WO2022110761A1 - Climatiseur - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2022110761A1
WO2022110761A1 PCT/CN2021/099382 CN2021099382W WO2022110761A1 WO 2022110761 A1 WO2022110761 A1 WO 2022110761A1 CN 2021099382 W CN2021099382 W CN 2021099382W WO 2022110761 A1 WO2022110761 A1 WO 2022110761A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrosting
heat exchanger
flow path
outdoor
outdoor heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/099382
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张恒
夏兴祥
孟建军
董辰
高永坤
Original Assignee
青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司
Publication of WO2022110761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022110761A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0251—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units being defrosted alternately
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/029—Control issues
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/19—Pumping down refrigerant from one part of the cycle to another part of the cycle, e.g. when the cycle is changed from cooling to heating, or before a defrost cycle is started

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular, to an air conditioner.
  • the technology of air source heat pump is becoming more and more mature, and it is widely used in domestic and commercial fields.
  • the air source heat pump has a big problem in the heating operation: when the outdoor temperature and humidity reach a certain condition, frost will form on the air side of the outdoor heat exchanger, and as the amount of frost increases, the surface of the evaporator will gradually be blocked , resulting in the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger and the increase in the gas flow resistance, which seriously affects the heating effect of the machine. Therefore, the unit needs to be defrosted regularly.
  • Some embodiments of the present application provide an air conditioner, comprising:
  • An outdoor unit, the outdoor unit includes:
  • a flow path switching device for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor
  • a flow path throttling device for throttling part of the refrigerant from the compressor switched by the flow path switching device
  • a first control valve which is connected in parallel with the flow path throttling device
  • Defrosting switching device is provided with 2, is connected with two outdoor heat exchangers respectively, is used for switching described outdoor heat exchanger to communicate with described flow path throttling device or communicate with gas-liquid separator;
  • a throttling device one end of which is connected to a position where a liquid pipe throttling device is connected to the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to another liquid pipe throttling device that is connected to a position corresponding to the outdoor heat exchanger;
  • a control device when one of the outdoor heat exchangers in the outdoor unit needs to be defrosted, the control device controls the flow path switching device, the flow path throttling device, the first control valve, the defrosting switching device, and the liquid pipe throttling A device and a throttling device, so that the outdoor heat exchanger to be defrosted is implemented as a defrosting heat exchanger, and the remaining one outdoor heat exchanger is implemented as an evaporator;
  • the control device controls the flow path switching device to open; controls the flow path throttle device to open; controls the defrost switching device to flow out from the flow path throttle device
  • the refrigerant is communicated with the main gas pipe of the defrosting heat exchanger; the liquid pipe throttling device and the first control valve communicated with the defrosting heat exchanger are controlled to be closed; and the throttling device is controlled to be opened.
  • FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of an air conditioner according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of defrosting an outdoor heat exchanger according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a system structure diagram of another embodiment of the air conditioner of the present application.
  • the refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.
  • the refrigeration cycle includes a series of processes involving compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation, and supplies refrigerant to air that has been conditioned and heat-exchanged.
  • the compressor compresses the refrigerant gas in a high temperature and high pressure state and discharges the compressed refrigerant gas.
  • the discharged refrigerant gas flows into the condenser.
  • the condenser condenses the compressed refrigerant into a liquid phase, and heat is released to the surrounding environment through the condensation process.
  • the expansion valve expands the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant condensed in the condenser into a low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant.
  • the evaporator evaporates the refrigerant expanded in the expansion valve and returns the refrigerant gas in a low temperature and low pressure state to the compressor.
  • the evaporator can achieve the cooling effect by using the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant to exchange heat with the material to be cooled.
  • the air conditioner regulates the temperature of the indoor space.
  • the air conditioner outdoor unit refers to a part including a compressor of a refrigeration cycle and an outdoor heat exchanger
  • the air conditioner indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger
  • an expansion valve may be provided in the air conditioner indoor unit or the outdoor unit.
  • Indoor heat exchangers and outdoor heat exchangers are used as condensers or evaporators.
  • the air conditioner is used as a heater in a heating mode
  • the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator
  • the air conditioner is used as a cooler in a cooling mode.
  • the air source heat pump includes an indoor unit and an outdoor unit.
  • Each indoor unit has a plurality of indoor heat exchangers and corresponding indoor fans, and the plurality of indoor heat exchangers are arranged in parallel.
  • the reverse defrost is performed by opening the four-way valve, and the outdoor unit is switched to a condenser, and the sensible heat and latent heat of condensation of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant are used to defrost, which has a fast defrosting speed and good reliability.
  • the heating operation will stop, and at the same time, because the indoor heat exchanger is switched to the evaporator, it will absorb heat from the room, and the indoor temperature will drop significantly, affecting the indoor thermal comfort.
  • Hot gas bypass defrosting without changing the refrigerant flow direction of the system, use the bypass branch to introduce the compressor exhaust gas into an outdoor heat exchanger to be defrosted for defrosting, and other outdoor heat exchangers still maintain the system. Hot operation to achieve uninterrupted heating.
  • This kind of uninterrupted heating and defrosting method uses the heat converted from the power consumption of the compressor to defrost, which belongs to low-pressure defrosting, with less heat and long defrosting time; when defrosting with hot gas bypass, it uses low-pressure sensible heat to defrost, and the temperature is lower , the heat exchange temperature difference with the frost layer is small, and the defrosting reliability is poor; although the refrigerant flow direction is not changed during defrosting, the refrigerant flow rate of the indoor unit is very small, the system does not supply heat to the indoor unit, the indoor temperature during defrosting is reduced, and the user is comfortable Bad sex.
  • the outdoor unit is the outdoor unit of the air conditioner as described above.
  • the designed air conditioner is a stand-alone air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner includes an indoor unit and an outdoor unit.
  • the indoor unit may correspondingly include a plurality of indoor heat exchangers.
  • the indoor unit includes two indoor heat exchangers, which are the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2 and the indoor fan ( Not shown), two indoor fans are provided for blowing the cold air or hot air generated by the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2 to the indoor space respectively.
  • the outdoor unit is set as W1, and the number of outdoor heat exchangers is two.
  • the outdoor unit W1 includes a compressor 1, a flow path switching device 3, a flow path throttle device 19, a first control valve 18, two outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 arranged in parallel, corresponding to the outdoor heat exchangers respectively Two defrost switching devices 21 and 20 of 4-1 and 4-2, two liquid pipe throttle devices 6-1 and 6-2, two outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2, one throttle device 28 And the gas-liquid separator 14.
  • the flow switching device 3 switches the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the indoor unit or the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the flow path switching device 3 is a four-way valve with four terminals C, D, S and E.
  • the flow path switching device 3 is a pilot-operated three-way valve or other low-resistance three-way valve.
  • the three-pipe heat recovery multi-line air conditioner it is divided into the main cooling mode (that is, the indoor unit has two states of cooling and heating, and the cooling load is greater than the heating load, and the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser. ) and the main heating mode (that is, the indoor unit has two states of cooling and heating, and the heating load is greater than the cooling load, and the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator at this time).
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 or 4-2 in the outdoor unit W1 or the outdoor heat exchanger 4 in the outdoor unit W1 -1 (or 4-2) for defrosting there is no difference.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 and the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 in the outdoor unit W1 are defrosted alternately, that is, when the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is defrosted, the outdoor The heat exchanger 4-2 performs heating operation, and when the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted, the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 performs heating operation, thereby realizing uninterrupted heating for defrosting.
  • the number of outdoor heat exchangers and the number of outdoor fans are the same and correspond one-to-one.
  • the first control valve 18 is a solenoid valve or a large-diameter two-way valve, which can be a reversible two-way valve with extremely low resistance and does not have a throttling function.
  • the first control valve 18 is connected in parallel with the flow path switching device 3.
  • the first control valve 18 can be opened to allow the refrigerant to flow through the first control valve 18, thereby reducing the pressure loss of the flow path and improving the overall flow rate. machine performance.
  • the flow path throttling device 19, the liquid pipe throttling device 6-1/6-2, and the throttling device 28 all use fixed opening throttling elements such as electronic expansion valves, bidirectional thermal expansion valves, or capillary tubes. .
  • the flow path throttling device 19 and the throttling device 28 can be used to adjust the defrosting pressure when one of the outdoor heat exchangers is defrosting to prevent heat waste due to excessive defrosting pressure.
  • the defrosting switching device 21/20 adopts a four-way valve, which has four terminals C, D, S and E.
  • C and D are connected and S and E are connected.
  • C and S are connected and D and E are connected.
  • the two defrost switching devices 21 and 20 may be pilot-operated three-way valves or other low-resistance three-way valves.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows out through the check valve 2, and the refrigerant after being switched by the flow path switching device 3, if it enters the outdoor side, it will first pass through the flow path restricting device 19 and/or with the The first control valve 18 is connected in parallel with the flow path restriction device 19 .
  • the refrigerant throttled by the flow path throttling device 19 is selected to enter the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 or 4-2 through the state of the defrosting switching device 21/20 corresponding to the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1/4-2, That is, it alternately flows into the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2.
  • Part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 switched by the flow path switching device 3 can be throttled to an appropriate pressure through the flow path throttling device 19 and then enter the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 through the defrosting switching device 21 for heat exchange Defrost.
  • Part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 switched by the flow path switching device 3 can be throttled to an appropriate pressure through the flow path throttling device 19 and then passed through the defrosting switching device 20 to enter the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 for heat exchange Defrost.
  • the control device is used to control the flow path switching device 3, the flow path throttle device 19, the first control valve 18, the defrost switching devices 21 and 20, the liquid pipe throttle devices 6-1 and 6-2, and throttling device 28 to defrost one of the outdoor heat exchangers in the outdoor unit.
  • the air conditioner has a normal heating operation mode, a normal cooling operation mode, a reverse defrost operation mode, and an alternate defrost operation mode.
  • the normal heating operation mode is no different from the normal heating operation mode of the air conditioner.
  • the control method of the device and the flow direction of the refrigerant are the same as the normal heating operation mode of the air conditioner.
  • the flow path restricting device 19 in the outdoor unit W1 can be at any opening degree, in some embodiments, the first control valve is closed. 18 can be closed or opened, in some embodiments, open, the defrost switching devices 21 and 20 are both powered on, the liquid pipe throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 are both open, and the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 All open, the throttle device 28 may be at any opening, and in some embodiments, closed.
  • D and E in the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are connected and C and S are connected.
  • the flow path switching device 3 is powered on and reversed, so that D and E are connected and C and S are connected. D and E of the switching device 3 enter the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 into the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2 through the gas-side shut-off valve 13 and the first extension pipe 12.
  • the heat After heat exchange in the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2, the heat is condensed and released to become a liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant passes through the indoor unit side throttling devices 10-1 and 10-2, the second extension pipe 9 and the liquid side cutoff Valve 8, enters the liquid pipe throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 to throttle to low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two states, and the two-phase refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 to evaporate and absorb heat and become gaseous .
  • the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 enters the gas-liquid separator 14 through C and S of the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20, and is finally compressed by the suction compressor 1 to complete the heating cycle.
  • the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are always on throughout the normal heating operation mode.
  • the normal cooling operation mode is no different from the normal cooling operation mode of the air conditioner.
  • the flow throttling device 19 in the outdoor unit W1 is at any opening degree, and in some embodiments, the first control valve 18 is opened. Open, the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are both powered off and closed, the liquid pipe throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 are both open, the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are both open, and the throttling device 28 is at any opening. In some embodiments, off.
  • D and C in the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are connected and E and S are connected.
  • the flow switching device 2 is powered off and closed. By default, D and C are connected and E and S are connected.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and passes through the check valve 2 and the first control valve 18 (due to the flow path section).
  • the flow device 19 and the first control valve 18 are connected in parallel. Therefore, as long as the first control valve 18 is opened, the refrigerant will all flow through the first control valve 18 and then enter the defrosting switching device 21 regardless of whether the flow path throttle device 19 is opened or not.
  • D and C of and 20 enter the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2. The effect of reducing the pressure loss of the flow path is achieved by the first control valve 18.
  • the refrigerant entering the indoor side is throttled by the retention devices 10-1 and 10-2, it enters the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2 to evaporate and absorb heat and become gaseous.
  • the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11 The refrigerant from -2 enters the gas-liquid separator 14 through the first extension pipe 12, the gas-side shut-off valve 13 and the E and S of the flow switching device 3, and is finally sucked into the compressor 1 for compression to complete the refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. 1 .
  • the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are always on throughout the normal cooling operation mode.
  • the compressor 1 When the control device of the air conditioner detects and determines that the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 or 4-2 needs to be defrosted, the compressor 1 first reduces the frequency or stops directly, and the indoor fans and outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 in the outdoor unit W1 and the outdoor fan in the outdoor unit module W2 stop running.
  • the air conditioner operates in the normal cooling operation mode, and uses all the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 as condensers, and starts defrosting, that is, stops heating for all indoor units and replaces all outdoor heat exchangers. Heater defrosts.
  • the air conditioner After defrosting is completed, the air conditioner re-enters the normal heating operation mode.
  • the rotation defrosting operation mode is operated under the condition that the outdoor heat exchanger needs to be defrosted, and the indoor unit is still expected to have a certain heating capacity, so that the outdoor heat exchanger to be defrosted (that is, the defrosting change While defrosting the heater), the air conditioner can maintain uninterrupted heating, reduce indoor temperature fluctuations, and enhance the heating comfort of users.
  • the defrosting pressure of the defrosting heat exchanger controls the defrosting pressure of the defrosting heat exchanger.
  • the defrosting efficiency is high, and the defrosting The time is short, and the heat obtained by the indoor unit is large, and the user comfort is high.
  • the two outdoor heat exchangers to be defrosted execute the alternate defrosting operation mode.
  • S3 Determine whether the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 meet the defrosting conditions, if so, go to S4, if not, continue to execute the normal heating operation mode of S2.
  • the defrosting condition can be judged according to the existing judgment basis.
  • the judgment is made according to the operating time of the compressor 1 and the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the temperature of the outdoor unit coil.
  • S4 The alternate defrosting operation mode is sequentially performed for a plurality of defrosting heat exchangers.
  • the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 are alternately defrosted according to the frost amounts of the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 to be defrosted.
  • the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2 can be defrosted sequentially according to the order of the frost formation from large to small.
  • the amount of frost can be judged by detecting the indicators representing the amount of frost, such as the heating capacity of the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, the blowing temperature of the indoor unit, At least one of the liquid pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the like is detected, and the amount of frost formation in the outdoor heat exchangers 4-2 and 4-2 is predicted based on the change in the detected value.
  • the indicators representing the amount of frost such as the heating capacity of the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, the blowing temperature of the indoor unit, At least one of the liquid pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and the like is detected, and the amount of frost formation in the outdoor heat exchangers 4-2 and 4-2 is predicted based on the change in the detected value.
  • the temperature of the liquid pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger is used to determine the amount of frost. The lower the temperature of the liquid pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger, the greater the amount of frost.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 should be defrosted first to avoid excessive frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1. Frost will affect its normal operation. At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is in the normal heating operation mode.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is performed as a defrosting heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is performed as an evaporator.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is performed as a defrosting heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is performed as an evaporator.
  • a reverse defrosting operation mode can be performed to completely defrost the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2.
  • the reverse defrost operation mode can also be selected under other conditions.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 in the outdoor unit module is implemented as a defrosting heat exchanger and enters the defrosting process, while the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is implemented as an evaporator and maintains the normal heating operation process.
  • the flow path switching device 3 the flow path adjusting device 19, the first control valve 18, the defrosting switching device 20/21, the outdoor fan 5-1, the liquid pipe throttling device 6-1 and the throttling device 28 mentioned above Both are devices in the outdoor unit W1.
  • the solid arrows indicate the flow of the refrigerant during the defrosting process of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant through the check valve 2 .
  • a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2 through D and E of the flow switching device 3, the gas-side stop valve 13 and the first extension pipe 12, and enters the indoor heat exchangers 11-1 and 11-2. 11-2 After the internal heat exchange, it condenses and releases heat to become a liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant passes through the indoor unit side throttling devices 10-1 and 10-2, the second extension pipe 9 and the liquid side stop valve 8, and enters the liquid pipe throttling device. 6-2.
  • Another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is throttled to an appropriate pressure through the flow path throttling device 19, and then enters D and C of the defrosting switching device 21 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 for heat exchange and defrosting.
  • the refrigerant from the heat exchange is throttled by the throttling device 28 and then merged with the refrigerant from the liquid pipe throttling device 6-2, and then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 to evaporate and absorb heat and become gaseous
  • the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 enters the gas-liquid separator 14 through C and S of the defrosting switching device 20 .
  • the flow path throttle device 19 and the throttle device 28 are both disconnected before defrosting. Therefore, before defrosting, it is necessary to set the initial opening degree of the flow path throttle device 19 during defrosting. , in some embodiments of the present application, fully open) and the initial opening of the throttling device 28, in some embodiments of the present application, fully open.
  • S1' Set the target outlet subcooling degree range of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1, and set the target defrosting pressure range.
  • the target outlet subcooling degree Te1sco exists in a range, for example, 0°C ⁇ Te1sco ⁇ 10°C.
  • the target outlet subcooling degree Te1sco set the target outlet subcooling degree range (Te1sco- ⁇ , Te1sco+ ⁇ ], for example, 0°C ⁇ 3°C.
  • the target defrosting pressure Pfo can be known according to the function f(TW1).
  • a target defrosting pressure range (Pfo- ⁇ , Pfo+ ⁇ ) is set, for example, 0MPW1 ⁇ 0.5MPW1.
  • the outlet subcooling degree Te1sc of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is calculated by the defrosting pressure Pf (detected by the pressure sensor 221) and the outlet temperature Te1 (detected by the temperature sensor 231) of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1.
  • Te1sc Tec-Te1
  • Tec is the corresponding saturation temperature under the defrosting pressure Pf, which can be obtained by querying the prior art.
  • next opening degree of the throttle device 28 EV28(n+1) EV28(n)- ⁇ EV28, where ⁇ EV28 is the number of adjustment steps, and the number of adjustment steps can be selected as 0.1%-10% pls of the total opening degree ( the number of steps).
  • next opening degree of the throttle device 28 EV28(n+1) EV28(n)+ ⁇ EV28, where ⁇ EV28 is the number of adjustment steps, and the number of adjustment steps can be selected as 0.1%-10% pls of the total opening degree ( the number of steps).
  • S4' Compare whether the defrosting pressure Pf is within the target defrosting pressure range, if so, keep the opening degree of the flow path throttle device 19, and go to S42, if not, adjust the opening degree of the flow path throttle device 19, and Execute to S42.
  • next opening degree of the flow path throttle device 19 EV19(n+1) EV19(n)- ⁇ EV19, where ⁇ EV19 is the number of adjustment steps, and the number of adjustment steps can be selected as 0.1%-10% of the total opening degree pls (ie steps).
  • the defrosting end condition it can be determined whether the defrosting duration t1 reaches the first preset time T1, or whether the outlet temperature Te1 of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is greater than or equal to the first temperature preset value Tef (for example, 2°C ⁇ Tef ⁇ 20°C) and maintain for a certain period of time T; if one of the two conditions is met, it means that the defrosting is over, otherwise the judgment is continued.
  • Tef for example, 2°C ⁇ Tef ⁇ 20°C
  • the defrosting end condition is not limited to this, and it is also possible to use whether the gas pipe temperature Tg of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 is equal to or greater than the set temperature Tn and whether the suction pressure Ps of the compressor 1 is greater than or equal to the set pressure Po. A judgment is made; alternatively, the number of times of adjustment of the opening degrees of the throttle device 28 and the flow path throttle device 19 may be adjusted, and the like.
  • S3' is executed before S4' as described above, the sequence of S3' and S4' is not limited, that is, S4' can also be executed before S3'.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 exits the defrosting process and enters the normal heating operation process, which at least includes:
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 when the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 enters the normal heating operation process, it can be selected to be at any opening degree, and in some embodiments, selected to be closed.
  • the flow throttling device 19 if the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 exits the defrosting process without other outdoor heat exchangers for defrosting, and then enters the normal heating operation process, the flow throttling device 19 may be in the any opening.
  • the indoor side throttling devices 10-1 and 10-2 maintain the control before defrosting, and the throttling device 6-2 maintains the normal heating control, that is, controls the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 to overheat.
  • the throttling device 6-1 is also used to control the outlet superheat of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 at within 0-2°C.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 acts as a defrosting heat exchanger and enters the defrosting process, while the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 acts as an evaporator and maintains the normal heating operation process.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 When the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 performs defrosting, the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 performs a normal heating operation process.
  • the air conditioner can also be compatible with the three-pipe heat recovery function.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system structure diagram of an air conditioner with two pipes and three pipes.
  • the air conditioner further includes a plurality of first switching valves a and a plurality of second switching valves b connected in parallel, the first switching valves a, the second switching valves b and one indoor heat exchanger correspond to each other .
  • the first switching valve a is used to branch at least part of the refrigerant from the compressor 1 that has been switched by the flow path switching device, and flow into the indoor heat exchangers 11-1/11-2 accordingly.
  • One end of the second switching valve b is connected to the position where the first switching valve a is connected to the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger 11-1/11-2, and the other end is connected to the gas-liquid separator (for example, the gas-liquid separator 14). 1 , the other end communicates with the gas-liquid separator 14 through an extension pipe 26 and a gas-side shut-off valve 27 .
  • Two pipes and three pipes are realized by switching the first switching valve a and the second switching valve b.
  • the air conditioner in addition to the above-mentioned operation modes, the air conditioner also has a main cooling operation mode and a main heating operation mode.
  • the main cooling operation mode that is, the indoor unit has two states of cooling and heating, and the cooling load is greater than the heating load, and the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser at this time.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 is used as an evaporator (ie, the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 is cooling) and the indoor heat exchanger 11-2 is used as a condenser (ie, the indoor heat exchanger 11-2 heating).
  • the flow path switching device 3 in the outdoor unit W1 is powered on and opened, the flow path throttle device 19 is at any opening degree, the first control valve 18 is opened, the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are both powered off and closed, and the liquid pipe
  • the throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 are both turned on, the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are both turned on, the throttling device 28 is at any opening degree, and controls the first switching valve a connected to the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 (ie, the first switching valve 24a) is closed and the second switching valve b (ie, the second switching valve 24b) is opened, and the first switching valve a (ie, the first switching valve 25a) connected to the indoor heat exchanger 11-2 is controlled to open And the second switching valve b (ie, the second switching valve 25b ) is closed.
  • D and C in the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are connected and E and S are connected.
  • the flow switching device 3 is powered on, and D and E are connected and C and S are connected.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and then divides it into two parts after passing through the check valve 2 .
  • a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters D and C of the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 through the first control valve 18 and enters the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2. After the heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchangers 4-1 and 4-2, the heat is condensed and released to become a liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 to the liquid side stop valve 8 and the second extension pipe 9 .
  • Another part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passes through D and E of the flow switching device 3, passes through the gas-side stop valve 13, the first extension pipe 12, and the first switching valve 25a, enters the indoor heat exchanger 11-2, and then condenses and releases heat after heat exchange. , it becomes a liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant passes through the indoor unit side throttling device 10-2, and joins with the refrigerant from the outdoor side that passes through the liquid side stop valve 8 and the second extension pipe 9 and enters the indoor unit side throttling device 10-1 for throttling Depressurization is gas-liquid two states.
  • the indoor unit has two states of cooling and heating, and the heating load is greater than the cooling load, and the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator at this time.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 functions as a condenser (ie, the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 heats) and the indoor heat exchanger 11-2 functions as an evaporator (ie, the indoor heat exchange 11-2 refrigeration).
  • the flow path switching device 3 in the outdoor unit module is powered on and turned on, the flow path throttling device 19 is at any opening degree, and the first control valve 18 can be selectively opened or closed.
  • the frost switching devices 21 and 20 are both powered on, the liquid pipe throttling devices 6-1 and 6-2 are both turned on, the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are both turned on, the throttling device 28 is at any opening, and the first control
  • the switching valve 24a is opened and the second switching valve 24b is closed, and the first switching valve 25a is controlled to be closed and the second switching valve 25b to be opened.
  • D and E in the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 are connected and C and S are connected.
  • the flow switching device 3 is powered on, and D and E are connected and C and S are connected.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure state.
  • the side shut-off valve 13, the first extension pipe 12, and the first switching valve 24a enter the indoor heat exchanger 11-1 after heat exchange and condense and release heat to become liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant flows out through the indoor unit side throttling device 10-1, and divided into two parts.
  • the other part is throttled and depressurized by the throttling device 10-2 on the indoor unit side, and enters the indoor heat exchanger 11-2 to evaporate and absorb heat, and become gaseous. It is combined with the refrigerant flowing out of C and S through the defrosting switching devices 21 and 20 as described above, and then enters the gas-liquid separator 14, and is finally compressed by the suction compressor 1 to complete the main heating cycle.
  • At least the first switching valve 24a and the first switching valve 25a can be controlled to be closed when the defrosting is performed alternately.
  • first switching valve 24a and the first switching valve 25a are controlled to be closed, and the second switching valve 24b and the second switching valve 25b are closed; (2) the first switching valve 24a and the first switching valve 25a are controlled to be closed , and control to close the second switching valve 24b and the second switching valve 25b.
  • both the first switching valves 24a and 25a are controlled to be closed, and the second switching valves 24b and 25b are both closed.
  • a separation device 101 for separating the wind field is provided (for this part, please refer to the application number 202010279447.2, the name of the invention is " Air Conditioning Outdoor Unit” patent document).
  • the outdoor fans 5-1 and 5-2 are independently controlled by the control device, and the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 and the outdoor fan 5-1 form a first wind field, and the outdoor heat exchanger 4-1 forms a first wind field.
  • -2 and the outdoor fan 5-2 form the second wind field, and the separating device 101 is used to separate the first wind field and the second wind field.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 5-2 can be appropriately increased to further enhance the heating effect, reduce indoor temperature fluctuations, and greatly improve the Air conditioner heating capacity and user heating comfort.
  • the outdoor fan 5-1 of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is correspondingly turned on and the outdoor fan 5-2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 4-2 is turned off.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un climatiseur qui comprend une unité interne et une unité externe. L'unité externe comprend : un compresseur (1) ; un appareil d'étranglement de trajet d'écoulement (3) ; une première soupape de commande (18), qui est reliée en parallèle à l'appareil d'étranglement de trajet d'écoulement (3) ; deux échangeurs de chaleur externes (4-1 et 4-2) disposés côte à côte ; deux appareils de commutation de dégivrage (20 et 21), qui correspondent respectivement à l'un ou l'autre des échangeurs de chaleur externes (4-1 et 4-2), et sont utilisés pour commuter les échangeurs de chaleur externes (4-1 et 4-2) pour être en communication avec l'appareil d'étranglement de trajet d'écoulement (3) ou un séparateur gaz-liquide (14) ; deux appareils d'étranglement de tuyau de liquide (6-1 et 6-2) ; et un appareil d'étranglement (28), dont une extrémité est reliée à l'endroit où un appareil d'étranglement de tuyau de liquide (6-1) est relié au côté liquide de l'échangeur de chaleur externe correspondant (4-1), et l'autre extrémité est reliée à l'endroit où l'autre appareil d'étranglement de tuyau de liquide (6-2) est relié à l'échangeur de chaleur externe correspondant (4-2). Lorsque l'un ou l'autre des échangeurs de chaleur externe (4-1 et 4-2) dans l'unité externe nécessite un dégivrage, un dispositif de commande commande l'échangeur de chaleur externe (4-1 ou 4-2) devant être dégivré à fonctionner en tant qu'échangeur de chaleur à dégivrage, et l'autre échangeur de chaleur externe (4-1 ou 4-2) à fonctionner en tant qu'évaporateur.
PCT/CN2021/099382 2020-11-30 2021-06-10 Climatiseur WO2022110761A1 (fr)

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