WO2022068709A1 - 摄像装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022068709A1
WO2022068709A1 PCT/CN2021/120564 CN2021120564W WO2022068709A1 WO 2022068709 A1 WO2022068709 A1 WO 2022068709A1 CN 2021120564 W CN2021120564 W CN 2021120564W WO 2022068709 A1 WO2022068709 A1 WO 2022068709A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
diffractive
refractive
diffraction
protrusions
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PCT/CN2021/120564
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔德卿
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2022068709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022068709A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular relates to a camera device and electronic equipment.
  • the electronic equipment is usually equipped with a camera device to realize the camera function.
  • a camera device to realize the camera function.
  • the performance of the camera device continues to be optimized.
  • the size of the camera device configured in the electronic equipment is getting larger and larger, which can achieve better optical performance.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a camera device and an electronic device, which can solve the contradiction between the thickness of the electronic device and the size of the camera device in the background art.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses a camera device, which includes a photosensitive chip, a first lens mechanism, and a second lens mechanism, the first lens mechanism is disposed between the photosensitive chip and the second lens mechanism, and the second lens mechanism includes a first lens mechanism.
  • the first-fold diffractive mirror and the second-fold diffraction mirror are arranged in sequence in the direction of projecting light to the photosensitive chip, the first-fold diffraction mirror, the second-fold diffraction mirror, the first lens mechanism and the photosensitive chip, through the environment of the second lens mechanism
  • the light can be refracted and diffracted by the first refracting diffraction lens and the second refracting diffraction lens in sequence, and the ambient light after refracting and diffracting can be projected onto the photosensitive chip through the first lens mechanism.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic device, including the above-mentioned camera device.
  • the imaging device by replacing part of the lenses with a first-fold diffractive lens and a second-fold diffractive lens, since the first-refractive diffractive lens and the second-fold diffractive lens can eliminate chromatic aberration, the imaging device does not require additional
  • the lens for eliminating chromatic aberration can be configured to reduce the number of lenses. This structure can enable the camera device to eliminate chromatic aberration to ensure image quality, and reduce the number of lenses of the camera device, thereby reducing the size of the camera module. , which can finally resolve the contradiction between the size of the camera device and the thickness of the electronic device.
  • the first-fold diffractive lens and the second-fold diffractive lens cooperate with each other to realize multi-order diffraction, which can further improve the diffraction efficiency, because both the first-fold diffraction lens and the second-fold diffraction lens can eliminate chromatic aberration.
  • the first-fold diffractive lens and the second-fold diffractive lens cooperate with each other, so that the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration can be better played.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the area surrounded by the dotted box in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another camera device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the area surrounded by the dotted box in FIG. 3 .
  • first, second and the like in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and distinguish between “first”, “second”, etc.
  • the objects are usually of one type, and the number of objects is not limited.
  • the first object may be one or more than one.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses a camera device, and the disclosed camera device can be applied to electronic equipment.
  • the disclosed camera device includes a photosensitive chip 100 , a first lens mechanism 200 and a second lens mechanism 300 .
  • the photosensitive chip 100 is a component used for imaging in the camera device. During the specific shooting process, the ambient light reflected by the photographed object can finally be projected on the photosensitive chip 100, and the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive chip 100 can convert the light signal into and The electrical signal corresponding to the light signal, so as to achieve the purpose of imaging. Under normal circumstances, the photosensitive chip 100 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device, charge coupled device) device, or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor) device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the photosensitive chip 100. specific type.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device, charge coupled device
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • the first lens mechanism 200 and the second lens mechanism 300 are both light distribution devices.
  • the camera device may include a lens holder. Both the first lens mechanism 200 and the second lens mechanism 300 are installed in the lens barrel of the lens of the camera device. , and then the lens is installed on the lens bracket, thereby realizing the installation of the first lens mechanism 200 and the second lens mechanism 300 .
  • the first lens mechanism 200 is arranged between the photosensitive chip 100 and the second lens mechanism 300. In the direction close to the photosensitive chip 100, the second lens mechanism 300 and the first lens mechanism 200 are arranged in sequence, and the second lens mechanism 300 and the first lens mechanism 200 are arranged in sequence.
  • the lens mechanisms 200 are all capable of optically adjusting ambient light to achieve the purpose of light distribution.
  • the first lens mechanism 200 may include common lenses 220, such as convex lenses, concave lenses, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type and quantity of the lenses 220 included in the first lens mechanism 200.
  • the first lens mechanism 200 may include a lens holder 210 and at least two lenses 220, and the at least two lenses 220 are mounted on the lens holder 210, so as to facilitate the integral installation after pre-assembly. , which can ultimately improve assembly efficiency.
  • the second lens mechanism 300 may include a first refractive diffractive lens 310 and a second refractive diffractive lens 320.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may be sequentially arranged in the direction toward the photosensitive chip 100.
  • the first The refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may be arranged at the same height, so the optical axis of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the optical axis of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 are collinear.
  • the positions of the first fold diffractive mirror 310 and the second fold diffraction mirror 320 can be exchanged with each other.
  • the first-refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second-refractive diffractive lens 320 can refract and diffract the passing ambient light. According to the principle of refraction and diffraction, both the refraction and diffraction process of ambient light will produce chromatic aberration.
  • the first-refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second-refractive diffractive lens 320 can both refract ambient light and diffract ambient light
  • the first-refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second-refractive diffractive lens 320 diffract ambient light
  • the resulting chromatic aberration and the chromatic aberration caused by the refraction of the ambient light will cancel each other out, so that the chromatic aberration caused by the ambient light during the shooting process can be alleviated or even eliminated.
  • the assembly relationship of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 can be set, so that the second lens mechanism 300 has an optimal refractive and diffractive effect.
  • the first folded diffractive lens 310, the second folded diffractive lens 320, the first lens mechanism 200 and the photosensitive chip 100 are arranged in sequence.
  • the diffractive mirror 320 , the first lens mechanism 200 and the photosensitive chip 100 can be arranged at intervals in sequence, which can effectively avoid the problem of mutual interference between the internal components of the imaging device.
  • the ambient light passing through the second lens mechanism 300 can be refracted and diffracted by the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 in sequence, and the refracted ambient light can be projected through the first lens mechanism 200 On the photosensitive chip 100 , the photosensitive imaging of the photosensitive chip 100 is finally realized.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 both have diffractive structures, and the diffractive structures can play a role in diffracting ambient light.
  • the first fold diffractive mirror 310 may have a first diffraction structure
  • the second fold diffraction mirror 320 may have a second diffraction structure.
  • the first diffractive structure may be located on one side of the first fold diffractive lens 310
  • the second diffractive structure may be located on one side of the second fold diffractive lens 320 .
  • the first diffractive structure may be located on the image side of the first fold diffractive lens 310 , or may be located on the object side of the first fold diffractive lens 310 .
  • the second diffractive structure may be located on the image side of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 , or may be located on the object side of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 .
  • the first diffractive structure may be located inside the first fold diffractive mirror 310
  • the second diffraction structure may be located inside the second fold diffractive mirror 320 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the first diffraction structure to be on the first fold diffractive mirror 310
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific position of the second diffractive structure on the second refractive diffractive lens 320 either.
  • the first diffractive structure and the second diffractive structure are located on opposite sides of the first folded diffractive mirror 310 and the second folded diffractive mirror 320, respectively.
  • the protection of the two-diffraction structure avoids wear, bumps, etc.
  • the structure of the imaging device in the background technology is improved, so that the second lens mechanism 300 includes a first refractive diffractive lens 310 and a second refractive diffractive lens 320.
  • the first refracting diffractive lens 310 and the second refracting diffractive lens 320 can make the chromatic aberration generated by diffraction and the chromatic aberration generated by refraction cancel each other out, and in the direction of projecting light to the photosensitive chip 100 , the first folded diffractive mirror 310, the second folded diffraction mirror 320, the first lens mechanism 200 and the photosensitive chip 100 are arranged in sequence, and the ambient light passing through the second lens mechanism 300 can be affected by the first folded diffraction mirror 310 and the second folded diffraction mirror 320 is refracted and diffracted in sequence, and the ambient light after refracting and diff
  • the camera device does not need to be additionally equipped with lenses for eliminating chromatic aberration, thereby reducing the number of lenses.
  • This structure enables the camera device to eliminate chromatic aberration to ensure image quality, and reduce the number of lenses of the camera device, thereby enabling The size of the camera module becomes smaller, which can finally resolve the contradiction between the size of the camera device and the thickness of the electronic device.
  • the first-fold diffractive mirror 310 and the second-fold diffraction mirror 320 cooperate with each other to realize multi-layer diffraction, which can further improve the diffraction efficiency. Since both the first-fold diffraction mirror 310 and the second-fold diffraction mirror 320 can play To eliminate chromatic aberration, the first-fold diffractive lens 310 and the second-fold diffractive lens 320 cooperate with each other, so that the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration can be better played.
  • the imaging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can realize multi-layer diffraction, thereby achieving a high first-order diffraction efficiency (at least 99%), and can reduce the stray light and glare generated by other orders of diffracted light while increasing the amount of incoming light. question.
  • the second lens mechanism 300 may further include an embossed adhesive layer 330, and the embossed adhesive layer 330 is disposed between the first folded diffractive mirror 310 and the second folded diffractive mirror 320, and the first folded diffractive mirror 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may be connected through the embossing glue layer 330 .
  • the embossed rubber layer 330 can form the first-fold diffractive lens 310 and the second-fold diffractive lens 320 into a whole, thereby facilitating the integral installation in the camera device.
  • an embossing glue is applied on the first folded diffractive lens 310, the second folded diffractive lens 320 is aligned with the direction of the embossing glue, and embossed toward the embossing glue, and then the pressure is made by curing.
  • the embossing rubber is formed into the embossing rubber layer 330 .
  • the embossing glue is cured by means of ultraviolet exposure, so that the first-refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second-refractive diffractive lens 320 are glued together.
  • the embossed rubber layer 330 can play the role of bonding the first folded diffractive lens 310 and the second folded diffractive lens 320.
  • the thickness of the embossed rubber layer 330 can also be adjusted to determine the first folded diffractive lens 310 and the second folded diffractive lens 320. The distance between the diffractive mirrors 320 is refracted.
  • the embossing glue layer 330 may be a UV-curable embossing glue or a thermosetting embossing glue.
  • the thickness hi of the embossed adhesive layer 330 may be greater than 0.5 ⁇ m and less than 500 ⁇ m.
  • the embossed adhesive layer 330 can be a refractive index compensation layer, which can reduce the difference between the refractive indices of the diffractive surfaces of the first folded diffractive mirror 310 , thereby reducing the manufacturing process of the first folded diffraction mirror 310 It is difficult to improve the diffraction efficiency.
  • the light that is optimally adjusted by the first-fold diffraction lens 310 and the embossed rubber layer 330 enters the second-fold diffraction lens 320 at a suitable angle, and the second-fold diffraction lens 320 again refracts the light.
  • the chromatic aberration caused by the diffraction of light by the second refractive diffractive lens 320 and the chromatic aberration caused by the refraction of the light will cancel each other, so that the chromatic aberration caused by the light during the projection process can be eliminated, and the projection quality can be further improved.
  • both the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may be glass structural members.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 can be made of optical plastic by injection molding.
  • the first-fold diffractive lens 310 and the second-fold diffractive lens 320 are both optical plastic structural parts, and the optical plastic is light in weight, which is conducive to reducing the size of the first-fold diffractive lens. 310 and the quality of the second refracting diffractive lens 320, thereby helping to reduce the quality of the lens of the camera module.
  • the zoom motor can drive the lens to move. Since the mass of the lens can be reduced, the camera module does not need to be equipped with a high-power motor, which is not only beneficial to reduce the cost of the camera device, but also Energy consumption can also be reduced.
  • optical plastic structural parts has the advantages of simpler processing, more suitable for mass production, and lower processing costs.
  • various optical plastics such as PC (Polycarbonate, polycarbonate), COC (Cyclic Oleflns Copolymet, cyclic olefin copolymer), COP (Cycio Olefins Polymer, cyclic olefin polymer), etc.
  • PC Polycarbonate, polycarbonate
  • COC Cyclic Oleflns Copolymet, cyclic olefin copolymer
  • COP Cycio Olefins Polymer, cyclic olefin polymer
  • the second lens mechanism 300 can achieve an optimal diffraction effect by adjusting the refractive indices of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 , the second refractive diffractive lens 320 and the embossed rubber layer 330 .
  • the refractive index can be determined by selecting the thickness and material of the first-fold diffractive mirror 310, the second-fold diffraction mirror 320 and the embossed rubber layer 330.
  • the first-fold diffraction mirror 310 The refractive index n p1 is greater than 1.3RIU (RIU, Refractive index unit, refractive index unit) and less than 1.8RIU, or the refractive index n p2 of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 is greater than 1.3RIU and less than 1.8RIU, or, the embossing glue
  • the refractive index n i of the layer 330 is greater than 1.3 RIU and less than 1.9 RIU.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 , the second refractive diffractive lens 320 and the embossed rubber layer 330 in this refractive index range can make the projected ambient light pass through. A better refraction effect is obtained, so that the chromatic aberration caused by the refraction can better offset the chromatic aberration caused by the diffraction, and finally a better imaging quality can be obtained.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 may include a plurality of concentrically arranged first diffractive protrusions 312 , and the plurality of concentrically disposed first diffraction protrusions 312 form a first diffractive structure of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 .
  • the ambient light passes through the first folded diffractive lens 310 , it is first refracted through the first refracting surface (which can be considered as the surface of the first folded diffractive lens 310 facing away from the first diffraction protrusion 312 ), and then passes through the first diffraction protrusion 312 for refraction.
  • the center of the first folded diffractive mirror 310 moves away from the center In the radial direction, the distance between the tops of the two adjacent first diffractive protrusions 312 (ie, the period ⁇ 1 of the first diffractive structure) decreases, so that the period of the first diffractive structure is from the center of the first diffractive structure to The edge of the first diffractive structure gradually decreases.
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 is a circular lens, and the plurality of first diffractive protrusions 312 are annular protrusions arranged concentrically. Such an arrangement can make the area close to the edge of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 have a better diffraction effect.
  • the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may include a plurality of concentrically disposed second diffractive protrusions 322 , and the plurality of concentrically disposed second diffractive protrusions 322 form a second diffractive structure of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 .
  • the ambient light passes through the second diffractive lens 320, it is diffracted by the second diffractive protrusion 322 first, and then passes through the second refractive surface (it can be considered as the surface of the second diffractive lens 320 facing away from the second diffractive protrusion 322) Refraction, and then achieve the purpose of mutual cancellation of chromatic aberration caused by refraction and diffraction.
  • the plurality of concentrically arranged second diffractive protrusions 322 make the second diffractive structure of the second folded diffractive mirror 320 a sawtooth structure.
  • the distance between the top ends of two adjacent second diffraction protrusions 322 ie, the period ⁇ 2 of the second diffraction structure
  • the second refractive diffractive lens 320 is a circular lens
  • the plurality of second diffractive protrusions 322 are annular protrusions arranged concentrically.
  • the distance between the top ends of two adjacent first diffractive protrusions 312 may be greater than 0.5 ⁇ m and less than 300 ⁇ m.
  • the diffractive protrusion 312 has a root and a top, the top of the first diffractive protrusion 312 is the top of the first diffractive protrusion 312 , and the root of the first diffractive protrusion 312 is the bottom of the first diffractive protrusion 312 .
  • the distance between the top ends of the two adjacent first diffractive protrusions 312 can better ensure the diffraction effect, which helps to offset the chromatic aberration caused by refraction caused by the chromatic aberration caused by diffraction.
  • the distance between the tops of two adjacent second diffractive protrusions 322 may be greater than 0.5 ⁇ m and less than 300 ⁇ m. It should be noted that the second diffractive protrusions 322 Having a root and a top, the top of the second diffractive protrusion 322 is the top of the second diffractive protrusion 322 , and the root of the second diffractive protrusion 322 is the bottom end of the second diffractive protrusion 322 .
  • the distance between the top ends of the two adjacent second diffractive protrusions 322 can better ensure the diffraction effect, which helps to offset the chromatic aberration caused by the diffraction to offset the chromatic aberration caused by the refraction.
  • the period ⁇ 1 of the first diffractive structure may be equal to the period ⁇ 2 of the second diffractive structure.
  • the height h d1 of the first diffractive protrusion 312 may be greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and less than 30 ⁇ m. After testing, the height of the first diffractive protrusion 312 can better ensure the diffraction effect. It should be noted that the height of the first diffractive protrusion 312 refers to the dimension in the direction from the bottom end to the top end of the first diffractive protrusion 312 . Specifically, in the radial direction from the center of the first-fold diffractive mirror 310 away from the center, the height of the first diffractive protrusions 312 decreases or increases. The heights can be equal.
  • the height h d2 of the second diffractive protrusion 322 may be greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and less than 30 ⁇ m. After testing, the height of the second diffractive protrusion 322 can better ensure the diffraction effect. It should be noted that the height of the second diffractive protrusion 322 refers to the dimension in the direction from the bottom end to the top end of the second diffractive protrusion 322 . Specifically, in the radial direction away from the center of the second diffractive structure, the heights of the second diffractive protrusions 322 decrease or increase. Of course, the heights of all the second diffractive protrusions 322 of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 equal.
  • the internal layout of the second lens mechanism 300 is more compact.
  • the first diffractive protrusions 312 and the second diffractive protrusions 322 can be respectively provided in The opposite surfaces of the first folded diffractive mirror 310 and the second folded diffractive mirror 320 .
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 may further include a first base layer 311, the first diffractive protrusions 312 are disposed on the first base layer 311, and the surface of the first base layer 311 facing away from the first diffraction protrusions 312 is the first base layer 311.
  • the first surface 311a may be a plane, a concave surface or a convex surface, and the specific surface shape of the first surface 311a may be spherical or aspherical.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific surface shape of the first surface 311a.
  • the diffraction effect of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 can be more optimized.
  • the first base layer 311 can provide a foundation for the first diffractive protrusions 312, so that the first diffractive protrusions 312 have high strength and are not easily damaged. At the same time, the first base layer 311 also facilitates the formation of the first diffractive protrusions 312 .
  • the first base layer 311 is also a light-transmitting material, which needs to be able to ensure the passage of ambient light.
  • the material of the first base layer 311 is the same as the material of the first diffractive protrusions 312 , and both can be made of materials such as glass material, optical plastic, and the like.
  • the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may further include a second base layer 321, the second diffractive protrusions 322 are disposed on the second base layer 321, and the surface of the second base layer 321 facing away from the second diffractive protrusions 322 is the sixth surface 321a.
  • the six surfaces 321a may be plane, concave or convex, and the surface shape of the sixth surface 321 may be spherical or aspherical. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific surface shape of the sixth surface 321a.
  • the refraction effect of the second refractive diffractive lens 320 can be more optimized.
  • the second base layer 321 can provide a foundation for the second diffractive protrusions 322 , so that the second diffractive protrusions 322 have high strength and are not easily damaged. At the same time, the second base layer 321 also facilitates the formation of the second diffractive protrusions 322 .
  • the second base layer 321 is also a light-transmitting material, which needs to be able to ensure the passage of ambient light.
  • the material of the second base layer 321 is the same as the material of the second diffractive protrusions 322 , and both can be made of glass material, optical plastic and other materials.
  • the thickness h p1 of the first base layer 311 may be greater than 0.05 mm and less than 0.6 mm, or the thickness h p2 of the second base layer 321 may be greater than 0.05 mm and less than 0.6 mm.
  • the thickness of the base layer 311 and the second base layer 321 can be used to change the diffraction effect of the first folded diffractive mirror 310 and the second folded diffractive mirror 320. After testing, the first base layer 311 and the second base layer 321 in the above thickness range can make the first base layer 311 and the second base layer 321 The refraction and diffraction effect of the two-lens mechanism 300 is better.
  • the aspherical surface equations of the first surface 311a and the sixth surface 321a are shown in the following formula (1):
  • c is the curvature of the first surface 311a or the sixth surface 321a, the curvatures of the first surface 311a and the sixth surface 321a may be the same or different, K is the conic constant, A 2n is the 2nth power Phase coefficient, r is the distance of ambient light from the optical axis, the optical axis in this text refers to the optical axis of the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320, x 1 is the first surface 311a or the sixth surface The distance between each point of 321a and the respective base surface, the base surface being a surface passing through the center of the first surface 311a or the sixth surface 321a and perpendicular to the optical axis, the distance is the distance along the optical axis direction.
  • the surface of the first base layer 311 used to support the first diffractive protrusion 312 is the second surface 311b
  • the second surface 311b can be regarded as the reference plane of the first diffractive structure
  • the second surface 311b can be It is a plane, spherical or aspherical surface.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific surface shape of the second surface 311b.
  • the surface on which the tops of all the first diffractive protrusions 312 are located is the third surface 311c.
  • x d1 is the distance between each point of the first diffraction structure and the reference plane of the first diffraction structure, the distance is the distance along the optical axis, c is the curvature of the second surface 311b, and K is the conic constant ,
  • a 2n is the aspheric coefficient of the power of 2n, r is the distance of the ambient light from the optical axis, n is the number of diffraction rings counted from the center to the edge of the first diffraction lens 310 included in the first diffraction structure, and is the number of the first diffraction protrusions 312.
  • first diffraction protrusions 312 are annular protrusions
  • one annular protrusion is a diffraction ring zone
  • h d1 is the first diffraction calculated by the scalar diffraction theory
  • the height of the structure that is, the height of the first diffractive protrusion 312, that is, the distance between the third surface 311c and the second surface 311b, 0.1 ⁇ m ⁇ h d1 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m
  • ⁇ 1 is the optical path generated by the diffraction of the first diffractive structure , which can be calculated by the following formula (3).
  • ⁇ 1 (C 2 r 2 +C 4 r 4 +C 6 r 6 +...+C 2n r 2n ) ⁇ 2 ⁇ / ⁇ (3)
  • C 2n is the phase coefficient of the power of 2n
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the ambient light
  • r is the distance of the ambient light from the optical axis.
  • the surface of the second base layer 321 for supporting the second diffractive protrusions 322 is the fifth surface 321b
  • the fifth surface 321b can be regarded as the reference surface of the second diffractive structure
  • the fifth surface 321b can be Plane, spherical or aspherical, also, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific surface shape of the fifth surface 321b.
  • the surface where the tops of all the second diffractive protrusions 322 are located is the fourth surface 321c.
  • x d2 is the distance between each point of the second diffractive structure and the reference plane of the second diffractive structure, the distance is the distance along the optical axis, c is the curvature of the fifth surface 321b, and K is the conic constant , A 2n is the aspheric coefficient of the power of 2n, r is the distance of the ambient light from the optical axis, n is the number of diffraction rings counted from the center to the edge of the second diffraction lens 320 included in the second diffraction structure, and is the number of the second diffraction protrusions 322.
  • the second diffraction protrusions 322 are annular protrusions
  • one annular protrusion is a diffraction ring zone
  • h d2 is the second diffraction calculated by the scalar diffraction theory
  • the height of the structure that is, the height of the second diffractive protrusion 322, that is, the distance between the fourth surface 321c and the fifth surface 321b, 0.1 ⁇ m ⁇ h d2 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m, ⁇ 2 is the optical path generated by the diffraction of the second diffractive structure , can be calculated by the following formula (5).
  • ⁇ 2 (C 2 r 2 +C 4 r 4 +C 6 r 6 +...+C 2n r 2n ) ⁇ 2 ⁇ / ⁇ (5)
  • C 2n is the phase coefficient of the power of 2n
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the ambient light
  • r is the distance of the ambient light from the optical axis.
  • the first-order diffraction of the diffractive structure is the diffraction order for imaging, and the diffracted light of other orders will become glare, which will adversely affect imaging.
  • and ⁇ n 2
  • the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may be an integral injection molding structure, that is, during the manufacturing process, the first base layer 311 and the first diffractive protrusions 312 They can be formed together. Similarly, the second base layer 321 and the second diffractive protrusions 322 can be formed together. This production process has the advantages of simple processing and high production efficiency.
  • the second lens mechanism 300 may further include a first lens 300a and a second lens 300b
  • the first lens 300a may include a first refractive diffractive lens 310 and a second refractive diffractive lens 320
  • the second lens 300b is located at The side of the first lens 300a facing away from the first lens mechanism 200, or the second lens 300b is located between the first lens 300a and the first lens mechanism 200, wherein the second lens 300b can be used as an auxiliary shooting lens, and the first lens mechanism 200 cooperate with each other so that the diffraction effect of the second lens mechanism 300 is better.
  • the second lens 300b is located between the first lens 300a and the first lens mechanism 200, so that it can be better protected.
  • the camera device may further include a filter 400 , the filter 400 is located between the photosensitive chip 100 and the first lens mechanism 200 , and ambient light passing through the first lens mechanism 200 can pass through the filter 400 .
  • the light is filtered and then projected onto the photosensitive chip 100 .
  • the filter 400 can filter out the interfering light of the camera device during the shooting process.
  • the filter 400 can be an infrared filter, an infrared filter.
  • the sheet can absorb the infrared light in the ambient light passing through the first lens mechanism 200, thereby making the imaging effect of the camera device better.
  • the total number N of lenses including the first refractive diffractive lens 310 and the second refractive diffractive lens 320 may satisfy 4 ⁇ N ⁇ 9.
  • all mirror surfaces of all lenses contain at least 4 aspheric surfaces.
  • an electronic device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes the camera device described above.
  • the electronic devices disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be smart phones, Augmented Reality (AR) devices, game consoles, e-books, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific types of electronic devices.

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Abstract

一种摄像装置及一种电子设备，包括感光芯片(100)、第一透镜机构(200)和第二透镜机构(300)，第一透镜机构(200)设于感光芯片(100)与第二透镜机构(300)之间，第二透镜机构(300)包括第一折衍射镜片(310)和第二折衍射镜片(320)，在向感光芯片(100)投射光线的方向上，第一折衍射镜片(310)、第二折衍射镜片(320)、第一透镜机构(200)和感光芯片(100)依次设置，通过第二透镜机构(300)的环境光线可依次被第一折衍射镜片(310)和第二折衍射镜片(320)折衍射，且经过折衍射后的环境光线可经过第一透镜机构(200)投射至感光芯片(100)上。

Description

摄像装置及电子设备
交叉引用
本发明要求在2020年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011066120.3、发明名称为“摄像装置及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本申请属于通信设备技术领域，具体涉及一种摄像装置及电子设备。
背景技术
电子设备通常配置有摄像装置，进而实现摄像功能。随着用户的拍摄需求的提升，摄像装置的性能持续在优化。为了提升成像质量，电子设备配置的摄像装置的尺寸越来越大，进而能够实现更好的光学性能。
我们知道，电子设备向着轻薄化的方向发展，电子设备的厚度较难随意增加。在此种情况下，摄像装置的尺寸越来越大会与电子设备的轻薄化的需求产生矛盾，使得电子设备较难配置性能更优的摄像装置，很显然，这会影响电子设备的性能。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种摄像装置及电子设备，能够解决背景技术中的电子设备存在厚度与摄像装置的尺寸之间的矛盾。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例公开一种摄像装置，包括感光芯片、第一透镜机构和第二透镜机构，第一透镜机构设于感光芯片与第二透镜机构之间，第二透镜机构包括第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片，在向感光芯片投射光线的方向上，第一折衍射镜片、第二折衍射镜片、第一透镜机构和感光芯片依 次设置，通过第二透镜机构的环境光线可依次被第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片折衍射，且经过折衍射后的环境光线可经过第一透镜机构投射至感光芯片上。
第二方面，本申请实施例公开一种电子设备，包括上文所述的摄像装置。
本申请采用上述技术方案能够达到以下有益效果：
本申请实施例公开的摄像装置，通过将部分镜片更换为第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片，由于第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片能够消除色差，进而能够使得摄像装置无需额外配置用于消除色差的镜片，从而能够减小镜片数量，此种结构能够使得摄像装置既能消除色差而保证成像质量，又能减少摄像装置的镜片数量，进而能使得摄像模组的尺寸变小，最终能解决摄像装置的尺寸大小与电子设备的厚度之间的矛盾。
与此同时，第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片相互配合，从而实现多级衍射，进而能够进一步提高衍射效率，由于第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片均能够发挥消除色差的作用，第一折衍射镜片和第二折衍射镜片的相互配合，从而能够更好地发挥消除色差的作用。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种摄像装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1中虚线方框所围的区域的放大结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例公开的另一种摄像装置的结构示意图；
图4为图3中虚线方框所围的区域的放大结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-感光芯片、
200-第一透镜机构、210-镜片支架、220-镜片、
300-第二透镜机构、
300a-第一透镜、300b-第二透镜、
310-第一折衍射镜片、311-第一基层、311a-第一表面、311b-第二表面、311c-第三表面、312-第一衍射凸起、
320第二折衍射镜片、321-第二基层、321a-第六表面、321b-第五表面、321c-第四表面、322第二衍射凸起、
330-压印胶层、
400-滤光片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
如图1-图4所示，本申请实施例公开的是一种摄像装置，所公开的摄像装置可应用于电子设备。所公开的摄像装置包括感光芯片100、第一透镜机构200和第二透镜机构300。
感光芯片100是摄像装置中用于成像的部件，在具体的拍摄过程中，所拍摄的物体反射的环境光线最终能够投射到感光芯片100上，感光芯片100的感光面可以将光信号转换为与光信号相对应的电信号，从而达到成像的目的。在通常情况下，感光芯片100可以是CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电 荷耦合)器件，也可以是CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)器件，本申请实施例中不限制感光芯片100的具体种类。
第一透镜机构200和第二透镜机构300均为配光器件，在通常情况下，摄像装置可以包括镜头支架，第一透镜机构200和第二透镜机构300均安装在摄像装置的镜头的镜筒中，然后通过镜头安装在镜头支架，进而实现第一透镜机构200和第二透镜机构300的安装。
第一透镜机构200设于感光芯片100与第二透镜机构300之间，在靠近感光芯片100的方向上，第二透镜机构300与第一透镜机构200依次设置，第二透镜机构300和第一透镜机构200均能够对环境光线进行光学调节，达到配光的目的。
在本申请实施例中，第一透镜机构200可以包括普通的镜片220，例如凸透镜、凹透镜等，本申请实施例不限制第一透镜机构200所包含的镜片220的具体种类及数量。一种可选的方案中，第一透镜机构200可以包括镜片支架210和至少两个镜片220，所述的至少两个镜片220安装在镜片支架210上，从而方便预先组装后进行整体式的安装，最终能够提升装配效率。
第二透镜机构300可以包括第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以在朝向感光芯片100的方向依次设置，具体的，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以设置在同一高度上，因此第一折衍射镜片310的光轴和第二折衍射镜片320的光轴共线。当然，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以相互调换位置。
第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320能够对通过的环境光线进行折射和衍射，根据折射和衍射的原理可知，对环境光线的折射和衍射过程均会产生色差。由于第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320既能够对环境光线进行折射，又能够对环境光线进行衍射，因此，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320对环境光线进行衍射产生的色差和对环境光线进行折射 产生的色差会相互抵消，从而能够缓解甚至消除拍摄过程中环境光线产生的色差。进一步地，可以通过设置第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的装配关系，使得第二透镜机构300具有最优的折衍射效果。
在向感光芯片100投射光线的方向上，第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320、第一透镜机构200和感光芯片100依次设置，具体的，第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320、第一透镜机构200和感光芯片100可以依次间隔设置，可以有效地避免摄像装置的内部器件之间容易发生相互干涉的问题。
在具体的工作过程中，通过第二透镜机构300的环境光线可依次被第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320折衍射，且经过折衍射的环境光线可经过第一透镜机构200投射至感光芯片100上，最终实现感光芯片100的感光成像。
在本申请实施例中，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320均具有衍射结构，衍射结构能够发挥对环境光线衍射的作用。具体的，第一折衍射镜片310可以具有第一衍射结构，第二折衍射镜片320可以具有第二衍射结构。
第一衍射结构可以位于第一折衍射镜片310的一侧，第二衍射结构可以位于第二折衍射镜片320的一侧。具体的，第一衍射结构可以位于第一折衍射镜片310的像侧，也可以位于第一折衍射镜片310的物侧。同理，第二衍射结构可以位于第二折衍射镜片320的像侧，也可以位于第二折衍射镜片320的物侧。
当然，第一衍射结构可以位于第一折衍射镜片310的内部，第二衍射结构可以位于第二折衍射镜片320的内部，本申请实施例不限制第一衍射结构在第一折衍射镜片310上的具体位置，同理，本申请实施例也不限制第二衍射结构在第二折衍射镜片320上的具体位置。
一种可选的方案中，第一衍射结构和第二衍射结构分别位于第一折衍射 镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320相对的两侧，此种结构有利于实现对第一衍射结构和第二衍射结构的防护，避免发生磨损、磕碰等情况。
本申请实施例公开的摄像装置，通过对背景技术中的摄像装置的结构进行改进，使得第二透镜机构300包括第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320，在环境光线依次经过第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320时，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320能够使得衍射产生的色差和折射产生的色差相互抵消，在向感光芯片100投射光线的方向上，第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320、第一透镜机构200和感光芯片100依次设置，通过第二透镜机构300的环境光线可被第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320依次折衍射，且经过折衍射后的环境光线可经过第一透镜机构200投射至感光芯片100上，实现感光芯片100的成像。
本申请实施例公开的摄像装置，通过将部分镜片更换为第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320，由于第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320能够较好地消除色差，进而能够使得摄像装置无需额外配置用于消除色差的镜片，从而能够减小镜片数量，此种结构能够使得摄像装置既能消除色差而保证成像质量，又能减少摄像装置的镜片数量，进而能使得摄像模组的尺寸变小，最终能解决摄像装置的尺寸大小与电子设备的厚度之间的矛盾。
与此同时，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320相互配合，从而实现多层衍射，进而能够进一步提高衍射效率，由于第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320均能够发挥消除色差的作用，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的相互配合，从而能够更好地发挥消除色差的作用。
本申请实施例公开的摄像装置能够实现多层衍射，进而能够获得较高的1级衍射效率(至少99％)，在提升进光量的同时能够降低其他级次衍射光产生的杂光和眩光的问题。
在本申请实施例中，第二透镜机构300还可以包括压印胶层330，压印胶层330设置在第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320之间，第一折衍 射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以通过压印胶层330相连。此种情况下，压印胶层330能够将第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320形成一个整体，进而方便在摄像装置中的整体式安装。
一种可选的方案中，在第一折衍射镜片310上涂压印胶，第二折衍射镜片320对准压印胶的方向，朝着压印胶压印，之后通过固化的方式使得压印胶成形为压印胶层330。例如，通过紫外曝光的方式固化压印胶，使得第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320胶合在一起。压印胶层330能够起到粘合第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的作用，当然，也可以通过调整压印胶层330的厚度来决定第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320之间的距离。本申请实施例中，压印胶层330可以为紫外光固化型压印胶，也可以是热固性压印胶。具体的，压印胶层330的厚度h i可以大于0.5μm且小于500μm。
在具体的工作过程中，压印胶层330可以为折射率补偿层，进而能够减小第一折衍射镜片310的衍射面的折射率之差，进而能够降低第一折衍射镜片310的制造工艺难度，提升折衍射效率，与此同时，被第一折衍射镜片310和压印胶层330优化调整的光线以合适的角度进入第二折衍射镜片320，第二折衍射镜片320再次对光线进行折射和衍射，因此第二折衍射镜片320对光线进行衍射产生的色差和对光线进行折射产生的色差会相互抵消，从而能够消除投影过程中光线产生的色差，进而能够进一步提升投影质量。
一种可选的方案中，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320均可以为玻璃结构件，在另一种可选的方案中，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以由光学塑料注塑制成，在此种情况下，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320均为光学塑料结构件，光学塑料质轻，从而有利于减小第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的质量，进而有利于减小摄像模组的镜头的质量。在摄像装置包括变焦马达的情况下，变焦马达可驱动镜头移动，由于镜头的质量能够得到减小，因此使得摄像模组无需配置较大功率 的马达，进而不但有利于降低摄像装置的成本，而且还能够降低能耗。
此外，光学塑料结构件采用注塑成型的方式具有加工较为简单，更适用于大批量的生产，而且加工成本较低等优势。在本申请实施例中，光学塑料可以有多种，例如PC(Polycarbonate,聚碳酸酯)、COC(Cyclic OleflnsCopolymet，环烯烃类共聚合物)、COP(Cycio Olefins Polymer，环烯烃聚合物)等，本申请实施例对光学塑料的具体种类不作具体限制。
在本申请实施例中，可以通过调节第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320和压印胶层330的折射率使得第二透镜机构300达到最优的衍射效果。具体的，可以通过选择第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320和压印胶层330的厚度和材质来决定折射率的大小，一种可选的方案中，第一折衍射镜片310的折射率n p1大于1.3RIU(RIU，Refractive index unit,折射率单位)且小于1.8RIU，或者，第二折衍射镜片320的折射率n p2大于1.3RIU且小于1.8RIU，或者，压印胶层330的折射率n i大于1.3RIU且小于1.9RIU，此种折射率范围的第一折衍射镜片310、第二折衍射镜片320和压印胶层330能够使得投射的环境光线在通过时，得到较佳的折射效果，从而能够使得折射产生的色差较好地抵消衍射产生的色差，最终能够得到较好的成像质量。
在本申请实施例中，第一折衍射镜片310可以包括多个同心设置的第一衍射凸起312，多个同心设置的第一衍射凸起312形成第一折衍射镜片310的第一衍射结构。环境光线在经过第一折衍射镜片310时，先经过第一折射面(可以认为是第一折衍射镜片310背离第一衍射凸起312的表面)折射，然后再经过第一衍射凸起312进行衍射，进而达到折射和衍射产生的色差相互抵消的目的。多个同心设置的第一衍射凸起312，使得第一折衍射镜片310形成的第一衍射结构为锯齿状结构，一种可选的方案中，在第一折衍射镜片310的中心向远离中心的径向上，相邻的两个第一衍射凸起312的顶端之间的距离(即第一衍射结构的周期Λ 1)递减，进而使得第一衍射结构的周期从第一衍射结构的中心到第一衍射结构的边缘逐渐递减。第一折衍射镜片310 为圆形镜片，多个第一衍射凸起312为同心设置的环状凸起。此种布置能够使得靠近第一折衍射镜片310在靠近边缘的区域具有较好的衍射效果。
第二折衍射镜片320可以包括多个同心设置的第二衍射凸起322，多个同心设置的第二衍射凸起322形成第二折衍射镜片320的第二衍射结构。环境光线在经过第二折衍射镜片320时，先经过第二衍射凸起322进行衍射，然后再经过第二折射面(可以认为是第二折衍射镜片320背离第二衍射凸起322的表面)折射，进而达到折射和衍射产生的色差相互抵消的目的。
同理，多个同心设置的第二衍射凸起322，使得第二折衍射镜片320的第二衍射结构为锯齿状结构，一种可选的方案中，在第二折衍射镜片320的中心向远离中心的径向上，相邻的两个第二衍射凸起322的顶端之间的距离(即第二衍射结构的周期Λ 2)递减，进而使得第二衍射结构的周期从第二衍射结构的中心到第二衍射结构的边缘逐渐递减。第二折衍射镜片320为圆形镜片，多个第二衍射凸起322为同心设置的环状凸起。
在进一步的技术方案中，相邻的两个第一衍射凸起312的顶端之间的距离(即第一衍射结构的周期Λ 1)可以大于0.5μm且小于300μm，需要说明的是，第一衍射凸起312具有根部和顶部，第一衍射凸起312的顶部则为第一衍射凸起312的顶端，第一衍射凸起312的根部则为第一衍射凸起312的底端。经过检测，上述相邻的两个第一衍射凸起312的顶端之间的距离，能够较好地确保衍射效果，有助于使得衍射产生的色差来抵消折射产生的色差。
同理，相邻的两个第二衍射凸起322的顶端之间的距离(即第二衍射结构的周期Λ 2)可以大于0.5μm且小于300μm，需要说明的是，第二衍射凸起322具有根部和顶部，第二衍射凸起322的顶部则为第二衍射凸起322的顶端，第二衍射凸起322的根部则为第二衍射凸起322的底端。经过检测，上述相邻的两个第二衍射凸起322的顶端之间的距离，能够较好地确保衍射效果，有助于使得衍射产生的色差来抵消折射产生的色差。一种具体的实施 方式中，第一衍射结构的周期Λ 1可以与第二衍射结构的周期Λ 2相等。
在进一步的技术方案中，第一衍射凸起312的高度h d1可以大于0.1μm且小于30μm，经过检测，上述第一衍射凸起312的高度，能够较好地确保衍射效果。需要说明的是，第一衍射凸起312的高度，指的是第一衍射凸起312的底端至顶端方向上的尺寸。具体的，在第一折衍射镜片310的中心向远离该中心的径向上，第一衍射凸起312的高度递减或递增，当然，第一折衍射镜片310的所有的第一衍射凸起312的高度均可以相等。
同理，第二衍射凸起322的高度h d2可以大于0.1μm且小于30μm，经过检测，上述第二衍射凸起322的高度，能够较好地确保衍射效果。需要说明的是，第二衍射凸起322的高度，指的是第二衍射凸起322的底端至顶端方向上的尺寸。具体的，在第二衍射结构的中心向远离该中心的径向上，第二衍射凸起322的高度递减或递增，当然，第二折衍射镜片320的所有第二衍射凸起322的高度均可以相等。
为了让第二透镜机构300的折衍射效果更好，第二透镜机构300的内部布局更加紧凑，一种可选的方案中，第一衍射凸起312与第二衍射凸起322可以分别设于第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320相对的表面。
在进一步的技术方案中，第一折衍射镜片310还可以包括第一基层311，第一衍射凸起312设置于第一基层311上，第一基层311背离第一衍射凸起312的表面为第一表面311a，第一表面311a可以是平面、凹面或凸面，第一表面311a的具体面型可以是球面或非球面，本申请实施例不限制第一表面311a的具体面型。在第一基层311背离第一衍射凸起312的表面(即第一表面311a)为球面或非球面的情况下，能够更加优化第一折衍射镜片310的折衍射效果。
第一基层311能够为第一衍射凸起312提供设置基础，从而使得第一衍射凸起312的强度较高，不易损坏。与此同时，第一基层311也方便第一衍射凸起312的成型。当然，第一基层311也为透光材料，需要能够确保环境 光线的通过。具体的，第一基层311的材质与第一衍射凸起312的材质相同，均可以为玻璃材质、光学塑料等材料制成。
同理，第二折衍射镜片320还可以包括第二基层321，第二衍射凸起322设置于第二基层321上，第二基层321背离第二衍射凸起322表面为第六表面321a，第六表面321a可以是平面、凹面或凸面，第六表面321的面型可以是球面或非球面，本申请实施例不限制第六表面321a的具体面型。在第二基层321背离第二衍射凸起322的表面(第六表面321a)为球面或非球面的情况下，能够更加优化第二折衍射镜片320的折射效果。
第二基层321能够为第二衍射凸起322提供设置基础，从而使得第二衍射凸起322的强度较高，不易损坏。与此同时，第二基层321也方便第二衍射凸起322的成型。当然，第二基层321也为透光材料，需要能够确保环境光线的通过。具体的，第二基层321的材质与第二衍射凸起322的材质相同，均可以为玻璃材质、光学塑料等材料制成。
在本申请实施例中，第一基层311的厚度h p1可以大于0.05mm且小于0.6mm，或，第二基层321的厚度h p2可以大于0.05mm且小于0.6mm，可通过适当的调整第一基层311和第二基层321的厚度，来改变第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的折衍射效果，经过检测，上述厚度范围的第一基层311和第二基层321，能够使得第二透镜机构300的折衍射效果更好。
一种具体的实施方式中，在第一表面311a或第六表面321a为非球面的情况下，第一表面311a和第六表面321a的非球面方程为以下公式(1)所示：
Figure PCTCN2021120564-appb-000001
公式(1)中，c为第一表面311a或第六表面321a的曲率，第一表面311a和第六表面321a的曲率可以相同，也可以不同，K为圆锥常数，A 2n为2n次方的相位系数，r是环境光线距光轴的距离，本文中的光轴，指的是第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的光轴，x 1为第一表面311a或第六表面 321a的各个点与各自的基面之间的距离，该基面为经过第一表面311a或第六表面321a的中心、且与光轴垂直的面，该距离为沿光轴方向的距离。
在另一种具体的实施方式中，第一基层311用于支撑第一衍射凸起312表面为第二表面311b，第二表面311b可以认为是第一衍射结构的基准面，第二表面311b可以是平面、球面或非球面，同样，本申请实施例不限制第二表面311b的具体面型。所有的第一衍射凸起312的顶端所在的表面为第三表面311c。
在第二表面311b为非球面的情况下，第一衍射结构的面型方程为以下公式(2)所示：
Figure PCTCN2021120564-appb-000002
公式(2)中，x d1为第一衍射结构的各个点距第一衍射结构的基准面的距离，该距离为沿光轴方向的距离，c为第二表面311b的曲率，K为圆锥常数，A 2n为2n次方的非球面系数，r是环境光线距光轴的距离，n为第一衍射结构所包括的自第一折衍射镜片310的中心向边缘计数的衍射环带数，也就是第一衍射凸起312的数量，在第一衍射凸起312为环状凸起的情况下，一个环状凸起为一个衍射环带，h d1为由标量衍射理论计算出的第一衍射结构的高度，即第一衍射凸起312的高度，也就是第三表面311c与第二表面311b之间的距离，0.1μm＜h d1＜30μm，φ 1为第一衍射结构衍射产生的光程，可以由以下公式(3)计算。
φ 1＝(C 2r 2+C 4r 4+C 6r 6+…+C 2nr 2n)×2π/λ   (3)
公式(3)中，C 2n为2n次方的相位系数，λ为环境光线的波长，r是环境光线距光轴的距离。
在又一个具体实施方式中，第二基层321用于支撑第二衍射凸起322的表面为第五表面321b，第五表面321b可以认为是第二衍射结构的基准面，第五表面321b可以是平面、球面或非球面，同样，本申请实施例不限制第五 表面321b的具体面型。所有的第二衍射凸起322的顶端所在的表面为第四表面321c。
在第五表面321b为非球面的情况下，第二衍射结构的面型方程为以下公式(4)所示：
Figure PCTCN2021120564-appb-000003
公式(4)中，x d2为第二衍射结构的各个点距第二衍射结构的基准面的距离，该距离为沿光轴方向的距离，c为第五表面321b的曲率，K为圆锥常数，A 2n为2n次方的非球面系数，r是环境光线距光轴的距离，n为第二衍射结构所包括的自第二折衍射镜片320的中心向边缘计数的衍射环带数，也就是第二衍射凸起322的数量，在第二衍射凸起322为环状凸起的情况下，一个环状凸起为一个衍射环带，h d2为由标量衍射理论计算出的第二衍射结构的高度，即第二衍射凸起322的高度，也就是第四表面321c与第五表面321b之间的距离，0.1μm＜h d2＜30μm，φ 2为第二衍射结构衍射产生的光程，可以有以下公式(5)计算。
φ 2＝(C 2r 2+C 4r 4+C 6r 6+…+C 2nr 2n)×2π/λ   (5)
公式(5)中，C 2n为2n次方的相位系数，λ为环境光线的波长，r是环境光线距光轴的距离。
在本申请实施例中，衍射结构的1级衍射为成像用衍射级次，而其它级次衍射光会成为眩光，进而对成像产生不良影响，为了使得1级衍射达到最大效率而削减眩光现象，第一衍射结构的高度h d1和第二衍射结构的高度h d2根据第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320与压印胶层330的折射率差Δn 1＝|n p1-n i|和Δn 2＝|n i-n p2|并由标量衍射理论计算决定，其中，n p1和n p2分别为第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的折射率，n i为压印胶层330的折射率。
一种可选的方案中，第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320可以为 一体式注塑结构，也就是说，在生产制造的过程中，第一基层311和第一衍射凸起312可以一起成型，同理，第二基层321和第二衍射凸起322可以一起成型，此种生产工艺具有加工简单、生产效率较高等优点。
在本申请实施例中，第二透镜机构300还可以包括第一透镜300a和第二透镜300b，第一透镜300a可以包括第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320，第二透镜300b位于第一透镜300a背离第一透镜机构200的一侧，或者，第二透镜300b位于第一透镜300a与第一透镜机构200之间，其中第二透镜300b可以作为辅助拍摄透镜，与第一透镜机构200相互配合使得第二透镜机构300的折衍射效果更好，一种可选的方案中，在第二透镜300b为第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320的组合的情况下，第二透镜300b位于第一透镜300a与第一透镜机构200之间，从而能够较好的保护。
在本申请实施例中，摄像装置还可以包括滤光片400，滤光片400位于感光芯片100与第一透镜机构200之间，经过第一透镜机构200的环境光线能够经过滤光片400的滤光后再投射至感光芯片100上。滤光片400能够滤除摄像装置在拍摄过程中的干扰光，滤光片400的种类可以有多种，一种可选的方案中，滤光片400可以为红外滤光片，红外滤光片能够吸收经过第一透镜机构200的环境光线中的红外光，进而使得摄像装置的成像效果较好。
本申请实施例公开的摄像装置中，包含有第一折衍射镜片310和第二折衍射镜片320在内的总镜片数量N可以满足4≤N≤9。其中，所有的镜片的所有镜面中至少包含有4个非球面。
基于本申请实施例公开的摄像装置，本申请实施例公开的一种电子设备，所公开的电子设备包括上文所述的摄像装置。
本申请实施例公开的电子设备可以是智能手机、AR(Augmented Reality，增强现实)设备、游戏机、电子书等，本申请实施例不限制电子设备的具体种类。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上 述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种摄像装置，包括感光芯片(100)、第一透镜机构(200)和第二透镜机构(300)，所述第一透镜机构(200)设于所述感光芯片(100)与所述第二透镜机构(300)之间，所述第二透镜机构(300)包括第一折衍射镜片(310)和第二折衍射镜片(320)，在向所述感光芯片(100)投射光线的方向上，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)、所述第二折衍射镜片(320)、所述第一透镜机构(200)和所述感光芯片(100)依次设置，通过所述第二透镜机构(300)的环境光线可依次被所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和所述第二折衍射镜片(320)折衍射，且经过折衍射后的所述环境光线可经过所述第一透镜机构(200)投射至所述感光芯片(100)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第二透镜机构(300)还包括压印胶层(330)，所述压印胶层(330)设置在所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和第二折衍射镜片(320)之间，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和所述第二折衍射镜片(320)通过所述压印胶层(330)相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像装置，其中，所述压印胶层(330)的厚度大于0.5μm且小于500μm，或者，所述压印胶层(330)的折射率大于1.3RIU且小于1.9RIU。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和所述第二折衍射镜片(320)均为注塑结构件。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)的折射率大于1.3RIU且小于1.8RIU，或者，所述第二折衍射镜片(320)的折射率大于1.3RIU且小于1.8RIU。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)包括多个同心设置的第一衍射凸起(312)，在所述第一折衍射镜片(310)的中心向远离所述中心的径向上，相邻的两个所述第一衍射凸起(312)的顶端之间的距离递减；或/和，
    所述第二折衍射镜片(320)包括多个同心设置的第二衍射凸起(322)，在所述第二折衍射镜片(320)的中心向远离所述中心的径向上，相邻的两个所述第二衍射凸起(322)的顶端之间的距离递减。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像装置，其中，相邻的两个所述第一衍射凸起(312)的顶端之间的距离大于0.5μm且小于300μm，和/或，相邻的两个所述第二衍射凸起(322)的顶端之间的距离大于0.5μm且小于300μm。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一衍射凸起(312)的高度大于0.1μm且小于30μm，和/或，所述第二衍射凸起(322)的高度大于0.1μm且小于30μm。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一衍射凸起(312)与所述第二衍射凸起(322)分别设于所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和所述第二折衍射镜片(320)相对的表面上。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一折衍射镜片(310)包括第一基层(311)，所述第一衍射凸起(312)设置于所述第一基层(311)上；和/或，所述第二折衍射镜片(320)包括第二基层(321)，所述第二衍射凸起(322)设置于所述第二基层(321)上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第一基层(311)的厚度大于0.05mm且小于0.6mm，或，所述第二基层(321)的厚度大于0.05mm且小于0.6mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述第二透镜机构(300)包括第一透镜(300a)和第二透镜(300b)，所述第一透镜(300a)包括所述第一折衍射镜片(310)和所述第二折衍射镜片(320)，所述第二透镜(300b)位于所述第一透镜(300a)背离所述第一透镜机构(200)的一侧，或者，所述第二透镜(300b)位于所述第一透镜(300a)与所述第一透镜机构(200)之间。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其中，所述摄像装置还包括滤光 片(400)，所述滤光片(400)位于所述感光芯片(100)与所述第一透镜机构(200)之间。
  14. 一种电子设备，包括权利要求1-13中任一项所述的摄像装置。
PCT/CN2021/120564 2020-09-30 2021-09-26 摄像装置及电子设备 Ceased WO2022068709A1 (zh)

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