WO2022107903A1 - Navire pour éliminer des algues de quatre rivières majeures et des fuites d'huile provoquées par un accident maritime ou le naufrage d'un bateau - Google Patents

Navire pour éliminer des algues de quatre rivières majeures et des fuites d'huile provoquées par un accident maritime ou le naufrage d'un bateau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022107903A1
WO2022107903A1 PCT/KR2020/016211 KR2020016211W WO2022107903A1 WO 2022107903 A1 WO2022107903 A1 WO 2022107903A1 KR 2020016211 W KR2020016211 W KR 2020016211W WO 2022107903 A1 WO2022107903 A1 WO 2022107903A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
water
suction case
separation tank
tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2020/016211
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
남은태
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남은태
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 남은태 filed Critical 남은태
Priority to PCT/KR2020/016211 priority Critical patent/WO2022107903A1/fr
Publication of WO2022107903A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022107903A1/fr

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/32Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • the algae tank moved by barge separates the algae from the water in the sludge separation machine plant near the riverside that separates the algae (sludge) and water, and mixes the completely dried algae with fertilizer through the heat drying room to be reborn as fertilizer or compost It is expected to reduce the cost of disposal and damage caused by the stench as well as the requirements of Articles 2 and 3 of 1 seat to return to.
  • the role of the separation tank uses the property that the green algae or oil float on water.
  • the principle of this technology is that water flows into the lower part of the tank and is discharged through the drain on the opposite side, so that water is always at the same height in the tank.
  • the technology to fold the absorption tube case in the stern direction and fix it in the case of the sea is to build and build a speedboat that can quickly dispatch to the spill site, fold it with the stern shell plate in turn to prevent obstruction of the cruising speed. It is a technology that allows quick work by unfolding each and fixing it to a reinforcing bar, so it must be ready to be dispatched to the hull in case of an emergency like a firefighting facility.
  • Green algae and red algae in the sea are caused by global warming and are caused by pollutants in the water.
  • the Pacific oil spill is a disaster and the movie (Timworth Horizon) warns of real danger.
  • the number and size of oil extraction vessels are proportional to the amount of oil spillage, and a system that can wait for departure in case of emergency should be selected by the International Disaster Organization. We must be reborn as a clean country.
  • FIG. 1 shows the hull, which is an overall view of a collecting vessel for collecting algae and oil
  • Figure 2 shows the pipe section on the deck and the coaming seat and the make-up water tank inside the hull
  • FIG. 3 is a structural drawing of the pump motor and giving buoyancy to the algae or oil with a pipe and fan blades that separate the bell mouse for sucking the algae and oil, and the discharge and drainage of water.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view showing that a hydraulic device is installed and the role of helping the cruise speed is important with the suction pipe and the rubber tube and net with free height adjustment, the suction power effect of the motor blade and air injection, and the effect of moving to the outer plate by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. It is also
  • Figure 5 is a rear view of the bar of Figure 4, a view of the saw blade for rotation and the microfiber mat.
  • Figure 6 is a view showing the side and the front moving according to the water level by releasing the hydraulic pressure, the inlet and outlet of water by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pipe and the cylinder installed on the upper part of the hull shell is shown.
  • Figure 7 shows a pipe that sprays air (air) into the water to float waste and sediment on the water, a rubber hose engages the pipe to prevent obstruction of reefs and obstacles, and blocks large trees or obstacles floating on the water. .
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of a hydraulic pipe holding the air injection pipe, the height of which can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic pressure, and before and after field work, the pipe goes out of the water when cruising.
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the suction motor impeller, preventing the dismantling of the blade when the suction motor rotates, holding the blade by remodeling the circular piece entering the impeller shaft, and applying the primary and secondary mixing steps, the technology of the blade of the impeller shaft Additional elements appear in the drawing.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the suction case port and starboard, a view of a bolt nut bending the net and holding the net.
  • 11 is a view of the bottom of the deck on which the tank for moving is seated, which is a drawing of a piece in the coaming that fixes the tank, a technique applied to the sway and waves of the ship, and also applies to the deck of a barge.
  • the separation tank 10 separates algae or oil from water
  • the left and right side discharge pipes 11 are pipes for discharging green algae or oil, which are discharged to the left and right sides, and the bow discharge pipe 12 is in the bow direction
  • the three-hole discharge pipe 13 is the last pipe of the separation tank discharged from the all-lift pump, and the piping diagram in the separation tank reduces the pressure with a three-hole discharge that reduces the discharge pressure.
  • the air intake pipe 14 is a pipe for sucking air as shown in the figure when algae or oil is discharged, and the coaming bottom 15 is a groove for the tank for movement.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a combing (OUT) piece.
  • Reference numeral 17 designates the central piston shaft of the suction pipe case hydraulic pipe.
  • Reference numeral 18 denotes a hull wheel house.
  • the mobile tank 19 includes both tanks used in rivers and oceans, and the tanks used in the river and the tanks used in the ocean have the same standard, but each use is separated. For example, in the ocean, the size of a used vessel or the size of a tank may be expanded due to the expansion of the outflow range.
  • the pipe 20 for exclusive use of the outer plate outlet is a discharge pipe of the separation tank 10 and is discharged to the outer plate outlet 34 of the outer plate pipe.
  • Reference numeral 21 refers to a pipe 21 dedicated to the depth of the water floor.
  • the entire U-shaped pipe 22 blocks underwater obstacles (eg, large trees, styropoles, etc.).
  • the reinforcing hydraulic pipe 23 is a hydraulic pipe and is fixed to the floor hydraulic pump and serves as a reinforcing bar. get rid of
  • the outer plate hydraulic pipe 24 hydraulically adjusts the suction case 58 to be fixed to the stern outer plate, and hydraulically adjusts the piston central shaft 17 to get out of the water.
  • This outer plate hydraulic pipe 24 has the same technical characteristics as the reinforced hydraulic pipe 23 and is a method of suppressing cruise speed disturbance.
  • the suction pump impeller 25 is a suction pump (full lift type) and is assembled at the end of the impeller shaft as shown in the drawing to primarily crush tree branch contaminants.
  • the make-up water discharge pipe 26 is the primary purified water in the separation tank 10 and flows into the bottom tank and the balance tank.
  • the fore deck pipe 27 is a bow intake case deck pipe and there is no moving hydraulic pipe of the type applied to the outer plate hydraulic pipe 24 .
  • Left and starboard deck piping 28 is a suction case deck piping, and the drawings of the left and starboard are the same.
  • Reference numeral 29 denotes a tank inlet for movement. There are also 5 pipe outlets for the separation tank in the 5 tanks placed on the deck, and simultaneous loading is possible through the tank inlet 29 for movement.
  • the tank lug 30 for movement is a lug of the tank for movement and is installed on four surfaces of the tank for movement, and shackle work on the four surfaces is important during movement.
  • Reference numeral 31 denotes a full-lift motor pump, a mixing blade 84 is added thereto, and the second crushing of the impeller after the primary crushing blocks blockage of the pipe.
  • Offshore rigs use gear pumps, and at least some of the gear pumps are all-head motor pumps, which are dedicated to oil.
  • Reference number 32 is the ship's cabin, and the engine room and fresh water tank engine room are the same as those of a normal ship.
  • Green algae or oil of the bow, left, and starboard piping is sucked into the motor pump 31 through the double-sided piping 33 .
  • the double-sided pipe 33 is a double-sided type, and in order to minimize the prevention of cavitation due to inflow of air during suction, the diameter of the pipe 33 should be large.
  • the outer plate outlet 34 is an outer plate topside outlet, and is discharged from the dedicated pipe 20 for the outer plate outlet.
  • the make-up water tank 35 is installed inside the hull and the amount of water is 6 tons.
  • the make-up water tank 35 serves to replenish as much as the discharge of ballast water, and the make-up water dedicated pipe 73 measures the amount of water and drains it, and the remaining water in the separation tank 10 is discharged through the outer plate outlet pipe 20 and rotate it repeatedly.
  • the outer plate rubber parking pipe 36 is an outer plate pipe connected to the deck, connected to the suction case pipe, and a rubber parking for blocking air is constructed at the pipe inlet.
  • a hydraulic tube, a rubber (air) air hose, and an electric wire are connected to the suction case central pipe 37 .
  • the suction case central pipe 37 is coupled to the outer plate pipe 36 .
  • the moving pipe connecting rod 38 is a moving reinforcing connecting rod 39 and the entire suction case pipe moves to the stern by the action of the piston hydraulic shaft 39 .
  • the piston hydraulic shaft 39 holds the pipe position.
  • the fixing screw 40 for hydraulic rotation of the outer plate is a rotation method of the bolt-nut assembly of the reinforcing bar and the hydraulic shaft 39 .
  • the outer plate hydraulic tube 41 has a hydraulic pump installed on the deck.
  • the suction case reinforcement pipe 42 is a pipe for preventing rotation of the suction case, and the hydraulic operation moves together only by the operation of the central pipe and moves together on the water when the hydraulic pressure is released.
  • suction role of the suction case reinforcement pipe 42 is also the same.
  • the reinforcing pipe piston shaft 43 is a rotation-preventing reinforcing bar piston shaft, and is the same as the description of the suction case reinforcing pipe 42 .
  • suction case hydraulic tube 44 refers to the description of the suction case reinforcement pipe 42 .
  • the motor wiring 45 is a waterproof motor inside (suction case) and cuts off the power when not working.
  • the direction in which the microfiber mat 46 rotates and the inclination of the mat serves to collect floating matter or slugs.
  • the motor rotary saw 47 is installed on the suction port side and cuts tree branches or pollutants to help the suction.
  • the motor 48 of the rotary knife (saw) is a motor of the rotary knife and is installed for waterproofing.
  • the motor reinforcing bar 49 is a rotating blade reinforcing bar and manufactured to be installed into the case.
  • the suction case tube 50 is a suction case underwater tube, and the water depth can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the tube and shaking the ship or the waves of the sea.
  • the suction case pipe reinforcing bar 51 is a reinforcing bar of the suction pipe, and the force that holds the reinforcing bar 51 during the water surface operation of the sampling line prevents shaking or separation of the suction pipe.
  • the pipe rotation fixing screw 52 can be rotated and moved by bolt assembly when the pipe is moved.
  • the pipe rotation fixing piece 53 is a piece fixed with a bolt and a nut coupling the outer plate pipe and the suction pipe.
  • the pipe detachment piece 54 is shown in the same drawing as the fixing piece 53 for pipe rotation, but the pipe can be moved by loosening the outer plate pipe side bolt, and the case pipe outer plate reinforcement bar 92 is free to rotate.
  • the rotation of the microfiber mat (46) shakes the suction pipe mesh (55), collects algae or oil into the suction port, and lets water out through the mesh (55).
  • the suction case suction port 56 is a primary suction port for algae or oil, and it is fixed to the water surface where air is not sucked, sucks in the water surface, and prevents cavitation of the suction motor as much as possible.
  • the pipe rotation fixing screw 57 fixes the piston shaft and the bolt nut so as to be able to rotate.
  • Reference numeral 58 denotes the entire suction case.
  • the air pipe 59 is a compressed air pipe for underwater injection, and when exchanging a rubber hose, the hydraulic pressure is adjusted to increase the height to expedite the exchange of the hose.
  • the obstacle blocking pipe 60 is a U-shaped air pipe that blocks obstacles and prevents large trees or vinyl contaminants floating in the water that interfere with the extraction, and the U-shaped pipe 60 creates buoyancy in the water to prevent algae or oil. to stay on the water for a long time.
  • the deck coaming 61 is a coaming welded to the tank deck for movement and is manufactured to meet the tank standard.
  • the hydraulic tube 62 is a reinforcement support pipe and hydraulic tube, and adjusts the height of up and down, and raises the height by hydraulic operation when exchanging a rubber hose or when cruising.
  • the coaming (IN) piece groove 63 is a coaming inside piece zip, and the piece enters the piece groove when the tank is introduced.
  • the hydraulic pump 64 is a hydraulic pump fixed to the floor and gives strength to the reinforcement pipe.
  • U-shaped air (air) outlet 65 is installed in a U-shape is that it serves two roles: lifting the sediment that gave buoyancy from the primary rubber hose iron rod in the water and making it float on the water surface, and the rubber hose iron rod in the drawing (68) rotates when air (air) is sprayed in the role of a rotary tooth cone, and when air is sprayed, it rotates together with the blade.
  • the role of the rubber hose 66 connected to the pipe horn is to maintain verticality in the water under the weight of the iron rod 68, and work can be continued even if it collides with a reef or an obstacle, and the aquatic group area adjusts the height with underwater camera shooting, work
  • the pipe coupling horn 67 is a horn connected to the rubber hose 66 and is coupled to the pipe horn 69 .
  • the rubber hose iron rod 68 digs into the soil in the water surface, floats the sediment by the rotation of the iron rod 68, and the rotation of the iron rod 68 and the blade decomposes the pollutants deep into the soil.
  • the pipe horn 69 is a pipe outlet horn. See drawing of pipe mating horn (67).
  • the deck pipe horn 70 is coupled with the compressor air hose.
  • the fan-type blade 71 is a rotating blade for the separation tank, and the rotation of the fan-type blade 71 causes the green algae or oil pollutants floating in the water in the tank to float on the water, and through the separation tank water drain pipe 83, the outer plate outlet Only purified water is discharged through a dedicated pipe (20) and a dedicated pipe (73) for make-up water.
  • the rotor blade motor 72 is a separate tank rotor blade motor and controls the appropriate speed of the rotor blades of algae, sediment, oil, and pollutants in the water.
  • the make-up water dedicated pipe 73 is a pipe that goes to the make-up water and is discharged only through the outer plate outlet pipe 20 when the make-up water is full.
  • the piping piston shaft 74 is a bow air (air) piping piston shaft and serves as a reinforcing bar.
  • the mesh 75 selects a width of the mesh hole that does not impede the drainage of water.
  • the circular piece 76 is a circular piece in which the mixing blade 84 enters the impeller shaft and is used to prevent bolting.
  • the air inlet 77 is a suction case rubber tube, and is an air inlet for controlling the sucked air (air).
  • the pressure of the air should be adjusted in proportion to the weight of the case.
  • the bow suction case pipe 78 is a pipe fixed to the bow suction case shell and is connected to the deck bow pipe.
  • the pressing piece 79 is a pressing piece in the tank coaming (IN) side coaming (IN) piece groove 63 for moving the deck, and when the moving tank goes straight into the coaming, the piece goes into the groove (OUT) and the grooved piece goes into the groove at the same time. Secure the tank with the coaming.
  • the piece reinforcement horizontal frame 80 supports the bottom of the tank as an auxiliary horizontal frame and maintains the level.
  • the piece support T-bar 81 gives the piece strength and is made of steel and welded to withstand shock or tank shaking.
  • the coaming (OUT) piece 82 is an OUT coaming piece, and when the moving tank is hung on the crane and lifted, the OUT piece automatically enters the groove. It prevents you from falling while moving. Rubber is attached to the part that touches the tank to reduce the sound of bumping.
  • the separation tank water drain pipe 83 is the impeller blade and the inlet.
  • the mixing blade 84 is a mixing blade coupled to the bolt at the end of the impeller shaft, and the mixing blade first disassembles tree branches or seaweed or seaweed floating on seawater, which are sucked when the impeller rotates, before the impeller is sucked.
  • the mixing blade 84 is coupled to the blade inlet 89 as shown in the figure about the relationship 90 of the hull drainage, and the thickness 88 groove of the blade is loosened by mixing of the blade when the impeller rotates. It is a technical feature that prevents dismantling and is intended to prevent dismantling.
  • the thickness of the blade (88) is coupled to the mixing blade (84), see the description of the circular piece (85).
  • the blade inlet 89 is an impeller mixing blade bolting circular piece.
  • hull drainage (90) is the same as the general hull internal format as a relationship between securing and discharging water in the balance tank and bottom tank of make-up water.
  • CGT of the exemplary ship is 4OP, and the cargo capacity when full is 28 tons.
  • Korea is a powerhouse of Joseon.
  • Korea is surrounded by sea on three sides, has a close relationship with water from the Han River to the Nakdong River, including the four major rivers, and if only the rivers and oceans are well managed, the national brand status will be further enhanced.
  • tank lug for movement 31 full lift suction pump
  • microfiber mat 47 motor rotary saw
  • suction case tube 51 suction case pipe reinforcement
  • suction case suction port 57 pipe rotation fixing screw

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention pourrait contribuer à résoudre le changement climatique global. Les techniques fondamentales d'extraction d'algues et d'huile sont basées sur le principe selon lequel les algues et l'huile flottent sur l'eau. De plus, les sédiments dégradés et les polluants des sols dans l'eau ont la propriété de s'élever jusqu'à la surface de l'eau en raison de la flottabilité de l'air pulvérisé. Ainsi, la présente invention implique l'aspiration et la collecte de sédiments dégradés et de polluants des sols dans l'eau avec des algues. Il est considéré qu'il est possible de réduire à un minimum la marée rouge au moyen d'un travail préliminaire en mer ou sur des côtes proches de rivières, sur des côtes de pêcheries d'aquaculture côtières où de grandes quantités d'eaux usées provenant de villes sont évacuées, etc. Seul le travail persistant des navires de collecte est considéré comme pouvant améliorer suffisamment la qualité des sols dans l'eau. Même si des navires de collecte sont répartis dans les rivières et les océans de Corée, il est considéré qu'il est possible de sauver les rivières et les océans à faible coût.
PCT/KR2020/016211 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Navire pour éliminer des algues de quatre rivières majeures et des fuites d'huile provoquées par un accident maritime ou le naufrage d'un bateau WO2022107903A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2020/016211 WO2022107903A1 (fr) 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Navire pour éliminer des algues de quatre rivières majeures et des fuites d'huile provoquées par un accident maritime ou le naufrage d'un bateau

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2020/016211 WO2022107903A1 (fr) 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Navire pour éliminer des algues de quatre rivières majeures et des fuites d'huile provoquées par un accident maritime ou le naufrage d'un bateau

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WO2022107903A1 true WO2022107903A1 (fr) 2022-05-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116495853A (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-07-28 湖南中拓环境工程有限公司 一种蓝藻水华处理装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003126851A (ja) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-07 Nippon Clean Oil Kk 油水分離除去装置
KR200442154Y1 (ko) * 2007-06-15 2008-10-15 삼건세기(주) 기름 및 슬러지 분리장치
KR20090103353A (ko) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 유선목 부유기름 수거장치
KR20160018296A (ko) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-17 김용범 수면에 떠 있는 폐기름 회수기
KR20160066639A (ko) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-13 삼성중공업 주식회사 해양오염 방제 장치
KR102192842B1 (ko) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-18 남은태 4대 강 녹조제거 및 해양 선박사고나 침수로 누출된 기름 제거선박

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003126851A (ja) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-07 Nippon Clean Oil Kk 油水分離除去装置
KR200442154Y1 (ko) * 2007-06-15 2008-10-15 삼건세기(주) 기름 및 슬러지 분리장치
KR20090103353A (ko) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 유선목 부유기름 수거장치
KR20160018296A (ko) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-17 김용범 수면에 떠 있는 폐기름 회수기
KR20160066639A (ko) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-13 삼성중공업 주식회사 해양오염 방제 장치
KR102192842B1 (ko) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-18 남은태 4대 강 녹조제거 및 해양 선박사고나 침수로 누출된 기름 제거선박

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116495853A (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-07-28 湖南中拓环境工程有限公司 一种蓝藻水华处理装置
CN116495853B (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-09-05 湖南中拓环境工程有限公司 一种蓝藻水华处理装置

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