WO2022113543A1 - 摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造及び鋳片の製造方法 - Google Patents
摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造及び鋳片の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022113543A1 WO2022113543A1 PCT/JP2021/037594 JP2021037594W WO2022113543A1 WO 2022113543 A1 WO2022113543 A1 WO 2022113543A1 JP 2021037594 W JP2021037594 W JP 2021037594W WO 2022113543 A1 WO2022113543 A1 WO 2022113543A1
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- Prior art keywords
- filler
- ladle
- layer
- molten steel
- sand
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150006573 PAN1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
- B22D41/46—Refractory plugging masses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filling structure for a filler of a sliding switchgear and a method for manufacturing a slab.
- a sliding switchgear (also referred to as a "sliding nozzle” or “rotary nozzle”) used for injecting molten steel into a tundish during continuous casting is provided at the bottom of a ladle that receives molten steel. ..
- a sliding switchgear in order to prevent the molten steel from solidifying in the nozzle of the sliding switchgear, in the nozzle of the sliding switchgear before receiving the molten steel in the ladle. Is filled with sand, which is a refractory filler.
- silica sand SiO 2 : 90% by mass to 99% by mass
- chromite sand produced by drying, classifying, etc. using chromite having a high melting temperature as a raw material may be used as sand filling.
- quartz sand has a low melting temperature
- chromite sand has a drawback that it is easily sintered during holding of molten steel. For this reason, in the conventional sand filling, a sintered layer is formed by the molten steel, and non-opening holes may occur in which the holes cannot be opened.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of filling the lower layer of the nozzle hole with chromite sand and the upper layer with silica sand. Further, in Patent Document 2, a mixture of silica sand and feldspar is placed in the upper layer of the molten metal outlet of the molten metal storage container (take pot), and sparingly meltable sand such as a mixture of silica sand and chromite sand is placed in the lower layer. The technology for allocating is disclosed. These techniques prevent the infiltration of molten steel by forming a dense melt at the interface between the sand and the molten steel arranged in the upper layer when the molten steel (molten metal) is injected.
- the sand placed in the lower layer is poorly meltable, even if the sand in the upper layer melts and the sand in the lower layer comes into direct contact with the molten steel, it does not melt and float, and even if it is treated at high temperature for a long time, it opens naturally. It is stated that the pore ratio can be obtained.
- Patent Document 3 states that by using a filler having a specific particle size distribution and blending ratio, a satisfactory pore size can be obtained by mixing particles having different specific densities almost uniformly.
- a sliding nozzle filler is disclosed in which chromite sand comprises 70% by weight to 90% by weight, silica sand comprises 10% by weight to 30% by weight, and chromite sand substantially contains sand having a particle size distribution of 500 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and has a filling structure for a filler of a sliding switchgear, which can obtain a high natural opening rate when a ladle with a large number of nozzles is used. And to provide a method for producing slabs.
- the present invention is a filler filling structure used for a sliding opening / closing device for a quartz pan, and has a three-layer structure composed of an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer.
- the upper layer is composed of a first filler containing silica sand as a main component
- the middle layer is composed of a second filler containing chromate sand and silica sand as main components
- the lower layer is composed of a second filler containing silica sand as a main component.
- the second filler has a filling structure of a filler of a sliding opening / closing device, which has fewer coarse particles than the third filler.
- it is a method of manufacturing a slab using a ladle for steelmaking having a sliding opening / closing device, and the above-mentioned ladle having a filling structure of a filler of the above-mentioned sliding opening / closing device.
- a method for producing a slab in which the slab is produced by injecting the slab into the continuous casting facility from a ladle.
- a filling structure for a filler of a sliding switchgear and a method for manufacturing a slab which can obtain a high natural opening rate when a ladle with a large number of nozzles is used. ..
- the sliding switchgear 2 is provided at the molten steel outlet of the ladle 1 and slides against the upper nozzle 21, the fixed plate 22 that supports the upper nozzle 21 from below, and the fixed plate 22. It includes a sliding plate 23 movably provided and a lower nozzle 24 mounted under the sliding plate 23.
- the upper nozzle 21 is supported by the nozzle receiving brick 11 fitted in the refractory material of the ladle from the side of the molten steel outlet.
- the sliding switchgear 2 takes two states, a closed position and an open position, by sliding the sliding plate 23 in the left-right direction of FIG.
- the closed position is a state in which the opening of the sliding plate 23 does not overlap with the opening of the fixed plate 22 as shown in FIG.
- the open position means that the sliding plate 23 moves to the left from the state shown in FIG. 1, and at least a part of the opening of the sliding plate 23 and the opening of the fixed plate 22 overlap. It is in a state of doing.
- the sliding switchgear 2 is in the open position, if the molten steel is housed in the ladle 1, the molten steel is discharged from the ladle 1 via the sliding switchgear 2.
- the ladle 1 is filled with the filler 3 in the sliding switchgear 2 in a state before receiving the molten steel.
- the filler 3 is filled in the sliding switchgear 2 by charging the filler into the molten steel outlet of the ladle 1 with the sliding switchgear 2 in the closed position.
- the filler 3 has a three-layer filling structure including an upper layer 41, a middle layer 42, and a lower layer 43 in this order from the upper side in the vertical direction.
- the upper layer 41 is made of a first filler 31.
- the first filler 31 is a packed sand containing silica sand as a main component, and preferably has 95% by mass or more of silica sand. Further, it is preferable that the first filler 31 contains 95% by mass or more of SiO 2 as a component. Further, the first filler 31 used as the upper layer 41 needs to cover the upper surface of the middle layer 42 after being charged into the ladle 1, and the charging method, the size of the molten steel outlet, and the holding of the molten steel are required. The amount used is set according to the thickness and the like required for the upper layer 41 set from the time and the like.
- the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 are composed of a second filler 32 and a third filler 33, respectively.
- the second filler 32 and the third filler 33 are stuffed sand in which silica sand is mixed with chromite sand, and the main components are chromite sand and silica sand.
- the mixing ratio of the chromate sand and the silica sand in the second filler 32 and the third filler 33 is not particularly limited, but the mass ratio of the silica sand to the chroma sand is preferably 15% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. ..
- Cr 2 O 3 is contained in an amount of 32% by mass or more and 38% by mass or less and SiO 2 is contained in an amount of 14% by mass or more and 28% by mass or less as components of the second filler 32 and the third filler 33.
- the particle size of the second filler 32 has less coarse particles than the particle size of the third filler 33.
- the substantial particle size of the second filler 32 is preferably 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 600 ⁇ m, and the substantial particle size of the third filler 33 is preferably 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m.
- the substantial particle size means that the ratio of the particles of the filler having the particle diameter in the above range is 99% by mass or more.
- the ratio of the mass of the second filler 32 of the middle layer 42 to the sum of the mass of the second filler 32 of the middle layer 42 and the mass of the third filler 33 of the lower layer 43 is 0. It is preferably 4 or more and 0.6 or less.
- the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 are preferably formed from the upper surface of the sliding plate 23 to the upper end of the nozzle receiving brick 11 in the vertical direction of the molten steel outlet.
- the upper layer 41 is formed so as to swell from the upper end of the nozzle receiving brick 11 centering on the molten steel outlet.
- the thickness of the upper layer 41 on the upper surface of the middle layer 42 is preferably 10 mm or more.
- the ladle 1 filled with the filler 3 as described above is operated by the following method, whereby slabs are manufactured.
- the molten steel is received in the ladle 1 filled with the filler 3, and the molten steel contained in the ladle 1 is subjected to the necessary secondary refining treatment.
- the molten steel is manufactured in a converter, an electric furnace, or the like, and is received from various smelting furnaces into a ladle 1.
- oxygen in the molten steel may be reduced by adding a deoxidizing agent such as aluminum to the molten steel (deoxidation, weak deoxidation).
- the secondary smelting process is performed in a secondary smelting facility appropriately selected according to the steel type, operating conditions, etc., for the purpose of adjusting the components, temperature, quality, etc. of the molten steel.
- the vacuum degassing process may be performed by the RH vacuum degassing device.
- the molten steel is continuously cast by a continuous casting machine. In continuous casting, pouring is performed from the ladle 1 into the tundish, and at that time, a hole opening process is performed in which the sliding opening / closing device 2 is operated to discharge the molten steel from the ladle 1.
- the sliding plate 23 is slid to move from the closed position to the open position (opening the sliding opening / closing device 2), so that the positions of the holes of the sliding plate 23 and the lower nozzle 24 and the upper nozzle 21 And the position of the hole of the fixing plate 22 coincides with each other, and the filler 3 drops due to the weight of the molten steel. Then, as the filler 3 falls, the molten steel falls and flows out.
- a natural opening a phenomenon that molten steel naturally flows out when the sliding switchgear 2 is set to the open position
- a non-open hole a phenomenon in which molten steel does not flow out even when the sliding switchgear 2 is in the open position. In the unlikely event that a non-open hole occurs, a process of cleaning the inside of the nozzle with oxygen to open the hole is performed.
- the molten steel is held in the ladle 1 during the period from receiving the molten steel in the ladle 1 to injecting the molten steel into the tundish. At that time, the surface of the upper layer 41 of the filler 3 is in contact with the molten steel.
- the upper layer 41 is composed of the first filler 31 containing silica sand having a relatively low melting point as a main component, the portion of the surface of the upper layer 41 in contact with the molten steel is slightly melted.
- a dense layer in which the molten layer is impregnated into the packed layer of the solid filler 3 is formed. By forming this dense layer, the infiltration of molten steel downward into the filler 3 is suppressed.
- the upper layer of the filler 3 gradually melts, and the thickness of the upper layer gradually decreases. As a result, the interface position between the molten steel and the surface of the upper layer 41 descends. Then, when the upper layer 41 is completely melted, the middle layer 42 comes into direct contact with the molten steel. By appropriately melting the upper layer 41, the time until the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 are exposed to the molten steel is delayed, and the sintering of the filler 3 arranged in the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 also progresses. It can be suppressed.
- the time from receiving the molten steel to the ladle 1 to opening the sliding switchgear 2 becomes long, sintering of the filler 3 proceeds. Therefore, by shortening this time, the natural opening rate can be increased. Can be enhanced. If the time from receiving the molten steel to the ladle 1 to opening the sliding switchgear 2 exceeds 8 hours, non-opening holes may occur, so this time is preferably set to 8 hours or less.
- a filler 3 in which silica sand is mixed with chromite sand is used for the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43.
- a mixture of chromite sand and silica sand it is possible to compensate for both the drawbacks of chromite sand, which is easy to sinter when used alone, and the drawback of silica sand, which has a low melting temperature, although the melting temperature is high. can. That is, even if the upper layer 41 is completely melted and the middle layer 42 comes into direct contact with the molten steel, the filler 3 is less likely to melt, and even if the contact time is extended, the sintering thickness and the sintering strength are increased. Becomes smaller. As a result, the natural opening rate can be increased.
- the number of coarse particles of the second filler 32 to be filled in the middle layer 42 is smaller than that of the third filler 33 to be filled in the lower layer 43.
- the inventor first devised a method of arranging a mixture of chromite sand and silica sand in the filler as described above, but the natural opening rate did not reach 100% by itself, and non-opening occurred. As a result of investigating the operating conditions in which non-open holes occurred, it was found that non-open holes were more common in the case of ladle with a large number of nozzles. Then, the present inventor has diligently studied the influence of the number of times the nozzle is used on the sand filling, and has arrived at the present invention.
- the number of times the nozzle is used is the number of times that the steelmaking process from receiving the molten steel to discharging the molten steel after the nozzle receiving brick 11 is provided in the ladle 1 is counted as one time, and the nozzle receiving brick 11 is used. Is the number of times that was used in the steelmaking process.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ladle 1 in which the nozzle is frequently used.
- the nozzle receiving bricks 11 are melted and the height thereof is close to the upper end of the upper nozzle 21 as compared with the state immediately after the nozzle receiving bricks 11 are provided as shown in FIG. It can be seen that it has decreased to.
- the second filler 32 to be filled at the position corresponding to the middle layer 42 spreads and fills so as to cover the upper surface of the upper nozzle 21. Therefore, the contact area between the second filler 32 and the molten steel may increase, and the temperature of the filler 3 may rise to promote sintering.
- the sintered filler 3 was collected from the pan in which the non-open holes were generated, and analyzed by SEM-EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis by a scanning electron microscope). As a result, permeation of the bare metal (that is, permeation of molten steel) was not confirmed, but CaO, SiO 2 , FeO, Al 2 O 3 , etc. were found in the gaps between the particles of silica sand and chromate sand, which are the constituent materials of the filler 3. The slag component of was confirmed.
- the molten slag that permeates into the filler 3 often has a lower melting point and a higher viscosity than the molten steel. Therefore, rather than stopping the permeation of the molten slag by solidifying it in the sand, it is considered effective to increase the flow resistance and suppress the permeation of the slag.
- the second filler 32 to be filled in the middle layer 42 has fewer coarse particles than the third filler 33, and the particle gap of the filler 3 is reduced.
- the flow resistance of the slag in the filler 3 can be increased to prevent permeation.
- the particle size of the filler 3 containing the chromite sand is made finer, the sintering itself of the chromite sand is likely to occur regardless of the presence or absence of slag permeation.
- the particle size of only the second filler 32 of the middle layer 42 which is a portion likely to come into contact with the slag, is made finer, and the particle size of the third filler 33 of the lower layer 43 is made coarser. ..
- the sintering range is limited to the inside of the middle layer 42, so that the thickness of the sintered layer does not increase and the holes do not reach.
- the second filler 32 preferably has a substantial particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 600 ⁇ m
- the third filler 33 has a substantial particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m. Is preferable.
- the uniform filler can be improved, the formation of an excessive sintered layer is suppressed, and the shelf due to thermal expansion is suppressed. Suspension can be prevented and penetration of slag and ground iron can be reduced. Therefore, the natural opening rate can be improved.
- the chromite sand is likely to be sintered regardless of the presence or absence of slag infiltration, so it is desirable that the particle size is 53 ⁇ m or more.
- the third filler 33 of the lower layer 43 contains particles having a particle size of 850 ⁇ m or more, it becomes difficult for the chromite sand and the silica sand to be uniformly mixed, so that a portion where molten steel easily permeates is formed. May be done. If the molten steel permeates the portion, the molten steel solidifies inside the filler 3 to form a strong sintered layer, which may cause non-open holes.
- the slag adhering to and remaining on the nozzle receiving brick 11 and the like melts and permeates into the packed sand.
- the particle size of the second filler 32 of the middle layer 42 is less than 600 ⁇ m, which is smaller than the third filler 33 of the lower layer 43, slag permeation is prevented more effectively and slag does not permeate. It is also possible to prevent site sintering.
- the particle size in the present embodiment means a value measured according to the JIS casting sand test method (Z2601). Briefly explaining this method, in the case of the chromite sand for the third filler 33, for example, a sieve having a nominal size of 53 ⁇ m is overlaid with a sieve having a nominal size of 850 ⁇ m, and the raw material chromite sand is placed on the sieve having a nominal size of 850 ⁇ m. Using a sieving machine such as a low-tap type sieving machine, the chromite sand remaining between the two sieves is used as a chromite sand having a particle size distribution of 53 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m.
- the silica sand is also sifted in the same manner to obtain silica sand having a particle size distribution of 53 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m, and the obtained chromite sand and silica sand are mixed at a predetermined ratio to obtain a third filler 33.
- the second filler 32 is obtained in the same manner as the third filler 33, except that the nominal dimensions of the sieve used are changed to 53 ⁇ m and 600 ⁇ m.
- the ratio is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less.
- the ratio of the second filler 32 described above is smaller than 0.4, the thickness of the middle layer 42 may become thin and the penetration of slag may proceed to the lower layer 43.
- the ratio of the second filler 32 described above is larger than 0.6, the thickness of the middle layer 42 becomes thick, and when a sintered layer that does not depend on the penetration of slag is formed, the middle layer 42 As the layer thickness increases, the sintered layer also becomes thicker, which may cause non-open holes.
- the sliding switchgear 2 is a two-layer switchgear having a fixed plate 22 and a sliding plate 23, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- the sliding switchgear 2 is a three-layer switchgear having a lower plate provided on the lower surface of the sliding plate 23 and fixed to the fixing plate 22 in addition to the configuration of the switching mechanism described above. You may. In this case, the lower nozzle 24 is attached to the lower plate.
- the substantial particle size of the second filler 32 is preferably 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 600 ⁇ m, and the substantial particle size of the third filler 33 is 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- the first mesh which is the finest mesh among the meshes through which 99% by mass or more of the particles constituting the second filler 32 can pass, is 99 of the particles constituting the third filler 33. It may be smaller than the second mesh, which is the finest mesh among the meshes through which mass% or more can pass.
- the second filler 32 and the third filler 33 it is preferable that particles having the same particle size distribution are sorted by sieves having different sieve meshes.
- sand of the same raw material is used as the second filler 32 under a sieve having a nominal size of 0.6 mm, excluding those that did not pass through a sieve having a nominal size of 0.6 mm, and has a nominal size of 0.85 mm.
- the material under the sieve having a nominal size of 0.85 mm may be used as the third filler 33.
- the particle size of the particle having the largest particle size among the particles constituting the second filler 32 is smaller than the particle size of the particle having the largest particle size among the particles constituting the third filler 33. May be good.
- the filling structure of the filler 3 of the sliding opening / closing device 2 is the filling structure of the filler 3 used in the sliding opening / closing device 2 of the quartz pan 1. It has a three-layer structure composed of a layer 41, a middle layer 42, and a lower layer 43.
- the upper layer 41 is composed of a first filler 31 containing silica sand as a main component, and the middle layer 42 is chromite.
- the lower layer 43 is composed of a third filler 33 containing chromate sand and quartz sand as main components, and the second filler 32 is composed of a second filler 32 containing sand and silica sand as main components. There are fewer particles with a coarser grain size than the third filler 33.
- the middle layer 42 suppresses the penetration of the molten slag into the filler 3.
- the sintering range can be reduced. Therefore, even in the ladle 1 in which the nozzle is frequently used, the filler 3 is difficult to sinter, and molten steel and slag are difficult to permeate.
- the first filler 31 containing silica sand as a main component by having the first filler 31 containing silica sand as a main component, a dense layer is formed in the upper layer 41 by melting the silica sand as described above. , It is possible to suppress the intrusion of molten steel below the filler 3. As a result, the molten steel can be held in the ladle 1 for a long time. From the above, according to the configuration of the above (1), an extremely high natural opening rate can be obtained.
- the particle size of the particle having the largest particle size among the particles constituting the second filler is the particle having the largest particle size among the particles constituting the third filler. Is smaller than the particle size of.
- the first mesh which is the finest mesh among the meshes through which 99% by mass or more of the particles constituting the second filler can pass, is the third filling. It is smaller than the second mesh, which is the finest mesh among the meshes through which 99% by mass or more of the particles constituting the material can pass.
- the second filler 32 contains 99% by mass or more of particles having a particle diameter of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 600 ⁇ m
- the third filler 33 contains. It contains 99% by mass or more of particles having a particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m.
- the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 are less likely to be sintered.
- the particle size of the second filler 32 is set to less than 600 ⁇ m, the permeation of the molten slag is further suppressed.
- the particle size of the third filler 33 to less than 850 ⁇ m, the chromite sand and the silica sand can be mixed more uniformly.
- the ratio of the mass of the second filler 32 used for the middle layer 42 to the mass of the second filler 32 is 0.4 or more and 0.6 or less. According to the above configuration (5), it is possible to suppress the permeation of the molten slag and the thickness of the sintered layer at the same time, and it is possible to further improve the natural opening rate.
- the sliding opening / closing device 2 according to any one of the above (1) to (5), which is a method for manufacturing a slab using a steelmaking ladle 1 having a sliding opening / closing device 2.
- the molten steel is received in the ladle 1 having the filling structure of the filler 3, the molten steel contained in the ladle 1 is subjected to the secondary refining treatment, and the sliding opening / closing device 2 is opened in the continuous casting facility to perform the secondary refining.
- a slab is manufactured by injecting the smelted molten steel from the ladle 1 into a continuous casting facility.
- the configuration of (6) above the same effect as the configuration of (1) to (5) above can be obtained.
- the time from receiving the molten steel in the ladle 1 to opening the sliding switchgear 2 is set to 8 hours or less. According to the configuration of (7) above, the natural opening rate can be further increased.
- the filler 3 was filled in the sliding opening / closing device 2 provided at the bottom of the 200t ladle 1, operated for 2 months, and the natural opening rates were compared.
- the structure of the filler 3 is a three-layer structure including an upper layer 41, a middle layer 42, and a lower layer 43, as in the above embodiment. Further, in the example, 10 kg of silica sand was used as the first filler 31 in the upper layer 41.
- the middle layer 42 is filled with chromite sand having a substantial particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 600 ⁇ m and silica sand mixed at a mass ratio of 75:25 (chromite sand: silica sand). 10 kg was used.
- the lower layer 43 is filled with chromite sand having a substantial particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m and silica sand mixed at a mass ratio of 75:25 (chromite sand: silica sand). 10 kg was used.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of the particle size distribution of the packed sand used as the second filler 32 and the third filler 33 of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the filling sand shown in sample A was used as the second filler 32 in the example
- the filling sand shown in sample B was the third filler 33 in the example and the second filler 32 in the comparative example. It was used as the filler 32 of 2 and the filler 33 of the third.
- the mass ratio corresponding to the nominal size of the sieve indicates the particle size distribution measured according to the JIS casting sand test method (Z2601). Further, in Table 1, the mass ratio whose nominal size of the sieve is indicated by "pan” indicates particles having a particle size of less than 0.053 mm, which finally passes through the sieve of 0.053 mm.
- the comparative example 10 kg of silica sand is used as the first filler 31 in the upper layer 41, and the middle layer 42 and the lower layer 43 are substantially used as the second filler 32 and the third filler 33.
- 10 kg each of stuffed sand in which chromite sand having a specific particle size of 53 ⁇ m or more and less than 850 ⁇ m and silica sand were mixed at a mass ratio of 75:25 (chromite sand: silica sand) was used. That is, in the comparative example, the same material was used for the second filler 32 and the third filler 33, and the filler structure of the filler 3 was substantially a two-layer structure.
- the results of Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis is an index with the natural opening rate of the example as 100.0. As shown in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the natural opening rate was improved by making the filling structure of the filler 3 the same as that of the above embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
そこで、本発明は、上記の課題に着目してなされたものであり、ノズル使用回数の多い取鍋を用いる場合において、高い自然開孔率が得られる、摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造及び鋳片の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
本発明の一態様によれば、摺動開閉装置を有する製鋼用の取鍋を用いた鋳片の製造方法であって、上記の摺動開閉装置の充填剤の充填構造を有する上記取鍋に溶鋼を受鋼し、上記取鍋に収容された上記溶鋼に二次精錬処理を施し、連続鋳造設備にて上記摺動開閉装置を開いて、上記二次精錬処理を施された上記溶鋼を上記取鍋から上記連続鋳造設備に注入することで、鋳片を製造する、鋳片の製造方法が提供される。
充填材3のこのような構造は、摺動開閉装置2が閉位置の状態で、溶鋼流出口に、第3の充填材33、第2の充填材32及び第1の充填材31が順に投入され、充填されることで形成される。
以上で、特定の実施形態を参照して本発明を説明したが、これら説明によって発明を限定することを意図するものではない。本発明の説明を参照することにより、当業者には、開示された実施形態とともに種々の変形例を含む本発明の別の実施形態も明らかである。従って、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の実施形態には、本明細書に記載したこれらの変形例を単独または組み合わせて含む実施形態も網羅すると解すべきである。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る摺動開閉装置2の充填材3の充填構造は、製鋼用の取鍋1の摺動開閉装置2に用いられる充填材3の充填構造であって、上部層41と、中部層42と、下部層43とで構成される3層構造を有し、上部層41は、珪砂を主成分とする第1の充填材31からなり、中部層42は、クロマイトサンドと珪砂とを主成分とする第2の充填材32からなり、下部層43は、クロマイトサンドと珪砂とを主成分とする第3の充填材33からなり、第2の充填材32は、第3の充填材33よりも粒度が粗い粒子が少ない。
(3)上記(1)の構成において、第2の充填材を構成する粒子の99質量%以上が通過可能な篩目のうち最も細かい篩目である第1の篩目が、第3の充填材を構成する粒子の99質量%以上が通過可能な篩目のうち最も細かい篩目である第2の篩目よりも小さい。
上記(4)の構成によれば、粒子径を53μm以上とすることで、中部層42及び下部層43がより焼結しにくくなる。また、第2の充填材32の粒子径を600μm未満とすることで、溶融スラグの浸透がより抑制される。さらに、第3の充填材33の粒子径を850μm未満とすることで、クロマイトサンドと珪砂とをより均一に混合させることができる。
上記(5)の構成によれば、溶融スラグの浸透の抑制と、焼結層の厚みの抑制とを両立させることができ、自然開孔率をより向上させることができる。
上記(6)の構成によれば、上記(1)~(5)の構成と同様な効果が得られる。
(7)上記(6)の構成において、溶鋼を取鍋1に受鋼してから摺動開閉装置2を開くまでの時間を8時間以内とする。
上記(7)の構成によれば、自然開孔率をより高めることができる。
実施例では、上記実施形態と同様に、充填材3の構造を、上部層41と、中部層42と、下部層43とからなる3層構造とした。また、実施例では、上部層41には、第1の充填材31として、10kgの珪砂を用いた。中部層42には、第2の充填材32として、実質的な粒度が53μm以上600μm未満のクロマイトサンドと珪砂とを、質量比で75:25(クロマイトサンド:珪砂)で混合させた詰砂を10kg用いた。下部層43には、第3の充填材33として、実質的な粒度が53μm以上850μm未満のクロマイトサンドと珪砂とを、質量比で75:25(クロマイトサンド:珪砂)で混合させた詰砂を10kg用いた。
実施例及び比較例の結果を図3に示す。図3において、縦軸は、実施例の自然開孔率を100.0として指数化したものである。図3に示すように、充填材3の充填構造を上記実施形態と同様にすることで、自然開孔率が向上することが確認できた。
11 ノズル受けレンガ
2 摺動開閉装置
21 上ノズル
22 固定プレート
23 摺動プレート
24 下部ノズル
3 充填材
31 第1の充填材
32 第2の充填材
33 第3の充填材
41 上部層
42 中部層
43 下部層
Claims (7)
- 製鋼用の取鍋の摺動開閉装置に用いられる充填材の充填構造であって、
上部層と、中部層と、下部層とで構成される3層構造を有し、
前記上部層は、珪砂を主成分とする第1の充填材からなり、
前記中部層は、クロマイトサンドと珪砂とを主成分とする第2の充填材からなり、
前記下部層は、クロマイトサンドと珪砂とを主成分とする第3の充填材からなり、
前記第2の充填材は、前記第3の充填材よりも粒度が粗い粒子が少ない、摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造。 - 前記第2の充填材を構成する粒子のうち最も粒子径が大きい粒子の粒子径は、前記第3の充填材を構成する粒子のうち最も粒子径が大きい粒子の粒子径よりも小さい、請求項1に記載の摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造。
- 前記第2の充填材を構成する粒子の99質量%以上が通過可能な篩目のうち最も細かい篩目である第1の篩目が、前記第3の充填材を構成する粒子の99質量%以上が通過可能な篩目のうち最も細かい篩目である第2の篩目よりも小さい、請求項1に記載の摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造。
- 前記第2の充填材は、粒子径が53μm以上600μm未満の粒子を99質量%以上含み、
前記第3の充填材は、粒子径が53μm以上850μm未満の粒子を99質量%以上含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造。 - 前記中部層に用いられる前記第2の充填材の質量と前記下部層に用いられる前記第3の充填材の質量との和に対する、前記中部層に用いられる前記第2の充填材の質量の比は、0.4以上0.6以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の摺動開閉装置の充填材の充填構造。
- 摺動開閉装置を有する製鋼用の取鍋を用いた鋳片の製造方法であって、
請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の摺動開閉装置の充填剤の充填構造を有する前記取鍋に溶鋼を受鋼し、
前記取鍋に収容された前記溶鋼に二次精錬処理を施し、
連続鋳造設備にて前記摺動開閉装置を開いて、前記二次精錬処理を施された前記溶鋼を前記取鍋から前記連続鋳造設備に注入することで、鋳片を製造する、鋳片の製造方法。 - 前記溶鋼を前記取鍋に受鋼してから前記摺動開閉装置を開くまでの時間を8時間以内とする、請求項6に記載の鋳片の製造方法。
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JPS57139466A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Packing for sliding nozzle of ladle for out of furnace smelting |
JP2005088020A (ja) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-07 | Jfe Steel Kk | 取鍋摺動開閉装置用充填材の充填構造 |
JP2006297426A (ja) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-11-02 | Yamakawa Sangyo Kk | 取鍋摺動開閉装置用充填材 |
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CN110496959A (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 乌兰察布市西蒙鼎新技术开发有限公司 | 一种引流砂的制备方法 |
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JPS57139466A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Packing for sliding nozzle of ladle for out of furnace smelting |
JP2005088020A (ja) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-07 | Jfe Steel Kk | 取鍋摺動開閉装置用充填材の充填構造 |
JP2006297426A (ja) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-11-02 | Yamakawa Sangyo Kk | 取鍋摺動開閉装置用充填材 |
KR20100096831A (ko) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-02 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 래들의 필러 투입장치 및 투입방법 |
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