WO2022096650A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines metallischen behälters - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines metallischen behälters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022096650A1 WO2022096650A1 PCT/EP2021/080783 EP2021080783W WO2022096650A1 WO 2022096650 A1 WO2022096650 A1 WO 2022096650A1 EP 2021080783 W EP2021080783 W EP 2021080783W WO 2022096650 A1 WO2022096650 A1 WO 2022096650A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- area
- sheet metal
- region
- container
- metal material
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OOKDYUQHMDBHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid;2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CNC.CNC.COC1=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C1C(O)=O.OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OOKDYUQHMDBHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/30—Deep-drawing to finish articles formed by deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
- B21D35/006—Blanks having varying thickness, e.g. tailored blanks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metallic container from a sheet material.
- the container is in particular part of a can, in particular part of a beverage can.
- the box consists in particular of at least two parts, on the one hand the container and on the other hand a lid area which is connected to the container, e.g. B. by a folded joint.
- the container is manufactured at least by deep drawing or ironing along an axial direction.
- the container has a bottom area that at least partially, in particular completely, closes the first end and, adjoining this, a wall area that extends along the axial direction towards a second end and runs around in a circumferential direction.
- a cover or a cover area can be attached to the second end.
- the lid can have a closure via which the contents of the container closed by the lid can be removed.
- the container can e.g. B. be part of a beverage container, in particular a (metallic) beverage can.
- the beverage container is used to store content, e.g. B. a liquid, wherein the beverage container in the closed state (initial state) can be under an overpressure relative to the environment or relative to an atmospheric pressure of about 1 bar.
- the well-known two-part containers or cans closed by a lid have a base area that determines the volume of the container with an adjoining wall area in the shape of a cylinder jacket, which is connected in one operation - i.e. in one piece - by deep-drawing and/or ironing. Sliding are made.
- the wall thickness of the wall area is z. B. in the order of about 0.080 mm [millimeters] to about 0.160 mm, the greatest thickness being in the area of the later connection to the lid, while the wall thickness of the base area is in the order of about 0.220 mm to about 0.350 mm mm lies.
- a lid can be arranged on the side of the (appropriately prepared) wall area opposite the base part.
- the lid is connected to the wall portion of the can in the usual way, e.g. B. by means of a so-called double fold.
- the wall thickness of the lid has, in particular, a wall thickness on the order of 0.180 mm to approx. 0.230 mm.
- Containers of this type are used in significant quantities, especially for beverages of all kinds, as one-way packaging, with the can material being made to a large extent from recycled material. Considering the large volume of the market, a significant amount of material (especially tinplate or aluminum) is required. Even relatively small amounts of material that can be saved in the manufacture of an individual container would, based on the total annual consumption of about five billion cans in the Federal Republic of Germany alone, mean a considerable and in any case not negligible material saving.
- the beverage container can be under an internal pressure of up to 6.2 bar before it is opened for the first time. For this reason, a dimensionally stable design with a sufficient wall thickness of the floor area is required.
- the object of the invention is therefore to at least partially solve the problems existing with reference to the prior art and in particular to provide a method for producing a container by means of which a reproducible quality can be guaranteed for thin-walled containers made from the most vaporous starting material possible.
- a method for manufacturing a metallic container from a sheet material is proposed.
- the container which is produced at least by deep-drawing and/or ironing along an axial direction, has at a first end a bottom region that at least partially closes the first end and then a bottom region that extends in a circumferential direction along the axial direction towards a second end circumferentially trained wall area.
- the method comprises at least the following steps: a) providing the sheet metal material; b) contacting the sheet metal material in an annular first area with a first punch and c) subsequent deep drawing and/or ironing and sliding of the sheet metal material to form the bottom area and the wall area.
- the sheet metal material is at least partially deformed in a second region, the second region at least partially encompassing the first region.
- a material thickness/wall thickness of the sheet metal material present in this second area is reduced by the forming and thus at least one yield point Rpo ⁇ of the sheet metal material is increased.
- a (circular) sheet metal section is first cut out of a flat endless material and (immediately) then formed.
- This forming initially includes in particular a deep-drawing, with a (second) punch, which can be moved in particular along the axial direction, forming the sheet metal material or the sheet metal section into a cup-like container.
- the cup-like container is then fed to a further forming station, in which the cup-like container is further deformed by deep-drawing and/or ironing-sliding.
- a first punch which can be moved in particular along the axial direction, hits the bottom area of the cup-like container and pulls the sheet metal material through a (possibly multi-stage) die.
- the bottom area and the wall area of the container are formed at least partially, in particular by ironing and sliding.
- the sheet material is locally damaged and the wall thickness is reduced locally in the first area in which the first punch contacts the sheet material for the first time.
- this damage e.g. B. further inwards in a radial direction.
- This damaged area in particular can be the subject of further reshaping, so that further damage or a critical weak point or even failure of the material can occur.
- the locally reduced wall thickness is further reduced as part of the further forming, resulting in a wall thickness that is too small for the intended application of the container.
- a pretreatment of the first area can result in damage as a result of the contacting of the first stamp being able to be reduced or prevented and, if necessary, further damage as a result of further forming being able to be at least reduced or completely suppressed.
- this is achieved in particular in that in a step a1), at least partial deformation of the sheet metal material takes place in a second area, the second area at least partially or completely encompassing the first area.
- a material thickness of the sheet metal material present in this second region is reduced by the forming and thus at least one yield point R p o i2 of the sheet metal material is increased.
- This increase in the yield strength and/or the hardening of the sheet metal material achieved by the forming means that the impact of the first punch only causes a smaller deformation of the first area. What is also achieved is that the sheet metal material present in this second area is not further deformed, or only to a lesser extent, due to the hardening in further deformations. In particular, during the forming of adjacent areas, the sheet metal material does not flow from this second area, but from other areas. This prevents a further reduction in the material thickness occurring in this second area.
- the second area is ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped.
- the second region shaped like a ring segment (or a plurality of second regions shaped like a ring segment, which are arranged together within an imaginary ring-shaped second region) comprises an angular range of (together) at least 180 angular degrees, in particular at least 270 angular degrees, along a circumferential direction.
- the individual ring-shaped segments each extend over the same angular ranges, but possibly also different from one another, e.g. B. of at least 5 angular degrees or at least 25 angular degrees.
- the second area is designed in the form of a circular ring (segment).
- the first area is designed in the shape of a circular ring and corresponds (in particular at least) to the contact surface or the impingement surface of the first punch on the sheet metal material.
- the second area is arranged coaxially to the first area.
- the annular first area is delimited by a (smallest) first inner diameter and a (largest) first outer diameter.
- the ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped second area is delimited by a (smallest) second inner diameter and a (largest) second outer diameter.
- the second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter.
- each inner diameter is parallel to and coaxial with the outer diameter of the same region.
- a second inner diameter runs parallel to the first inner diameter and is arranged coaxially thereto.
- the second outside diameter is larger than the first outside diameter.
- the first diameters are determined in particular on the flat, as yet undeformed sheet metal section or the sheet metal material, e.g. B. also based on the first stamp.
- the second diameters can be determined and fixed as a function of the first diameters.
- a step a2) the sheet metal material is contacted with a second die and a subsequent deep drawing is carried out.
- the second punch has a larger outside punch diameter than the first punch.
- a (circular) sheet metal section is first cut out of a flat endless material and (immediately) then formed.
- This forming initially includes in particular a deep-drawing, with a second die forming the sheet metal material or the sheet metal section into a cup-like container.
- This reshaping into the cup-like container is carried out in particular before step b) in step a2).
- step a2) takes place after step a1), ie is carried out afterwards.
- step a1) can also take place after step a2) but before step b).
- the material thickness in the second area (as a result of the deformation of the second area) is reduced by at least 3%, preferably at least 5%, particularly preferably at least 6%, and the yield point R p0.2 by at least 5%, preferably by at least 10%. more preferably by at least 15% or even by at least 17%.
- a reduction in the material thickness in the second range from 245 ⁇ m [microns] to 230 ⁇ m (i.e. reduction of 6.1%) and a hardening of a yield point R p0 .2 of 276 MPa [megapascals] was observed on an aluminum alloy 325 MPa (i.e. increase of 17.75%) can be determined.
- step c) is carried out at least partially with the first stamp, wherein during or subsequent to step c) in a step c1) a further reshaping of the bottom region takes place by a third stamp, which may be immovably arranged.
- a third stamp which may be immovably arranged.
- a third portion of the sheet material located opposite a radial direction inside the first punch is deformed by the third punch toward the second end along the axial direction.
- the first punch is designed as a hollow punch, with the third punch at least partially entering a hollow section of the first punch at the end of step c1) along the axial direction.
- the third stamp has a convex contact surface opposite the bottom area, so that a concave shape is formed in the bottom area when viewed from the outside.
- the second area is shifted inward in the radial direction, so that after the further forming, the second area is arranged along the radial direction between the first punch and the third punch.
- the forming of the base area according to step d) leads in particular to a further enlargement of the surface area of the sheet metal material in the base area. This further reduces the material thickness in the floor area.
- sheet metal material from adjacent areas is also displaced inward in the radial direction as a result of the forming.
- the second area is also displaced from the contact zone with the first punch in the radial direction inwards, so that the pretreated second area now arranges between the first stamp and the third stamp.
- the second area is arranged in particular in a wall section of the third area that extends essentially along the axial direction.
- step c) and after step c1) in a further step d) a further shaping of the bottom region takes place, with a wall section of the third region extending at least along the axial direction being shaped outwards in a fourth region in the radial direction.
- This additional reshaping is carried out in particular in order to increase the dimensional stability of the bottom area, especially in relation to high overpressures of a beverage container.
- the fourth area at least partially includes the second area.
- the fourth area is arranged at least along the axial and/or radial direction within the second area.
- the second area is arranged at least along the axial and/or radial direction within the fourth area.
- the sheet metal material provided in step a) is in a flat state and between steps a) and b) a sheet metal section is cut out of the sheet metal material in a step a3), so that in step c) the sheet metal section is deep-drawn and/or through ironing-sliding is formed.
- Step a1) takes place before or after step a3).
- Step a2) preferably takes place after step a3), in particular it can be carried out at least partially simultaneously with step a3).
- a sheet metal material is also proposed.
- the sheet metal has a width and a length that together form a flat surface with a material di- open the cke.
- the sheet metal material comprises a multiplicity of ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped second regions, which have a material thickness that is reduced compared to the rest of the surface.
- the sheet metal material is designed to be particularly suitable for producing a container using the proposed method.
- the sheet metal material already has the deformations carried out as part of step a1).
- These transformations forming the second areas can e.g. B. by a press device, ie by at least one stamp, or by a rolling device in which a rolling tool is guided to form the second areas along the surface.
- a device for producing a metal container from sheet metal material is also proposed.
- the device is designed to be suitable for carrying out the method described or additionally for producing the sheet metal material described.
- the device comprises at least a first stamp for forming the sheet material at least by deep drawing and/or ironing and sliding, a holder for positioning the sheet material relative to the first stamp and a device for forming the sheet material in the second area, i.e. for reducing the material thickness and for Increasing the yield strength R p02 of the sheet metal material in the second area.
- a container is also proposed, produced from sheet metal material at least by deep-drawing and/or ironing-sliding along an axial direction. At least at a first end, the container comprises a base area that at least partially closes the first end, followed by a bottom area that extends along the axial direction towards a second end extending wall area running around the circumference in a circumferential direction and a cover area at least partially closing the second end.
- the container is at least partially manufactured by the method described. Alternatively or additionally, the container is made at least partially from the sheet metal material described. Alternatively or additionally, the container is at least partially manufactured with the device described.
- the container is used in particular as a beverage container.
- it comprises a housing with a base area, a cover area and a wall area connecting the base area to the cover area.
- the beverage container has a core bevel (in the bottom area or) between the bottom area and the wall area running along a circumferential direction and optionally an additional core bevel (in the top area or) between the top area and the wall area.
- the beverage container has a volume that can be or is filled at least partially with a liquid.
- a closure is arranged, via which the liquid can be removed from the volume in the open state.
- the core bevel is in particular a circumferential groove in the base area (or cover area) whose deepest point (along the axial direction) is formed in particular by the first punch.
- the groove has a width in the radial direction and a depth in the axial direction. The volume extends into the groove.
- the groove is delimited at its axial end (first end of the container) with respect to the radial direction by a circumferentially running inner wall (third region or fourth region of the container) and a circumferentially running outer wall.
- Beverage containers are regularly cylindrical in shape and therefore rotationally symmetrical about a central axis that extends along the axial direction.
- the beverage container is in particular a beverage can.
- the beverage container In a closed initial state, the beverage container is in particular under pressure, e.g. B. of at least 2.5 bar, which is greater than a pressure of an environment (in particular, the pressure of the environment is at most 1, 1 bar).
- pressure e.g. B. of at least 2.5 bar
- a pressure of an environment in particular, the pressure of the environment is at most 1, 1 bar.
- the volume of the beverage container is in particular between 0.1 and 5 liters, preferably at most 3 liters, particularly preferably at most 1 liter.
- the beverage container extends in particular from the base area to the lid area along an axial direction.
- the axial direction preferably runs parallel to the wall area.
- the beverage container is essentially cylindrical and has (apart from structures, e.g. in the lid area, e.g. for opening/closing the volume) an axis of rotation or axis of symmetry that extends parallel to the axial direction.
- indefinite articles (“a”, “an”, “an” and “an”), particularly in the claims and the description reflecting them, is to be understood as such and not as a numeral.
- indefinite articles (“a”, “an”, “an” and “an”), particularly in the claims and the description reflecting them, is to be understood as such and not as a numeral.
- Correspondingly introduced terms or components are to be understood in such a way that they are present at least once and in particular can also be present several times.
- first”, “second”, “third”, ...) primarily (only) serve to distinguish between several similar objects, sizes or processes, i.e. in particular no dependency and/or sequence of these objects, sizes or processes in relation to one another. Should a dependency and/or order be necessary, this is explicitly stated here or it is obvious to the person skilled in the art when studying the specifically described embodiment.
- step 3 a method immediately after step a) in a side view
- Fig. 4 the method according to FIG. 3 immediately after step a3) and during
- Step a2) in a side view
- FIGS. 3 and 4 shows the method according to FIGS. 3 and 4 immediately after steps a2) and a3), in a side view;
- FIGS. 3 to 5 shows the method according to FIGS. 3 to 5, with step a1 first on the left, the state immediately after steps a2) and a3) in the middle and the transformation from the state immediately after step a2) to step c1 on the right ) is shown; each in a side view;
- FIG. 7 the workpiece according to FIG. 5 and a diagram;
- Fig. 8 the method during step b) and c) in a side view
- Fig. 9 the method at the end of step c) in a side view in
- Fig. 10 the workpiece immediately before step c1) of the method in a
- Fig. 11 the workpiece immediately after step c1) of the method in a
- Fig. 1 shows a container 1 in a side view.
- the container 1 is made from a sheet metal material 2, at least by deep drawing and/or ironing along an axial direction 3.
- the container 1 comprises a bottom region 5 closing the first end 4, then a wall region 8 extending along the axial direction 3 towards a second end 6 and running around in a circumferential direction 7, and a wall region 8 at least covering the second end 6 partially closing lid area 37.
- the container 1 is at least partially (thus wall area 8 and bottom area 5) produced by the method described. Alternatively or additionally, the container 1 is at least partially (thus wall area 8 and bottom area 5) made of the sheet metal material 2 described. Alternatively or additionally, the container ter 1 at least partially (i.e. wall area 8 and floor area 5) produced with the device 29 described.
- the container 1 is used as a beverage container.
- the beverage container has a core bevel 38 (in the base area 5 or respectively) running along the circumferential direction 7 between the base area 5 and the wall area 8 .
- the beverage container has a volume 39 which can be or is filled at least partially with a liquid.
- a closure can be arranged in the cover area 37, via which z. B. a liquid from the volume 39 can be removed.
- the core bevel 38 is a circumferential groove in the bottom area 5 running in the circumferential direction 7, the deepest point of which (along the axial direction 3) is formed by the first punch 10 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- the volume 39 extends into the groove.
- the groove is at its axial end (first end 4 of the container 1 ) opposite the radial direction 21 by an inner wall running in the circumferential direction 7 (third area 22 or fourth area 24 of the container 1 ), and one running in the circumferential direction 7 outer wall limited.
- the beverage container extends from the base area 5 to the lid area 37 along an axial direction 3.
- the axial direction 3 runs parallel to the wall area 8.
- the beverage container is essentially cylindrical and has (from structures e.g. in the lid area 37, e.g. g. for opening/closing the volume 39 ) has an axis of rotation or an axis of symmetry or a central axis 40 which extends parallel to the axial direction 3 .
- the sheet material 2 shows a device 29 and a sheet material 2 in a plan view.
- the arrows indicate the feed direction 32 of the sheet material 2 through the device 29.
- the sheet material 2 provided in step a) is in a flat state.
- the sheet metal material 2 has a width (transverse to the feed direction 32 and to the traversing path of the second stamp 18) and a length (parallel to the feed direction 32) which together form a flat surface 26 with a material thickness / wall thickness 12 (in the direction of the travel of the second punch 18) clamp.
- the device 29 is designed to be suitable for carrying out at least part of the method described and for producing the sheet metal material 2 described.
- the device 29 includes a device 31 for forming the sheet material 2 in the second area 11, i.e. for reducing the material thickness 12 and for increasing the yield point Rpo ⁇ of the sheet material 2 in the second area 11.
- the device 29 also includes a plurality of second punches 18 for the simultaneous forming of the sheet metal material 2 at least by deep-drawing in a plurality of sheet metal sections 25 and a holder 30 for positioning the sheet metal material 2 relative to the second stamps 18.
- step a1) an at least partial forming of the sheet material 2 carried out in the second area 11 .
- the second area 11 comprises or at least partially covers an annular first area 9 of the sheet metal material 2, which is contacted by a first punch 10 in a subsequent step b) of the method (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- a material thickness 12 of the sheet metal material 2 present in this second region 11 is reduced by the forming according to step a1) and thus at least one yield point R P Q I2 of the sheet metal material 2 is increased.
- the ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped second area 11 is delimited by a (smallest) second inner diameter 16 and a (largest) second outer diameter 17 .
- Step a2) Before step a2) or at least partially simultaneously with it, a sheet metal section 25 is cut out of the sheet metal material 2 in a step a3). Step a1) takes place before step a3).
- the sheet material 2 Before the second stamps 18 act on the sheet material 2, the sheet material 2 already includes a large number of ring-shaped ones on the flat surface 26 or second regions 11 in the form of ring segments, which have a reduced material thickness 12 compared to the remaining surface 26 .
- the second areas 11 forming transformations can z. B. by a press device, ie by at least one stamp, or by a rolling device, in which a rolling tool for forming the second areas 11 along the surface 26 is performed.
- the second region 11 produced in each case is ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped.
- the second region 11 shaped like a ring segment (or the plurality of second regions 11 shaped like a ring segment, which are arranged together within an imaginary ring-shaped second region 11 ) comprises an angular region 13 of at least 180 angular degrees in total along a circumferential direction 7 .
- the individual segments in the form of ring segments each extend over the same angular ranges 13.
- the second regions 11 are designed in the form of a circular ring (segment).
- the sheet metal sections 25 formed as part of steps a1), a2) and a3) are then fed to further processing as part of steps b), c), c1) and d).
- FIG. 3 shows a method immediately after step a) in a side view.
- FIG. 4 shows the method according to FIG. 3 immediately after step a3) and during step a2), in a side view.
- FIG. 5 shows the method according to FIGS. 3 and 4 immediately after steps a2) and a3), in a side view. 3 to 5 are described together below. Reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS.
- FIG. 3 A part of the device 29 with a second stamp 18 is shown in FIG.
- the device 29 is designed to be suitable for at least partially simultaneously carrying out steps a2) and a3), ie for cutting out a sheet metal section 25 from the sheet metal material 2 according to step a3) and for contacting the Sheet material 2 with the second punch 18 and subsequent deep drawing according to step a2).
- steps a2) and a3) ie for cutting out a sheet metal section 25 from the sheet metal material 2 according to step a3) and for contacting the Sheet material 2 with the second punch 18 and subsequent deep drawing according to step a2).
- step a3) has already been carried out and the sheet metal section 25 that is now present is contacted by the second die 18 and deep-drawn.
- step a2) is completed and the second punch 18 is moved back into its starting position.
- a (circular or contoured) sheet metal section 25 is first separated from a flat endless sheet metal material 2 and (immediately) then formed.
- This forming includes deep drawing, with a second stamp 18 forming the sheet metal material 2 or the sheet metal section 25 into a cup-like container 1 .
- This transformation into the cup-like container 1 is carried out before step b) in step a2).
- Fig. 6 shows the method according to Fig. 3 to 5, with left first step a1), in the middle the state immediately after steps a2) and a3) (see also Fig. 5) and right the transformation from the state immediately after Step a2) towards step c1) is shown; each in a side view.
- FIGS. 1-10 show the statements relating to FIGS.
- the sheet metal material 2 is provided (see left-hand image in FIG. 6).
- step b) sheet metal material 2 is contacted in an annular first area 9 with a first stamp 10 (see right-hand image in Fig. 6) and according to step c), sheet metal material 2 is then deep-drawn and/or extruded to form base area 5 and the wall portion 8 (see Figures 8 and 9).
- step a1) the sheet metal material 2 is at least partially formed in a second area 11 (see left-hand image in FIG. 6), the second area 11 at least partially encompassing the first area 9.
- a material thickness 12 of the sheet metal material 2 present in this second area 11 is reduced by the forming and thus at least one yield point R pOi2 of the sheet metal material 2 is increased.
- the middle image in FIG. 6 shows that a circular sheet metal section 25 is cut out of the flat sheet metal material 2 and is formed immediately thereafter.
- This forming includes deep drawing, with a second stamp 18 forming the sheet metal material 2 or the sheet metal section 25 into a cup-like container 1 . This transformation into the cup-like container 1 is carried out before step b) in step a2).
- step a2) the cup-like container 1 is fed to a further forming station, in which the cup-like container 1 is further deformed by deep-drawing and/or ironing and sliding (step e).
- step b) a first punch 10 that can be moved along the axial direction 3 hits the bottom area 5 of the cup-like container 1 and, in step c), pulls the sheet material 2 through a die (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- the bottom area 5 and the wall area 8 of the container 1 are formed at least partially.
- the sheet material 2 is damaged locally in the first area 9, in which the first punch 10 contacts the sheet material 2 for the first time (if no pre-deformation according to step a1) has taken place). and the material thickness 12 is reduced locally.
- this damage e.g. B. further inward in a radial direction 21 (see arrow in the right-hand image of FIG. 6).
- this damaged area can possibly be the subject of further reshaping, so that further damage or even failure of the sheet metal material 2 can occur.
- the locally reduced material thickness 12 is further reduced as part of the further forming, so that a material thickness 12 that is too small for the intended application of the container 1 results or can arise.
- a pretreatment of the first region 9 can result in damage as a result of the contacting of the first stamp 10 being able to be reduced or prevented, and further damage as a result of further forming being able to be at least reduced or completely suppressed.
- this is achieved in that in a step a1) the sheet metal material 2 is at least partially formed in a second region 11, with the second region 11 at least partially or (as shown here) completely encompassing or covering the first region 9.
- a material thickness 12 of the sheet metal material 2 present in this second area 11 is reduced by the forming and thus at least one yield point Rpo ⁇ of the sheet metal material 2 is increased.
- This increase in the yield point and/or the hardening of the sheet metal material 2 achieved by the forming means that the impact of the first punch 10 causes only a smaller deformation of the first area 9 .
- the sheet metal material 2 present in this second region 11 is not further deformed, or only to a lesser extent, due to the hardening in further deformations.
- there is a greatly reduced or even no subsequent flow of the sheet metal material 2 from this second area 11 but only from other areas. This prevents (or largely reduces) a further reduction in the material thickness 12 in this second region 11 .
- the first area 9 is designed in the shape of a circular ring and corresponds to the contact area or the impingement area of the first stamp 10 on the sheet metal material 2 .
- the second area 11 is arranged coaxially to the first area 9 .
- the annular first area 9 is delimited by a (smallest) first inner diameter 14 and a (largest) first outer diameter 15 .
- the ring-shaped or ring-segment-shaped second area 11 is delimited by a (smallest) second inner diameter 16 and a (largest) second outer diameter 17 .
- the second inner diameter 16 is smaller than the first inner diameter 14.
- Each inner diameter 14, 16 is parallel to and coaxial with the outer diameter 15, 17 of the same portion 9, 11. All diameters 14, 15, 16, 17 are arranged coaxially with one another.
- the second outside diameter 17 is larger than the first outside diameter 15.
- step a2) the sheet metal material 2 is contacted with a second die 18 and a subsequent deep-drawing takes place.
- the second punch 18 has a larger outside punch diameter 19 than the first punch 10 .
- FIG. 7 shows the workpiece, the cup-like container 1, according to FIG. 5 and a diagram. Reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS.
- This reshaping into the cup-like container 1 is carried out with the second die 18 before step b) in step a2).
- the distance 33 of the points on the surface of the container 1 along the surface from the central axis 40 of the container 1 is plotted on the horizontal axis of the diagram.
- the material thickness 12 of the container 1 is plotted in millimeters on the vertical axis.
- the material thickness 12 in the bottom area 5 is relatively constant at 242 ⁇ m.
- the material thickness 12 in the bottom area 5 is relatively constant at 242 ⁇ m.
- the material thickness 12 in the area of the outer punch diameter 19 of the second punch 18 there is a minimum material thickness of approximately 235 ⁇ m.
- the part of the sheet metal section 25 that extends along the axial direction 3 has a material thickness 12 that increases along the axial direction 3, here up to approximately 300 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 8 shows the method during step b) and c) in a sectional side view.
- 9 shows the method at the end of step c) in a side view in section.
- Figures 8 and 9 are described together below. Reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS.
- the cup-like container 1 that is present after steps a1), a2) and a3) is placed in a device 29.
- This device 29 comprises a hold-down device 41, a support 42 and a first stamp 10.
- the cup-like container 1 is brought into contact in an annular first area 9 with the first stamp 10 (see also the right-hand image in FIG.
- step c) a subsequent deep-drawing and/or extrusion of the cup-like container 1 to form the bottom area 5 and the wall area 8.
- a first punch 10 which can be moved along the axial direction 3, hits the bottom area 5 of the cup-like container 1 and pulls the sheet material 2 in step c) successively through a die or an opening of the support 42.
- the bottom area 5 and the wall area 8 of the container 1 are formed at least partially.
- the material thickness 12 of the sheet material 2 is locally reduced in the first area 9 in which the first punch 10 contacts the sheet material 2 for the first time.
- step a1) ie the forming of the second region 11, the reduction in the material thickness 12 as a result of the impact of the first punch 10 is now less.
- the bottom region 5 can be further deformed by a third stamp 20 (see FIG. 11 ), which may be immovably arranged , e.g. B. by a further movement of the first punch 10 along the axial direction 3.
- a third area 22 of the sheet metal material 2 arranged opposite a radial direction 21 inside the hollow-cylindrical first punch 10 is formed by the third punch 20 along the axial direction 3 toward the second end 6 (see FIG. 11 ).
- the first stamp 10 is designed as a hollow stamp, the third stamp 20 at the end of step c1) along the axial direction 3 being at least partially in a hollow portion of the first punch 10 enters.
- the third stamp 20 has a convex contact surface opposite the bottom area 5, so that a concave shape is formed in the bottom area 5 as seen from the outside (see FIG. 11 ).
- step d) a further forming of the base area 5 takes place, with a wall section 23 of the third area 22 extending at least along the axial direction 3 in a fourth area 24 in the radial direction 21 is formed on the outside (see Fig. 12).
- FIGS. 10 to 12 illustrate the problems of the prior art. The advantages now achieved are also explained with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12.
- FIG. 10 shows the workpiece immediately before step c1) of the method in a side view in section and a diagram (see also the shape of the bottom area 5 of the container 1 in FIG. 9). Reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS.
- the course of the wall of the container 1 from the central axis 40 is shown on the left-hand side of FIG. 10 . Measuring points are distributed along the wall.
- the measuring points and the distance 33 are shown on the horizontal axis of the diagram.
- the distance 33 designates the distance of a point on the surface of the container 1 from the central axis 40 along the surface of the container 1 .
- the material thickness 12 of the sheet material 2 of the container 1 is shown on the vertical axis.
- the diagram shows three curves 34, 35, 36 of the material thicknesses 12 of the sheet metal material 2 over distances 33 or over the measurement points.
- the first curve 34 connects the maxima of the material thicknesses 12 measured on a plurality of containers 1.
- the second curve 35 connects the mean values of the material thicknesses 12 measured on a plurality of containers 1.
- the third curve 36 connects the minima of the values on a plurality of containers 1 measured material thicknesses 12.
- the curves 34, 35, 36 each have a minimum that is in the range of the measuring points “10” to “12”. These measuring points “10” and “12” are in the annular first area 9, which corresponds to the contact surface or the impingement surface of the first punch 10 on the sheet metal material 2 in step b). In this way, values of the material thickness 12 of up to 222 ⁇ m are achieved.
- These small values of the material thickness 12 can be increased by pretreating the sheet metal material 2 according to step a1) of the method. A second area 11 created in this way then extends over the first area 9 shown here.
- FIG. 11 shows the workpiece immediately after step c1) of the method in a side view in section and a diagram (see also the right-hand image in FIG. 6). Reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS.
- the measuring points and the distance 33 are shown on the horizontal axis of the diagram.
- the distance 33 designates the distance of a point on the surface of the container 1 from the central axis 40 along the surface of the container 1 .
- the material thickness 12 of the sheet material 2 of the container 1 is shown on the vertical axis.
- the diagram shows three curves 34, 35, 36 of the material thicknesses 12 of the sheet metal material 2 over distances 33 or over the measurement points.
- the first curve 34 connects the maxima of the material thicknesses 12 measured on a plurality of containers 1.
- the second curve 35 connects the mean values of the material thicknesses 12 measured on a plurality of containers 1.
- the third curve 36 connects the minima of the values on a plurality of containers 1 measured material thicknesses 12. It can be seen that the curves 34, 35, 36 each have a minimum that is in the range of the measuring points “10” to “12”.
- a third region 22 of the sheet metal material 2 arranged opposite a radial direction 21 inside the hollow-cylindrical first punch 10 is formed by the third punch 20 along the axial direction 3 towards the second end 6 .
- the first punch 10 is designed as a hollow punch, with the third punch 20 at least partially entering a hollow section of the first punch 10 along the axial direction 3 at the end of step c1).
- the first area 9 (and in the case of pretreatment correspondingly the second area 11) becomes in the radial direction
- the first area 9 (or the second area 11; or the measuring points 10, 12 of Fig. 10) along the radial direction 21 between the first punch 9 and the third punch 20 is arranged.
- the first area 9 (or the second area 11 ) is arranged in a wall section 23 of the third area 22 that extends essentially along the axial direction 3 .
- step c1) leads to a further enlargement of the surface of the sheet metal material 2 in the bottom area 5 the material thickness 12 in the bottom area 5 is further reduced (see curves 34, 35, 36 of the diagrams in FIGS. 10 and 11).
- the displacement of the first region 9 into the further formed bottom region 5 and the further reduction in the material thickness 12 resulting from the further forming mean that values of the material thickness 12 of up to 218 ⁇ m are now achieved (i.e. without pretreatment according to step a1)).
- this damage to the first area 9 can therefore be displaced further inwards in a radial direction 21.
- this damaged area 9 can be the subject of further reshaping, here according to step c1), so that further damage or even failure of the material can occur.
- the locally reduced material thickness 12 is further reduced as part of the further forming, resulting in a material thickness 12 that is too small for the intended application of the container 1 .
- the second area 11 (namely the area of the measuring points “10” to “12”) that results from a pretreatment according to step a1) and extends over the first area 9 becomes, as described here, the first area 9 between the first stamp 10 and the third stamp 20 arrange.
- a pretreatment of the first region 9 as part of step a1) can result in damage as a result of the contacting of the first stamp 10 being able to be reduced or prevented, and further damage as a result of further forming being able to be at least reduced or completely suppressed.
- step d) of the method shows the workpiece after step d) of the method in a side view in section.
- step d a further forming of the base area 5 takes place, with a wall section 23 of the third area 22 extending at least along the axial direction 3 in a fourth area 24 in the radial direction 21 is formed outside.
- This additional reshaping is carried out in particular in order to increase the dimensional stability of the base area 5 in relation to high overpressures of a beverage container.
- This fourth area 24 includes the first area 9 and can therefore lead to a material failure of the pre-damaged sheet metal material 2 with a further reduced material thickness 12 .
- the pretreatment of the first area 9 as part of step a1) can result in the fourth area 24 now comprising the pretreated second area 11, so that further damage as a result of further forming can be at least reduced or completely suppressed.
- step a1 This increase in the yield point and/or the hardening of the sheet metal material 2 achieved by the forming as a result of carrying out step a1) means that the impact of the first stamp 10 causes only less deformation of the first region 9. What is also achieved is that the sheet metal material 2 present in this second region 11 is not further deformed, or only to a lesser extent, due to the hardening in further deformations. In particular, during the forming of adjacent areas, the sheet metal material 2 does not flow from this second area 11 but from other areas. This prevents a further reduction in the material thickness 12 in this second area 11 . reference number
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2023005299A MX2023005299A (es) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-05 | Procedimiento de fabricacion de un contenedor metalico. |
US18/252,022 US20230415219A1 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-05 | Method for producing a metal container |
EP21806237.0A EP4240545A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-05 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines metallischen behälters |
CA3197832A CA3197832A1 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-05 | Method for producing a metallic container |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020129484.0 | 2020-11-09 | ||
DE102020129484.0A DE102020129484B4 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Behälters |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022096650A1 true WO2022096650A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 |
Family
ID=78599015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2021/080783 WO2022096650A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-05 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines metallischen behälters |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20230415219A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4240545A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3197832A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020129484B4 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2023005299A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022096650A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4722215A (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1988-02-02 | Metal Box, Plc | Method of forming a one-piece can body having an end reinforcing radius and/or stacking bead |
US4732031A (en) * | 1987-04-20 | 1988-03-22 | Redicon Corporation | Method of forming a deep-drawn and ironed container |
US6122814A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-09-26 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Method for forming a ring with a chamfered section |
US20130037554A1 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-02-14 | Stuart Monro | Can manufacture |
WO2020158355A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | シームレス缶体及びシームレス缶体の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE795263A (fr) | 1972-02-11 | 1973-05-29 | K M Engineering A G | Procede de fabrication sans enlevement de copeaux de recipients en tole d'acier |
AU5856294A (en) | 1993-01-29 | 1994-08-15 | Mn Maschinenbau & Engineering | Process and installation for producing aluminium cans for beverages or foodstuffs |
US5394727A (en) | 1993-08-18 | 1995-03-07 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method of forming a metal container body |
NL1010009C2 (nl) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-07 | Hoogovens Staal Bv | Werkwijze voor de vervaardiging van in hoofdzaak metalen blanks, van busrompen uit zulke blanks, van gevulde en gesloten bussen uit dergelijke busrompen, alsmede een metalen busromp. |
-
2020
- 2020-11-09 DE DE102020129484.0A patent/DE102020129484B4/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-11-05 WO PCT/EP2021/080783 patent/WO2022096650A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-11-05 US US18/252,022 patent/US20230415219A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-05 EP EP21806237.0A patent/EP4240545A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-05 MX MX2023005299A patent/MX2023005299A/es unknown
- 2021-11-05 CA CA3197832A patent/CA3197832A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4722215A (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1988-02-02 | Metal Box, Plc | Method of forming a one-piece can body having an end reinforcing radius and/or stacking bead |
US4732031A (en) * | 1987-04-20 | 1988-03-22 | Redicon Corporation | Method of forming a deep-drawn and ironed container |
US6122814A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-09-26 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Method for forming a ring with a chamfered section |
US20130037554A1 (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-02-14 | Stuart Monro | Can manufacture |
WO2020158355A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | シームレス缶体及びシームレス缶体の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230415219A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
MX2023005299A (es) | 2023-05-25 |
EP4240545A1 (de) | 2023-09-13 |
CA3197832A1 (en) | 2022-05-12 |
DE102020129484B4 (de) | 2024-08-14 |
DE102020129484A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 |
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