WO2022110060A1 - 变速箱、汽车动力总成及汽车 - Google Patents

变速箱、汽车动力总成及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022110060A1
WO2022110060A1 PCT/CN2020/132435 CN2020132435W WO2022110060A1 WO 2022110060 A1 WO2022110060 A1 WO 2022110060A1 CN 2020132435 W CN2020132435 W CN 2020132435W WO 2022110060 A1 WO2022110060 A1 WO 2022110060A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
gear
lubricating oil
lubricating
fuel injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/132435
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨少波
李传阳
夏公川
钟虎
朱凌坤
李泉明
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/132435 priority Critical patent/WO2022110060A1/zh
Priority to EP20962950.0A priority patent/EP4249774A4/en
Priority to CN202080006846.XA priority patent/CN114829805A/zh
Publication of WO2022110060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022110060A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/045Lubricant storage reservoirs, e.g. reservoirs in addition to a gear sump for collecting lubricant in the upper part of a gear case
    • F16H57/0452Oil pans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0413Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0415Air cooling or ventilation; Heat exchangers; Thermal insulations
    • F16H57/0417Heat exchangers adapted or integrated in the gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0423Lubricant guiding means mounted or supported on the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes or pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0424Lubricant guiding means in the wall of or integrated with the casing, e.g. grooves, channels, holes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0441Arrangements of pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0447Control of lubricant levels, e.g. lubricant level control dependent on temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/045Lubricant storage reservoirs, e.g. reservoirs in addition to a gear sump for collecting lubricant in the upper part of a gear case
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0456Lubrication by injection; Injection nozzles or tubes therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0457Splash lubrication
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0469Bearings or seals
    • F16H57/0471Bearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H57/0483Axle or inter-axle differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0493Gearings with spur or bevel gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2410/00Constructional features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2410/10Housings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02034Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a gearbox, an automotive powertrain equipped with the gearbox, and an automobile.
  • the automotive powertrain of an electric vehicle consists of a motor and a gearbox.
  • the motor As a power source, the motor has a high speed and needs to be matched with a gearbox with a certain reduction ratio to transmit the power of the motor to the wheel end.
  • the motor When the powertrain of the car is working, the motor will generate a lot of heat.
  • the bearings and gears in the gearbox have high speeds and large loads, and the surfaces of the bearings and gears generate a lot of heat due to friction.
  • the engineering design will introduce cooling and lubrication design inside the motor and gearbox to ensure that the components are in the appropriate operating temperature range.
  • automotive powertrains are evolving in the direction of miniaturization and high power.
  • the maximum speed and load of automotive powertrains are constantly increasing to achieve higher power density and total power.
  • the increase in speed and load significantly increases the calorific value of the motor and gearbox, ensuring efficient cooling and lubrication of the motor and gearbox has become a bottleneck restricting assembly miniaturization.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a lubricated and reliable gearbox to adapt to the working conditions of the gearbox at different speeds.
  • the present application also provides an automobile powertrain including the transmission, and an automobile, all of which are configured based on the characteristics of the transmission to obtain better lubricating and cooling effects.
  • the present application relates to a gearbox, comprising a box with an inner cavity, a gear set and an oil feeder accommodated in the box; an oil storage tank for carrying lubricating oil is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity; the oil feeder is fixed On the side of the gear set facing away from the oil storage tank, the oil feeder includes a fixedly connected sealing bin and an oil collecting trough, and the oil collecting trough is located above the sealing bin; the sealing bin is provided with an oil inlet and at least one fuel injection pipe, and at least one fuel injection pipe Extend in different directions; the sealing chamber is used to receive the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank sent from the oil inlet, and spray the lubricating oil toward at least one part to be lubricated of the gear set through at least one oil injection pipe; the oil collecting tank has an upper part.
  • the oil collecting tank is used to receive the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank stirred by the gear group through the upper opening when the gear group rotates.
  • any oil channel is set corresponding to one of the oil injection pipes, and is used to lubricate the same part to be lubricated with the corresponding oil injection pipe.
  • the gearbox of the present application accommodates the gear set and the oil feeder through the inner cavity of the box, and at the same time, the gearbox of the present application forms an oil storage pool through the inner cavity of the box, thereby realizing the rotation deceleration function of the gearbox.
  • the oil is fed into the oil feeder to lubricate the preset parts to be lubricated in the gear set. Because the oil feeder is fixed on the side of the gear set away from the oil storage tank, that is, the oil feeder is fixed above the gear set in the vertical direction, the lubricating oil delivered by the oil feeder from the oil tank and/or the fuel injection pipe can be transported by gravity The action flows to the part of the gear set to be lubricated.
  • the oil feeder allows the lubricating oil to flow into the sealing chamber through the oil inlet, and causes the lubricating oil in the sealing chamber to flow out through the fuel injection pipe, so as to act on the parts to be lubricated in the gear set.
  • the sealing chamber can provide a certain pressure of the lubricating oil to ensure that the oil injection pipe sprays the lubricating oil towards the part to be lubricated at a certain speed, so as to realize the active lubrication of the part to be lubricated.
  • the lubricating oil that is stirred and fed by the gear is collected through the upper opening of the oil collecting tank located above the sealing chamber, and flows out from the oil conveying tank and acts on the parts to be lubricated in the gear group, so as to realize the lubricating oil to be lubricated. Passive lubrication of parts.
  • the oil injection pipe extending from the sealing chamber corresponds to the extension path of the oil conveying groove extending from the oil collecting groove, so that both the oil injection pipe and the oil conveying groove can extend toward the part to be lubricated , and respectively realize active lubrication and passive lubrication of the part to be lubricated.
  • the oil feeder of the present application realizes the active and passive lubrication of each part to be lubricated in the gear set at the same time, and through the matching setting of the oil conveying groove and the fuel injection pipe, the oil feeder can adjust the oil conveying groove correspondingly according to the different positions of the parts to be lubricated.
  • the extension path of the oil injection pipe and the oil injection pipe respectively relative to the oil collecting tank and the sealing chamber, so as to match the position of the part to be lubricated and achieve the lubrication effect.
  • the position and quantity of the parts to be lubricated in the gear set can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the needs of the actual engineering structure, and will not affect the lubrication effect of the oil feeder, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the gear set and improving the reliability of the gearbox.
  • the gear set includes a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other, and the first gear and the second gear are respectively rotatably connected to the casing; the bottom of the first gear is located in the oil storage tank and is immersed in lubrication.
  • the first gear rotates from bottom to top on the side away from the second gear, and is spaced from the inner wall of the box to form an oil churning channel.
  • the first gear rotates, it can drive the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank to pass through the oil churning channel. into the oil sump.
  • the first gear is immersed in the lubricating oil carried by the oil storage tank, and passes through the oil churning channel formed by the inner wall and the first gear, so that the first gear can send the lubricating oil through the oil churning channel when rotating. into the oil collecting tank of the oil feeder to realize the passive lubrication function of each part to be lubricated in the gear set.
  • the oil feeder is arranged on the side of the first gear close to the second gear
  • the inner wall of the box includes a first side wall and a top wall
  • the first side wall is located on the side of the first gear away from the second gear.
  • the top wall is located on the first side wall, and the first side wall and the top wall together form an oil churning channel with the first gear.
  • the side of the first gear facing away from the second gear rotates from bottom to top
  • the side of the first gear close to the second gear rotates from top to bottom.
  • the top wall includes a first end face close to the first side wall, and a second end face opposite to the first end face, the second end face is located below the first end face in the vertical direction, so as to guide the lubricating oil in the oil churning channel to flow into in the oil sump.
  • a part of the top wall close to the first side wall needs to be spaced from the top of the first gear, and a part of the top wall far from the first side wall can be located below the first end face in the vertical direction, thereby forming
  • the inclined surface of the first gear towards the oil collecting groove can guide more lubricating oil to fall into the oil collecting groove.
  • the distance between the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank and the center of rotation of the first gear is less than or equal to the radius of the root circle of the first gear.
  • defining the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank can ensure the depth of the first gear immersed in the lubricating oil, thereby ensuring that the first gear can stir enough oil into the oil collecting tank.
  • the gearbox further includes an oil delivery assembly, and the oil delivery assembly includes an oil delivery pipeline and an oil delivery pump. It is used to pump the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank into the sealing chamber through the oil pipeline.
  • the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank is transported to the sealing chamber through the communication between the oil delivery assembly and the sealing chamber, so as to realize the active lubrication function of each part to be lubricated in the gear set.
  • the first gear and the second gear mesh with each other at the first meshing position, and at least one part to be lubricated includes the first meshing position.
  • the first gear and the second gear mesh with each other at the first meshing position, and providing lubrication to the first meshing position can reduce the friction between the surfaces of the first gear and the second gear and prolong the service life of the gear set.
  • the gearbox further includes a third gear and a fourth gear, and the third gear and the fourth gear mesh with each other at the second meshing position, and at least one of the parts to be lubricated further includes a second meshing position.
  • the gear set may further include more gears, and more gears are meshed with each other for transmission.
  • the oil feeder can also lubricate the remaining meshing positions to reduce the friction loss of the gear set.
  • the gear set further includes a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft, a first bearing and a second bearing, the first gear shaft is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the second gear shaft is fixed to the second gear
  • the first bearing is used to realize the rotational connection between the first gear shaft and the case body
  • the second bearing is used to realize the rotational connection between the second gear shaft and the case body
  • the parts to be lubricated also include the position of the first bearing and the second bearing. s position.
  • the rotational connection of the first gear relative to the casing can be realized.
  • Lubrication at the first bearing can slow down the internal friction of the first bearing and prolong the service life of the first bearing; through the cooperation of the second gear shaft and the second bearing, the rotational connection of the second gear relative to the casing can be realized.
  • Lubrication at the second bearing can also reduce the internal friction of the second bearing and prolong the service life of the second bearing.
  • the gear set further includes a third gear shaft and a third bearing
  • the third gear shaft is fixedly connected with the third gear, and is used to realize the rotational connection between the third gear shaft and the casing, and the parts to be lubricated are also Including the location of the third bearing.
  • the gear set may further include a third bearing
  • the oil feeder may also lubricate the third bearing, so as to reduce the internal friction of the third bearing and prolong the service life of the third bearing.
  • At least one fuel injection pipe includes a lateral fuel injection pipe, and the lateral fuel injection pipe extends in a horizontal direction and in a direction away from the sealing chamber; at least one fuel delivery groove includes a lateral fuel delivery groove, and the side plate A notch is provided to communicate with the lateral oil conveying groove, and the extending direction of the lateral oil conveying groove is the same as that of the corresponding lateral fuel injection pipe, and is located above the corresponding lateral fuel injection pipe.
  • a lateral fuel injection pipe that communicates with the sealing chamber
  • a lateral oil delivery groove that communicates with the oil collecting groove through the gap.
  • the oil delivery groove is located above the side fuel injection pipe, and the two can extend in parallel to the part to be lubricated of the gear set, so as to realize the effect of active lubrication and passive lubrication of the part to be lubricated respectively.
  • the lateral oil conveying groove includes a groove bottom and two groove walls, the groove bottom is parallel to the side fuel injection pipe, the two groove walls are oppositely arranged on both sides of the groove bottom, and the groove bottom includes a first end close to the notch. , and a second end away from the notch, the second end is located vertically below the first end, or is flush with the first end.
  • the flow of the lubricating oil toward the part to be lubricated is guided by the groove bottom and the groove wall of the lateral oil conveying groove, so as to realize the passive lubricating effect of the part to be lubricated.
  • the setting of the second end being flush or lower than the first end can ensure that the lubricating oil flows smoothly to the part to be lubricated under the action of gravity.
  • the side fuel injection pipe on the path where the side fuel injection pipe extends in parallel with the side fuel delivery groove, the side fuel injection pipe has an extension that exceeds the extension length of the side fuel delivery groove, and the top of the extended segment is provided with an open end.
  • the lubricating oil conveyed to the side oil channel also flows into the extension section through the opening, and acts on the part to be lubricated along the extension section.
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe partially protrudes from the lateral fuel delivery groove along the extension path, and receives the lubricating oil in the lateral fuel delivery groove through the open opening at the top of the extended extension, and the part of the lubricating oil acts through the extended segment to the position to be lubricated.
  • This embodiment utilizes the feature of parallel arrangement of the side oil delivery groove and the side fuel injection pipe, which simplifies the structure of the side oil delivery groove, and can guide the lubricating oil only through the side fuel injection pipe.
  • the plurality of first ends are arranged flush in the horizontal direction.
  • the first end of the bottom of the multi-way lateral oil conveying groove is arranged to be flush in the horizontal direction, which can ensure that the lubricating oil in the oil collecting groove flows evenly
  • Each side oil conveying groove ensures the lubricating effect of the parts to be lubricated by each side oil conveying groove.
  • At least one fuel injection pipe includes a vertical fuel injection pipe, and the vertical fuel injection pipe extends in a direction away from the sealing chamber along a vertical direction;
  • the oil tank is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the oil collecting tank, and is configured as a through groove running through the sealing chamber. side.
  • some of the parts to be lubricated in the gear set may also be located below the oil feeder, and a vertical oil injection pipe connected to the sealing chamber and a vertical oil transmission groove connected to the oil collecting tank are provided, and vertical oil injection pipes are provided.
  • the oil delivery groove is configured as a through groove running through the sealing chamber, that is, the effect of lubricating the part to be lubricated under the oil feeder is achieved.
  • the vertical oil delivery groove is located on one side of the vertical fuel injection pipe, and the two extend parallel to the lower part to be lubricated.
  • the vertical fuel injection pipe is configured as an opening opened at the bottom of the sealing chamber.
  • the vertical fuel injection pipe is configured as an opening at the bottom of the sealing chamber, and the sealing chamber can directly face the part to be lubricated by gravity at the opening Deliver lubricating oil.
  • the number of at least one oil tank is multiple, and at least one oil guide plate is also provided on the bottom plate, and at least one oil guide plate divides the internal space of the oil collection tank into at least two oil collection areas, at least one oil guide plate.
  • the number of the two oil collecting areas is the same as the number of the multi-channel oil conveying grooves, and each oil conveying groove is connected to an oil collecting area.
  • the inner space of the oil collecting tank is divided into a plurality of oil collecting areas by using the oil guide plate, and each oil conveying groove is connected to an oil collecting area, which can ensure that each oil conveying groove is distributed to the required lubricating oil and Provide lubrication.
  • the size difference of the oil collecting area it is also possible to provide lubrication with different oil amounts to different parts to be lubricated, so as to meet the lubrication requirements of different parts to be lubricated.
  • the bottom plate includes opposite first and second sides.
  • the gear set rotates, the gear set stirs the lubricating oil into the oil collecting tank from the direction of the upper opening close to the first side.
  • the straight sections are all provided, and the straight sections of each oil guide plate are arranged at the position of the bottom plate close to the second side, and the plurality of straight sections are parallel to each other and have a fixed interval.
  • the side plate includes a first side plate close to the first gear, and a second side plate opposite to the first side plate, the first side plate has a first height from the bottom plate, and the second side plate There is a second height from the bottom plate, and the first height is lower than the second height.
  • the height of the first side plate relatively close to the first gear in the side plate is set to be lower than the height of the second side plate relatively far from the first gear , which can ensure that the lubricating oil smoothly passes over the first side plate, and falls into the oil collecting tank under the blocking of the second side plate, so as to achieve better passive lubrication effect.
  • the side plate further includes a third side plate protruding from the bottom plate, the third side plate is located between the first side plate and the second side plate, and the first side plate has a first height from the bottom plate.
  • the third side plate has a third height from the bottom plate, and the first height is lower than the third height.
  • a third side plate specially used for oil blocking is arranged between the first side plate and the second side plate, and more lubricating oil stirred by the gear set can be collected in the oil collecting tank, so as to achieve more Good passive lubrication effect.
  • the bottom plate includes a first side close to the first gear, and a second side opposite to the first side, the second side is located above the first side in the vertical direction, or is opposite to the first side. side flush.
  • the upper opening can also be inclined toward the direction of oil supply, so that more lubricating oil stirred by the gear set can be collected in the oil collecting tank to achieve better passive lubrication effect.
  • the sealing bin and the oil collecting sump are provided as an integral structure.
  • the oil collecting tank and the sealing chamber are formed as an integral structure
  • the bottom plate of the oil collecting groove can be used to form the top structure of the sealing chamber
  • the side plate of the oil collecting groove can also be used to form the side structure of the sealing chamber, which is beneficial to the reduction of The overall volume of the oil feeder is suitable for the miniaturization of the gearbox.
  • the present application also provides an automotive powertrain, comprising a motor and the gearbox provided in the first aspect of the present application, the motor is fixedly connected to the gearbox, and the motor is used to drive a gear set in the gearbox to rotate.
  • the automobile powertrain of the present application adopts the gearbox provided in the second aspect of the present application, so it has a better lubricating effect.
  • the gear set When the automobile powertrain is running at a low speed, the gear set is protected by active lubrication, and when the automobile powertrain is running at a low speed, the gear set is protected.
  • the gear set When running at high speed, the gear set is protected by passive lubrication, which improves the reliability and service life of the vehicle powertrain.
  • the vehicle powertrain is further provided with a cooling system, and the cooling system is used to transport the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank to the motor, so as to cool down the motor.
  • the vehicle powertrain also transports the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank to the motor through the cooling system, so as to cool down the motor, and there is no need to set up a bearing structure for the lubricating oil in the motor, which improves the power of the vehicle.
  • the integration of the assembly is beneficial to control the overall volume of the vehicle powertrain.
  • the cooling system includes an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe. Both the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are connected between the oil storage tank and the motor. After the lubricating oil flows into the motor from the oil inlet pipe to complete cooling and cooling, it flows through the oil return pipe. back to the oil reservoir.
  • a circuit of the cooling system is formed by the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe, so that the lubricating oil sent into the motor through the oil inlet pipe can be returned to the oil storage tank through the oil return pipe, so that the lubricating oil used for cooling in the motor can be realized. cyclic exchange.
  • a heat exchanger is also included, and the heat exchanger is connected to the oil return pipe in series for cooling the lubricating oil.
  • the heat exchange and cooling of the lubricating oil is carried out by using a heat exchanger connected in series on the oil return pipe, so that the high temperature lubricating oil returning from the motor can be cooled by the heat exchanger and returned to the oil storage tank for circulating use. , to avoid excessive temperature rise of the gearbox.
  • the motor includes a stator and a rotor that cooperate with each other, and the cooling system sends lubricating oil into the stator and the rotor respectively, so as to cool down the motor.
  • the motor includes a stator and a rotor, and the lubricating oil enters the stator and the rotor respectively, which can reduce the overall temperature of the motor and achieve a better cooling effect.
  • the present application provides an automobile, comprising wheels and the automobile power assembly provided in the second aspect of the present application, wherein the automobile power assembly is used to drive the wheels to rotate.
  • the automobile powertrain provided by the second aspect of the present application has better lubrication and cooling effects, the automobile of the present application has higher stability, and improves the transmission efficiency when the motor drives the wheels to rotate.
  • Fig. 1 is the appearance schematic diagram of the automobile powertrain provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the automotive powertrain shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lubricating oil circulation mode of the cooling system in the automotive powertrain shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit distribution of the cooling system in the automotive powertrain shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox in the automotive powertrain shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the gear set and the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of another viewing direction of the gear set and the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Fig. 5;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive lubricating oil circuit in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • Fig. 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the passive lubricating oil circuit in the gearbox shown in Fig. 8;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • FIG 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder in the gearbox shown in Figure 5;
  • Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a set of mutually parallel side fuel injection pipes and side fuel feed grooves in the fuel feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a group of mutually parallel side fuel injection pipes and side fuel feed grooves in the fuel feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the oil feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder of the gearbox shown in Fig. 10;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the oil feeder of the gearbox shown in FIG. 10 .
  • connection means both direct and indirect connections. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer” etc.
  • a first feature "on” or “under” a second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features indirectly through an intermediary touch.
  • the first feature being “above” and “over” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature being “below” and “below” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.
  • the vehicle powertrain 500 provided by the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 1 , which includes a motor 300 and a gearbox 200 .
  • the relative positions of the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are fixed, and the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are in a drive connection.
  • the motor 300 as the power source of the vehicle powertrain, has a high rotational speed and needs to be matched with the gearbox 200 with a certain reduction ratio to transmit the power output by the motor 300 to the wheels of the vehicle, thereby driving the vehicle.
  • the vehicle equipped with the vehicle powertrain 500 of the present application may be an electric vehicle or a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle.
  • the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are respectively provided with housings for protecting the motor 300 and its internal moving components, as well as protecting the gearbox 200 and its internal moving components.
  • the housing of the motor 300 and the housing of the gearbox 200 can be independently arranged, and the housings are connected and fixed after the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are assembled respectively.
  • the housing of the motor 300 and the housing of the gearbox 200 may also be integrated as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the automotive powertrain 500 shown in FIG. 1 includes a housing 510 , and the internal components of the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are accommodated in the housing 510 .
  • the housings of the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 are integrally provided, which can improve the integration degree of the automotive powertrain 500 of the present application.
  • the integrated arrangement of the housing 510 also omits the connection components between the housing of the motor 300 and the housing of the gearbox 200 , which simplifies the structure of the automotive powertrain 500 and facilitates the realization of a small size of the automotive powertrain 500 . change.
  • the motor 300 has a stator 310 and a rotor 320 .
  • the stator 310 is fixedly connected to the housing 510 , and the rotor 320 is rotatably connected to the housing 510 .
  • the stator 310 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor 320 , and the stator 310 is used to drive the rotor 320 to rotate.
  • the rotor 320 further includes an output section 321 extending out of the stator 310 , and the output section 321 is drivingly connected to the gearbox 200 to transmit power to the gearbox 200 to realize the power output of the motor 300 .
  • the output section 321 may also be configured as a rotating shaft structure fixedly connected with the rotor 320 , and the rotor 320 rotates by driving the rotating shaft to realize the function of the motor 300 outputting rotational power from the output section 321 .
  • the transmission connection between the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 can be realized by gear meshing transmission, chain transmission, belt transmission and the like.
  • a gear segment 322 is also provided on the output segment 321 of the rotor 320
  • the gearbox 200 is provided with a driven wheel 218 corresponding to the gear segment 322 .
  • the drive connection of the box 200 is also provided.
  • the automotive powertrain 500 of the present application further includes a cooling system 600 .
  • the cooling system 600 is used for cooling, cooling and lubricating the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 respectively.
  • the cooling system 600 can be connected to the inside of the motor 300 , and deliver lubricating oil for cooling to the motor 300 , so as to cool the motor 300 .
  • the cooling system 600 includes an oil inlet pipe 610 and an oil return pipe 620 which are respectively connected to the motor 300.
  • the side of the oil inlet pipe 610 away from the motor 300 (which can also be understood as the inlet end of the oil inlet pipe 610) is connected to the location where the lubricating oil is stored, and the oil return pipe 620
  • the side away from the motor 300 (which can also be understood as the outlet end of the oil return pipe 620 ) is also connected to the location where the lubricating oil is stored.
  • the location for storing the lubricating oil may be arranged inside the powertrain 500 of the vehicle, or may be arranged as an external oil storage tank. The lubricating oil needs to have a cooling effect.
  • the lubricating oil After the lubricating oil circulates into the motor 300 through the oil inlet pipe 610, it realizes heat exchange with the motor 300, and flows back to the part where the lubricating oil is stored through the oil return pipe 620, so as to realize the circulating flow of the lubricating oil, and to the motor. 300 to achieve cooling.
  • the oil inlet pipe 610 and the oil return pipe 620 may be independent pipelines, or as shown in FIG. 2 , they may be at least partially configured as through holes opened inside the casing 510 . At this time, the oil inlet pipe 610, the motor 300 and the oil return pipe 620 form a circulation loop of lubricating oil. During the operation of the motor 300 , a large amount of heat is generated during the driving of the rotor 320 by the stator 310 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the lubricating oil delivered by the oil inlet pipe 610 also flows through the stator 310 and the rotor 320 at the same time for cooling the stator 310 and the rotor 320 respectively. The stator 310 and the rotor 320 are also communicated with the oil return pipe 620 respectively, and the lubricating oil after heat exchange is sent into the oil return pipe 620 .
  • the cooling system 600 further includes a heat exchanger 630.
  • the heat exchanger 630 is connected in series to the oil return pipe 620. After the lubricating oil that has completed heat exchange is cooled by the heat exchanger 630, it passes through the oil return pipe. 620 is sent back to the part where the lubricating oil is stored to ensure that the lubricating oil stored in the part where the lubricating oil is stored is in a low temperature state, and can re-enter the motor 300 through the oil inlet pipe 610 for heat exchange.
  • the path of the oil return pipe 620 is provided with a first interface 621 and a second interface 622 for communicating with the heat exchanger 630 , and the lubricating oil in the oil return pipe 620 enters the heat exchanger 630 through the first interface 621 .
  • Heat exchange is realized in the middle, and the lubricating oil after heat exchange by the heat exchanger 630 is received through the second interface 622 .
  • FIG. 2 only illustrates one lubricating oil circulation mode of the cooling system 600 . In other embodiments, the circulation path of the lubricating oil in the cooling system 600 may also be as shown in FIG.
  • the through holes at this cross-sectional position are all set as oil inlet pipes 610, and the oil return pipes are set at another cross-sectional position (in the figure (not shown) to realize the circulating flow of lubricating oil; or in some embodiments, the cooling system 600 is all set as an oil return pipe (not shown in the figure) at this cross-sectional position, and is provided with an oil inlet pipe (not shown in the figure) at another cross-sectional position ), the circulation flow effect of lubricating oil can also be achieved.
  • the bottom of the casing 510 can also be set as an oil pool for storing lubricating oil, in this case, the cooling system 600 can only An oil inlet pipe 610 is provided, and the lubricating oil fed into the stator 310 or the rotor 320 may flow downward through the action of gravity after flowing out of the motor 300, and flow into the oil pool. That is, in this embodiment, the oil return pipe 620 can be omitted, or the entire inner wall of the housing 510 can be regarded as the oil return pipe 620, so as to guide the return of the lubricating oil to the oil pool.
  • the heat exchanger 630 is preferably arranged on the oil inlet pipe 610 to cool the lubricating oil in the cooling system 600 (as shown in FIG. 3 ). Because the lubricating oil in the cooling system 600 is the lubricating oil used in circulation, the heat exchanger 630 is arranged at any position of the cooling system 600 to achieve the function of cooling the lubricating oil as a whole, and does not affect the cooling system 600 of the present application. function realization.
  • the oil inlet pipe 610 for supplying oil to the rotor 320 and the oil inlet pipe 610 for supplying oil to the stator 310 are both connected from the first interface 621 that communicates with the heat exchanger 630 . out, and toward the rotor 320 and the stator 310, respectively.
  • the oil return pipe 620 may be communicated with the second interface 622, so as to realize the cooling function of the lubricating oil by the heat exchanger 630.
  • the oil inlet pipe 610 can also be arranged to be connected to the second interface 622, and the cooling function of the lubricating oil can be realized during the process of conveying the lubricating oil by the oil inlet pipe 610.
  • the oil supply direction of the cooling system 600 to the rotor 320 is from the left side to the right side in the figure, and the oil supply direction of the cooling system 600 to the stator 310 is from the figure in the figure. Right to left. That is, the oil delivery directions of the cooling system 600 to the stator 310 and the rotor 320 are opposite to each other.
  • the cooling system 600 may also be configured to deliver the lubricating oil toward the rotor 320 and the stator 310 in the same direction, so as to shorten the length of the oil inlet pipe 610, and It is beneficial to control the overall volume of the automotive powertrain 500 of the present application.
  • the cooling system 600 acts on the motor 300 and the gearbox 200 respectively.
  • the gearbox 200 includes a box body, and the box body is formed with an inner cavity 240 , and the bottom of the inner cavity 240 is configured as an oil storage pool 243 .
  • the oil storage tank 243 is used to carry the lubricating oil, that is, the oil storage tank 243 is used as a part for storing the lubricating oil in this embodiment.
  • the oil inlet pipe 610 and the oil return pipe 620 of the cooling system 600 are respectively connected to the oil storage pool 243 .
  • the oil inlet pipe 610 includes a first oil inlet pipe 611 and a second oil inlet pipe 612.
  • the first oil inlet pipe 611 and the second oil inlet pipe 612 can be respectively connected to the oil storage pool 243, or as shown in FIG. 4, the first oil inlet pipe 611 and the second oil inlet pipe 612 are connected to the oil storage tank 243 after the confluence of the oil storage tank 243;
  • the oil return pipe 620 includes the first oil return pipe 621 and the second oil return pipe 622, the first oil return pipe 621 and the
  • the secondary oil return pipes 622 can also be connected to the oil storage tank 243 respectively, or as shown in FIG.
  • One end of the first oil inlet pipe 611 facing away from the oil storage pool 243 is connected to the stator 310 , and is used for transporting the lubricating oil in the oil storage pool 243 to the stator 310 for cooling.
  • the end of the first oil return pipe 621 facing away from the oil storage tank 243 is also connected to the stator 310 for returning the cooled lubricating oil in the stator 310 to the oil storage tank 243;
  • the end of the second oil inlet pipe 612 facing away from the oil storage tank 243 is connected to To the rotor 320, it is used to transport the lubricating oil in the oil storage pool 243 to the rotor 320 for cooling.
  • the end of the second oil return pipe 622 facing away from the oil storage pool 243 is also connected to the rotor 320 for returning the cooled lubricating oil in the rotor 320 to the oil storage pool 243 .
  • first oil inlet pipe 611 and the second oil inlet pipe 612 can also be connected to the heat exchanger 630 respectively, and then the lubricating oil flowing back from the stator 310 and the rotor 320 are respectively sent to the heat exchanger 630 for heat exchange. Or as shown in FIG. 4 , the first oil inlet pipe 611 and the second oil inlet pipe 612 are first merged and then communicated with the heat exchanger 630 , and then the lubricating oil delivered to the motor 300 is first sent to the heat exchanger 630 for cooling.
  • an oil pump 640 is further provided on the oil inlet pipe 610 , and the oil pump 640 is used to provide power to drive the lubricating oil to circulate between the motor 300 and the oil storage pool 243 .
  • the oil pump 640 can also be disposed on the oil return pipe 620, or the oil pump 640 can be disposed in the heat exchanger 630, which can achieve the effect of driving the circulating flow of lubricating oil and continuously provide cooling to the motor 300.
  • FIG. 4 also illustrates the lubricating oil passage of the cooling system 600 to the gearbox 200 .
  • the gearbox 200 further includes a gear set 210 accommodated in the inner cavity 240 , an oil feeder 100 and an oil delivery assembly 230 (see FIG. 4 ).
  • the gears in the gear set 210 are respectively rotatably connected to the casing, and the oil feeder 100 is disposed on the upper side of the gear set 210 and is fixedly connected to the casing (the casing 510 ). That is, the oil feeder 100 is located on the side of the gear set 210 away from the oil reservoir 243 .
  • the oil feeder 100 includes a sealing bin 110 and an oil collecting sump 120 , wherein the sealing bin 110 is located below the oil collecting sump 120 .
  • the oil delivery assembly 230 includes an oil delivery pipeline 231 and an oil delivery pump 232 .
  • One end of the oil pipeline 231 is connected to the oil storage tank 243 , and the other end is connected to the oil feeder 100 .
  • the oil delivery pipeline 231 is communicated with the sealed chamber 110 of the oil feeder 100 .
  • the oil delivery pump 232 is connected in series on the oil delivery pipeline 231 , and the oil delivery pump 232 is used for delivering lubricating oil to the sealing chamber 110 of the oil feeder 100 through the oil delivery pipeline 231 .
  • the oil supplier 100 can guide the lubricating oil to flow to the lower gear set 210 through the pipeline connected to the sealing chamber 110, so as to realize the functions of lubricating and cooling the gear set 210.
  • the oil delivery assembly 230 and the oil feeder 100 in the gearbox 200 can be understood as a part of the cooling system 600 .
  • the gear set 210 generates friction and heat during rotation. Through the cooperation between the oil delivery assembly 230 and the oil feeder 100 , lubricating oil can be delivered to the gear set 210 , thereby reducing the internal friction of the gear set 210 .
  • the lubricating oil transported to the gear set 210 can continue to flow downward into the oil storage tank 243, and the lubricating oil can take away part of the heat generated by the gear set 210 to achieve a certain cooling effect.
  • the casing of the gearbox 200 is the housing 510 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • the case of the gearbox 200 may also be provided separately.
  • the oil transfer assembly 230 is a part of the cooling system 600
  • the oil transfer pump 232 in the oil transfer assembly 230 can also be used as the oil pump 640 in the cooling system 600 . That is, the oil transfer pipeline 231 and the oil inlet pipe 610 merge at the outside of the oil storage tank 243 , and the oil transfer pump 232 is arranged between the confluence and the oil storage tank 243 .
  • the oil delivery pump 232 In the process of driving the lubricating oil to flow through the oil feeding pipeline 231 to the oil supply device 100 , the oil delivery pump 232 also drives the lubricating oil to enter the motor 300 through the oil inlet pipe 610 synchronously to cool the motor 300 . It can be understood that, in this embodiment, a three-way valve may be provided at the confluence of the oil delivery pipeline 231 and the oil inlet pipe 610 to divert the lubricating oil driven by the oil delivery pump 232 .
  • the gear set 210 includes a driven wheel 218 , a first gear 211 and a second gear 212 .
  • the driven wheel 218 , the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 are respectively rotatably connected to the casing of the gearbox 200 , and the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 are meshed with each other.
  • the driven wheel 218 is also fixedly connected with the second gear 212 .
  • the gear set 210 further includes a second gear shaft 214.
  • the second gear shaft 214 passes through the rotation centers of the driven wheel 218 and the second gear 212, and is fixedly connected with the driven wheel 218 and the second gear 212, so as to realize the driven wheel Fixed connection between 218 and second gear 212 .
  • the second gear 212 fixedly connected with the driven wheel 218 also rotates synchronously with the driven wheel 218 .
  • the second gear 212 further transmits the rotational motion to the first gear 211 through the mutual meshing between the second gear 212 and the first gear 211 .
  • the automobile powertrain 500 of the present application drives the rotor 320 to rotate through the stator 310 of the motor 300 , and then the gear segment 322 on the rotor 320 meshes with the driven wheel 218 and the second gear 212 meshes with the first gear 211 , to achieve the effect of transmitting the rotational power output by the motor 300 to the first gear 211 . It can be seen from the schematic diagrams in FIGS.
  • the second gear 212 can also be integrally provided with the driven wheel 218 , that is, the second gear 212 can also work as a driven gear.
  • the second wheel 212 meshes with the first gear 211, it also directly meshes with the gear segment 322 of the rotor 320.
  • the gearbox 200 can also be implemented in this embodiment. deceleration effect.
  • the embodiment in which the second gear 212 is used as the driven gear can further compress the volume of the gearbox 200 , thereby reducing the overall volume of the vehicle powertrain 500 .
  • the gear set 210 may further include a third gear (not shown) and a fourth gear (not shown).
  • the third gear is fixedly connected with the first gear 211 , the third gear and the fourth gear are meshed with each other, and the rotating action of the first gear 211 is transmitted to the fourth gear, so as to realize the next-stage deceleration effect of the gear set 210 .
  • the first gear 211 can be used as the output gear of the gear set 210 in the gearbox 200 to output the rotational power transmitted by the gearbox 200 ; the first gear 211 can also be used as a transition gear of the gear set 210 in the gearbox 200 , the first-stage deceleration effect in the gear set 210 is achieved through meshing with the second gear 212 .
  • the second gear 212 may also be connected to the driven wheel 218 through the transition of a pair of intermediate gears. That is, the gear set 210 in the gearbox 200 of the present application does not limit the number of gears, nor does it limit the number of transmission stages in the gear set 210. Through the cooperation of the oil feeder 100 and the oil delivery assembly 230, the gear set 210 lubricating and cooling effect.
  • the gear set 210 also includes a first gear shaft 213 , a first bearing 215 and a second bearing 216 .
  • the first gear shaft 213 passes through the rotation center of the first gear 211 and is fixedly connected with the first gear 211 .
  • the number of the first bearings 215 is two, and the two first bearings 215 are fixed to both sides of the first gear 211 along the length direction of the first gear shaft 213 . That is, in the length direction of the first gear shaft 213 , the first gear 211 is located between the two first bearings 215 .
  • the first bearing 215 includes a first bearing stator 2151 and a first bearing rotor 2152 , and the first bearing rotor 2152 can rotate in the first bearing stator 2151 .
  • Each first bearing stator 2151 is fixedly connected to the case of the gearbox 200, and each first bearing rotor 2152 is fixedly connected to the first gear shaft 213, so that the first gear shaft 213 can pass through the two first bearing rotors
  • the rotation of 2152 relative to the first bearing stator 2151 realizes the rotational connection with the box body.
  • the first gear 211 is fixedly connected with the first gear shaft 213 , that is, the first gear 211 is rotatably connected with the case of the gearbox 200 through the cooperation of the first gear shaft 213 and the first bearing 215 .
  • the first gear shaft 213 is configured as a U-shaped bracket structure, which includes a support portion 2131 fixedly connected with the first bearing 215 , and connecting portions 2132 on both sides of the support portion 2131 arranged in rows.
  • the two connecting portions 2132 are respectively fixedly connected with the first gear 211 , which also achieves the effect of the fixed connection between the first gear shaft 213 and the first gear 211 .
  • the number of the second bearings 216 is also two, and the two second bearings 216 are fixed to both sides of the second gear 212 along the length direction of the second gear shaft 214 and are also fixed to both sides of the driven wheel 218 . That is, in the length direction of the second gear shaft 214 , the second gear 212 and the driven wheel 218 are both located between the two second bearings 216 .
  • the second bearing 216 includes a second bearing stator 2161 and a second bearing rotor 2162 , and the second bearing rotor 2162 can rotate within the second bearing stator 2161 .
  • Each second bearing stator 2161 is respectively fixedly connected with the case of the gearbox 200, and each second bearing rotor 2162 is fixedly connected with the second gear shaft 214, so that the second gear shaft 214 can pass through the two second bearing rotors
  • the rotation of 2162 relative to the second bearing stator 2161 realizes the rotational connection with the box.
  • the second gear 212 is fixedly connected to the second gear shaft 214 , that is, the second gear 212 is rotationally connected to the case of the gearbox 200 through the cooperation of the second gear shaft 214 and the second bearing 216 .
  • the meshing transmission between the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 will cause friction between the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 .
  • the first bearing stator 2151, the first bearing rotor 2152, and the second bearing stator 2161 The frictional force between the rotor 2162 and the second bearing rotor 2162 also increases synchronously, which will cause the heat generated by the first bearing 215 and the second bearing 216 to increase.
  • the lubricating oil delivered by the oil feeder 100 to the gear set 210 can be targeted to act on the above-mentioned parts with friction phenomenon and high temperature rise, and then the lubricating oil can be delivered to the meshing part of the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 through the lubricating oil.
  • a stable oil film is formed at the position (defined as the first meshing position), inside the first bearing 215 and inside the second bearing 216 to slow down the wear caused by metal friction, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the gear set 210, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the gearbox 200. reliability and longevity.
  • the oil feeder 100 provides lubricating oil to the gear set 210 , that is, the oil feeder 100 provides lubricating oil to the parts to be lubricated of the gear 210 .
  • the gear set 210 further includes the third gear and the fourth gear
  • the third gear and the fourth gear are engaged at the second meshing position
  • the oil feeder 100 can also deliver lubricating oil corresponding to the second meshing position
  • the gear set 210 further includes a third bearing (not shown in the figure) and a fourth bearing (not shown in the figure)
  • the oil feeder 100 can also deliver lubricating oil corresponding to the third bearing and the fourth bearing.
  • other parts of the gear set 210 where friction is present can also be defined as parts to be lubricated
  • the parts to be lubricated of the gear set 210 can include the above-mentioned parts with frictional temperature rise, but are not limited to the above-mentioned parts.
  • the parts to be lubricated in the gear set 210 can be arbitrarily set according to actual requirements, and the oil supplier 100 provides lubrication and cooling to the set parts to be lubricated.
  • the lubricating oil supply 100 can lubricate the inside of the first bearing 215 and the inside of the second bearing 216 by feeding lubricating oil from the side of the joint part of the first bearing stator 2151 and the first bearing rotor 2152, and from the first bearing stator 2151 and the first bearing rotor 2152. Lubricating oil is sent to the side of the joint part of the two bearing stators 2161 and the second bearing rotor 2162 to achieve lubrication inside the first bearing 215 and the inside of the second bearing 216 respectively.
  • the oil feeder 100 can also feed lubricating oil to the top of the first bearing 215 and the top of the second bearing 216 respectively, and through the opening of the top of the first bearing stator 2151 (not shown in the figure) shown), and a hole (not shown in the figure) is opened at the top of the second bearing stator 2152 to realize the penetration of lubricating oil into the first bearing rotor 2152 and the second bearing rotor 2162, so as to realize the penetration of the first bearing 215 inside and Lubrication inside the second bearing 216 .
  • the oil feeder 100 of the present application can realize the active lubrication function of the gear set 210 through the connection between the sealing chamber 110 and the oil delivery assembly 230 .
  • the oil collecting groove 120 in the oil feeder 100 can realize the passive lubricating function of the gear set 210 .
  • the first gear 211 is also spaced apart from the inner cavity 240 of the casing to form an oil churning channel 250 .
  • the inner cavity 240 of the box body includes a first side wall 241 and a top wall 242 .
  • the first side wall 241 is located on the side of the first gear 211 away from the second gear 212 , and the first side wall 241 and the first gear 211 are spaced from each other.
  • the top wall 242 is located above the first side wall 241 and is connected to the first side wall 241 .
  • the top wall 242 is also spaced apart from the first gear 211 .
  • the connected first side wall 241 and the top wall 242 are spaced from the first gear 211 together to form an oil churning channel 250 .
  • the bottom of the first gear 211 is also located in the oil storage tank 243, and the liquid level of the lubricating oil carried in the oil storage tank 243 is higher than the bottom of the first gear 211, so that the bottom of the first gear 211 is immersed in the lubricating oil. in oil.
  • the first gear 211 is away from the rotation direction of the side of the second gear 212 , and rotates along the bottom of the first gear 211 to the top of the first gear 211 . Therefore, during the working process of the first gear 211 , the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 243 can be continuously brought into the oil stirring channel 250 .
  • a certain threshold for example, 1000 rpm
  • the oil feeder 100 is located on the side of the gear set 210 away from the oil storage tank 243 , and the oil collecting tank 120 of the oil feeder 100 is disposed at the end of the oil churning channel 250 , that is, the oil feeder 100 is arranged corresponding to the oil churning channel 250 , so that the The oil sump 120 faces the churning passage 250 and collects lubricating oil.
  • the lubricating oil stirred by the first gear 211 through the oil stirring channel 250 can fall into the oil collecting tank 120, and then the lubricating oil is guided to flow to the lower gear set through the pipeline connected to the oil collecting tank 120.
  • 210 realizing the passive lubrication function of the gear set 210 .
  • the churning passage 250 extends over the top of the first gear 211 and toward the second gear 212 side.
  • the oil feeder 100 is still located on the side of the first gear 211 close to the second gear 212 , and the height of the oil feeder 100 is lower than the height of the top of the first gear 211 .
  • the rotation direction of the side of the first gear 211 away from the second gear 212 is from the bottom to the top of the first gear 211
  • the rotation direction of the side of the first gear 211 close to the second gear 212 is from top to bottom.
  • the movement direction of the lubricating oil in the oil churning channel 250 moves from the oil reservoir 243 to the top wall 242; as the first gear 211 approaches the second gear
  • the rotation direction of one side of 212 is downward, and the movement direction of the lubricating oil in the oil churning channel 250 moves from the top wall 242 to the oil storage pool 243 .
  • the height of the oil feeder 100 is lower than the height of the top of the first gear 211 , which can ensure that the oil collecting tank 120 receives the lubricating oil sent through the oil stirring channel 250 .
  • the top wall 242 further includes a first end surface 2421 close to the first side wall 241 , and a second end surface 2422 opposite to the first end surface 2421 . It can be understood that, on the path of the oil churning channel 250 , the lubricating oil moves from the side of the first end surface 2421 to the side of the second end surface 2422 . That is, the second end surface 2422 is closer to the end of the oil churning channel 250 than the first end surface 2421 , or it is described that the second end surface 2422 is closer to the oil collecting sump 120 than the first end surface 2421 .
  • setting the second end surface 2422 to be located below the first end surface 2421 in the vertical direction can further guide the lubricating oil in the oil churning channel 250 and ensure that the lubricating oil in the oil churning channel 250 flows into the oil churning channel 250 . in the oil sump 120.
  • the distance h0 between the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 243 and the center of rotation of the first gear 211 is defined, which is less than or equal to the first gear 211.
  • the radius a1 of the root circle A of a gear 211 is defined, which is less than or equal to the first gear 211.
  • the root portions 2111 a of any two transmission teeth 2111 are aligned with the root circle A of the first gear 211 .
  • the distance h0 between the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 243 and the center of rotation of the first gear 211 is set to be less than or equal to the radius a1 of the root circle A of the first gear 211, which can ensure the lubricating oil carried in the oil storage tank 243.
  • At least the transmission teeth 2111 located at the bottom of the first gear 211 are completely submerged, thereby ensuring the depth of the first gear 211 extending into the lubricating oil, and ensuring that the first gear 211 can stir enough lubricating oil to supply oil after the rotational speed reaches a certain threshold.
  • a reliable passive lubrication effect is formed on the gear set 210.
  • the oil feeder 100 can receive the lubricating oil provided by the oil delivery assembly 230 and the lubricating oil sent by the first gear 211 through the oil churning channel 250 , so as to realize the respective realization of the gear set 210 .
  • the vehicle powertrain 500 of the present application drives the vehicle to travel by outputting the rotational speed. And the speed of the car will change in the process of traveling, and the speed output of the corresponding car powertrain 500 will also change.
  • the automotive powertrain 500 has a working condition of high-speed rotation and a working condition of low-speed rotation, and the amount of lubricating oil required by the generator 300 and the gearbox 200 is different under the two working conditions.
  • the first gear 211 with a higher rotational speed can send the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank 243 into the oil feeder 100 through the oil stirring channel 250 to achieve the effect of passive lubrication.
  • the low-speed rotation condition and the high-speed rotation condition of the gearbox 200 of the present application are only a comparison with respect to the speed of the same gearbox 200 itself.
  • the automotive powertrain using the solution of the present application can adjust the passive lubrication intervention timing and oil amount of the gearbox 200, thereby meeting the working requirements of different automotive powertrains 500.
  • the corresponding Adjusting the amount of lubricating oil sent by the first gear 211 into the oil feeder 100 through the oil churning channel 250, or adjusting the rotational speed threshold of the first gear 211 to realize the oil churning function, etc. can achieve the intervention timing for adjusting the passive lubrication, and The effect of adjusting the amount of passive lube oil.
  • the automotive powertrain 500 of the present application can also adjust the amount of lubricating oil for active lubrication by adjusting the power of the oil delivery pump 232 in the oil delivery assembly 230, so as to meet the requirements of different automotive powertrains 500. work demands.
  • the speed of the gear set 210 also has a high speed and a low speed.
  • the oil pump 232 can also adjust its own power, so that the oil feeder 100 is in the gear set 210.
  • the oil quantity of the delivered lubricating oil can also be adjusted correspondingly at low rotation speed, so as to match the synchronous lubrication requirement of the gear set 210 under the low rotation speed condition.
  • the gearbox 200 of the present application also has the capability of passive lubrication adaptation. That is, the rotational speed of the first gear 211 is positively correlated with the amount of lubricating oil received by the gear set 210 .
  • the automotive powertrain 500 using the solution of the present application can control the oil pump 232 so that the oil feeder 100 can only actively lubricate the gear set 210, or the oil feeder 100 only passively lubricates the gear set 210, and even achieves the effect that the oil feeder 100 simultaneously performs active lubrication and passive lubrication on the gear set 210, so as to meet the lubrication and cooling requirements of the gear set 210 at different rotational speeds.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 300 controlled by the automotive powertrain 500 is within 2000 rpm, only the oil delivery pump 232 is controlled to deliver lubricating oil to the oil feeder 100 to actively lubricate the gear set 210 .
  • the rotational speed output by the gearbox 200 can be within 1000 rpm; and when the rotational speed of the motor 300 is equal to or higher than 2000 rpm, the lubricating oil stirred by the first gear 211 can enter the collector through the oil stirring channel 250.
  • the oil feeder 100 uses the lubricating oil sent from the oil churning channel 250 to lubricate the gear set 210 at this time.
  • the oil pump 232 can continue to work and continuously provide active lubrication to the gear set 210; lubricating.
  • the gear set 210 there may be other parts of the gear set 210 , which only need to provide passive lubrication or active lubrication when the gearbox 200 is working to meet the working requirements.
  • the gearbox 200 when the gearbox 200 is in a high-speed condition or a low-speed condition, only the oil amount of active lubrication needs to be provided to meet the working needs; or there are other parts of the gear set 210, in The gearbox 200 does not require lubrication when the gearbox 200 is in a low speed operating condition, while passive lubrication is provided when the gearbox 200 is in a high speed operating condition to meet working needs.
  • the oil feeder 100 may also be configured with an oil delivery route correspondingly, so as to individually meet the working requirements of the above-mentioned parts.
  • the oil feeder 100 includes an oil sump 120 and a sealing chamber 110 .
  • the oil collecting tank 120 is fixedly connected with the sealing chamber 110 , and the oil collecting groove 120 is located above the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the interior of the sealing chamber 110 is a sealing structure, and an oil inlet 111 and a plurality of fuel injection pipes 112 are also provided outside the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the fuel inlet 111 and several fuel injection pipes 112 are all communicated with the inner sealing structure of the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the oil inlet 111 is used to communicate with the oil delivery pipeline 231 of the oil delivery component 230 , and the oil delivery component 230 delivers the lubricating oil in the oil storage pool 243 to the sealing chamber 110 through the oil delivery pipeline 231 .
  • the fuel injection pipes 112 also connected to the sealing chamber 110 respectively extend in a direction away from the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the lubricating oil fed into the sealing chamber 110 from the oil inlet 111 forms a certain pressure in the closed sealing chamber 110 , and is sprayed out of the sealing chamber 110 through the various fuel injection pipes 112 , and then acts on each part of the gear set 210 At the part to be lubricated, the purpose of delivering lubricating oil to the part to be lubricated is achieved.
  • each fuel injection pipe 112 can be matched with the number of the parts to be lubricated in the gear set 210, that is, each fuel injection pipe 112 extends toward one of the parts to be lubricated in the gear set 210, so as to reach the gear set 210.
  • 210 The effect of active lubrication of all parts to be lubricated in an all-round way.
  • the oil collecting tank 120 includes a bottom plate 121 and a side plate 122 , wherein the bottom plate 121 is fixedly connected with the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the upper opening 123 is the opening of the oil collecting tank 120 , and the lubricating oil conveyed from the oil stirring channel 250 enters the oil collecting tank 120 through the upper opening 123 .
  • the oil collecting tank 120 is also communicated with an oil conveying groove 124 , and the number of the oil conveying grooves 124 in the oil feeder 100 is the same as that of the fuel injection pipes 112 .
  • Each oil transport groove 124 also extends in a direction away from the oil collecting groove 120 , and each oil feeding groove 124 extends toward a part to be lubricated in the gear set 210 , so as to transport the lubricating oil collected in the oil collecting groove 120 to the gear set 210 at each part to be lubricated.
  • each oil injection pipe 112 extends toward a part to be lubricated in the gear set 210, and each oil delivery groove 124 also extends toward a part to be lubricated in the gear set 210, each oil delivery groove 124 can be provided. Both extend parallel to one fuel injection pipe 112 to act on a portion to be lubricated in the gear set 210 . That is, in the fuel feeder 100 of the present application, each fuel injection pipe 112 and its corresponding fuel delivery groove 124 are set as a group, and the fuel injection pipes 112 and the fuel delivery groove 124 of the same group extend in the same direction and act on the gears. A part to be lubricated in the group 210, used to deliver lubricating oil.
  • the oil injection pipe 112 extending from the sealing chamber 110 to the part to be lubricated can deliver the lubricating oil delivered by the oil delivery assembly 230 ;
  • the oil conveying groove 124 extending from the oil collecting groove 120 to the part to be lubricated can convey the lubricating oil conveyed by the first gear 211 .
  • the oil feeder 100 of the present application can provide lubricating oil to each to-be-lubricated part of the gear set 210 through the arrangement of multiple sets of oil-injection pipes 112 and oil-conveying grooves 124, and realizes active lubrication for each to-be-lubricated part Combined with the effect of passive lubrication, the gear set 210 can be reliably lubricated under both high-speed and low-speed conditions, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and reliability of the gear set 210 and prolonging the service life of the gear set 210 .
  • the fuel injection pipe 112 includes a lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 .
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 extends away from the sealing chamber 110 in the horizontal direction;
  • the oil conveying groove 124 includes a lateral oil conveying groove 1241 which also extends away from the oil conveying groove 222 in the horizontal direction.
  • One side fuel delivery groove 1241 extends parallel to one side fuel injection pipe 1121, and because the oil collecting groove 120 is located above the sealing chamber 110, the side fuel delivery groove 1241 is also simultaneously located above the side fuel injection pipe 1121, and the two are parallel to each other extends toward a portion to be lubricated in the gear set 210 .
  • the volume of the oil feeder 100 is small, and the volume of the gear set 210 is relatively large. Therefore, when the oil feeder 100 with a small volume is disposed on the side of the gear set 210 away from the oil storage tank 243 , the gear set 210 has a relatively large volume.
  • Some of the parts to be lubricated may be located at the lateral positions of the oil collecting groove 120 and the sealing chamber 110 . The provision of the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 and the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 extending in the horizontal direction can achieve the lubricating effect of the fuel feeder 100 on the parts to be lubricated partially located in the lateral direction.
  • the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 communicates with the side plate 122 of the oil collecting groove 120 .
  • a notch 1225 is formed on the side plate 122
  • the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 includes a groove bottom 1242 and a groove wall 1243 .
  • the groove bottom 1242 of the lateral oil feeding groove 1241 is connected to the bottom plate 121 of the oil collecting groove 120 and extends toward a position to be oiled in the gear set 210 in the horizontal direction.
  • the number of groove walls 1243 of the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 is two.
  • the two groove walls 1243 are respectively connected with the side plates 122 on the opposite sides of the notch 1225.
  • the two groove walls 1243 also extend synchronously with the groove bottom 1242 towards the part to be supplied with oil.
  • the two groove walls 1243 and the groove bottom 1242 work together to
  • the lubricating oil flowing out from the notch 1225 of the oil collecting tank 120 is drained to the part to be supplied with oil, and flows down from the end of the oil conveying tank 124 away from the oil collecting tank 120 to realize the lubrication of the part to be supplied oil.
  • the groove bottom 1242 includes a first end 1242 a on a side close to the notch 1225 , and a second end 1242 b on a side away from the oil collecting groove 120 .
  • the second end 1242b is located below the first end 1242a, or disposed flush with the first end 1242a. Therefore, in the process of extending toward the part to be lubricated, the groove bottom 1242 of the oil conveying groove 124 extends toward the part to be lubricated in an inclined downward or horizontal direction, thereby ensuring the flow direction of the lubricating oil in the oil conveying groove 124, so that the oil conveying groove 124
  • the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil can smoothly flow from the side of the first end 1242a to the side of the second end 1242b under the action of gravity.
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 located under the lateral oil delivery groove 1241 can also be inclined and inclined synchronously with the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 , that is, the side fuel injection pipe 1121 faces away from the sealing chamber 110 and is located on the side in the vertical direction.
  • the fuel injection pipe 1121 is located below one end of the sealing chamber 110, or the two are flush. It can also ensure that the lubricating oil in the side fuel injection pipe 1121 flows toward the part to be lubricated.
  • a plurality of notches 1225 need to be started on the side plate 122 .
  • the number of the multi-channel lateral oil delivery grooves 1241 is the same as the number of the plurality of notches 1225 , and each side oil delivery groove 1241 is fixed corresponding to a notch 1225 and communicates with the oil collecting sump 120 through the notch 1225 .
  • the groove bottoms 1242 of the multi-way lateral oil transfer grooves 1241 each have its corresponding first end 1242a.
  • a plurality of first ends 1242a should be arranged flush in the horizontal direction, so that the lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120 can be evenly distributed to the side oil conveying grooves 1241 of each road, and the plurality of waiting for the gear set 210 Lubricating parts are evenly supplied with lubricating oil.
  • FIG. 14 Please refer to the cross-sectional structural diagram of a group of side fuel injection pipes 1121 and side fuel delivery grooves 1241 that are parallel to each other shown in FIG. 14 .
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 and the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 both extend along the first horizontal direction 001 .
  • the extension length of the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 is shorter than the extension length of the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 .
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 is connected to the sealing chamber 110, and under the action of the oil delivery assembly 230, the lubricating oil inside the sealing chamber 110 has a certain pressure, so the side fuel injection pipe 1121
  • the outflowing lubricating oil has a certain initial velocity under the action of pressure.
  • the direction of the initial velocity is parallel to the first horizontal direction 001 .
  • the upper opening 123 is provided in the oil collecting tank 120, the lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120 only flows to the part to be lubricated through the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 under the action of gravity, so the lubricating oil flowing out from the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 is in the first
  • the initial velocity in the horizontal direction 001 is relatively small.
  • the lubricating oil with a large initial velocity output from the side fuel injection pipe 1121 can act on the part to be lubricated, and at the same time to ensure that the lubricating oil with a small initial velocity output from the side oil conveying groove 1241 can also act on the part to be lubricated
  • properly shortening the extension length of the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 along the first horizontal direction 001 can ensure that the lubricating oil output from the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 falls, and the lubricating oil output from the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 falls.
  • the landing points are coincident, and all can accurately act on the parts to be lubricated.
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 and the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 both extend along the first horizontal direction 001 .
  • the extension directions of the side fuel injection pipe 1121 and the side fuel delivery groove 1241 can also be the other extension directions other than the first horizontal direction 001, or the side fuel injection pipe 1121 and the side fuel delivery groove 1241.
  • the path extends in two or more different directions successively.
  • the length of the extension structure of the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 at the farthest end of the sealing chamber 110 can be defined, compared with the distance set of the lateral fuel tank 1241.
  • the length of the extension structure at the farthest end of the oil groove 120 is shorter, so as to achieve the above-mentioned effect of ensuring that the landing point of the lubricating oil output by the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 coincides with the landing point of the lubricating oil output by the lateral oil conveying groove 1241 .
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 and the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 also extend along the first horizontal direction 001.
  • the difference from the embodiment in FIG. 14 is that, in this embodiment, the extension length of the side fuel injection pipe 1121 exceeds the extension length of the side fuel oil groove 1241 .
  • the lateral fuel injection pipe 1121 has an extension section 1122 extending beyond the extension length of the lateral fuel delivery groove 1241 , and an open opening 1123 is provided at the top of the extension section 1122 .
  • the lubricating oil delivered by the lateral oil groove 1241 can flow into the extension section 1122 through the open opening 1123, and continue to flow along the extension section 1122 to the part to be lubricated.
  • the side fuel injection pipes 1121 and side fuel delivery grooves 1241 extend in the same direction, and the side fuel injection pipes 1121 are located above the side fuel delivery grooves 1241, the side fuel injection pipes are used in the
  • the upper part of 1121 is provided with an open opening 1123, which can make the lubricating oil in the lateral oil feeding groove 1241 flow into the extension section 1122 along the opening 1123, and then extend the extension section 1122 toward the part to be lubricated, so that the lubricating oil in the lateral oil feeding groove 1241 can be lubricated.
  • the oil is delivered to the part to be lubricated.
  • the extension section 1122 in the side fuel injection pipe 1121 is arranged, so that the lubricating oil in the side fuel injection groove 1241 is condensed into the side fuel injection pipe 1121 in advance, and then the oil in the side fuel injection pipe 1121 is used.
  • the extension 1122 enables the delivery of lubricating oil.
  • the extended section 1122 of the side fuel injection pipe 1121 is used to simultaneously realize the lubricating oil delivery function during active lubrication and passive lubrication.
  • the present embodiment also shortens the length of the lateral oil supply groove 1241 , simplifies the structure of the oil supply device 100 , and reduces the overall volume of the oil supply device 100 .
  • the fuel injection pipe 112 further includes a vertical fuel injection pipe 1124 (see also FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 ).
  • the vertical fuel injection pipe 1124 extends away from the sealing chamber 110 in the vertical direction;
  • the oil conveying groove 124 includes a vertical oil conveying groove 1244 which also extends away from the oil conveying groove 222 in the vertical direction.
  • One vertical oil tank 1244 extends parallel to one vertical fuel injection pipe 1124, and because the oil collecting tank 120 is located above the sealing chamber 110, the vertical oil tank 1244 is located on one side of the vertical fuel injection pipe 1124, and the two are parallel to each other extends toward a portion to be lubricated in the gear set 210 .
  • the oil feeder 100 can deliver lubricating oil to the parts to be lubricated below the oil feeder 100 through the vertical fuel injection pipe 1124 and the vertical oil delivery groove 1244 .
  • the oil feeder 100 is disposed on the side of the gear set 210 away from the oil storage tank 243 , some parts of the gear set 210 to be lubricated may also be located below the oil collecting tank 120 and the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the vertical oil injection pipe 1124 and the lateral oil delivery groove 1241 extending in the vertical direction are provided, so that the oil feeder 100 can lubricate the parts to be lubricated partially located at the lower position.
  • the vertical fuel injection pipe 1124 is configured as an opening at the bottom of the sealing chamber 110
  • the vertical fuel delivery groove 1244 is configured as a through groove penetrating the sealing chamber.
  • the vertical oil tank 1244 is also communicated with the bottom plate 121 of the oil collection tank 120 . That is, the bottom plate 121 of the oil collecting tank 120 is connected to a vertical oil conveying tank 1244 with a through-slot structure. The oil flows downward to the oil delivery groove 1244, and flows through the sealing chamber 110 to its corresponding lubricated part.
  • the oil collecting tank 120 and the sealing chamber 110 can be constructed as two independent components as shown in FIGS. In other embodiments, the oil collecting tank 120 and the sealing chamber 110 may also be provided as an integral structure as shown in FIG. 16 .
  • the bottom plate 121 of the oil collecting tank 120 can be used to form the top structure of the sealing chamber 110
  • the side plate 122 of the oil collecting tank 120 can also extend to the bottom of the bottom plate 121 to form the side structure of the sealing chamber 110 .
  • the integrated oil collecting tank 120 and the sealing chamber 110 can reduce the overall volume of the oil feeder 100 , thereby adapting to the miniaturization of the gearbox 200 .
  • the oil feeder 100 may also be provided with an auxiliary oil transmission groove independent of the oil transmission groove 124 or the fuel injection pipe 112 . (not shown in the figure) and auxiliary fuel injection pipe (not shown in the figure), to provide lubricating oil to the above-mentioned parts separately.
  • auxiliary oil transmission groove independent of the oil transmission groove 124 or the fuel injection pipe 112 .
  • auxiliary fuel injection pipe not shown in the figure
  • the auxiliary fuel injection pipe extends toward the part that only needs active lubrication, so as to provide only active lubrication to the part; or no lubrication is required when the gearbox 200 is in a low-speed operating condition, and when the gearbox 200 is in a high-speed operating condition
  • the oil feeder 100 may be provided with an auxiliary oil delivery groove connected to the oil collecting sump 120 , and the auxiliary oil delivery groove extends toward the part that only needs passive lubrication, so as to provide passive lubrication to the part.
  • the auxiliary oil delivery groove and the auxiliary fuel injection pipe are respectively provided independently of the oil delivery groove 124 and the fuel injection pipe 112 , which further expands the application scope of the oil feeder 100 of the present application.
  • the side plate 122 includes a first side plate 1221 adjacent to the first gear 211 , and a second side plate 1222 opposite to the first side plate 1221 .
  • the first side plate 1221 has a first height h1 relative to the bottom plate 121
  • the second side plate 1222 has a second height h2 relative to the bottom plate 121
  • the second height h2 is higher than the first height h1 . It can be understood that because the first side plate 1221 is closer to the first gear 211 than the second side plate 1222 , when the gear set 210 rotates, the first gear 211 agitates the lubricating oil from the oil stirring channel 250 into the oil collecting tank 120 .
  • the oil collecting tank 120 is sent into the oil collecting tank 120 from the side of the upper opening 123 close to the first side plate 1221 .
  • Setting the height of the first side plate 1221 is relatively low, which can ensure that the lubricating oil can smoothly pass over the first side plate 1221 and enter the oil collecting tank 120 .
  • the height of the second side plate 1222 is relatively high, so that more lubricating oil can be intercepted at a position far from the first gear 211, so that it falls into the oil collecting tank 120, thereby ensuring that the amount of lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120 meets the Working demands of gear set 210 .
  • the height of the first side plate 1221 relative to the bottom plate 121 and the height of the second side plate 1222 relative to the bottom plate 121 are both relative to the bottom plate 121 on the same horizontal plane as a reference. That is, the heights of the first side plate 1221 and the second side plate 1222 can be understood as absolute heights in the vertical direction, and the reference starting point of the absolute heights is the horizontal plane where the bottom plate 121 is located. Therefore, in some embodiments, when the bottom plate 121 may be set to an inclined or stepped structure, it can also ensure that the height of the second side plate 1222 is higher than that of the first side plate 1221 to achieve better lubrication Oil collection effect.
  • the side plate 122 also includes a first side plate 1221 adjacent to the first gear 211 , and a second side plate 1222 opposite to the first side plate 1221 .
  • the side panel 122 further includes a third side panel 1223 located between the first side panel 1221 and the second side panel 1222 .
  • the third side plate 1223 is protruded from the bottom plate 121 , and the third side plate 1223 has a third height h3 relative to the bottom plate 121 , and the third height h3 is also higher than the first height h1 .
  • the third side plate 1223 by setting the third side plate 1223 to intercept the lubricating oil sent by the first gear 211 , it can also ensure that the amount of lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120 can meet the working requirements of the gear set 210 .
  • the height of the third side plate 1223 relative to the bottom plate 121 is also the same horizontal plane as the height of the first side plate 1221 relative to the bottom plate 121 as a reference. That is, the third height h3 of the third side plate 1223 and the first height h1 of the first side plate 1221 can also be understood as absolute heights in the vertical direction.
  • the bottom plate 121 includes a first side 1211 and a second side 1212 opposite to each other.
  • the first side 1211 is located close to the first gear 211
  • the second side 1212 is located relatively far from the first gear 211 .
  • the second side 1212 is flush with the first side 1211 in the vertical direction, or higher than the first side 1211 . That is, the oil collecting groove 120 is fixed in the casing in a relatively inclined posture, and the side of the inclined oil collecting groove 120 close to the first gear 211 is relatively lower. Similar to the embodiments of FIGS.
  • the bottom plate 121 can be configured as a flat plate-like structure as shown in FIG. 19 . At this time, the bottom plate 121 needs to be inclined so that the first side 1211 is lower than the second side 1212 so as to realize the collection of more lubricating oil. ;
  • the bottom plate 121 can also be shown in FIG. 18 , consisting of a first plate body 1213 and a second plate body 1214 that are fixedly connected to each other.
  • the first side 1211 is formed on the side of the first board 1213 away from the second board 1214
  • the second side 1212 is formed on the side of the second board 1214 away from the first board 1213 .
  • the first plate body 1213 is fixed in the box body in a horizontal attitude, so that the lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120 can flow relatively uniformly to the side oil conveying grooves 1241; the second plate body 1214 is opposite to the first plate body 1213 is inclined and arranged to elevate the second side 1212 to achieve more lubricating oil collection effect.
  • a plurality of oil guide plates 125 are also provided on the bottom plate 121 (see also FIG. 14 and FIG. 10 synchronously), and the plurality of oil guide plates 125 are protruded on the bottom plate 121 at intervals, and many oil guide plates 125 are provided on the bottom plate 121.
  • the block oil guide plate 125 divides the inner space of the oil collecting tank 120 into a plurality of oil collecting areas 126 .
  • Some of the oil collecting areas 126 are also respectively connected to different parts of the side plate 122, and the side plate 122 has a gap 1225 corresponding to each oil collecting area at the position connected to each oil collecting area 126;
  • the areas 126 are respectively connected to different vertical oil grooves 1244 on the bottom plate 121 .
  • FIG. 20 For ease of expression, only part of the oil collecting areas 126 are shown in FIG. 20 . In fact, there are more oil collecting areas 126 in FIG. 20 , and each oil conveying groove 124 is connected to one oil collecting area 126 respectively.
  • each notch 1225 of the side plate 122 is connected to a lateral oil conveying groove 1241, so part of the oil collecting areas 126 connected to the side plate 122 is actually connected to a lateral oil conveying groove 1241, while the rest of the oil collecting areas Oil field 126 communicates to vertical oil sump 1244 .
  • Each oil collecting area 126 divided by the oil guide plate 125 is connected to one oil conveying groove 124 respectively, that is, each oil conveying groove 124 is used to convey the lubricating oil in one oil collecting area 126 to its corresponding oil supply to be supplied part.
  • each oil collecting area 126 can be adjusted, and on the premise that the lubricating oil level in the oil collecting tank 120 tends to be the same, the larger the area is.
  • the amount of lubricating oil carried by the oil collecting area 126 is larger, and the flow rate of the lubricating oil conveyed by the oil conveying groove 124 connected to the oil collecting area 126 is correspondingly increased.
  • the oil quantity of the lubricating oil required by each part to be lubricated may be different. In some parts to be lubricated with a larger meshing area of the gears, more lubricating oil may be required for lubrication.
  • the inner space of the oil collecting tank 120 is divided by the oil guide plate 125 to form the oil collecting areas 126 of different sizes, which can distribute the lubricating oil according to the needs of each part to be lubricated, and further improve the oil supply 100 to the gear set 210. Lubrication effect.
  • each of the plurality of oil guide plates 125 is provided with a straight section 1251 , and the straight sections 1251 of the plurality of oil guide plates 125 all extend to the bottom plate 121 near the second side 1212 , and the plurality of straight sections 1251 are The segments 1251 are parallel to each other and at regular intervals.
  • the straight sections 1251 of the plurality of oil guide plates 125 are fixed at the second side 1212 in parallel and spaced apart from each other, so that a plurality of channels for guiding the flow of lubricating oil can be formed on the second side 1212 of the bottom plate 121 .
  • each channel is connected to an oil collecting area 126, that is, a plurality of mutually parallel and fixedly spaced straight sections 1251 realize the diversion of the lubricating oil at the second side 1212, and allow the lubricating oil to enter from this side
  • the lubricating oil of the sump 120 can be drained into the various sump areas 126 .
  • the lubricating oil sent by the first gear 211 into the oil collecting tank 120 through the oil stirring channel 250 needs to pass over the side plate 122 at the first side 1211 and then fall into the oil collecting tank 120 . Therefore, the lubricating oil collected in the oil collecting sump 120 mostly enters the oil collecting sump 120 from a position close to the second side 1212 .
  • the straight sections 1251 are arranged on each oil guide plate 125, and each straight section 1251 is extended to a position close to the second side 1212, which is beneficial to realize the diversion of the lubricating oil when most of the lubricating oil enters the oil collecting tank 120, The divided lubricating oil is guided into each oil collecting area 126 .
  • the diverting area of each channel can also be adjusted correspondingly, so that the lubricating oil entering the oil collecting tank 120 on the second side 1212 can be realized.
  • the distribution of the oil quantity can also meet the different lubricating oil quantity requirements of the parts to be lubricated in the gear set 210 .
  • the straight section 1251 may also extend toward the second side plate 1222 or the third side plate 1223 , and the second side plate 1222 is close to the first gear 211 side, or the third side
  • the side of the plate 1223 close to the first gear 211 also forms an oil separation channel (see FIG. 18 ), so as to realize the distribution effect of the amount of lubricating oil while the first side plate 1221 or the third side plate 1223 intercepts the lubricating oil.
  • Such an embodiment can further strengthen the oil guide plate 125 to guide the flow of lubricating oil in the oil collecting tank 120, and ensure that the lubricating oil collected in each oil collecting area 126 meets the working requirements of the corresponding parts to be lubricated.

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Abstract

一种变速箱(200),包括具有内腔(240)的箱体(510),以及收容于箱体(510)内的齿轮组(210)和供油器(100),内腔(240)底部设有承载润滑油的储油池(243),供油器(100)包括固定连接的密封仓(110)和集油槽(120),密封仓(110)设有进油口(111)以及喷油管(112),储油池(243)中的润滑油从进油口(111)送入,并经喷油管(112)朝向齿轮组(210)的待润滑部位喷射润滑油,集油槽(120)具有上部开口(123),用于在齿轮组(210)转动时接收搅动送入的润滑油,集油槽(120)还对应于喷油管(112)设有输油槽(124),用于与对应的喷油管(112)润滑同一待润滑部位。供油器(100)通过密封仓(110)实现主动润滑,并通过集油槽(120)实现被动润滑,两种方式配合保证变速箱(200)工作可靠,且喷油管(112)和输油槽(124)的位置可调,移植性强。还涉及包括变速箱(200)的汽车动力总成(500),以及一种汽车。

Description

变速箱、汽车动力总成及汽车 技术领域
本申请涉及电动汽车领域,尤其涉及一种变速箱,以及配置有该变速箱的一种汽车动力总成,和一种汽车。
背景技术
电动汽车的汽车动力总成由电机和变速箱组成。电机作为动力源,转速较高,需要匹配具有一定减速比的变速箱将电机动力传递到车轮端。在汽车动力总成工作时,电机会大量发热,同时变速箱内的轴承和齿轮转速高、载荷大,轴承和齿轮表面因摩擦产生大量热量。为防止传动失效,工程设计会在电机和变速箱内部引入冷却润滑设计,确保零部件处于合适的工作温度区间。
目前在市场的推动下,汽车动力总成正朝小型化高功率的方向演进。汽车动力总成的最高转速和载荷不断提升,以实现更高的功率密度和总功率。转速与载荷的升高使电机和变速箱的发热量均显著增加,保证电机与变速箱的高效冷却与润滑已成为制约总成小型化的瓶颈。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种润滑可靠的变速箱,以适应变速箱不同转速的工作状态。本申请还提供包括该变速箱的汽车动力总成,以及一种汽车,均基于变速箱的特点配置,获得更好的润滑和冷却效果。
第一方面,本申请涉及一种变速箱,包括具有内腔的箱体,以及收容于箱体内的齿轮组和供油器;内腔底部设有承载润滑油的储油池;供油器固定于齿轮组背离储油池一侧,供油器包括固定连接的密封仓和集油槽,集油槽位于密封仓的上方;密封仓设有进油口以及至少一路喷油管,至少一路喷油管朝向不同的方向延伸;密封仓用于接收从进油口送入的储油池中的润滑油,并经至少一路喷油管朝向齿轮组的至少一个待润滑部位喷射润滑油;集油槽具有上部开口,集油槽用于在齿轮组转动时,通过上部开口接收齿轮组搅动送入的储油池中的润滑油,集油槽还设有至少一路输油槽,输油槽的数量与喷油管的数量相同,任一路输油槽均对应于其中一路喷油管设置,用于与对应的喷油管润滑同一待润滑部位。
本申请变速箱通过箱体内腔收容了齿轮组和供油器,同时本申请变速箱通过箱体内腔形成有储油池,进而实现变速箱的转动减速功能,同时通过将储油池中的润滑油送入供油器中,实现对齿轮组中预设的待润滑部位进行润滑。其中因为供油器固定于齿轮组背离储油池一侧,即供油器沿竖直方向固定于齿轮组的上方,供油器从输油槽和/或喷油管输送的润滑油能够经重力作用流至齿轮组的待润滑部位。
其中供油器通过进油口容许润滑油流入密封仓内,并通过喷油管使得密封仓内的润滑油流出,以作用到齿轮组中的待润滑部位上。密封仓可以提供润滑油一定的压力,保证喷油管以一定的速度朝向待润滑部位喷射润滑油,实现对待润滑部位的主动润滑。
供油器还在齿轮组转动时,通过位于密封仓上方的集油槽的上部开口收集被齿轮搅动送入的润滑油,并从输油槽流出作用到齿轮组中的待润滑部位上,实现对待润滑部位的被动润滑。
对于齿轮组中同一待润滑部位而言,由密封仓延伸出的喷油管和由集油槽伸出的输油槽的延伸路径相对应,使得喷油管和输油槽均能够朝向该待润滑部位延伸,并分别实现该待润滑部位的主动润滑和被动润滑。
本申请供油器在同时实现齿轮组各个待润滑部位主动和被动润滑的同时,通过输油槽和喷油管的匹配设置,使得供油器可以针对待润滑部位的位置不同,来对应调整输油槽和喷油管各自相对于集油槽和密封仓的延伸路径,以实现与待润滑部位的位置匹配,达到润滑效果。齿轮组的待润滑部位位置和数量可以视实际工程结构的需求任意调整,并不会影响到供油器的润滑效果,进而保证了齿轮组的正常工作,提升了变速箱的可靠性。
一种可能的实施例中,齿轮组包括相互啮合的第一齿轮和第二齿轮,且第一齿轮和第二齿轮分别与箱体转动连接;第一齿轮的底部位于储油池内并浸没于润滑油中,第一齿轮背离第二齿轮一侧由下至上转动,并与箱体的内壁相互间隔以形成搅油通道,第一齿轮转动时,可带动储油池中的润滑油经搅油通道进入集油槽。
在本实施例中,通过第一齿轮浸没于储油池承载的润滑油中,并通过内壁与第一齿轮形成的搅油通道,使得第一齿轮在转动时能通过搅油通道将润滑油送入供油器的集油槽中,实现对齿轮组中各个待润滑部位的被动润滑功能。
一种可能的实施例中,供油器设置于第一齿轮靠近第二齿轮一侧,箱体的内壁包括第一侧壁和顶壁,第一侧壁位于第一齿轮背离第二齿轮一侧,顶壁位于第一侧壁之上,第一侧壁和顶壁共同与第一齿轮形成搅油通道。
在本实施例中,第一齿轮背离第二齿轮一侧由下至上转动,第一齿轮靠近第二齿轮一侧则由上至下转动。当供油器设置于第一齿轮靠近第一齿轮一侧时,第一齿轮搅动的润滑油需要越过第一齿轮的顶部后送入集油槽中。此时第一侧壁和顶壁共同与第一齿轮形成了搅油通道,以供第一齿轮搅动的润滑油通过并送入集油槽中。
顶壁包括靠近第一侧壁的第一端面,以及与第一端面对置的第二端面,第二端面沿竖直方向位于第一端面的下方,以引导搅油通道中的润滑油流入集油槽中。
在本实施例中,顶壁靠近第一侧壁一处需要与第一齿轮的顶部间隔设置,而顶壁远离第一侧壁一处则可以沿竖直方向位于第一端面的下方,进而形成由第一齿轮朝向集油槽倾斜的斜面,可以引导更多的润滑油落入集油槽中。
一种可能的实施例中,储油池中润滑油的液面高度与第一齿轮回转中心的距离,小于或等于第一齿轮的齿根圆半径。
在本实施例中,定义储油池中润滑油的液面高度,可以保证第一齿轮浸没于润滑油的深度,进而保证第一齿轮能搅动足够的油量至集油槽中。
一种可能的实施例中,变速箱还包括输油组件,输油组件包括输油管路和输油泵,输油管路的一端连通至供油器的进油口,另一端连通至储油池,输油泵用于将储油池中的润滑油通过输油管路泵入密封仓。
在本实施例中,通过输油组件与密封仓的连通,将储油池中的润滑油输送至密封仓中, 实现对齿轮组中各个待润滑部位的主动润滑功能。
一种可能的实施例中,第一齿轮与第二齿轮在第一啮合位处相互啮合,至少一个待润滑部位包括第一啮合位。
在本实施例中,第一齿轮与第二齿轮在第一啮合位处相互啮合,对第一啮合位提供润滑可以减缓第一齿轮和第二齿轮表面的摩擦,延长齿轮组的使用寿命。
一种可能的实施例中,变速箱还包括第三齿轮和第四齿轮,且第三齿轮和第四齿轮在第二啮合位处相互啮合,至少一个待润滑部位还包括第二啮合位。
在本实施例中,齿轮组还可以包括更多的齿轮,且更多的齿轮相互啮合传动。此时供油器还可以对其余的啮合位同样进行润滑,减缓齿轮组的摩擦损耗。
一种可能的实施例中,齿轮组还包括第一齿轮轴、第二齿轮轴、第一轴承和第二轴承,第一齿轮轴与第一齿轮固定连接,第二齿轮轴与第二齿轮固定连接,第一轴承用于实现第一齿轮轴与箱体的转动连接,第二轴承用于实现第二齿轮轴与箱体的转动连接,待润滑部位还包括第一轴承的位置和第二轴承的位置。
在本实施例中,通过第一齿轮轴和第一轴承的配合,可以实现第一齿轮相对于箱体的转动连接。对第一轴承处的润滑可以减缓第一轴承的内部摩擦,延长第一轴承的使用寿命;通过第二齿轮轴和第二轴承的配合,可以实现第二齿轮相对于箱体的转动连接。对第二轴承处的润滑也可以减缓第二轴承的内部摩擦,延长第二轴承的使用寿命。
一种可能的实施例中,齿轮组还包括第三齿轮轴和第三轴承,第三齿轮轴与第三齿轮固定连接,并用于实现第三齿轮轴与箱体的转动连接,待润滑部位还包括第三轴承的位置。
在本实施例中,齿轮组还可能包括第三轴承,供油器还可以对第三轴承处进行润滑,以减缓第三轴承的内部摩擦,延长第三轴承的使用寿命。
一种可能的实施例中,至少一路喷油管包括侧向喷油管,侧向喷油管沿水平方向且沿背离密封仓的方向延伸;至少一路输油槽包括侧向输油槽,侧板上开设有连通侧向输油槽的缺口,侧向输油槽的延伸方向与对应的侧向喷油管的延伸方向相同,并位于对应的侧向喷油管的上方。
在本实施例中,对应到齿轮组中部分待润滑部位位于供油器的侧方向,设置了连通密封仓的侧向喷油管,以及通过缺口连通集油槽的侧向输油槽,且侧向输油槽位于侧向喷油管的上方,二者可以平行延伸至齿轮组的待润滑部位处,分别实现对该待润滑部位的主动润滑和被动润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例中,侧向输油槽包括槽底和两面槽壁,槽底平行于侧向喷油管,两面槽壁相对设置于槽底两侧,槽底包括靠近缺口的第一端,以及远离缺口的第二端,第二端沿竖直方向位于第一端的下方,或与第一端齐平。
在本实施例中,通过侧向输油槽的槽底和槽壁引导润滑油朝向待润滑部位的流动,实现对待润滑部位的被动润滑效果。且第二端齐平或低于第一端的设置,可以保证润滑油在重力作用下顺利流向待润滑部位。
一种可能的实施例中,在侧向喷油管与侧向输油槽平行延伸的路径上,侧向喷油管具有超出侧向输油槽延伸长度的延伸段,延伸段的顶部设有敞开的开口,侧向输油槽输送的润滑油还通过开口流入延伸段中,并沿延伸段作用于待润滑部位。
在本实施例中,侧向喷油管沿延伸路径部分超出侧向输油槽,并通过该超出的延伸段顶部的敞开开口接收侧向输油槽中的润滑油,该部分润滑油经延伸段作用到待润滑部位位置。本实施例利用侧向输油槽和侧向喷油管平行设置的特点,简化了侧向输油槽的结构,仅通过侧向喷油管即可完成润滑油的引导。
一种可能的实施例中,多个第一端沿水平方向齐平设置。
在本实施例中,当集油槽连通了多路侧向输油槽之后,设置多路侧向输油槽中槽底的第一端沿水平方向齐平,可以保证集油槽内的润滑油均匀的流入各路侧向输油槽中,以保证每一路侧向输油槽对待润滑部位的润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例中,至少一路喷油管包括竖向喷油管,竖向喷油管沿竖直方向向背离密封仓的方向延伸;至少一路输油槽包括竖向输油槽,竖向输油槽与集油槽的底板固定连接,且构造为贯穿密封仓的通槽,竖向输油槽的延伸方向与对应的竖向喷油管的延伸方向相同,并位于对应的竖向喷油管的一侧。
在本实施例中,对应到齿轮组中部分待润滑部位还可能位于供油器的下方,设置了连通密封仓的竖向喷油管,以及连通集油槽的竖向输油槽,且设置竖向输油槽构造为贯穿密封仓的通槽,即达到了朝向供油器下方的待润滑部位进行润滑的效果。此时竖向输油槽位于竖向喷油管的一侧,二者朝向下方的待润滑部位平行延伸。
一种可能的实施例中,竖向喷油管构造为开设于密封仓底部的开孔。
在本实施例中,因为待润滑部位位于供油器的下方,因此设置竖向喷油管构造为开设于密封仓底部的开孔,密封仓可以在开孔处借重力作用直接朝向待润滑部位输送润滑油。
一种可能的实施例中,至少一路输油槽的数量为多路,底板上还设有至少一块导油板,至少一块导油板将集油槽的内部空间划分为至少两个集油区,至少两个集油区的数量与多路输油槽的数量相同,且每一路输油槽连通一个集油区。
在本实施例中,利用导油板将集油槽的内部空间划分为多个集油区,并使得每路输油槽连通一个集油区,可以保证每路输油槽分配到所需的润滑油并提供润滑。而通过对集油区的大小差异设置,还可以对不同的待润滑部位提供不同油量的润滑,以满足不同待润滑部位的润滑需求。
一种可能的实施例中,底板包括相对的第一侧和第二侧,在齿轮组转动时,齿轮组搅动润滑油从上部开口靠近第一侧的方向送入集油槽,每块导油板均设有平直段,且每块导油板的平直段设于底板靠近第二侧处,多个直线段相互平行且间隔固定。
在本实施例中,因为齿轮搅动的润滑油多从上部开口远离第一侧的方向落入集油槽中,通过在每个导油板上设置平直段,且平直段相互平行的间隔固定于靠近第二侧处,可以在润滑油进入集油槽时实现各个集油区的润滑油分配,满足不同待润滑部位的润滑需求。
一种可能的实施例中,侧板包括靠近第一齿轮的第一侧板,以及与第一侧板相对置的第二侧板,第一侧板距离底板具有第一高度,第二侧板距离底板具有第二高度,且第一高度低于第二高度。
在本实施例中,基于齿轮组搅油方式供油的特点,将侧板中相对靠近第一齿轮的第一侧板的高度,设置为低于相对远离第一齿轮的第二侧板的高度,可以保证润滑油顺利越过第一侧板,并在第二侧板的阻挡下落入集油槽中,达到更好的被动润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例中,侧板还包括凸设于底板上的第三侧板,第三侧板位于第一侧板与第二侧板之间,第一侧板距离底板具有第一高度,第三侧板距离底板具有第三高度,且第一高度低于第三高度。
在本实施例中,在第一侧板和第二侧板之间设置专门用于挡油的第三侧板,也可以将齿轮组搅动的润滑油更多的收集于集油槽中,达到更好的被动润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例中,底板包括靠近第一齿轮的第一侧,以及与第一侧相对置的和第二侧,第二侧沿竖直方向位于第一侧的上方,或与第一侧齐平。
在本实施例中,通过对底板的倾斜设置,也可以使得上部开口朝向供油的方向倾斜,齿轮组搅动的润滑油得以更多收集于集油槽中,达到更好的被动润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例中,密封仓与集油槽设置为一体结构。
在本实施例中,集油槽与密封仓设为一体结构,集油槽的底板可以用于形成密封仓的顶部结构,集油槽的侧板也可以用于形成密封仓的侧边结构,有利于缩小供油器的总体体积,进而适应变速箱的小型化。
第二方面,本申请还提供一种汽车动力总成,包括电机和本申请第一方面提供的变速箱,电机与变速箱固定连接,且电机用于驱动变速箱中的齿轮组转动。
本申请汽车动力总成因为采用了本申请第二方面提供的变速箱,因此具备了更好的润滑效果,在汽车动力总成低速运转时通过主动润滑对齿轮组形成保护,并在汽车动力总成高速运转时通过被动润滑对齿轮组形成保护,提升了汽车动力总成的可靠性和使用寿命。
一种可能的实施例中,汽车动力总成还设有冷却系统,冷却系统用于将储油池中的润滑油输送至电机中,以对电机进行冷却降温。
在本实施例中,汽车动力总成还通过冷却系统将储油池中的润滑油输送至电机中,以对电机进行冷却降温,无需在电机内再设置润滑油的承载结构,提升了汽车动力总成的集成度,有利于控制汽车动力总成的整体体积。
一种可能的实施例中,冷却系统包括进油管和回油管,进油管和回油管均连通于储油池和电机之间,润滑油从进油管流入电机中完成冷却降温后,经回油管流回储油池中。
在本实施例中,通过进油管和回油管形成冷却系统的回路,使得经进油管送入电机中的润滑油,能够经回油管返回至储油池中,实现电机内用于冷却的润滑油循环交换。
一种可能的实施例中,还包括换热器,换热器串联于回油管上,用于对润滑油冷却降温。
在本实施例中,利用串联于回油管上的换热器对润滑油进行换热冷却,可以使得电机中回流的高温润滑油经换热器的冷却后,回到储油池中供循环使用,避免造成变速箱的温升过快。
一种可能的实施例中,电机包括相互配合的定子和转子,冷却系统将润滑油分别送入定子和转子中,以对电机进行冷却降温。
在本实施例中,电机包括定子和转子,润滑油分别进入到定子和转子中,可以降低电机的整体温度,实现更好的冷却效果。
第三方面,本申请提供一种汽车,包括车轮和本申请第二方面提供的汽车动力总成,汽车动力总成用于驱动车轮转动。
可以理解的,因为本申请第二方面提供的汽车动力总成具备了更好的润滑和冷却效果,本申请汽车的稳定性更高,并提升了电机驱动车轮转动时的传动效率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的汽车动力总成外观示意图;
图2是图1所示汽车动力总成的截面示意图;
图3是图1所示汽车动力总成中冷却系统的一种润滑油流通方式示意图;
图4是图1所示汽车动力总成中冷却系统的油路分配示意图;
图5是图1所示汽车动力总成中变速箱的内部结构示意图;
图6是图5所示变速箱中齿轮组和供油器的结构示意图;
图7是图5所示变速箱中齿轮组和供油器另一观测方向的结构示意图;
图8是图5所示变速箱中被动润滑油路的结构示意图;
图9是图8所示变速箱中被动润滑油路的局部结构示意图;
图10是图5所示变速箱中供油器的结构示意图;
图11是图5所示变速箱中供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图12是图5所示变速箱中供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图13是图5所示变速箱中供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图14是图10所示变速箱的供油器中一组相互平行的侧向喷油管和侧向输油槽的剖面结构示意图;
图15是图10所示变速箱的供油器中一组相互平行的侧向喷油管和侧向输油槽另一种实施例的剖面结构示意图;
图16是图10所示变速箱的供油器另一种实施例的截面示意图;
图17是图10所示变速箱的供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图18是图10所示变速箱的供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图19是图10所示变速箱的供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图;
图20是图10所示变速箱的供油器另一种实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
本文中为部件所编序号本身,例如“第一”、“第二”等,仅用于区分所描述的对象,不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”,如无特别说明,均包括直接和间接连接。在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的 方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触,或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”和“上方”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”和“下方”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
请参阅图1所示本申请实施例提供的汽车动力总成500,包括有电机300和变速箱200。电机300与变速箱200的相对位置固定,且电机300与变速箱200之间传动连接。电机300作为汽车动力总成的动力源,其转速较高,需要匹配具有一定减速比的变速箱200,将电机300输出的动力传递到汽车的车轮上,进而驱动汽车行驶。可以理解的,装有本申请汽车动力总成500的汽车可以为电动汽车,或者油电混合动力的汽车。
电机300和变速箱200分别设有壳体,用于保护电机300及其内部的运动组件,以及保护变速箱200及其内部的运动组件。电机300的壳体和变速箱200的壳体可以相互独立设置,并于电机300和变速箱200分别完成装配后再将壳体连接固定。在另一些实施例中,还可以将电机300的壳体和变速箱200的壳体如图1所示一体设置。图1所示的汽车动力总成500包括壳体510,电机300和变速箱200的内部组件均收容于壳体510中。因为电机300和变速箱200的相对位置固定,将电机300和变速箱200的壳体一体设置,可以提高本申请汽车动力总成500的集成度。同时壳体510的一体化设置还省去了电机300的壳体与变速箱200的壳体之间的连接组件,简化了汽车动力总成500的结构,有利于实现汽车动力总成500的小型化。
请配合参见图2所示的本申请汽车动力总成500截面示意图。其中,为了清楚示意汽车动力总成500的内部结构,图2中省略了剖面结构中的剖面线。电机300具有定子310和转子320。定子310与壳体510固定连接,转子320与壳体510转动连接。定子310套设于转子320的外侧,定子310用于驱动转子320转动。图2的示意中,转子320还包括伸出定子310的输出段321,输出段321与变速箱200传动连接,以将动力传递给变速箱200,实现电机300的动力输出。在一些实施例中,输出段321也可以构造为与转子320固定连接的转动轴结构,转子320通过驱动转动轴转动,以实现电机300从输出段321输出转动动力的功能。
在本申请汽车动力总成500中,电机300与变速箱200的传动连接方式可以采用齿轮啮合传动、链传动、带传动等多种方式实现。在图2的示意中,转子320的输出段321上还设置了齿轮段322,变速箱200对应齿轮段322设置了从动轮218,齿轮段322与从动轮218相互啮合,以实现电机300与变速箱200的传动连接。
一种实施例如图2所示,本申请汽车动力总成500还包括冷却系统600。冷却系统600用于分别对电机300和变速箱200实现冷却降温以及润滑的功能。具体的,冷却系统600可接通于电机300内部,并向电机300输送用于冷却的润滑油,实现对电机300的冷却作用。
冷却系统600包括分别连通至电机300的进油管610和回油管620,进油管610远离电机300的一侧(也可以理解为进油管610的入口端)连通至存储润滑油的部位,回油管 620远离电机300的一侧(也可以理解为回油管620的出口端)也连通至存储润滑油的部位。该存储润滑油的部位可以设置于汽车动力总成500的内部,也可以设置为外部储油箱。润滑油需要具有冷却作用,润滑油经进油管610流通至电机300内部后,与电机300实现热交换,并经回油管620流回存储润滑油的部位,实现润滑油的循环流动,并对电机300实现降温。
进油管610和回油管620可以为独立的管路,也可以如图2所示至少部分构造为开设于壳体510内部的通孔。此时进油管610、电机300和回油管620形成润滑油的循环回路。在电机300工作的过程中,定子310对转子320的驱动过程中会产生较大的热量。在图2示意的实施例中,进油管610输送的润滑油还同时流经定子310和转子320,用于分别对定子310和转子320实现冷却。定子310和转子320也分别与回油管620连通,将完成热交换的润滑油送入回油管620中。
一种实施例请看回图1,冷却系统600还包括换热器630,换热器630串联于回油管620中,完成换热的润滑油经换热器630换热冷却后,经过回油管620送回存储润滑油的部位,以保证存储润滑油的部位中存储的润滑油处于低温状态,并可以经进油管610重新进入电机300中进行换热。
在图2的示意中,回油管620的路径上设置了用于连通换热器630的第一接口621以及第二接口622,回油管620中的润滑油经第一接口621进入换热器630中实现换热,并经第二接口622接收经换热器630换热后的润滑油。需要提出的是,图2只示意了冷却系统600的一种润滑油流通方式。在另一些实施例中,冷却系统600中润滑油的流通路径还可以如图3所示,在该截面位置的通孔全部设置为进油管610,并在另一截面位置设置回油管(图中未示)实现润滑油的循环流动;或在一些实施例中,冷却系统600在该截面位置全部设置为回油管(图中未示),并在另一截面位置设置进油管(图中未示),也可以实现润滑油的循环流动效果。
在一些实施例中,当存储润滑油的部位设置于汽车动力总成500的壳体510内部时,还可以将壳体510的底部设为存储润滑油的油池,此时冷却系统600可以仅设置进油管610,被送入定子310或转子320中的润滑油可以在流出电机300之后,经重力作用向下流动,并流入该油池中。即本实施例可以省去回油管620的设置,或者将壳体510的内壁整体视为回油管620,以起到引导润滑油回流至油池中的作用。可以理解的,在本实施例中,换热器630宜设置在进油管610上,用于对冷却系统600中的润滑油进行冷却(如图3所示)。因为冷却系统600中的润滑油为循环使用的润滑油,因此换热器630设置于冷却系统600的任何位置,都可以达到对润滑油整体实现降温冷却的功能,并不影响本申请冷却系统600的功能实现。
需要提出的是,在图3示意的冷却系统600中,朝向转子320供油的进油管610,以及朝向定子310供油的进油管610,均从与换热器630连通的第一接口621处流出,并分别朝向转子320和定子310。在本实施例中,回油管620可以连通于第二接口622,进而实现换热器630对润滑油的冷却功能。或者,也可以设置进油管610连通至第二接口622,在进油管610输送润滑油的过程中,实现润滑油的冷却功能。
另一方面,在图3的示意中,冷却系统600对转子320的供油方向,从图中的左侧输 送至右侧,而冷却系统600对定子310的供油方向,则从图中的右侧输送至左侧。即冷却系统600对定子310和转子320的输油方向互为反向。在一些实施例中,当存储润滑油的部位位于电机300的一侧时,还可以设置冷却系统600沿相同的方向朝向转子320和定子310分别输送润滑油,以缩短进油管610的长度,并有利于控制本申请汽车动力总成500的整体体积。
请参见图4所示的本申请汽车动力总成500中冷却系统600的油路示意。在图4的示意中,冷却系统600分别作用于电机300和变速箱200。其中,变速箱200包括箱体,箱体形成有内腔240,内腔240的底部构造为储油池243。储油池243用于承载润滑油,即本实施例中储油池243作为存储润滑油的部位。冷却系统600的进油管610和回油管620分别连通至储油池243中。其中进油管610包括第一进油管611和第二进油管612,第一进油管611和第二进油管612可以分别连通至储油池243中,也可以如图4所示,第一进油管611和第二进油管612先于储油池243之外汇合之后,再连通至储油池243中;回油管620包括第一回油管621和第二回油管622,第一回油管621和第二回油管622也可以分别连通至储油池243,或如图4所示先于储油池243之外汇合之后,再连通至储油池243中。
第一进油管611背离储油池243的一端连通至定子310,用于将储油池243中的润滑油输送至定子310中实现冷却。第一回油管621背离储油池243的一端也连通至定子310,用于将定子310内冷却后的润滑油送回储油池243中;第二进油管612背离储油池243的一端连通至转子320,用于将储油池243中的润滑油输送至转子320中实现冷却。第二回油管622背离储油池243的一端也连通至转子320,用于将转子320内冷却后的润滑油送回储油池243中。
可以理解的,第一进油管611和第二进油管612还可以分别连通至换热器630,进而分别将从定子310和转子320流回的润滑油送至换热器630中进行换热。或如图4所示,第一进油管611和第二进油管612先汇合之后,再与换热器630连通,进而将输送至电机300的润滑油先送入换热器630中进行冷却。
图4所示的实施例中,进油管610上还设有油泵640,油泵640用于提供动力,以驱动润滑油在电机300和储油池243之间循环流动。可以理解的,油泵640还可以设置于回油管620上,或油泵640可以设置于换热器630内,都可以实现驱动润滑油循环流动的效果,对电机300持续提供冷却。
另一方面,图4还示意了冷却系统600对变速箱200的润滑油路。可以同步参见图5的示意:变速箱200还包括收容于内腔240中的齿轮组210、供油器100和输油组件230(见图4)。其中齿轮组210中各个齿轮分别与箱体转动连接,供油器100设置于齿轮组210的上侧,且与箱体(壳体510)固定连接。也即供油器100位于齿轮组210背离储油池243一侧。供油器100包括密封仓110和集油槽120,其中密封仓110位于集油槽120的下方。输油组件230包括输油管路231和输油泵232。输油管路231的一端连通至储油池243,另一端连通至供油器100。具体的,请参见图4,输油管路231连通至供油器100的密封仓110内。输油泵232串联于输油管路231上,输油泵232用于经输油管路231向供油器100的密封仓110输送润滑油。供油器100接收输油组件230输送的润滑油后,可以通过连通密封仓110的管路引导润滑油流向下方的齿轮组210,实现对齿轮组210的润滑和冷却功 能。
可以理解的,变速箱200中的输油组件230和供油器100即可以理解为冷却系统600的一部分。齿轮组210在转动的过程中会形成摩擦,并产生热量。通过输油组件230与供油器100的配合,可以向齿轮组210输送润滑油,进而减小齿轮组210的内部摩擦。被输送至齿轮组210上的润滑油可以继续向下回流至储油池243内,润滑油可以带走部分齿轮组210产生的热量,达到一定的降温效果。
可以理解的,在本申请实施例提供的变速箱200中,变速箱200的箱体即为图1和图2所示意的壳体510。在另一些实施例中,变速箱200的箱体也可以单独设置。而因为输油组件230作为冷却系统600的一部分,因此输油组件230中的输油泵232还可以作为冷却系统600中的油泵640使用。即输油管路231与进油管610在储油池243之外汇合,其汇合处与储油池243之间设置输油泵232。输油泵232在驱动润滑油经输油管路231流动至供油器100的过程中,还同步驱动润滑油经进油管610进入电机300中对电机300实现冷却。可以理解的,在本实施例中,可以在输油管路231与进油管610的汇合处设置三通阀,以对输油泵232驱动的润滑油进行分流。
请参见图6和图7所示的变速箱200内部的结构示意图。齿轮组210包括从动轮218、第一齿轮211和第二齿轮212。从动轮218、第一齿轮211与第二齿轮212分别与变速箱200的箱体转动连接,且第一齿轮211和第二齿轮212相互啮合。从动轮218还与第二齿轮212固定连接。具体的,齿轮组210还包括第二齿轮轴214,第二齿轮轴214穿过从动轮218和第二齿轮212的转动中心,并与从动轮218和第二齿轮212固定连接,从而实现从动轮218与第二齿轮212之间的固定连接。从动轮218受转子320的驱动形成转动后,与从动轮218固定连接的第二齿轮212也随从动轮218同步转动。第二齿轮212通过与第一齿轮211之间的相互啮合,进一步将转动动作传递给第一齿轮211。
由此,本申请汽车动力总成500通过电机300的定子310驱动转子320转动,然后通过转子320上齿轮段322与从动轮218的啮合、以及第二齿轮212与第一齿轮211之间的啮合,达到将电机300输出的转动动力传递至第一齿轮211的效果。从图6和图7的示意可以看出,齿轮段322的齿数少于从动轮218的齿数,且第二齿轮212的齿数也少于第一齿轮211的齿数,因此转子320的转动速度经两级减速后到达第一齿轮221处,在由第一齿轮221将转动输出至车轮端时,可以实现变速箱200的减速效果。
在一些实施例中,第二齿轮212也可以与从动轮218一体设置,也即第二齿轮212还可以作为从动齿轮工作。第二车轮212在与第一齿轮211啮合的同时,还直接与转子320的齿轮段322啮合,此时因为齿轮段322的齿数小于第一齿轮211的齿数,本实施例也可以实现变速箱200的减速效果。且第二齿轮212作为从动齿轮的实施例可以进一步压缩变速箱200的体积,进而减小汽车动力总成500的整体体积。
在另一些实施例中,齿轮组210还可以包括第三齿轮(图中未示)和第四齿轮(图中未示)。其中第三齿轮与第一齿轮211固定连接,第三齿轮与第四齿轮相互啮合,并将第一齿轮211的转动动作传递给第四齿轮,实现齿轮组210的下一级减速效果。也即,第一齿轮211可以作为变速箱200中齿轮组210的输出齿轮,用于输出变速箱200所传递的转动动力;第一齿轮211也可以作为变速箱200中齿轮组210的一过渡齿轮,通过与第二齿轮 212的啮合实现齿轮组210中的一级减速效果。
而在第二齿轮212一端,在一些实施例中,第二齿轮212也可以通过一对中间齿轮的过渡,来实现与从动轮218的传动连接。即本申请变速箱200中的齿轮组210并不限制齿轮的数量,也不限制齿轮组210中的传动级数,通过供油器100与输油组件230的配合,都可以实现对齿轮组210的润滑和降温效果。
请继续参见图6和图7所示的变速箱200内部的结构。齿轮组210还包括第一齿轮轴213、第一轴承215和第二轴承216。其中第一齿轮轴213穿过第一齿轮211的转动中心,并与第一齿轮211固定连接。第一轴承215的数量为两个,两个第一轴承215沿第一齿轮轴213的长度方向固定于第一齿轮211的两侧。也即在第一齿轮轴213的长度方向上,第一齿轮211位于两个第一轴承215之间。第一轴承215包括第一轴承定子2151和第一轴承转子2152,第一轴承转子2152可以在第一轴承定子2151内转动。每个第一轴承定子2151分别与变速箱200的箱体固定连接,每个第一轴承转子2152则与第一齿轮轴213固定连接,由此第一齿轮轴213可以通过两个第一轴承转子2152相对于第一轴承定子2151的转动,实现与箱体的转动连接。而第一齿轮211与第一齿轮轴213固定连接,即第一齿轮211通过第一齿轮轴213与第一轴承215的配合,实现与变速箱200箱体的转动连接。
在图6的示意中,第一齿轮轴213构造为U型支架的结构,其包括与第一轴承215固定连接的支撑部2131,以及分列支撑部2131两侧的连接部2132。两个连接部2132分别与第一齿轮211固定连接,也实现了第一齿轮轴213与第一齿轮211固定连接的效果。
第二轴承216的数量也为两个,两个第二轴承216沿第二齿轮轴214的长度方向固定于第二齿轮212的两侧,也固定于从动轮218的两侧。也即,在第二齿轮轴214的长度方向上,第二齿轮212和从动轮218均位于两个第二轴承216之间。第二轴承216包括第二轴承定子2161和第二轴承转子2162,第二轴承转子2162可以在第二轴承定子2161内转动。每个第二轴承定子2161分别与变速箱200的箱体固定连接,每个第二轴承转子2162则与第二齿轮轴214固定连接,由此第二齿轮轴214可以通过两个第二轴承转子2162相对于第二轴承定子2161的转动,实现与箱体的转动连接。而第二齿轮212与第二齿轮轴214固定连接,即第二齿轮212通过第二齿轮轴214与第二轴承216的配合,实现与变速箱200箱体的转动连接。
第一齿轮211与第二齿轮212的啮合传动,会使得第一齿轮211与第二齿轮212之间形成摩擦。且电机300输出的转速越高,第一齿轮211与第二齿轮212之间的摩擦力越大,随之产生的热量越大。进一步的,在第一轴承215和第二轴承216的内部,在第一齿轮211和第二齿轮212高速旋转的过程中,第一轴承定子2151和第一轴承转子2152、以及第二轴承定子2161和第二轴承转子2162之间的摩擦力也同步提升,会造成第一轴承215与第二轴承216各自产生的热量升高。
供油器100对齿轮组210输送的润滑油,可以针对性的作用于上述存在摩擦现象,并温升较高的部位输送,进而通过润滑油在第一齿轮211与第二齿轮212的啮合部位(定义为第一啮合位)处、第一轴承215内部、以及第二轴承216的内部形成稳定的油膜,减缓金属摩擦造成的磨损,进而提升齿轮组210的传动效率,从而提升变速箱200的可靠性和使用寿命。在本实施例中,定义上述存在摩擦现象,并温升较高的如齿轮组210中的第一 啮合位、第一轴承215的位置、以及第二轴承216的位置均为齿轮组210的待润滑部位。供油器100对齿轮组210提供润滑油,即为供油器100对齿轮210的待润滑部位提供润滑油。
可以理解的,当齿轮组210中还包括第三齿轮和第四齿轮时,第三齿轮与第四齿轮在第二啮合位处啮合,供油器100还可以对应第二啮合位处输送润滑油;或,当齿轮组210中还包括第三轴承(图中未示)、第四轴承(图中未示)时,供油器100也可以对应第三轴承和第四轴承输送润滑油。也即,齿轮组210其余的存在摩擦力的部位也可以定义为待润滑部位,且齿轮组210的待润滑部位可以涵盖上述存在摩擦升温的部位,但并不仅限于上述部位。在另一些实施例中,齿轮组210中还可以根据实际需求任意设定待润滑部位,并由供油器100对该设定的待润滑部位提供润滑和冷却。
需要提出的是,供油器100对第一轴承215内部、以及第二轴承216内部的润滑,可以从第一轴承定子2151与第一轴承转子2152结合部位的侧面送入润滑油,以及从第二轴承定子2161和第二轴承转子2162结合部位的侧面送入润滑油,以分别实现第一轴承215内部和第二轴承216内部的润滑。在另一些实施例中,供油器100也可以分别向第一轴承215的顶部、以及第二轴承216的顶部送入润滑油,并通过在第一轴承定子2151的顶部开孔(图中未示)、以及在第二轴承定子2152的顶部开孔(图中未示),以实现润滑油向第一轴承转子2152和第二轴承转子2162的渗透,来分别实现对第一轴承215内部和第二轴承216内部的润滑。
本申请供油器100通过密封仓110与输油组件230的连接,可以实现对齿轮组210的主动润滑功能。而供油器100中的集油槽120,则可以实现对齿轮组210的被动润滑功能。请参见图8,在第一齿轮211背离第二齿轮212一侧,第一齿轮211还与箱体的内腔240相互间隔以形成一搅油通道250。具体的,箱体的内腔240包括第一侧壁241和顶壁242。第一侧壁241位于第一齿轮211背离第二齿轮212一侧,且第一侧壁241与第一齿轮211之间相互间隔。顶壁242位于第一侧壁241的上方,且与第一侧壁241相连。顶壁242也与第一齿轮211之间相互间隔。相连的第一侧壁241和顶壁242共同与第一齿轮211间隔形成搅油通道250。
进一步的,第一齿轮211的底部还位于储油池243中,承载于储油池243内的润滑油液面高度高于第一齿轮211的底部,以使得第一齿轮211的底部浸没于润滑油中。第一齿轮211背离第二齿轮212一侧的转动方向,沿第一齿轮211的底部转动至第一齿轮211的顶部。由此,第一齿轮211在工作过程中,可以持续将储油池243中的润滑油带入搅油通道250中。当第一齿轮211的转速达到或超过一定阈值(例如1000转/分)后,第一齿轮211可以搅动润滑油在搅油通道250中运动。
供油器100位于齿轮组210背离储油池243一侧,且供油器100的集油槽120设置于搅油通道250的末端,也即供油器100对应搅油通道250设置,以使得集油槽120正对搅油通道250并收集润滑油。在第一齿轮211的转速超过一定阈值后,第一齿轮211经搅油通道250搅动的润滑油得以落入集油槽120中,再通过连通集油槽120的管路引导润滑油流向下方的齿轮组210,实现对齿轮组210的被动润滑功能。
在图8的实施例中,搅油通道250越过第一齿轮211的顶部,朝向第二齿轮212一侧 延伸。此时供油器100还位于第一齿轮211靠近第二齿轮212的一侧,且供油器100的高度低于第一齿轮211顶部的高度。第一齿轮211背离第二齿轮212一侧的转动方向从第一齿轮211的底部至顶部,则第一齿轮211靠近第二齿轮212一侧的转动方向从顶部至底部。可以理解的,在第一齿轮211背离第二齿轮212的一侧,搅油通道250中润滑油的运动方向从储油池243朝向顶壁242运动;随着第一齿轮211在靠近第二齿轮212一侧的转动方向向下,搅油通道250内润滑油的运动方向从顶壁242朝向储油池243运动。此时供油器100的高度低于第一齿轮211顶部的高度,可以保证集油槽120接收到经搅油通道250送入的润滑油。
在图8的实施例中,顶壁242还包括靠近第一侧壁241的第一端面2421,以及与第一端面2421对置的第二端面2422。可以理解的,在搅油通道250的路径上,润滑油从第一端面2421一侧朝向第二端面2422一侧运动。也即第二端面2422相较于第一端面2421更靠近搅油通道250的末端,或描述为第二端面2422相较于第一端面2421更靠近集油槽120。在一种实施例中,设置第二端面2422沿竖直方向位于第一端面2421的下方,可以进一步对搅油通道250中的润滑油施以引导作用,保证搅油通道250中的润滑油流入集油槽120中。
另一方面,在第一齿轮211的底部浸没于储油池243中润滑油的位置,定义储油池243中润滑油的液面高度与第一齿轮211回转中心的距离h0,小于或等于第一齿轮211的齿根圆A的半径a1。请参见图9的局部示意:在第一齿轮211中,其任两个传动齿2111的齿根部位2111a,均对齐于第一齿轮211的齿根圆A。设置储油池243中润滑油的液面高度与第一齿轮211回转中心的距离h0,小于或等于第一齿轮211的齿根圆A的半径a1,可以保证储油池243中承载的润滑油至少完全浸没位于第一齿轮211底部的传动齿2111,进而保证了第一齿轮211伸入润滑油的深度,可以保证第一齿轮211在转速达到一定阈值后,能够搅动足够的润滑油至供油器100中,并对齿轮组210形成可靠的被动润滑效果。
由此,在本申请变速箱200一侧,供油器100可以接输油组件230提供的润滑油,以及接第一齿轮211通过搅油通道250送入的润滑油,对齿轮组210分别实现主动润滑和被动润滑的功能。本申请汽车动力总成500通过输出转速来驱动汽车行进。而汽车在行进过程中车速会发生变化,相应汽车动力总成500输出的转速也发生变化。汽车动力总成500具有高速转动的工况,以及低速转动的工况,两种工况下发电机300和变速箱200所需的润滑油量存在差异。可以理解的,当汽车动力总成500处于低速转动工况时,其产生的热量相对较低,对润滑油的需求相对较小,此时供油器100可以在输油组件230的配合下,实现对齿轮组210的主动润滑,并满足齿轮组210的工作需求;而当汽车动力总成500处于高速转动工况时,其产生的热量相对较高,对润滑油的需求相对较大,此时转速较高的第一齿轮211可以经搅油通道250将储油池243中的润滑油送入供油器100中,达到被动润滑的效果。
可以理解的,本申请变速箱200的低速转动工况和高速转动工况只是相对于同一变速箱200自身转速的比较,在不同的汽车动力总成500之间,出于电机300功率的差异、以及变速箱200传动比的差异等因素,采用本申请方案的汽车动力总成可以调整变速箱200的被动润滑介入时机和油量,进而满足不同汽车动力总成500的工作需求。例如通过对变 速箱200内储油池243的容量设定、润滑油液面高度设定、以及对第一齿轮211和内腔240之间形成的搅油通道250的宽度设定等方式,对应调整第一齿轮211经搅油通道250送入供油器100中的润滑油油量,或调整第一齿轮211可以实现搅油功能的转速阈值等,都可以达到调整被动润滑的介入时机、以及调整被动润滑油量的效果。
相对应的,对于主动润滑方面,本申请汽车动力总成500也可以通过输油组件230中输油泵232的功率调整,来对应调整主动润滑的润滑油油量,进而满足不同汽车动力总成500的工作需求。可以理解的,在低转速工况下,齿轮组210的转速也存在较高的转速和较低的转速情况,此时输油泵232同样可以调节自身功率,使得供油器100在齿轮组210的低转速下也能对应调整输送的润滑油的油量,从而匹配齿轮组210在低转速工况下的同步润滑需求。而在被动润滑一侧,因为第一齿轮211的转速越快,其搅动并送入集油槽120中的润滑油油量越大,因此本申请变速箱200还具备了被动润滑自适应的能力。即第一齿轮211的转速与齿轮组210接收到的润滑油的油量正相关。
另一方面,采用本申请方案的汽车动力总成500在不同转速的工况下,可以通过对输油泵232的控制,来使得供油器100仅对齿轮组210进行主动润滑,或供油器100仅对齿轮组210进行被动润滑,甚至实现供油器100同时对齿轮组210进行主动润滑和被动润滑的效果,以满足齿轮组210在不同转速下的润滑和冷却需求。在一种实施例中,汽车动力总成500控制电机300的转速在2000转/分之内时,仅控制输油泵232对供油器100输送润滑油,以对齿轮组210进行主动润滑。此时变速箱200输出的转速可以在1000转/分之内;而在电机300的转速等于或高于2000转/分时,第一齿轮211搅动的润滑油可以通过搅油通道250进入到集油槽120中,此时供油器100利用搅油通道250送入的润滑油对齿轮组210进行润滑。而在电机300的转速等于或高于200转时,输油泵232可以继续工作,并持续对齿轮组210提供主动润滑;输油泵232也可以停止工作,供油器100仅对齿轮组210提供被动润滑。
在一些场景下,齿轮组210可能存在另一些部位,其仅需要在变速箱200工作时提供被动润滑或主动润滑,即可满足工作需求。例如,齿轮组210存在一些部位,在变速箱200处于高转速工况或低转速工况下,均只需要提供主动润滑的油量即可满足工作需要;或齿轮组210存在另一些部位,在变速箱200处于低转速工况下无需润滑,而在变速箱200处于高转速工况下提供被动润滑以满足工作需要。对于齿轮组210的上述部位,供油器100还可以对应配置输油路线,以单独满足上述各部位的工作需要。
请参见图10和图11所示的本申请一实施例提供的供油器100的外形图。供油器100包括有集油槽120和密封仓110。集油槽120和密封仓110固定连接,且集油槽120位于密封仓110的上方。密封仓110内部为密封结构,且密封仓110外还设有进油口111和若干喷油管112。进油口111和几路喷油管112均连通至密封仓110的内部密封结构中。进油口111用于与输油组件230的输油管路231连通,输油组件230通过输油管路231将储油池243中的润滑油输送至密封仓110内。而同样连通于密封仓110内的喷油管112则分别朝向背离密封仓110的方向延伸,具体的,每一路喷油管112均朝向齿轮组210的一个待润滑部位延伸。从进油口111送入密封仓110内的润滑油于封闭的密封仓110中形成一定的压力,并通过各路喷油管112从密封仓110内喷出,进而作用于齿轮组210的各个待 润滑部位处,达到向待润滑部位输送润滑油的目的。可以理解的,喷油管112的数量可以对应齿轮组210中的待润滑部位的数量匹配设置,即每路喷油管112对应朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸,进而达到对齿轮组210各个待润滑部位全面进行主动润滑的效果。
集油槽120则包括底板121和侧板122,其中底板121与密封仓110固定连接,侧板122围设于底板121的周缘,从而在底板121的上方形成一上部开口123。该上部开口123即为集油槽120的开口,从搅油通道250输送的润滑油通过上部开口123进入集油槽120内。集油槽120也连通有输油槽124,且供油器100中输油槽124数量与喷油管112的数量相同。各路输油槽124同样分别朝向背离集油槽120的方向延伸,且每一路输油槽124分别朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸,以将集油槽120内收集到的润滑油输送至齿轮组210的各个待润滑部位处。
可以理解的,由于每一路喷油管112分别朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸,每一路输油槽124也分别朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸,可以设置每一路输油槽124均平行于一路喷油管112延伸,以作用于齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位处。也即在本申请供油器100中,每一路喷油管112和其对应的一路输油槽124设置为一组,该同组的喷油管112和输油槽124同向延伸,并作用于齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位,用以输送润滑油。其中供油器100通过密封仓110进行主动润滑时,从密封仓110延伸至该待润滑部位的喷油管112可输送由输油组件230输送的润滑油;当供油器100通过集油槽120进行被动润滑时,从集油槽120延伸至该待润滑部位的输油槽124可以输送由第一齿轮211输送的润滑油。由此,本申请供油器100通过多组喷油管112和输油槽124的设置,可以对齿轮组210的每一个待润滑部位提供润滑油,且对每一个待润滑部位都实现了主动润滑搭配被动润滑的效果,保证齿轮组210在高转速工况和低转速工况下都能得到可靠的润滑保障,进而提升齿轮组210的传动效率和可靠性,延长齿轮组210的使用寿命。
请参见图12的示意,在一种实施例中,喷油管112包括有侧向喷油管1121。侧向喷油管1121沿水平方向背离密封仓110延伸;输油槽124则包括有侧向输油槽1241,侧向输油槽1241也沿水平方向背离输油槽222延伸。一路侧向输油槽1241平行于一路侧向喷油管1121延伸,且因为集油槽120位于密封仓110的上方,侧向输油槽1241也同步位于侧向喷油管1121的上方,二者相互平行的朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸。
在本实施例中,供油器100的体积较小,齿轮组210的体积相对较大,因此体积较小的供油器100设置于齿轮组210背离储油池243一侧时,齿轮组210的部分待润滑部位可能位于集油槽120和密封仓110的侧方向位置。设置沿水平方向延伸的侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241,可以实现供油器100对部分位于侧方向位置的待润滑部位的润滑作用。
侧向输油槽1241与集油槽120的侧板122连通。请参见图13的示意,侧板122上开设有缺口1225,侧向输油槽1241包括槽底1242和槽壁1243。侧向输油槽1241的槽底1242与集油槽120的底板121连接,并沿水平方向朝向齿轮组210的一个待供油部位延伸。侧向输油槽1241的槽壁1243的数量为两个,两个槽壁1243分列槽底1242的两侧,且两个槽壁1243均位于槽底1242的上方。两个槽壁1243分别与缺口1225相对两侧的侧板122连接,两个槽壁1243还随槽底1242同步朝待供油部位延伸,两个槽壁1243与槽底1242 共同作用,以将集油槽120从缺口1225流出的润滑油引流至待供油部位处,并从输油槽124背离集油槽120的一端流下,实现对待供油部位的润滑。进一步的,槽底1242包括靠近缺口1225一侧的第一端1242a,以及远离集油槽120一侧的第二端1242b。在竖直方向上,第二端1242b位于第一端1242a的下方,或与第一端1242a齐平设置。由此,输油槽124在朝向待润滑部位延伸的过程中,其槽底1242呈倾斜向下或水平的方向朝待润滑部位延伸,进而保证输油槽124中润滑油的流动方向,使得输油槽124中的润滑油可以在重力作用下从第一端1242a一侧顺利流向第二端1242b一侧。
可以理解的,位于侧向输油槽1241下方的侧向喷油管1121也可以随侧向输油槽1241同步倾斜设置,即侧向喷油管1121背离密封仓110一端,在竖直方向上位于侧向喷油管1121靠近密封仓110一端的下方,或二者齐平设置。也可以保证侧向喷油管1121中的润滑油朝向待润滑部位流动。
在一种实施例中,当集油槽120连通有多路侧向输油槽1241时,侧板122上需要开始多个缺口1225。多路侧向输油槽1241的数量与多个缺口1225的数量相同,且每路侧向输油槽1241对应一个缺口1225固定,并通过该缺口1225连通至集油槽120。在一种实施例中,多路侧向输油槽1241的槽底1242各自具有其对应的第一端1242a。此时,宜设置多个第一端1242a沿水平方向齐平设置,以使得集油槽120内的润滑油能够均匀的分流至各路侧向输油槽1241中,并对齿轮组210的多个待润滑部位均匀的提供润滑油。
请参见图14示意的一组相互平行的侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241的剖面结构图。在图14的实施例中,侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241均沿第一水平方向001延伸。在第一水平方向001上,侧向喷油管1121的延伸长度短于侧向输油槽1241的延伸长度。在本实施例中,侧向喷油管1121因为连通于密封仓110中,而密封仓110在输油组件230的作用下,其内部润滑油具有一定的压力,因此从侧向喷油管1121流出的润滑油在压力作用下具备一定的初速度。该初速度的方向平行于第一水平方向001。而集油槽120因为设置了上部开口123,在集油槽120中的润滑油仅在重力作用经侧向输油槽1241流动至待润滑部位处,因此从侧向输油槽1241流出的润滑油在第一水平方向001上的初速度相对较小。为了保证从侧向喷油管1121输出的具有较大初速度的润滑油能作用到待润滑部位处,并同时保证从侧向输油槽1241输出的具有较小初速度的润滑油也能作用到待润滑部位处,适当缩短侧向喷油管1121沿第一水平方向001的延伸长度,可以保证侧向喷油管1121输出的润滑油的落点,与侧向输油槽1241输出的润滑油的落点重合,均能准确作用到待润滑部位处。
需要提出的是,在图14的示意中,侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241均沿第一水平方向001延伸。而在其余实施例中,侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241的延伸方向也可以为第一水平方向001之外的其余延伸方向,或侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241的路径先后沿两个或两个以上的不同方向延伸,此时可以定义在侧向喷油管1121在距离密封仓110最远端的延伸结构的长度,相较于侧向输油槽1241距离集油槽120最远端的延伸结构的长度更短,以达到上述的保证侧向喷油管1121输出的润滑油落点,与侧向输油槽1241输出的润滑油落点重合的效果。
另一种实施例请参见图15,在本实施例中,侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241也均 沿第一水平方向001延伸。但与图14实施例不同在于,在本实施例中,侧向喷油管1121的延伸长度超出侧向输油槽1241的延伸长度。具体的,在图15的示意中,侧向喷油管1121具有超出侧向输油槽1241延伸长度的延伸段1122,延伸段1122的顶部设有敞开的开口1123。侧向输油槽1241输送的润滑油可以通过该敞开的开口1123流入延伸段1122中,并继续沿延伸段1122流动至待润滑部位。
在本实施例中,因为同一组侧向喷油管1121和侧向输油槽1241的延伸方向相同,且侧向喷油管1121位于侧向输油槽1241的上方,因此利用在侧向喷油管1121的上部设置敞开的开口1123,可以使得侧向输油槽1241中的润滑油顺开口1123流入延伸段1122中,再通过延伸段1122朝向待润滑部位的延伸,将侧向输油槽1241中的润滑油输送至待润滑部位。也即,本实施例通过侧向喷油管1121中延伸段1122的设置,使得侧向输油槽1241中的润滑油提前汇入侧向喷油管1121中,再利用侧向喷油管1121的延伸段1122实现润滑油的输送。
可以理解的,在本实施例中,侧向喷油管1121的延伸段1122用于同时实现主动润滑和被动润滑时的润滑油输送功能。本实施例也由此缩短了侧向输油槽1241的长度,简化了供油器100的结构,并缩减了供油器100的整体体积。
一种实施例请参见图16喷油管112还包括有竖向喷油管1124(还可以同步参见图11和图12)。竖向喷油管1124沿竖直方向背离密封仓110延伸;输油槽124则包括有竖向输油槽1244,竖向输油槽1244也沿竖直方向背离输油槽222延伸。一路竖向输油槽1244平行于一路竖向喷油管1124延伸,且因为集油槽120位于密封仓110的上方,竖向输油槽1244位于竖向喷油管1124的一侧边,二者相互平行的朝向齿轮组210中的一个待润滑部位延伸。
在本实施例中,供油器100可以通过竖向喷油管1124和竖向输油槽1244,向位于供油器100下方的待润滑部位输送润滑油。供油器100设置于齿轮组210背离储油池243一侧时,齿轮组210的部分待润滑部位还可能位于集油槽120和密封仓110的下方。设置沿竖直方向延伸的竖向喷油管1124和侧向输油槽1241,可以实现供油器100对部分位于下方位置的待润滑部位的润滑。
在一种实施例中,如图16的示意中,竖向喷油管1124构造为开设于密封仓110底部的开孔,竖向输油槽1244则构造为贯穿密封仓的通槽。同时,竖向输油槽1244还连通至集油槽120的底板121。即集油槽120的底板121连通有一通槽结构的竖向输油槽1244,该竖向输油槽1244的通槽结构贯穿密封仓110,以使得集油槽120中的润滑油可以经通槽结构的竖向输油槽1244向下方流动,并穿过密封仓110流至其对应的带润滑部位。
需要提出的是,对于本申请供油器100,集油槽120与密封仓110可以如图10-图13所示,构造为相互独立的两个组件,并相互连接固定以形成供油器100。在另一些实施例中,集油槽120与密封仓110还可以如图16所示,设置为一体结构。此时集油槽120的底板121可以用于形成密封仓110的顶部结构,集油槽120的侧板122也可以向底板121的下方延伸,以形成密封仓110的侧边结构。一体设置的集油槽120和密封仓110可以缩小供油器100的总体体积,进而适应变速箱200的小型化。
一种实施例,对应到齿轮组210可能存在一些部位,仅需要对其提供被动润滑或主动 润滑时,供油器100还可以设置独立于输油槽124或喷油管112之外的辅助输油槽(图中未示)和辅助喷油管(图中未示),来对上述部位单独提供润滑油。例如,在变速箱200处于高转速工况或低转速工况下,均只需要提供主动润滑的油量即可满足工作需要的部位,供油器100可以设置连通于密封仓110的辅助喷油管,辅助喷油管朝向该只需主动润滑的部位延伸,以对该部位仅提供主动润滑;或在变速箱200处于低转速工况下无需润滑,而在变速箱200处于高转速工况下提供被动润滑以满足工作需要的部位,供油器100可以设置连通于集油槽120的辅助输油槽,辅助输油槽朝向该只需被动润滑的部位延伸,以对该部位提供被动润滑。辅助输油槽和辅助喷油管分别独立于输油槽124和喷油管112设置,进一步扩展了本申请供油器100的适用范围。
一种实施例请参见图17,侧板122包括靠近第一齿轮211的第一侧板1221,以及与第一侧板1221对置的第二侧板1222。第一侧板1221相对于底板121具有第一高度h1,第二侧板1222相对于底板121具有第二高度h2,且第二高度h2高于第一高度h1。可以理解的,因为第一侧板1221相对于第二侧板1222更靠近第一齿轮211,因此在齿轮组210转动时,第一齿轮211搅动润滑油从搅油通道250送入集油槽120时,是从上部开口123靠近第一侧板1221的一侧送入集油槽120。设置第一侧板1221的高度相对较低,可以保证润滑油顺利越过第一侧板1221进入到集油槽120中。而设置第二侧板1222的高度相对较高,可以在远离第一齿轮211的位置拦截更多的润滑油,使其落入集油槽120中,进而保证集油槽120中的润滑油油量满足齿轮组210的工作需求。
需要提出的是,第一侧板1221相对于底板121的高度,以及第二侧板1222相对于底板121的高度,均是相对于同一水平面上的底板121作为参照。也即第一侧板1221和第二侧板1222的高度可以理解为竖直方向上的绝对高度,该绝对高度的参照起点为底板121所在的水平面。由此在一些实施例中,底板121可能被设置为倾斜或阶梯状的结构时,也能保证第二侧板1222的高度相较于第一侧板1221的高度更高,达到更好的润滑油收集效果。
一种实施例请参见图18,侧板122同样包括靠近第一齿轮211的第一侧板1221,以及与第一侧板1221对置的第二侧板1222。同时,侧板122还包括位于第一侧板1221和第二侧板1222之间的第三侧板1223。第三侧板1223凸设于底板121上,且第三侧板1223相对于底板121具有第三高度h3,且第三高度h3也高于第一高度h1。在本实施例中,通过设置第三侧板1223来拦截第一齿轮211送入的润滑油,也可以保证集油槽120中的润滑油油量满足齿轮组210的工作需求。可以理解的,在本实施例中,第三侧板1223相对于底板121的高度,也与第一侧板1221相对于底板121的高度采用同一水平面作为参照。也即第三侧板1223的第三高度h3和第一侧板1221的第一高度h1同样可以理解为竖直方向上的绝对高度。
一种实施例请参见图19,底板121包括相对的第一侧1211和第二侧1212。其中第一侧1211位于靠近第一齿轮211的位置,第二侧1212位于相对远离第一齿轮211的位置。且第二侧1212沿竖直方向与第一侧1211齐平,或高于第一侧1211。也即,集油槽120以相对倾斜的姿态固定于箱体内,且倾斜的集油槽120靠近第一齿轮211的一侧相对更低。与上述图17和图18的实施例类似,在本申请实施例中,齿轮组210转动时,第一齿轮211搅动的润滑油从上部开口123靠近第一侧1211的方向送入集油槽120中,当第二侧1212 沿竖直方向位于第一侧1211的上方,或与第一侧1211齐平时,第一齿轮211搅动的润滑油得以更多的落入集油槽120中,进而保证集油槽120中的润滑油油量满足齿轮组210的工作需求,达到更好的润滑效果。
可以理解的,底板121可以如图19所示,构造为平面的板状结构,此时底板121需要倾斜设置,以使得第一侧1211低于第二侧1212,以实现更多润滑油的收集;底板121还可以如图18所示,由相互固定连接的第一板体1213和第二板体1214组成。其中第一侧1211形成于第一板体1213远离第二板体1214一侧,第二侧1212形成于第二板体1214远离第一板体1213一侧。第一板体1213呈水平姿态固定于箱体中,以使得集油槽120内的润滑油能相对均匀的流至各路侧向输油槽1241中;第二板体1214则相对于第一板体1213倾斜设置,用以抬高第二侧1212,实现更多润滑油的收集效果。
一种实施例请参见图20,底板121上还设有多块导油板125(还可以同步参见图14和图10),多块导油板125相互间隔的凸设于底板121上,多块导油板125将集油槽120的内部空间划分为多个集油区126。其中部分集油区126还分别连通于侧板122的不同部位,且侧板122在与每个集油区126连接的位置处,分别对应每个集油区具有一个缺口1225;其余的集油区126则分别连通于底板121上不同的竖向输油槽1244。为了便于表述,图20中仅对部分集油区126进行是示意,实际图20中的集油区126数量更多,且每路输油槽124分别连通有一个集油区126。
前文中提到,侧板122的每个缺口1225均连通有一个侧向输油槽1241,因此连通至侧板122的部分集油区126实际也分别连通了一个侧向输油槽1241,而其余集油区126连通至竖向输油槽1244。由此导油板125划分出的每一个集油区126分别连通一路输油槽124,也即每一路输油槽124均用于将一个集油区126内的润滑油输送至其对应的待供油部位处。
可以理解的,通过调整导油板125之间的间隔距离,可以调整各个集油区126的面积大小,而在集油槽120内的润滑油液面高度趋于一致的前提下,面积更大的集油区126所承载的润滑油油量更大,连通于该集油区126的输油槽124所输送的润滑油流量也相应增大。在齿轮组210工作的过程中,各个待润滑部位所需的润滑油的油量可能承载差异。在部分齿轮啮合面积更大的待润滑部位,可能需要更多的润滑油进行润滑。由此,利用导油板125对集油槽120的内部空间进行划分,形成大小不同的集油区126,可以针对各个待润滑部位的需求分配润滑油,进一步提升供油器100对齿轮组210的润滑效果。
一种可能的实施例,多块导油板125均设有平直段1251,且多块导油板125的平直段1251均延伸至底板121靠近第二侧1212处,且多个平直段1251相互平行且间隔固定。多个导油板125的平直段1251在第二侧1212处相互平行且间隔的固定,可以在底板121的第二侧1212位置形成多个引导润滑油流动的通道。可以理解的,每个通道均连通至一个集油区126中,即多个相互平行且间隔固定的平直段1251在第二侧1212处对润滑油实现了导流,并使得从该侧进入集油槽120的润滑油能够被引流至各个集油区126中。
前文中提到,第一齿轮211经搅油通道250送入集油槽120的润滑油,需要越过第一侧1211处的侧板122,再落入集油槽120中。因此,集油槽120收集到的润滑油,多从靠近第二侧1212的位置进入到集油槽120中。对各个导油板125设置平直段1251,并使得 各个平直段1251延伸至靠近第二侧1212的位置,有利于在大部分润滑油进入到集油槽120的时候即对润滑油实现分流,并将分流后的润滑油引导至各个集油区126中。可以理解的,通过调整第二侧1212处各个平直段1251之间的间隔距离,也可以对应调整到各个通道的分流面积,从而对于第二侧1212进入到集油槽120内的润滑油实现了油量的分配,也可以满足齿轮组210各个待润滑部位不同的润滑油油量需求。
需要提出的是,在部分实施例中,平直段1251还可以朝向第二侧板1222或第三侧板1223延伸,并在第二侧板1222靠近第一齿轮211一侧,或第三侧板1223靠近第一齿轮211一侧也形成分油的通道(参见图18),以在第一侧板1221或第三侧板1223拦截润滑油的同时,实现对润滑油油量的分配效果。这样的实施例可以进一步的加强导油板125对润滑油在集油槽120中的流动引导,并保证各个集油区126中所收集到的润滑油满足其对应的待润滑部位的工作需求。
以上描述,仅为本申请的具体实施例,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,例如减少或添加结构件,改变结构件的形状等,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内;在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。因此,本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种变速箱,其特征在于,包括具有内腔的箱体,以及收容于所述箱体内的齿轮组和供油器;
    所述内腔底部设有承载润滑油的储油池;
    所述供油器固定于所述齿轮组背离所述储油池一侧,所述供油器包括固定连接的密封仓和集油槽,所述集油槽位于所述密封仓的上方;
    所述密封仓设有进油口以及至少一路喷油管,所述至少一路喷油管朝向不同的方向延伸;所述密封仓用于接收从所述进油口送入的所述储油池中的润滑油,并经所述至少一路喷油管朝向所述齿轮组的至少一个待润滑部位喷射润滑油;
    所述集油槽具有上部开口,所述集油槽用于在所述齿轮组转动时,通过所述上部开口接收所述齿轮组搅动送入的所述储油池中的润滑油,所述集油槽还设有至少一路输油槽,所述输油槽的数量与所述喷油管的数量相同,任一路所述输油槽均对应于其中一路所述喷油管设置,用于与对应的所述喷油管润滑同一所述待润滑部位。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述齿轮组包括相互啮合的第一齿轮和第二齿轮,且所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮分别与所述箱体转动连接;
    所述第一齿轮的底部位于所述储油池内并浸没于润滑油中,所述第一齿轮背离所述第二齿轮一侧由下至上转动,并与所述箱体的内壁相互间隔以形成搅油通道,所述第一齿轮转动时,可带动所述储油池中的润滑油经所述搅油通道进入所述集油槽。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述供油器设置于所述第一齿轮靠近所述第二齿轮一侧,所述箱体的所述内壁包括第一侧壁和顶壁,所述第一侧壁位于所述第一齿轮背离所述第二齿轮一侧,所述顶壁位于所述第一侧壁之上,所述第一侧壁和所述顶壁共同与第一齿轮形成搅油通道。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述储油池中润滑油的液面高度与所述第一齿轮回转中心的距离,小于或等于所述第一齿轮的齿根圆半径。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱还包括输油组件,所述输油组件包括输油管路和输油泵,所述输油管路的一端连通至所述供油器的所述进油口,另一端连通至所述储油池,所述输油泵用于将所述储油池中的润滑油通过所述输油管路泵入所述密封仓。
  6. 如权利要求2-5任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮在第一啮合位处相互啮合,所述至少一个待润滑部位包括所述第一啮合位。
  7. 如权利要求2-6任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述齿轮组还包括第一齿轮轴、第二齿轮轴、第一轴承和第二轴承,所述第一齿轮轴与所述第一齿轮固定连接,所述第二齿轮轴与所述第二齿轮固定连接,所述第一轴承用于实现所述第一齿轮轴与所述箱体的转动连接,所述第二轴承用于实现所述第二齿轮轴与所述箱体的转动连接,所述待润滑部位还包括所述第一轴承的位置和所述第二轴承的位置。
  8. 如权利要求2-7任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述侧板包括靠近所述第一齿轮的第一侧板,以及与所述第一侧板相对置的第二侧板,所述第一侧板距离所述底板具有 第一高度,所述第二侧板距离所述底板具有第二高度,且所述第一高度低于所述第二高度。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述至少一路喷油管包括侧向喷油管,所述侧向喷油管沿水平方向且沿背离所述密封仓的方向延伸;
    所述至少一路输油槽包括侧向输油槽,所述侧板上开设有连通所述侧向输油槽的缺口,所述侧向输油槽的延伸方向与对应的所述侧向喷油管的延伸方向相同,并位于对应的所述侧向喷油管的上方。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述至少一路喷油管包括竖向喷油管,所述竖向喷油管沿竖直方向向背离所述密封仓的方向延伸;
    所述至少一路输油槽包括竖向输油槽,所述竖向输油槽与所述集油槽的所述底板固定连接,且构造为贯穿所述密封仓的通槽,所述竖向输油槽的延伸方向与对应的所述竖向喷油管的延伸方向相同,并位于对应的所述竖向喷油管的一侧。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述至少一路输油槽的数量为多路,所述底板上还设有至少一块导油板,所述至少一块导油板将所述集油槽的内部空间划分为至少两个集油区,所述集油区的数量与所述输油槽的数量相同,且每一路所述输油槽连通一个所述集油区。
  12. 一种汽车动力总成,其特征在于,包括电机和如权利要求1-11任一项所述的变速箱,所述电机与所述变速箱固定连接,且所述电机用于驱动所述变速箱中的所述齿轮组转动。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的汽车动力总成,其特征在于,所述汽车动力总成还设有冷却系统,所述冷却系统用于将所述储油池中的润滑油输送至所述电机中,以对所述电机进行冷却降温。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的汽车动力总成,其特征在于,所述冷却系统包括进油管、回油管和换热器,所述进油管和所述回油管均连通于所述储油池和所述电机之间,润滑油从所述进油管流入所述电机中完成冷却降温后,经所述回油管流回所述储油池中;
    所述换热器串联于所述进油管或所述回油管上,用于对润滑油冷却降温。
  15. 一种汽车,其特征在于,所述汽车包括车轮和如权利要求12-14任一项所述汽车动力总成,所述汽车动力总成用于驱动所述车轮转动。
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