WO2022102510A1 - Dispositif de commande d'onduleur - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande d'onduleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022102510A1
WO2022102510A1 PCT/JP2021/040590 JP2021040590W WO2022102510A1 WO 2022102510 A1 WO2022102510 A1 WO 2022102510A1 JP 2021040590 W JP2021040590 W JP 2021040590W WO 2022102510 A1 WO2022102510 A1 WO 2022102510A1
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Prior art keywords
demagnetization
control device
inverter
control
determination unit
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PCT/JP2021/040590
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晴美 堀畑
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株式会社デンソー
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Publication of WO2022102510A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022102510A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to an inverter control device.
  • a system including a rotary electric machine and an inverter is known.
  • the rotary electric machine includes a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a plurality of phases of coils, and serves as a running power source for the vehicle.
  • the inverter is provided with an upper and lower arm switch for each phase, and electrically connects the power storage unit and the coil.
  • the upper and lower arm switches are switches in which external diodes are connected in antiparallel, or switches in which parasitic diodes are built-in.
  • the inverter control device applied to this system controls the switching of the upper and lower arm switches.
  • This problem can occur, for example, when the own vehicle is towed by another vehicle. As the traveling speed of the towed vehicle increases, the rotation speed of the rotor also increases and the counter electromotive voltage increases. As a result, the voltage of the power storage unit may become excessively high.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a method of irreversibly demagnetizing a permanent magnet by heating the permanent magnet by alternately switching between positive and negative of the d-axis current and then flowing the d-axis current in the negative direction. This reduces the counter electromotive voltage.
  • this method requires complicated control of the d-axis current.
  • the above-mentioned problems can occur in the same way as long as the moving body is equipped with a rotating electric machine as a moving power source.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its main purpose is to provide an inverter control device capable of demagnetizing a permanent magnet by a simple method.
  • This disclosure describes the power storage unit and A rotary electric machine equipped with a rotor having a permanent magnet and a stator having a multi-phase coil, which is a moving power source for a moving body, and An inverter having upper and lower arm switches to which diodes are connected in antiparallel connection and electrically connecting the power storage unit and the coil.
  • An inverter controller applied to a system equipped with A necessity determination unit for determining whether or not demagnetization of the permanent magnet is necessary, and When it is determined by the necessity determination unit that demagnetization is necessary, one of the upper and lower arm switches is turned on in all phases and the other arm switch is turned off in all phases.
  • cutoff control unit that executes a short-circuit control in which a recirculation current is passed through the closed circuit including the arm switch and the coil that have been turned ON, and after the execution of the short-circuit control, the cutoff control is performed so that the recirculation current does not flow.
  • the shunt control unit executes short-circuit control. As a result, the reflux current flows through the closed circuit including the arm switch and the coil that are turned on.
  • the operating point specified by the d and q-axis current values in the dq coordinate system finally has the q-axis current value of 0 and the d-axis current value. Converges to the final arrival position where is a negative predetermined value. In this case, the operating point does not linearly move from the operating point at the start of the short-circuit control to the final arrival position, but draws a swirling trajectory around the final arrival position and heads toward the final arrival position. In the process toward the final arrival position, the d-axis current increases intermittently in the negative direction. By utilizing this d-axis current, the permanent magnet can be demagnetized.
  • the reflux current will continue to flow.
  • the d-axis current continues to flow, and the permanent magnet may be demagnetized too much.
  • the current continues to flow in the arm switch that is turned on by the short-circuit control, and the arm switch in which the current continues to flow may fail.
  • the cutoff control in which the recirculation current does not flow is executed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a situation in which the permanent magnet is demagnetized too much or the arm switch to be turned on fails.
  • the permanent magnet can be demagnetized while suppressing the occurrence of failure of the inverter or the like by simple control such as short circuit control and cutoff control.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an in-vehicle control system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an inverter, a rotary electric machine, and their peripheral configurations.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the inverter control device.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the transition of the d and q-axis current values when the three-phase short-circuit control is continued.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a necessity determination unit, a demagnetization execution unit, and their peripheral configurations.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an in-vehicle control system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an inverter, a rotary electric machine, and their peripheral configurations.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the inverter control device.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the transition of the d and q-axi
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the transition of the d and q-axis current values when the demagnetization control is executed.
  • FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the transition of the duration of the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the magnet temperature and the duration of the three-phase short-circuit control according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an inverter, a rotary electric machine, and their peripheral configurations according to other embodiments.
  • the control device according to the present embodiment constitutes a control system together with a rotary electric machine as a traveling power source, and the control system is mounted on a vehicle.
  • the vehicle 10 includes left and right front wheels 11a, left and right rear wheels 11b, and a high-voltage battery 20.
  • the high voltage battery 20 is, for example, a lithium ion storage battery or a nickel hydrogen storage battery.
  • the front wheels 11a and the rear wheels 11b may be simply referred to as drive wheels 11.
  • the control system mounted on the vehicle 10 includes an inverter 40 that electrically connects the rotary electric machine 30, the high-pressure battery 20, and the rotary electric machine 30, an inverter control device 50 that controls the inverter 40, and a host control device 80 (FIG. 2) and.
  • the rotary electric machine 30 is an on-board motor.
  • the control system includes two sets of a rotary electric machine 30 and an inverter 40. Of the two sets of the rotary electric machine 30 and the inverter 40, one set constitutes a power system for applying a driving force to the front wheels 11a, and the other set constitutes a power system for applying a driving force to the rear wheels 11b. Configure the system.
  • the rotary electric machine 30 is a synchronous machine, and more specifically, a permanent magnet synchronous machine.
  • the configurations of the two sets of the rotary electric machine 30 and the inverter 40 are basically the same. Therefore, in the following, one of the two sets will be mainly described.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the electrical configurations of the rotary electric machine 30 and the inverter 40.
  • the rotary electric machine 30 includes a stator 32 and a rotor 33.
  • the rotating shaft of the rotor 33 is connected to the drive wheels 11 via a transmission, a shaft 12, and the like (not shown).
  • the stator 32 is provided with a three-phase coil 31.
  • the rotor 33 is provided with a permanent magnet 34.
  • the inverter 40 includes a series connection body of the upper arm switch SWp and the lower arm switch SWn for three phases.
  • each switch SWp, SWn is a voltage-controlled semiconductor switching element, and more specifically, an IGBT.
  • the upper and lower arm diodes Dp and Dn, which are freewheel diodes, are connected in antiparallel to the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWp.
  • the emitter which is the low potential side terminal of the upper arm switch SWp
  • the collector which is the high potential side terminal of the lower arm switch SWn
  • a conductive member Lm such as a bus bar.
  • the second end of the coil 31 of each phase is connected at the neutral point. That is, the coils 31 of each phase are star-connected.
  • the coils 31 of each phase are arranged so as to be offset by 120 ° from each other by the electric angle.
  • each cutoff switch SWRp, SWRn is a relay (specifically, for example, a system main relay). Each cutoff switch SWRp, SWRn is operated by the inverter control device 50 or the host control device 80.
  • the control system includes a smoothing capacitor 41 and an in-vehicle electric device 42.
  • the smoothing capacitor 41 connects the high potential side path Lp and the low potential side path Ln.
  • the electric device 42 is connected to the high potential side path Lp and the low potential side path Ln.
  • the electrical device 42 includes, for example, at least one of an electric compressor and a DCDC converter.
  • the electric compressor constitutes an air conditioner in the vehicle interior and is driven by being supplied with power from the high-pressure battery 20 in order to circulate the refrigerant in the in-vehicle refrigeration cycle.
  • the DCDC converter steps down the output voltage of the high-voltage battery 20 and supplies it to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage load.
  • Low voltage loads include low voltage batteries (not shown).
  • the low voltage battery is a secondary battery whose output voltage (for example, rated voltage) is lower than the output voltage (rated voltage) of the high voltage battery 20, and is, for example, a lead storage battery.
  • the high-voltage battery 20 and the smoothing capacitor 41 serve as storage units for the inverter 40 and the electric device 42.
  • the smoothing capacitor 41 of the high-voltage battery 20 and the smoothing capacitor 41 serves as a storage unit for the inverter 40 and the electric device 42.
  • the control system includes a phase current detection unit 43, an angle detection unit 44, and a voltage detection unit 45.
  • the phase current detection unit 43 detects at least two phases of the currents of each phase flowing through the rotary electric machine 30.
  • the angle detection unit 44 detects the electric angle of the rotor 33, and is, for example, a resolver.
  • the voltage detection unit 45 detects the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41.
  • the control system includes a first temperature detection unit 46 and a second temperature detection unit 47.
  • the first temperature detection unit 46 detects the temperatures of the diodes Dp and Dn and the switches SWp and SWn constituting the inverter 40.
  • the second temperature detection unit 47 detects the temperature of the permanent magnet 34.
  • the control system is equipped with a direct current detection unit 48.
  • the DC current detection unit 48 detects the current flowing in the high potential side path Lp.
  • the detected values of the detection units 43 to 48 are input to the inverter control device 50.
  • the inverter control device 50 is an ECU (electronic control unit) having a CPU, RAM, ROM, and the like.
  • the inverter control device 50 performs power running drive control.
  • the power running control is a switching control of the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn for converting the DC power output from the high voltage battery 20 into AC power and supplying it to the coil 31.
  • the rotary electric machine 30 functions as an electric machine and generates a power running torque (> 0). Further, the inverter control device 50 performs regenerative drive control.
  • the regenerative drive control is a switching control of the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn for converting the AC power generated by the rotary electric machine 30 into DC power and supplying it to the high-voltage battery 20.
  • the rotary electric machine 30 functions as a generator and generates regenerative torque ( ⁇ 0).
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the processing executed by the inverter control device 50.
  • the torque command unit 51 calculates the torque command value Trq * by receiving a command from the host control device 80.
  • the current command unit 52 calculates the d-axis current command value Id * and the q-axis current command value Iq * based on the calculated torque command value Trq *.
  • the dq conversion unit 53 has a d-axis current value Idr and a q-axis current value Iqr in the dq coordinate system based on the phase current detected by the phase current detection unit 43 and the electric angle ⁇ e detected by the angle detection unit 44. Is calculated.
  • the deviation calculation unit 54 is the difference between the d-axis current deviation ⁇ Id, which is the difference between the d-axis current command value Id * and the d-axis current value Idr, and the q-axis current command value Iq *, and the q-axis current value Iqr.
  • the shaft current deviation ⁇ Iq is calculated.
  • the feedback control unit 55 calculates the d-axis voltage command value Vd * as an operation amount for feedback-controlling the d-axis current deviation ⁇ Id to 0, and q as an operation amount for feedback-controlling the q-axis current deviation ⁇ Iq to 0.
  • the shaft voltage command value Vq * is calculated.
  • the feedback control is, for example, proportional integral control.
  • the modulator 56 is U, V based on the d, q-axis voltage command values Vd *, Vq *, the electric angle ⁇ e, and the power supply voltage Vb, which is the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41 detected by the voltage detection unit 45. , W phase voltage command values Vu *, Vv *, Vw * are calculated. More specifically, to explain by taking the U phase as an example, the modulator 56 is based on a magnitude comparison between a signal obtained by standardizing the U phase voltage command value Vu * with the power supply voltage Vb and a carrier signal such as a triangular wave signal. A U-phase drive signal to be supplied to the gates of the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn of the phase is generated.
  • the modulator 56 supplies a V-phase drive signal supplied to the gates of the V-phase upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn, and a W-phase drive signal supplied to the gates of the W-phase upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn. Generate a signal.
  • Each drive signal is an OFF command instructing the switch to be turned off or an ON command instructing the switch to be turned on.
  • the inverter control device 50 includes a necessity determination unit 57 and a demagnetization execution unit 58.
  • a necessity determination unit 57 and a demagnetization execution unit 58.
  • the vehicle 10 may not be able to run on its own due to, for example, a breakdown.
  • the vehicle 10 is a other vehicle (for example, a tow truck) with both the front wheels 11a and the rear wheels 11b in contact with the road surface, or with one of the front wheels 11a and the rear wheels 11b being lifted and the other in contact with the road surface. ) May be towed.
  • the drive wheels 11 of the vehicle 10 rotate as the other vehicle travels.
  • the rotor 33 rotates, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 34 generates a counter electromotive voltage in the three-phase coil 31.
  • shutoff switches SWRp and SMRn are turned off, and in the inverter 40, shutdown control is executed in which the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn of all phases are turned off.
  • the countercurrent voltage exceeds the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41
  • a current flows from each coil 31 to the smoothing capacitor 41 via the inverter 40, and the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41 becomes high.
  • the counter electromotive voltage exceeds the withstand voltage of at least one of the diodes Dp, Dn, the upper and lower arm switches SWp, SWn, the smoothing capacitor 41, and the electric device 42, the device may fail.
  • the traveling speed of another vehicle is high or the permanent magnet 34 has a high magnetic flux density in order to increase the torque of the rotary electric machine 30, the counter electromotive voltage tends to be high, and the above-mentioned failure occurs. Is likely to occur.
  • the intrinsic coercive force is 400 [kA / m] or more, and the intrinsic coercive force is 400 [kA / m] or more.
  • the demagnetization execution unit 58 performs demagnetization control to reduce the countercurrent voltage by irreversibly demagnetizing the permanent magnet 34 as necessary.
  • irreversible demagnetization may be simply referred to as demagnetization.
  • the demagnetization control is a control including a three-phase short circuit control and a shutdown control corresponding to a cutoff control.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control of the present embodiment is a control in which the lower arm switch SWn of all phases is turned on and the upper arm switch SWp of all phases is turned off.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control is also called ASC (Active Short Circuit) control.
  • the shutdown control is executed after the execution of the three-phase short circuit control. The reason for this will be described below.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of the dq coordinate system showing the transition of the d and q-axis current values Id and Iq when the three-phase short-circuit control is continued.
  • the position specified by the d, q-axis current values Id, Iq in the dq coordinate system of the current value will be referred to as an operating point OP.
  • the sign of the d-axis current Id when the field is strengthened is positive
  • the sign of the d-axis current Id when the field is weakened is negative.
  • the sign of the q-axis current Iq when the force running torque is generated in the first rotation direction of the rotor 33 by the force running control is positive, and the regenerative drive control regenerates in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction.
  • the sign of the q-axis current Iq when generating torque is negative.
  • This predetermined value is, for example, a value when the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 34 and the magnetic flux generated in the coil 31 by the d-axis current value Id and in the direction of canceling the magnet magnetic flux are equal to each other.
  • the operating point OP does not go straight from the start position Ps where the three-phase short-circuit control is started to the final arrival position M, but draws a trajectory that swirls clockwise around the final arrival position M. Head to the arrival position M.
  • the locus of the operating point OP from the start position Ps to the final arrival position M is sandwiched between the second and third quadrants and the second and third quadrants in the dq coordinate system of the current value. It exists in the area of the d-axis.
  • the second quadrant is a region where the q-axis current value Iq is a positive value and the d-axis current value Id is a negative value
  • the third quadrant is a region where both the d and q-axis current values Id and Iq are negative. This is the area that becomes the value of.
  • the d-axis current increases intermittently in the negative direction.
  • the permanent magnet 34 can be demagnetized.
  • the reflux current continues to flow.
  • the d-axis current will continue to flow, and the permanent magnet 34 may be demagnetized too much, or the current may flow to the lower arm switch SWn that is turned on by the three-phase short-circuit control, causing the lower arm switch SWn to fail. There is.
  • the shutdown control is executed after the execution of the three-phase short circuit control. As a result, the reflux current is prevented from flowing.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a necessity determination unit 57, a demagnetization execution unit 58, and their peripheral configurations.
  • the host control device 80 determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the vehicle 10. For example, when it is determined that any of the following conditions (A1) to (A3) is satisfied, the host control device 80 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the vehicle 10.
  • A1 Condition that the vehicle 10 collided and the airbag was activated
  • A2 Condition that the vehicle 10 was towed by another vehicle
  • A3 Condition that an abnormality occurred in the control system
  • Abnormality of the control system Includes at least one abnormality in each rotary electric machine 30 and each inverter 40, and at least one abnormality in each of the detection units 43 to 48.
  • the abnormality of the inverter 40 includes a short-circuit failure or an open failure of the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn.
  • the inverter control device 50 is configured so that the drive signal of each phase output from the modulator 56 becomes an OFF command.
  • This configuration can be realized, for example, by instructing the torque command unit 51 to stop the calculation of the torque command value Trq * from the host control device 80.
  • the host control device 80 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the vehicle 10, it transmits an abnormality notification signal to the necessity determination unit 57.
  • this abnormality includes the following abnormalities (B1) to (B4).
  • the first condition is that the DC current value Ip detected by the DC current detection unit 48 is smaller than the current threshold value Is.
  • the sign of the DC current value Ip when flowing through the high potential side path Lp from the high voltage battery 20 side toward the inverter 40 side is positive.
  • the current threshold value Is is set to 0 or a value slightly smaller than 0.
  • the first condition is a condition for determining whether or not the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the DC current value Ip is equal to or greater than the current threshold value Is, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is not in the charged state, and determines that demagnetization is unnecessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the DC current value Ip is smaller than the current threshold value Is, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is not in the charged state and determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • the smoothing capacitor 41 is charged by the charging current caused by the counter electromotive voltage, and the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41 rises. As a result, problems such as failure of the smoothing capacitor 41 and the electric device 42 may occur.
  • the first condition is set to deal with this problem.
  • the second condition is that the power supply voltage Vb is higher than the voltage threshold value Vth.
  • the voltage threshold Vth has the same value as the lowest withstand voltage or slightly higher than the lowest withstand voltage among the withstand voltage of each of the high-voltage battery 20, the smoothing capacitor 41, and the electric device 42 when the cutoff switches SMRp and SMRn are turned on. Set to a low value. Further, for example, the voltage threshold Vth is set to the same value as the lowest withstand voltage or slightly lower than the lowest withstand voltage among the withstand voltage of each of the smoothing capacitor 41 and the electric device 42 when the cutoff switches SMRp and SMRn are turned off. Set.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the power supply voltage Vb is equal to or less than the voltage threshold value Vth, it determines that demagnetization is unnecessary. On the other hand, when the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the power supply voltage Vb is higher than the voltage threshold value Vth, the necessity determination unit 57 determines that demagnetization is necessary. By setting the second condition, it can be determined that demagnetization is necessary before the power supply voltage Vb exceeds the withstand voltage of at least one of the high voltage battery 20, the smoothing capacitor 41, and the electric device 42.
  • the third condition is that the element temperature Tdr, which is the temperature detected by the first temperature detection unit 46, is higher than the temperature threshold value Tds.
  • the element temperature Tdr is, for example, the highest temperature (for example, the temperature of the diodes Dp and Dn) among the temperatures of the components to be detected by the first temperature detection unit 46.
  • the third condition is a condition for suppressing the occurrence of a situation in which the components of the inverter 40 are overheated and fail.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the element temperature Tdr is equal to or less than the temperature threshold value Tdt, it determines that demagnetization is unnecessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the element temperature Tdr is higher than the temperature threshold value Tds, it determines that demagnetization is necessary. By demagnetizing, the counter electromotive voltage can be suppressed and the current flowing through the elements constituting the inverter 40 can be reduced.
  • the logic of the demagnetization command output to the demagnetization execution unit 58 is set to L, and when it is determined that demagnetization is necessary, the demagnetization command is issued. Set the logic to H.
  • the demagnetization execution unit 58 includes a shutdown determination unit 58a, a NOT circuit 58b, and an AND circuit 58c.
  • a demagnetization command of the necessity determination unit 57 is input to the shutdown determination unit 58a.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a includes a timer that counts the elapsed time Ltr after the logic of the demagnetization command is switched to H.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a determines that it is not necessary to execute the shutdown control until the counted elapsed time Lth reaches the determination time Lth, and when it is determined that the counted elapsed time Ltr has reached the determination time Lth, the shutdown control is performed. Judge that it is necessary to execute.
  • the logic of the shutdown command output to the NOT circuit 58b is set to L. In this case, the logic of the output signal from the NOT circuit 58b to the AND circuit 58c becomes H.
  • the logic of the shutdown command output to the NOT circuit 58b is set to H. In this case, the logic of the output signal from the NOT circuit 58b to the AND circuit 58c becomes L.
  • the AND circuit 58c sets the logic of the instruction signal Sig output to the modulator 56 to L regardless of the logic of the demagnetization command. In this case, all the drive signals output from the modulator 56 to the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn of each phase constituting the inverter 40 are set to OFF commands. As a result, shutdown control is executed.
  • the AND circuit 58c sets the logic of the instruction signal Sig output to the modulator 56 to H.
  • the drive signal output from the modulator 56 to the lower arm switch SWn of each phase is an ON command
  • the drive signal output from the modulator 56 to the upper arm switch SWp of each phase is an OFF command. It is said that.
  • three-phase short circuit control is executed.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of demagnetization control.
  • step S10 the host control device 80 determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the vehicle 10.
  • step S11 the necessity determination unit 57 determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the configuration necessary for executing the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control. judge.
  • step S12 determines whether or not demagnetization of the permanent magnet 34 is necessary. Specifically, the necessity determination unit 57 determines that demagnetization is necessary when any of the above-mentioned first to third conditions is satisfied, and reduces when any of the first to third conditions is not satisfied. It is determined that magnetism is unnecessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that none of the first to third conditions is satisfied, it determines that demagnetization is unnecessary, and sets the logic of the demagnetization command to L. Then, the demagnetization control is terminated. On the other hand, when it is determined that any of the first to third conditions is satisfied, the necessity determination unit 57 determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • step S13 the necessity determination unit 57 sets the logic of the demagnetization command to H.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a sets the logic of the shutdown command to be output to the NOT circuit 58b to L until the elapsed time Lth after the logic of the demagnetization command is switched to H becomes the determination time Lth.
  • the logic of the output signal from the NOT circuit 58b to the AND circuit 58c becomes H
  • the logic of the instruction signal Sig output from the AND circuit 58c becomes H.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control is executed in the inverter 40.
  • step S14 when the shutdown determination unit 58a determines that the elapsed time Lth has reached the determination time Lth, the process proceeds to step S15, and the logic of the shutdown command output to the NOT circuit 58b is set to H. As a result, the logic of the output signal from the NOT circuit 58b to the AND circuit 58c becomes L, and the logic of the instruction signal Sig output from the AND circuit 58c becomes L. As a result, shutdown control is executed in the inverter 40.
  • the front wheels 11a and the rear wheels 11b are based on the detection values of the angle detection unit 44, for example. It is determined which of the drive wheels 11 is rotating.
  • the rotary electric machine that applies the drive torque to the rotating drive wheel 11 is designated as the target rotary electric machine.
  • the inverter control device 50 performs the processes of steps S11 to S15 for the inverter connected to the target rotary electric machine among the two inverters 40.
  • the host control device 80 determines that at least one abnormality of each rotary electric machine 30 and each inverter 40 and at least one abnormality of each of the detection units 43 to 48 have occurred, two.
  • a rotary electric machine capable of applying a drive torque to the drive wheels 11 is selected.
  • the inverter control device 50 performs the processes of steps S11 to S15 for the inverter connected to the selected rotary electric machine, and power drive control or regeneration for the remaining inverters. Drive control is performed.
  • the running of the vehicle 10 can be continued as much as possible.
  • the host control device 80 transmits an abnormality notification signal to the necessity determination unit 57.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 starts determining whether or not demagnetization is necessary.
  • the drive wheel 11 in contact with the road surface does not rotate, so that a counter electromotive voltage is not generated in the coil 31. Therefore, the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the DC current value Ip is equal to or greater than the current threshold value Is, and sets the logic of the demagnetization command to L. In this case, the logic of the instruction signal Sig output from the AND circuit 58c becomes L. As a result, the execution of shutdown control is maintained.
  • the vehicle 10 is towed and the drive wheels 11 in contact with the road surface rotate.
  • a countercurrent voltage is generated in the coil 31, and when the countercurrent voltage exceeds the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41, a current flows from the inverter 40 side to the smoothing capacitor 41 side, and the DC current value Ip is negative. Becomes the value of.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 switches the logic of the demagnetization command to H.
  • the logic of the instruction signal Sigma is maintained at L until the elapsed time Ltr after the logic of the demagnetization command is switched to H reaches the determination time Lth.
  • the logic of the instruction signal Sig is switched to H.
  • the logic of the instruction signal Sig is switched to H.
  • the operating point OP starts to move from the start position Ps in a swirling manner as in the case of FIG.
  • the q-axis current value Iq that specifies the start position Ps is a negative value because the counter electromotive voltage exceeds the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41, so that the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state. Because. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the start position Ps exists in the third quadrant in which the d and q-axis current values Id and Iq are negative, but the start position Ps does not necessarily exist in the third quadrant. not.
  • step S15 the shutdown control is started at the first operating point P1 by the process of step S15.
  • step S10 an affirmative determination is made in step S10, a negative determination is made in step S11, and it is further determined that the first condition is satisfied in step S12. Therefore, the process of step S13 restarts the three-phase short-circuit control at the second operating point P2, and then restarts the shutdown control at the third operating point P3.
  • step S12 the demagnetization control ends at the sixth operating point P6.
  • the locus of the operating point OP drawn in the demagnetization control is contained in the third quadrant.
  • the switching from the three-phase short-circuit control to the shutdown control is performed based on the elapsed time Ltr, the locus of the operating point OP does not fit in the third quadrant and may be in the second quadrant. possible. Even in this case, the permanent magnet 34 can be demagnetized by the negative d-axis current.
  • the duration of the three-phase short-circuit control is shorter than the previous duration of the three-phase short-circuit control.
  • the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 34 decreases each time the three-phase short-circuit control is performed. Therefore, by gradually shortening the duration, it is possible to suitably suppress the permanent magnet 34 from being demagnetized too much.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example in which the duration Lsdn of the shutdown control is gradually shortened, the duration Lsdn of each time may be constant.
  • the permanent magnet 34 can be irreversibly demagnetized while suppressing the occurrence of failure of the inverter 40 or the like by simple control such as three-phase short circuit control and shutdown control.
  • the permanent magnet 34 When it is determined that the DC current value Ip is smaller than the current threshold value Is, it is determined that the permanent magnet 34 needs to be demagnetized. Therefore, the permanent magnet 34 can be demagnetized before the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41 rises excessively or the high voltage battery 20 becomes overcharged.
  • the permanent magnet 34 needs to be demagnetized. Therefore, it can be understood that demagnetization is necessary before the withstand voltage of at least one of the high voltage battery 20, the smoothing capacitor 41, the electric device 42, and the inverter 40 is exceeded. Thereby, the high voltage battery 20, the smoothing capacitor 41, the electric device 42, and the inverter 40 can be protected.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control is switched to the shutdown control.
  • the start timing of the shutdown control can be properly determined.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control are executed, it is determined again whether or not the permanent magnet 34 needs to be demagnetized. Then, the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control are repeated until it is determined that demagnetization is unnecessary. As a result, for example, even when it is difficult to accurately grasp how much the permanent magnet 34 needs to be demagnetized, the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 34 is reduced as much as possible until it reaches a desired density. It can be magnetized.
  • the shutdown control is executed in the demagnetization control, it is possible to prevent the permanent magnet 34 from being demagnetized too much, and the components of the coil 31 and the inverter 40 are in an overheated state. Can be prevented. Therefore, the demagnetized rotary electric machine 30 and the inverter 40 can be sold in the aftermarket as relatively high-quality second-hand goods.
  • the first condition may be a condition that the sign of the direct current value Ip is negative.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the sign of the DC current value Ip is positive, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is not in the charged state, and determines that demagnetization is unnecessary. Then, the necessity determination unit 57 sets the logic of the demagnetization command to L.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the sign of the DC current value Ip is negative, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state, and determines that demagnetization is necessary. Then, the necessity determination unit 57 sets the logic of the demagnetization command to H.
  • the sign of the DC current value Ip is negative, it is considered that the current is flowing in the high potential side path Lp in the direction in which the smoothing capacitor 41 is charged.
  • the first condition may be a condition that the q-axis current value Iqr calculated by the dq conversion unit 53 is smaller than the q-axis current threshold value Iqth.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the q-axis current value Iqr is equal to or greater than the q-axis current threshold value Iqth, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is not in the charged state, and determines that demagnetization is unnecessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the q-axis current value Iqr is smaller than the q-axis current threshold value Iqth, it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state and determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • the q-axis current threshold Iqth is set to 0 or a value slightly smaller than 0. Therefore, when the q-axis current value Iqr is smaller than the q-axis current threshold value Iqth, it is considered that the smoothing capacitor 41 is charged.
  • the abnormality of the configuration necessary for executing the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control may include an abnormality that makes it impossible to acquire the electric angle ⁇ e and the phase current detection value.
  • the abnormality that makes it impossible to acquire the electric angle ⁇ e includes an abnormality of the angle detection unit 44.
  • the abnormality in which the phase current detection value cannot be acquired includes an abnormality in the phase current detection unit 43.
  • the smoothing capacitor 41 is in the charged state. It may be determined that.
  • the current value for determining whether or not the smoothing capacitor 41 is in the charged state is not limited to the current value in the rotating coordinate system (dq coordinate system), but the current value in the fixed coordinate system (UVW coordinate system) (for example).
  • the detection value of the phase current detection unit 43 may be used.
  • the first condition may be a condition that the counter electromotive voltage Vm generated in the coil 31 is higher than the electromotive voltage threshold value V ⁇ .
  • the electromotive voltage threshold value V ⁇ is set to a value lower than, for example, the power supply voltage Vb.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the counter electromotive voltage Vm is equal to or less than the electromotive voltage threshold V ⁇ , it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is not in the charged state, and determines that demagnetization is unnecessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the counter electromotive voltage Vm is higher than the electromotive voltage threshold V ⁇ , it determines that the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state and determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 may calculate the counter electromotive voltage Vm based on, for example, the electric angular velocity ⁇ e of the rotor 33. In this case, the necessity determination unit 57 may calculate the electric angular velocity ⁇ e based on the electric angle ⁇ e.
  • a fourth condition may be added in step S12 of FIG. 6 that the absolute value of the DC current value Ip is higher than the allowable current value (> 0).
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that demagnetization is necessary when any of the first to fourth conditions is satisfied, and when none of the first to fourth conditions is satisfied, demagnetization is performed. Determined to be unnecessary.
  • the inverter control device 50 sets the determination time Lth used in step S14 of FIG. 6 longer as the magnet temperature Tmag detected by the second temperature detection unit 47 becomes lower, as shown in FIG. This setting is based on the fact that the lower the temperature of the permanent magnet 34, the higher the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 34, and it is necessary to increase the degree of demagnetization.
  • the inverter control device 50 may use the temperature estimation value of the permanent magnet 34 instead of the detection value of the first temperature detection unit 46 for setting the determination time Lth.
  • the third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings, focusing on the differences from the first embodiment.
  • the first condition is changed to the condition relating to the electric angular velocity ⁇ e.
  • the same processing as that shown in FIG. 6 is designated by the same reference numerals for convenience.
  • the first condition is that the electric angular velocity ⁇ e is higher than the velocity threshold value ⁇ th.
  • This condition is a condition for determining whether or not the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state.
  • the velocity threshold ⁇ th is, for example, between terminals where the counter electromotive voltage of the coil 31 can be taken by a normal high-voltage battery 20 when the temperature of the permanent magnet 34 becomes the lower limit of the possible temperature range (for example, ⁇ 40 ° C.). It suffices if the electric angular velocity is set to be higher than the lower limit of the voltage range.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the electric angular velocity ⁇ e is equal to or less than the velocity threshold value ⁇ th, it determines that demagnetization is unnecessary. On the other hand, when the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the electric angular velocity ⁇ e is higher than the velocity threshold value ⁇ th, it determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • the mechanical angular velocity of the rotor 33 may be used instead of the electric angular velocity ⁇ e.
  • the first condition is that the magnet temperature Tmag is lower than the magnet threshold Tgth.
  • This condition is a condition for determining whether or not the smoothing capacitor 41 is in a charged state.
  • the magnet threshold Tgth is, for example, when the rotation speed of the rotor 33 becomes the upper limit value (maximum rotation speed) of the possible speed range, the countercurrent voltage of the coil 31 is the voltage between terminals that can be taken by the normal high-pressure battery 20. It suffices if the temperature of the permanent magnet 34 is set to be higher than the lower limit of the range.
  • the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the magnet temperature Tmag is equal to or higher than the magnet threshold value Tgth, it determines that demagnetization is unnecessary. On the other hand, when the necessity determination unit 57 determines that the magnet temperature Tmag is lower than the magnet threshold value Tgth, it determines that demagnetization is necessary.
  • the inverter control device 50 may use the temperature estimation value of the permanent magnet 34 instead of the detection value of the first temperature detection unit 46 as the temperature to be compared with the magnet threshold value Tgs.
  • step S18 the necessity determination unit 57 sets the logic of the demagnetization command to H.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a acquires the d-axis current value Idr, the acquired d-axis current value Idr is a negative value, and the absolute value of the d-axis current value Idr is the d-axis current threshold Idth (>). It is determined whether or not it exceeds 0). If the shutdown determination unit 58a makes an affirmative determination in step S18, the shutdown determination unit 58a switches the logic of the shutdown command output to the NOT circuit 58b from H to L. As a result, shutdown control is executed in step S15.
  • the permanent magnet 34 can be appropriately demagnetized.
  • the d-axis current threshold value Idth may be reduced each time the three-phase short-circuit control and the shutdown control are repeated in the demagnetization control.
  • step S19 the necessity determination unit 57 sets the logic of the demagnetization command to H.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a acquires the q-axis current value Iqr, and determines whether or not the acquired q-axis current value Iqr has switched from a negative value to a positive value.
  • the shutdown determination unit 58a determines affirmatively in step S19, it determines that the rotary electric machine 30 has switched from the power generation state to the power running state, and switches the logic of the shutdown command output to the NOT circuit 58b from H to L.
  • shutdown control is executed in step S15.
  • the demagnetization control can be executed only during the period in which the voltage between the terminals of the smoothing capacitor 41 is expected to increase.
  • the three-phase short-circuit control may be a control in which the upper arm switch SWp of all phases is turned on and the lower arm switch SWn of all phases is turned off.
  • a connection switch SW ⁇ may be provided between the connection points of the upper and lower arm switches SWp and SWn and the first end of the coil 31.
  • the inverter control device 50 may execute a control (corresponding to “cutoff control”) for turning off the connection switch SW ⁇ of each phase instead of the shutdown control.
  • the demagnetization control is not limited to the one that irreversibly demagnetizes the permanent magnet 34.
  • a negative d-axis current capable of reversibly demagnetizing the permanent magnet 34 may be passed.
  • the switch constituting the inverter is not limited to the IGBT, and may be, for example, an N-channel MOSFET having a built-in body diode.
  • the rotary electric machine and the inverter are not limited to three-phase ones, but may be two-phase ones or four-phase or more ones. Further, the rotary electric machine is not limited to the on-board motor, but may be an in-wheel motor built in the wheel.
  • the vehicle is not limited to a four-wheel drive vehicle, and for example, any one of the front wheel 11a and the rear wheel 11b may be a drive wheel.
  • the moving body on which the control system is mounted is not limited to a vehicle, but may be, for example, an aircraft or a ship.
  • the rotating electric machine constituting the control system is the flight power source of the aircraft.
  • the rotary electric machine constituting the control system becomes a navigation force source of the ship.
  • the controls and methods thereof described in the present disclosure are provided by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by a computer program. It may be realized. Alternatively, the controls and methods thereof described in the present disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring the processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits. Alternatively, the control unit and method thereof described in the present disclosure may be a combination of a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions and a processor configured by one or more hardware logic circuits. It may be realized by one or more dedicated computers configured. Further, the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable non-transitional tangible recording medium as an instruction executed by the computer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de commande d'onduleur (50) peut être adapté dans un système comprenant des unités de stockage d'énergie (20, 41), une machine électrique rotative (30) comme source d'énergie mobile d'un corps mobile (10) et un onduleur (40). Le dispositif de commande d'onduleur détermine si un aimant permanent (34) d'un rotor (33) constituant la machine électrique rotative doit être démagnétisé. Lorsqu'il est déterminé que la démagnétisation est nécessaire, le dispositif de commande d'onduleur allume dans toutes les phases un commutateur de bras (SWn) parmi des commutateurs de bras supérieur et inférieur (SWp, SWn) de l'onduleur et éteint dans toutes les phases l'autre commutateur de bras (SWp), ce qui permet d'exécuter une commande de court-circuit dans laquelle un courant électrique de reflux passe à travers un circuit fermé comprenant le commutateur de bras qui a été allumé et une bobine (31) de la machine électrique rotative, et après que la commande de court-circuit a été exécutée, effectue une commande de coupure pour atteindre un état dans lequel le courant électrique de reflux ne circule pas.
PCT/JP2021/040590 2020-11-10 2021-11-04 Dispositif de commande d'onduleur WO2022102510A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2020-187330 2020-11-10
JP2020187330A JP2022076768A (ja) 2020-11-10 2020-11-10 インバータ制御装置

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008141862A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd モータ制御方法およびモータ制御装置
JP2009017694A (ja) * 2007-07-05 2009-01-22 Toshiba Corp 可変磁束ドライブシステム
JP2009247077A (ja) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 永久磁石型モータの自己減磁装置及び電気製品の運転停止方法
WO2012063287A1 (fr) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-18 国産電機株式会社 Dispositif de commande de machine électrique tournante

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008141862A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd モータ制御方法およびモータ制御装置
JP2009017694A (ja) * 2007-07-05 2009-01-22 Toshiba Corp 可変磁束ドライブシステム
JP2009247077A (ja) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 永久磁石型モータの自己減磁装置及び電気製品の運転停止方法
WO2012063287A1 (fr) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-18 国産電機株式会社 Dispositif de commande de machine électrique tournante

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