WO2022114106A1 - 風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ、風車翼及び風力発電装置 - Google Patents
風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ、風車翼及び風力発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022114106A1 WO2022114106A1 PCT/JP2021/043335 JP2021043335W WO2022114106A1 WO 2022114106 A1 WO2022114106 A1 WO 2022114106A1 JP 2021043335 W JP2021043335 W JP 2021043335W WO 2022114106 A1 WO2022114106 A1 WO 2022114106A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fin
- platform
- height direction
- vortex generator
- wind turbine
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- QMRNDFMLWNAFQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 QMRNDFMLWNAFQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
- F03D1/06495—Aerodynamic elements attached to or formed with the blade, e.g. flaps, vortex generators or noise reducers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/303—Details of the leading edge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/306—Surface measures
- F05B2240/3062—Vortex generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to vortex generators for wind turbine blades, wind turbine blades and wind power generators.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-197416 filed with the Japan Patent Office on November 27, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Documents 1 to 8 disclose a vortex generator having a base attached to the surface of a wind turbine blade and fins erected on the base.
- At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a vortex generator for a wind turbine wing, a wind turbine wing, and a wind power generator capable of mounting an enlarged fin while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform.
- the vortex generator for a wind turbine wing is Platform and With at least one fin that is provided protruding from the top surface of the platform and has a leading edge and a trailing edge. Equipped with The trailing end surface of the at least one fin including the trailing edge has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin.
- the wind turbine blade according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is With the wing body, With the above-mentioned vortex generator attached to the surface of the wing body, To prepare for.
- the wind power generation device is With the wind turbine rotor including the above-mentioned wind turbine blades, A generator configured to be driven by the wind turbine rotor, To prepare for.
- a vortex generator for a wind turbine wing, a wind turbine wing, and a wind power generator capable of mounting an enlarged fin while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform.
- FIG. 4 It is a schematic block diagram of the wind power generation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the wind turbine wing which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the vortex generator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a top view of the vortex generator shown in FIG. It is a figure which looked at the vortex generator shown in FIG. 4 from the direction of arrow B. It is a figure which shows the AA cross section of FIG. It is a figure which shows the cross section orthogonal to the blade height direction of the vortex generator shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the cross section orthogonal to the blade height direction of the vortex generator shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wind power generation device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a wind turbine blade according to an embodiment.
- the wind power generation device 40 includes a rotor 42 composed of at least one (for example, three) wind turbine blades 1 and a hub 43.
- the wind turbine blade 1 is radially attached to the hub 43, and the rotor 42 rotates when the wind turbine blade 1 receives wind, and a generator (not shown) connected to the rotor 42 generates electricity.
- the rotor 42 is supported by a nacelle 44 provided above the tower 46.
- the tower 46 is erected on a base structure 48 (foundation structure, floating structure, etc.) provided on the water or on land.
- the vortex generator according to the embodiment is attached to the wind turbine blade 1 of the wind power generation device 40.
- the wind turbine blade 1 includes a blade body 2 and a vortex generator 10 attached to the surface (blade surface) of the blade body 2.
- the wing body 2 has a wing root 3 attached to the hub 43 of the wind power generator 40, a wing tip 4 located farthest from the hub 43, and an airfoil portion 5 extending between the wing root 3 and the wing tip 4. And, including.
- the wind turbine wing 1 has a leading edge 6 and a trailing edge 7 from the wing root 3 to the wing tip 4.
- the outer shape of the wind turbine blade 1 is formed by a pressure surface (ventral surface) 8 and a negative pressure surface (back surface) 9 facing the pressure surface 8.
- a plurality of vortex generators 10 are attached to the negative pressure surface 9 of the blade body 2.
- the plurality of vortex generators 10 are arranged along the blade length direction on the negative pressure surface 9 of the blade body 2.
- the "wingpan direction” is the direction connecting the wing root 3 and the wing tip 4.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the vortex generator according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a plan view (viewed from the fin height direction) of the vortex generator shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a view of the vortex generator shown in FIG. 4 as viewed from the direction of arrow B.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 (cross section including the cord of the fin and the height direction).
- 7 and 8 are views showing cross sections orthogonal to the blade height direction of the vortex generator shown in FIG. 4, respectively.
- the vortex generator 10 has a platform 11 mounted on the surface of the wind turbine blade 1 (more specifically, the surface of the blade body 2) and at least one fin 12 provided on the platform 11. And prepare.
- the platform 11 has an upper surface 11a on which fins 12 are provided, and a bottom surface 11b on the opposite side of the upper surface 11a.
- the vortex generator 10 is attached to the surface of the blade body 2 (for example, the negative pressure surface 9) via the bottom surface 11b.
- the platform 11 may have a circular shape when viewed from the height direction of the fins 12.
- the platform 11 may have a non-circular shape such as an ellipse or a polygon when viewed from the height direction.
- At least one fin 12 is provided so as to project from the upper surface 11a of the platform 11.
- two fins 12A and 12B are provided on the platform 11.
- the fins 12A and 12B are collectively referred to as fins 12.
- the fins 12 are provided so as to be inclined so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the wind inflow direction.
- the fins 12 have a front edge 13 located on the upstream side in the wind inflow direction, a trailing edge 14 located on the downstream side in the wind inflow direction, and an upstream in the wind inflow direction. It has a pressure surface (ventral surface) 15 of the fin 12 facing side, and a negative pressure surface (back surface) 16 of the fin 12 facing the downstream side in the inflow direction of wind.
- the direction of the straight line connecting the leading edge 13 and the trailing edge 14 is the chord direction of the fin 12.
- the fin 12 extends between the base 17 and the top 18 connected to the platform 11 in the height direction of the fin 12.
- the height direction of the fins 12 is equal to the direction orthogonal to the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11.
- C1 to C4 in FIG. 4 are contours of the fins 12 in a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fins 12, respectively, and the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases from C1 to C4.
- the operation of the vortex generator 10 will be briefly described.
- the boundary layer gradually thickens from the laminar flow area near the leading edge 6 toward the turbulent flow area on the downstream side thereof, and the flow is separated before reaching the trailing edge 7. It happens by putting it away.
- the vortex generator 10 attached to the wind turbine blade 1 forms a vertical vortex on the negative pressure surface 16 side of the fin 12 by the lift generated by the fin 12. Further, the flow flowing into the fin 12 forms a vertical vortex along the edge from the most upstream side position (leading edge 13a at the base) of the leading edge 13 of the fin 12 toward the top (leading edge 13b at the top).
- the vertical vortex generated by the fins 12 thus promotes momentum exchange in the height direction of the fins 12 inside and outside the boundary layer on one surface of the wind turbine blade on the wake side of the vortex generator 10.
- the boundary phase on the surface of the wind turbine blade 1 becomes thin, and the separation of the flow from the surface of the wind turbine blade 1 is suppressed.
- the trailing edge 19 including the trailing edge 14 of at least one fin 12 has a large distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 in the height direction of the fins 12. It has a shape inclined rearward (that is, in the direction from the leading edge 13 to the trailing edge 14 in the chord direction of the fin 12).
- the trailing edge 19 may include a flat surface including the trailing edge 14.
- the rear end surface 19 of the fin 12 has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases in the height direction of the fin 12. Therefore, the position of the trailing edge 14a at the base 17 of the fin 12 having a relatively small contribution to the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 1 is rearward to the position of the trailing edge 14b at the top 18 of the fin 12 having a large contribution to the aerodynamic performance.
- the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small with respect to the fins 12 while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator 10 equipped with a larger fin 12 while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform 11.
- the tilt angle ⁇ (see FIG. 6) of the rear end surface 19 with respect to the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 is 55 degrees or more and 65 degrees or less in the cross section including the cord and the height direction of the fin 12. ..
- the inclination angle ⁇ is a straight line connecting the position of the trailing edge 14a at the base 17 of the fin 12 and the position of the trailing edge 14b at the top 18 of the fin 12 and a straight line including the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 in the above-mentioned cross section. The angle to make.
- the trailing edge portion of the fin 12 since the above-mentioned inclination angle ⁇ is 65 degrees or less, the trailing edge portion of the fin 12 has a shape inclined backward. Therefore, the position of the trailing edge 14b at the top 18 of the fin 12 can be relatively significantly displaced rearward with respect to the position of the trailing edge 14a at the base 17 of the fin 12. Therefore, it becomes easy to sufficiently secure the cord length at the top 18 of the fin 12. Further, since the above-mentioned inclination angle ⁇ is 55 degrees or more, the trailing edge portion of the fin 12 has a shape that does not excessively incline backward. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator 10 having fins 12 having an appropriate size while inclining the trailing edge portion of the fins 12. Therefore, the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the leading edge 13 of the fin 12 is in the height direction from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11. It tilts backward as the distance increases.
- the tilt angle ⁇ (see FIG. 6) of the trailing end surface 19 with respect to the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 is the leading edge with respect to the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11. It is larger than the tilt angle ⁇ of 13.
- the inclination angle ⁇ includes a straight line connecting the position of the leading edge 13a at the base 17 of the fin 12 and the position of the leading edge 13b at the top 18 of the fin 12 and the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 in the above-mentioned cross section. The angle formed by the straight line.
- the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the angle ⁇ of the leading edge with respect to the bottom surface of the platform 11 is 10 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less in the cross section including the cord and the height direction of the fin 12.
- the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the leading edge 13 of the fin 12 increases the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 in the height direction to the maximum height position of the fin 12 (ie, the position of the top 18 of the fin 12). It tilts backwards accordingly.
- the leading edge 13 is inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases in the height direction of the fin 12 up to the maximum height position of the fin 12. It is easy to secure the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10. Therefore, the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fin 12 at the first position P1 (see FIG. 6) in the height direction of the fin 12, and FIG. 8 shows a platform more than the first position P1.
- 11 is a diagram showing a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fin 12 at the second position P2 (see FIG. 6) where the distance from the bottom surface 11b of 11 is small.
- Pa indicates the position of the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 in the height direction of the fin 12
- Pb indicates the position of the top 18 of the fin 12 in the height direction of the fin 12.
- the cord length of the first airfoil CP 1 is L 1
- the cord length of the second airfoil CP 2 is L 2 .
- the fin 12 has a first airfoil CP 1 at the first position P1 in the height direction (see FIG. 6) and is in the height direction.
- the leading edge region 102 that coincides with the similar CP 1'of the first airfoil CP 1 that is larger in size than the first airfoil CP 1 and one of the similar CP 1 ' .
- It has a second airfoil CP 2 that includes a trailing edge region 104 with a missing portion.
- the second airfoil CP 2 at the second position P2 on the base 17 side of the fin 12 is larger in size than the first airfoil CP 1 at the first position P1 on the top 18 side. While basically having the shape of the airfoil-like similar figure CP 1 ', the shape is such that a part of the similar figure CP 1'is missing in the trailing edge region 104, so a relatively large fin 12 is used as the platform 11. Can be installed. Further, since the fin 12 has the first airfoil CP 1 having a shape in which the trailing edge is not missing as compared with the second airfoil CP 2 at the first position P1 on the top 18 side, it contributes to aerodynamic performance. It is easy to secure the cord length of the fin 12 in the region on the top 18 side of the fin 12 having a large size. Therefore, the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the fin 12 has a first blade thickness ratio t 1 / L 1 at the first position P1 in the height direction at the first position in the height direction. It may be smaller than the second blade thickness ratio t 2 / L 2 at the second position P2 where the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 is smaller than P1.
- t 1 is the maximum value (maximum blade thickness) of the blade thickness of the first airfoil CP 1
- t 2 is the maximum value (maximum blade thickness) of the blade thickness of the second airfoil CP 2
- the blade thickness is the size (thickness) of each airfoil in the direction orthogonal to the cord direction (that is, the thickness direction of the fin 12).
- the fin 12 since the fin 12 has a shape in which the cord length L2 with respect to the maximum blade thickness t2 is relatively short at the second position P2 on the base 17 side, the fin 12 has a relatively large fin 12 as the platform 11. Can be installed. Further, since the fin 12 has a shape in which the cord length L1 with respect to the maximum blade thickness t1 is relatively long at the first position P1 on the top 18 side, it is easy to maintain the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10. Therefore, the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the trailing edge 14' including the trailing edge 14 of the fin 12 projects outward from the outer edge 11c of the platform 11 when viewed from the height of the fin 12. ing. That is, when viewed from the height direction, the position of the trailing edge 14b on the top 18 of the fin 12 may be located outside the outer edge 11c of the platform 11.
- the rear end portion 14'of the fin 12 does not have to protrude from the outer edge of the platform 11. That is, when viewed from the height direction, the rear end portion 14'of the fin 12 may be contained inside the outer edge 11c of the platform 11. Alternatively, when viewed from the height direction, the position of the trailing edge 14b at the top 18 of the fin 12 may be located inside the outer edge 11c of the platform 11.
- the width W of the rear end surface 19 of the fin 12 decreases as the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases in the height direction.
- the width W of the rear end surface 19 is the width of the rear end surface 19 in the thickness direction of the fin 12 (the direction orthogonal to the code direction of the fin 12).
- the rear end surface 19 of the fin 12 has a trapezoidal shape, but in other embodiments, it may be triangular.
- the width W of the rear end surface 19 of the fin 12 decreases as the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases in the height direction of the fin 12. Therefore, since the width W of the rear end surface 19 is relatively large at the base of the fin 12 having a relatively small contribution to aerodynamic performance, the relatively large fin 12 can be mounted on the platform 11. Further, since the width W of the rear end surface 19 at the base of the fin 12 is secured, it becomes easy to support the fin 12. Further, since the width W of the rear end surface 19 is relatively narrow at the top 18 of the fin 12 which greatly contributes to aerodynamic performance, it is easy to secure the cord length at the top 18 of the fin 12. Therefore, the size of the platform 11 can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10.
- the fin 12 includes a leading edge portion 13'having a curved contour within a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fin 12.
- the leading edge portion 13' has a curved contour with respect to the contours C1 to C4 of the fins 12 in the cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fins 12.
- the vortex generator 10 is installed on the wind turbine blade 1. At this time, it is easy to reduce the resistance of the flow of air flowing into the vortex generator 10. Therefore, the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10 is improved.
- the fins 12 have a symmetrical shape with respect to the code of the fins 12, as shown, for example, in FIG.
- the leading edge portion 13' has a curved contour with respect to the contours C1 to C4 of the fins 12 in the cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fins 12.
- the contours C1 to C4 have a shape symmetrical with respect to the code of the fin 12.
- the contours C1 to C4 have a shape symmetrical with respect to the code of the fin 12.
- the vortex generator 10 can be easily molded as compared with the case where the fin 12 has an asymmetrical shape with respect to the cord. For example, molding by injection molding or the like becomes easy.
- the fins 12 may have an asymmetrical shape with respect to the cord of the fins 12.
- the blade thickness ratio (maximum blade thickness / cord length) of the fins 12 may be 10% or more and 20% or less. In one embodiment, the blade thickness ratio of the fins 12 may be 10% or more and 20% or less in a region of 30% or more in the height direction of the fins 12. In one embodiment, the blade thickness ratio of the fins 12 may be 10% or more and 20% or less in the entire region in the height direction of the fins 12.
- the blade thickness ratio of the fins 12 is 10% or more and 20% or less, the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator 10 tends to be good.
- the vortex generator 10 (platform 11 and fins 12) may be made of resin.
- the resin used as the material of the vortex generator 10 may be a thermoplastic such as ASA (Acrylate Styrene Acrylonitrile) or AES (Acrylonitrile-Ethylene-Style).
- the platform 11 and the fins 12 are formed of resin, molding is relatively easy.
- the vortex generator 10 When forming a vortex generator with a general shape by injection molding, it can be molded with a pair of upper and lower halves (that is, dies divided into two in the height direction of the fins).
- the vortex generator 10 according to the above-described embodiment has a shape in which the rear end surface 19 of the fin 12 is inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface 11b of the platform 11 increases in the height direction of the fin 12. It is difficult to form only with a pair of upper and lower halves.
- the vortex generator 10 according to the above-described embodiment when the vortex generator 10 according to the above-described embodiment is formed by injection molding, it corresponds to the trailing edge portion of each fin 12 (the portion including the rear end surface 19 inclined backward) in addition to the pair of upper and lower molds.
- the mounting angle (cord direction) of the fins 12 is 12 degrees or more and 18 degrees or less with respect to the inflow direction of the wind.
- Each fin 12A, 12B may be provided so that the distance between the pair of fins 12A, 12B increases (toward the side).
- the distance between adjacent pressure surfaces is longer than the distance between adjacent negative pressure surfaces. It is conceivable to place.
- the fins 12A and the fins 12B are arranged on the platform 11 so that the negative pressure surface 16 of the fins 12A and the negative pressure surface 16 of the fins 12B face each other, the fins 12A and the fins 12B are arranged.
- the platform 11 is configured to have a circular shape when viewed from the height direction of the fins 12.
- the platform 11 since the platform 11 has a circular shape when viewed from the height direction of the fins 12, it is easy to stably bond the platform 11 to the surface of the wind turbine blade 1. Therefore, the separation of the vortex generator 10 from the wind turbine blade 1 can be suppressed.
- the vortex generator (10) for the wind turbine blade (1) is Platform (11) and With at least one fin (12) provided projecting from the top surface (11a) of the platform and having a leading edge (13) and a trailing edge (14). Equipped with The trailing end surface (19) of the at least one fin including the trailing edge has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface (11b) of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin.
- the rear end surface of at least one fin has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin. Therefore, by shifting the position of the trailing edge at the top of the fin, which has a large contribution to aerodynamic performance, to the rear with respect to the position of the trailing edge at the base of the fin, which has a relatively small contribution to the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade. It will be easier to secure a sufficient cord length at the top. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small relative to the fins while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator equipped with a larger fin while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform.
- the fins It has a first airfoil (CP 1 ) at the first position (P1) in the height direction.
- the similar figure (CP 1 ) of the first airfoil which is larger in size than the first airfoil.
- It has a second airfoil (CP 2 ) that includes a leading edge region (102) that coincides with') and a trailing edge region (104) that is partially missing from the similar figure.
- the fin has the first airfoil in the first position in the height direction, and the first airfoil is in the second position where the distance from the bottom surface of the platform is smaller than the first position. It has a second airfoil that includes a leading edge region that matches the similar shape of the first airfoil, which is larger in size than the mold, and a trailing edge region that is a shape in which a portion of the similar airfoil is missing. That is, the second airfoil at the second position on the base side of the fin basically has a similar shape to the first airfoil, which is larger in size than the first airfoil at the first position on the top side.
- a relatively large fin can be mounted on the platform. Further, since the fin has a first airfoil having a shape in which the trailing edge is not missing with respect to the second airfoil at the first position on the top side, the fin has a large contribution to aerodynamic performance on the top side of the fin. It is easy to secure the cord length of the fin in the area. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the fin has a first wing thickness ratio at the first position in the height direction from the second wing thickness ratio at the second position where the distance from the bottom surface of the platform is smaller than the first position in the height direction. Is also small.
- the width of the rear end surface of the fin decreases as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction.
- the width of the rear end surface of the fin decreases as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction. Therefore, since the width of the rear end surface is relatively large at the base of the fin having a relatively small contribution to aerodynamic performance, a relatively large fin can be mounted on the platform. Further, since the width of the rear end surface at the base of the fin is secured, it becomes easy to support the fin. Further, since the width of the rear end surface is relatively narrow at the top of the fin, which greatly contributes to aerodynamic performance, it is easy to secure the cord length at the top of the fin. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the rear end portion (14') of the fin protrudes outward from the outer edge (11c) of the platform.
- the inclination angle ( ⁇ ) of the rear end surface with respect to the bottom surface of the platform is 55 degrees or more and 65 degrees or less.
- the trailing edge of the fin has an inclination angle of 65 degrees or less with respect to the bottom surface of the platform within the cross section including the cord of the fin and the height direction.
- the portion has a shape inclined backward. Therefore, the position of the trailing edge at the top of the fin can be relatively significantly displaced rearward with respect to the position of the trailing edge at the base of the fin. Therefore, it becomes easy to secure a sufficient cord length at the top of the fin.
- the above-mentioned inclination angle is 55 degrees or more, the trailing edge portion of the fin has a shape that does not excessively incline backward. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator having fins having an appropriate size while inclining the trailing edge portion of the fins. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the leading edge of the fin tilts rearward in the height direction as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases.
- the inclination angle of the rear end surface with respect to the bottom surface of the platform is larger than the inclination angle ( ⁇ ) of the leading edge with respect to the bottom surface of the platform.
- the leading edge of the fin is inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction.
- the tilt angle of the trailing edge with respect to the bottom surface of the platform is greater than the tilt angle of the leading edge with respect to the bottom surface of the platform. Therefore, it is easy to reduce the cross-sectional area at the top of the fin, which tends to improve the aerodynamic performance. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the fin includes a leading edge portion (13') having a curved contour in a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fin, and has a shape symmetrical with respect to the code of the fin.
- the fin since the fin includes a leading edge portion having a curved contour in a cross section orthogonal to the height direction of the fin, when the vortex generator is installed on the wind turbine blade, the vortex generator is used. It is easy to reduce the resistance of the flow of air flowing into. Therefore, the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator becomes good. Further, since the fin has a symmetrical shape with respect to the cord of the fin, the vortex generator can be easily formed as compared with the case where the fin has an asymmetrical shape with respect to the cord.
- the blade thickness ratio of the fins is 10% or more and 20% or less.
- the leading edge of the fin tilts rearward in the height direction as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases.
- the inclination angle of the leading edge with respect to the bottom surface of the platform is 10 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less.
- the leading edge of the fin has an inclination angle of 10 degrees or more with respect to the bottom surface of the platform in the cross section including the cord of the fin and the height direction. It is easy to obtain fins with an appropriate size while inclining the portion. Further, since the above-mentioned inclination angle is 20 degrees or less, it is easy to secure the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator. Therefore, according to the configuration of (10) above, the size of the platform can be relatively reduced while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the leading edge of the fin is inclined rearward to the maximum height position of the fin in the height direction as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases.
- the leading edge of the fin is inclined rearward to the maximum height position of the fin as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin. It is easy to secure the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator.
- the platform has a circular shape when viewed from the height direction of the fins.
- the platform since the platform has a circular shape when viewed from the height direction of the fins, it is easy to stably bond the platform to the surface of the wind turbine blade. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the separation of the vortex generator from the wind turbine blade.
- the platform and the fins are made of resin.
- the wind turbine blade (1) according to at least one embodiment has the configuration of (1) to (13) above.
- the rear end surface of at least one fin has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin. Therefore, by shifting the position of the trailing edge at the top of the fin, which has a large contribution to aerodynamic performance, to the rear with respect to the position of the trailing edge at the base of the fin, which has a relatively small contribution to the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade. It will be easier to secure a sufficient cord length at the top. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small relative to the fins while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator equipped with a larger fin while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform.
- the wind power generation device has the configuration of (14) above.
- the rear end surface of at least one fin has a shape inclined rearward as the distance from the bottom surface of the platform increases in the height direction of the fin. Therefore, by shifting the position of the trailing edge at the top of the fin, which has a large contribution to aerodynamic performance, to the rear with respect to the position of the trailing edge at the base of the fin, which has a relatively small contribution to the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade. It will be easier to secure a sufficient cord length at the top. Therefore, the size of the platform can be made relatively small relative to the fins while maintaining the aerodynamic performance of the vortex generator. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vortex generator equipped with a larger fin while suppressing an increase in the size of the platform.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes a modified form of the above-described embodiments and a combination of these embodiments as appropriate.
- an expression representing a relative or absolute arrangement such as “in a certain direction”, “along a certain direction”, “parallel”, “orthogonal”, “center”, “concentric” or “coaxial”. Strictly represents not only such an arrangement, but also a tolerance or a state of relative displacement at an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
- expressions such as “same”, “equal”, and “homogeneous” that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
- the expression representing a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also within a range in which the same effect can be obtained.
- the shape including the uneven portion, the chamfered portion, etc. shall also be represented.
- the expression “comprising”, “including”, or “having” one component is not an exclusive expression excluding the existence of another component.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年11月27日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2020-197416号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
プラットフォームと、
前記プラットフォームの上面から突出して設けられ、前縁および後縁を有する少なくとも一つのフィンと、
を備え、
前記後縁を含む前記少なくとも一つのフィンの後端面は、前記フィンの高さ方向において前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜した形状を有する。
翼本体と、
前記翼本体の表面に取り付けられた上述のボルテックスジェネレータと、
を備える。
上述の風車翼を含む風車ロータと、
前記風車ロータによって駆動されるように構成された発電機と、
を備える。
まず、図1及び図2を参照して、幾つかの実施形態に係るボルテックスジェネレータが適用される風車翼及び風力発電装置の全体構成について説明する。図1は、一実施形態に係る風力発電装置の概略構成図であり、図2は、一実施形態に係る風車翼の斜視図である。
図2に示すように、風車翼1は、翼本体2と、翼本体2の表面(翼面)に取り付けられたボルテックスジェネレータ10と、を備える。翼本体2は、風力発電装置40のハブ43に取り付けられる翼根3と、ハブ43から最も遠くに位置する翼先端4と、翼根3と翼先端4の間に延在する翼型部5と、を含む。また、風車翼1は、翼根3から翼先端4にかけて、前縁6と後縁7とを有する。また、風車翼1の外形は、圧力面(腹面)8と、圧力面8に対向する負圧面(背面)9とによって形成される。
次に、図3~図8を参照して、幾つかの実施形態に係るボルテックスジェネレータについて具体的に説明する。図3は、一実施形態に係るボルテックスジェネレータの斜視図であり、図4は、図3に示すボルテックスジェネレータの平面図(フィン高さ方向から視た図)である。図5は、図4の示すボルテックスジェネレータを矢印Bの方向から視た図である。図6は、図4のA-A断面(フィンのコード及び高さ方向を含む断面)を示す図である。図7及び図8は、それぞれ、図4に示すボルテックスジェネレータの翼高さ方向に直交する断面を示す図である。
風車翼1の負圧面9における流れの剥離は、前縁6近傍の層流域からその下流側の乱流域に向かって境界層が徐々に厚くなり、後縁7に到達する前に流れが剥がれてしまうことで生じる。風車翼1に取り付けられたボルテックスジェネレータ10は、フィン12が生み出す揚力によって、フィン12の負圧面16側に縦渦を形成する。また、フィン12に流入した流れによって、フィン12の前縁13の最上流側位置(基部における前縁13a)から頂部(頂部における前縁13b)に向かうエッジに沿った縦渦が形成される。このようにフィン12により生成される縦渦によって、ボルテックスジェネレータ10の後流側において、風車翼1面上の境界層内外でのフィン12の高さ方向における運動量交換が促進される。これにより、風車翼1の表面における境界相が薄くなり、風車翼1表面からの流れの剥離が抑制されるようになっている。
プラットフォーム(11)と、
前記プラットフォームの上面(11a)から突出して設けられ、前縁(13)および後縁(14)を有する少なくとも一つのフィン(12)と、
を備え、
前記後縁を含む前記少なくとも一つのフィンの後端面(19)は、前記フィンの高さ方向において前記プラットフォームの底面(11b)からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜した形状を有する。
前記フィンは、
前記高さ方向の第1位置(P1)において第1翼型(CP1)を有し、
前記高さ方向にて前記第1位置よりも前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が小さい第2位置(P2)において、前記第1翼型よりもサイズが大きい前記第1翼型の相似形(CP1’)と一致する前縁領域(102)と、前記相似形の一部が欠損した形状である後縁領域(104)とを含む第2翼型(CP2)を有する。
前記フィンは、前記高さ方向における第1位置における第1翼厚比が、前記高さ方向において前記第1位置よりも前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が小さい第2位置における第2翼厚比よりも小さい。
前記フィンの前記後端面の幅は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい減少する。
前記高さ方向から視たとき、前記フィンの後端部(14’)は、前記プラットフォームの外縁(11c)から外側に突出している。
前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記後端面の傾斜角(α)は、55度以上65度以下である。
前記フィンの高さ方向における少なくとも一部の領域にて、前記フィンの前縁は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜し、
前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記後端面の傾斜角は、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記前縁の傾斜角(β)よりも大きい。
前記フィンは、前記フィンの高さ方向に直交する断面内にて曲線形状の輪郭を有する前縁部(13’)を含むとともに、前記フィンのコードに関して対称な形状を有する。
前記フィンの翼厚比は、10%以上20%以下である。
前記フィンの高さ方向における少なくとも一部の領域にて、前記フィンの前縁は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜し、
前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記前縁の傾斜角は10度以上20度以下である。
前記フィンの前縁は、前記フィンの最大高さ位置まで前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜する。
前記プラットフォームは、前記フィンの高さ方向から視て円形を有する。
前記プラットフォーム及び前記フィンは樹脂から形成される。
翼本体(2)と、
前記翼本体の表面に取り付けられた上記(1)乃至(13)の何れか一項に記載のボルテックスジェネレータ(10)と、
を備える。
風車翼を含む風車ロータ(42)と、
前記風車ロータによって駆動されるように構成された発電機と、
を備える。
例えば、「同一」、「等しい」及び「均質」等の物事が等しい状態であることを表す表現は、厳密に等しい状態を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の差が存在している状態も表すものとする。
また、本明細書において、四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表す表現は、幾何学的に厳密な意味での四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表すのみならず、同じ効果が得られる範囲で、凹凸部や面取り部等を含む形状も表すものとする。
また、本明細書において、一の構成要素を「備える」、「含む」、又は、「有する」という表現は、他の構成要素の存在を除外する排他的な表現ではない。
2 翼本体
3 翼根
4 翼先端
5 翼型部
6 前縁
7 後縁
8 圧力面
9 負圧面
10 ボルテックスジェネレータ
11 プラットフォーム
11a 上面
11b 底面
11c 外縁
12,12A,12B フィン
13 前縁
13’ 前縁部
13a 前縁
13b 前縁
14 後縁
14’ 後端部
14a 後縁
14b 後縁
16 負圧面
17 基部
18 頂部
19 後端面
40 風力発電装置
42 ロータ
43 ハブ
44 ナセル
46 タワー
48 土台構造
102 前縁領域
104 後縁領域
CP1 第1翼型
CP2 第2翼型
P1 第1位置
P2 第2位置
Claims (15)
- プラットフォームと、
前記プラットフォームの上面から突出して設けられ、前縁および後縁を有する少なくとも一つのフィンと、
を備え、
前記後縁を含む前記少なくとも一つのフィンの後端面は、前記フィンの高さ方向において前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜した形状を有する
風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンは、
前記高さ方向の第1位置において第1翼型を有し、
前記高さ方向にて前記第1位置よりも前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が小さい第2位置において、前記第1翼型よりもサイズが大きい前記第1翼型の相似形と一致する前縁領域と、前記相似形の一部が欠損した形状である後縁領域とを含む第2翼型を有する
請求項1に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンは、前記高さ方向における第1位置における第1翼厚比が、前記高さ方向において前記第1位置よりも前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が小さい第2位置における第2翼厚比よりも小さい
請求項1又は2に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンの前記後端面の幅は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい減少する
請求項1乃至3の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記高さ方向から視たとき、前記フィンの後端部は、前記プラットフォームの外縁から外側に突出している
請求項1乃至4の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記後端面の傾斜角は、55度以上65度以下である
請求項1乃至5の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンの高さ方向における少なくとも一部の領域にて、前記フィンの前縁は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜し、
前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記後端面の傾斜角は、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記前縁の傾斜角よりも大きい
請求項1乃至6の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンは、前記フィンの高さ方向に直交する断面内にて曲線形状の輪郭を有する前縁部を含むとともに、前記フィンのコードに関して対称な形状を有する
請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンの翼厚比は、10%以上20%以下である
請求項1乃至8の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンの高さ方向における少なくとも一部の領域にて、前記フィンの前縁は、前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜し、
前記フィンのコード及び前記高さ方向を含む断面内にて、前記プラットフォームの前記底面に対する前記前縁の傾斜角は10度以上20度以下である
請求項1乃至9の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記フィンの前縁は、前記フィンの最大高さ位置まで前記高さ方向にて前記プラットフォームの前記底面からの距離が大きくなるにしたがい後方に傾斜する
請求項10に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記プラットフォームは、前記フィンの高さ方向から視て円形を有する
請求項1乃至11の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 前記プラットフォーム及び前記フィンは樹脂から形成された
請求項1乃至12の何れか一項に記載の風車翼用のボルテックスジェネレータ。 - 翼本体と、
前記翼本体の表面に取り付けられた請求項1乃至13の何れか一項に記載のボルテックスジェネレータと、
を備える風車翼。 - 請求項14に記載の風車翼を含む風車ロータと、
前記風車ロータによって駆動されるように構成された発電機と、
を備える風力発電装置。
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US12037977B2 (en) | 2024-07-16 |
JP2022085636A (ja) | 2022-06-08 |
US20230407837A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
CN116457572A (zh) | 2023-07-18 |
EP4234917A4 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
JP7114679B2 (ja) | 2022-08-08 |
EP4234917A1 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
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