WO2022073400A1 - 具有负介电各向异性的液晶化合物、液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 - Google Patents

具有负介电各向异性的液晶化合物、液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 Download PDF

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WO2022073400A1
WO2022073400A1 PCT/CN2021/115483 CN2021115483W WO2022073400A1 WO 2022073400 A1 WO2022073400 A1 WO 2022073400A1 CN 2021115483 W CN2021115483 W CN 2021115483W WO 2022073400 A1 WO2022073400 A1 WO 2022073400A1
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liquid crystal
carbon atoms
group
formula
independently represent
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French (fr)
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舒克伦
王艳伟
栾兆昌
孙云峰
丰佩川
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烟台显华化工科技有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods

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  • the present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal materials, in particular to liquid crystal materials with negative dielectric anisotropy.
  • Liquid crystal display elements are widely used in various household appliances including clocks and electronic computers, measuring equipment, automotive panels, word processors, computer printers, televisions, and the like.
  • the spatial arrangement of liquid crystal molecules results in many of its properties being direction-dependent.
  • the dielectric constant ⁇ of the liquid crystal molecules is different in the direction perpendicular to the two plates of the capacitor and in the parallel direction.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are called positive liquid crystal compounds.
  • the dielectric constant ⁇ ⁇ is less than ⁇ ⁇ , the liquid crystal molecules are called negative liquid crystal compounds.
  • the mainstream wide viewing angle technology mainly adopts VA vertical orientation, IPS in-plane switch and FFS fringe field switch and other display types.
  • the liquid crystal medium is required to have higher light transmittance and smaller color shift.
  • an in-plane electric field will be generated between the electrodes when a voltage is applied, so that the light penetration in this area is limited, which will increase energy consumption and affect the display effect.
  • Liquid crystal compounds are excellent in color shift and affected by vertical electric fields. Compared with positive liquid crystal compounds, they show higher light transmittance, so they are widely used.
  • the viscosity of the general-purpose negative liquid crystal compounds currently on the market is generally high, which is not conducive to the improvement of the response speed.
  • the response speed of the liquid crystal material is limited by the rotational viscosity/elastic constant K of the liquid crystal, so it is necessary to reduce the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal medium as much as possible, and at the same time increase the elastic constant K to reduce the response time of the liquid crystal material and achieve a faster response.
  • practical studies have shown that the rotational viscosity of liquid crystal materials is closely related to the elastic constant. Reducing the rotational viscosity will also cause a decrease in the elastic constant, which is difficult to achieve the purpose of reducing the response time. Therefore, developing a faster response speed on the basis of good rotational viscosity is an urgent problem to be solved in this field.
  • liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula I having negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention in the liquid crystal composition, it is possible to provide A liquid crystal composition with a faster response speed on the basis of good rotational viscosity.
  • Such liquid crystal compositions are particularly suitable for use in monitor and TV applications based on the ECB effect or the IPS or FFS effect.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, which is a liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula I:
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1-5 carbon atoms, an alkyleneoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, -O-, - CF 2 O-, -OCF 2 -, -C ⁇ C-, -COO-, -OOC-, wherein any H atom is optionally replaced by F or CH 3 -, and at least one of A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is
  • R 1 and R 6 ' each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • cycloalkyl H, -CF 3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF 3 ;
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, H, -CF3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF3 ;
  • At least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is not H;
  • n, p, q, h each independently represent 0, 1, 2 or 3;
  • multiple R 2 may be the same or different
  • multiple R 3 may be the same or different
  • multiple R 4 may be the same or different
  • multiple R 5 may be the same or different.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal composition
  • a liquid crystal composition comprising the aforementioned liquid crystal compound having negative dielectric anisotropy and represented by formula I of the present invention.
  • liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the liquid crystal compound represented by the formula I having negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention
  • the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may be positive. Can be negative.
  • liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal compound of the present invention, or comprising the liquid crystal composition of the present invention; the liquid crystal display device is an active matrix display device or a passive matrix display device .
  • the liquid crystal compound represented by the formula I having negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention it is possible to obtain reduced rotational viscosity and rotational viscosity while maintaining appropriate dielectric anisotropy. / Elastic constant of liquid crystal compositions.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can obtain reduced rotational viscosity, rotational viscosity/elastic constant while maintaining appropriate dielectric anisotropy, and can be used to develop liquid crystals with fast response performance display device.
  • FIG. 1 shows the mass spectrum of compound (C4)PY-3-O2 (formula II-11) prepared in Synthesis Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal compound of the present invention is a liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula I with negative dielectric anisotropy:
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1-5 carbon atoms, an alkyleneoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, -O-, - CF 2 O-, -OCF 2 -, -C ⁇ C-, -COO-, -OOC-, wherein any H atom is optionally replaced by F or CH 3 -, and at least one of A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is
  • alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms examples include methylene, ethylene, 1,3-propylene, 1,2-propylene, and 1,4-butylene. base, isobutylene, pentylene, etc.
  • alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms for example, a methyleneoxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, a 1,3-propyleneoxy group, and a 1,2-ethyleneoxy group can be mentioned.
  • a methyleneoxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, a 1,3-propyleneoxy group, and a 1,2-ethyleneoxy group can be mentioned.
  • any H atom is optionally replaced by F or CH 3 -
  • any H atom in the group represented by A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 may be replaced by a fluorine atom or a methyl group, and the number of H atoms to be substituted is There is no particular limitation.
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 are each independently preferably a single bond, methylene, ethylene, methyleneoxy, ethyleneoxy, and at least one of A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is
  • R 1 and R 6 ' each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • cycloalkyl H, -CF 3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF 3 ;
  • alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-butyl, Amyl, isopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, etc.
  • alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms examples include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tertiary Butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, hexyloxy, heptyloxy and the like.
  • alkenyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms examples include vinyl, propenyl, isopropenyl, n-butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl and the like.
  • C 3-6 cycloalkyl group a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclopropyl group, a methylcyclobutyl group, etc. are mentioned, for example.
  • R 1 , R 6 ' are each independently preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, methoxy, ethyl Oxy, n-propoxy, n-pentyloxy, vinyl, propenyl, isopropenyl, n-butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl.
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, H, -CF3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF3 ;
  • alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, and isopentyl.
  • alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms examples include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tertiary Butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, etc.
  • alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms examples include vinyl group, propenyl group, isopropenyl group, n-butenyl group, isobutenyl group, and the like.
  • At least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is not H;
  • n, p, q, h each independently represent 0, 1, 2 or 3;
  • multiple R 2 are optionally the same or different
  • multiple R 3 are optionally the same or different
  • multiple R 4 are optionally the same or different
  • multiple R 5 are optionally the same or different.
  • the liquid crystal compound of the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following structural formulae I-1 to I-27.
  • R 1 and R 6 ' each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 3 carbon atoms.
  • -6 cycloalkyl, H, -CF3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF3 ;
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, H, -CF3 , -CN, -F, or, -OCF3 ;
  • At least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is not H.
  • liquid crystal compounds of the present invention it is more preferable to be selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following structural formula II-1-II-24.
  • the preparation method of the liquid crystal compound represented by formula I with negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select suitable raw materials and reaction paths for preparation according to the prior art. For example, it can be prepared with reference to the synthesis examples described later.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the compound represented by the formula I having negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention.
  • the content of the liquid crystal compound represented by the aforementioned formula I is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of obtaining suitable ⁇ n, ⁇ , the ratio of rotational viscosity/elastic constant, etc., preferably, the liquid crystal compound represented by the aforementioned formula I in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a weight percentage of 1-60%, preferably It is 1 to 50%, more preferably 10 to 40%.
  • liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention, optionally, the compound represented by the following formula IV can also be included:
  • R 6 and R 7 each independently represent any one of the following groups 1 to 5:
  • linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and n-heptyl.
  • linear alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms examples include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, n-butyloxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, n-heptyloxy.
  • n', o' each independently represent 0 or 1;
  • the aforementioned compound represented by formula IV is selected from the group consisting of the following compounds.
  • the content of the compound represented by formula IV is not particularly limited.
  • the content of the compound represented by the aforementioned formula IV may be, for example, 0 to 50% by weight. From the viewpoint of obtaining a suitable dielectric constant, it is preferably in the range of 20 to 45%.
  • liquid crystal composition of the present invention optionally, the compound represented by the following formula V may also be included:
  • alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, Isopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, etc.
  • alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms examples include vinyl, 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-butenyl, Pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, and the like.
  • C 3-6 cycloalkyl group a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclopropyl group, a methylcyclobutyl group, etc. are mentioned, for example.
  • p', q', r' each independently represent 0 or 1;
  • the compound represented by the aforementioned formula V is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following compounds.
  • (F) represents F or H.
  • the aforementioned compound represented by formula V is an optional component, and its content can be, for example, 0-70% by weight. From the viewpoint of low-temperature solubility and reliability, it is preferably in the range of 10 to 60%.
  • liquid crystal composition of the present invention in addition to the liquid crystal compounds listed above, those skilled in the art can also add other liquid crystal compounds without destroying the desired properties of the liquid crystal composition.
  • various functional dopants can be added to the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, and these dopants include, for example, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, and chiral agents.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains the liquid crystal compound represented by the formula I having negative dielectric anisotropy of the present invention
  • the composition of the present invention is not necessarily negative dielectric anisotropy , which can also be positive dielectric anisotropy.
  • Those skilled in the art can adjust the composition and ratio of each component of the composition as required to obtain a composition with required anisotropy.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which is not particularly limited as long as it contains the liquid crystal composition described in any one of the above.
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention may be an active matrix display device or a passive matrix display device. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable liquid crystal display element and structure of the liquid crystal display according to the required performance.
  • the preparation methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the raw materials used can be obtained from public commercial sources unless otherwise specified. Liquid crystal monomer.
  • the compound represented by formula II-11 was prepared according to the sequence of the following synthetic steps 1-6.
  • reaction solution was poured into crushed ice to quench, and extracted twice with dichloromethane. The organic phases were combined, washed with saturated brine until neutral, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After vacuum precipitation, it was passed through a silica gel column to obtain 43.8 g of pale yellow solid A-4.
  • the light yellow solid A-4 (36.8 g, 0.12 mol) obtained in the aforementioned synthesis step 3 was added into the three-necked flask, followed by adding 150 ml of anhydrous toluene, and stirring to dissolve completely. The temperature was lowered to 0°C, and 100 ml of diisobutylaluminum hydride (1.5 mol*L -1 solution in toluene) was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was kept at 0°C to 10°C for 30 minutes after the addition. It was then naturally warmed to room temperature and the reaction was stirred overnight.
  • reaction solution was poured into crushed ice to quench, extracted twice with toluene, the organic phases were combined, washed with saturated brine until neutral, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After vacuum precipitation, it was passed through a silica gel column to obtain 32.4 g of a yellow oily substance, which was recrystallized from n-heptane to obtain 25.6 g of a pale yellow solid A-5.
  • the light yellow solid A-5 (25.0 g, 0.08 mol) obtained in the aforementioned synthesis step 4 was added to the three-necked flask, followed by adding 150 ml of trifluoroacetic acid, and stirring to dissolve completely. The temperature was lowered to 0°C, and triethylsilane (23.2 g, 0.2 mol) was added dropwise. Then it was naturally raised to room temperature, and the reaction was stirred until no raw material aldehyde remained. The reaction solution was spin-dried in vacuo, quenched with water, and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, washed with saturated brine until neutral, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After vacuum precipitation, it was passed through a silica gel column to obtain 22.4 g of light yellow solid A-6, which was directly carried out to the next reaction.
  • A-6 (20.6g, 0.07mol), 100ml of toluene, and 40ml of ethanol were successively added to the three-necked flask, and stirring was started, then potassium carbonate (19.4g, 0.14mol) and 20ml of deionized water were added. The temperature was raised to 40°C, and compound A-7 (15.6 g, 0.077 mol), 1 ml of hydrazine hydrate and 0.5 g of tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium were added. The temperature was raised and refluxed for 6 hours.
  • Liquid crystal compositions of different compositions were prepared in Examples A and B, Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, wherein the monomer structure, amount (weight percentage),
  • the test results of the performance parameters of the obtained liquid crystal medium are shown in Tables A, B and 1-9 below, respectively.
  • the temperature unit involved in each embodiment is °C, and the specific meanings and test conditions of other symbols are as follows:
  • Gamma1 represents the rotational viscosity coefficient of the liquid crystal compound, and the measurement method is as follows: instrument and equipment INSTEC: ALCT-IR1, test box thickness 18 microns vertical box, temperature 25 °C, abbreviated as "G1";
  • K 11 is the torsional elastic constant
  • K 33 is the splay elastic constant
  • the test conditions are: 25°C, INSTEC:ALCT-IR1, 18-micron vertical box;
  • G1/ K11 represents the response time of the horizontal alignment mode, the lower the value of G1/K11, the faster the response speed in the horizontal alignment;
  • G1/K33 represents the response time of vertical alignment mode, the lower the value of G1/ K33 , the faster the response speed in vertical alignment;
  • ⁇ n represents optical anisotropy
  • the preparation method of the liquid crystal composition is as follows: each liquid crystal monomer is weighed according to a certain proportion and put into a stainless steel beaker, the stainless steel beaker containing each liquid crystal monomer is placed on a magnetic stirring apparatus to heat and melt, and the After most of the liquid crystal monomer in the stainless steel beaker is melted, a magnetic rotor is added to the stainless steel beaker, the mixture is stirred evenly, and the liquid crystal composition is obtained after cooling to room temperature.
  • the obtained liquid crystal composition was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display for performance testing.
  • Example A and Examples 1 to 7 exhibiting negative dielectric anisotropy, and Example B exhibiting positive dielectric anisotropy were obtained.
  • Liquid crystal composition The composition and content of each component in the liquid crystal compositions of Examples A, B and Examples 1 to 7 are shown in Tables A, B and 1 to 7 below.
  • Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in the following Tables 8 to 9, and their components do not contain the novel liquid crystal compound of the present invention, that is, the liquid crystal compound represented by the aforementioned formula I is not included.
  • Example 1 The compound of general formula I in Example 1 was replaced by a general-type negative liquid crystal compound in the aforementioned Comparative Example 1, and the compound of general formula I in Example 7 was replaced by a general-type negative liquid crystal compound in Comparative Example 2.
  • the liquid crystal compositions of the examples containing the compound represented by the formula I can maintain a suitable optical isotropic
  • the viscosity and the ratio of viscosity/elasticity coefficient can be reduced, which can reduce the response time of horizontal alignment and vertical alignment mode, thereby improving the response speed and realizing fast response.

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Abstract

本发明涉及具有负介电各向异性的下述的式I所示的液晶化合物、液晶组合物以及液晶显示器件。本发明的液晶化合物能够获得在维持适宜的介电各向异性的基础上具有降低的旋转粘度/弹性常数的液晶组合物，从而能够获得响应速度提高的液晶显示器件。

Description

具有负介电各向异性的液晶化合物、液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 技术领域
本发明涉及液晶材料领域，具体涉及具有负介电各向异性的液晶材料。
背景技术
液晶显示元件可以在以钟表、电子计算机为代表的各种家用电器、测定机器、汽车用面板、文字处理器、电脑打印机、电视等中使用而得到广泛利用。
液晶分子的空间排列导致其许多性质是方向依赖性的。液晶分子的介电常数ε在与电容器的两个板垂直的方向以及平行方向为不同的值，当介电常数ε ⊥(分子纵轴的取向垂直于电容器板)大于介电常数ε ∥(分子纵轴的取向平行于电容器板)时，该液晶分子称为正型液晶化合物。当介电常数ε ⊥小于ε ∥时，该液晶分子称为负型液晶化合物。
随着TFT-LCD的不断发展，宽视角模式已成为行业内追求的目标，目前主流的宽视角技术主要采用VA垂直取向、IPS面内开关及FFS边缘场开关等显示类型，这类显示类型都要求液晶介质具有更高的光穿透率及较小的色偏。尤其，在IPS面内开关及FFS边缘场开关类型中，由于施加电压时电极间会产生面内电场，使该区域内光穿透受到限制，这样会增加能耗及影响显示效果，而负型液晶化合物在色偏及受垂直电场影响方面表现较为出色，比起正型液晶化合物，其表现出更高的光穿透率，因而受到广泛应用。
但目前市场上通用型的负型液晶化合物的粘度一般较高，不利于响应速度的提高。液晶材料响应速度受限于液晶的旋转粘度/弹性常数K，因此需要尽可能的去降低液晶介质的旋转粘度，同时提高弹性常数K来降低液晶材料的响应时间，实现更加快速响应。而实际研究表明，液晶材料的旋转粘度与弹性常数息息相关，降低旋转粘度的同时会引起弹性常数的下降，较难实现降低响应时间的目的。因此，开发具有良好的旋转粘度的基础上获得更快的响应速度是本领域亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明人等对于现有技术存在的问题进行了深入研究后发现，通过在液晶组合物中使用本发明的具有负介电各向异性的下述的式I所示的液晶化合物，能够提供具有良好的旋转粘度的基础上具有更快的响应速度的液晶组合物。这样的液晶组合物尤其能够适用于基于ECB效应或IPS或FFS效应的、监视器和TV的应用。
本发明的一方面提供一种具有负介电各向异性的液晶化合物，其为下述的式I所示的液晶化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000001
式I中，A 1、A 2、A 3各自独立地表示单键、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基氧基、-O-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000003
其中任意H原子任选被F或者CH 3-代替，且A 1、A 2、A 3中至少一者为
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000005
R 1、R 6’各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-7的烷基、碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基、碳原子数2-7的烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的烷基、碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基、碳原子数2-4的烯基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5中至少一者不为H；
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000006
中的亚甲基任选被-O-、-S-、-COO-、-OOC-、或者、-CH＝CH-取代；
m、n、p、q、h各自独立地表示0、1、2或者3；
q+h≥2时，多个R 2任选相同或不同，多个R 3任选相同或不同，多个R 4任选相同或不同，多个R 5任选相同或不同。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种液晶组合物，其包含前述的本发明的具有负介电各向异性的式I所示的液晶化合物。
需要说明的是，本发明的液晶组合物虽然包含本发明的具有负介电各向异性的式I所示的液晶化合物，但是本发明的液晶组合物的介电各向异性可以为正型也可以为负型。
本发明的再一方面，还涉及一种液晶显示器件，其包含本发明的液晶化合物，或包含本发明的液晶组合物；所述液晶显示器件为有源矩阵显示器件，或无源矩阵显示器件。
发明效果
与现有技术相比，通过使用本发明的具有负介电各向异性的式I所示的液晶化合物，能够获得在维持适宜的介电各向异性的基础上具有降低的旋转粘度、旋转粘度/弹性常数的液晶组合物。本发明的液晶组合物通过含有本发明的液晶化合物，能够获得在维持适宜的介电各向异性的基础上具有降低的旋转粘度、旋转粘度/弹性常数，可以用于开发具有快速响应性能的液晶显示器件。
特别地，在将它们用于监视器、电视显示的用途时，具有短的响应时间，特别是经过长时间的操作后，不展现出图像粘滞或展现显著降低的图像粘滞。
尤其在用于VA、IPS、FFS显示器，以及用于PM(无源矩阵)-VA显示器的情况下，能够降低旋转粘度、改善响应。
附图说明
图1表示本发明的合成例1中制备的化合物(C4)PY-3-O2(式II-11)的质谱图。
具体实施方式
[液晶化合物]
本发明的液晶化合物为具有负介电各向异性的下述的式I所示的液晶化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000007
式I中，A 1、A 2、A 3各自独立地表示单键、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基氧基、-O-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000009
其中任意H原子任选被F或者CH 3-代替，并且A 1、A 2、A 3中至少一者为
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000011
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基”，可以列举出例如亚甲基、亚乙基、1,3-亚丙基、1,2-亚丙基、1,4-亚丁基、异亚丁基、亚戊基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基氧基”，可以列举出例如亚甲基氧基、亚乙基氧基、1,3-亚丙基氧基、1,2-亚丙基氧基、1,4-亚丁基氧基、异亚丁基氧 基、亚戊基氧基等。
前述的“任意H原子任选被F或者CH 3-代替”是指，A 1、A 2、A 3表示的基团中的任意H原子可以被氟原子、甲基取代，取代的H原子数没有特别的限定。
A 1、A 2、A 3各自独立地优选为单键、亚甲基、亚乙基、亚甲基氧基、亚乙基氧基、
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000013
并且A 1、A 2、A 3中至少一者为
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000015
R 1、R 6’各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-7的烷基、碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基、碳原子数2-7的烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
前述的“碳原子数为1-7的烷基”可以列举出例如，可以列举出例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、己基、庚基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基”，可以列举出例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数2-7的烯基”，可以列举出例如乙烯基、丙烯基、异丙烯基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为3-6的环烷基”，可以列举出例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、甲基环丙基、甲基环丁基等。
R 1、R 6’各自独立地优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环丙基、环戊基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、正戊氧基、乙烯基、丙烯基、异丙烯基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基、戊烯基。
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的烷基、碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基、碳原子数2-4的烯基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
前述的“碳原子数为1-5的烷基”可以列举出例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基”，可以列举出例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数2-4的烯基”，可以列举出例如乙烯基、丙烯基、异丙烯基、正丁烯基、异丁烯基等。
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5中至少一者不为H；
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000016
中的亚甲基任选被-O-、-S-、-COO-、-OOC-、或-CH＝CH-取代；
m、n、p、q、h各自独立地表示0、1、2或者3；
q+h≥2时，多个R 2任选相同或不同，多个R 3任选相同或不同，多个R 4任选相同或不同,多个R 5任选相同或不同。
本发明的液晶化合物优选选自下述的结构式I-1～I-27所示化合物组成的组。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000020
其中，R 1、R 6’各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-7的烷基、碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基、碳原子数2-7的烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、 或者、-OCF 3；
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的烷基、碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基、碳原子数2-4的烯基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5中至少一者不为H。
本发明的液晶化合物中，进一步优选选自下述的结构式II-1-II-24所示化合物组成的组。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000023
[液晶化合物的制备]
作为本发明的具有负介电各向异性的式I所示的液晶化合物的制备方法，没有特别的限定，本领域技术人员能够根据现有技术选择适宜的原料及反应路径进行制备。例如，可以参照后述的合成例进行制备。
[液晶组合物]
本发明的液晶组合物包含本发明的具有负介电各向异性的式I所示的化合物。
本发明的液晶组合物中，对于前述的式I所述的液晶化合物的含量没有特别的限定。从获得合适的Δn、Δε、旋转粘度/弹性常数的比值等方面考虑，优选地，本发明的液晶组合物中前述的式I所示的液晶化合物的重量百分含量为1～60％，优选为1～50％，进一步优选为10～40％。
本发明提供的液晶组合物中，可选地，还可以包含下述的式IV所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000024
式IV中，R 6、R 7各自独立地表示下述的①～⑤所示基团中的任一基团：
①碳原子数为1-7的直链烷基或碳原子数为1-7的直链烷氧基；
②所述①所示任一基团中的一个或多个-CH 2-被-O-、-COO-、-OOC-、或者、-CH＝CH-取代所形成的基团；
③所述①所示任一基团中的一个或多个-H被-F、-Cl、-CH＝CH 2、或者、-CH＝CH-CH 3取代所形成的基团；
④碳原子数为3-6的环烷基；
⑤H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-7的直链烷基”，例如可以列举出，甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基。
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-7的直链烷氧基”，例如可以列举出，甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙基氧基、正丁基氧基、正戊基氧基、正己基氧基、正庚基氧基。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000025
各自独立地选自下述基团所组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000027
m’、n’、o’各自独立地表示0或1；
Z 1’、Z 2’、Z 3’各自独立地代表单键、-C 2H 4-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CF 2O-、或者、-OCF 2-，其中任意H任选被F代替。
优选地，前述的式IV所示的化合物选自下述的化合物组成的组。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000032
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000033
各自独立地选自下述基团组成的组。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000034
本发明的液晶组合物中，对于式IV所示的化合物的含量没有特别的限定。前述的式IV所示的化合物的含量，例如，按照重量百分含量计算可以为0～50％。从获得适合的介电常数方面考虑，优选为20-45％的范围。
本发明的液晶组合物中，可选地，还可以包含下述的式V所示的化合物：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000035
式V中，R 8、R 9各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基或H；R 8、R 9中任意-CH 2-任选被-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-或者-C＝C-代替，任意H任选被F代替；
作为前述的“碳原子数为1-10的烷基”，可以列举出例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为2-10的链烯基”，可以列举出例如，乙烯基、1-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基等。
作为前述的“碳原子数为3-6的环烷基”，可以列举出例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、甲基环丙基、甲基环丁基等。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000036
各自独立地选自下述基团组成的组：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000037
p’、q’、r’各自独立地表示0或1；
Z 4’、Z 5’、Z 6’各自独立地代表单键、-C 2H 4-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CF 2O-或-OCF 2-，其中任意H任选被F代替。
进一步，前述的式V所示的化合物优选选自下述的化合物组成的组。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000039
其中，(F)表示F或H。
本发明的液晶组合物中，前述的式V所示化合物为任选含有的组分，其含量可以为按照重量百分含量计算为例如0～70％。从低温溶解性、可靠性方面考虑，优选为10～60％的范围。
本发明的液晶组合物中，除了前述列举的液晶化合物之外，本领域技术人员还可以在不破坏其期望的液晶组合物的性能的基础上添加其他液晶化合物。
本发明的液晶组合物中，可选的，还可以加入各种功能的掺杂剂，这些掺杂剂可以列举出例如抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、手性剂。
如前所述，本发明的液晶组合物中虽然含有本发明的具有负性介电各向异性的式I所示的液晶化合物，但是本发明的组合物并非一定为负性介电各向异性，其也可以为正性介电各向异性。本领域技术人员能够根据需要调节组合物各组分的组成及配比来获得具有需要的各向异性的组合物。
[液晶显示器件]
本发明的第三方面提供一种液晶显示器件，其只要包含上述任一项所述的液晶组合物就没有特别的限定。本发明的液晶显示器件可以为有源矩阵显示器件，也可以为无源矩阵显示器件。本领域技术人员能够根据所需的性能选择合适的液晶显示元件、液晶显示器的结构。
实施例
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面结合优选实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的说明。附图中相似的部件以相同的附图标记进行表示。本领域技术人员应当 理解，下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的，不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明中，制备方法如无特殊说明则均为常规方法，所用的原料如无特别说明均可从公开的商业途径获得，百分比均是指质量百分比，温度为摄氏度(℃)，液晶化合物也为液晶单体。
合成例1
按照下述的合成步骤1～6的顺序制备式II-11所示化合物。
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000040
合成步骤1
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000041
氮气保护下，在三口瓶中加入四氢呋喃100ml和氢化铝锂(8g，0.21mol)。降温至0℃以下，滴加由A-1(28.4g，0.2mol)溶解于100ml四氢呋喃所制备的溶液。滴加完毕后，逐渐升至室温，反应过夜。GC确认物原料剩余，将反应液降温至0℃以下，随后将反应液倾入冰水中。将水解液通过硅藻土助滤后，得到澄清溶液。随后用乙酸乙酯萃取，饱和食盐水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。所得到的28.3g粗品A-2直接下步使用。
合成步骤2
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000042
将200ml二氯甲烷和实例1步骤1所得的粗品A-2(28g，0.19mol)加入三口瓶内。降温到5-10℃，滴加三溴化膦(54g，0.2mol)溶于150ml二氯甲烷溶液。滴加完毕让其缓慢升至室温，并保持室温搅拌过夜。反应液倒入碎冰淬灭后，用二氯甲烷萃取两次，合并有机相，200ml自来水水洗三次，无水硫酸 钠干燥。真空脱溶后，过硅胶柱，得44.5g浅黄色液体A-3。
合成步骤3
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000043
三口瓶内加入对溴苯乙腈(57g，0.15mol)，随后加入280mlDMF，降温到-10℃，缓慢加入氢化钠(7.6g，0.32mol,60％的氢化钠分散在矿物油中)，加完后保温-5℃～5℃30分钟。随后降温到-10℃～-15℃，滴加前述的合成步骤2所得到的浅黄色液体A-3(40.8g，0.15mol)溶于150ml DMF的溶液。滴加完毕让其缓慢升至室温，并保持室温搅拌过夜。反应液倒入碎冰淬灭后，用二氯甲烷萃取两次，合并有机相，饱和盐水洗至中性，无水硫酸钠干燥。真空脱溶后，过硅胶柱，得43.8g浅黄色固体A-4。
合成步骤4
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000044
氮气保护下，向三口瓶内加入前述的合成步骤3所得到的浅黄色固体A-4(36.8g，0.12mol)，随后加入无水甲苯150ml，搅拌全溶。降温到0℃，缓慢滴加二异丁基氢化铝(1.5mol*L -1的甲苯溶液)100ml，加完后保温0℃～10℃30分钟。随后自然升至室温，搅拌反应过夜。反应结束后，反应液倒入碎冰淬灭后，用甲苯萃取两次，合并有机相，饱和盐水洗至中性，无水硫酸钠干燥。真空脱溶后，过硅胶柱，得32.4g黄色油状物，正庚烷重结晶后得到25.6g浅黄固体A-5。
合成步骤5
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000045
氮气保护下，向三口瓶内加入前述的合成步骤4所得到的浅黄色固体A-5(25.0g，0.08mol)，随后加入三氟乙酸150ml，搅拌全溶。降温到0℃，滴加三乙基硅烷(23.2g，0.2mol)。随后自然升至室温,搅拌反应至无原料醛剩余。反应液真空旋干，用水淬灭后，用乙酸乙酯萃取两次，合并有机相，饱和盐水洗至中性，无水硫酸钠干燥。真空脱溶后，过硅胶柱，得22.4g浅黄固体A-6，直接进行下一步反应。
合成步骤6
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000046
氮气置换后,向三口瓶中依次加入A-6(20.6g，0.07mol)，甲苯100ml，乙醇40ml，开启搅拌，随后加入碳酸钾(19.4g，0.14mol)，去离子水20ml。升温到40℃，加入化合物A-7(15.6g，0.077mol)，水合肼1ml和四三苯基膦合钯0.5g。升温回流反应6小时。加入100ml水，用乙酸乙酯萃取两次，合并有机相，饱和盐水洗至中性，无水硫酸钠干燥。真空脱溶后，过硅胶柱，结晶得白色粉末20g(II-11)，气相色谱检测，纯度:99.9％。
[液晶组合物]
实施例A与B，实施例1-7及对比例1与2中制备了不同组成的液晶组合物，其中，各例中所使用的具体化合物的单体结构、用量(重量百分含量)、所得的液晶介质的性能参数测试结果分别如下表A、B及1-9所示。
各实施例中所涉及的温度单位为℃，其他符号的具体意义及测试条件如下：
Gamma1(mPa.s)表示液晶化合物的旋转粘滞系数，测定方法：仪器设备INSTEC:ALCT-IR1、测试盒盒厚18微米垂直盒、温度25℃，简写为“G1”；
K 11为扭曲弹性常数，K 33为展曲弹性常数，测试条件为：25℃、INSTEC:ALCT-IR1、18微米垂直盒；
G1/K 11表示水平配向模式的响应时间，G1/K11的值越低则表示在水平配向上响应速度越快；
G1/K33表示垂直配向模式的响应时间，G1/K 33的值越低则表示在垂直配向上响应速度越快；
Δε表示介电各向异性，Δε＝ε ∥-ε ⊥，其中，ε ∥为平行于分子轴的介电常数，ε ⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数，测试条件：25℃、INSTEC:ALCT-IR1、18微米垂直盒；
Δn表示光学各向异性，Δn＝n e-n o，其中，n o为寻常光的折射率，n e为非寻常光的折射率，测试条件：589nm、25±0.2℃。
本发明中，液晶组合物的制备方法如下：将各液晶单体按照一定配比称量后放入不锈钢烧杯中，将装有各液晶单体的不锈钢烧杯置于磁力搅拌仪器上加热融化，待不锈钢烧杯中的液晶单体大部份融化后，往不锈钢烧杯中加入磁力转子，将混合物搅拌均匀，冷却到室温后即得液晶组合物。
将所得的液晶组合物填充于液晶显示器两基板间进行性能测试。
本发明申请实施例中所使用的液晶单体的结构用下述代码表示，液晶环结构、端基、连接基团的代码表示方法见下表(一)、表(二)。
表(一)：环结构的对应代码
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000048
表(二)：端基与链接基团的对应代码
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000050
举例：
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000051
利用前述合成的新型液晶化合物，与其他成分配合，获得显示负介电各向异性的实施例A及实施例1～7的液晶组合物，以及，显示正介电各向异性的实施例B的液晶组合物。实施例A、B及实施例1～7的液晶组合物中各组分的组成及含量如下述的表A、表B及表1～7所示。
表A 实施例A的液晶组合物的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000052
表B 实施例B的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000053
表1 实施例1的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000054
表2 实施例2的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000055
表3 实施例3的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000056
表4 实施例4的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000057
表5 实施例5的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000058
表6 实施例6的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000059
表7 实施例7的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000060
对比例1、2的配方如下述的表8～9所示，其组分中不包含本发明的新型液晶化合物，即不包含前述的式I所示的液晶化合物。
表8 对比例1的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000061
表9 对比例2的液晶介质的组分配比及其性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-000062
前述对比例1中以通用型负型液晶化合物代替了实施例1中的通式I的化合物，对比例2中以通用型负型液晶化合物代替了实施例7中的通式I的化合物。
通过实施例与对比例的对比可以发现，与不含有式I所示化合物的对比例1、2相比较，含有式I所示的化合物的实施例的液晶组合物能够在维持合适的光学各向异性值、介电各向异性性能的基础上获得降低的粘度、以及粘度/弹性 系数的比值，能够降低水平配向、垂直配向模式的响应时间，从而提升响应速度，实现快速响应。
本发明虽未穷尽要求保护的所有液晶混合物，但是本领域技术人员可以预见的是，在已公开的上述实施例基础上，仅结合自身的专业尝试即能以类似的方法得到其他同类液晶材料而不需要付出创造性劳动。此处由于篇幅有限，仅列举代表性的实施方式。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 具有负介电各向异性的下述的式I所示的液晶化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100001
    式I中，A 1、A 2、A 3各自独立地表示单键、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基、碳原子数为1-5的亚烷基氧基、-O-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100002
    -COO-、-OOC-、
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100004
    或者、
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100005
    其中任意H原子任选被F或者CH 3-代替；且A 1、A 2、A 3中至少一者为
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100007
    R 1、R 6’各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-7的烷基、碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基、碳原子数2-7的烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
    R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的烷基、碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基、碳原子数2-4的烯基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
    R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5中至少一者不为H；
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100008
    中的亚甲基任选被-O-、-S-、-COO-、-OOC-、或-CH＝CH- 取代；
    m、n、p、q、h各自独立地表示0、1、2或者3；
    q+h≥2时，多个R 2任选相同或不同，多个R 3任选相同或不同，多个R 4任选相同或不同,多个R 5任选相同或不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶化合物，其特征在于，其选自下述的式I-1～I-27所示的化合物组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100012
    其中，R 1、R 6’各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-7的烷基、碳原子数为1-7的烷氧基、碳原子数2-7的烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
    R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-5的烷基、碳原子数为1-5的烷氧基、碳原子数2-4的烯基、H、-CF 3、-CN、-F、或者、-OCF 3；
    R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5中至少一者不为H。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶化合物，其特征在于，其选自下述的式II-1～II-24所示化合物组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100016
  4. 一种液晶组合物，其特征在于，其包含权利要求1～3的任一项所述的液晶化合物。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，其还包含下述的式IV所示的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100017
    式IV中，R 6、R 7各自独立地表示下述的①～⑤所示基团中的任一基团：
    ①碳原子数为1-7的直链烷基或碳原子数为1-7的直链烷氧基；
    ②所述①所示任一基团中的一个或多个-CH 2-被-O-、-COO-、-OOC-、或者、-CH＝CH-取代所形成的基团；
    ③所述①所示任一基团中的一个或多个-H被-F、-Cl、-CH＝CH 2、或者、-CH＝CH-CH 3取代所形成的基团；
    ④碳原子数为3-6的环烷基；
    ⑤H、-CF 3、-CN、-F或者-OCF 3；
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100018
    各自独立地选自下述基团所组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100020
    m’、n’、o’各自独立地表示0或1；
    Z 1’、Z 2’、Z 3’各自独立地代表单键、-C 2H 4-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CF 2O-、或者、-OCF 2-，其中任意H任选被F代替。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述的式IV所示的化合物选自下述化合物组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100023
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100024
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100025
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100026
    各自独立地选自下述基团组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100027
  7. 根据权利要求4～6的任一项所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，其还包含下述的式V所示的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100028
    式V中，R 8、R 9各自独立地表示碳原子数为1-10的烷基、碳原子数为2-10的链烯基、碳原子数为3-6的环烷基或H；R 8、R 9中任意-CH 2-任选被-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-或者-C＝C-代替，任意H任选被F代替；
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100029
    各自独立地选自下述基团组 成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100030
    p’、q’、r’各自独立地表示0或1；
    Z 4’、Z 5’、Z 6’各自独立地代表单键、-C 2H 4-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CF 2O-或-OCF 2-，其中任意H任选被F代替。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述式V所示的化合物选自下述所示化合物组成的组：
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100031
    Figure PCTCN2021115483-appb-100032
    其中，(F)表示F或H。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的液晶组合物，其特征在于，所述式I所示的液晶化合物的重量百分含量为1～60％，所述式IV所示的化合物的重量百分含量为0～50％，所述式V所示的化合物的重量百分含量为1～70％。
  10. 一种液晶显示器件，其特征在于，其包含权利要求1～3的任一项所述的液晶化合物，或包含权利要求4～9的任一项所述的液晶组合物；所述液晶显示器件为有源矩阵显示器件，或无源矩阵显示器件。
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