WO2022073520A1 - 一种线缆 - Google Patents

一种线缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022073520A1
WO2022073520A1 PCT/CN2021/122925 CN2021122925W WO2022073520A1 WO 2022073520 A1 WO2022073520 A1 WO 2022073520A1 CN 2021122925 W CN2021122925 W CN 2021122925W WO 2022073520 A1 WO2022073520 A1 WO 2022073520A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
conductive
insulating layer
metal wire
wire harness
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PCT/CN2021/122925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南寅
朱金保
刘芳
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天津首瑞智能电气有限公司
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Publication of WO2022073520A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022073520A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/12—Measuring electrostatic fields or voltage-potential
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of arc fault and power fire monitoring and protection, and in particular, to a cable for arc fault and power fire monitoring and protection.
  • the AC fault arc in the power system is one of the main causes of electrical fires.
  • the hazard is to cause a fire or even an explosion.
  • the core temperature will reach thousands of degrees, and some metal melts will appear.
  • the high temperature and heat generated by the fault arc will easily ignite the line insulation layer, resulting in line fire. If there are highly flammable items around the fault arc, it will cause a fire and cause harm to property and life and health. Therefore, as the accidents caused by arc faults become more and more prominent, the requirements for detection of arc faults are becoming more and more urgent, and there are more and more researches on arc faults. Safe operation plays a very important role.
  • Traditional arc detection usually adopts the method of collecting the voltage and current of the line, and comparing the waveform with the pre-stored fault wave to judge whether the fault arc has occurred in the line. Due to the complexity of the load, this method often has a high probability of misjudgment. In order to avoid misjudgment caused by the load, how to quickly receive the arc signal and transmit the arc signal to the photoelectric receiving device is the key to improve the arc fault detection.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a cable for arc fault and power fire monitoring and protection.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a cable, which includes a conductive wire and an insulating layer, the conductive wire is wrapped by the insulating layer, and is provided in an inner cavity, a peripheral groove or outside of the conductive wire.
  • a cable which includes a conductive wire and an insulating layer, the conductive wire is wrapped by the insulating layer, and is provided in an inner cavity, a peripheral groove or outside of the conductive wire.
  • There is at least one conductive non-metallic wire bundle and/or conductive metal wire bundle the non-metallic wire bundle and metal wire bundle are wrapped by a second insulating layer, and the second insulating layer is heated by the conductive wire or when the external heat exceeds 120°C, After the insulating performance of the second insulating layer is degraded to the point of failure, the non-metal wire bundle, the metal wire bundle and the conductive wire are electrically connected to each other through the ionized arc channel.
  • the insulating layer and the second insulating layer are made of at least one of engineering plastics and fireproof materials that can generate an acid source, a carbon source, and a gas source at a high temperature.
  • non-metal wire bundle and the metal wire bundle do not exceed 30% of the outer diameter of the conductive wire.
  • the fireproof material is arranged in engineering plastics.
  • the engineering plastics and fireproof materials generate inert gas when heated or burned.
  • the fireproof material is cured after the fireproof liquid is disposed inside the engineering plastic.
  • the engineering plastic or fireproof material when encounters a temperature exceeding 120° C., it can expand to at least twice its original volume, and the material includes an acid source, a carbon source, and a gas source.
  • the insulating layer and the second insulating layer are one or a combination of several materials selected from fluoropolymer, silicone polymer, PVC, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyolefin, intumescent flame retardant material, and insulating paint.
  • the non-metallic wiring harness receives and transmits the electrical potential.
  • the cable is connected to the outlet end of the arc or insulation protection switch
  • the conductive wire is connected to the main conductive path of the arc or insulation protection switch
  • the non-metallic wire harness and the metal wire harness are connected to the arc or insulation protection switch.
  • An electronic controller of an insulation protection switch the electronic controller receives the potential potential of the non-metallic wire harness, the metal wire harness and the conductive wire.
  • the at least one cable is connected to at least the positive pole and/or the negative pole, or the L pole and/or the N pole of the arc or insulation protection switch.
  • the electronic controller of the arc or insulation protection switch analyzes the connected electric potential of the conductive wire and the electric potential of the non-metallic wire harness and the metallic wire harness, and calculates the amount of change in the difference between them.
  • the control threshold value is the output signal for local or remote communication alarm or output control signal, the control signal controls the arc protection switch to open, so as to realize arc or insulation fault protection.
  • the arc or insulation protection switch is provided with a communication module to report the arc fault event to the upper-level master station or upper-level equipment.
  • the communication module adopts wireless communication and/or wired communication
  • the wireless communication includes at least one of 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT and LoRa
  • the wired communication includes HPLC, At least one of PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet and Profibus.
  • the conductive wire and the arc sensing cluster are arranged in parallel. After the arc is generated, the high temperature characteristic and the conductive characteristic of the arc are used to destroy the second insulating layer between the conductive wire and the conductor by using the high temperature characteristic.
  • the conductive wire and the conductor of the arc sensing cluster are electrically connected for a short time. In this way, the arc sensing cluster senses the arc signal and transmits the signal to the receiver through the arc sensing cluster.
  • the arc is completed in a very short time. perception and transmission. It effectively avoids the misjudgment caused by the traditional arc detection device due to factors such as load, noise interference, and weather changes, and ensures the normal operation of the power equipment.
  • This technical solution has high identification accuracy by monitoring the change of the potential difference between the conductive wire and the conductor, and has no hidden short-circuit risk by connecting different phases or extremely conductive wires and conductors, and has high safety.
  • the arc protection switch of this technical solution has a communication module and a local indication function, and can locally display and/or upload the information of the arc fault event through remote communication, which is convenient for the rapid positioning, analysis, processing and information aggregation and analysis of the fault event.
  • the conductive wire of this technical solution is provided with hollow or groove features, which is beneficial to increase the surface area in contact with the air, and is beneficial to reduce the temperature rise without increasing the outer diameter.
  • the conductive wire of this technical solution is provided with a hollow feature, which helps to save the use of conductive materials by utilizing the skin effect when conducting alternating current or high-frequency current, and still achieves the same current-carrying capacity without increasing the outer diameter. It is beneficial to reduce the consumption of conductive materials and further save energy and reduce emissions.
  • the conductor of this technical solution is made of steel wire strands with better tensile strength and toughness than the conductive wire, which has higher advantages in ensuring the continuity and non-breakage of the conductor during use, and at the same time improves the overall wire.
  • Mechanical properties such as tensile strength of the cable.
  • the non-metallic wire harness of this technical solution or the engineering plastic used in the second insulating layer generates an inert gas during combustion, which is helpful for extinguishing the arc when the cable generates an arc.
  • the non-metallic wire harness or the expanded insulating paint used in the second insulating layer of this technical solution helps to block and extinguish the arc when the cable is generated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cable structure proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cable structure proposed by the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cable structure proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cable connection switch proposed by the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cable structure proposed by the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cable structure proposed by the application.
  • a cable proposed in this technical solution includes a conductive wire 10 and an insulating layer 12, the conductive wire 10 is wrapped by the insulating layer 12, and the conductive wire 10 is wrapped by the insulating layer 12. At least one conductive non-metallic wire bundle 11-1 and/or conductive metal wire bundle 11-2 is provided in the inner cavity 10-1 of the wire 10, the peripheral groove 10-2 or the outside, the non-metallic wire bundle 11- 1.
  • the metal wire harness 11-2 is wrapped by the second insulating layer 12-2, wherein, when the second insulating layer 12-2 is heated by the conductive wire 10 or the external heat exceeds 120°C, the second insulating layer 12-2 After the insulation performance is reduced to the point of failure, the non-metal wire bundle 11-1, the metal wire bundle 11-2 and the conductive wire 10 are electrically connected to each other through the ionized arc channel.
  • the insulating layer 12 and the second insulating layer 12-2 are made of at least one of engineering plastics 12-3 and fireproof materials 12-4 that can generate acid sources, carbon sources, and gas sources at high temperatures.
  • the non-metal wire harness 11 - 1 and the metal wire harness 11 - 2 do not exceed 30% of the outer diameter of the conductive wire 10 .
  • the fireproof material 12-3 is arranged in the engineering plastic 12-4.
  • the engineering plastic 12-3 and the fireproof material 12-4 generate inert gas or other types of gas when heated or burned.
  • the fireproof material 12-3 is a fireproof liquid disposed inside the engineering plastic 12-4 and then cured.
  • the engineering plastic 12-3 or the fireproof material 12-4 can expand to at least twice the original volume when the temperature exceeds 120°C, and the material includes an acid source, a carbon source, and a gas source.
  • the insulating layer 12 and the second insulating layer 12-2 are one or a combination of several materials selected from fluoropolymer, silicone polymer, PVC, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyolefin, intumescent flame retardant material, and insulating paint.
  • the non-metallic wire harness 11-1, the metallic wire harness 11-2 receive and transmit an electric potential.
  • the cable is connected to the outlet end 13-1 of the arc or insulation protection switch 13, the conductive wire 10 is connected to the main conductive path of the arc or insulation protection switch 13, the non-metallic wire harness 11-1, the metal wire harness 11-2 is connected to the electronic controller 13-2 of the arc or insulation protection switch 13, the electronic controller 13-2 receives the non-metallic wire harness 11-1, the metal wire harness 11-2 and the conductive wire 10 the potential potential.
  • the at least one cable is connected to at least the positive pole and/or the negative pole, or the L pole and/or the N pole of the arc or insulation protection switch 13 .
  • the electronic controller 13-2 of the arc or insulation protection switch 13 analyzes the electric potential of the connected conductive wire 10 and the electric potential of the non-metallic wire harness 11-1 and the metallic wire harness 11-2, and calculates the difference between them The change amount of , reaches the control threshold value after calculation, that is, output signal for local or remote communication alarm or output control signal, the control signal controls the arc protection switch 13 to open, so as to realize arc or insulation fault protection.
  • the arc or insulation protection switch 13 is provided with a communication module 13-3 to report the arc fault event to the upper-level master station or upper-level equipment.
  • the communication module 13-3 adopts wireless communication and/or wired communication.
  • the wireless communication includes at least one of 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT, and LoRa.
  • the wired communication Including at least one of communication methods such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet and Profibus.
  • a non-metal wire harness 11-1 is arranged in the cavity 10-1, as shown in Figures 1 and 2; a metal wire harness 11-2 is arranged in the cavity 10-1, as shown in Figures 1 and 2;
  • the cavity 10-1 is provided with a non-metallic wire harness/11-1 and a metal wire harness 11-2, as shown in FIG. 3;
  • the conductive wire 10 is provided with a peripheral groove 10-2, as shown in FIG. 5,
  • the metallic wire harness 11-1 and/or the non-metallic wire harness 11-2 are arranged in the groove 10-2; or the outer periphery of the conductive wire 10 is provided with the metallic wire harness 11-1 and/or the non-metallic wire harness 11- 2, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the non-metallic wire harness 11-2 is made of conductive carbon fiber 11-4, as shown in Figure 2;
  • the metal wire bundle 11-1 is covered by a second insulating layer 12-2.
  • the conductive wire 10 and the metal wire bundle 11-1 are made of one or more material combinations or alloys of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, iron, manganese, nickel, and tin.
  • a typical usage scenario of the cable using the above metal wire harness 11-1 is as follows: it also includes a cable provided with a conductive wire 10 and an insulating layer 12, and the metal wire harness 11-1 is arranged on In the inner cavity 10-1 of the conductive wire 10, the metal wire bundle 11-1 is covered by a second insulating layer 12-2.
  • the cable is connected to the outlet end 13-1 of the arc protection switch 13, the conductive wire 10 is connected to the main conductive path of the arc protection switch 13, and the metal wire harness 11-1 is connected to the arc protection switch 13
  • the electronic controller 13-2, the electronic controller 13-2 receives the electrical potential of the metal wire harness 11-1 and the conductive wire 10.
  • the electronic controller 13-2 of the arc protection switch 13 analyzes the electric potential of the connected conductive wire 10 and the electric potential of the metal wire harness 11-1, and calculates the amount of change in the difference between them. After calculation, the control is achieved.
  • the threshold value is the output signal for local or remote communication alarm or output control signal, and the control signal controls the arc protection switch 13 to open, thereby realizing arc fault protection.
  • the metal wire harness 11-1 prohibits manual access to the arc protection switch 13 and its main conductive path.
  • the at least one cable is connected to at least the positive pole and/or the negative pole, or the L pole, of the arc protection switch 13 .
  • the arc protection switch 13 is provided with a communication module 13-3 to report the arc fault event to the upper-level master station or upper-level equipment.
  • the communication module 13-3 adopts wireless communication and/or wired communication.
  • the wireless communication includes at least one of 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT, and LoRa.
  • the wired communication Including at least one of communication methods such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN, DeviceNet and Profibus.
  • the arc bakes the non-metallic wire harness 11-1 and the metal wire harness 11-2 using the fireproof material 12-4. Coatings of flame retardants, etc., help to block and extinguish the arc when the cable is generated.
  • a typical usage scenario of the cables of the non-metallic wire harness 11-1 and the metal wire harness 11-2 using the above fireproof material 12-4 is: a cable provided with a conductive wire 10 and an insulating layer 12 is also included, and the fireproof material 12 is used. -4 The non-metal wire bundle 11-1 and the metal wire bundle 11-2 are arranged in the inner cavity 10-1 of the conductive wire 10.
  • the damage of the second insulating layer 12-2 or the virtual connection of the cable terminals causes arcing.
  • the arc temperature generally exceeds 1,000 degrees Celsius, and the arc baking adopts fire-resistant materials 12-4.
  • the fire-resistant materials 12-4 such as intumescent flame retardant insulating materials, coatings with IFR intumescent flame retardants, etc., have It is helpful for the blocking and extinguishing of the arc when the cable is generated.
  • the flame retardant mechanism of IFR is that when heated to a certain temperature, the acid source releases acid substances, which are esterified and dehydrated with polyols to promote carbon, which expands under the action of the inert gas released by the gas source to form carbon with thermal insulation and oxygen resistance. layer, thereby contributing to the blocking and extinguishing of the arc when the cable generates an arc.
  • the typical usage scenario of the cable using the above non-metallic wire harness conductive carbon fiber 11-2 is: it also includes a cable provided with a conductive wire 10 and an insulating layer 12, and the non-metallic wire harness is used to conduct electricity.
  • the carbon fibers 11-2 are arranged in the inner cavity 10-1 of the conductive wire 10, and the non-metallic wire bundle 11-2 is covered by a second insulating layer 12-2.
  • the cable is connected to the outlet end 13-1 of the arc protection switch 13, the conductive wire 10 is connected to the main conductive path of the arc protection switch 13, and the non-metallic wire harness 11-2 is connected to the arc protection switch
  • the electronic controller 13-2 of 13 receives the potential potential of the non-metallic wire harness 11-2 and the conductive wire 10.
  • the electronic controller 13-2 of the arc protection switch 13 analyzes the electric potential of the connected conductive wire 10 and the electric potential of the non-metallic wire harness conductive carbon fiber 11-2, and calculates the amount of change in the difference between them. When the control threshold value is reached, the output signal performs local or remote communication alarm or output control signal, and the control signal controls the arc protection switch 13 to open, thereby realizing arc fault protection.
  • the non-metallic wire harness conductive carbon fibers 11-2 are prohibited from being manually connected to the arc protection switch 13 and its main conductive path.
  • the resistivity of the non-metallic wire conductive carbon fiber 11-2 is usually 8* 10-5 ohm meters, which is three orders of magnitude different from the copper resistivity of 1.7* 10-8 ohm meters.
  • the length is set until the voltage of the receiving end is not lower than 12V.
  • the at least one cable is connected to at least the positive pole and/or the negative pole, or the L pole, of the arc protection switch 13 .

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种线缆，包括导电线、绝缘层，所述导电线被所述绝缘层包裹，在所述导电线的内部空腔中、周边凹槽或外部设置有至少一根导电的非金属线束和/或导电的金属线束，所述非金属线束、金属线束被第二绝缘层包裹，所述第二绝缘层受导电线发热或外界发热超过120℃时，所述第二绝缘层绝缘性能下降至破坏后，所述非金属线束、金属线束与导电线通过电离的电弧通道相互导电连通。本方案实现在极短的时间内完成电弧的感知及传递。有效避免了传统电弧检测装置因负载、噪音干扰、天气变化等因素的影响导致产生误判，保证了电力设备的正常运行。本方案有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的阻断及熄灭。

Description

一种线缆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2020年10月10日提交的名称为“一种线缆”的中国专利申请202011077388.7的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电弧故障、电力火灾监测保护技术领域，特别涉及一种电弧故障、电力火灾监测保护用的线缆。
背景技术
随着电力电子技术的不断发展，电气化程度越来越高，电路保护也越来越重要。而许多严重的电气事故如电气火灾等给人们的生命财产安全带来了极大的损失和威胁，电力系统中出现的交流故障电弧是引起电气火灾的主要原因之一，故障电弧的最主要的危害就是引起火灾甚至是爆炸，当它产生时中心温度会达到上千度，并且伴随着一些金属熔化物出现。此外，故障电弧产生的高温高热，会很容易引燃线路绝缘层，从而导致线路起火。如果故障电弧周围存在极易燃烧的物品，就会导致火灾的发生，对财产和生命健康造成危害。因此，随着电弧故障引起的事故越来越凸显，对电弧故障进行检测的要求越来越迫切，针对电弧故障的研究也越来越多，如何有效的对电弧进行检测，对电力设备的正常安全运行具有非常重要的作用。
传统电弧检测通常采用采集线路的电压、电流，与其预存的故障波做波形比对的方式判断线路是否发生了故障电弧。这种方法由于负载的复杂性，往往存在很高的误判几率。为了避免负载带来的误判，如何快速接收电弧信号、并将电弧信号传递至光电接收装置上是提高电弧故障检测的关键。
在以往专利“CN201811443264.9一种用于接收和传递电弧信号的线缆”中提及了一种用于接收和传递电弧信号的线缆的基本构成与制备方法，但在针对如何应用方面还存在很大的差距。
发明内容
本申请实施方式的目的是提供一种用于电弧故障、电力火灾监测保护的线缆。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施方式提供一种线缆，包括导电线、绝缘层，所述导电线被所述绝缘层包裹，在所述导电线的内部空腔中、周边凹槽或外部设置有至少一根导电的非金属线束和/或导电的金属线束，所述非金属线束、金属线束被第二绝缘层包裹，所述第二绝缘层受导电线发热或外界发热超过120℃时，所述第二绝缘层绝缘性能下降至破坏后，所述非金属线束、金属线束与导电线通过电离的电弧通道相互导电连通。
进一步地，所述绝缘层、第二绝缘层由在高温时能产生酸源、炭源、气源的工程塑料、防火材料中的至少一种。
进一步地，非金属线束、金属线束不超过导电线外径的30％。
进一步地，所述防火材料设置在工程塑料内。
进一步地，所述工程塑料、防火材料在受热或燃烧时产生惰性气体。
进一步地，所述防火材料为防火液体设置在工程塑料内部后固化。
进一步地，所述工程塑料或防火材料遇到超过120℃的温度时，能膨胀为原有体积的至少两倍，材料包括酸源、炭源、气源。
进一步地，所述绝缘层、第二绝缘层为氟聚合物、有机硅聚合物、PVC、聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚烯烃、膨胀阻燃材料、绝缘漆中的一种或几种材料组合。
进一步地，非金属线束、金属线束接收并传递电势。
进一步地，所述线缆连接到电弧或绝缘保护开关的出线端，所述导电线连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关的主导电通路，所述非金属线束、金属 线束连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关的电子控制器，所述电子控制器接收所述非金属线束、金属线束和所述导电线的电势位。
进一步地，所述至少一根线缆至少连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关的正极和/或负极、或L极和/或N极。
进一步地，所述电弧或绝缘保护开关的电子控制器分析所接入的所述导电线电势与所述非金属线束、金属线束电势，并计算其之间差值的变化量，经过计算后达到控制门限值即输出信号进行本地或远程通信报警或输出控制信号，所述控制信号控制所述电弧保护开关分闸，从而实现电弧或绝缘故障保护。
进一步地，所述电弧或绝缘保护开关设置通信模块，将电弧故障事件上报上级主站或上级设备。
进一步地，所述通信模块采用无线通信和/或有线通信方式，所述无线通信包括4G、5G、WIFI、BLE、ZigBee、NB-IoT和LoRa中的至少一种，所述有线通信包括HPLC、PLC、RS485、LAN、CAN、DeviceNet和Profibus中的至少一种。
有益效果：
1.本技术方案通过平行设置导电线与电弧感知集束的方式，在电弧产生后，利用电弧的高温特性与导电特性，通过利用高温特性使导电线与导电体之间的第二绝缘层破坏，通过利用电弧的导电特性使导电线与电弧感知集束的导电体短暂电导通，通过这样的方式电弧感知集束感知电弧信号并通过电弧感知集束把信号传递给接受体，在极短的时间内完成电弧的感知及传递。有效避免了传统电弧检测装置因负载、噪音干扰、天气变化等因素的影响导致产生误判，保证了电力设备的正常运行。
2.本技术方案通过监测导电线与导电体电势差变化的方式，识别准确度高，无采用接入不同相或极导电线与导电体的方式隐藏的短路风险，安全性高。
3.本技术方案的电弧保护开关具有通信模块和就地指示功能，能把故障电弧事件信息进行本地显示和/或远程通信上传，便于故障事件的快速定位、分析、处理及信息汇总分析。
4.本技术方案的导电线设置有空心或凹槽特征，有利于增大与空气接触的表面积，利于温升的降低并且不增加外径尺寸。
5.本技术方案的导电线设置有空心特征，在传导交流或高频电流时，有助于利用集肤效应节约导电材料的使用，仍能达到同等载流能力并且不增加外径尺寸。有利于减少导电材料的消耗，进一步节能减排。
6.本技术方案的导电体采用抗拉强度，韧性比导电线更好的钢丝绞线等材料，在保障导电体使用过程中连续性、不断裂方面具有更高的优势，同时提高了整体线缆的抗拉强度等力学性能指标。
7.本技术方案的非金属线束或第二绝缘层所采用的工程塑料在燃烧时产生惰性气体有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的熄灭。
8.本技术方案的非金属线束或第二绝缘层所采用的膨胀绝缘涂料有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的阻断及熄灭。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请提出的线缆结构的实施例的示意图。
图2为本申请提出的线缆结构的另一实施例的示意图。
图3为本申请提出的线缆结构的另一实施例的示意图。
图4为本申请提出的线缆连接开关的原理图。
图5为本申请提出的线缆结构的其它实施例的示意图。
图6为本申请提出的线缆结构的其它实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本发明的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本发明的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本发明可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本发明的示例来提供对本发明的更好的理解。本发明决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置和算法，而是在不脱离本发明的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件和算法的任何修改、替换和改进。
如图1-6所示，为本技术方案提出的一种线缆，一种线缆，包括导电线10、绝缘层12，所述导电线10被所述绝缘层12包裹，在所述导电线10的内部空腔10-1中、周边凹槽10-2或外部设置有至少一根导电的非金属线束11-1和/或导电的金属线束11-2，所述非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2被第二绝缘层12-2包裹，其中，所述第二绝缘层12-2受导电线10发热或外界发热超过120℃时，所述第二绝缘层12-2绝缘性能下降至破坏后，所述非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2与导电线10通过电离的电弧通道相互导电连通。
所述绝缘层12、第二绝缘层12-2由在高温时能产生酸源、炭源、气源的工程塑料12-3、防火材料12-4中的至少一种。
非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2不超过导电线10外径的30％。
所述防火材料12-3设置在工程塑料12-4内。
所述工程塑料12-3、防火材料12-4在受热或燃烧时产生惰性气体或其他类型的气体。
所述防火材料12-3为防火液体设置在工程塑料12-4内部后固化。
所述工程塑料12-3或防火材料12-4遇到超过120℃的温度时，能膨胀为原有体积的至少两倍，材料包括酸源、炭源、气源。
所述绝缘层12、第二绝缘层12-2为氟聚合物、有机硅聚合物、PVC、聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚烯烃、膨胀阻燃材料、绝缘漆中的一种或几种材料组合。
非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2接收并传递电势。
所述线缆连接到电弧或绝缘保护开关13的出线端13-1，所述导电线10连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关13的主导电通路，所述非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关13的电子控制器13-2，所述电子控制器13-2接收所述非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2和所述导电线10的电势位。
所述至少一根线缆至少连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关13的正极和/或负极、或L极和/或N极。
所述电弧或绝缘保护开关13的电子控制器13-2分析所接入的所述导电线10电势与所述非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2电势，并计算其之间差值的变化量，经过计算后达到控制门限值即输出信号进行本地或远程通信报警或输出控制信号，控制信号所述控制所述电弧保护开关13分闸，从而实现电弧或绝缘故障保护。
所述电弧或绝缘保护开关13设置通信模块13-3，将所述电弧故障事件上报上级主站或上级设备。
所述通信模块13-3采用无线通信和/或有线通信方式，所述无线通信包括4G、5G、WIFI、BLE、ZigBee、NB-IoT和LoRa等通信方式中的至少一种，所述有线通信包括HPLC、PLC、RS485、LAN、CAN、DeviceNet和Profibus等通信方式中的至少一种。
在所述空腔10-1中设置有非金属线束11-1，如图1、2所示；在所述空腔10-1中设置有金属线束11-2如图1、2所示；在所述空腔10-1中设置有非金属线束/11-1和金属线束11-2如图3所示；所述导电线10设置有周边凹槽10-2，如图5所示，所述金属线束11-1和/或非金属线束11-2设置在所述凹槽10-2中；或导电线10外部周边设置有所述金属线束11-1和/或非金属线束11-2，如图6所示。
所述非金属线束11-2的材料为导电碳纤维11-4，如图2；
如图2所示，所述金属线束11-1被第二绝缘层12-2包覆。
所述导电线10、金属线束11-1的材料为金、银、铜、铝、铁、锰、镍、锡中的一种或几种材料组合或合金制备。
如图2、图4所示，采用以上金属线束11-1的线缆的典型使用场景为：还包括设置有导电线10、绝缘层12的线缆，所述采用金属线束11-1设置在所述导电线10的内部空腔10-1中，所述金属线束11-1被第二绝缘层12-2包覆。所述线缆连接到电弧保护开关13的出线端13-1，所述导电线10连接到所述电弧保护开关13的主导电通路，所述金属线束11-1连接到所述电弧保护开关13的电子控制器13-2，所述电子控制器13-2接收所述金属线束11-1和所述导电线10的电势位。所述电弧保护开关13的电子控制器13-2分析所接入的所述导电线10电势与所述金属线束11-1电势，并计算其之间差值的变化量，经过计算后达到控制门限值即输出信号进行本地或远程通信报警或输出控制信号，控制信号所述控制所述电弧保护开关13分闸，从而实现电弧故障保护。所述金属线束11-1禁止人工接 入所述的电弧保护开关13的及其贯通的主导电通路。所述至少一根线缆至少连接到所述电弧保护开关13的正极和/或负极、或L极。
所述电弧保护开关13设置通信模块13-3，将所述电弧故障事件上报上级主站或上级设备。所述通信模块13-3采用无线通信和/或有线通信方式，所述无线通信包括4G、5G、WIFI、BLE、ZigBee、NB-IoT和LoRa等通信方式中的至少一种，所述有线通信包括HPLC、PLC、RS485、LAN、CAN、DeviceNet和Profibus等通信方式中的至少一种。
如图4所示，电弧烘烤所述采用防火材料12-4的非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2，所述防火材料12-4，如膨胀阻燃绝缘材料、添加有IFR膨胀阻燃剂的涂料等，有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的阻断及熄灭。
采用以上防火材料12-4的非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2的线缆的典型使用场景为：还包括设置有导电线10、绝缘层12的线缆，所述采用防火材料12-4的非金属线束11-1、金属线束11-2设置在所述导电线10的内部空腔10-1中，当所述线缆作为导电线介质传输电能的时候，由于某种原因产生的第二绝缘层12-2破坏或所述线缆接线端部的虚接造成电弧产生。所述电弧温度一般都会超过一千摄氏度，电弧烘烤所述采用防火材料12-4，所述防火材料12-4，如膨胀阻燃绝缘材料、添加有IFR膨胀阻燃剂的涂料等，有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的阻断及熄灭。IFR的阻燃机理为加热到一定温度，酸源释放出酸类物质，与多元醇酯化脱水促成炭，在气源释放的惰性气体的作用下发生膨胀，形成具有隔热阻氧作用的炭层，从而有助于所述线缆产生电弧时的阻断及熄灭。
如图2、图4所示，采用以上非金属线束导电碳纤维11-2的线缆的典型使用场景为：还包括设置有导电线10、绝缘层12的线缆，所述采用非金属线束导电碳纤维11-2设置在所述导电线10的内部空腔10-1中，所述非金属线束11-2被第二绝缘层12-2包覆。所述线缆连接到电弧保护开关 13的出线端13-1，所述导电线10连接到所述电弧保护开关13的主导电通路，所述非金属线束11-2连接到所述电弧保护开关13的电子控制器13-2，所述电子控制器13-2接收所述非金属线束11-2和所述导电线10的电势位。所述电弧保护开关13的电子控制器13-2分析所接入的所述导电线10电势与所述非金属线束导电碳纤维11-2电势，并计算其之间差值的变化量，经过计算后达到控制门限值即输出信号进行本地或远程通信报警或输出控制信号，控制信号所述控制所述电弧保护开关13分闸，从而实现电弧故障保护。所述非金属线束导电碳纤维11-2禁止人工接入所述的电弧保护开关13的及其贯通的主导电通路。所述非金属线导电碳纤维11-2的电阻率通常为8*10 -5欧姆米，相较铜电阻率1.7*10 -8欧姆米相差三个数量级，因此在使用时不宜长度过长，通常长度的设置以接收端电压不低于12V为止。所述至少一根线缆至少连接到所述电弧保护开关13的正极和/或负极、或L极。
本发明可以以其他的具体形式实现，而不脱离其精神和本质特征。当前的实施例在所有方面都被看作是示例性的而非限定性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而非上述描述定义，并且，落入权利要求的含义和等同物的范围内的全部改变从而都被包括在本发明的范围之中。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种线缆，包括导电线(10)、绝缘层(12)，所述导电线(10)被所述绝缘层(12)包裹，在所述导电线(10)的内部空腔(10-1)中、周边凹槽(10-2)或外部设置有至少一根导电的非金属线束(11-1)和/或导电的金属线束(11-2)，所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)被第二绝缘层(12-2)包裹，所述第二绝缘层(12-2)受所述导电线(10)发热或外界发热超过120℃时，所述第二绝缘层(12-2)绝缘性能下降至破坏后，所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)与所述导电线(10)通过电离的电弧通道相互导电连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的线缆，其中：所述绝缘层(12)、所述第二绝缘层(12-2)由在高温时能产生酸源、炭源、气源的工程塑料(12-3)、防火材料(12-4)、氟聚合物、有机硅聚合物、PVC、聚氨酯、聚乙烯、聚烯烃、膨胀阻燃材料、绝缘漆中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的线缆，其中：所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)不超过所述导电线(10)外径的30％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的线缆，其中：所述防火材料(12-4)设置在所述工程塑料(12-3)内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的线缆，其中：所述工程塑料(12-3)、所述防火材料(12-4)在受热或燃烧时产生惰性气体。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的线缆，其中：所述防火材料(12-4)为防火液体设置在所述工程塑料(12-3)内部后固化。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的线缆，其中：所述工程塑料(12-3)或所述 防火材料(12-4)遇到超过120℃的温度时，能膨胀为原有体积的至少两倍，材料包括酸源、炭源、气源。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的线缆，其中：所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)接收并传递电势。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的线缆，其中：所述线缆连接到电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)的出线端(13-1)，所述导电线(10)连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)的主导电通路，所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)的电子控制器(13-2)，所述电子控制器(13-2)接收所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)和所述导电线(10)的电势位。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的线缆，其中：所述至少一根线缆至少连接到所述电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)的正极和/或负极、或L极和/或N极。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的线缆，其中：所述电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)的电子控制器(13-2)分析所接入的所述导电线(10)的电势与所述非金属线束(11-1)、所述金属线束(11-2)的电势，并计算其之间差值的变化量，经过计算后达到控制门限值即输出信号进行本地或远程通信报警或输出控制信号，所述控制信号控制所述电弧保护开关(13)分闸，从而实现电弧或绝缘故障保护。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的线缆，其中：所述电弧或绝缘保护开关(13)设置通信模块(13-3)，将电弧故障事件上报上级主站或上级设备。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的线缆，其中：所述通信模块(13-3)采用无线通信和/或有线通信方式，所述无线通信包括4G、5G、WIFI、BLE、ZigBee、NB-IoT和LoRa中的至少一种，所述有线通信包括HPLC、PLC、RS485、LAN、CAN、DeviceNet和Profibus中的至少一 种。
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