WO2022123767A1 - エレベータ用音響システム - Google Patents
エレベータ用音響システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022123767A1 WO2022123767A1 PCT/JP2020/046271 JP2020046271W WO2022123767A1 WO 2022123767 A1 WO2022123767 A1 WO 2022123767A1 JP 2020046271 W JP2020046271 W JP 2020046271W WO 2022123767 A1 WO2022123767 A1 WO 2022123767A1
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- car
- sound
- detection unit
- elevator
- field control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B3/00—Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions of elevators
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to an elevator sound system for radiating sound to a space inside an elevator car.
- the conventional elevator car is equipped with a speaker for voice guidance to the users in the car.
- an intercom is installed in the car for the user to talk to an outside person in an emergency.
- These speakers and intercoms are installed, for example, on the car operation panel or the car ceiling.
- the BGM reproduction device is electrically connected to the elevator control device, and a button information signal indicating a user's button operation is input from the elevator control device.
- the BGM reproduction device controls the reproduction of the BGM based on the button information signal from the elevator control device. Specifically, when the user wants to hear the BGM being played from the beginning while the elevator is running, the BGM can be played from the beginning by pressing the door open button once. .. Also, if the user wants to skip the BGM that he / she does not like and listen to the next BGM, he / she can play the next BGM from the beginning by pressing the door close button once while the elevator is running. Can be done. If the user does not want to hear the BGM being played, the playback can be stopped by pressing the door open button twice or more in succession while the elevator is running.
- the space inside the elevator car is required to maintain a certain degree of airtightness and tranquility.
- a special narrow closed space which is different from a normal living space, such as the space inside an elevator car, the user cannot keep talking with strangers.
- many users have "awkwardness” and “discomfort”, and stress caused by them is generated.
- the BGM reproduction device has a configuration in which a button information signal is acquired from the elevator control device. Therefore, when installing the BGM reproduction device, it is necessary to electrically connect the BGM reproduction device and the elevator control device by a signal line. Since the wiring work of the signal line is complicated and requires the technical knowledge of the worker, there is a problem that it is practically difficult to mount the BGM reproduction device on the existing elevator.
- Patent Document 1 since the volume at the time of reproducing the BGM is constant, the BGM is reproduced at the same volume even when the elevator is stopped at the stop floor and the user is getting on and off. Therefore, important voice announcements to the user and the BGM may be incurred, and the user may miss the necessary information. In addition, there is a problem that the reproduced sound of BGM is also radiated to the landing on the stop floor, and the sound radiation becomes noise for people who do not use the elevator.
- This disclosure was made in order to solve such a problem, and it is possible to provide acoustic content that is easy to install, does not adversely affect the voice announcement to the user, and reduces the stress of the user.
- the purpose is to obtain an elevator sound system.
- the acoustic system for an elevator is a speaker system arranged on the ceiling of the internal space of the elevator car, a storage unit for storing the acoustic content radiated from the speaker system, and the acoustic content are reproduced.
- the sound field is provided with a sound field control unit for radiating the acoustic content from the speaker system to the internal space of the car, and a detection unit provided in the car and detecting a physical quantity indicating a running state of the car.
- the control unit determines the running state of the car based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit, and adjusts the sound pressure level of the acoustic content according to the running state of the car.
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is adjusted according to the running state of the car based on the detection result of the detection unit, so that information from the outside is not required and the installation work is easy. Moreover, it is possible to provide acoustic content that reduces the stress of the user without adversely affecting the voice announcement to the user.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the elevator 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of the internal space of the car 5 of the elevator 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the additional sound to be inserted into the acoustic content for each season, and for each life time zone.
- It is a front view which shows the structure of the acoustic system 13 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a top view which shows the arrangement of the speaker cabinet 20 of the acoustic system 13 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a side view which shows an example of the structure of the speaker cabinet 20 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 20 It is a front view which shows the structure of the speaker cabinet 20 of FIG. It is a side view which shows the structure of the modification of the speaker cabinet 20 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a front view which shows the structure of the speaker cabinet 20 of FIG. It is a front view schematically showing the structure of the modification of the acoustic system 13 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a top view schematically showing the structure of the further modification of the acoustic system 13 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a front view which shows the arrangement position of the detection part 21d. It is a top view which shows the arrangement position of the detection part 21d. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the detection part 21d.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of the vibrating film 211a when the car 5 is lowered. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the output voltage of the detection part 21d when the car 5 is descending, and the traveling speed of a car 5. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the change of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content when the car 5 descends, and the output voltage of the detection part 21d. It is a figure which shows the threshold value set with respect to the output voltage of the detection part 21d. It is a figure which shows the threshold value set with respect to the output voltage of the detection part 21d. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification of the acoustic system 13 which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the detection result when the detection part 21d is a barometric pressure sensor, and the sound pressure level of an acoustic content.
- Embodiment 1 The elevator acoustic system according to the first embodiment is applied to a space in an elevator car that is required to maintain a certain degree of airtightness and quietness.
- the space inside the elevator car is a space where two or more people can exist, and it has a structure in which the doorway is closed, and as a general rule, people who are inside cannot go out for a certain period of time. It is a space.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the elevator 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the elevator 1 is installed in the building, and the car 5 ascends or descends in the hoistway 2.
- a hoisting machine 3 is provided on the upper part of the hoistway 2.
- a main rope 4 is hung on the sheave 3a provided on the hoisting machine 3.
- a basket 5 and a counterweight 6 are connected to both ends of the main rope 4, respectively.
- the basket 5 and the counterweight weight 6 are suspended by a main rope 4 from a sheave 3a in a hanging manner.
- an elevator control panel 7 is installed on the upper part of the hoistway 2.
- the elevator control panel 7 is connected to the hoisting machine 3 via a communication line and is connected to the car 5 via a control cable 8.
- the control cable 8 transmits electric power and a control signal to the car 5.
- the control cable 8 is also called a tail code.
- the elevator 1 is composed of a hoist 3, a main rope 4, a car 5, a balance weight 6, an elevator control panel 7, and a car control device 9 described later.
- the basket 5 is composed of a floor plate 5b, a ceiling plate 5c, and four side plates 5a forming a periphery between the floor plate 5b and the ceiling plate 5c.
- the four side plates 5a are arranged on the right side, the left side, the front side, and the rear side of the car 5, respectively.
- a car door 5d is installed on the front side plate 5a of the four side plates 5a. When the car 5 stops at the landing on each floor of the building, the car door 5d engages with the landing door (not shown) installed in the landing to open and close the door.
- a car control device 9 and a sound field control device 21 are installed on the upper surface of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5.
- the car control device 9 controls the operation of each device provided in the car 5.
- Examples of the device provided in the car 5 include a car door 5d, a lighting device 5e (see FIG. 2), a car operation panel 5f (see FIG. 2), and the like.
- the sound field control device 21 controls the overall operation of the elevator sound system 13 (see FIG. 4), which will be described later, so as to form a three-dimensional sound field 27 (see FIG. 4) in the entire internal space of the car 5. conduct.
- the elevator sound system 13 is simply referred to as a sound system 13.
- a suspended ceiling 10 is fixed to the lower surface of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5.
- the suspended ceiling 10 is located in the internal space of the car 5.
- the suspended ceiling 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the suspended ceiling 10 has four side surfaces 10a and a lower surface 10b (see FIG. 2).
- the upper part of the suspended ceiling 10 is open, but not limited to this case, the suspended ceiling 10 may further have an upper surface arranged so as to face the lower surface 10b.
- a lighting device 5e see FIG. 2
- an emergency speaker 5g see FIG. 2
- a speaker system 22 of the acoustic system 13 see FIG. 4
- the sound field control device 21 is installed on the upper surface of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5 as shown in FIG. 1, but the sound field control device 21 is also installed together with the speaker system 22. It may be arranged in the internal space of the suspended ceiling 10. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, there is a gap 11 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) having a constant distance D between the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10 and the side plate 5a of the car 5.
- the constant distance D is referred to as a first distance D.
- the elevator 1 is a rope type elevator is shown, but the case is not limited to this case.
- the elevator 1 may be another type of elevator, for example, a linear elevator.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state of the internal space of the car 5 of the elevator 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the internal space of the car 5 is surrounded by four side plates 5a, a floor plate 5b, and a lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the internal space of the car 5 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape except for the portion of the gap 11.
- the floor plate 5b has a rectangular flat surface installed in the horizontal direction.
- Each side plate 5a has a rectangular flat surface installed in the vertical direction.
- the vertical direction is, for example, a vertical direction.
- the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 is arranged so as to face the floor plate 5b.
- the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 is formed of a rectangular plane installed in the horizontal direction.
- a lighting device 5e is provided on the suspended ceiling 10.
- the main body of the lighting device 5e is installed in the internal space of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the lighting device 5e is, for example, an LED lighting device.
- the irradiation surface 5ea of the lighting device 5e faces the floor plate 5b.
- the lighting device 5e illuminates the internal space of the car 5 with the light emitted from the irradiation surface 5ea.
- the suspended ceiling 10 is provided with an emergency speaker 5g for transmitting an emergency communication from the management room of the building.
- the emergency speaker 5g may be used not only for emergency communication but also for making a voice announcement to the user such as "the door will close".
- the front side plate 5a of the four side plates 5a is provided with the car door 5d. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the front side plate 5a is provided with a car operation panel 5f.
- the car operation panel 5f is provided with a plurality of car call registration buttons provided corresponding to each floor and a door opening / closing button for controlling the opening / closing operation of the car door 5d.
- the car call registration button and the door open / close button are operated by the user.
- the car operation panel 5f is provided with an intercom device 5h for the user to communicate with the outside in an emergency or the like.
- the car control device 9 is connected to the elevator control panel 7 via, for example, a control cable 8 (see FIG. 1).
- the car control device 9 has an input unit 9a, a control unit 9b, an output unit 9c, and a storage unit 9d.
- the input unit 9a inputs a control signal from the elevator control panel 7 to the control unit 9b.
- the control unit 9b controls the operation of each device provided in the car 5 based on the control signal.
- the output unit 9c outputs a drive signal to each device provided in the car 5 under the control of the control unit 9b.
- the output unit 9c transmits a signal such as a car call registration input from the user to the car operation panel 5f to the elevator control panel 7 under the control of the control unit 9b.
- the elevator control panel 7 performs processing such as registration of the destination floor based on the signal, and operates the elevator 1.
- the storage unit 9d stores the calculation result of the control unit 9b, various data and programs used in the control of the control unit 9b, and the like.
- the sound field control device 21 is one of the components of the acoustic system 13.
- the sound field control device 21 and the speaker system 22 (see FIG. 4) described later constitute an acoustic system 13.
- the sound field control device 21 and the speaker system 22 are not electrically connected to the car control device 9 and the elevator control panel 7.
- the car control device 9 and the elevator control panel 7 are operating systems for operating the elevator 1.
- the acoustic system 13 is an independent device for the operating system that operates the elevator 1, and does not require wiring work with the operating system, so that it can be easily installed in the existing elevator 1. be.
- the sound field control device 21 has a sound field control unit 21a, an output unit 21b, a storage unit 21c, and a detection unit 21d. Further, the sound field control device 21 further has a timer unit 21e, if necessary.
- the sound field control unit 21a controls the operation of the entire acoustic system 13 so as to form a three-dimensional high-quality sound field 27 (see FIG. 4) in the entire internal space of the car 5. Under the control of the sound field control unit 21a, an acoustic signal based on the acoustic content is radiated in the sound field 27.
- the output unit 21b transmits the drive signal and the reproduction data of the acoustic content to the speaker cabinet 20 under the control of the sound field control unit 21a.
- the storage unit 21c stores one or more acoustic contents in advance.
- the storage unit 21c further stores the calculation result of the sound field control unit 21a, various data and programs used for controlling the sound field control unit 21a, and the like.
- the detection unit 21d detects a physical quantity indicating the running state and the stopped state of the car 5 of the elevator 1.
- the physical quantity is, for example, the traveling speed of the car 5, the acceleration of the car 5, the vibration of the car 5, or the atmospheric pressure received by the car 5.
- the detection unit 21d transmits the detected physical quantity to the sound field control unit 21a.
- the sound field control unit 21a increases or decreases the sound pressure level that radiates the acoustic content based on the received physical quantity. Specifically, the sound field control unit 21a gradually increases the sound pressure level when the car 5 starts running and accelerates, and when the car 5 approaches the stop floor and decelerates. Gradually reduce the sound pressure level.
- the sound pressure level means the volume.
- the timer unit 21e counts the current date and time.
- the timer unit 21e has the data of the month and day in the annual calendar and the data of the time.
- the sound field control unit 21a may acquire date and time data indicating the current date and time from the timer unit 21e, and may switch the acoustic content according to the season and the living time zone based on the date and time data.
- the acoustic content is generated by, for example, an externally installed acoustic content generation device 40, and is stored in advance in the storage unit 21c of the sound field control device 21.
- the acoustic content may be commercially available music stored in a CD, DVD, USB memory, or the like.
- the sound field control device 21 has an optical drive such as a CD drive or a USB connector, if necessary.
- the acoustic content according to the first embodiment includes music generated by the dedicated acoustic content generation device 40, music generally available on the market, and the like. Acoustic content thus means data in which various forms of "sound" are stored in any format.
- the acoustic content generation device 40 When the acoustic content generation device 40 generates acoustic content, for example, the acoustic content is generated by combining sounds from a plurality of sound sources generated in the natural world.
- the acoustic content generation device 40 has a signal processing unit 40b that performs signal processing on the acoustic content.
- the signal processing unit 40b performs one or more signal processing as necessary when generating acoustic content by combining sounds from a plurality of sound sources generated in the natural world.
- the timing of signal processing may be before or after combining the sounds.
- the signal processing may be performed after combining the sounds from a plurality of sound sources, or conversely, the sounds after the signal processing may be combined after the sounds from the plurality of sound sources have been signal-processed.
- Examples of signal processing include a plurality of processes such as sound pressure level adjustment and phase control process. Phase control processing includes pan processing, stereo expansion processing, and the like.
- the acoustic content generation device 40 has an output unit 40a, a storage unit 40c, and an input unit 40d. Sound data from a sound source generated in the natural world is input to the input unit 40d. The sound data may be created based on data actually recorded in the natural world, or may be artificially created pseudo data.
- the output unit 40a outputs the generated acoustic content.
- the storage unit 40c stores the calculation result of the signal processing unit 40b, various data and programs used for controlling the signal processing unit 40b, and the like.
- Acoustic content that uses the sounds of the natural world includes seasons such as spring, summer, autumn, and winter that anyone living in Japan can experience, and living hours such as dawn, daytime, evening, and night. It may be configured so that it can be felt from the sound. As a result, the user can obtain a sense of time zone and a sense of season from the "sound" even if the space in the car 5 where the external environment cannot be seen is used.
- the acoustic content does not have a feeling of noise, and the content structure eliminates unpleasant factors such as noise so as not to obtain an auditory discomfort.
- the acoustic content is composed of a composite combination of a sound source type, a time zone, and a frequency band, such as a wind or a river flow and a bird's voice, which naturally occur in the natural world.
- the storage unit 21c may store a plurality of acoustic contents for each season and each life time zone.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of additional sound to be inserted into the acoustic content for each season and each living time zone. As shown in FIG. 3, the type of organism used for the additional sound is changed for each season and each time zone.
- the background sound flowing through the acoustic content is, for example, the sound of trees swaying in the wind, the sound of water flowing in a river or the sea, and the like.
- a plurality of acoustic contents generated by adding the additional sound shown in FIG. 3 to those background sounds are stored in the storage unit 21c.
- the sound field control unit 21a acquires the date and time data indicating the current date and time from the timer unit 21e, selects the acoustic content of the music corresponding to the actual season and the living time zone, and reproduces the sound. You can switch the content.
- a plurality of acoustic contents may be prepared for each season and each living time zone, and the acoustic contents may be switched according to the actual season and the living time zone.
- a feeling of excitement can be obtained, and riding in the car 5 of the elevator 1 may be one of the pleasures. In this way, by switching the acoustic content, it is possible to further reduce the stress of the user.
- the processing circuit is composed of dedicated hardware or a processor.
- the dedicated hardware is, for example, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- the processor executes a program stored in memory.
- the storage unit 9d is composed of a memory.
- the memory is a non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as RAM (RandomAccessMemory), ROM (ReadOnlyMemory), flash memory, EPROM (ErasableProgrammableROM), or a disk such as a magnetic disk, flexible disk, or optical disk. be.
- the processing circuit is composed of dedicated hardware or a processor. Since the dedicated hardware and processor may be the same as above, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the storage unit 40c is composed of a memory. Since the memory may be the same as above, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the processing circuit is composed of dedicated hardware or a processor. Since the dedicated hardware and processor may be the same as above, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the storage unit 21c is composed of a memory. Since the memory may be the same as above, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the detection unit 21d of the sound field control device 21 is composed of a sensor.
- the sensors include the following. -Accelerometer that can detect acceleration in one or more directions. -A speed sensor capable of speed detection. -A barometric pressure sensor that can detect changes in barometric pressure.
- the constituent materials of these sensors are not particularly limited, and any of an electronic type, a piezoelectric type, a pyroelectric type, and the like may be used as the sensing method.
- the detection unit 21d detects a physical quantity indicating the running state of the car 5 of the elevator 1.
- the physical quantity includes acceleration or speed in the traveling direction of the car 5, vibration of the car 5, or a change in atmospheric pressure received by the car 5 when the car 5 rises or falls.
- the sound field control unit 21a can determine the traveling state of the car 5 of the elevator 1 based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit 21d.
- the traveling state also includes a stopped state in which the car 5 is stopped.
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of the acoustic system 13 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a top view showing the arrangement of the speaker cabinet 20 of the acoustic system 13 according to the first embodiment.
- the height direction of the car 5 is the Y direction
- the width direction of the car 5 is the X direction
- the depth direction of the car 5 is the Z direction.
- the Y direction is, for example, a vertical direction.
- the X direction is the left-right direction of the car 5
- the Z direction is the front-back direction of the car 5.
- the acoustic system 13 is composed of a speaker system 22 arranged on the ceiling of the space in the car 5 and a sound field control device 21.
- each speaker cabinet 20 is installed, for example, in the internal space of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the speaker system 22 includes one or more speaker cabinets 20. Further, each speaker cabinet 20 is equipped with one or more speaker units 23.
- the sound system 13 forms a sound field 27 and radiates sound to the user of the car 5.
- the speaker system 22 performs monaural reproduction or stereo reproduction, and creates a sound field environment in the space in the car 5. As a result, it is possible to give a "comfort" to the auditory sensibility of the user in the internal space of the car 5. As a result, it is possible to reduce unpleasant factors such as stress when staying in a narrow space.
- the monaural signal is reproduced by two or more speaker units 23, at least one of the following two signal processes is performed on the audio signal on at least one channel side.
- a frequency filter that performs band processing of 1/3 octave or more is applied to the frequency band of the audio signal, particularly 800 Hz or more.
- the sound image movement processing is performed so that the phase of all bands or arbitrary bands of the audio signal is set between 0 degrees and 180 degrees. Then, by simultaneously radiating the audio signal that has undergone signal processing and the audio signal that has not undergone signal processing from two or more speaker units 23, a wide sound field feeling is provided to the user. Can be done.
- the number of speaker cabinets 20 included in the speaker system 22 is two will be described as an example.
- the number of speaker cabinets 20 is not limited to this, and may be any number of 1 or more.
- the number of speaker units 23 mounted on the speaker cabinet 20 is preferably two or more, but one may be used.
- the number of speaker cabinets 20 is two or more, or the number of speaker units 23 is two or more, sound radiation from a plurality of directions can be realized in the space inside the car 5, and two-channel reproduction or more can be realized.
- the sound field 27 can be formed.
- FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of the configuration of the speaker cabinet 20 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a front view showing the configuration of the speaker cabinet 20 of FIG.
- the speaker cabinet 20 is composed of a speaker unit 23 and a housing 25.
- the speaker unit 23 is housed in the housing 25.
- the speaker unit 23 is provided on the front surface 25a of the housing 25, and has a radiation surface 23a that radiates sound toward the outside.
- the housing 25 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the housing 25 is a sealing device having a hollow inside.
- the radial surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is fitted into an installation hole provided in the front surface 25a of the housing 25, and is exposed to the outside from the installation hole.
- All the other parts of the speaker unit 23 are installed in the housing 25. Therefore, the sound from the radiating surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is radiated only in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 6 and is not radiated to the outside through other parts of the housing 25 other than the radiating surface 23a.
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing the configuration of a modified example of the speaker cabinet 20 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a front view showing the configuration of the speaker cabinet 20 of FIG.
- the speaker cabinet 20 may accommodate two or more speaker units 23 in the housing 25.
- the two or more speaker units 23 may all be of the same type, or may be of different types.
- one speaker unit 23-1 may be a full-range speaker
- the other speaker unit 23-2 may be a tweeter.
- a full-range speaker is one that reproduces from low to high frequencies with one speaker.
- the speaker unit 23 is a full-range speaker.
- a tweeter is a low-frequency speaker used as an auxiliary to a full-range speaker. It is difficult to reproduce from low to high frequencies with one speaker, and it is assumed that the sound quality will be insufficient. In such cases, tweeters are used to make up for it.
- the two or more speaker units 23 arranged in the housing 25 those of different types may be used, or those of the same type may be used. However, it is desirable that one speaker is a full-range speaker and the other speaker is a low-frequency speaker or a high-frequency speaker that is used as an auxiliary to the full-range speaker. In that case, it is possible to deal with a wide frequency band from a low frequency band to a high frequency band, and it is possible to emit sound for each fine frequency band.
- the speaker cabinet 20 is arranged in the internal space of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the height of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Y direction (height direction of the car 5) is, for example, about 5 cm. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the height H1 of the housing 25 of the speaker cabinet 20 in the Y direction (height direction of the car 5) is 5 cm or less. As described above, the height H1 of the housing 25 is limited by the height of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Y direction (the height direction of the car 5).
- the radial surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is arranged so as to face the side plate 5a of the car 5.
- the radial surface 23a is arranged along the edge of the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the radial surface 23a is located in the same plane as the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10. Therefore, the position of the radial surface 23a in the X direction (the width direction of the car 5) coincides with or substantially coincides with the position of the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10 in the X direction.
- An opening is provided on the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10 in accordance with the position of the radial surface 23a.
- the entire side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10 may be in an open state. Therefore, the sound radiated from the radiating surface 23a is not shielded by the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the first distance D is about 5 cm.
- the first distance D varies depending on the model of the elevator 1, but is appropriately set in the range of 2 cm to 20 cm, and preferably set appropriately in the range of 3 cm to 10 cm.
- the sound radiated from the radiating surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is radiated in the direction of arrow A. After that, the sound is reflected by the side plate 5a of the car 5 to become a reflected sound. The reflected sound travels in the direction of arrow B, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the speaker unit 23 uses the reflection of the side plate 5a of the car 5 to perform "indirect sound radiation" to radiate sound to the user.
- the radial surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is arranged so as to face the side plate 5a of the car 5 and close to the side plate 5a of the car 5 via the gap 11 having the first distance D.
- the first distance D is, for example, about 5 cm. Therefore, the sound radiated from the radiation surface 23a of the speaker unit 23 is reflected by the side plate 5a of the car 5 immediately after the radiation before the sound pressure level drops.
- the speaker cabinet 20 is arranged behind the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Z direction (the depth direction of the car 5).
- the position of the speaker cabinet 20 in the Z direction is not limited to this, and may be installed in the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Z direction, or installed in front of the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Z direction. May be done.
- the speaker cabinet 20 is arranged in the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Y direction (height direction of the car 5).
- the position of the speaker cabinet 20 in the Y direction is not limited to this, and may be above the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Y direction or below the central portion.
- the speaker unit 23 provided in one of the speaker cabinets 20 is referred to as a speaker unit 23R.
- the speaker unit 23 provided in the speaker cabinet 20 is referred to as a speaker unit 23L.
- the speaker unit 23R and the speaker unit 23L are arranged apart from each other.
- the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23R and the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23L are arranged apart from each other by a certain distance about the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the X direction. There is. The distance is called the second distance D2.
- the second distance D2 is determined from the dimensions of the car 5 in the X direction, the first distance D, and the dimensions of the housing 25 in the X direction.
- the speaker unit 23R and the speaker unit 23L are arranged so that their back surfaces face each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the radial surface 23a of the speaker unit 23R is arranged so as to face the side plate 5a on the right side of the car 5. On the other hand, the radial surface 23a of the speaker unit 23L is arranged so as to face the side plate 5a on the left side of the car 5. Each of the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R and 23L is arranged facing the gap 11. Each of the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R and 23L is arranged in the same plane as the left and right side surfaces 10a of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the sound radiated from the speaker unit 23R mainly reaches the right ear of the user
- the sound radiated from the speaker unit 23L mainly reaches the left ear of the user.
- the sound radiated from the speaker unit 23R will be referred to as “right side sound”
- the sound radiated from the speaker unit 23L will be referred to as “left side sound”.
- FIG. 10 is a front view schematically showing a configuration of a modified example of the acoustic system 13 according to the first embodiment.
- the two speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 are provided so as to face the floor plate 5b of the car 5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 are arranged so as to face the floor plate 5b of the car 5.
- the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23R-1 and the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23L-1 are separated from each other by a certain distance from the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the X direction. Have been placed. The constant distance is called a third distance D3.
- the third distance D3 may be the same as or different from the second distance D2 shown in FIG.
- each of the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 is arranged in the same plane as the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10. Therefore, the position of each radial surface 23a in the Y direction (the height direction of the car 5) coincides with or substantially coincides with the position of the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Y direction. Further, the radial surface 23a portion of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 is fitted into a mounting hole provided in the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10. Each of the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 is exposed to the outside from the mounting hole. Therefore, the sound radiated from each of the radiating surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 is not shielded by the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10.
- the sound radiated from the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 is radiated from the radiating surface 23a in the direction of arrow A.
- the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 perform "direct sound radiation” that directly radiates sound to the user from the suspended ceiling 10.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a further modification of the acoustic system 13 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows a state in which the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 is viewed from the floor plate 5b side.
- four speaker units 23R-1, 23R-2, 23L-1, and 23L-2 are provided.
- two speaker units 23R-2 and 23L-2 face the side plate 5a on the front side of the car 5. It is provided.
- two other speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 are provided facing the floor plate 5b of the car 5. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 are arranged so as to face the floor plate 5b of the car 5.
- two front speaker units 23R-2 and 23L-2 are provided facing the front side plate 5a of the car 5.
- the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23R-2 and the speaker cabinet 20 accommodating the speaker unit 23L-2 are arranged apart from each other by a certain distance centering on the central portion of the suspended ceiling 10 in the X direction. Has been done.
- the certain distance may be the same as, for example, the third distance D3 shown in FIG. 10, or may be different.
- each of the radial surfaces 23a of the speaker units 23R-2 and 23L-2 is arranged so as to face the side plate 5a of the car 5. Further, each of the radial surfaces 23a is arranged along the side of the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10. Therefore, the position of each radial surface 23a in the Z direction (the depth direction of the car 5) coincides with or substantially coincides with the position of the side surface 10a of the suspended ceiling 10 in the Z direction.
- the sound radiated from the speaker units 23R-2 and 23L-2 is radiated from the radiating surface 23a in the direction of arrow A.
- the sound is reflected by the side plate 5a of the car 5 to become a reflected sound.
- the reflected sound travels in the direction of arrow B.
- the speaker units 23R-2 and 23L-2 use the reflection of the side plate 5a of the car 5 to perform "indirect sound radiation" that radiates sound from the suspended ceiling 10 to the user. There is.
- the two speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 on the rear side are provided facing the floor plate 5b of the car 5 as described above with reference to FIG. Therefore, as described above, the two speaker units 23R-1 and 23L-1 on the rear side perform "direct sound radiation” that directly radiates sound to the user from the suspended ceiling 10. ing.
- "indirect sound radiation” and "direct sound radiation” may be mixed and performed.
- the speaker units 23R and 23L shown in FIG. 5 may be provided.
- the speaker unit 23 may be installed at an arbitrary location on the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 in the car 5.
- an installation pattern for example, when arranging on the right side and the left side as shown in FIG. 5, or when installing on the front side and the rear side, two corners of the four corners of the lower surface 10b of the suspended ceiling 10 There are cases where it is installed in, and the combination in those cases is also free. However, the sound quality is better when the speaker units 23 are separated from each other to some extent. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the speaker cabinets 20 accommodating the speaker units 23 are arranged apart by a second distance D2 or a third distance D3.
- the speaker cabinet 20 may be installed in the floor plate 5b of the car 5.
- the user's body itself becomes a sound absorber and a reflector, it becomes difficult for the acoustic signal radiated from the user's feet to reach the user's ear position as the number of users increases.
- the speaker cabinet 20 is basically installed at a position above the user's chest.
- the sound field 27 generated by the acoustic system 13 is, for example, the range shown by the broken line in FIG. Specifically, the height H2 of the lower limit 27a of the sound field 27 is, for example, about 1.0 m to 1.7 m from the floor plate 5b of the car 5, and is preferably 1.6 m.
- the upper limit height of the sound field 27 is, for example, 1.8 m from the floor plate 5b of the car 5. As described above, it is desirable that the sound field 27 is formed so that the height from the floor plate 5b is in the range of 1.6 m to 1.8 m. In this way, the sound field 27 is generated in the portion above the lower limit 27a in the car 5.
- the sound field 27 is formed around the user's head as shown in FIG.
- the height H2 of the lower limit 27a of the sound field 27 is set based on the average height of the user (excluding junior high school students and younger).
- the height from the floor plate 5b is from 0 m to less than 1.6 m, as described above, when a plurality of users are in the car 5, the sound is shielded or blocked by the user's body. Since it is absorbed, a good sound field cannot be formed. Further, in the range where the height from the floor plate 5b exceeds 1.8 m, the sound field 27 is formed unevenly above the user's head, which makes it difficult for the user to hear.
- FIG. 12 is a front view showing the arrangement position of the detection unit 21d.
- FIG. 13 is a top view showing the arrangement position of the detection unit 21d. In FIG. 13, for the sake of explanation, a part of the configuration is shown through.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the detection unit 21d.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the waveform of the detection result for each direction of the detection unit 21d. In FIG. 15, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the output level of the detection result of the detection unit 21d.
- the detection unit 21d detects a physical quantity indicating a running state and a stopped state of the car 5, and is composed of, for example, at least one of an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor, or a barometric pressure sensor.
- an acceleration sensor detects vibration in one or three directions.
- the accelerometer can detect the degree of movement, tilt, vibration, etc. of an object by measuring the acceleration of the object.
- the accelerometer can also detect gravity.
- the acceleration sensor can obtain various information such as movement, tilt, vibration, and impact of an object by measuring the acceleration and processing the acceleration as a signal.
- Accelerometers have the concept of "axis", for example, a 3-axis accelerometer can obtain information on the X, Y, and Z axes. For example, when the Z-axis is fixed and the object is tilted, the outputs that change at that time are the outputs of the X-axis and the Y-axis.
- the accelerometer can also detect the air pressure received by the object. The principle that the accelerometer detects the atmospheric pressure will be described later. In the first embodiment, a case where the acceleration sensor measures the acceleration that changes with the running of the car 5 and detects the vibration of the car 5 and the change of the atmospheric pressure received by the car 5 by the acceleration will be described. ..
- the detection unit 21d is mounted on the car 5 and detects vibration and changes in atmospheric pressure in the traveling direction of the car 5.
- the detection unit 21d is mounted on, for example, the upper surface of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5.
- the detection unit 21d is installed on the outer surface of the car 5.
- the detection unit 21d may be installed inside the housing 210 of the sound field control device 21 shown in FIG. 4, but may be installed outside the housing 210 of the sound field control device 21.
- FIG. 13 in order to reduce the detection error, it is desirable that the detection unit 21d is installed in the central portion of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5 in a plan view. Further, the detection unit 21d can be installed in a place other than the installation place shown in FIGS.
- the detection unit 21d is installed inside the car 5. In this way, the detection unit 21d is installed on the outer surface or the inside of the car 5. Further, the detection unit 21d is installed in a place where the user cannot find and touch, such as in the vicinity of the ceiling plate 5c of the elevator 1, in the floor plate 5b, or in the car operation panel 5f. This makes it possible to prevent the user from mischiefing the detection unit 21d.
- the detection unit 21d includes a substrate 212 and a sensor element 211 fixed to the substrate 212.
- the sensor element 211 can detect accelerations in the three directions of the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction shown in FIG.
- the sensor element 211 is composed of, for example, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) sensor element.
- the MEMS sensor element is a very small small acceleration sensor that is also used in smartphones, game machines, and the like.
- the sensing method of the sensor element 211 may be any method such as an electronic type, a piezoelectric type, and a pyroelectric type.
- the sensor element 211 detects vibrations in three directions, the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction. As shown in the graph of FIG. 15, the sensor element 211 outputs an acceleration signal for each direction according to the vibrations in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction.
- the detection unit 21d is installed so that the upper surface of the substrate 212 and the upper surface of the ceiling plate 5c of the car 5 are parallel to each other. In this case, the traveling direction of the car 5 and the Y direction of the detection unit 21d coincide with each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, a remarkable change can be seen in the waveform of the acceleration signal in the Y direction.
- an amplifier may be installed between the detection unit 21d and the sound field control unit 21a.
- the output level of the acceleration signal output from the detection unit 21d is too small, the output level of the acceleration signal is increased by the amplifier so that the output level can be easily processed by the sound field control unit 21a.
- the output level of the acceleration signal output from the detection unit 21d is too large, the output level of the acceleration signal is reduced by the amplifier so that the output level can be easily processed by the sound field control unit 21a.
- the detection unit 21d is configured so that the substrate 212 can be installed in any direction. Therefore, the direction in which the waveform of the acceleration signal is changed differs depending on the direction in which the substrate 212 is installed. That is, as described above, if the traveling direction of the car 5 and the Y direction of the detection unit 21d coincide with each other, a remarkable change can be seen in the waveform of the acceleration signal in the Y direction. On the other hand, if the traveling direction of the car 5 and the X direction of the detection unit 21d match, a remarkable change can be seen in the waveform of the acceleration signal in the X direction.
- the sound field control unit 21a may determine the running state and the stopped state of the car 5 by using the detection result in the direction in which the waveform of the acceleration signal shows a remarkable change among the detection results of the detection unit 21d. ..
- a threshold value is set in advance for the output level of the detection unit 21d.
- the threshold value is referred to as a first threshold value Th1.
- the sound field control unit 21a excludes the detection result exceeding the first threshold value Th1 as an abnormal value from the time-series detection results of the detection unit 21d. Then, the sound field control unit 21a determines the running state and the stopped state of the car 5 by using the detection result after eliminating the abnormal value. This makes it possible to prevent the sound field control unit 21a from making an erroneous determination when determining the traveling state and the stopped state of the car 5.
- the first threshold value Th1 is provided only for the acceleration signal in the Y direction, but in reality, it is also applied to the acceleration signals in the X direction and the Z direction. It is desirable to set the first threshold value Th1 in advance.
- the sensor element 211 detects the vibration in three directions has been described as an example, but the sensor element 211 detects the vibration in one direction, that is, the vibration only in the traveling direction of the car 5. It may be a thing.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an output waveform of the detection unit 21d used by the sound field control unit 21a for determination.
- FIG. 16 shows the waveform of the detection result in the Y direction while the car 5 is in operation.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output of the detection unit 21d and the traveling speed of the car 5. More specifically, FIG. 17 (a) is an enlarged view showing a P portion of FIG. 16, and FIG. 17 (b) shows the traveling speed of the elevator 1 car 5 corresponding to FIG. 17 (a). It is a graph which shows. However, the waveform of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a state change of the vibrating film 211a provided in the sensor element 211 of the detection unit 21d when the car 5 is raised.
- FIG. 18 shows the state of the vibrating membrane 211a when the car 5 is raised.
- the sensor element 211 of the detection unit 21d is composed of a piezoelectric element, as shown in FIG. 18, the sensor element 211 has a vibrating film 211a, a support portion 211b, and an exterior case 211c.
- the support portion 211b has the shape of a rectangular frame, and the central portion is a circular cavity.
- the outer periphery of the rectangular frame of the support portion 211b is fixed to the outer case 211c.
- a circular vibrating film 211a is stretched over the central portion of the support portion 211b.
- the support portion 211b supports the outer periphery of the vibrating membrane 211a.
- the vibrating film 211a is deformed by the vibration of the car 5 and the change in the atmospheric pressure received by the car 5.
- FIG. 18A when the car 5 is stopped, no air pressure is applied to the vibrating membrane 211a, so that the vibrating membrane 211a is in a flat state.
- the speed of the car 5 increases as shown between the times t1 and t2 in FIG. 17 (b).
- FIG. 18B an upward air pressure is applied to the vibrating film 211a as the car 5 rises.
- the vibrating film 211a is deformed into an arc shape protruding upward.
- a voltage is generated with the deformation of the vibrating film 211a.
- this voltage is taken as the voltage in the + direction.
- the car 5 stops accelerating and runs at a constant speed as shown between the times t2 and t3 in FIG. 17 (b).
- traveling at a constant speed is referred to as constant speed traveling.
- the air pressure applied to the vibrating film 211a becomes stable, and the vibration of the car 5 also decreases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18C, the change of the vibrating film 211a is reduced, and the vibrating film 211a returns to a substantially flat state.
- the car 5 decelerates to prepare for the stop, as shown between the times t3 and t4 in FIG. 17 (b). At this time, as shown in FIG.
- the detection unit 21d deforms the vibrating membrane 211a as the car 5 runs or stops, and outputs a voltage in the + direction or a voltage in the-direction.
- the voltage is a physical quantity indicating a running state and a stopped state of the car 5, and indicates a vibration of the car 5 and a change in the atmospheric pressure received by the car 5.
- the detection unit 21d is an acceleration sensor, the detection unit 21d detects the vibration of the car 5 and the change in the atmospheric pressure received by the car 5.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the voltage in the + direction and the voltage in the ⁇ direction output by the detection unit 21d.
- the car 5 in each of the time divisions (1) to (7), the car 5 is in the following state. (1): The car 5 is stopped. (2): The car 5 is traveling upward. That is, the car 5 is ascending in the hoistway 2. (3): The car 5 is stopped. (4): The car 5 is traveling downward. That is, the car 5 is descending in the hoistway 2. (5): The car 5 is stopped. (6): The car 5 is traveling upward. That is, the car 5 is ascending in the hoistway 2. (7): The car 5 is stopped.
- FIG. 17A shows the P portion of FIG. That is, FIG. 17A shows the time division (6) of FIG.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the voltage in the + direction and the voltage in the ⁇ direction output by the detection unit 21d.
- the time division (6) of FIG. 16 is further subdivided into the following time divisions (U1) to (U5).
- the acceleration and jerk of the car 5 are in the following states.
- the jerk is the rate of change of acceleration over time.
- the detection unit 21d outputs the voltage in the + direction as shown in FIG. 17 when the car 5 is in the accelerated traveling state.
- the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d is 0 or almost 0 when the car 5 is traveling at a constant speed.
- the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the-direction while the car 5 is in a decelerated traveling state.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines the running state of the car 5 based on the output of the detection unit 21d. Specifically, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in the accelerating state when the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the + direction while the car 5 is rising. Further, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in the constant speed state when the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d becomes 0 or almost 0 after the voltage state in the + direction. .. Further, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in the deceleration state when the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the ⁇ direction while the car 5 is rising. Further, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in a stopped state when the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d becomes 0 or almost 0 after the voltage state in the-direction. ..
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a waveform of an output voltage when the acceleration of the car 5 when ascending is detected by the detection unit 21d.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing changes in the sound pressure level of the acoustic content when the car 5 is raised. More specifically, FIG. 20A shows changes in the sound pressure level of the acoustic content when the car 5 rises, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the sound pressure level of the acoustic content. Further, FIG. 20B has the same contents as that of FIG.
- the vibrating film 211a changes in an arc shape due to the piezoelectric change, and the vibration film 211a changes in an arc shape (that is, the amplitude amount).
- the output voltage of the sensor element 211 fluctuates.
- the voltage output from the detection unit 21d increases or decreases accordingly.
- the detection unit 21d detects the vibration of the car 5 and the change in atmospheric pressure based on the change in the vibrating film 211a, and outputs a voltage in the + direction or a voltage in the ⁇ direction as a detection signal.
- the time division (U1) in the time division (U1), the acceleration of the car 5 gradually increases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. 1, and the vibrating membrane 211a is shown in FIG. 18 (b). As such, it gradually protrudes upward. With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d also gradually increases. Therefore, the time division (U1) is the "rising time in the positive voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the time division (U2) in the time division (U2), the acceleration of the car 5 gradually decreases and the protrusion amount of the vibrating film 211a also gradually decreases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. go. With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d also gradually decreases. Therefore, the time division (U2) is the "falling time in the positive voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the total time length of the time divisions (U1) and (U2) is about 5 seconds.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually increases the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5 as shown in FIG. 20 (a).
- the time length of the time division (U3) is an arbitrary time length according to the number of floors of the building in which the elevator 1 is installed.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 adjusts so that the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated in the car 5 becomes constant as shown in FIG. 20 (a). do.
- the method of setting the sound pressure level in the time division (U3) will be described below.
- the car 5 of the elevator 1 is installed in the hoistway 2 as described with reference to FIG. Since the hoistway forming body forming the periphery of the hoistway 2 is made of a metal plate, the inside of the hoistway 2 is soundly shielded from the outside. Therefore, it is unlikely that outdoor noise will enter the car 5.
- the hoistway forming body has a car rail portion (not shown) that guides the ascent and descent of the car 5.
- the car rail portion extends in the height direction of the hoistway 2.
- a car guide shoe is provided on the outer surface of the side plate 5a of the car 5. The car guide shoe and the car rail can be engaged with each other.
- the raising and lowering of the car 5 is guided by sliding the car guide shoe with respect to the car rail portion. Therefore, while the car 5 is running, the sound propagated in the car 5 is a "sliding sound" between the car guide shoe and the car rail portion, and the rope wheel 3a and the main rope 4 shown in FIG. It becomes a "sliding noise".
- the volume of these "sliding sounds” changes depending on the installation environment of the car 5. Therefore, after the car 5 is actually installed, the car 5 is run on a trial basis, and the volume of the "sliding sound” is measured by a volume measuring instrument. Then, it is desirable to determine the sound pressure level of the acoustic content in the time division (U3) based on the measured volume of the "sliding sound".
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content in the time division (U3) is set to a value larger than the volume of the measured "sliding sound".
- the sound pressure level may be determined by providing a volume measuring device in the sound field control device 21 so that the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 automatically determines the sound pressure level.
- the installation worker of the elevator 1 may bring a volume measuring instrument to set the sound pressure level for the sound field control unit 21a.
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content determined for the time division (U3) is set to Max (first sound pressure level), which is the maximum value of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 radiates the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5 over the time divisions (U1) and (U2). Performs a "fade-in” process that gradually increases. After that, the sound field control unit 21a stops the "fade-in” process when the sound pressure level reaches the maximum value Max. Then, in the time division (U3), the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 radiates the acoustic content into the car while maintaining the sound pressure level of the maximum value Max.
- the car 5 approaches the stop floor and the car 5 slows down. That is, when the car 5 approaches the stop floor, the rotation of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. 1 is controlled, the braking operation is activated, and the car 5 changes to the stopped state with a relatively strong force. Due to the change in atmospheric pressure due to the sudden braking at this time, the vibrating membrane 211a gradually protrudes downward as shown in FIG. 18 (d). With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d also gradually decreases. Therefore, the time division (U4) is the "rising time in the negative voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the time division (U5) in the time division (U5), the acceleration of the car 5 gradually increases and the protrusion amount of the vibrating film 211a gradually decreases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. go. With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d gradually increases and approaches 0. Therefore, the time division (U5) is the "falling time in the negative voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the total time length of the time divisions (U4) and (U5) is about 5 seconds. Using this time, the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually reduces the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 determines the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5 over the time divisions (U4) and (U5). Performs a "fade out” process that gradually reduces the size of.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 stops the "fade out” process when the sound pressure level reaches the minimum value Min (second sound pressure level).
- Min second sound pressure level
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 sufficiently allows the user to make a voice announcement flowing in the car 5 without completely attenuating the sound pressure level of the acoustic content even when the car 5 is stopped. Performs processing to reduce the volume to an audible level. Therefore, the minimum value Min of the sound pressure level is determined in advance based on the volume of the voice announcement so that the user can sufficiently hear the voice announcement flowing in the car 5. Similar to the maximum value Max, the minimum value Min of the sound pressure level may be determined after the car 5 is actually installed in consideration of the installation environment of the car 5, but the manufacturing stage of the sound field control device 21 Alternatively, it may be performed at the shipping stage.
- the voice announcement here is output from the emergency speaker 5g shown in FIG.
- the seismic detector (not shown) installed in the elevator 1 causes an earthquake. It informs the user of what will happen next when it is detected.
- the voice announcement may be a voice message or an electronic sound such as "ping pong". Examples of voice messages include "5th floor. The door will open.”, “I'm going up. The door will close.”, “It's an earthquake. Please get off.”
- Elevator 1 has one or more users on board, and the length of stay in the car 5 differs depending on the user.
- the "fade-in” process and the “fade-out” process are alternately performed with respect to the sound pressure level of the acoustic content, so that the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is constantly raised or lowered. ing. Therefore, if the sound pressure level of the acoustic content while the car 5 is stopped is set to 0, the user who stays for a long time cannot hear the acoustic content temporarily every time the car 5 on the middle floor is stopped.
- the user repeats "inaudible” and “audible” of the acoustic content.
- the minimum value Min of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is set.
- the maximum value Max (first sound pressure level) of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is set to a value larger than the above-mentioned "sliding sound" generated while the car 5 is running. do. Further, it is desirable to set the maximum value Max (first sound pressure level) of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content to be, for example, the same as or higher than the sound pressure level of the voice announcement flowing in the car 5. Further, the minimum value Min (second sound pressure level) of the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is set to a value smaller than the sound pressure level of the voice announcement flowing in the car 5. However, the minimum value Min (second sound pressure level) is set to a value larger than 0.
- the opening / closing time T1 of the car 5 is set in advance.
- the opening / closing time T1 is, for example, the time required for a series of operations such as stopping at the stop floor of the car 5, opening the door, closing the door, and starting the running of the car 5.
- the opening / closing time T1 varies depending on the model of the elevator 1, but is 4 to 5 seconds as standard.
- the opening / closing time T1 is changed from 14 seconds to 15 seconds.
- the opening / closing time T1 is set in advance.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 counts the elapsed time when the output voltage of the detection unit 21d is 0, and when the elapsed time exceeds the opening / closing time T1, the user enters the car 5. Judge that you are not there. In that case, the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 sets the sound pressure level of the acoustic content to 0, or stops the reproduction of the acoustic content.
- the opening / closing time T1 will be referred to as an unmanned determination threshold value for determining whether or not the inside of the car 5 is unmanned.
- the opening / closing time T1 is only an example, and is not limited to this.
- the unmanned determination threshold value may be determined based on the opening / closing time T1, but for convenience, for example, it is set to 1 minute, 3 minutes, or 5 minutes, and is 4 seconds or more and 10 minutes or less. It may be decided as appropriate within the range of.
- the waveform of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the car 5 is lowered is in a waveform state opposite to the waveform when the car 5 is raised.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the state of the vibrating membrane 211a when the car 5 is lowered.
- the sensor element 211 of the detection unit 21d is composed of a piezoelectric element, as shown in FIG. 21A, when the car 5 is stopped, no air pressure is applied to the vibrating film 211a, so that the vibrating film 211a Is in a flat state.
- FIG. 21B when the car 5 starts descending and accelerates, as shown in FIG. 21B, a downward air pressure is applied to the vibrating membrane 211a as the car 5 descends.
- the vibrating film 211a is deformed into an arc shape protruding downward.
- a voltage is generated with the deformation of the vibrating film 211a.
- this voltage is taken as the voltage in the-direction. In this way, since the voltage in the minus direction is output from the detection unit 21d, it can be said that the accelerated running when the car 5 is descending is the accelerated running in the negative direction.
- the car 5 stops accelerating and is in a state of constant speed running.
- the air pressure applied to the vibrating film 211a becomes stable, and the vibration of the car 5 also decreases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 21 (c), the change of the vibrating film 211a is reduced, and the vibrating film 211a returns to a substantially flat state.
- the car 5 decelerates.
- the air pressure applied to the vibrating membrane 211a is "positive pressure", contrary to the acceleration in FIG. 21 (b). ", And the upward pressure is applied.
- the vibrating film 211a is deformed into an arc shape protruding upward.
- a voltage is generated with the deformation of the vibrating film 211a.
- this voltage is taken as the voltage in the + direction.
- the deceleration running when the car 5 is lowered is a deceleration running in the negative direction.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the car 5 is lowered and the traveling speed of the car 5.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the traveling speed of the car 5.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the change in the sound pressure level of the acoustic content when the car 5 is lowered and the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the sound pressure level of acoustic content.
- FIG. 23 (b) has the same contents as FIG. 22 (a).
- the vibrating film 211a changes in an arc shape due to the piezoelectric change, and the vibration film 211a changes in an arc shape (that is, the amplitude amount).
- the output voltage of the sensor element 211 fluctuates.
- the voltage output from the detection unit 21d increases or decreases.
- the vibrating film 211a changes in an arc shape in response to a pressure change accompanying the movement of the car 5 outside the detection unit 21d main body.
- the detection unit 21d detects that the car 5 has vibrated based on the change in the vibrating film 211a, and outputs a voltage in the + direction or a voltage in the ⁇ direction as a detection signal.
- the time division (D1) in the time division (D1), the negative acceleration of the car 5 gradually increases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. 1, and the vibrating membrane 211a is shown in FIG. 21 (b). As shown in, it gradually protrudes downward. With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d also gradually decreases. Therefore, the time division (D1) is the "rising time in the negative voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the time division (D2) in the time division (D2), the negative acceleration of the car 5 gradually decreases and the protrusion amount of the vibrating membrane 211a also gradually decreases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. I will do it.
- the time division (D2) is the "falling time in the negative voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the total time length of the time divisions (D1) and (D2) in FIG. 22 is about 5 seconds. Using this time, the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually increases the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually adjusts the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5 over the time divisions (D1) and (D2). Performs a "fade-in” process that increases the size.
- the sound field control unit 21a stops the "fade-in” process when the sound pressure level reaches the maximum value Max. Then, in the time division (D3), the sound field control unit 21a radiates the acoustic content into the car 5 while maintaining the sound pressure level of the maximum value Max.
- the car 5 approaches the stop floor and the car 5 slows down. That is, when the car 5 approaches the stop floor, the rotation of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. 1 is controlled, the braking operation is activated, and the car 5 changes to the stopped state with a relatively strong force. Due to the change in atmospheric pressure due to the sudden braking at this time, the vibrating membrane 211a gradually protrudes upward as shown in FIG. 21 (d). With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d gradually increases. Therefore, the time division (D4) is the "rising time in the positive voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the time division (D5) in the time division (D5), the acceleration of the car 5 gradually decreases and the protrusion amount of the vibrating membrane 211a also gradually decreases in proportion to the hoisting speed of the hoisting machine 3 shown in FIG. go. With the deformation of the vibrating film 211a, the value of the output voltage of the detection unit 21d gradually decreases and approaches 0. Therefore, the time division (D5) is the "falling time in the positive voltage direction" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the total time length of the time divisions (D4) and (D5) in FIG. 22 is about 5 seconds. Using this time, the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually reduces the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 gradually adjusts the sound pressure level of the acoustic content radiated into the car 5 over the time divisions (D4) and (D5). Performs a "fade out” process that makes it smaller.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 stops the "fade out” process when the sound pressure level reaches the minimum value Min.
- the sound field control unit 21a of the sound field control device 21 radiates the acoustic content into the car while maintaining the sound pressure level of the minimum value Min.
- the output of the detection unit 21d when the car 5 is lowered is the opposite of the output when the car 5 is raised. That is, in FIG. 22, in the time divisions (D1) and (D2), the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the-direction as shown in FIG. 22 in the state of accelerated traveling when the car 5 is descending. In the time division (D3), the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d is 0 or almost 0 in the state of constant speed traveling when the car 5 is descending. In the time divisions (D4) and (D5), the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the + direction while the car 5 is in a decelerated running state when the car 5 is descending.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines the running state of the car 5 based on the output of the detection unit 21d. Specifically, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in the accelerating state when the detection unit 21d outputs a voltage in the ⁇ direction when the car 5 is lowered. The sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in a constant speed state when descending when the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d becomes 0 or almost 0 after the voltage state in the-direction. judge. Further, the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in the deceleration state when the car 5 is lowered when the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d is 0 or almost 0 and then becomes a voltage in the + direction. judge.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in a stopped state when the voltage value output by the detection unit 21d becomes 0 or almost 0 after the voltage state in the + direction. ..
- the sound field control unit 21a adjusts the sound pressure level of the acoustic content according to the state of the determined car 5.
- FIGS. 24 and 25 are diagrams showing threshold values set for the output voltage of the detection unit 21d.
- the threshold values shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 may be set for the output voltage of the detection unit 21d, if necessary. The reason will be explained below.
- a threshold value is set in advance for the “rise time in the positive voltage direction” (time division (U1) in FIG. 19 and time division (D4) in FIG. 23) in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d. Is provided.
- the threshold value is referred to as a second threshold value Th2.
- the sound field control unit 21a has a "positive voltage" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the output voltage of the detection unit 21d increases and the increased state is continued for the second threshold value Th2 or more. It is determined that it is the rise time in the direction. This makes it possible to prevent the sound field control unit 21a from making an erroneous determination based on the transiently generated vibration.
- a threshold value is set in advance.
- the threshold value is referred to as a third threshold value Th3.
- the sound field control unit 21a has a "positive voltage” in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the output voltage of the detection unit 21d decreases and the state of the decrease is continued for the third threshold value Th3 or more. It is determined that the fall time in the direction is ". This makes it possible to prevent the sound field control unit 21a from making an erroneous determination based on the transiently generated vibration.
- a threshold value is set.
- the threshold value is referred to as a fourth threshold value Th4.
- the sound field control unit 21a has a "negative voltage" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the output voltage of the detection unit 21d decreases and the state of the decrease is continued for the fourth threshold value Th4 or more. It is determined that it is the rise time in the direction.
- a threshold value is set in advance for the “falling time in the negative voltage direction” (time division (U5) in FIG. 19 and time division (D2) in FIG.
- the sound field control unit 21a has a "negative voltage" in the output voltage of the detection unit 21d when the output voltage of the detection unit 21d increases and the increased state is continued for the fifth threshold value Th5 or more. It is determined that the fall time in the direction is ". This makes it possible to prevent the sound field control unit 21a from making an erroneous determination based on the transiently generated vibration.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a configuration of a modified example of the acoustic system 13 according to the first embodiment.
- the sound field control device 21 and the speaker system 22 may be arranged in the housing 210 of the sound field control device 21. That is, the detection unit 21d is also arranged in the housing 210.
- the sound field control device 21 and the speaker system 22 are arranged in one housing 210, and the acoustic system 13 is packaged.
- the acoustic system 13 of FIG. 26 may be installed.
- the wiring connected to the emergency speaker 5g may be simply reconnected to the acoustic system 13.
- the acoustic system 13 shown in FIG. 26 is packaged and can be easily installed in the existing elevator 1.
- FIG. 26 shows an example in which one speaker cabinet 20 is provided, the number of speaker cabinets 20 may be two or more. Further, the number of speaker units 23 in the speaker cabinet 20 may be any number of 1 or more.
- the detection unit 21d is composed of an acceleration sensor, and the sound field control unit 21a states that the car 5 is in acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit 21d.
- the case of determining which of the stops is used has been described as an example. In that case, as shown in FIG. 16, there is a possibility that the physical quantity when traveling at a constant speed and the physical quantity when the vehicle is stopped are equal to each other. Therefore, the sound field control unit 21a may determine, for example, whether the car 5 is in a stopped state or a constant speed traveling state by the following determination method.
- the time divisions (1), (3), (5), and (7) are the stopped states of the car 5.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines that the time length between the time division (2) and the time division (4) is longer than the preset time. It is determined that the state of 5 is not a constant speed running but a stop. That is, the sound field control unit 21a elapses a preset set time after the output of the acceleration sensor indicating the traveling (rising or descending) of the car 5 (that is, the output of the time division (2)) is generated. Also, when the output of the acceleration sensor indicating the next running (rising or descending) (that is, the output of the time division (4)) does not occur, the car 5 is determined to be in the stopped state.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in a stopped state.
- the sound field control unit 21a has a car 5 in the sound field control unit 21a. It is determined that the vehicle is running at a constant speed.
- the set time is, for example, 3 minutes. However, the set time is not limited to this case, and may be appropriately set to another time length.
- the detection unit 21d is composed of an acceleration sensor.
- the detection unit 21d may be composed of a barometric pressure sensor or a speed sensor.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing the relationship between the detection result when the detection unit 21d is a barometric pressure sensor and the sound pressure level of the acoustic content.
- 27 (a) shows the change in the sound pressure level of the acoustic content under the control of the sound field control unit 21a
- FIG. 27 (b) shows the waveform of the detection result of the detection unit 21d composed of the barometric pressure sensor.
- the detection result of FIG. 27 (b) shows the same tendency as the detection result of FIG. 20 (b). Therefore, it is clear that the sound field control unit 21a can perform the same "fade-in” processing and "fade-out” processing as described above even when the detection result of the detection unit 21d composed of the barometric pressure sensor is used. be.
- the detection unit 21d is composed of a barometric pressure sensor
- the detection unit 21d is installed on the outer surface of the side plate 5a of the car 5, for example.
- the detection result of the detection unit 21d has the waveforms shown in FIGS. 17 (b) and 22 (b). Therefore, when the detection result of the detection unit 21d composed of the speed sensor is used, the “fade-in” process is performed between the times t1 and t2 in FIGS. 17 (b) and 22 (b), and FIG. 17 (b) is performed. ) And the time t3 to t4 in FIG. 22 (b), the “fade out” process is performed. As described above, even when the detection result of the detection unit 21d composed of the speed sensor is used, the sound field control unit 21a can perform the same "fade-in” processing and "fade-out” processing as described above.
- the acoustic system 13 has a detection unit 21d and a sound field control unit 21a.
- the detection unit 21d detects a physical quantity indicating a running state of the car 5 of the elevator 1.
- the sound field control unit 21a controls the reproduction and stop of the acoustic content based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit 21d.
- since the user plays and stops the acoustic content if the user mischiefs, the reproduction of the acoustic content may be stressful for other users.
- the sound field control unit 21a since the sound field control unit 21a controls the reproduction and stop of the acoustic content, it is possible to prevent stress on other users. ..
- the detection unit 21d detects physical quantities indicating the acceleration running, the constant speed running, the decelerating running, and the stopped state, respectively, when the car 5 is ascending and descending. do. Based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit 21d, the sound field control unit 21a determines whether the state of the car 5 is acceleration traveling, constant speed traveling, deceleration traveling, or stopping, and determines. Adjust the sound pressure level of the acoustic content according to the state. In this way, the sound field control unit 21a can adjust the sound pressure level of the acoustic content according to the traveling state of the car 5. Therefore, if the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is lowered and controlled on the stop floor, it is possible to provide the acoustic content that reduces the stress of the user without adversely affecting the voice announcement to the user.
- the acoustic system 13 controls the reproduction and stop of the acoustic content based on the physical quantity detected by the detection unit 21d.
- the acoustic system 13 does not require information from an operating system such as an elevator control panel 7 that operates the elevator 1. Therefore, the acoustic system 13 is not electrically connected to the operating system. Therefore, the acoustic system 13 does not require complicated work such as wiring work with the operating system, and can be easily installed even in an existing elevator because it can be simply arranged in the car 5.
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is gradually adjusted. Fade-in processing is performed to increase the size. As a result, the sound pressure level of the acoustic content gradually increases from the time when the car 5 starts running to the time when the car 5 runs at a constant speed.
- the fade-in process in which the sound pressure level is gradually increased as in the first embodiment the user can naturally become familiar with the reproduction of the acoustic content and enjoy the reproduction.
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is gradually adjusted. Performs a fade-out process to reduce the size. As a result, the sound pressure level of the acoustic content gradually decreases from the time when the car 5 starts decelerating to the time when the vehicle is stopped. If the sound of the acoustic content suddenly becomes inaudible as soon as the car 5 is stopped, the user may feel uncomfortable or uncomfortable. However, by performing the fade-out process in which the sound pressure level is gradually lowered as in the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the user from feeling uncomfortable or uncomfortable.
- the sound pressure level of the acoustic content is set to the minimum value Min, so that it is possible to prevent the user from missing the voice announcement, and the playback sound of the acoustic content is on the stop floor. It does not leak to the landing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the reproduced sound of the acoustic content from becoming noise for the person on the stop floor who does not use the elevator.
- the sound field control unit 21a determines that the car 5 is in a constant speed traveling state when ascending or descending. Control to maintain a constant value.
- the constant value at this time is the maximum value Max.
- the sound propagated in the car 5 while the car 5 is running is the "sliding sound” between the car guide shoe and the car rail portion, and the “sliding sound” between the sheave 3a and the main rope 4. It becomes “sliding noise”.
- the control is performed to maintain the sound pressure level of the acoustic content at the maximum value Max, so that the user feels these "sliding sounds" too much. You can spend comfortably even in the closed basket 5.
- two or more speaker cabinets 20 or two or more speaker units 23 may be provided.
- sound can be radiated from multiple directions.
- the sound field control unit 21a can form a three-dimensional sound field 27 in the closed space in the car 5.
- the user often has "awkwardness” and "discomfort” in the basket 5 with an unfamiliar person.
- the user since the acoustic content can be reproduced by the three-dimensional sound field 27, the user can be provided with comfort, and the stress caused by the user's "awkwardness” and “discomfort” can be reduced. It can be reduced.
- the acoustic content may be prepared for each season and each living time zone, and the acoustic content may be switched according to the actual season and the living time zone.
- the user can feel the change of seasons and the change of the living time zone without giving the user a feeling of rut, and the user can "heal” and "take a break". Is likely to lead to. As a result, it leads to further reduction of stress of the user.
Landscapes
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
実施の形態1に係るエレベータ用音響システムは、ある程度の密閉性及び静けさを保つことが要求されるエレベータのかご内の空間に適用される。エレベータのかご内の空間は、2人以上の人間が存在可能な空間であり、出入口が閉鎖される構成を有し、一定時間、原則として、内部に存在している人が外部に出られない空間である。
・1方向以上の加速度の検知が可能な加速度センサ。
・速度検出が可能な速度センサ。
・気圧変化が検出可能な気圧センサ。
なお、これらのセンサの構成素材などは特に限定されず、センシング方式として、電子式、圧電式、焦電式などのいずれかを用いるものでよい。
(1)当該音声信号の特に800Hz以上の周波数帯域に対して、1/3オクターブ以上の帯域処理を行う周波数フィルタを施す。
(2)当該音声信号の全ての帯域又は任意の帯域の位相を0度~180度の間で、音像移動処理を行う。
そして、信号処理を行った音声信号と、信号処理を行っていない音声信号とを、2つ以上のスピーカーユニット23からそれぞれ同時に放射させることで、広がりのある音場感を利用者に提供することができる。
図4及び図5の説明に戻る。図4及び図5に示すように、スピーカーキャビネット20は、吊り天井10の内部空間に配置されている。吊り天井10のY方向(かご5の高さ方向)の高さは、例えば5cm程度である。従って、図4に示すように、スピーカーキャビネット20の筐体25のY方向(かご5の高さ方向)の高さH1は、5cm以下である。このように、筐体25の高さH1は、吊り天井10のY方向(かご5の高さ方向)の高さによって制限される。また、スピーカーユニット23の放射面23aは、図4及び図5に示すように、かご5の側板5aに対向するように配置されている。放射面23aは、吊り天井10の側面10aの縁に沿って配置されている。放射面23aは、図5に示すように、吊り天井10の側面10aと同じ平面内に位置している。従って、放射面23aのX方向(かご5の幅方向)の位置は、吊り天井10の側面10aのX方向の位置と一致またはほぼ一致している。吊り天井10の側面10aには、放射面23aの位置に合わせて、開口が設けられている。なお、吊り天井10の側面10a全体が、開口状態となっていてもよい。従って、放射面23aから放射された音は、吊り天井10の側面10aによって遮蔽されない。また、上述したように、吊り天井10の側面10aとかご5の側板5aとの間には、第1距離Dの空隙11がある。第1距離Dは、5cm程度である。なお、第1距離Dは、エレベータ1の機種により異なるが、2cm~20cmの範囲で適宜設定され、望ましくは、3cm~10cmの範囲で適宜設定される。図4及び図5に示すように、スピーカーユニット23の放射面23aから放射される音は、矢印A方向に放射される。その後、当該音は、かご5の側板5aで反射されて、反射音となる。反射音は、図4及び図5に示すように、矢印B方向に進む。このように、実施の形態1では、スピーカーユニット23が、かご5の側板5aの反射を利用して、利用者に対して音放射を行う「間接的な音放射」を行っている。
スピーカーキャビネット20の設置向きは、図4及び図5の場合に限定されない。図10は、実施の形態1に係る音響システム13の変形例の構成を模式的に示す正面図である。
また、図11は、実施の形態1に係る音響システム13のさらなる変形例の構成を模式的に示す平面図である。図11は、床板5b側から吊り天井10の下面10bを見た状態を示している。図11では、4つのスピーカーユニット23R-1、23R-2、23L-1、23L-2が設けられている。図11では、4つのスピーカーユニット23R-1、23R-2、23L-1、23L-2のうち、2つのスピーカーユニット23R-2及び23L-2が、かご5の前側の側板5aに対向して設けられている。また、他の2つのスピーカーユニット23R-1及び23L-1が、かご5の床板5bに対向して設けられている。従って、スピーカーユニット23R-1及び23L-1の放射面23aは、図10に示すように、かご5の床板5bに対向して配置されている。
かご5の床板5b内にスピーカーキャビネット20を設置する場合もあり得る。しかしながら、利用者の身体そのものが吸音体及び反射体となるため、利用者が多くなると、利用者の足元から放射された音響信号は、利用者の耳位置まで到達することが困難になる。その結果、かご5内に、高音質な音響再生に基づく音場27を作り出すことはできない。よって、実施の形態1では、高音質再生を実現するために、利用者の胸より上となる位置にスピーカーキャビネット20を設置することを基本とする。
音響システム13が生成する音場27は、例えば、図4の破線で示される範囲である。具体的には、音場27の下限27aの高さH2は、かご5の床板5bから例えば1.0m~1.7m程度であり、望ましくは、1.6mである。また、音場27の上限の高さは、かご5の床板5bから例えば1.8mである。このように、音場27は、床板5bからの高さが、1.6mから1.8mまでの範囲に形成されることが望ましい。このように、音場27は、かご5内において、下限27aよりも上の部分に生成される。その結果、音場27は、図4に示すように、利用者の頭周辺に形成される。なお、音場27の下限27aの高さH2は、利用者(中学生以下を除く)の平均的な身長高に基づいて設定される。なお、床板5bからの高さが0mから1.6m未満までの範囲は、上述したように、かご5内に複数の利用者が乗っている場合には、利用者の身体によって音が遮蔽または吸収されるため、良好な音場を形成することはできない。また、床板5bからの高さが1.8mを超えた範囲では、音場27が利用者の頭上に偏って形成されるため、利用者にとって聴感的な聞き取りにくさが生じる。
次に、図12~図15を用いて、音場制御装置21に設けられた検出部21dについて説明する。図12は、検出部21dの配置位置を示す正面図である。図13は、検出部21dの配置位置を示す上面図である。なお、図13では、説明のため、一部の構成を透視させて示している。図14は、検出部21dの構成を示す斜視図である。図15は、検出部21dの方向別の検出結果の波形の一例を示す図である。図15において、横軸は時間、縦軸は検出部21dの検出結果の出力レベルを示す。
(1):かご5は停車している。
(2):かご5が上方向に走行している。すなわち、かご5は昇降路2内を上昇中である。
(3):かご5は停車している。
(4):かご5が下方向に走行している。すなわち、かご5は昇降路2内を下降中である。
(5):かご5は停車している。
(6):かご5が上方向に走行している。すなわち、かご5は昇降路2内を上昇中である。
(7):かご5は停車している。
(U1):加速度>0、加加速度>0
(U2):加速度>0、加加速度<0
(U3):加速度は、0又はほぼ0、加加速度は0
(U4):加速度<0、加加速度<0
(U5):加速度<0、加加速度>0
Claims (12)
- エレベータのかごの内部空間の天井に配置されたスピーカーシステムと、
前記スピーカーシステムから放射される音響コンテンツを記憶する記憶部と、
前記音響コンテンツを再生させて、前記音響コンテンツを前記かごの内部空間に対して前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる音場制御部と、
前記かごに設けられ、前記かごの走行状態を示す物理量を検出する検出部と
を備え、
前記音場制御部は、前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて前記かごの走行状態を判定し、前記かごの走行状態に合わせて前記音響コンテンツの音圧レベルの調整を行う、
エレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記検出部は、前記かごの上昇時及び下降時における、加速走行、定速走行、減速走行、及び、停車の状態のそれぞれを示す前記物理量を検出し、
前記音場制御部は、前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが、前記加速走行、前記定速走行、前記減速走行、及び、前記停車のうちのいずれの状態であるかを判定し、判定した前記かごの状態に合わせて前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルの調整を行う、
請求項1に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記音場制御部は、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記加速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを徐々に大きくするフェードイン処理を行う、
請求項2に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記音場制御部は、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記減速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを徐々に小さくするフェードアウト処理を行う、
請求項2又は3に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記音場制御部は、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記定速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを一定値に維持する制御を行う、
請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記音場制御部は、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記加速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを第1音圧レベルまで徐々に大きくするフェードイン処理を行い、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記定速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを前記第1音圧レベルに維持する制御を行い、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記上昇時又は前記下降時における前記減速走行の状態であると判定した場合に、前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる前記音響コンテンツの前記音圧レベルを前記第1音圧レベルから第2音圧レベルまで徐々に小さくするフェードアウト処理を行う、
請求項2に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記エレベータは、音声アナウンスを前記かご内の空間に放射する緊急用スピーカーを有し、
前記第2音圧レベルは、0より大きく、且つ、前記音声アナウンスの音圧レベルより小さく、
前記第1音圧レベルは、前記音声アナウンスの前記音圧レベル以上である、
請求項6に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記音場制御部は、
前記検出部が検出した前記物理量に基づいて、前記かごが前記停車の状態であると判定し、前記停車の状態が、予め設定された時間である無人判定閾値以上継続した場合に、前記音響コンテンツの再生を停止する制御を行う、
請求項2~7のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記検出部は、前記物理量として、前記かごの走行及び停車に伴って変化する前記かごの振動と気圧とを検出する加速度センサである、
請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記検出部は、前記物理量として、前記かごの走行速度を検出する速度センサである、
請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 前記検出部は、前記物理量として、前記かごの走行及び停車に伴って変化する前記かごが受ける気圧を検出する気圧センサである、
請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。 - 現在の日時をカウントするタイマ部を備え、
前記記憶部は、季節ごと及び生活時間帯ごとに作成された複数の前記音響コンテンツを記憶しており、
前記音場制御部は、前記タイマ部から現在の日時を示す日時データを取得して、前記日時データに基づいて、実際の季節及び実際の生活時間帯に対応する音響コンテンツを前記記憶部から読み出して、前記音響コンテンツを前記スピーカーシステムから放射させる、
請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のエレベータ用音響システム。
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Citations (7)
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JPS60244781A (ja) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | エレベ−タかご室用音響装置 |
JPH02149672U (ja) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-12-20 | ||
JPH0414268U (ja) * | 1990-05-28 | 1992-02-05 | ||
JPH05319715A (ja) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-12-03 | Hitachi Building Syst Eng & Service Co Ltd | エレベーターのかご装置 |
JPH09221280A (ja) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | エレベータ放送装置 |
JP2012056755A (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Building Techno Service Co Ltd | 放送装置 |
JP2013184810A (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-19 | Fujitec Co Ltd | 放送システムを具えるエレベータ |
Family Cites Families (1)
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JP2000219463A (ja) | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-08 | Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd | エレベータ |
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Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60244781A (ja) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | エレベ−タかご室用音響装置 |
JPH02149672U (ja) * | 1989-05-22 | 1990-12-20 | ||
JPH0414268U (ja) * | 1990-05-28 | 1992-02-05 | ||
JPH05319715A (ja) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-12-03 | Hitachi Building Syst Eng & Service Co Ltd | エレベーターのかご装置 |
JPH09221280A (ja) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | エレベータ放送装置 |
JP2012056755A (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Building Techno Service Co Ltd | 放送装置 |
JP2013184810A (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-19 | Fujitec Co Ltd | 放送システムを具えるエレベータ |
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