WO2022083555A1 - 一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法 - Google Patents

一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022083555A1
WO2022083555A1 PCT/CN2021/124461 CN2021124461W WO2022083555A1 WO 2022083555 A1 WO2022083555 A1 WO 2022083555A1 CN 2021124461 W CN2021124461 W CN 2021124461W WO 2022083555 A1 WO2022083555 A1 WO 2022083555A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cargo
carrying
sorting
unloading
carrying mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/124461
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柳智
翟锦龙
Original Assignee
杭州托华机器人有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202022323926.8U external-priority patent/CN213855749U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011116219.XA external-priority patent/CN112275649B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011116695.1A external-priority patent/CN112371519B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202022324792.1U external-priority patent/CN213792859U/zh
Application filed by 杭州托华机器人有限公司 filed Critical 杭州托华机器人有限公司
Publication of WO2022083555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022083555A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
    • B07C3/02—Apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C3/08—Apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution using arrangements of conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/34—Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor 
    • B65G47/38—Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor  by dumping, tripping, or releasing load carriers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of sorting equipment, in particular to a sorting overturning device, a sorting system and a sorting method.
  • Automatic sorting equipment is widely used in the sorting of parcels and articles in the fields of express delivery, e-commerce and retail.
  • the automatic push-out device removes the packages arriving at the destination out of the sorting line and falls into the existing sorting equipment system of the container at the destination grid.
  • the system is expensive.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sorting and turning tray device, a sorting system and a sorting method, which not only have a simple structure, low construction cost, but also high reliability of the sorting system.
  • a sorting and turning tray device comprising:
  • the base is used for setting on the transmission mechanism
  • a carrying mechanism includes a cargo portion and a rotating shaft portion, the cargo carrying portion is provided with a cargo carrying position, and the center of gravity of the cargo carrying portion and the cargo carrying position are both located on the same side of the rotating shaft portion; the rotating shaft portion It is hinged with the base, so that the carrying mechanism can rotate relative to the base under the self-gravity of the cargo-carrying part, or rotate relative to the base under the common gravity of the cargo-carrying part and the goods it carries;
  • the limiting mechanism is arranged on the side of the rotating shaft part away from the cargo-carrying part, and is used to overcome or release the gravity of the cargo-carrying part, so as to keep the carrying mechanism in the cargo-carrying state or switch to the inclined unloading state.
  • the bearing mechanism is hingedly connected to the base, and the center of gravity of the cargo portion and the center of gravity of the cargo portion and the cargo it carries have deviations from the rotating shaft portion, so that the bearing mechanism can be designed under its own gravity or with the rotating shaft portion. Under the action of the common gravity of the goods, the overturning and unloading are completed, thereby realizing the technical effects of simple structure, low cost and low power consumption. It solves the problem in the prior art that the power device needs to directly act on the bearing mechanism to make the overturning structure complex, thereby realizing the purpose that the bearing mechanism has a simple structure and does not need the direct action of the power device for overturning and unloading.
  • the carrying mechanism has magnetism
  • the limiting mechanism includes an electromagnet
  • the electromagnet is arranged on the base.
  • the electromagnet attracts the carrying mechanism, so that all The carrying mechanism is maintained in the loading state, and when the electromagnet is turned off, the electromagnet releases the carrying mechanism, and the carrying mechanism rotates to the inclined unloading state under the action of gravity.
  • the electromagnet is installed on the base, so that the bearing mechanism can be maintained in a horizontal state by the adsorption force, the electromagnet can move with the base, and remain relatively stationary with the base, always corresponding to the bearing mechanism.
  • the electromagnet can accurately control the bearing mechanism, thereby realizing the purpose of simple structure, low power consumption and high reliability of the sorting and turning device.
  • the rotating shaft portion is located at the bottom of the cargo portion, the rotating shaft portion is L-shaped, one end of the rotating shaft portion is connected with the cargo portion, and the other end is connected with the base through a hinge.
  • a magnetic attraction piece is arranged on the side of the rotating shaft portion close to the electromagnet, and the magnetic attraction piece is used for attracting and engaging with the electromagnet.
  • the base comprises a transmission connection part, a hinge part and an electromagnet fixing part which are connected in sequence, one end of the transmission connection part is used to connect the transmission mechanism, and the other end is connected to the hinge part, and the hinge part is used for connecting the transmission mechanism.
  • the electromagnet is hinged to the rotating shaft part, the electromagnet fixing part is located on the side of the hinge part away from the transmission connecting part, and the electromagnet is detachably arranged on the electromagnet fixing part.
  • the carrying mechanism further comprises a sliding portion, and the sliding portion is arranged on a side of the shaft portion away from the cargo portion;
  • the limiting mechanism includes a limiting piece and a movable baffle, the limiting piece is located above the sliding portion, an edge of the limiting piece is provided with a notch, and the movable baffle is movably arranged at the position. said gap;
  • the movable baffle shields the gap, and exerts a downward force on the sliding portion
  • the movable baffle plate In the inclined unloading state, the movable baffle plate is partially or completely moved out of the notch, the force on the sliding portion is released, and the cargo-carrying portion is rotated under the action of gravity.
  • the limiting mechanism further includes a telescopic assembly and a baffle fixing assembly
  • the telescopic assembly is arranged on the limiting member
  • the telescopic assembly includes a power part and a telescopic part that are connected to each other
  • the baffle is
  • the fixing assembly is arranged on the telescopic part
  • the baffle fixing assembly includes an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate have a certain gap to fix the movable baffle.
  • the buffer mechanism includes an elastic plate and a flexible pad, one end of the elastic plate is arranged on the base, and the flexible pad is arranged at the other end of the elastic plate and located on the Below the cargo carrying portion, and within the rotation range of the cargo carrying portion, in the inclined unloading state, the cargo carrying portion abuts on the surface of the flexible pad.
  • the cargo-carrying portion is a pallet, and a plurality of guide ribs are arranged in the pallet, and the length direction of the guide ribs is perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the bearing mechanism.
  • a sorting system comprising a frame, a transmission mechanism and any one of the above-mentioned sorting and turning over devices;
  • the transmission mechanism includes a power assembly and a transmission chain, the power assembly is installed on the frame and is drive-connected with the transmission chain, and the frame is provided with a loading section and a transmission chain along the movement direction of the transmission chain.
  • the unloading section has a plurality of unloading positions on one side of the unloading section; a plurality of the bearing mechanisms are sequentially arranged above the transmission chain along the movement direction of the transmission chain, and the bearing mechanisms can be directed toward the The unloading position rotates, and the limiting mechanism is arranged on the frame or the base.
  • the bottom of the limiter is provided with a sliding track along the movement direction of the transmission chain;
  • the sliding portion of the carrying mechanism extends under the limiting member and slides along the sliding track;
  • the carrying mechanism can keep the load state through the notch, and when the movable baffle partially or completely moves out of the the notch, the carrying mechanism rotates under the action of gravity and is converted into a tilted unloading state.
  • the sliding part includes a connecting plate, a positioning plate and an avoidance mechanism
  • the connecting plate is connected with the cargo-carrying part and/or the rotating shaft part
  • the positioning plate is arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate and is located on the side of the connecting plate close to the limiting mechanism, extends toward the limiting mechanism, and has an abutting surface corresponding to the movable baffle;
  • the connecting plate and the positioning plate are connected through the avoidance mechanism, wherein,
  • the movable baffle In a natural state, the movable baffle is located directly above the positioning plate;
  • the positioning plate is located outside the moving track of the movable baffle.
  • the positioning plate may be accidentally hit.
  • the positioning plate can be displaced relative to the connecting plate under the action of force, thereby avoiding the direct impact of the positioning plate and causing damage to the bearing mechanism.
  • the avoidance mechanism includes a hinge shaft and a spring ball screw, the connecting plate and the positioning plate are hinged through the hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the bearing mechanism, and the connection
  • the plate is provided with an escape hole, and the spring ball screw is arranged on the positioning plate;
  • the marble of the spring marble screw In the natural state, the marble of the spring marble screw extends into the avoidance hole, and when the positioning plate is hit by an external force, the marble of the spring marble screw exits the avoidance hole, so that all the The positioning plate is rotatable relative to the connecting plate, and the positioning plate is converted from the natural state to the avoidance state.
  • the technical solution further discloses the specific form of the avoidance mechanism.
  • the hinge shaft and the spring marble screw By using the hinge shaft and the spring marble screw, after the positioning plate is impacted by the outside, the marble is pressed back into the spring marble screw, so that the marble moves out of the avoidance hole.
  • the positioning plate can be rotated around the hinge shaft, which greatly reduces the impact degree and enables the entire bearing mechanism to pass through the obstacle parts smoothly.
  • the structure has high safety and strong practicability.
  • a detection section is further provided between the loading section and the unloading section;
  • the detection section is provided with an identification mechanism, the identification mechanism is connected in communication with the limiting mechanism, and the identification mechanism is used for identifying the goods placed by the carrying mechanism to control the limiting mechanism.
  • the transmission chain is arranged around the frame, and a reset section is further provided between the unloading section and the loading section;
  • the reset section is provided with a reset mechanism, and the reset mechanism is used to support the carrying mechanism, so that the carrying mechanism is converted from the inclined unloading state to the cargo loading state.
  • the reset mechanism includes a reset lever
  • the heights of the reset bars are sequentially increased to form a reset track of the cargo portion, so that the cargo portion can be reset under the support of the reset track.
  • the power assembly includes a motor, a power sprocket and a passive sprocket, wherein,
  • the motor is vertically arranged at one end of the inner side of the frame, the rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the power sprocket, the passive chain wheel is rotatably arranged at the other end of the inner side of the frame, and the The transmission chain is wound around the power sprocket and the driven sprocket to form an endless chain.
  • the technical solution further discloses the specific form of the power assembly.
  • the motor By setting the motor vertically, and setting the power sprocket and the passive sprocket at both ends of the frame, the motor directly drives the power sprocket to drive the transmission chain to run, so that the transmission
  • the mechanism structure is simple, the loss is small, the practicability is high, and the later maintenance is convenient.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes a guide rail assembly
  • the guide rail assembly includes a guide rail fixing plate, an inner guide rail and an outer guide rail
  • the guide rail fixing plate is installed on the frame
  • the inner guide rail and the outer guide rail are installed on the frame.
  • the guide rail is installed on the surface of the guide rail fixing plate, and a gap is left between the inner guide rail and the outer guide rail to limit the transmission chain;
  • the surface of the guide rail fixing plate is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped holes, the inner guide rail and/or the outer guide rail are installed on the waist-shaped holes through threaded connectors, and the straight sides of the waist-shaped holes are connected to the waist-shaped holes.
  • the direction of movement of the drive chain is vertical to adjust the clearance.
  • the technical solution further discloses the specific connection form of the guide rail assembly and the transmission chain.
  • the running track of the transmission chain is not limited to make it more stable and without swing.
  • the friction of the drive chain can also be reduced.
  • this structure is simpler, easy to install and disassemble, low in processing difficulty and low in production cost.
  • it also includes a power supply mechanism and a plurality of power supply mechanisms
  • the power supply mechanism includes a plurality of input joints and an annular conductor, the annular conductor is installed above the power sprocket or the passive sprocket, and rotates coaxially with the power sprocket or the passive sprocket, so
  • the input connector can be connected to an external power supply, a plurality of the input connectors are installed on the frame, and respectively have power input contacts corresponding to the ring conductors, and there is sliding friction between the power input contacts and the ring conductors surface for continuous power transmission during the rotation of the ring conductor;
  • the power supply mechanism has power output contacts corresponding to the annular conductors, a plurality of the power supply mechanisms are respectively located between two adjacent bases, a plurality of the power supply mechanisms and a plurality of the limit mechanisms One-to-one electrical connection, and the distance between any two adjacent power supply mechanisms is smaller than the meshing length of the transmission chain and the sprocket where the ring conductor is located, so that at least one of the power supply mechanisms is connected to the ring conductor. connect.
  • a positive conductor ring and a negative conductor ring are arranged axially parallel to the outer side of the annular conductor, and a gap is left between the positive conductor ring and the negative conductor ring;
  • the power input contact includes two contacts, which respectively have sliding friction surfaces with the positive conductor ring and the negative conductor ring;
  • the power output contact includes two contacts, which respectively have sliding friction surfaces with the positive conductor ring and the negative conductor ring.
  • the clearing mechanism includes a first sensor installed on the transmission chain and a second sensor installed on the frame, the first sensor can be With the movement of the transmission chain, the second sensor is arranged on the movement track of the first sensor, and the first sensor or the second sensor is electrically connected to the sorting and turning device.
  • a sorting method for a sorting system including:
  • the carrying mechanism Driven by the transmission mechanism, the carrying mechanism enters the unloading section and moves to the corresponding unloading position;
  • the limiting mechanism releases the acting force on the carrying mechanism, so that the carrying mechanism is inclined toward the unloading position under its own gravity and the gravity of the goods and unloads the goods.
  • the carrying mechanism after the goods are placed on the carrying mechanism in the loading section, before the carrying mechanism enters the unloading section and moves to the corresponding unloading position under the driving of the transmission mechanism, it further includes:
  • the carrying mechanism transports the goods to the detection section to identify the information of the goods, calculates the time or distance for the goods to reach the corresponding unloading position, and sends the unloading signal to the corresponding limit mechanism;
  • the following further includes:
  • the carrying mechanism continues to move and enters the reset section, where the carrying mechanism returns to a horizontal cargo state
  • the carrier mechanism is returned to the loading section to be reloaded with other cargo.
  • the self-gravity of the bearing mechanism or the common gravitational force of the bearing mechanism and the cargo are located on the same side of the rotating shaft portion.
  • the limit mechanism is then used to selectively limit the load-bearing mechanism.
  • the limit mechanism exerts a force on the load-bearing mechanism to keep the load-bearing mechanism in the loaded state; when the load-bearing mechanism needs to be unloaded, the limit The positioning mechanism releases the force on the bearing mechanism, so that the bearing mechanism is turned over and discharged.
  • a buffer mechanism is installed under the bearing mechanism, so that the bearing mechanism is buffered during the process of rotating and unloading, so as to avoid direct impact with the frame or other objects, resulting in equipment damage.
  • the mechanism has a simple structure and high reliability.
  • the bearing mechanism can be kept in a horizontal state under the action of the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is fixed on the base instead of the frame, and moves with the transmission chain, so that the electromagnet can accurately control the bearing mechanism and reduce the control deviation, Further, the purpose of the sorting system is simple in structure, low in power consumption and high in reliability.
  • the positioning plate can be displaced relative to the connecting plate under the action of force, so as to avoid the direct impact of the positioning plate, resulting in damage to the device.
  • the input connector is connected to the external power supply to continuously transmit current for the ring conductor;
  • the limit mechanism is connected to the annular conductor, so as to realize continuous power supply for several limit mechanisms .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting and turning tray device provided in a specific embodiment of the present application in a loaded state;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting and turning tray device provided in a specific embodiment of the present application in a state of inclined unloading;
  • Fig. 4 is the front view of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a carrying mechanism of a sorting and turning tray device according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is the enlarged view of A place in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded schematic view of the bearing mechanism in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the base and the transmission mechanism provided by the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is the partial structural schematic diagram of the limiter provided by the specific embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is the structural schematic diagram after the movable baffle is installed on the basis of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is the structural schematic diagram after installing the tray support on the basis of Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is the structural representation after installing the tray on the basis of Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the baffle fixing assembly and the movable baffle
  • FIG. 14 is a partial schematic diagram of a sorting and turning tray device provided in the second embodiment of the present application in a state of inclined unloading;
  • FIG. 15 is a partial schematic diagram of a sorting and turning tray device in different states according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 15 from a right side perspective
  • FIG. 17 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 14 from another perspective
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a region of a sorting system provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view at E in Figure 18;
  • Figure 20 is a left side view of Figure 18;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting system according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 22 is an enlarged view at F in Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram after the tray is set in Figure 21;
  • Figure 24 is an enlarged view at G in Figure 23;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the partial region in Figure 24;
  • Fig. 26 is the structural representation of input connector
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting system according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 28 is an enlarged view at B in Figure 27;
  • Figure 29 is an enlarged view at C in Figure 27;
  • Figure 30 is a top view of Figure 27;
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view in the direction A-A in Figure 30;
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view in the direction B-B in Figure 30;
  • Figure 33 is an enlarged view at D in Figure 32;
  • FIG. 34 is a front view of FIG. 27 .
  • 70 power supply mechanism; 71, input connector; 711, power input contact; 72, ring conductor; 721, positive conductor ring; 722, negative conductor ring;
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It can be connected in one piece; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • a sorting and turning device as shown in Figures 1 to 4, includes a base 10, a carrying mechanism 20 and a limiting mechanism 30, the base 10 is used to be disposed on the transmission mechanism 40;
  • the carrying mechanism 20 includes a cargo portion 21 and a rotating shaft part 22, the cargo carrying part 21 is provided with a cargo carrying position, the center of gravity and the cargo carrying position of the cargo carrying part 21 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft part 22; It can rotate relative to the base 10 under the action of its own gravity, or rotate relative to the base 10 under the common gravity of the cargo portion 21 and the goods it carries;
  • the limiting mechanism 30 is arranged on the side of the rotating shaft portion 22 away from the cargo portion 21, and is used for Overcoming or releasing the gravity of the loading portion 21, the loading mechanism 20 is kept in the loading state or converted into the inclined unloading state.
  • the function of the base 10 is to connect the carrying mechanism 20 with the transmission mechanism 40 of the sorting system, and the function of the limiting mechanism 30 is to switch between the loading state and the inclined unloading state of the carrying mechanism 20 .
  • the carrying mechanism 20 includes a cargo portion 21 and a rotating shaft portion 22 , and the top surface of the cargo portion 21 has a cargo carrying position for loading cargo.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 exerts a force on the carrying mechanism 20, so that the carrying mechanism 20 overcomes the gravity of itself and the goods and remains in the loaded state.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 releases the load on the carrying mechanism 20.
  • the force makes the carrying mechanism 20 tilt and rotate under the gravity of itself and the goods, and the goods on the cargo portion 21 automatically slide into the corresponding unloading position to complete the unloading, so that the power device does not directly act on the carrying mechanism 20, so that the goods can be released
  • the entire sorting and turning device has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the loading portion 21 can be kept horizontal, or can have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, as long as it can carry the cargo and the cargo will not slip off.
  • the cargo carrying portion 21 In the unloading state, the cargo carrying portion 21 is inclined at a certain angle, the purpose of which is to enable the cargo carried by the carrying mechanism 20 to slide down.
  • the loading portion 21 is a pallet
  • the rotating shaft portion 22 is a pallet rack.
  • the pallet rack is L-shaped and includes a horizontal section 221 and a vertical section 222.
  • the pallet is installed in the horizontal section 221.
  • the cargo portion 21 may also be in other structural forms such as a flat plate.
  • the vertical section 222 is disposed at one end of the horizontal section 221 away from the unloading position, and the vertical section 222 is hinged to the base 10 .
  • the shaft portion 22 is connected with the base 10 through a hinge, the hinge is located just above the base 10 and the transmission chain of the transmission mechanism 40, and the hinge is arranged directly above the base 10 and the transmission chain, so that the base 10 and the transmission chain only bear the load during operation.
  • the downward pressure of the mechanism has no lateral force, which prevents the transmission chain from being rotated by the lateral force, thereby reducing the wear on the transmission chain and the transmission chain track, and increasing the life of the transmission chain.
  • the horizontal section 221 and the vertical section 222 are perpendicular to each other, the vertical section 222 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, the base 10 is fixed on the end of the vertical section 222 away from the horizontal section 221, and the vertical section 222 and the base 10 are detachably connected by hinges .
  • a cargo sliding groove is provided on the surface of the pallet, and a plurality of guiding ribs 211 are arranged in the cargo sliding groove.
  • the length direction of the bearing mechanism 20 is consistent with the turning direction of the carrying mechanism 20 .
  • the carrying mechanism 20 has magnetism.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 includes an electromagnet 31 .
  • the electromagnet 31 is arranged on the base 10 .
  • the electromagnet 31 attracts the carrying mechanism 20 , so that the The carrying mechanism 20 is kept in the loading state, when the electromagnet 31 is turned off, the electromagnet 31 releases the carrying mechanism 20, and the carrying mechanism 20 rotates to the inclined unloading state under the action of gravity.
  • the electromagnet 31 is used to realize the adsorption and release of the carrying mechanism 20, so that the carrying mechanism 20 can be switched between the loading state and the inclined unloading state. There is no need for a complex power mechanism to directly act on the carrying mechanism 20.
  • the entire sorting and turning device has a simple structure. low cost.
  • the cargo-carrying portion 21 of the carrying mechanism 20 can be set to have magnetism
  • the rotating shaft portion 22 of the carrying mechanism 20 can also be set to have magnetism
  • a magnetic attraction member 23 can be set on the rotating shaft portion 22, through the magnetic
  • the suction of the suction member 23 and the electromagnet 31 realizes the limitation of the carrying mechanism 20 in the load-carrying state.
  • the magnetic attraction member 23 can be a plate structure, and the upper surface of the electromagnet 31 is attracted to the lower surface of the magnetic attraction member 23 .
  • FIG. 1 the magnetic attraction member 23 can be a plate structure, and the upper surface of the electromagnet 31 is attracted to the lower surface of the magnetic attraction member 23 .
  • the magnetic element 23 is connected to the pallet rack (rotating shaft portion 22 ) through an L-shaped connecting plate 24 , and a rubber ring 25 is arranged between the magnetic element 23 and the L-shaped connecting plate 24 .
  • the magnetic attraction piece 23 , the L-shaped connecting plate 24 and the rubber ring 25 are respectively provided with through holes located on the same axis, and can be connected by using bolts or screws.
  • the magnetic attraction member 23 is connected with the pallet rack (rotating shaft portion 22 ) through the L-shaped connecting plate 24 , so that the loading portion 21 is more easily turned over during the unloading process, or the loading portion 21 is more easily attracted by the electromagnet 31 .
  • the electromagnet 31 of the limiting mechanism 30 is powered by a power supply mechanism, and the power supply mechanism may be a battery connected with a wire of the electromagnet 31 or other electrical equipment.
  • the base 10 includes a transmission connection part 11 , a hinge part 12 and an electromagnet fixing part 13 connected in sequence.
  • One end of the transmission connection part 11 is provided with a plurality of connection holes 111 , and the connection holes 111 are connected to the hinge part.
  • 12 has a certain distance for connecting the transmission mechanism 40, the other end of the transmission connection part 11 is connected with the hinge part 12, the hinge part 12 is hinged with the rotating shaft part 22, and the fixed part of the electromagnet 31 is located at a part of the hinge part 12 away from the transmission connection part 11.
  • the electromagnet 31 is detachably disposed on the electromagnet fixing portion 13 .
  • the electromagnet 31 and the electromagnet fixing portion 13 can be detachably connected through bolts or snaps.
  • the three-stage structure of the base 10, the transmission connecting part 11 forms a necessary safety distance between the carrying mechanism 20 and the transmission chain, so as to avoid the direct interference between the carrying mechanism 20 and the frame for installing the transmission mechanism 40, and the hinge part 12 provides The hinged position of the rotating shaft portion 22 , and a certain space is formed between the electromagnet fixing portion 13 and the rotating shaft portion 22 , which facilitates the installation of the electromagnet 31 and makes the electromagnet 31 closer to the rotating shaft portion 22 .
  • the limiting mechanism 30 of this embodiment is installed on the base 10.
  • each carrying mechanism 20 corresponds to A limit mechanism 30, when the carrier mechanism 20 is not transferred to the corresponding unloading position, the limit mechanism 30 adsorbs the corresponding carrier mechanism 20 to keep it in the loaded state, and when the carrier mechanism 20 is transferred to the corresponding unloading position, the limit mechanism 30. 30 Release the adsorption on the carrying mechanism 20, so that the carrying mechanism 20 is converted from the loading state to the inclined unloading state to complete the unloading.
  • the sorting and turning tray device further includes a buffer mechanism 50
  • the buffer mechanism 50 includes an elastic plate 51 and a flexible pad 52
  • one end of the elastic plate 51 is arranged on the base 10
  • the flexible pad 52 is arranged on the The other end of the elastic plate 51 is located below the loading portion 21 and is within the rotation range of the loading portion 21 , so that the loading portion 21 abuts on the surface of the flexible pad 52 in the inclined unloading state.
  • one end of the elastic plate 51 is detachably connected to the base 10
  • the other end of the elastic plate 51 is provided with a flexible pad 52 on the side corresponding to the ground of the cargo portion 21 .
  • the flexible pad 52 can also be mounted on the bottom surface of the cargo portion 21 .
  • the carrier mechanism 20 is buffered during the process of rotating and unloading, so as to avoid direct impact with the rack or other objects, resulting in equipment damage.
  • the device has a simple structure and high reliability.
  • a sorting and flipping device as shown in Figures 5 to 17, includes a base 10, a carrying mechanism 20 and a limiting mechanism 30.
  • the structure of the limiting mechanism 30 in this embodiment is different from that in the first embodiment, and other similar parts are here. No longer.
  • the carrying mechanism 20 does not have magnetism.
  • the carrying mechanism 20 further includes a sliding portion 26, and the sliding portion 26 is arranged on the side of the rotating shaft portion 22 away from the cargo-carrying portion 21;
  • the limiting mechanism 30 includes a limiting member 32 and a movable baffle 33 .
  • the limiting member 32 is located above the sliding portion 26 , and the edge of the limiting member 32 is provided with a gap 321 , and the movable baffle 33 It is movably arranged at the notch 321; in the loading state, the movable baffle 33 blocks the notch 321 and exerts a downward force on the sliding portion 26 to overcome the gravity of the bearing mechanism 20 and keep the bearing mechanism 20 in the loading state. In the inclined unloading state, the movable baffle 33 partially or completely moves out of the notch 321, releasing the downward pressure on the sliding part 26, so that the loading part 21 rotates under the action of gravity from the loading state to the inclined unloading state.
  • the sliding part 26 includes a connecting plate 261 , a positioning plate 262 and an escape mechanism 263 .
  • the connecting plate 261 can be connected to the cargo-carrying part 21 and the rotating shaft part 22 at the same time, or only one of them.
  • the positioning plate 262 It is arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate 261 and is located on the side of the connecting plate 261 close to the limit mechanism 30, and extends toward the limit mechanism 30, and has an abutment surface corresponding to the movable baffle 33; the connecting plate 261 and the positioning plate 262 pass through
  • the avoidance mechanism 263 is connected, wherein, in the natural state, the movable baffle 33 is located directly above the positioning plate 262 ; in the avoidance state, the positioning plate 262 is located outside the moving track of the movable baffle 33 .
  • the abutting surface refers to the surface on which the limiting mechanism 30 exerts a force on the carrying mechanism 20 in the loaded state.
  • the avoidance mechanism 263 includes a hinge shaft 2631 and a spring ball screw 2632.
  • the connecting plate 261 and the positioning plate 262 are hinged through the hinge shaft 2631, and the hinge shaft 2631 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the bearing mechanism 20.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 further includes a telescopic assembly 34 and a baffle fixing assembly 35 .
  • the telescopic assembly 34 is arranged on the limiting member 32 , and the telescopic assembly 34 includes a power part and a telescopic part that are connected to each other.
  • the baffle fixing assembly 35 is arranged at the telescopic part, and the baffle fixing assembly 35 includes an upper pressing plate 351 and a lower pressing plate 352 , and the upper pressing plate 351 and the lower pressing plate 352 have a certain gap to fix the movable baffle 33 .
  • the upper pressing plate 351 , the lower pressing plate 352 and the movable baffle 33 are made of UPE (ultra high molecular polyethylene) material to enhance their sliding properties.
  • the telescopic assembly 34 can be a cylinder assembly, a lead screw assembly, an electromagnetic assembly, and the like.
  • the telescopic assembly 34 is an electromagnetic assembly
  • the electromagnetic assembly in the inclined discharge state, the electromagnetic assembly is turned on, the electromagnetic assembly attracts the movable baffle 3, and the movable baffle 33 moves to open the gap 321, that is, the movable baffle 33 is attracted to the outside of the gap 321 by the electromagnetic assembly ;
  • the electromagnetic assembly In the loaded state, the electromagnetic assembly is closed, the movable baffle 33 rebounds to the inside of the gap 321 through an elastic member such as a spring or a torsion spring, and the gap 321 is closed.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 of this embodiment is not installed on the base 10, but is installed on the rack 60 for installing the transmission mechanism 40.
  • the rack 60 is provided with an unloading position, and the gap 321 on the limiting member 32 corresponds to unloading.
  • the transmission mechanism 40 drives the bearing mechanism 20 to move
  • the limiting mechanism 30 does not move with the bearing mechanism 20.
  • the sliding part 26 moves relative to the limiting member 32, and the limiting member 32 is located in the sliding position.
  • the limiter 32 and the movable baffle 33 can limit the sliding part 26, so that the carrying mechanism 20 is kept in a loaded state during the conveying process.
  • the limiter When the carrying mechanism 20 is conveyed to the corresponding unloading position, the limiter The movable baffle 33 corresponding to the notch 321 on the 32 moves out of the notch 321 to release the force on the sliding portion 26 , so that the carrying mechanism 20 rotates and tilts at the corresponding notch 321 to complete the unloading.
  • the sorting and turning device of this embodiment further includes a buffer mechanism 50 , the buffer mechanism 50 includes an elastic plate 51 and a flexible pad 52 , one end of the elastic plate 51 is arranged on the base 10 , and the flexible pad 52 is arranged on the other side of the elastic plate 51 One end is located below the cargo-carrying part 21 , and is within the rotation range of the cargo-carrying part 21 , so that in the inclined unloading state, the cargo-carrying part 21 abuts on the surface of the flexible pad 52 .
  • one end of the elastic plate 51 is detachably connected to the base 10 , and the other end of the elastic plate 51 is provided with a flexible pad 52 on the side corresponding to the ground of the cargo portion 21 .
  • the flexible pad 52 can also be mounted on the bottom surface of the cargo portion 21 . .
  • a sorting system as shown in Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 18 to 26, includes a frame 60, a transmission mechanism 40 and the sorting and turning device of the first embodiment; as shown in Figure 21, the transmission mechanism 40 includes a power Components and transmission chain 41, the power component is installed on the frame 60 and connected to the transmission chain 41.
  • the frame 60 is provided with a loading section 61 and an unloading section 62 along the movement direction of the transmission chain 41, The loading section 61 is used to load the goods on the carrying mechanism 20, and one side of the unloading section 62 has a plurality of unloading positions 621.
  • the unloading positions 621 can be regarded as the destination of the goods and can be used for the classification or sorting of different goods;
  • the bearing mechanism 20 is sequentially arranged above the transmission chain 41 along the movement direction of the transmission chain 41 .
  • the bearing mechanism 20 can rotate toward the unloading position 621 under the action of gravity, and the limiting mechanism 30 is arranged on the base 10 .
  • the plurality of carrying mechanisms 20 are arranged along the transmission direction of the transmission chain 41, and the carrying mechanisms 20 pass through the loading section 61 in the loading state to load the goods.
  • the transmission chain 41 drives the carrying mechanism 20 and the electromagnet 31 of the limiting mechanism 30 to move together, and the electromagnet 31 attracts the carrying mechanism 20 to keep the carrying mechanism 20 in the loaded state during the movement, and the carrying mechanism 20
  • the electromagnet 31 releases the adsorption on the carrying mechanism 20 , so that the carrying mechanism 20 rotates under the action of its own gravity and is converted into an inclined unloading state to complete unloading.
  • the limit mechanism 30 always corresponds to the load-carrying mechanism 20, which not only can accurately control the load-carrying mechanism
  • the mechanism 20 has the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption and high reliability.
  • the rotating shaft portion 22 is located above the transmission chain 41 , the cargo portion 21 is suspended on the edge of the rack 60 , and the unloading position 621 is located outside the rack 60 .
  • the power assembly includes a motor 42, a power sprocket 43 and a passive sprocket 44, wherein the motor 42 is vertically arranged at one end inside the frame 60, and the rotating shaft of the motor 42 is connected to the power
  • the sprocket 43 is fixedly connected
  • the passive sprocket 44 is rotatably arranged on the other end of the inner side of the frame 60
  • the transmission chain 41 is wound around the power sprocket 43 and the passive sprocket 44 to form an endless chain
  • the transmission chain 41 is connected to the power chain 41 respectively.
  • the sprocket 43 is meshed with the driven sprocket 44 .
  • the transmission mechanism 40 also includes a guide rail assembly.
  • the guide rail assembly includes a guide rail fixing plate 45, an inner guide rail 46 and an outer guide rail 47.
  • the guide rail fixing plate 45 is installed on the frame 60, and the inner guide rail 46 and the outer guide rail 47 are installed. It is arranged on the surface of the guide rail fixing plate 45, and there is a gap between the inner guide rail 46 and the outer guide rail 47 to limit the transmission chain 41; the surface of the guide rail fixing plate 45 is provided with a number of waist-shaped holes, and the inner guide rail 46 and/or the outer guide rail 47. It is installed on the waist-shaped hole through a screw connection, and the straight side of the waist-shaped hole is perpendicular to the movement direction of the transmission chain 41 to adjust the gap.
  • the sorting system also includes a power supply mechanism 70, as shown in Figures 21 to 24, the power supply mechanism 70 includes a plurality of input connectors 71 and a ring conductor 72, and the ring conductor 72 is installed above the power sprocket 43 or the passive sprocket 44, and is connected with the power sprocket 43.
  • the power sprocket 43 or the passive sprocket 44 rotates coaxially, and the input connector 71 can be connected to an external power supply.
  • a plurality of input connectors 71 are installed on the frame 60 and respectively have power input contacts 711 corresponding to the annular conductors 72. There is a sliding friction surface between the input contact 711 and the ring conductor 72 to continuously transmit electricity during the rotation of the ring conductor 72 .
  • the schematic diagram of the structure of the input joint 71 is shown in FIG. 26 .
  • the power supply mechanism 80 of the limit mechanism 30 is arranged above the transmission chain 41.
  • the power supply mechanism 80 has a power output contact 81 corresponding to the annular conductor 72, and a plurality of power supply mechanisms 80 are respectively located between two adjacent bases 10.
  • the power supply mechanism 80 is electrically connected to the plurality of limit mechanisms 30 in one-to-one correspondence, and the distance between any two adjacent power supply mechanisms 80 is smaller than the meshing length of the sprocket where the transmission chain 41 and the ring conductor 72 are located, so that at least one power supply mechanism 80 is conductively connected to the ring conductor 72 .
  • the input connector 71 is connected to the external power supply, and continuously transmits current to the ring conductor 72 ;
  • the input connector 71 is connected to the external power supply, and continuously transmits current to the ring conductor 72 ;
  • the limit mechanism 30 is continuously powered.
  • a positive conductor ring 721 and a negative conductor ring 722 are arranged axially on the outer side of the annular conductor 72 in parallel, and a gap is left between the positive conductor ring 721 and the negative conductor ring 722 , wherein the power input contact 711 includes two contacts There are sliding friction surfaces between the positive conductor ring 721 and the negative conductor ring 722, respectively. And/or, the power output contact 81 includes two contacts, which have sliding friction surfaces with the positive conductor ring 721 and the negative conductor ring 722 respectively.
  • the transmission chain 41 is arranged in a closed loop around the frame 60.
  • a reset section 63 is provided after the unloading section 62 and before the cargo section 61.
  • the reset mechanism includes a reset lever 631; the reset lever 631 is arranged below the cargo portion 21, and the reset lever 631 extends along the movement direction of the transmission chain 41.
  • the height of the reset lever 631 increases sequentially A reset track of the cargo portion 21 is formed, so that the cargo portion 21 can be reset under the support of the reset track.
  • the reset track is set from low to high, and is located below the cargo portion 21.
  • the surface forms a sliding surface for the cargo portion 21, so that the cargo portion 21 can be reset under the support of the reset track.
  • the cargo portion 21 slides to When the highest position of the track is reset, it returns to the loaded state.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 absorbs the carrying mechanism 20 to keep the carrying mechanism 20 in the loaded state.
  • the detection section 64 is provided with an identification mechanism 641, and the identification mechanism 641 is communicatively connected with the limit mechanism 30, and the identification mechanism 641 uses It is used to identify the goods placed by the carrying mechanism 20 to control the limiting mechanism 30 .
  • the identification mechanism 641 may be a camera or an infrared detection device or the like.
  • the sorting system further includes a clearing mechanism 90 , and the clearing mechanism 90 includes a first sensor 91 installed on the transmission chain 41 and a second sensor 92 installed on the rack 60 .
  • the first sensor 91 can move with the transmission chain 41
  • the second sensor 92 is arranged on the movement track of the first sensor 91
  • the first sensor 91 or the second sensor 92 is electrically connected to the sorting and turning device.
  • the first inductor 91 is provided with a magnet
  • the second inductor 92 is provided with a reed switch.
  • the frame 60 is composed of metal rods and sheet metal welding or threaded connections, and the loading section 61 , the detection section 64 , the reset section 63 and the unloading section 62 only represent the functional scope area, as shown in FIG. 30 . , the area other than the unloading section 62 is indicated using a dashed box.
  • the goods are first placed on the carrying mechanism 20 manually or automatically, and then the transmission chain 41 is driven to move by the power mechanism, so that the transmission chain 41 drives the carrying mechanism 20 from the loading section 61 to the detection section 64 and conveys To the unloading section 62, the probe detects the cargo identity code or two-dimensional code through the detection section 64.
  • the electromagnet 31 of the limiting mechanism 30 stops adsorbing the carrying mechanism 20.
  • the carrying mechanism 20 is turned over toward the unloading position 621 for unloading, and at the same time, other carrying mechanisms 20 continue to transport and unload other goods to realize the sorting of different goods.
  • This embodiment also provides a sorting method for a sorting system, including:
  • the limiting mechanism 30 releases the force on the carrying mechanism 20 , so that the carrying mechanism 20 is inclined toward the unloading position 621 under its own gravity and the gravity of the cargo, and unloads the cargo.
  • step S100 and before step S200 it further includes:
  • the carrier mechanism 20 transports the goods to the detection section 64 to identify the information of the goods, calculates the time or distance for the goods to reach the corresponding unloading position 621, and sends a discharge signal to the corresponding limit mechanism 30;
  • step S300 it also includes:
  • the carrying mechanism 20 continues to move and enters the reset section 63, and in the reset section 63, the carrying mechanism 20 returns to the horizontal cargo state;
  • the carrier mechanism 20 is returned to the loading section 61 to be reloaded with other cargo.
  • a sorting system as shown in Figures 5 to 17 and Figures 27 to 34, includes a rack 60, a transmission mechanism 40, and the sorting and flipping device of the second embodiment.
  • the rack 60 and the transmission mechanism 40 are the same as those of the third embodiment.
  • the structure is the same in , and will not be repeated here.
  • the limiting mechanism 30 is disposed on the frame 60 , and the limiting mechanism 30 does not move together with the carrying mechanism 20 .
  • the limiting mechanism 30 includes a limiting member 32 and a movable baffle 33 .
  • the limiting member 32 is arranged inside the transmission chain 41 .
  • a plurality of notches 321 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of unloading positions 621 , the bottom of the limiting member 32 is provided with a sliding track along the movement direction of the transmission chain 41 ; the sliding portion 26 of the bearing mechanism 20 extends into the limiting position
  • the sliding part 26 slides to the notch 321, when the movable baffle 33 covers the notch 321, the carrying mechanism 20 can keep the load state through the notch 321, when the movable baffle 33 is partially or completely
  • the carrying mechanism 20 rotates under the action of gravity and is converted into the inclined unloading state.
  • the movable baffle 33 can be driven and moved by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electromagnet or the like.
  • the limiting member 32 can be a plate installed on the upper end of the frame 60 , and a plurality of notches 321 are provided on the edge of the plate, and no notches are provided on the limiting member 32 when the carrying mechanism 20 moves
  • the limiting member 32 exerts downward pressure on the carrying mechanism 20, so that the carrying mechanism 20 is kept in the loaded state.
  • 33 exerts downward pressure on the carrying mechanism 20 to keep the carrying mechanism 20 in a loaded state. If unloading is required, the movable baffle 33 moves out of the gap 321, and the carrying mechanism 20 rotates to the unloading position 621 under the action of gravity to complete unloading.
  • the limiting member 32 can also be a slide rail installed on the upper end of the rack 60, and the edge of the sliding rail is provided with a plurality of notches 321.
  • the limiting member 32 can also be in other different forms.
  • the main functions of the limiting member 32 are: first, to form the slide rail of the sliding portion 26, so that the carrying mechanism 20 can keep the load state and slide along the slide rail; When the carrying mechanism 20 transports the goods to the corresponding unloading position 621, the movable baffle 33 leaves the gap 321, so that the sliding portion 26 is turned upward under the gravity of the cargo portion 21, and at the same time, the cargo portion 21 goes down Turn over and dump the goods on the corresponding unloading position 621 .
  • the transmission mechanism 40 of this embodiment further includes a detection section 64 and a reset section 63 .
  • the loading section 61 , the detection section 64 , the unloading section 62 and the reset section 63 are in sequence along the movement direction of the transmission chain 41 .
  • the head-to-tail connection that is, the head end of the loading section 61 is connected to the end of the reset section 63, and the structures of the detection section 64 and the reset section 63 are the same as those in the third embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the sliding part 26 includes a connecting plate 261, a positioning plate 262 and an avoidance mechanism 263.
  • the connecting plate 261 can be connected to the cargo-carrying part 21 and the rotating shaft part 22 at the same time, or only one of them.
  • the positioning plate 262 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate 261 and is located on the side of the connecting plate 261 close to the limiting mechanism 30, and extends toward the limiting mechanism 30, and has an abutment surface corresponding to the movable baffle 33;
  • the plates 262 are connected by an avoidance mechanism 263, wherein, in the natural state, the movable baffle 33 is located directly above the positioning plate 262; in the avoidance state, the positioning plate 262 is located outside the moving track of the movable baffle 33.
  • the abutting surface refers to the surface on which the limiting mechanism 30 exerts a force on the carrying mechanism 20 in the loaded state.
  • the carrying mechanism 20 will move with the transmission chain 41.
  • the transmission chain 41 continues to move when the carrying mechanism 20 is not completely converted to the inclined unloading state, at this time, the carrying mechanism 20 only rotates for a certain amount of time.
  • the angle is not completely converted to the inclined unloading state, the positioning plate 262 is still located in the notch 321 , and has not been turned over to the outside of the notch 321 .
  • the avoidance mechanism 263 by setting the avoidance mechanism 263 , the positioning plate 262 can be displaced relative to the connecting plate 261 under the action of force, so as to avoid direct impact of the positioning plate 262 and damage to the bearing mechanism 20 .
  • the positioning plate 262 needs to be reset manually after the accidental impact occurs, otherwise the carrying mechanism 20 cannot continue sorting, but the rotation of the positioning plate 262 can avoid serious damage to the carrying mechanism 20 or failure of shutdown.
  • the avoidance mechanism 263 includes a hinge shaft 2631 and a spring ball screw 2632.
  • the connecting plate 261 and the positioning plate 262 are hinged through the hinge shaft 2631, and the hinge shaft 2631 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the bearing mechanism 20.
  • the marble of the spring marble screw 2632 is located in the avoidance hole, the positioning plate 262 and the connecting plate 261 cannot rotate relative to each other, and the marble and the avoidance hole have an interaction surface, so that the marble rotates relative to the connecting plate 261 and the positioning plate 261.
  • the positioning plate 262 and the connecting plate 261 are only connected by a hinge shaft at this time, and the positioning plate 262 can rotate relative to the connecting plate 261 .
  • connection plate 261 and the positioning plate 262 can be forced to rotate relative to each other only under the condition of a certain force by using the spring marble screws 2632 to cooperate with the connecting plate 261 and the positioning plate 262. Therefore, during the movement of the positioning plate 262, no obstacles can be maintained along the natural state, and the technical effect of hitting the obstacles can be rotated and avoided. Therefore, elastic mechanisms such as springs and torsion springs in the prior art that can replace the spring ball screw 2632 are all within the protection scope of this patent.
  • This embodiment also provides a sorting method for a sorting system, including:
  • the limiting mechanism 30 releases the force on the carrying mechanism 20 , so that the carrying mechanism 20 is inclined toward the unloading position 621 under its own gravity and the gravity of the cargo, and unloads the cargo.
  • step S100 and before step S200 it further includes:
  • the carrier mechanism 20 transports the goods to the detection section 64 to identify the information of the goods, calculates the time or distance for the goods to reach the corresponding unloading position 621, and sends a discharge signal to the corresponding limit mechanism 30;
  • step S300 it also includes:
  • the carrying mechanism 20 continues to move and enters the reset section 63, and in the reset section 63 the carrying mechanism 20 returns to the horizontal cargo state;
  • the carrier mechanism 20 is returned to the loading section 61 to be reloaded with other cargo.
  • the sorting system is provided with a sensor to detect the travel distance of the transmission chain 41 and the tray, and a clearing board is provided.
  • the clearing board passes through a sensor once, which can drive the transmission
  • the travel distance of the chain 41 and the pallet is cleared once to avoid accumulating errors.
  • the sorting system can work continuously and uninterruptedly; the structure is simple, the low cost, the method is simple and direct, the operation is stable, and the simultaneous delivery of non-same grid ports can be realized.
  • the carrier mechanism 20 is turned over and unloaded, the carrier mechanism 20 continues to move, and at the same time, the movable baffle 33 is immediately reset, so that the other carrier mechanisms 20 can pass through normally.

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Abstract

一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法，其中，分拣翻盘装置包括底座（10）、承载机构（20）和限位机构（30），底座（10）用于设置在传动机构（40）上；承载机构（20）包括载货部（21）和转轴部（22），载货部（21）上设有货物承载位，载货部（21）的重心和货物承载位均位于转轴部（22）的同一侧；转轴部（22）与底座（10）铰接，使承载机构（20）在载货部（21）的自身重力作用下可相对底座（10）旋转，或在载货部（21）与其承载货物的共同重力作用下相对底座（10）旋转；限位机构（30）设置于转轴部（22）远离载货部（21）的一侧，用于克服或释放载货部（21）的重力，使承载机构（20）保持在载货状态或转换为倾斜卸货状态。

Description

一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法 技术领域
本发明涉及分拣设备技术领域，尤指一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法。
背景技术
快递、电商和零售等商品流通领域的包裹和物品在分拣中广泛应用了自动化分拣设备，分拣设备系统的基本动作是使包裹沿分拣线体行进，包裹到达去往目的地的格口时，自动推出装置将到达目的地的包裹剔除出分拣线体并落入目的地格口的容器已有的分拣设备系统中，投包的机构往往带有电机等动力组件，造成系统造价高昂。
因此，能否设计一种结构简单，造价低、可靠性高的分拣系统或分拣设备，是本专利想要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种分拣翻盘装置、分拣系统及分拣方法，不仅分拣系统结构简单，造价低，而且可靠性高。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种分拣翻盘装置，包括：
底座，用于设置在传动机构上；
承载机构，包括载货部和转轴部，所述载货部上设有货物承载位，所述载货部的重心和所述货物承载位均位于所述转轴部的同一侧；所述转轴部与所述底座铰接，使所述承载机构在所述载货部的自身重力作用下可相对所述底座旋转，或在所述载货部与其承载货物的共同重力作用下相对所述底座旋转；
限位机构，设置于所述转轴部远离所述载货部的一侧，用于克服或释放所述载货部的重力，使所述承载机构保持在载货状态或转换为倾斜卸货状态。
本技术方案中，通过将承载机构与底座铰接连接，并且载货部的重心以及载货部与其承载货物的重心均与转轴部之间存在偏差，这样设计可以使承载机构在其自身重力或与货物的共同重力作用下完成翻转卸货，进而实现了结构简单、造价低、功耗小的技术效果。解决了现有技术中，需要利用动力装置直接作用于承载机构使其翻转结构复杂的问题，进而实现了该承载机构结构简单，翻转卸货不需要动力装置直接作用的目的。
进一步优选地，所述承载机构具有磁性，所述限位机构包括电磁铁，所述电磁铁设置在所述底座上，开启所述电磁铁时，所述电磁铁吸附所述承载机构，使所述承载机构保持在所述载货状态，关闭所述电磁铁时，所述电磁铁松开所述承载机构，所述承载机构在重力作用下旋转至所述倾斜卸货状态。
本技术方案中，利用在底座上装设电磁铁，使承载机构可以受到吸附力保持在水平状态，电磁铁可随底座一起移动，并与底座保持相对静止，始终与承载机构相对应。使电磁铁可以准确控制承载机构，进而实现了该分拣翻盘装置结构简单，功耗小，可靠性高的目的。
进一步优选地，所述转轴部位于所述载货部底部，所述转轴部为L形，所述转轴部的一端与所述载货部连接，另一端与所述底座通过铰链连接，所述转轴部靠近所述电磁铁的一侧设置磁吸件，所述磁吸件用于与所述电磁铁相吸合。
进一步优选地，所述底座包括依次连接的传动连接部、铰接部和电磁铁固定部，所述传动连接部的一端用于连接所述传动机构，另一端与所述铰接部连接，所述铰接部与所述转轴部铰接，所述电磁铁固定部位于所述铰接部远离所述传动连接部的一侧，所述电磁铁可拆卸地设置于所述电磁铁固定部。
进一步优选地，所述承载机构还包括滑移部，所述滑移部设置在所述转 轴部远离所述载货部的一侧；
所述限位机构包括限位件和活动挡板，所述限位件位于所述滑移部的上方，所述限位件的边缘设有缺口，所述活动挡板可移动地设置在所述缺口处；
在所述载货状态，所述活动挡板遮挡所述缺口，对所述滑移部施加向下的作用力；
在所述倾斜卸货状态，所述活动挡板部分或全部移出所述缺口，解除对所述滑移部的作用力，使所述载货部在重力作用下旋转。
进一步优选地，所述限位机构还包括伸缩组件和挡板固定组件，所述伸缩组件设置在所述限位件上，所述伸缩组件包括相互连接的动力部和伸缩部，所述挡板固定组件设置在所述伸缩部，所述挡板固定组件包括上压板和下压板，所述上压板和所述下压板具有一定间隙以固定所述活动挡板。
进一步优选地，还包括缓冲机构，所述缓冲机构包括弹性板和柔性垫，所述弹性板的一端设置在所述底座上，所述柔性垫设置在所述弹性板的另一端并位于所述载货部的下方，且在所述载货部的旋转范围内，使得在所述倾斜卸货状态，所述载货部抵靠在所述柔性垫表面。
进一步优选地，所述载货部为托盘，所述托盘内设有若干导滑筋，所述导滑筋的长度方向与所述承载机构的旋转轴线方向垂直。
另一方面，还提供一种分拣系统，包括机架、传动机构和上述任一所述的分拣翻盘装置；
所述传动机构包括动力组件和传动链，所述动力组件装设在所述机架上并与所述传动链传动连接，所述机架沿所述传动链的运动方向设有装货段和卸货段，所述卸货段一侧具有多个卸货位；多个所述承载机构沿所述传动链的运动方向依次设置在所述传动链的上方，所述承载机构在重力作用下可朝向所述卸货位旋转，所述限位机构设置在所述机架或所述底座上。
进一步优选地，所述限位机构的限位件的边缘与所述传动链具有间隙且 沿所述传动链的运动方向间隔设有多个缺口，多个所述缺口与多个所述卸货位一一对应设置，所述限位件的底部沿所述传动链的运动方向设有滑移轨道；
所述承载机构的滑移部伸入所述限位件下方并沿所述滑移轨道滑动；
所述滑移部滑动到所述缺口处时，当所述活动挡板遮挡所述缺口，所述承载机构可保持载货状态通过所述缺口，当所述活动挡板部分或全部移出所述缺口，所述承载机构在重力作用下旋转并转换为倾斜卸货状态。
进一步优选地，所述滑移部包括连接板、定位板和避让机构，所述连接板与所述载货部和/或所述转轴部连接，所述定位板设置在所述连接板的底部且位于所述连接板靠近所述限位机构的一侧，并朝向所述限位机构延伸，具有与所述活动挡板相对应的抵靠面；
所述连接板与所述定位板通过所述避让机构连接，其中，
自然状态下，所述活动挡板位于所述定位板的正上方；
避让状态下，所述定位板位于所述活动挡板的移动轨迹外。
在实际应用中，在承载机构运输货物的过程中，可能出现定位板意外受到撞击的情况。通过利用连接板与定位板的分体设计，并通过避让机构连接，使定位板在受力作用下可相对连接板发生位移，从而避免定位板的直接撞击，导致承载机构损坏。
进一步优选地，所述避让机构包括铰接轴和弹簧弹珠螺钉，所述连接板与所述定位板通过所述铰接轴铰接，所述铰接轴与所述承载机构的旋转轴垂直，所述连接板上设有避让孔，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉设置在所述定位板上；
在所述自然状态下，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉的弹珠伸入所述避让孔内，所述定位板受外力撞击时，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉的弹珠退出所述避让孔，使所述定位板相对所述连接板可转动，所述定位板由所述自然状态转换为避让状态。
本技术方案进一步公开了避让机构的具体形式，通过使用铰接轴与弹簧弹珠螺钉，使定位板受到外部撞击后，弹珠被压回至弹簧弹珠螺钉内，从而使弹 珠移出避让孔，使定位板可围绕铰接轴旋转，极大减小了撞击程度，达到让整个承载机构顺利通过障碍部件。本结构安全性高，实用性强。
进一步优选地，所述装货段与所述卸货段之间还设有检测段；
所述检测段设置有识别机构，所述识别机构与所述限位机构通讯连接，所述识别机构用于识别所述承载机构放置的货物，以控制所述限位机构。
进一步优选地，所述传动链环绕所述机架设置，所述卸货段与所述装货段之间还设有复位段；
所述复位段设置有复位机构，所述复位机构用于支撑所述承载机构，使所述承载机构由所述倾斜卸货状态转换为载货状态。
进一步优选地，所述复位机构包括复位杆；
在所述复位段，所述复位杆的高度依次升高形成所述载货部的复位轨道，以使所述载货部在所述复位轨道支撑作用下进行复位。
进一步优选地，所述动力组件包括电机、动力链轮和被动链轮，其中，
所述电机竖直设置在所述机架内侧的一端，所述电机的转轴与所述动力链轮固定连接，所述被动链轮可旋转地设置在所述机架内侧的另一端，所述传动链绕设在所述动力链轮和所述被动链轮上形成环形链。
本技术方案进一步公开了动力组件的具体形式，通过竖直设置电机，并且在机架内部两端分别设置动力链轮和被动链轮，由电机直接驱动动力链轮带动传动链运行，使该传动机构结构简单，损耗小，实用性高，便于后期维修。
进一步优选地，所述传动机构还包括导轨组件，所述导轨组件包括导轨固定板、内导轨和外导轨，所述导轨固定板装设在所述机架上，所述内导轨和所述外导轨装设在所述导轨固定板表面，且所述内导轨和所述外导轨之间留有间隙，用于限制所述传动链；
所述导轨固定板表面设置有若干腰形孔，所述内导轨和/或所述外导轨通过螺纹连接件装设在所述腰形孔上，且所述腰形孔的直边与所述传动链的运动方 向垂直，以调节所述间隙。
本技术方案进一步公开了导轨组件与传动链的具体连接形式，通过设置间隙可调的内导轨和外导轨，不仅限位传动链的运行轨迹，使之更平稳无摆动。也可以减小传动链的摩擦力。此结构相对于现有技术中的链条限位方式，更加简单，容易安装和拆卸，加工难度低，生产成本低。
进一步优选地，还包括电源机构和多个供电机构；
所述电源机构包括若干输入接头和环形导体，所述环形导体装设在所述动力链轮或所述被动链轮上方，且与所述动力链轮或所述被动链轮同轴旋转，所述输入接头可与外部电源连接，若干所述输入接头装设在所述机架上，分别具有与环形导体相对应的电源输入触点，电源输入触点与所述环形导体之间具有滑动摩擦面，以在所述环形导体旋转过程中持续输电；
所述供电机构具有与所述环形导体相对应的电源输出触点，多个所述供电机构分别位于相邻两个所述底座之间，多个所述供电机构与多个所述限位机构一一对应电连接，且任一相邻两个所述供电机构之间的距离小于传动链与所述环形导体所在链轮的啮合长度，使至少有一所述供电机构与所述环形导体导通连接。
进一步优选地，所述环形导体外侧轴向平行设置有正极导体环和负极导体环，所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间留有间隙；其中，
所述电源输入触点包括两触点，分别与所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间具有滑动摩擦面；
和/或；
所述电源输出触点包括两触点，分别与所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间具有滑动摩擦面。
进一步优选地，还包括清零机构，所述清零机构包括装设在所述传动链上的第一感应器和装设在所述机架上的第二感应器，所述第一感应器可随所述 传动链运动，所述第二感应器设置在所述第一感应器的运动轨迹上，所述第一感应器或所述第二感应器与所述分拣翻盘装置电连接。
又一方面，还提供一种分拣系统的分拣方法，包括：
在装货段将货物放置在承载机构上；
在传动机构的驱动下，所述承载机构进入卸货段，并移动到对应的卸货位；
限位机构解除对所述承载机构的作用力，使所述承载机构在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位倾斜并进行卸货。
进一步优选地，在所述在装货段将货物放置在承载机构上之后，所述在传动机构的驱动下，所述承载机构进入卸货段，并移动到对应的卸货位之前还包括：
所述承载机构运输所述货物至检测段识别所述货物的信息，计算所述货物到达对应卸货位的时间或距离，并发送卸货信号至对应的限位机构；
和/或：
所述限位机构解除对所述承载机构的作用力，使所述承载机构在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位倾斜并进行卸货之后还包括：
所述承载机构继续移动，进入复位段，在所述复位段所述承载机构恢复至水平载货状态；
所述承载机构返回至所述装货段，重新装载其它货物。
本发明的技术效果在于：
(1)通过将承载机构的转轴部固定在载货部的一侧，使承载机构自身重力或者承载机构与货物的共同重力均位于转轴部的相同侧。再利用限位机构对承载机构进行选择性限位，当承载机构不需要卸料时，限位机构对承载机构施加作用力使承载机构保持在载货状态；当承载机构需要卸料时，限位机构解除对承载机构的作用力，使承载机构翻转卸料。解决了现有技术中，需要利用动力装置直接作用于承载机构使其翻转结构复杂的问题，进而实现了该承载机构 结构简单，翻转卸货不需要动力装置直接作用的目的。
(2)在承载机构下方装设缓冲机构，使承载机构在旋转卸货的过程中受到缓冲作用，避免直接与机架或其它物体直接撞击，造成设备损坏，该机构结构简单，可靠性高。
(3)通过将载货部与滑移部分别设置在转轴部的两侧，且使载货部朝向卸货位的一侧设置，进而解决了承载机构的翻转问题，实现了承载机构可由自身的重力，或承载机构与其所承载的货物的共同重力带动承载机构旋转或翻转的技术效果。
(4)通过在载货部表面设置导滑筋，既能够减小在卸货过程中货物底面与载货部表面的摩擦力，也能够防止货物在载货部两侧掉落。
(5)承载机构可在电磁铁的作用下保持在水平状态，而电磁铁固定在底座而非机架上，随传动链一起运动，使电磁铁可以准确的控制承载机构，减小控制偏差，进而实现了该分拣系统结构简单，功耗小，可靠性高的目的。
(6)通过在装货段和卸货段之间设置检测段，通过识别机构与限位机构的通讯连接，解决了承载机构运输不同的货物时，需要在各自指定的卸货位进行卸货的问题。从而实现了承载机构的自动化卸货，提升分拣效率、增加系统实用性。
(7)通过利用连接板与定位板的分体设计，并通过避让机构连接，使定位板在受力作用下可相对连接板发生位移，从而避免定位板的直接撞击，导致装置损坏。
(8)通过装设环形导体，一方面，输入接头与外部电源连接，持续为环形导体传输电流，另一方面，供电机构通过电源输出触点与环形导体连接为磁吸装置输出电流。此外，通过在传动链上装设多个供电机构，并且与限位机构电连接，使分拣设备在运行过程中，至少有一个供电机构与环形导体导通，实现为若干限位机构的持续供电。
(9)利用传动链的动力使承载机构沿复位轨道自动复位，节省能源。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明：
图1是本申请具体实施例一提供的一种分拣翻盘装置在载货状态的结构示意图；
图2是图1的另一视角的结构示意图；
图3是本申请具体实施例一提供的一种分拣翻盘装置在倾斜卸货状态的结构示意图；
图4是图3的主视图；
图5是本申请具体实施例二提供的一种分拣翻盘装置的承载机构的结构示意图；
图6是图5中A处的放大图；
图7是图5中承载机构的分解示意图；
图8是本申请具体实施例二提供的底座与传动机构的连接结构示意图；
图9是本申请具体实施例二提供的限位件的局部结构示意图；
图10是在图9的基础上装设活动挡板后的结构示意图；
图11是在图10的基础上装设托盘支架后的结构示意图；
图12是在图11的基础上装设托盘后的结构示意图；
图13是挡板固定组件与活动挡板的连接结构示意图；
图14是本申请具体实施例二提供的一种分拣翻盘装置在倾斜卸货状态下的局部示意图；
图15是本申请具体实施例二提供的一种分拣翻盘装置在不同状态下的局部示意图；
图16是图15在右侧视角的局部示意图；
图17是图14在另一视角的局部示意图；
图18是本申请具体实施例三提供的一种分拣系统的区域示意图；
图19是图18中E处的放大图；
图20是图18的左视图；
图21是本申请具体实施例三提供的一种分拣系统的结构示意图；
图22是图21中F处的放大图；
图23是图21中设置托盘后的结构示意图；
图24是图23中G处的放大图；
图25是图24中的部分区域的局部结构示意图；
图26是输入接头的结构示意图；
图27是本申请具体实施例四提供的一种分拣系统的结构示意图；
图28是图27中B处的放大图；
图29是图27中C处的放大图；
图30是图27的俯视图；
图31是图30中A-A方向的剖视图；
图32是图30中B-B方向的剖视图；
图33是图32中D处的放大图；
图34是图27的主视图。
附图标号说明：
10、底座；11、传动连接部；111、连接孔；12、铰接部；13、电磁铁固定部；
20、承载机构；21、载货部；211、导滑筋；22、转轴部；221、水平段；222、竖直段；23、磁吸件；24、L形连接板；25、橡胶圈；26、滑移部；261、连接板；262、定位板；263、避让机构；2631、铰接轴；2632、弹簧弹 珠螺钉；
30、限位机构；31、电磁铁；32、限位件；321、缺口；33、活动挡板；34、伸缩组件；35、挡板固定组件；351、上压板；352、下压板；
40、传动机构；41、传动链；42、电机；43、动力链轮；44、被动链轮；45、导轨固定板；46、内导轨；47、外导轨；
50、缓冲机构；51、弹性板；52、柔性垫；
60、机架；61、装货段；62、卸货段；621、卸货位；63、复位段；631、复位杆；64、检测段；641、识别机构；
70、电源机构；71、输入接头；711、电源输入触点；72、环形导体；721、正极导体环；722、负极导体环；
80、供电机构；81、电源输出触点；
90、清零机构；91、第一感应器；92、第二感应器。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
为使图面简洁，各图中只示意性地表示出了与本发明相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。另外，以使图面简洁便于理解，在有些图中具有相同结构或功能的部件，仅示意性地绘示了其中的一个，或仅标出了其中的一个。在本文中，“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”，也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。
还应当进一步理解，在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语 “和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
在本文中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
实施例一
一种分拣翻盘装置，如图1至图4所示，包括底座10、承载机构20和限位机构30，底座10用于设置在传动机构40上；承载机构20包括载货部21和转轴部22，载货部21上设有货物承载位，载货部21的重心和货物承载位均位于转轴部22的同一侧；转轴部22与底座10铰接，使承载机构20在载货部21的自身重力作用下可相对底座10旋转，或在载货部21与其承载货物的共同重力作用下相对底座10旋转；限位机构30设置于转轴部22远离载货部21的一侧，用于克服或释放载货部21的重力，使承载机构20保持在载货状态或转换为倾斜卸货状态。
具体地，底座10的作用在于将承载机构20与分拣系统的传动机构40进行连接，限位机构30的作用在于实现承载机构20的载货状态与倾斜卸货状态的切换。
如图1所示，承载机构20包括载货部21和转轴部22，载货部21上表面具有货物承载位，用于装载货物。在不需要卸货时，限位机构30对承载机构20施加作用力，使承载机构20克服其自身及货物的重力并保持 在载货状态，需要卸货时，限位机构30解除对承载机构20的作用力，使承载机构20在自身及货物的重力下倾斜旋转，载货部21上的货物自动滑入对应卸货位，完成卸货，实现动力装置不直接作用于承载机构20，就能够使货物从承载机构20移出，整个分拣翻盘装置结构简单，成本低。
载货状态时，载货部21既可以保持水平，也可以与水平面存在一定的角度，只要其能承载货物且货物不会滑落即可。卸货状态，载货部21倾斜一定角度，其目的在于使承载机构20所承载的货物能够滑落。
如图3所示，载货部21为一托盘，转轴部22为一托盘机架，托盘机架呈L型，包括水平段221和竖直段222，托盘装设在水平段221，当然，载货部21也可以为平板等其它结构形式。竖直段222设置在水平段221远离卸货位的一端，竖直段222与底座10铰接。转轴部22通过铰链与底座10连接，铰链位于底座10和传动机构40的传动链的正上方，将铰链设置在底座10和传动链的正上方，使底座10和传动链在运行时只承受承载机构向下的压力，没有侧向力，避免传动链受到侧向力导致传动链转动，从而减小对传动链和传动链轨道的磨损，增加传动链寿命。
水平段221与竖直段222相互垂直，竖直段222上设有多个固定孔，底座10固定在竖直段222远离水平段221的一端，竖直段222与底座10通过铰链可拆卸连接。
如图1所示，托盘表面设有货物滑移槽，货物滑移槽内设有若干导滑筋211，导滑筋211的长度方向与承载机构20的旋转轴线方向垂直，及导滑筋211的长度方向与承载机构20的翻转方向一致。
本实施例中，承载机构20具有磁性，如图1所示，限位机构30包括电磁铁31，电磁铁31设置在底座10上，开启电磁铁31时，电磁铁31吸附承载机构20，使承载机构20保持在载货状态，关闭电磁铁31时，电磁铁31松开承载机构20，承载机构20在重力作用下旋转至倾斜卸货状态。通过电磁铁 31实现对承载机构20的吸附和释放，使承载机构20在载货状态和倾斜卸货状态进行切换，无需复杂的动力机构直接作用在承载机构20上，整个分拣翻盘装置结构简单，成本低。
在实际应用中，可将承载机构20的载货部21设置为具有磁性，也可将承载机构20的转轴部22设置为具有磁性，或者是在转轴部22上设置磁吸件23，通过磁吸件23与电磁铁31的吸合来实现将承载机构20限定在载货状态。如图1所示，磁吸件23可为板件结构，电磁铁31的上表面与磁吸件23的下表面相吸合。优选地，如图4所示，磁吸件23通过一L形连接板24与托盘机架(转轴部22)连接，并且磁吸件23与L形连接板24之间设置有橡胶圈25。具体地，磁吸件23、L形连接板24以及橡胶圈25分别开设有位于同一轴线的通孔，可以通过使用螺栓或螺钉进行连接。磁吸件23通过L形连接板24与托盘机架(转轴部22)连接，使载货部21在卸货过程中更容易翻转，或使载货部21更容易受到电磁铁31的吸引。
限位机构30的电磁铁31由供电机构进行供电，供电机构可为与电磁铁31导线连接的电池，也可以为其它电力设备。
本实施例中，如图4所示，底座10包括依次连接的传动连接部11、铰接部12和电磁铁固定部13，传动连接部11一端设置有若干连接孔111，连接孔111与铰接部12具有一定距离，以用于连接传动机构40，传动连接部11另一端与铰接部12连接，铰接部12与转轴部22铰接，电磁铁31固定部位于铰接部12远离传动连接部11的一侧，电磁铁31可拆卸地设置于电磁铁固定部13。具体地，电磁铁31与电磁铁固定部13可以通过螺栓或者卡扣实现可拆卸连接。底座10的三段式结构，传动连接部11使承载机构20与传动链之间形成了必要的安全距离，避免承载机构20直接与用于安装传动机构40的机架干涉，铰接部12提供了转轴部22的铰接位置，而电磁铁固定部13与转轴部22之间形成了一定空间，便于电磁铁31的安装，使电磁铁31更加靠近转轴部22。
本实施例的限位机构30安装在底座10上，在传动机构40上设置多个分拣翻盘装置时，将分拣翻盘装置的底座10与传动机构40连接后，每个承载机构20均对应一个限位机构30，承载机构20未传送到对应的卸货位时，限位机构30吸附对应的承载机构20使其保持在载货状态，承载机构20传送到对应的卸货位时，限位机构30解除对承载机构20的吸附，使承载机构20由载货状态转换为倾斜卸货状态完成卸货。
优选地，如图1和图2所示，分拣翻盘装置还包括缓冲机构50，缓冲机构50包括弹性板51和柔性垫52，弹性板51的一端设置在底座10上，柔性垫52设置在弹性板51的另一端并位于载货部21的下方，且在载货部21的旋转范围内，使得在倾斜卸货状态，载货部21抵靠在柔性垫52表面。需要说明的是，弹性板51一端使与底座10可拆卸连接，另一端与载货部21地面相对应的一侧装设有柔性垫52，柔性垫52也可以装设在载货部21底面。通过在承载机构20下方装设缓冲机构50，使承载机构20在旋转卸货的过程中受到缓冲作用，避免直接与机架或其它物体直接撞击，造成设备损坏，该装置结构简单，可靠性高。
实施例二
一种分拣翻盘装置，如图5至图17所示，包括底座10、承载机构20和限位机构30，本实施例的限位机构30的结构与实施例一不同，其他相同部分在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，承载机构20不具备磁性，如图5和图6所示，承载机构20还包括滑移部26，滑移部26设置在转轴部22远离载货部21的一侧；如图9至图12所示，限位机构30包括限位件32和活动挡板33，限位件32位于滑移部26的上方，限位件32的边缘设有缺口321，活动挡板33可移动地设置在缺口321处；在载货状态，活动挡板33遮挡缺口321，对滑移部26施加向下的 作用力，以克服承载机构20的重力，使承载机构20保持在载货状态；在倾斜卸货状态，活动挡板33部分或全部移出缺口321，解除对滑移部26的下压力，使载货部21在重力作用下旋转由载货状态变为倾斜卸货状态。
如图7所示，滑移部26包括连接板261、定位板262和避让机构263，连接板261可同时与载货部21和转轴部22连接，或只与其中的一个连接，定位板262设置在连接板261的底部且位于连接板261靠近限位机构30的一侧，并朝向限位机构30延伸，具有与活动挡板33相对应的抵靠面；连接板261与定位板262通过避让机构263连接，其中，自然状态下，活动挡板33位于定位板262的正上方；避让状态下，定位板262位于活动挡板33的移动轨迹外。需要说明的是，抵靠面指的是在载货状态下，限位机构30对承载机构20施加作用力的面。通过设置避让机构263，可使定位板262在受力作用下相对连接板261发生位移，从而避免定位板262的直接撞击，避免承载机构20损坏。
如图7所示，避让机构263包括铰接轴2631和弹簧弹珠螺钉2632，连接板261与定位板262通过铰接轴2631铰接，铰接轴2631与承载机构20的旋转轴垂直，连接板261上设有避让孔，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632设置在定位板262上；在自然状态下，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹珠伸入避让孔内，定位板262受外力撞击时，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹珠退出避让孔，使定位板262相对连接板261可转动，定位板262由自然状态转换为避让状态。
如图13所示，限位机构30还包括伸缩组件34和挡板固定组件35，伸缩组件34设置在限位件32上，伸缩组件34包括相互连接的动力部和伸缩部，挡板固定组件35设置在伸缩部，挡板固定组件35包括上压板351和下压板352，上压板351和下压板352具有一定间隙以固定活动挡板33。优选地，上压板351、下压板352以及活动挡板33均为UPE(超高分子聚乙烯)材料，以增强其滑动性。伸缩组件34可为气缸组件、丝杠组件、电磁组件等。伸缩组件34为电磁组件时，在倾斜卸料状态下，电磁组件开启，电磁组件吸附活动挡板3， 活动挡板33移动以打开缺口321，即活动挡板33被电磁组件吸附到缺口321外部；在载货状态下，电磁组件关闭，活动挡板33通过弹簧或扭簧等弹性件回弹至缺口321内侧，缺口321闭合。
本实施例的限位机构30不安装在底座10上，而是安装在用于安装传动机构40的机架60上，机架60上设有卸货位，限位件32上的缺口321对应卸货位设置，传动机构40带动承载机构20运动时，限位机构30不随承载机构20一起运动，承载机构20在传送过程中，滑移部26相对限位件32移动，限位件32位于滑移部26上方，限位件32和活动挡板33可对滑移部26进行限位，以使承载机构20在传送过程中保持载货状态，承载机构20传送到对应卸货位时，限位件32上对应缺口321处的活动挡板33移出缺口321，解除对滑移部26的作用力，使承载机构20在对应缺口321处旋转倾斜完成卸货。
优选地，本实施例的分拣翻盘装置还包括缓冲机构50，缓冲机构50包括弹性板51和柔性垫52，弹性板51的一端设置在底座10上，柔性垫52设置在弹性板51的另一端并位于载货部21的下方，且在载货部21的旋转范围内，使得在倾斜卸货状态，载货部21抵靠在柔性垫52表面。需要说明的是，弹性板51一端使与底座10可拆卸连接，另一端与载货部21地面相对应的一侧装设有柔性垫52，柔性垫52也可以装设在载货部21底面。
实施例三
一种分拣系统，如图1至图4以及图18至图26所示，包括机架60、传动机构40和实施例一的分拣翻盘装置；如图21所示，传动机构40包括动力组件和传动链41，动力组件装设在机架60上并与传动链41传动连接，如图18所示，机架60沿传动链41的运动方向设有装货段61和卸货段62，装货段61用于将货物装载在承载机构20上，卸货段62一侧具有多个卸货位621，卸货位621可以看作货物的目的地，可用于不同货物的分类或分拣；多个承载机构 20沿传动链41的运动方向依次设置在传动链41的上方，承载机构20在重力作用下可朝向卸货位621旋转，限位机构30设置在底座10上。
将多个分拣翻盘装置的底座10依次安装在传动链41上后，多个承载机构20即沿传动链41的传动方向设置，承载机构20在载货状态下经过装货段61进行货物装载，传动链41运动时带动承载机构20和限位机构30的电磁铁31一起运动，电磁铁31与承载机构20相吸，以在运动过程中将承载机构20保持在载货状态，承载机构20运动到对应的卸货位621时，电磁铁31解除对承载机构20的吸附，使承载机构20在自身重力作用旋转转换为倾斜卸货状态以完成卸货。本实施例中，不再利用其它动力机构驱动承载机构20卸货，使得整体机构简单，显著降低了分拣系统的造价，此外，限位机构30始终与承载机构20相对应，不仅可以准确控制承载机构20，而且结构简单、功耗小，可靠性高。
多个分拣翻盘装置依次装设在传动链41上后，转轴部22位于传动链41上方，载货部21悬空设置在机架60边缘，卸货位621位于机架60外侧。
在一优选实施方式中，如图21所示，动力组件包括电机42、动力链轮43和被动链轮44，其中，电机42竖直设置在机架60内侧的一端，电机42的转轴与动力链轮43固定连接，被动链轮44可旋转地设置在机架60内侧的另一端，传动链41绕设在动力链轮43和被动链轮44上形成环形链，且传动链41分别与动力链轮43和被动链轮44啮合。
如图33所示，传动机构40还包括导轨组件，导轨组件包括导轨固定板45、内导轨46和外导轨47，导轨固定板45装设在机架60上，内导轨46和外导轨47装设在导轨固定板45表面，且内导轨46和外导轨47之间留有间隙，用于限制传动链41；导轨固定板45表面设置有若干腰形孔，内导轨46和/或外导轨47通过螺纹连接件装设在腰形孔上，且腰形孔的直边与传动链41的运动方向垂直，以调节间隙。
分拣系统还包括电源机构70，如图21至图24所示，电源机构70包括若干输入接头71和环形导体72，环形导体72装设在动力链轮43或被动链轮44上方，且与动力链轮43或被动链轮44同轴旋转，输入接头71可与外部电源连接，若干输入接头71装设在机架60上，分别具有与环形导体72相对应的电源输入触点711，电源输入触点711与环形导体72之间具有滑动摩擦面，以在环形导体72旋转过程中持续输电，输入接头71的结构示意图如图26所示。
限位机构30的供电机构80设置在传动链41上方，供电机构80具有与环形导体72相对应的电源输出触点81，多个供电机构80分别位于相邻两个底座10之间，多个供电机构80与多个限位机构30一一对应电连接，且任一相邻两个供电机构80之间的距离小于传动链41与环形导体72所在链轮的啮合长度，使至少有一供电机构80与环形导体72导通连接。
通过设置环形导体72，一方面，输入接头71与外部电源连接，持续为环形导体72传输电流，另一方面，供电机构80通过电源输出触点81与环形导体72连接为限位机构30输出电流，此外通过在传动链41上装设多个供电机构80，并且与限位机构30电连接，使分拣系统在运行过程中，至少有一个供电机构80与环形导体72导通，实现为多个限位机构30持续供电。
如图25所示，环形导体72外侧轴向平行设置有正极导体环721和负极导体环722，正极导体环721和负极导体环722之间留有间隙，其中，电源输入触点711包括两触点，分别与正极导体环721和负极导体环722之间具有滑动摩擦面。和/或，电源输出触点81包括两触点，分别与正极导体环721和负极导体环722之间具有滑动摩擦面。
在一优选实施例中，传动链41围绕机架60闭环设置，如图18所示，在卸货段62之后与载货段61之前还设有复位段63，如图34所示，在复位段63设有复位机构，复位机构包括复位杆631；复位杆631设置在载货部21的下方，复位杆631沿传动链41的运动方向延伸，在复位段63，复位杆631的高度依 次升高形成载货部21的复位轨道，以使载货部21在复位轨道支撑作用下进行复位。复位轨道由低到高设置，且位于载货部21下方，表面形成载货部21的滑移面，以使载货部21在复位轨道支撑作用下进行复位，当载货部21滑移至复位轨道的最高处时回复至载货状态，此时，限位机构30吸附承载机构20，使承载机构20保持在载货状态。
进一步地，如图18所示，装货段61之后，卸货段62之前还设有检测段64，检测段64设置有识别机构641，识别机构641与限位机构30通讯连接，识别机构641用于识别承载机构20放置的货物，以控制限位机构30。识别机构641可为摄像头或红外线检测设备等。
进一步地，如图25所示，分拣系统还包括清零机构90，清零机构90包括装设在传动链41上的第一感应器91和装设在机架60上的第二感应器92，第一感应器91可随传动链41运动，第二感应器92设置在第一感应器91的运动轨迹上，第一感应器91或第二感应器92与分拣翻盘装置电连接。优选地，第一感应器91设置有磁体，第二感应器92设置有干簧管。通过在传动链41和机架60上分别设置不同的感应器，使分拣系统在运行过程中可准确判断传动链41循环情况，及时清零数据，避免累积误差。
本实施例中，机架60通过金属杆以及钣金焊接或螺纹连接件组成而成，而装货段61、检测段64、复位段63以及卸货段62仅表示功能范围区域，在图30中，使用虚线框表示了除卸货段62以外的区域。
在实际应用中，首先将货物通过手动或自动的方式放置在承载机构20上，再通过动力机构驱动传动链41运动，使传动链41带动承载机构20从装货段61经过检测段64并传送至卸货段62，经过检测段64探头检测货物身份编码或二维码，当承载有货物的承载机构20达到该货物指定的卸货位621时，限位机构30的电磁铁31停止吸附承载机构20，使承载机构20朝向卸货位621翻转进行卸货，与此同时，其它承载机构20继续运输和卸载其它货物，实现 不同货物的分拣。
本实施例还提供一种分拣系统的分拣方法，包括：
S100在装货段61将货物放置在承载机构20上；
S200在传动机构40的驱动下，承载机构20进入卸货段62，并移动到对应的卸货位621；
S300限位机构30解除对承载机构20的作用力，使承载机构20在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位621倾斜并进行卸货。
优选地，在步骤S100之后，步骤S200之前还包括：
承载机构20运输货物至检测段64识别货物的信息，计算货物到达对应卸货位621的时间或距离，并发送卸货信号至对应的限位机构30；
和/或：
步骤S300之后还包括：
承载机构20继续移动，进入复位段63，在复位段63，承载机构20恢复至水平载货状态；
承载机构20返回至装货段61，重新装载其它货物。
实施例四
一种分拣系统，如图5至图17以及图27至图34所示，包括机架60、传动机构40和实施例二的分拣翻盘装置，机架60和传动机构40与实施例三中的结构相同，在此不再赘述。本实施例中，限位机构30设置在机架60上，限位机构30不随承载机构20一起运动。
限位机构30包括限位件32和活动挡板33，限位件32设置在传动链41内侧，限位件32的边缘与传动链41具有间隙且沿传动链41的运动方向间隔设有多个缺口321，多个缺口321与多个卸货位621一一对应设置，限位件32的底部沿传动链41的运动方向设有滑移轨道；承载机构20的滑移部26伸入限位件32下方并沿滑移轨道滑动；滑移部26滑动到缺口321处时，当活动挡板 33遮挡缺口321，承载机构20可保持载货状态通过缺口321，当活动挡板33部分或全部移出缺口321，承载机构20在重力作用下旋转并转换为倾斜卸货状态。活动挡板33可通过气缸、液压缸或电磁铁等进行驱动移动。
具体地，如图9至图12所示，限位件32可以为装设在机架60上端的板件，板件边缘设置多个缺口321，承载机构20移动到限位件32未设置缺口321的位置时，由限位件32自身对承载机构20施加向下的压力，使承载机构20保持载货状态，承载机构20移动到缺口321处时，若不需要卸货，则由活动挡板33对承载机构20施加向下的压力，使承载机构20保持载货状态，若需要卸货，则活动挡板33移出缺口321，承载机构20在重力作用下向卸货位621旋转，完成卸货。在其他实施方式中，限位件32还可以为装设在机架60上端的滑轨，滑轨边缘设置多个缺口321，当然，限位件32还可为其它不同的形式。限位件32的主要作用是：第一、形成滑移部26的滑轨，使承载机构20保持载货状态沿滑移轨道滑移；第二、形成可以配合活动挡板33的缺口321，使承载机构20在运输货物至对应的卸货位621时，活动挡板33离开缺口321，使滑移部26在载货部21的重力作用下向上翻转，与此同时，载货部21向下翻转，将货物倾倒在对应的卸货位621。
优选地，如图30所示，本实施例的传动机构40还包括检测段64和复位段63，装货段61、检测段64、卸货段62和复位段63沿传动链41的运动方向依次首尾连接，即装货段61首端与复位段63末端连接，检测段64和复位段63的结构与实施例三相同，此处不再进行赘述。
在运行过程中，不同承载机构20在装货段61依次上料，装货段61为起始段，通过检测段64时识别承载机构20上的货物编码，确认其对应的卸货位621，并将卸货信息传送至对应的限位机构30，当承载机构20承载该货物至对应的卸货位621时，限位机构30转换为卸货状态，使承载机构20在自身及货物的重力作用下翻转，货物滑移到对应卸货位621，由此完成一次卸料，再经 过复位段63复位后返回至装货段61。
优选地，如图7所示，滑移部26包括连接板261、定位板262和避让机构263，连接板261可同时与载货部21和转轴部22连接，或只与其中的一个连接，定位板262设置在连接板261的底部且位于连接板261靠近限位机构30的一侧，并朝向限位机构30延伸，具有与活动挡板33相对应的抵靠面；连接板261与定位板262通过避让机构263连接，其中，自然状态下，活动挡板33位于定位板262的正上方；避让状态下，定位板262位于活动挡板33的移动轨迹外。需要说明的是，抵靠面指的是在载货状态下，限位机构30对承载机构20施加作用力的面。
在实际应用中，承载机构20会随传动链41移动，在移动过程中，如果传动链41在承载机构20未完全转换为倾斜卸货状态时就开始继续移动，此时，承载机构20仅旋转一定角度并未完全转换为倾斜卸货状态，定位板262仍位于缺口321内，并未翻转至缺口321外，承载机构20继续移动时，定位板262会撞击到限位件32。本实施例通过设置避让机构263，可使定位板262在受力作用下相对连接板261发生位移，从而避免定位板262的直接撞击，避免承载机构20损坏。虽然此意外撞击出现后需要人工将定位板262复位，否则该承载机构20不能继续分拣，但是定位板262的转动动作可避免承载机构20的严重损坏或是停机的故障。
如图7所示，避让机构263包括铰接轴2631和弹簧弹珠螺钉2632，连接板261与定位板262通过铰接轴2631铰接，铰接轴2631与承载机构20的旋转轴垂直，连接板261上设有避让孔，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632设置在定位板262上；在自然状态下，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹珠伸入避让孔内，定位板262受外力撞击时，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹珠退出避让孔，使定位板262相对连接板261可转动，定位板262由自然状态转换为避让状态。
在自然状态下，弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹珠位于避让孔内，定位板262与 连接板261不可相对转动，弹珠和避让孔具有相互作用面，使弹珠在相对旋转连接板261与定位板262的过程中挤压移出避让孔，定位板262与连接板261此时仅通过铰接轴连接，定位板262可相对连接板261转动。至此本领域的技术人员应该理解，上述的创新点在于利用弹簧弹珠螺钉2632配合连接板261与定位板262达到只有在一定作用力的条件下才能迫使连接板261与定位板262发生相对转动，从而实现定位板262在移动过程中，没有障碍物可沿保持自然状态，撞击障碍物可旋转避让的技术效果。因此，现有技术中可以替换弹簧弹珠螺钉2632的弹簧、扭簧等弹力机构均在本专利的保护范围内。
本实施例还提供一种分拣系统的分拣方法，包括：
S100在装货段61将货物放置在承载机构20上；
S200在传动机构40的驱动下，承载机构20进入卸货段62，并移动到对应的卸货位621；
S300限位机构30解除对承载机构20的作用力，使承载机构20在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位621倾斜并进行卸货。
优选地，在步骤S100之后，步骤S200之前还包括：
承载机构20运输货物至检测段64识别货物的信息，计算货物到达对应卸货位621的时间或距离，并发送卸货信号至对应的限位机构30；
和/或：
步骤S300之后还包括：
承载机构20继续移动，进入复位段63，在复位段63承载机构20恢复至水平载货状态；
承载机构20返回至装货段61，重新装载其它货物。
在实际应用中，分拣系统中设有传感器，检测传动链41及托盘的行进距离，并设有清零板，传动链41每行进一个整圈时清零板经过一个传感器一次，可以将传动链41及托盘的行进距离清零一次，避免形成累积误差。分拣系统 可连续不间断工作；结构简单，低成本，方式简单直接，运行稳定，可实现非同一格口的同时投递。此外，承载机构20翻转卸货后，该承载机构20继续移动，与此同时活动挡板33立即复位，以使后面其它的承载机构20正常运行通过。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，包括：
    底座，用于设置在传动机构上；
    承载机构，包括载货部和转轴部，所述载货部上设有货物承载位，所述载货部的重心和所述货物承载位均位于所述转轴部的同一侧；所述转轴部与所述底座铰接，使所述承载机构在所述载货部的自身重力作用下可相对所述底座旋转，或在所述载货部与其承载货物的共同重力作用下相对所述底座旋转；
    限位机构，设置于所述转轴部远离所述载货部的一侧，用于克服或释放所述载货部的重力，使所述承载机构保持在载货状态或转换为倾斜卸货状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述承载机构具有磁性，所述限位机构包括电磁铁，所述电磁铁设置在所述底座上，开启所述电磁铁时，所述电磁铁吸附所述承载机构，使所述承载机构保持在所述载货状态，关闭所述电磁铁时，所述电磁铁松开所述承载机构，所述承载机构在重力作用下旋转至所述倾斜卸货状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述转轴部位于所述载货部底部，所述转轴部为L形，所述转轴部的一端与所述载货部连接，另一端与所述底座通过铰链连接，所述转轴部靠近所述电磁铁的一侧设有磁吸件，所述磁吸件用于与所述电磁铁相吸合。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述底座包括依次连接的传动连接部、铰接部和电磁铁固定部，所述传动连接部的一端用于连接所述传动机构，另一端与所述铰接部连接，所述铰接部与所述转轴部铰接，所述电磁铁固定部位于所述铰接部远离所述传动连 接部的一侧，所述电磁铁可拆卸地设置于所述电磁铁固定部。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述承载机构还包括滑移部，所述滑移部设置在所述转轴部远离所述载货部的一侧；
    所述限位机构包括限位件和活动挡板，所述限位件位于所述滑移部的上方，所述限位件的边缘设有缺口，所述活动挡板可移动地设置在所述缺口处；
    在所述载货状态，所述活动挡板遮挡所述缺口，对所述滑移部施加向下的作用力；
    在所述倾斜卸货状态，所述活动挡板部分或全部移出所述缺口，解除对所述滑移部的作用力，使所述载货部在重力作用下旋转。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述限位机构还包括伸缩组件和挡板固定组件，所述伸缩组件设置在所述限位件上，所述伸缩组件包括相互连接的动力部和伸缩部，所述挡板固定组件设置在所述伸缩部，所述挡板固定组件包括上压板和下压板，所述上压板和所述下压板具有一定间隙以固定所述活动挡板。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    还包括缓冲机构，所述缓冲机构包括弹性板和柔性垫，所述弹性板的一端设置在所述底座上，所述柔性垫设置在所述弹性板的另一端并位于所述载货部的下方，且在所述载货部的旋转范围内，使得在所述倾斜卸货状态，所述载货部抵靠在所述柔性垫表面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣翻盘装置，其特征在于，
    所述载货部为托盘，所述托盘内设有若干导滑筋，所述导滑筋的长度方 向与所述承载机构的旋转轴线方向垂直。
  9. 一种分拣系统，其特征在于，包括机架、传动机构和多个权利要求1-8任一项所述的分拣翻盘装置；
    所述传动机构包括动力组件和传动链，所述动力组件装设在所述机架上并与所述传动链传动连接，所述机架沿所述传动链的运动方向设有装货段和卸货段，所述卸货段一侧具有多个卸货位；多个所述承载机构沿所述传动链的运动方向依次设置在所述传动链的上方，所述承载机构在重力作用下可朝向所述卸货位旋转，所述限位机构设置在所述机架或所述底座上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述限位机构的限位件的边缘与所述传动链具有间隙且沿所述传动链的运动方向间隔设有多个缺口，多个所述缺口与多个所述卸货位一一对应设置，所述限位件的底部沿所述传动链的运动方向设有滑移轨道；
    所述承载机构的滑移部伸入所述限位件下方并沿所述滑移轨道滑动；
    所述滑移部滑动到所述缺口处时，当所述活动挡板遮挡所述缺口，所述承载机构可保持载货状态通过所述缺口，当所述活动挡板部分或全部移出所述缺口，所述承载机构在重力作用下旋转并转换为倾斜卸货状态。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述滑移部包括连接板、定位板和避让机构，所述连接板与所述载货部和/或所述转轴部连接，所述定位板设置在所述连接板的底部且位于所述连接板靠近所述限位机构的一侧，并朝向所述限位机构延伸，具有与所述活动挡板相对应的抵靠面；
    所述连接板与所述定位板通过所述避让机构连接，其中，
    自然状态下，所述活动挡板位于所述定位板的正上方；
    避让状态下，所述定位板位于所述活动挡板的移动轨迹外。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述避让机构包括铰接轴和弹簧弹珠螺钉，所述连接板与所述定位板通过所述铰接轴铰接，所述铰接轴与所述承载机构的旋转轴垂直，所述连接板上设有避让孔，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉设置在所述定位板上；
    在所述自然状态下，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉的弹珠伸入所述避让孔内，所述定位板受外力撞击时，所述弹簧弹珠螺钉的弹珠退出所述避让孔，使所述定位板相对所述连接板可转动，所述定位板由所述自然状态转换为避让状态。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述装货段与所述卸货段之间还设有检测段；
    所述检测段设置有识别机构，所述识别机构与所述限位机构通讯连接，所述识别机构用于识别所述承载机构放置的货物，以控制所述限位机构。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述传动链环绕所述机架设置，所述卸货段与所述装货段之间还设有复位段；
    所述复位段设置有复位机构，所述复位机构用于支撑所述承载机构，使所述承载机构由所述倾斜卸货状态转换为载货状态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述复位机构包括复位杆；
    在所述复位段，所述复位杆的高度依次升高形成所述载货部的复位轨道，以使所述载货部在所述复位轨道支撑作用下进行复位。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述动力组件包括电机、动力链轮和被动链轮，其中，
    所述电机竖直设置在所述机架内侧的一端，所述电机的转轴与所述动力链轮固定连接，所述被动链轮可旋转地设置在所述机架内侧的另一端，所述传动链绕设在所述动力链轮和所述被动链轮上形成环形链。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述传动机构还包括导轨组件，所述导轨组件包括导轨固定板、内导轨和外导轨，所述导轨固定板装设在所述机架上，所述内导轨和所述外导轨装设在所述导轨固定板表面，且所述内导轨和所述外导轨之间留有间隙，用于限制所述传动链；
    所述导轨固定板表面设置有若干腰形孔，所述内导轨和/或所述外导轨通过螺纹连接件装设在所述腰形孔上，且所述腰形孔的直边与所述传动链的运动方向垂直，以调节所述间隙。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    还包括电源机构和多个供电机构；
    所述电源机构包括若干输入接头和环形导体，所述环形导体装设在所述动力链轮或所述被动链轮上方，且与所述动力链轮或所述被动链轮同轴旋转，所述输入接头可与外部电源连接，若干所述输入接头装设在所述机架上，分别具有与环形导体相对应的电源输入触点，电源输入触点与所述环形导体之间具有滑动摩擦面，以在所述环形导体旋转过程中持续输电；
    所述供电机构具有与所述环形导体相对应的电源输出触点，多个所述供电机构分别位于相邻两个所述底座之间，多个所述供电机构与多个所述限位机构一一对应电连接，且任一相邻两个所述供电机构之间的距离小于传动链与所述环形导体所在链轮的啮合长度，使至少有一所述供电机构与所述环形 导体导通连接。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    所述环形导体外侧轴向平行设置有正极导体环和负极导体环，所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间留有间隙；其中，
    所述电源输入触点包括两触点，分别与所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间具有滑动摩擦面；
    和/或；
    所述电源输出触点包括两触点，分别与所述正极导体环和所述负极导体环之间具有滑动摩擦面。
  20. 根据权利要求9所述的一种分拣系统，其特征在于，
    还包括清零机构，所述清零机构包括装设在所述传动链上的第一感应器和装设在所述机架上的第二感应器，所述第一感应器可随所述传动链运动，所述第二感应器设置在所述第一感应器的运动轨迹上，所述第一感应器或所述第二感应器与所述分拣翻盘装置电连接。
  21. 一种分拣系统的分拣方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在装货段将货物放置在承载机构上；
    在传动机构的驱动下，所述承载机构进入卸货段，并移动到对应的卸货位；
    限位机构解除对所述承载机构的作用力，使所述承载机构在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位倾斜并进行卸货。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的一种分拣系统的分拣方法，其特征在于，
    在装货段将货物放置在承载机构上之后，在传动机构的驱动下，所述承 载机构进入卸货段，并移动到对应的卸货位之前还包括：
    所述承载机构运输所述货物至检测段识别所述货物的信息，计算所述货物到达对应卸货位的时间或距离，并发送卸货信号至对应的限位机构；
    和/或：
    所述限位机构解除对所述承载机构的作用力，使所述承载机构在自身重力及货物重力下朝向卸货位倾斜并进行卸货之后还包括：
    所述承载机构继续移动，进入复位段，在所述复位段所述承载机构恢复至水平载货状态；
    所述承载机构返回至所述装货段，重新装载其它货物。
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