WO2022068976A2 - 一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022068976A2
WO2022068976A2 PCT/CN2021/139663 CN2021139663W WO2022068976A2 WO 2022068976 A2 WO2022068976 A2 WO 2022068976A2 CN 2021139663 W CN2021139663 W CN 2021139663W WO 2022068976 A2 WO2022068976 A2 WO 2022068976A2
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film
flexible thermoelectric
type flexible
test device
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WO2022068976A3 (zh
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张宇昂
唐炳涛
张淑芬
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大连理工大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors

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  • the invention relates to a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of photosensitive thermoelectric devices.
  • Optical power intensity meter is an important measuring instrument used in optics, chemistry and physics research.
  • most of the current commercial optical power intensity meters use graphite sheets made by a special process as the light absorption and detection element.
  • the detection element has poor flexibility, strong brittleness, and is easily broken under the action of external force, and is exposed to high-energy light (such as ultraviolet light). easily damaged.
  • the present invention provides a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device and a preparation method thereof by utilizing the thermoelectric technology.
  • Thermoelectric technology is a new technology that uses the Seebeck effect of materials to convert thermal energy into electrical energy under the condition that there is a temperature difference between the two ends. Aerospace, ocean thermoelectric power generation and other fields.
  • the thermoelectric devices and materials that have been applied are mainly concentrated in inorganic high-temperature thermoelectrics.
  • Traditional inorganic thermoelectric materials have strong rigidity and need to be reduced to nanometer size and rely on flexible substrates to achieve flexibility.
  • Organic thermoelectric materials have good flexibility, but there are also difficulties in self-supporting , it is difficult to separate from the substrate.
  • the present invention provides a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device and a preparation method thereof.
  • the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device prepared by the invention has the advantages of good flexibility, energy saving and environmental protection, strong durability, strong applicability and the like, and is suitable for testing environments of various shapes and curved surfaces. Such devices have simple preparation process and strong durability, and have broad application prospects.
  • a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device the device is formed by stacking multiple groups of p-n pairs, and each group of p-n pairs is partially blocked by insulating materials; each group of p-n pairs is composed of a p-type flexible thermoelectric film and an n-type The flexible thermoelectric film and the insulating film partially block the p-type flexible thermoelectric film and the n-type flexible thermoelectric film, wherein,
  • the p-type flexible thermoelectric film is composed of an organic support material and a p-type inorganic material
  • the n-type flexible thermoelectric thin film is a p-type flexible thermoelectric thin film doped with an anionized n-type dopant.
  • the organic support material is poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyaniline (PANI) one of the.
  • PEDOT:PSS poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PANI polyaniline
  • the p-type inorganic material is one or more of single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, FeCl 3 doped graphene, and Ag 2 S.
  • the n-type dopant is one of polyethyleneimine (PEI), benzyl viologen, and diethylenetriamine (DETA).
  • PEI polyethyleneimine
  • DETA diethylenetriamine
  • the p-type flexible thermoelectric film is composited by poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate and p-type inorganic material.
  • the p-type flexible thermoelectric thin film is obtained by suction filtration or drop casting of organic support material and p-type inorganic material dispersion.
  • the thickness of the p-type flexible thermoelectric thin film is 15-50 ⁇ m.
  • the n-type flexible thermoelectric film is obtained by infiltrating the n-type dopant into the p-type flexible thermoelectric film. Specifically, it can be obtained by drop casting the n-type dopant solution on the p-type flexible thermoelectric thin film.
  • the thickness of the n-type flexible thermoelectric thin film is 15-50 ⁇ m.
  • the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device of the present invention preferably, includes 1-5 groups of p-n pairs. That is, 1-5 p-type flexible thermoelectric films and 1-5 n-type flexible thermoelectric films.
  • one end of p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films is bonded with conductive silver paste, and the rest is blocked by insulating film, and the conductive silver paste is alternately arranged at both ends of each layer.
  • one end of the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films is bonded by conductive silver paste, and other parts except the bonding place are blocked by insulating films.
  • one end of the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films between p-n pairs is bonded by conductive silver paste, and the other parts except the bonding place are blocked by insulating films.
  • the conductive silver paste is arranged alternately at both ends of each layer, and the entire film forms a "Z" type electrical connection.
  • the p-type flexible thermoelectric film of the present invention is obtained by the following method:
  • step (2) Add an organic support material to the p-type inorganic material dispersion obtained in step (1), stir magnetically at 50-100° C. for 1-5 hours to obtain a uniform dispersion, and filter or drop-cast the dispersion on a substrate covered with aluminum foil.
  • step (1) stir magnetically at 50-100° C. for 1-5 hours to obtain a uniform dispersion, and filter or drop-cast the dispersion on a substrate covered with aluminum foil.
  • vacuum drying at 60-90 °C drop-casting method can be multi-layer drop-casting to reach a suitable thickness, and a p-type flexible thermoelectric film is obtained.
  • the n-type flexible thermoelectric film of the present invention is obtained by the following method:
  • step (2) Add an organic support material to the p-type inorganic material dispersion obtained in step (1), stir magnetically at 50-100° C. for 1-5 hours to obtain a uniform dispersion, and filter or drop-cast the dispersion on a substrate covered with aluminum foil.
  • step (3) vacuum drying at 60-90 °C, drop casting method can be multi-layer drop casting to reach a suitable thickness to obtain p-type flexible thermoelectric film;
  • step (3) Dissolving the n-type dopant in a suitable solvent, drop-casting it on the film in step (2), allowing the n-type dopant solution to penetrate into the p-type flexible thermoelectric film, and removing the solvent from the filter membrane or at 60-90° C. After drying under vacuum, the film is peeled off to obtain an n-type flexible thermoelectric film.
  • the solvent is one or both of deionized water, N,N-dimethylformamide, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide.
  • the mass content of the p-type inorganic material in the p flexible thermoelectric film is 5-80%; the mass content of the n-type dopant in the n-type flexible thermoelectric film finally obtained is 0.1-30%.
  • the filter membrane used in the suction filtration method is an acetic acid filter membrane, and the solvent used for removing the filter membrane is acetone.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device.
  • a preparation method of a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device comprising the following steps:
  • step (1) Alternately stack the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films in step (1), insert insulating double-sided tape into them, connect the thermoelectric films with conductive silver paste, and sandwich them with two glass plates. Cured in 80°C oven for 50min;
  • the insulating double-sided tape is an ultra-thin double-sided tape made of PET.
  • the present invention provides a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device with excellent flexibility. Due to its excellent self-support and flexibility, the device can be applied to various curved surface application scenarios. The excellent light absorption and photothermal conversion properties of inorganic materials in the film can be used for light intensity testing.
  • the device has simple preparation process, convenient application, energy saving and environmental protection, and strong durability, and has broad application prospects in the fields of light intensity testing and light sensing.
  • FIG. 1 is a real photo of the p-type thermoelectric thin film and the n-type thermoelectric thin film in Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a real photo of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the open circuit voltages generated by the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1 under different temperature differences.
  • FIG. 5 shows the response of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device involved in Example 1 to the visible light intensity.
  • test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.
  • a preparation method of a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device comprising the following steps.
  • step (2) Add an organic support material to the p-type inorganic material dispersion obtained in step (1), stir magnetically at 50-100° C. for 1-5 hours to obtain a uniform dispersion, and filter or drop-cast the dispersion on a substrate covered with aluminum foil.
  • drop-casting method can be multi-layer drop-casting to reach a suitable thickness to obtain p-type flexible thermoelectric film;
  • step (3) Dissolving the n-type dopant in a suitable solvent, drop-casting on the film in step (2), removing the solvent from the filter film or removing the film under vacuum at 60-90° C. to obtain an n-type flexible thermoelectric film.
  • thermoelectric films Cut the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films into rectangular films of the same size, stack the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films alternately, insert insulating double-sided tape into them, and connect the thermoelectric films with conductive silver paste Then, clamped with two glass plates and cured in an oven at 80°C for 50min;
  • the silver wires are drawn out from the two poles of the device respectively with conductive silver paste, and then placed in an oven at 80°C for 50 min to obtain a self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device.
  • the organic support material is one of poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyaniline;
  • the p-type inorganic material is one or more of single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, FeCl3 - doped graphene, and Ag2S;
  • the n-type dopant is polyethyleneimine, benzyl viologen, One of diethylenetriamine.
  • the mass content of the p-type inorganic material in the p flexible thermoelectric film is 5-80%; the mass content of the n-type dopant in the n-type flexible thermoelectric film finally obtained is 0.1-30%
  • thermoelectric film Cut two p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films into rectangular films of the same size, stack the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films alternately to form two p-n pairs, and insert insulating double-sided tape into them, using After connecting the thermoelectric film with conductive silver paste, clamp it with two glass plates and cure in an oven at 80°C for 50min;
  • the Seebeck coefficient of the p-type flexible thermoelectric film prepared above is 17.5 ⁇ V/K, the power factor is 37.57 ⁇ W/(m ⁇ K 2 ), and the Seebeck coefficient of the n-type flexible thermoelectric film is -27.5 ⁇ V/K , the power factor is 37.15 ⁇ W/(m ⁇ K 2 ).
  • Fig. 1 is the real photo of p-type thermoelectric film and n-type thermoelectric film in Example 1, wherein: a, real photo of p-type thermoelectric film bending, b, real photo of n-type thermoelectric film bending, it can be seen in Figure 1 , the surfaces of the two thermoelectric films are relatively flat, and can be bent well under the action of tweezers, and have good flexibility.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device in Example 1. One end of the p-type and n-type flexible thermoelectric films in a single p-n pair is bonded by conductive silver paste, and the other parts except the bonding place are insulated by insulating Film barrier.
  • FIG. 3 is a real photo of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1, wherein: a, the real photo of the self-supporting flexible thermoelectric device, b, the bending real photo of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device.
  • Figure 3 shows the open circuit voltages generated by the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device in Example 1 under different temperature differences. When the temperature difference is 35K, a voltage of 3.31mV can be generated, indicating that the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate electrical signals under a small temperature difference.
  • Figure 5 shows the response of the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device involved in Example 1 to the visible light intensity.
  • the open-circuit voltage generated by the self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device is linear with the increase of the illumination intensity of the simulated light source improved, and the linearity is very good, indicating that the device can convert the light intensity signal into an electrical signal, so as to perceive the light intensity. It can be seen that the fabricated self-supporting flexible optical power intensity testing device has a large application space in the field of light intensity testing and optical sensing.
  • the mass ratios of SWCNT to PEDOT:PSS in the p-type thermoelectric film were changed to 2:8, 4:6 and 8:2, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the measurement results show that the Seebeck coefficients of the prepared p-type thermoelectric films all fluctuate around 17 ⁇ V/K, and the formed self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensities of light sources.
  • the mass ratio of SWCNT to PVDF in the n-type thermoelectric film was changed to 5:95, 10:90, and 15:85, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the measurement results show that the Seebeck coefficients of the prepared n-type thermoelectric thin films are -30.89 ⁇ V/K, -27.51 ⁇ V/K and -31.91 ⁇ V/K, respectively.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • the concentration of the dopant PEI of the n-type thermoelectric thin film was changed to 4%, 8% and 12%, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the measurement results show that the Seebeck coefficients of the prepared n-type thermoelectric films are -29.26 ⁇ V/K, -30.16 ⁇ V/K and -29.88 ⁇ V/K, respectively.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • the p-n pairs of the self-supporting flexible thermoelectric device were changed to 3 pairs, 4 pairs and 5 pairs, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the measurement results show that with the increase of the number of p-n pairs, the flexibility of the thermoelectric device decreases, but the open-circuit voltage generated under the same light intensity increases.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • thermoelectric thin film The inorganic components of the p-type thermoelectric thin film were replaced with FeCl 3 doped graphene and Ag 2 S, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • the organic components of the p-type and n-type thermoelectric films were replaced with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the solvent was replaced with deionized water.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • the p-n pairs of the constructed self-supporting flexible thermoelectric devices were 3 pairs, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1. .
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • thermoelectric thin film was constructed by the drop casting method, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • the concentration of the dopant diethylenetriamine (DETA) of the n-type thermoelectric thin film was changed to 4%, 8% and 12% respectively, the dopant solvent was ethanol, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 19.
  • the assembled self-supporting flexible optical power intensity test device can generate different open-circuit voltages under different intensity light sources.
  • thermoelectric films The inorganic components of p-type thermoelectric films were changed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes; the n-type thermoelectric films were changed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes/PVDF modified with benzyl viologen dopant, and other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
  • thermoelectric films were replaced with FeCl3 - doped graphene, and the n-type thermoelectric films were replaced with single-walled carbon nanotubes/PVDF modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) dopant, FeCl3 - doped
  • DETA diethylenetriamine
  • thermoelectric film The inorganic component of the p-type thermoelectric film was replaced with Ag 2 S, the solvent was dimethyl sulfoxide, and the drop casting method was used to make the film.
  • the n-type thermoelectric film was made of PEI dopant-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes/PVDF.
  • concentrations of the miscellaneous agent PEI were 4%, 8% and 12%, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • Graphene/PVDF modified by DETA dopant was selected for the n-type thermoelectric film, and the mass ratios of graphene and PVDF were 10:90, 20:80 and 40:60, respectively, and other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法，属于感光热电器件领域。一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，所述器件由多组p-n对叠加而成，每两组p-n对间由绝缘材料部分阻隔；每组p-n对由一片p型柔性热电薄膜、一片n型柔性热电薄膜和将p型柔性热电薄膜与n型柔性热电薄膜部分阻隔的绝缘薄膜组成，其中，所述p型柔性热电薄膜由有机支撑材料和p型无机材料复合而成；所述n型柔性热电薄膜是经n型掺杂剂负离子化掺杂的p型柔性热电薄膜。该器件由于其优异的自支撑与柔性，可应用于各类曲面应用场景，由于组成器件的热电薄膜中无机材料优异的光吸收与光热转换特性。

Description

一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法，属于感光热电器件领域。
背景技术
光功率强度计是光学、化学、物理学研究中均需使用到的重要测量仪器。然而目前商用的光功率强度计大多以特殊工艺制作的石墨片作为光吸收与探测元件，该探测元件柔性差，脆性强，在外力作用下易碎裂，且在高能光(如紫外光)照射下易损坏。
针对目前光强计柔性差、脆性高、耐用性差的问题，本发明利用温差热电技术提供一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法。温差热电技术是利用材料的塞贝克效应在两端存在温差的条件下将热能转换为电能的新技术，具有结构简单，坚固耐用，无转动/传动部件，无噪音等优点，目前已经应用在航空航天、海洋温差发电等领域。目前已经得到应用的温差热电器件与材料主要集中于无机高温热电，传统无机热电材料刚性强，需降低至纳米尺寸并依托柔性基底实现柔性，有机热电材料柔韧性较好，但也存在自支撑困难，难以与基板分离的问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的问题以及现有器件的不足，本发明提供一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件及其制备方法。本发明制备的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件具有柔性好、节能环保、耐用性强、适用性强等优点，适用于各种形状与曲面测试环境。此类器件制备工艺简单，耐用性强，具有广阔的应用前景。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，所述器件由多组p-n对叠加而成，每两组p-n对间由绝缘材料部分阻隔；每组p-n对由一片p型柔性热电薄膜、一片n型柔性热电薄膜和将p型柔性热电薄膜与n型柔性热电薄膜部分阻隔的绝缘薄膜组成，其中，
所述p型柔性热电薄膜由有机支撑材料和p型无机材料复合而成；
所述n型柔性热电薄膜由经n型掺杂剂负离子化掺杂的p型柔性热电薄膜。
上述技术方案中，所述有机支撑材料为聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚苯胺(PANI)中的一种。
上述技术方案中，所述p型无机材料为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管、FeCl 3掺 杂的石墨烯、Ag 2S中的一种或几种。
上述技术方案中，所述n型掺杂剂为聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、苄基紫精、二乙烯三胺(DETA)中的一种。
进一步地，优选所述p型柔性热电薄膜由聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐和p型无机材料复合而成。
进一步地，所述p型柔性热电薄膜由有机支撑材料和p型无机材料分散液经抽滤或滴铸获得。
更进一步地，所述p型柔性热电薄膜的厚度为15～50μm。
进一步地，所述n型柔性热电薄膜是使n型掺杂剂渗入p型柔性热电薄膜中而获得。具体地，可将n型掺杂剂溶液滴铸在p型柔性热电薄膜后所得。
更进一步地，所述n型柔性热电薄膜的厚度为15～50μm。
本发明所述一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，优选所述自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件包含1～5组p-n对。即1～5个p型柔性热电薄膜和1～5个n型柔性热电薄膜。
本发明所述一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，p型与n型柔性热电薄膜一端以导电银浆粘结，其余部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔，导电银浆在各层两端交替设置。
本发明所述单个p-n对中所述p型与n型柔性热电薄膜的一端由导电银浆粘结，除粘结处外的其他部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔。同样的，p-n对间的p型与n型柔性热电薄膜的一端由导电银浆粘结，除粘结处外的其他部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔。导电银浆在各层两端交替设置，整个薄膜形成“之”型电连接。
本发明所述p型柔性热电薄膜按下述方法制得：
(1)将p型无机材料在适当溶剂中超声分散，形成均匀分散液，其中，p型无机材料与溶剂质量比为1～100:1000；
(2)步骤(1)所得的p型无机材料分散液中加入有机支撑材料，50～100℃下磁力搅拌1～5h得到均匀分散液，将分散液抽滤或滴铸在覆有铝箔的基板上，在60～90℃下真空干燥，滴铸法可多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，得p型柔性热电薄膜。
本发明所述n型柔性热电薄膜按下述方法制得：
(1)将p型无机材料在适当溶剂中超声分散，形成均匀分散液，其中，p型无机材料与溶剂质量比为1～100:1000；
(2)步骤(1)所得的p型无机材料分散液中加入有机支撑材料，50～100℃下磁力搅拌1～5h得到均匀分散液，将分散液抽滤或滴铸在覆有铝箔的基板上，在60～90℃ 下真空干燥，滴铸法可多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，得p型柔性热电薄膜；
(3)将n型掺杂剂溶于适宜溶剂中，滴铸在步骤(2)中的薄膜上使n型掺杂剂溶液渗入p型柔性热电薄膜中，溶剂除去滤膜或60～90℃下真空干燥后揭膜，得到n型柔性热电薄膜。
进一步地，所述p型和n型柔性热电薄膜制备中，所述溶剂为去离子水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、二甲基亚砜中的一种或两种。
更进一步地，所述p型无机材料在p柔性热电薄膜中的质量含量为5～80％；所述n型掺杂剂在最终所得n型柔性热电薄膜的质量含量为0.1～30％。
进一步地，在步骤(3)中，所述抽滤法所用滤膜为醋酸滤膜，除去滤膜所用溶剂为丙酮。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的制备方法。
一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将p型和n型柔性热电薄膜裁剪成相同大小的长方形薄膜；
(2)将步骤(1)中的p型和n型柔性热电薄膜交替进行堆叠，并在其中插入绝缘双面胶，用导电银浆将热电薄膜连接后，用两块玻璃板夹住，在80℃烘箱中固化50min；
(3)用导电银浆将银导线分别从器件的两极引出，再置于80℃烘箱中固化50min后即可得到自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件。
上述技术方案中，所述绝缘双面胶为PET材质的超薄双面胶。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供了一种具有优异柔性的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，该器件由于其优异的自支撑与柔性，可应用于各类曲面应用场景，由于组成器件的热电薄膜中无机材料优异的光吸收与光热转换特性，该器件可用于光强测试。该器件制备工艺简单、应用方便、节能环保、耐用性强，在光强测试与光传感领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中p型热电薄膜和n型热电薄膜的实物照片。
图2为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的结构示意图。
图3为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的实物照片。
图4为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同温差下产生的开路电压。
图5为实施例1所涉及的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件对于可见光强度的响应。
具体实施方式
下述非限制性实施例可以使本领域的普通技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但不以任何方式限制本发明。
下述实施例中所述试验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径获得。
具体实施方案之一：
一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的制备方法，包括如下步骤。
(1)将p型无机材料在适当溶剂中超声分散，形成均匀分散液，其中，p型无机材料与溶剂质量比为1～100:1000；
(2)步骤(1)所得的p型无机材料分散液中加入有机支撑材料，50～100℃下磁力搅拌1～5h得到均匀分散液，将分散液抽滤或滴铸在覆有铝箔的基板上，在60～90℃下真空干燥，滴铸法可多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，得p型柔性热电薄膜；
(3)将n型掺杂剂溶于适宜溶剂中，滴铸在步骤(2)中的薄膜上，溶剂除去滤膜或60～90℃下真空干燥后揭膜，得到n型柔性热电薄膜。
(4)将p型和n型柔性热电薄膜裁剪成相同大小的长方形薄膜，将p型和n型柔性热电薄膜交替进行堆叠，并在其中插入绝缘双面胶，用导电银浆将热电薄膜连接后，用两块玻璃板夹住，在80℃烘箱中固化50min；
(5)用导电银浆将银导线分别从器件的两极引出，再置于80℃烘箱中固化50min后即可得到自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件。
上述技术方案中，所述有机支撑材料为聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、聚偏氟乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚苯胺中的一种；所述p型无机材料为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管、FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯、Ag 2S中的一种或几种；所述n型掺杂剂为聚乙烯亚胺、苄基紫精、二乙烯三胺中的一种。
上述技术方案中，所述p型无机材料在p柔性热电薄膜中的质量含量为5～80％；所述n型掺杂剂在最终所得n型柔性热电薄膜的质量含量为0.1～30％
实施例1
(1)将单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)在去离子水中超声分散1h，分散液浓度为0.1％，加入PEDOT:PSS水分散液，SWCNT:(PEDOT:PSS)＝6:4，50℃下磁力搅拌1h得到均匀分散液，将分散液用醋酸滤膜抽滤，丙酮溶去滤膜后80℃真空干燥得到p型柔性热电 薄膜，薄膜厚度为35μm；
(2)将SWCNT在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中超声分散1h，分散液浓度为0.1％，加入聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)，SWCNT:PVDF＝2:8，50℃下磁力搅拌3h得到均匀分散液，将分散液滴铸于覆有铝箔的基板上，80℃下真空干燥，多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，滴加PEI对其进行n型掺杂，PEI在n型热电薄膜中的含量为16％，薄膜厚度为28μm；
(3)将2个p型和n型柔性热电薄膜裁剪成相同大小的长方形薄膜，将p型和n型柔性热电薄膜交替进行堆叠形成2个p-n对，并在其中插入绝缘双面胶，用导电银浆将热电薄膜连接后，用两块玻璃板夹住，在80℃烘箱中固化50min；
(4)用导电银浆将银导线分别从器件的两极引出，再置于80℃烘箱中固化50min后即可得到自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件。
上述制备得到的p型柔性热电薄膜的塞贝克系数为17.5μV/K，功率因子为功率因子为37.57μW/(m·K 2)，n型柔性热电薄膜的塞贝克系数为-27.5μV/K，功率因子为功率因子为37.15μW/(m·K 2)。
图1为实施例1中p型热电薄膜和n型热电薄膜的实物照片，其中：a、p型热电薄膜弯曲的实物照片，b、n型热电薄膜弯曲的实物照片，图1中可以看出，两种热电薄膜的表面较为平整，且在镊子的作用下能够实现较好的弯折，具有良好的柔韧性。图2为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的结构示意图，单个p-n对中p型与n型柔性热电薄膜的一端由导电银浆粘结，除粘结处外的其他部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔。同样的，p-n对间的p型与n型柔性热电薄膜的一端由导电银浆粘结，除粘结处外的其他部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔。导电银浆在各层两端交替设置，整个薄膜形成“之”型电连接。组装成自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件后可弯曲使用也可折叠使用，热端暴露于光照下即可进行光强测试。图3为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的实物照片，其中：a、自支撑柔性热电器件的实物照片，b、自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的弯折实物照片。图3中可见，器件的柔韧性依然十分良好，在镊子的作用下可以轻松地实现弯曲。优异的柔性使其可以适用于更多的应用场景，可以根据应用场景的不同任意调整弯曲程度，较传统刚性光强测试器件相比拥有更加广阔的应用空间与应用潜力。图4为实施例1中自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同温差下产生的开路电压，自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件产生的开路电压随器件两端温差的增大而线性增大，在温差为35K时能够产生3.31mV的电压，说明该自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在很小的温差下即可产生电信号。图5为实施例1所涉及的自支撑柔性光功率 强度测试器件对于可见光强度的响应，图5中可见，自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件产生的开路电压随模拟光源光照强度的增大而线性提高，且线性非常好，说明该器件可以将光照强度信号转换为电信号，从而对光照强度进行感知。由此可见，所制作的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在光强度测试与光传感领域具有较大的应用空间。
实施例2-4
将p型热电薄膜的SWCNT与PEDOT:PSS的质量比分别改为2:8、4:6和8:2，其他条件与实施例1一致。测定结果显示，制备得到的p型热电薄膜的塞贝克系数均在17μV/K上下浮动，组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例5-7
将n型热电薄膜的SWCNT与PVDF的质量比分别改为5:95、10:90、15:85，其他条件与实施例1一致。测定结果显示，制备得到的n型热电薄膜的塞贝克系数分别为-30.89μV/K、-27.51μV/K和-31.91μV/K。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例8-10
将n型热电薄膜的掺杂剂PEI的浓度分别改为4％、8％和12％，其他条件与实施例1一致。测定结果显示，制备得到的n型热电薄膜的塞贝克系数分别为-29.26μV/K、-30.16μV/K和-29.88μV/K。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例11-13
将自支撑柔性热电器件的p-n对分别改为3对、4对和5对，其他条件与实施例1一致。测定结果显示，随着p-n对数目的增加，热电器件的柔性下降，但是相同光照强度下产生的开路电压增大。
实施例14-15
将n型掺杂剂更换为苄基紫精、二乙烯三胺(DETA)，掺杂浓度为8％，其他条件与实施例1一致。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例16-17
将p型热电薄膜的无机组分分别更换为FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯、Ag 2S，其他条件与实 施例1一致。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例18
将p型和n型热电薄膜的有机组分均更换为聚乙烯醇(PVA)，溶剂更换为去离子水，构建的自支撑柔性热电器件的p-n对为3对，其他条件与实施例1一致。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例19
p型和n型热电薄膜的有机组分均更换为聚苯胺(PVA)，无机组分分别选用FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯和二乙烯三胺(DETA)掺杂的单壁碳纳米管，溶剂选用DMF，利用滴铸法构筑热电薄膜，其他条件与实施例1一致。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例20-23
将n型热电薄膜的掺杂剂二乙烯三胺(DETA)的浓度分别改为4％、8％和12％，掺杂剂溶剂选择乙醇，其他条件与实施例19一致。组建的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件在不同强度光源下可产生不同的开路电压。
实施例24
p型热电薄膜的无机组分更改为多壁碳纳米管；n型热电薄膜更改为以苄基紫精掺杂剂改性的多壁碳纳米管/PVDF，其他条件与实施例1一致。
实施例25-27
将p型热电薄膜的无机组分更换为FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯，n型热电薄膜更换为以二乙烯三胺(DETA)掺杂剂改性的单壁碳纳米管/PVDF，FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯与PEDOT:PSS的质量比分别改为2:8、4:6和8:2，其他条件与实施例1一致。
实施例28-30
将p型热电薄膜的无机组分更换为Ag 2S，溶剂选用二甲基亚砜，选用滴铸法制膜，n型热电薄膜选用PEI掺杂剂改性的多壁碳纳米管/PVDF，掺杂剂PEI的浓度分别为4％、8％和12％，其他条件与实施例1一致。
实施例31-33
n型热电薄膜选用DETA掺杂剂改性的石墨烯/PVDF，石墨烯与PVDF的质量比分别为10:90、20:80和40:60，其他条件与实施例1一致。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件，其特征在于：所述器件由多组p-n对叠加而成，每两组p-n对间由绝缘材料部分阻隔；每组p-n对由一片p型柔性热电薄膜、一片n型柔性热电薄膜和将p型柔性热电薄膜与n型柔性热电薄膜部分阻隔的绝缘薄膜组成，其中，
    所述p型柔性热电薄膜由有机支撑材料和p型无机材料复合而成；
    所述n型柔性热电薄膜是经n型掺杂剂负离子化掺杂的p型柔性热电薄膜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述有机支撑材料为聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、聚偏氟乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚苯胺中的一种；所述p型无机材料为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管、FeCl 3掺杂的石墨烯、Ag 2S中的一种或几种；所述n型掺杂剂为聚乙烯亚胺、苄基紫精、二乙烯三胺中的一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述n型柔性热电薄膜是使n型掺杂剂渗入p型柔性热电薄膜中而获得。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件包含1～5组p-n对。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：p型与n型柔性热电薄膜一端以导电银浆粘结，其余部分由绝缘薄膜阻隔，导电银浆在各层两端交替设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述p型柔性热电薄膜按下述方法制得：
    (1)将p型无机材料在适当溶剂中超声分散，形成均匀分散液，其中，p型无机材料与溶剂质量比为1～100:1000；
    (2)步骤(1)所得的p型无机材料分散液中加入有机支撑材料，50～100℃下磁力搅拌1～5h得到均匀分散液；将分散液抽滤或滴铸在覆有铝箔的基板上，在60～90℃下真空干燥，滴铸法可多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，得p型柔性热电薄膜。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述n型柔性热电薄膜按下述方法制得：
    (1)将p型无机材料在适当溶剂中超声分散，形成均匀分散液，其中，p型无机材料与溶剂质量比为1～100:1000；
    (2)步骤(1)所得的p型无机材料分散液中加入有机支撑材料，50～100℃下磁力搅拌1～5h得到均匀分散液；将分散液抽滤或滴铸在覆有铝箔的基板上，在60～90℃下真空干燥，滴铸法可多层滴铸达到适宜厚度，得p型柔性热电薄膜；
    (3)将n型掺杂剂溶于适宜溶剂中，滴铸在步骤(2)中的薄膜上使n型掺杂剂溶液渗入p型柔性热电薄膜中，溶剂除去滤膜或60～90℃下真空干燥后揭膜，得到n型柔性热电薄膜。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述溶剂为去离子水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、二甲基亚砜中的一种或两种。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的测试器件，其特征在于：所述p型无机材料在p型柔性热电薄膜中的质量含量为5～80％；所述n型掺杂剂在最终所得n型柔性热电薄膜的质量含量为0.1～30％。
  10. 权利要求1的自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (1)将p型和n型柔性热电薄膜裁剪成相同大小的长方形薄膜；
    (2)将步骤(1)中的p型和n型柔性热电薄膜交替进行堆叠，并在其中插入绝缘双面胶，用导电银浆将热电薄膜连接后，用两块玻璃板夹住，在80℃烘箱中固化50min；
    (3)用导电银浆将银导线分别从器件的两极引出，再置于80℃烘箱中固化50min后即可得到自支撑柔性光功率强度测试器件。
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