2mg/ml或1mg/ml。
PCT/CN2021/137728 2020-12-15 2021-12-14 盐酸米托蒽醌脂质体的用途 WO2022127760A1 (zh)

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