WO2022077902A1 - 单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法 - Google Patents

单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022077902A1
WO2022077902A1 PCT/CN2021/093773 CN2021093773W WO2022077902A1 WO 2022077902 A1 WO2022077902 A1 WO 2022077902A1 CN 2021093773 W CN2021093773 W CN 2021093773W WO 2022077902 A1 WO2022077902 A1 WO 2022077902A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
lifting
free
sling
hoisting
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/093773
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩小岗
鹿良杰
陈晓静
刘吉辉
陈怀忠
高建宏
俞传华
Original Assignee
上海电气风电集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020237015771A priority Critical patent/KR20230087532A/ko
Publication of WO2022077902A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022077902A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
    • B66C1/16—Slings with load-engaging platforms or frameworks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of wind power, and in particular, to a single-blade installation device and a method for avoiding overpassing.
  • Wind power generation refers to the use of wind turbines to convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy.
  • the blades are generally transported by small barges. Since small barges are greatly affected by wind and waves in the sea, they are prone to large roll and heave.
  • the single-blade spreader cannot be installed on the blade, and because the single-blade spreader is heavy (some can even reach more than 70 tons) ), if forcibly installed, it is easy to squeeze and damage the blade.
  • the blades after the blades are transported to the wind farm by a small transport barge, the blades must be transferred to the installation vessel first, and then a single-blade spreader is installed on the installation vessel, and the single-blade spreader holds the blade, and then Install the blades.
  • the barge of the blades takes time, which not only increases the overall installation time of the offshore wind turbine and increases the hoisting cost, but also needs to reserve a temporary placement area for the blades on the installation vessel, which increases the requirements for the installation vessel and reduces the cost of installation.
  • the optional range of installation boats therefore, greatly reduces the efficiency of the installation and increases the overall cost of installation.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a single-blade free overhaul installation device and a method thereof, which can reduce the installation time of the fan and improve the installation efficiency.
  • the equipment includes a free-transit hoisting beam, an electric hoisting system arranged on the free-transit hoisting beam, and a blade transport hoisting bracket for carrying the single blade.
  • the barge-free lifting beam is used to be installed on the hook of the installation platform crane and used to connect a single-blade spreader, and the single-blade spreader is used to clamp a single blade.
  • the electric lifting system includes a controller and a blade sling, the controller being used to control the lifting and lowering of the blade sling.
  • the blade sling may be connected to the blade transport hoist bracket.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides a method for installing a single blade without overshooting.
  • the method includes: installing a barge-free hoisting beam on a lifting hook of an installation platform; installing a single-blade spreader on the barge-free hoisting beam; installing the barge-free hoisting beam together with the single blade Lift the hoist to the barge directly above the single blade that has been placed on the blade transport hoisting bracket; control the electric hoisting system set on the barge-free hoisting beam to lower the blade sling; lift the blade sling connecting to the blade transport hoisting bracket; hoisting the single blade to the installation position of the single blade spreader by means of the blade transport lifting bracket; and controlling the single blade spreader to hold the single blade so as to for the installation of the single blade.
  • the single-blade-free installation device and method according to the embodiments of the present invention effectively solve the problem that the blade needs to be connected during the installation of the blade of the domestic wind turbine.
  • the single-blade free-to-barge installation device and method according to the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the blade installation period by eliminating the blade transfer process, achieve the purpose of reducing the installation time of the fan as a whole, and improve the utilization rate of the deck of the installation vessel. Fan installation cost.
  • the single-blade barge-free installation device and the method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention can increase the applicability of construction ships, improve the work efficiency of blade installation and detection, avoid the risk of damage to the blade caused by the instability of the barge in the blade barge link, and improve large-scale Batch installation efficiency of offshore wind turbines.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a single-blade over-barge-free installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the single-blade free-barge installation device shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a part of a method for installing a single blade without overrunning according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another part of the method for installing a single blade without overrunning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-blade free transfer installation device 10 includes a transfer free lifting beam 11 , an electric hoisting system 12 and a blade transport hoisting bracket 13 .
  • the barge-free lifting beam 11 can be used to install on the installation platform crane hook 20 and to connect the single-blade spreader 30 , and the single-blade spreader 30 can be used to clamp the single-blade 40 .
  • the electric hoisting system 12 is arranged on the overpass-free lifting beam 11 , and the electric hoisting system 12 includes a controller (not shown) and a blade sling 121 , and the controller is used to control the lifting and lowering of the blade sling 121 .
  • the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 can be used to carry the single blade 40 , and the single blade 40 can be placed on the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 .
  • the blade slings 121 of the electric hoisting system 12 can be connected to the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 , so that the electric hoisting system 12 can hoist the single blade 40 through the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 .
  • a first hanging point (not shown) for installation is provided on the upper surface of the overpass-free hanging beam 11 .
  • the first suspending point of the barge-free hanging beam 11 can be fixedly connected with the first sling 111 , so that the barge-free hoisting beam 11 is attached to the installation platform crane hook 20 through the first sling 111 .
  • the first sling 111 may include, for example, 2 to 4 pieces.
  • a second hanging point (not shown) for installation is provided on the lower surface of the overpass-free hanging beam 11 .
  • the second suspending point of the barge-free hanging beam 11 can be fixedly connected with the second slings 112 , so that the single-blade spreader 30 is installed on the barge-free hoisting beam 11 through the second slings 112 .
  • the second slings 112 are shown schematically as four in FIG. 1 .
  • the electric hoisting system 12 of the embodiment of the present invention may include two sets of electric hoisting systems 12 , and the two sets of electric hoisting systems 12 are respectively symmetrically arranged at opposite ends of the barge-free lifting beam 11 .
  • Each electric lifting system 12 includes two electric lifting systems 12, each electric lifting system 12 includes a blade sling 121, and the controller in each electric lifting system 12 can independently control a blade The lifting and lowering of the slings 121, thus, by individually controlling the lifting and lowering of the blade slings 121, a small angle inclination and pitch of the single blade 40 can be achieved.
  • the four electric hoisting systems 12 in the embodiment of the present invention may share one controller, so that the synchronous lifting of the blade slings 121 on the four electric hoisting systems 12 can be realized through the controller. and decline.
  • the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 of the embodiment of the present invention has a contoured contact surface that matches the single blade 40 .
  • the surface of the single blade 40 is usually a curved surface.
  • the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 can be designed to this curved surface according to the curved surface form of the single blade 40 where the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 contacts the single blade 40. Therefore, the effective contact area between the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 and the single blade 40 can be guaranteed.
  • the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 of the embodiment of the present invention has a supporting leg 132 below which can be placed, so as to meet the placement requirements during transportation.
  • the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 is generally U-shaped, and there are installation hoisting points 131 on the upper surface of the U-shaped body for installing the blade slings 121.
  • the installation hoisting points 131 can be, for example, lifting ears or eye plates, So as to meet the requirements of hoisting.
  • the single-blade free overhauling installation device 10 effectively solves the problem that the blades need overhauling during the blade installation process of domestic wind turbines.
  • the single-blade free transfer installation device 10 in the embodiment of the present invention reduces the blade installation period by eliminating the blade transfer process, achieves the purpose of reducing the installation time of the fan as a whole, and improves the utilization rate of the deck of the installation ship, thereby reducing the installation time of the fan. cost.
  • the single-blade barge-free installation device 10 can increase the applicability of the construction vessel, improve the work efficiency of blade installation and detection, avoid the risk of damage to the blade caused by the instability of the barge in the blade barge link, and improve the large-scale offshore wind force. Batch installation efficiency of generator sets.
  • FIG. 3 discloses a flow chart of a part of a method for installing a single blade without barge according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method for installing a single blade without overburden according to an embodiment of the present invention may include steps S1 to S7 .
  • step S1 the overpass-free lifting beam 11 is installed on the lifting hook of the installation platform.
  • the barge-free lifting beam 11 can be attached to the installation platform crane hook 20 through the first sling 111 .
  • step S2 the single-blade spreader 30 is installed on the overpass-free hanging beam 11 .
  • the single-blade spreader 30 may be mounted on the free-to-barge hanger beam 11 by means of the second sling 112 .
  • step S3 the barge-free hoisting beam 11 together with the single-blade spreader 30 is hoisted to just above the single-blade 40 that has been placed on the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 on the barge.
  • the lifting hook 20 of the installation platform crane can be lifted to lift the free-to-barge lifting beam 11 together with the single-blade spreader 30 directly above the single-blade 40 .
  • the method for installing a single blade without overhauling in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: placing the single blade 40 on the blade transportation and hoisting bracket 13 in advance.
  • two soft slings can be used to wrap the reinforcement positions on both sides of the center of gravity of the single blade 40 , and the single blade 40 is lifted and placed on the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 after the single blade 40 is lifted by the soft slings.
  • step S4 the electric hoisting system 12 provided on the overpass-free lifting beam 11 is controlled, and the blade slings 121 in the electric hoisting system 12 are lowered.
  • controlling the electric hoisting system 12 disposed on the overpass-free lifting beam 11 to lower the blade slings 121 in step S4 may include: controlling the electric lifting systems disposed on opposite sides of the overpassing-free lifting beam 11 The system 12 extends four blade slings 121 and lowers the four blade slings 121 .
  • step S5 the blade slings 121 are connected to the blade transport hoisting bracket 13.
  • the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 is roughly U-shaped, and the four blade slings 121 are respectively fixed to the installation lifting points 131 on the left and right upper surfaces of the U-shaped body, so as to connect the blade slings 121 to the blade transportation hoisting bracket 13 .
  • step S6 the single blade 40 is lifted to the installation position of the single blade spreader 30 by means of the blade transport and lifting bracket 13 .
  • the lifting of the single blade 40 to the installation position of the single blade spreader 30 by means of the blade transport lifting bracket 13 in step S6 may further include steps S61 to S62.
  • step S61 the single blade 40 is lifted away from the barge by a predetermined distance.
  • the single blade 40 can be hoisted away from the barge by a distance of about 1 meter, so that the single blade 40 is not affected by the barge swaying.
  • the single blade 40 may be lifted using the installation platform crane hook 20 or using the electric lifting system 12 in step S61.
  • the distance between the single blade spreader 30 and the single blade 40 is uncertain.
  • the electric lifting system 12 is directly used to retract the blade Lifting the single blade 40 away by means of the sling 121 will inevitably shorten the distance between the single blade spreader 30 and the single blade 40 (and this distance is related to the wave height and is also uncertain), and the single blade 40 is rigid There is a high probability of swinging at the moment of being hoisted, which may cause collision between the single-blade spreader 30 and the single-blade 40 .
  • lifting the single blade 40 away from the barge by a predetermined distance in step S61 may include: lifting and installing the platform crane hook 20 to lift the single blade 40 away from the barge by a predetermined distance, and, after lifting the single blade 40 from the barge by a predetermined distance When 40 is lifted away from the barge by a predetermined distance, the installation of the platform crane hook 20 is stopped.
  • step S62 after the single blade 40 is stabilized, the electric lifting system 12 is used to lift the blade, and the electric lifting system 12 is controlled to retract the blade sling 121 to slowly lift the single blade 40 and approach the end of the single blade spreader 30 installation location.
  • step S7 the clamping function of the single-blade spreader 30 is controlled to be turned on, so that the single-blade spreader 30 clamps the single-blade 40 to facilitate the installation of the single-blade 40 .
  • FIG. 4 discloses a flow chart of another part of the method for installing a single blade without barge according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the method for installing a single blade without overshooting according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include steps S8 to S10 .
  • step S8 after the single blade hanger 30 and the single blade 40 are effectively clamped, the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 is released.
  • the step S8 of releasing the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 may include: controlling the electric hoisting system 12 on the barge-free lifting beam 11 , releasing the blade sling 121 , and slowly lowering the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 and placing it on the barge.
  • step S9 the connection between the blade transport hoisting bracket 13 and the blade sling 121 is removed.
  • step S10 the single blade 40 is lifted to the installation position of the blade to complete the installation of the single blade 40 .
  • the lifting hook 20 of the installation platform crane can be lifted to lift the whole lifting beam 11 and the single blade spreader 30 holding the single blade 40 to the installation position of the blade.
  • the single blade of the embodiment of the present invention may further include step S11.
  • step S11 the electric lifting system 12 is controlled to retract back to the blade sling 121 .
  • the single-blade-free installation method of the embodiment of the present invention has beneficial technical effects similar to those of the single-blade installation-free installation 10 described above, so it will not be repeated here.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

一种单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法，其中单叶片免过驳安装设备包括免过驳吊梁（11）、设置于免过驳吊梁（11）上的电动起重系统（12）、以及用于承载单叶片（40）的叶片运输吊装支架（13），免过驳吊梁（11）用于安装到安装平台起重机吊钩（20）上并用于连接单叶片吊具（30），单叶片吊具（30）用于夹持单叶片（40），电动起重系统（12）包括控制器和叶片吊索（121），控制器用于控制叶片吊索（121）的提升和下降，电动起重系统的叶片吊索（121）可与叶片运输吊装支架（13）连接。通过上述设置，能够减少风机的安装时间，提升安装效率。

Description

单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及风电技术领域，尤其涉及一种单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法。
背景技术
随着煤炭、石油等能源的逐渐枯竭，人类越来越重视可再生能源的利用。风能作为一种清洁的可再生能源越来越受到世界各国的重视。对于缺水、缺燃料和交通不便的沿海岛屿、草原牧区、山区和高原地带，因地制宜地利用风力发电，非常适合，大有可为。风力发电是指利用风电机组把风的动能转换为电能。
风电补贴的逐步取消和平价上网不仅对降低风电设备的价格提出了很高要求，同时对现场安装解决方案也提出了很高的要求。尤其是对于安装成本较高、作业窗口期较短的海上风电机组的安装，提高风电机组的安装效率迫在眉睫。
当前，国内大兆瓦海上风电机组的安装过程中，叶片一般采用小型驳船运输。由于小型驳船在海中受风浪影响较大，极易出现很大幅度的横摇和垂荡，单叶片吊具无法安装到叶片上，且由于单叶片吊具较重(有些甚至能达70多吨)，如果强行安装，则很容易会挤压并损坏叶片。
基于以上情况，叶片由小型运输驳船运输到风场的机位点后须先将叶片过驳到安装船上，然后，在安装船上安装单叶片吊具，由单叶片吊具夹持住叶片，再进行叶片的安装。
然而，叶片的过驳需要时间，不但增加了海上风电机组的整体安装时间，增加吊装成本，而且还需要在安装船上专门预留出叶片的临时放置区域，提高了对安装船的要求，降低了安装船的可选范围，因此，很大程度上降低了安装的效率，增加了安装的总成本。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法，能够减少风机的安装时间，提升安装效率。
本发明实施例的一个方面提供一种单叶片免过驳安装设备。所述设备包括免过驳吊梁、设置于所述免过驳吊梁上的电动起重系统、以及用于承载所述单叶片的叶片运输吊 装支架。所述免过驳吊梁用于安装到安装平台起重机吊钩上并用于连接单叶片吊具，所述单叶片吊具用于夹持单叶片。所述电动起重系统包括控制器和叶片吊索，所述控制器用于控制所述叶片吊索的提升和下降。所述叶片吊索可与所述叶片运输吊装支架连接。
本发明实施例的另一个方面还提供一种单叶片免过驳安装方法。所述方法包括：将免过驳吊梁安装到安装平台起重吊钩上；将单叶片吊具安装到所述免过驳吊梁上；将所述免过驳吊梁连同所述单叶片吊具吊运至驳船上已放置在叶片运输吊装支架上的单叶片的正上方；控制设置于所述免过驳吊梁上的电动起重系统，放下叶片吊索；将所述叶片吊索连接到所述叶片运输吊装支架上；借助所述叶片运输吊装支架将所述单叶片吊起到所述单叶片吊具的安装位置；以及控制所述单叶片吊具夹持住所述单叶片以便于所述单叶片的安装。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法有效地解决了国内风电机组叶片安装过程中，叶片需要过驳的问题。
而且，本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法通过免去叶片过驳过程，实现降低叶片安装周期，达到整体减少风机安装时间的目的，提高安装船甲板利用率，从而，降低风机安装成本。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法可以增大施工船舶的适用性，提高叶片安装、检测的工作效率，规避叶片过驳环节中驳船不稳定造成损伤叶片的风险，提升大型海上风力发电机组的批量化安装效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备的立体示意图；
图2为图1所示的单叶片免过驳安装设备的正视图；
图3为本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法的一部分的流程图；
图4为本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法的另一部分的流程图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施例并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施例。相反，它们仅是与如所附 权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的装置的例子。
在本发明实施例使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本发明。除非另作定义，本发明实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“多个”或者“若干”表示两个及两个以上。除非另行指出，“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明，而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而且可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
图1和图2揭示了本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备10的图示。如图1和图2所示，本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备10包括免过驳吊梁11、电动起重系统12及叶片运输吊装支架13。免过驳吊梁11可以用于安装到安装平台起重机吊钩20上并用于连接单叶片吊具30，单叶片吊具30可以用来夹持单叶片40。电动起重系统12设置于免过驳吊梁11上，电动起重系统12包括控制器(未图示)和叶片吊索121，控制器用于控制叶片吊索121的提升和下降。叶片运输吊装支架13可以用来承载单叶片40，单叶片40可以放置于叶片运输吊装支架13上。电动起重系统12的叶片吊索121可与叶片运输吊装支架13连接，从而，电动起重系统12可以通过叶片运输吊装支架13将单叶片40吊起。
在免过驳吊梁11的上表面设置有用于安装的第一吊点(未图示)。免过驳吊梁11的第一吊点可以与第一吊索111固定连接，从而，通过第一吊索111将免过驳吊梁11装挂到安装平台起重机吊钩20上。第一吊索111例如可以包括2～4根。在免过驳吊梁11的下表面设置有用于安装的第二吊点(未图示)。免过驳吊梁11的第二吊点可以与第二吊索112固定连接，从而，通过第二吊索112将单叶片吊具30安装到免过驳吊梁11上。在图1中第二吊索112被示意性地示出为4根。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例的电动起重系统12可以包括两套，两套电动起重系统12分别对称地设置在免过驳吊梁11的相对两端。每套电动起重系统12包括两个电动起重系统12，每个电动起重系统12包括一根叶片吊索121，每个电动起重系统12中的控制器可以分别独立地控制一根叶片吊索121的提升和下降，从而，通过单独控制叶片吊索121的提升和下降，可以实现单叶片40的小角度倾斜和变桨。当然，在其他实施例中，本发明实施例的四个电动起重系统12可以共用一个控制器，从而，通过该控制器可以实现四个电动起重系统12上的叶片吊索121的同步提升和下降。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例的叶片运输吊装支架13具有与单叶片40相匹配的仿型接触面。例如，单叶片40的表面通常为曲面，在设计叶片运输吊装支架13的时候可以根据叶片运输吊装支架13与单叶片40接触处单叶片40的曲面形式，将叶片运输吊装支架13设计成该曲面形式，从而，可以保证叶片运输吊装支架13与单叶片40之间的有效接触面积。
在一些实施例中，本发明实施例的叶片运输吊装支架13在下方具有可供放置的支腿132，从而能够满足运输过程中的放置要求。在一些实施例中，叶片运输吊装支架13大体呈U型体，在U型体的上表面具有供叶片吊索121安装的安装吊点131，安装吊点131例如可以是吊耳或眼板，从而可以满足吊装的要求。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备10有效地解决了国内风电机组叶片安装过程中，叶片需要过驳的问题。
而且，本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备10通过免去叶片过驳过程，实现降低叶片安装周期，达到整体减少风机安装时间的目的，提高安装船甲板利用率，从而，降低风机安装成本。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备10可以增大施工船舶的适用性，提高叶片安装、检测的工作效率，规避叶片过驳环节中驳船不稳定造成损伤叶片的风险，提升大型海上风力发电机组的批量化安装效率。
图3揭示了本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法的一部分的流程图。如图3所示，本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法可以包括步骤S1至S7。
在步骤S1中，将免过驳吊梁11安装到安装平台起重吊钩上。
例如，可以通过第一吊索111将免过驳吊梁11装挂到安装平台起重机吊钩20上。
在步骤S2中，将单叶片吊具30安装到免过驳吊梁11上。
例如，可以通过第二吊索112将单叶片吊具30安装到免过驳吊梁11上。
在步骤S3中，将免过驳吊梁11连同单叶片吊具30吊运至驳船上已放置在叶片运输吊装支架13上的单叶片40的正上方。
可以提升安装平台起重机吊钩20来将免过驳吊梁11连同单叶片吊具30吊运至单叶片40的正上方。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法还可以包括：预先将单叶片40放置于叶片运输吊装支架13上。在一个实施例中，例如可以用2根软吊带兜住单叶片40的重心两侧的加强位置，通过软吊带抬吊起单叶片40后并将单叶片40放置于叶片运输吊装支架13上。
在步骤S4中，控制设置于免过驳吊梁11上的电动起重系统12，放下电动起重系统12中的叶片吊索121。
在一些实施例中，步骤S4中的控制设置于免过驳吊梁11上的电动起重系统12放下叶片吊索121可以包括：控制设置于免过驳吊梁11相对两侧的电动起重系统12伸出四根叶片吊索121，并下降四根叶片吊索121。
在步骤S5中，将叶片吊索121连接到叶片运输吊装支架13上。
例如，叶片运输吊装支架13大致呈U型体，将四根叶片吊索121分别与U型体左右上表面的安装吊点131固定安装，从而将叶片吊索121连接到叶片运输吊装支架13上。
在步骤S6中，借助叶片运输吊装支架13将单叶片40吊起到单叶片吊具30的安装位置。
在一些实施例中，步骤S6的借助叶片运输吊装支架13将单叶片40吊到单叶片吊具30的安装位置可以进一步包括步骤S61至步骤S62。
在步骤S61中，将单叶片40吊离驳船预定距离。
例如，可以将单叶片40吊离驳船1米左右的距离，从而使得单叶片40不受驳船摇荡的影响。
在步骤S61中可以使用安装平台起重机吊钩20或者使用电动起重系统12来提升单叶片40。但是，考虑到此时单叶片40还放置在驳船上，还在随驳船摇荡，单叶片吊具30和单叶片40之间的距离不确定，此时，如果直接用电动起重系统12收缩叶片吊索 121的方式来将单叶片40吊离，必然会缩短单叶片吊具30和单叶片40之间的距离(而此距离和浪高有关，也不确定)，再加上单叶片40刚被吊起瞬间很大概率会摆动，可能会使单叶片吊具30和单叶片40之间发生碰撞。而且，起吊过程中受风浪影响，会存在冲击载荷，该冲击对电动起重系统12的影响会比对安装平台起重机吊钩20的影响更大。因此，在一个优选的实施例中，步骤S61中的将单叶片40吊离驳船预定距离可以包括：提升安装平台起重机吊钩20来将单叶片40吊离驳船预定距离，并且，在将单叶片40吊离驳船预定距离时，停止安装平台起重机吊钩20。
在步骤S62中，待单叶片40稳定后再使用电动起重系统12提升叶片，控制电动起重系统12使叶片吊索121收缩以将单叶片40缓缓吊起并靠近单叶片吊具30的安装位置。
在步骤S7中，控制开启单叶片吊具30的夹持功能，使单叶片吊具30夹持住单叶片40以便于单叶片40的安装。
图4揭示了本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法的另一部分的流程图。如图4所示，本发明一个实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法还可以进一步包括步骤S8至步骤S10。
在步骤S8中，待单叶片吊具30与单叶片40有效夹持后，释放叶片运输吊装支架13。
步骤S8的释放叶片运输吊装支架13可以包括：控制免过驳吊梁11上的电动起重系统12，释放叶片吊索121，将叶片运输吊装支架13缓缓放下并搁置在驳船上。
在步骤S9中，拆除叶片运输吊装支架13与叶片吊索121之间的连接。
在步骤S10中，将单叶片40提升到叶片的安装位置，以完成单叶片40的安装。
可以提升安装平台起重机吊钩20来将免过驳吊梁11及夹持住单叶片40的单叶片吊具30整体提升到叶片的安装位置。
在一些实施例中，在步骤S9中的拆除叶片运输吊装支架13与叶片吊索121之间的连接之后及步骤S10中的提升单叶片40至叶片的安装位置之前，本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法还可以包括步骤S11。在步骤S11中，控制电动起重系统12收缩回叶片吊索121。
本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装方法具有与上面所述的单叶片免过驳安装设备 10相类似的有益技术效果，故，在此不再赘述。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法进行了详细的介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明实施例的单叶片免过驳安装设备及其方法进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想，并不用以限制本发明。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神和原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也均应落入本发明所附权利要求书的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种单叶片免过驳安装设备，包括：
    免过驳吊梁，用于安装到安装平台起重机吊钩上并用于连接单叶片吊具，所述单叶片吊具用于夹持单叶片；
    电动起重系统，设置于所述免过驳吊梁上，所述电动起重系统包括控制器和叶片吊索，所述控制器用于控制所述叶片吊索的提升和下降；以及
    叶片运输吊装支架，用于承载所述单叶片，其中，所述叶片吊索可与所述叶片运输吊装支架连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：在所述免过驳吊梁的上下表面分别设置有第一吊点和第二吊点，所述免过驳吊梁的所述第一吊点通过第一吊索装挂到所述安装平台起重机吊钩上，所述单叶片吊具通过第二吊索安装到所述免过驳吊梁的所述第二吊点上。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：所述电动起重系统包括两套，所述两套电动起重系统分别对称地设置在所述免过驳吊梁的相对两端。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于：每套电动起重系统分别包括两个所述电动起重系统，每个所述电动起重系统包括一根所述叶片吊索，每个所述电动起重系统中的控制器分别独立地控制一根所述叶片吊索的提升和下降。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：所述叶片运输吊装支架具有与所述单叶片相匹配的仿型接触面。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：所述叶片运输吊装支架在下方具有可供放置的支腿。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于：所述叶片运输吊装支架大体呈U型体，在所述U型体的上表面具有供所述叶片吊索安装的安装吊点。
  8. 一种单叶片免过驳安装方法，其特征在于：其包括：
    将免过驳吊梁安装到安装平台起重吊钩上；
    将单叶片吊具安装到所述免过驳吊梁上；
    将所述免过驳吊梁连同所述单叶片吊具吊运至驳船上已放置在叶片运输吊装支架上的单叶片的正上方；
    控制设置于所述免过驳吊梁上的电动起重系统，放下叶片吊索；
    将所述叶片吊索连接到所述叶片运输吊装支架上；
    借助所述叶片运输吊装支架将所述单叶片吊起到所述单叶片吊具的安装位置；以及
    控制所述单叶片吊具夹持住所述单叶片以便于所述单叶片的安装。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：所述借助所述叶片运输吊装支架将所述单叶片吊到所述单叶片吊具的安装位置包括：
    将所述单叶片吊离所述驳船预定距离；
    控制所述电动起重系统使所述叶片吊索收缩以将所述单叶片吊起到所述单叶片吊具的安装位置。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于：所述将所述单叶片吊离所述驳船预定距离包括：
    提升所述安装平台起重机吊钩来将所述单叶片吊离所述驳船预定距离，并且，在将所述单叶片吊离所述驳船预定距离时，停止所述安装平台起重机吊钩。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的方法，还包括：
    释放所述叶片运输吊装支架；
    拆除所述叶片运输吊装支架与所述叶片吊索之间的连接；及
    将所述单叶片提升到叶片的安装位置，以完成所述单叶片的安装。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于：所述释放所述叶片运输吊装支架包括：
    控制所述电动起重系统释放所述叶片吊索，将所述叶片运输吊装支架放下并搁置在所述驳船上。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于：在拆除所述叶片运输吊装支架与所述叶片吊索之间的连接之后提升所述单叶片至叶片的安装位置之前，所述方法还包括：
    控制所述电动起重系统收缩回所述叶片吊索。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于：所述将所述单叶片提升到叶片的安装位置包括：
    提升所述安装平台起重机吊钩来将所述免过驳吊梁及夹持住所述单叶片的所述单叶片吊具整体提升到叶片的安装位置。
  15. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：通过第一吊索将所述免过驳吊梁装挂到所述安装平台起重机吊钩上。
  16. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：通过第二吊索将所述单叶片吊具安装到所述免过驳吊梁上。
  17. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：提升所述安装平台起重机吊钩来将所述免过驳吊梁连同所述单叶片吊具吊运至所述单叶片的正上方。
  18. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：还包括：
    预先将所述单叶片放置于所述叶片运输吊装支架上。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于：所述预先将所述单叶片放置于所述叶片运输吊装支架上包括：
    用软吊带兜住所述单叶片的重心两侧的位置；及
    通过所述软吊带抬吊起所述单叶片并放置于所述叶片运输吊装支架上。
  20. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：所述控制设置于所述免过驳吊梁上的电动起重系统放下所述叶片吊索包括：
    控制设置于所述免过驳吊梁相对两侧的所述电动起重系统伸出四根所述叶片吊索，并下降四个所述叶片吊索。
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