WO2022048035A1 - 一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048035A1
WO2022048035A1 PCT/CN2020/130285 CN2020130285W WO2022048035A1 WO 2022048035 A1 WO2022048035 A1 WO 2022048035A1 CN 2020130285 W CN2020130285 W CN 2020130285W WO 2022048035 A1 WO2022048035 A1 WO 2022048035A1
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Prior art keywords
insulated wire
conductor
composite material
shielding layer
reinforcing
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PCT/CN2020/130285
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
仝伟
仝娜
徐发春
龚玉洁
宋宁宁
包慧
茆顺壮
李涛
刘学东
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江苏易鼎复合技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048035A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of insulated wires, and in particular relates to a composite material-reinforced insulated wire and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Insulated wire refers to the wire used in the medium and low voltage distribution network.
  • its structure mainly includes conductors, shielding layers and insulating layers from the inside to the outside.
  • this insulated wire has a small ratio of breaking force to its own weight and elasticity.
  • the disadvantage of low modulus leads to problems such as small span, poor sag characteristics, and poor safety characteristics of distribution lines.
  • the patent announcement numbers are CN203456147U, CN202487246U, CN203260394U, and the disclosed overhead insulated wire structures are: from the inside to the outside, the composite material reinforced core, the conductor, the inner screen insulating layer, the insulating layer and the wear-resistant and weather-resistant outer screen sheath layer;
  • the reinforcing core is a rod made of a resin-based carbon fiber in the center and a reinforcing composite material that surrounds the carbon fiber.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite material reinforced insulated wire and a manufacturing method thereof, which can achieve the effect of structural enhancement of the insulated wire by arranging reinforcing tapes distributed at uniform intervals between the shielding layer and the insulating layer. And during production, the reinforcing tape in the form of prepreg is synchronously inserted between the extruded shielding layer and the insulating layer, and the curing is completed.
  • the invention has the advantages of large ratio of breaking force to self-weight of the insulated wire, high allowable bending limit, no increase in outer diameter, and relatively low cost, and furthermore, the risk of easy breakage is low, and expensive special connection and tension fittings are not required.
  • the manufacturing method of the insulated wire is simple, convenient, flexible and effective.
  • a composite material reinforced insulated wire which includes a conductor from the inside to the outside, a shielding layer, and an insulating layer, and also includes uniformly arranged on the shielding layer of the conductor and the insulating layer. Reinforcing tape between insulating layers.
  • the reinforcing tape can be semiconducting or insulating, and the thinner semiconducting reinforcing tape can replace part of the space of the conductor shielding layer, and the thinner insulating
  • the reinforcing tape can replace part of the space of the insulating layer, both of which can ensure that the outer diameter of the insulating wire does not increase, and the self-weight does not increase.
  • the thinner reinforcing tape replaces the thicker intermediate core-type reinforcing rod, so it has the advantages of high strength, good bending properties, and basically does not increase the outer diameter and self-weight of the insulated wire.
  • the reinforcing tape in the present invention is The prepreg is brought between the conductor shielding layer and the insulating layer in the extrusion process, so the present invention does not need to change the existing conductor and insulation manufacturing equipment and the installation process of the insulated wire.
  • the reinforcing tape includes reinforcing fibers and resins arranged on the reinforcing fibers.
  • the resin can be combined with the reinforcing fibers by means of impregnation to form a reinforcing tape in the form of a prepreg.
  • a further preferred technical solution is that the temperature resistance level of the resin is higher than that of the insulating layer.
  • a further preferred technical solution is that: the opposite annular surfaces of the conductor shielding layer and/or the insulating layer are provided with grooves for arranging the reinforcing strips.
  • the grooves may be provided only on the outer ring surface of the shielding layer, or only on the inner ring surface of the insulating layer, or may be partially provided on both of the above ring surfaces, so that One is to ensure that the reinforcing strip is installed and fixed firmly, and the position is not easily moved, and the other is to ensure that the diameter of the insulated wire will not be increased, and to ensure that the use environment and use requirements of the existing ordinary insulated wire are unchanged.
  • the conductor shielding layer is semi-conductive, and the thickness of the thinnest point is not checked.
  • the space of the conductor shielding layer is replaced by the thinner semi-conductive reinforcing tape, which will not increase the outer diameter of the insulated wire.
  • the thickness of the thinnest point of the insulating layer needs to be checked, so the use of thinner insulating reinforcing tape can ensure that the outer diameter and self-weight of the insulating wire do not increase.
  • the conductor shielding layer and the insulating layer are both in a molten state when extruded, and the grooves are naturally formed by the reinforced tape in the form of prepreg, which can be selectively oriented by the guidance of the tape.
  • the conductor shield and insulating layer are grooved and preferably the majority of the groove depth is provided on the conductor shield, with only a shallow depth of indentation on the insulating layer.
  • the reinforcing fiber is a mixture of any one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and basalt fiber;
  • the resin is a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, and the electrical conductivity is insulating or semi-conducting.
  • the glass fibers and aramid fibers are insulating, the carbon fibers are conductive, and the resin can be insulating or semi-conducting.
  • a further preferred technical solution is that: an insulating shielding layer is further provided outside the insulating layer.
  • the reinforcing tape may also be arranged between the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer.
  • the insulating shielding layer is semiconducting, and when the reinforcing tape is located between the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer, it can still be an insulating reinforcing tape or a semiconducting reinforcing tape, When the reinforcing tape mainly forms grooves on the insulating layer, an insulating reinforcing tape is used to increase the structural strength of the wire, and when the reinforcing tape mainly forms grooves on the insulating shielding layer When the semi-conductive reinforcing tape is used, that is, the semi-conductive carbon fiber composite reinforcing tape.
  • a method for manufacturing a composite material-reinforced insulated wire which is characterized in that the following steps are included in sequence:
  • the reinforcing fibers enter and exit the resin, and then pass through the impregnation molding die to produce the reinforcing fibers in the form of prepregs online; the conductors pass through the first extruder head to obtain the conductors wrapped by the shielding layer;
  • the conductor wrapped by the shielding layer and the reinforcing fiber in the form of the prepreg pass through the second extruder head synchronously to obtain an insulated wire precursor wrapped at least by the insulating layer;
  • the insulated wire precursor is wound into a coil through a cooling water tank to obtain an insulated wire product including the reinforced tape, or an uncured semi-finished insulated wire;
  • the semi-finished product of the insulated wire is subjected to a cross-linking and curing operation in a steam room or a warm water pool to form the insulated wire product.
  • a further preferred technical solution is that the reinforcing fibers in the form of prepreg are cured and formed when the second extruder head is extruded, or cross-linked and solidified in the steam room or warm water pool.
  • cooling water tank is further provided with a traction device and a coiling device.
  • the reinforcing tapes distributed at uniform intervals are arranged between the shielding layer and the insulating layer, so that the insulating wire can achieve the effect of structural enhancement, and during production, the reinforcing tapes in the form of prepreg are synchronously entered into the extrusion package. between the shielding layer and the insulating layer, and complete the curing.
  • the invention has the advantages of large ratio of breaking force to self-weight of the insulated wire, high allowable bending limit, no increase in outer diameter, and relatively low cost, and furthermore, the risk of easy breakage is low, and expensive special connection and tension fittings are not required.
  • the manufacturing method of the insulated wire is simple, convenient, flexible and effective.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulated wire in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for making insulated wires in the present invention.
  • a composite material reinforced insulated wire specifically a 1-10kV carbon fiber composite material reinforced overhead insulated wire, includes a conductor 1 from the inside to the outside, a semiconductive conductor shielding layer 2, As well as the insulating layer 4 , it also includes reinforcing tapes 3 that are evenly spaced between the conductor shielding layer 2 and the insulating layer 4 .
  • the number and size of the reinforcing strips 3 are selected and determined according to the actual size of the conductor.
  • the reinforcing tape 3 includes reinforcing fibers, and an impregnating resin disposed on the reinforcing fibers and cured by heat for compounding the reinforcing fibers and increasing the toughness and strength of the wire.
  • the temperature resistance level of the resin is higher than that of the insulating layer 4 .
  • the opposite annular surfaces of the conductor shielding layer 2 have naturally formed grooves, and the inner side of the insulating layer 4 has slight indentations.
  • the reinforcing fibers are semi-conductive T700-12k carbon fibers; the impregnating resin is a fast-curing high-temperature epoxy resin.
  • An insulating shielding layer 5 may also be provided on the outer side of the insulating layer 4 , and the conductor shielding layer 2 , the insulating layer 4 and the insulating shielding layer 5 may be prepared by layered synchronous extrusion.
  • the conductor 1 is a stranded and compressed conductor of hard aluminum wire
  • the materials of the conductor shielding layer 2 , the insulating layer 4 and the insulating shielding layer 5 are the materials of overhead insulated wires commonly used in the prior art.
  • a manufacturing method of a composite material reinforced insulated wire comprising the following steps in sequence:
  • the reinforcing fiber enters and leaves the resin, and then passes through the impregnation molding die 6 to obtain the reinforcing fiber in the form of prepreg online; the conductor 1 passes through the first extruder head 7 to obtain the conductor 1 wrapped by the conductor shielding layer 2;
  • the conductor 1 wrapped by the conductor shielding layer 2 and the reinforcing fiber in the form of the prepreg pass through the second extruder head 8 synchronously to obtain the overhead insulated wire wrapped by the insulating shielding layer 5 and the insulating layer 4. body;
  • the insulated wire precursor is wound into a coil through the cooling water tank 9 to obtain an insulated wire product 10 including the reinforcing tape 3, or an uncured semi-finished insulated wire;
  • the semi-finished insulated wire is subjected to a cross-linking and curing operation in a steam room or a warm water pool to form the insulated wire product 10 .
  • the reinforcing fibers in the form of prepreg are solidified and formed when the second extruder head 8 is extruded, or are cross-linked and solidified in the steam room or warm water pool.
  • the cooling water tank 9 is also provided with a traction device 11 and a coiling device.
  • the method of impregnating the carbon fiber with epoxy resin is implemented according to the impregnation method commonly used in the prior art. If there is equipment, the insulating shielding layer 5 can be chosen not to be provided according to the level of the voltage level in the usage conditions.
  • the overhead insulated wire obtained in this embodiment has relatively large and sufficient balanced overall performance and relatively low cost after being inserted and fixed by the reinforcing tape 3 in a relatively outer circle, which is in line with value engineering The concept has great promotion value.
  • a composite material reinforced insulated wire specifically a 1-10kV carbon fiber composite material reinforced overhead insulated wire, including a conductor 1 from the inside to the outside, a semiconductive conductor shielding layer 2 , the insulating layer 4 , and the insulating shielding layer 5 , and also include reinforcing tapes 3 that are evenly spaced between the insulating layer 4 and the insulating shielding layer 5 .
  • the number and size of the reinforcing strips 3 are selected and determined according to the actual size of the conductor. Compared with Embodiment 1, the reinforcing strips 3 in this embodiment are due to larger, so you can set a larger number.
  • the reinforcing tape 3 includes reinforcing fibers, and an impregnating resin disposed on the reinforcing fibers and cured by heat for compounding the reinforcing fibers and increasing the toughness and strength of the wire.
  • the temperature resistance level of the resin is higher than that of the insulating layer 4 .
  • the opposite annular surfaces of the insulating shielding layer 5 have naturally formed grooves, and the inner side of the insulating layer 4 has slight indentations.
  • the reinforcing fibers are semi-conductive T700-12k carbon fibers; the impregnating resin is a fast-curing high-temperature epoxy resin.
  • the conductor shielding layer 2 , the insulating layer 4 and the insulating shielding layer 5 can be prepared by layered synchronous extrusion.
  • the conductor 1 is a stranded and compressed conductor of hard aluminum wire
  • the materials of the conductor shielding layer 2 , the insulating layer 4 and the insulating shielding layer 5 are the materials of overhead insulated wires commonly used in the prior art.
  • a manufacturing method of a composite material reinforced insulated wire comprising the following steps in sequence:
  • the reinforcing fiber enters and leaves the resin, and then passes through the impregnation molding die 6 to obtain the reinforcing fiber in the form of prepreg online; the conductor 1 passes through the first extruder head 7 to obtain the conductor 1 wrapped by the conductor shielding layer 2;
  • the insulated wire precursor is wound into a coil through the cooling water tank 9 to obtain an insulated wire product 10 including the reinforcing tape 3, or an uncured semi-finished insulated wire;
  • the semi-finished insulated wire is subjected to a cross-linking and curing operation in a steam room or a warm water pool to form the insulated wire product 10 .
  • the reinforcing fibers in the form of prepreg are solidified and formed when the second extruder head 8 is extruded, or are cross-linked and solidified in the steam room or warm water pool.
  • the cooling water tank 9 is also provided with a traction device 11 and a coiling device.
  • the method of impregnating the carbon fiber with epoxy resin is implemented according to the impregnation method commonly used in the prior art. There is equipment.
  • the overhead insulated wire obtained in this embodiment has relatively large and sufficient balanced overall performance, and relatively low cost after being inserted and fixed by the reinforcing tape 3 that is more outward than in Embodiment 1.
  • the cost of construction is in line with the concept of value engineering and has great promotion value.

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Abstract

本发明属于绝缘导线技术领域，尤其涉及一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法。本发明通过在导体屏蔽层和绝缘层之间设置均匀间隔分布的增强带材的方式，使得绝缘导线达到结构增强的效果，并且在制作时，将增强带材同步进入挤包的导体屏蔽层和绝缘层之间，并完成固化。本发明具有绝缘导线自身拉断力与自重比值大、允许弯曲极限高、外径不变大以及造价相对低廉的优点，进而易折损风险低、无需使用昂贵的专用接续和耐张金具，而且绝缘导线的制作方法简单方便、灵活有效。

Description

一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明属于绝缘导线技术领域，尤其涉及一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法。
 背景技术
绝缘导线，指的是用在中低压配电网的导线，现有技术中其结构自内向外主要包括导体、屏蔽层以及绝缘层，但是这种绝缘导线存在拉断力与自重比值小、弹性模量低的缺点，导致了配电线路的档距小、弧垂特性差、安全特性差等问题。
 技术问题
因此，目前已经出现导体中央加钢绞线的增强型绝缘导线，但是其在增大拉断力的同时，也大幅度增大了绝缘导线的外径和自重，因此，对提高配电线路的安全特性和弧垂特性的作用不大。
更进一步的，将上述钢绞线替换为棒状碳纤维复合芯棒，就可以达到较高的拉断力与自重比值，而且棒状碳纤维自身强度高、重量轻、线膨胀系数小以及耐高温，但存在整体造价贵、容易折损、绝缘导线的外径和重量增加，所以没能得到大范围的推广应用。
专利公告号为CN203456147U、CN202487246U、CN203260394U，公开的架空绝缘线结构均为：由内至外的复合材料加强芯、导体、内屏绝缘层、绝缘层和耐磨耐候外屏护套层；所述加强芯是由位于中心的树脂基碳纤维和包围碳纤维的增强复合材料制成的棒材。
但是该类实用新型专利中的架空绝缘线均存加强芯造价昂贵，且大幅增加绝缘线的外径及绝缘材料的重量，性价比较低而影响使用的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的是提供一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线及其制作方法，其能通过在屏蔽层和绝缘层之间设置均匀间隔分布的增强带材的方式，使得绝缘导线达到结构增强的效果，并且在制作时，将预浸料形态的增强带材同步进入挤包的屏蔽层和绝缘层之间，并完成固化。本发明具有绝缘导线自身拉断力与自重比值大、允许弯曲极限高、外径不变大以及造价相对低廉的优点，进而易折损风险低、无需使用昂贵的专用接续和耐张金具，而且绝缘导线的制作方法简单方便、灵活有效。
本发明解决上述问题采用的技术方案是：一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，包括从内到外的导体，屏蔽层，以及绝缘层，还包括均匀间隔地设置在所述导体屏蔽层和所述绝缘层之间的增强带材。
在本发明中，所述增强带材可以是半导电的，也可以是绝缘的，而较薄的半导电的所述增强带材，可以替换所述导体屏蔽层的部分空间，较薄的绝缘的所述增强带材可以替换所述绝缘层的部分空间，这两种方式都可以保证绝缘线的外径不增加、自重不增加。
此外，较薄的所述增强带材，取代较粗的中间芯体式的增强棒，因此具有强度高、弯曲特性好、基本不增加绝缘线的外径和自重优点，本发明中增强带材是以预浸料的形态被带入挤包过程中的所述导体屏蔽层和所述绝缘层之间，因此本发明就无需改变现有的导体和绝缘制造设备以及绝缘线的安装工艺。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述增强带材包括增强纤维，以及设置在所述增强纤维上的树脂。
在本发明中，所述树脂可以采用浸渍的方式与所述增强纤维结合形成预浸料形态的增强带材。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述树脂的耐温等级高于所述绝缘层。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述导体屏蔽层和/或所述绝缘层的相对环形面上设有用于设置所述增强带材的凹槽。
在本发明中，所述凹槽可以仅设置在所述屏蔽层外环面上，也可以仅设置在所述绝缘层内环面上，也可以在上述两个环形面上都设置部分，这样一是保证所述增强带材安装固定稳固，不易发生位置移动，二是保证不会增大绝缘导线的直径，保证与现有普通绝缘导线的使用环境、使用要求不变。
此外，所述导体屏蔽层是半导电的，其最薄点厚度不考核，采用较薄的半导电的所述增强带材替换了所述导体屏蔽层的空间，不会增加绝缘线的外径，而所述绝缘层的最薄点厚度要考核的，所以采用较薄的绝缘的所述增强带材，才可保证绝缘线的外径和自重不增加。
还有，所述导体屏蔽层以及绝缘层在挤出时都是熔融状态，所述凹槽是由预浸料形态的增强带材压迫自然形成的，可以通过带材的导向，选择性地对所述导体屏蔽层以及绝缘层进行凹槽形成操作，而且优选地在所述导体屏蔽层上设置大部分凹槽深度，而在所述绝缘层上仅仅具有较浅深度的压痕。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述增强纤维为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维以及玄武岩纤维中的任意一种或多种混合；所述树脂为热固性或热塑性树脂，导电性能为绝缘或半导电。
在本发明中，所述玻璃纤维和芳纶纤维是绝缘的，碳纤维是导电的，树脂可是绝缘的也可以是半导电的。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述绝缘层外侧还设有绝缘屏蔽层。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述增强带材还可以设置在所述绝缘层和所述绝缘屏蔽层之间。
在本发明中，所述绝缘屏蔽层是半导电的，当所述增强带材位于所述绝缘层和所述绝缘屏蔽层之间时，仍然可以为绝缘增强带材或半导电增强带材，当所述增强带材主要在所述绝缘层上形成凹槽时，采用绝缘增强带材，用于增大导线的结构强度，当所述增强带材主要在所述绝缘屏蔽层上形成凹槽时，采用半导电增强带材，即半导电的碳纤维复合的增强带材。
一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，其特征在于依次包括以下步骤：
S1、增强纤维进出树脂，再通过浸渍成型模具，在线制作得到预浸料形态的增强纤维；导体通过第一挤塑机机头，得到屏蔽层包裹的导体；
S2、所述屏蔽层包裹的导体与所述预浸料形态的增强纤维同步通过第二挤塑机机头，得到至少由绝缘层包裹的绝缘导线前体；
S3、所述绝缘导线前体通过冷却水槽，收卷成盘，得到包括所述增强带材在内的绝缘导线产品，或者未固化的绝缘导线半成品；
S4、所述绝缘导线半成品在蒸汽房或温水池中完成交联固化操作，形成所述绝缘导线产品。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述预浸料形态的增强纤维在所述第二挤塑机机头挤出时固化成型，或在所述蒸汽房或温水池中交联固化成型。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述冷却水槽后还设有牵引装置以及收卷成盘装置。
 有益效果
本发明通过在屏蔽层和绝缘层之间设置均匀间隔分布的增强带材的方式，使得绝缘导线达到结构增强的效果，并且在制作时，将将预浸料形态的增强带材同步进入挤包的屏蔽层和绝缘层之间，并完成固化。本发明具有绝缘导线自身拉断力与自重比值大、允许弯曲极限高、外径不变大以及造价相对低廉的优点，进而易折损风险低、无需使用昂贵的专用接续和耐张金具，而且绝缘导线的制作方法简单方便、灵活有效。
 附图说明
图1为本发明中绝缘导线的一种结构示意图。
图2为本发明中绝缘导线的一种制作方法流程图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明的范围进行限定。
实施例1
如附图1以及附图2所示，一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，具体为1-10kV碳纤维复合材料增强架空绝缘导线，包括从内到外的导体1，半导电的导体屏蔽层2，以及绝缘层4，还包括均匀间隔地设置在所述导体屏蔽层2和所述绝缘层4之间的增强带材3。
在本实施例中，所述增强带材3的数量和尺寸依据导体的实际规格大小进行选择确定。
所述增强带材3包括增强纤维，以及设置在所述增强纤维上并通过受热固化方式以用于复合所述增强纤维、增大导线韧性和强度的浸渍树脂。所述树脂的耐温等级高于所述绝缘层4。
所述导体屏蔽层2的相对环形面上有自然成型的凹槽，以及绝缘层4的内侧有轻微的压痕。所述增强纤维为半导电的T700-12k碳纤维；所述浸渍树脂为快速固化的耐高温环氧树脂。
所述绝缘层4外侧还可设有绝缘屏蔽层5，所述导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层4以及绝缘屏蔽层5可以通过分层同步挤包的方式制得。
在本实施例中，所述导体1为硬铝线绞合紧压导体，所述导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层4以及绝缘屏蔽层5的材质均为现有技术中常用的架空绝缘导线材质。
一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，依次包括以下步骤：
S1、增强纤维进出树脂，再通过浸渍成型模具6，在线制作得到预浸料形态的增强纤维；导体1通过第一挤塑机机头7，得到导体屏蔽层2包裹的导体1；
S2、所述导体屏蔽层2包裹的导体1与所述预浸料形态的增强纤维同步通过第二挤塑机机头8，得到所述绝缘屏蔽层5和绝缘层4包裹的架空绝缘导线前体；
S3、所述绝缘导线前体通过冷却水槽9，收卷成盘，得到包括所述增强带材3在内的绝缘导线产品10，或者未固化的绝缘导线半成品；
S4、所述绝缘导线半成品在蒸汽房或温水池中完成交联固化操作，形成所述绝缘导线产品10。
所述预浸料形态的增强纤维在所述第二挤塑机机头8挤出时固化成型，或在所述蒸汽房或温水池中交联固化成型。
所述冷却水槽9后还设有牵引装置11以及收卷成盘装置。
在本实施例中，所述碳纤维浸渍环氧树脂的方式，按照现有技术中常用的浸渍方法来实现，所述挤塑机、冷却水槽9、牵引装置11以及收卷成盘装置均为现有设备，所述绝缘屏蔽层5根据使用条件中电压等级的高低，可以选择不设置。
最后，本实施例所得到的架空绝缘导线，在经过相对外侧一圈的所述增强带材3插入固定后，具有相对较大且够用的均衡整体性能，以及相对低廉的造价，符合价值工程的理念，具有较大的推广价值。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例2
部分如附图1以及附图2所示，一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，具体为1-10kV碳纤维复合材料增强架空绝缘导线，包括从内到外的导体1，半导电的导体屏蔽层2，绝缘层4，以及绝缘屏蔽层5，还包括均匀间隔地设置在所述绝缘层4和所述绝缘屏蔽层5之间的增强带材3。
在本实施例中，所述增强带材3的数量和尺寸依据导体的实际规格大小进行选择确定，相较于实施例1，本实施例中的所述增强带材3由于安装位置处周长较大，所以可以设置更多的数量。
所述增强带材3包括增强纤维，以及设置在所述增强纤维上并通过受热固化方式以用于复合所述增强纤维、增大导线韧性和强度的浸渍树脂。所述树脂的耐温等级高于所述绝缘层4。
所述绝缘屏蔽层5的相对环形面上有自然成型的凹槽，以及绝缘层4的内侧有轻微的压痕。所述增强纤维为半导电的T700-12k碳纤维；所述浸渍树脂为快速固化的耐高温环氧树脂。
所述导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层4以及绝缘屏蔽层5可以通过分层同步挤包的方式制得。
在本实施例中，所述导体1为硬铝线绞合紧压导体，所述导体屏蔽层2、绝缘层4以及绝缘屏蔽层5的材质均为现有技术中常用的架空绝缘导线材质。
一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，依次包括以下步骤：
S1、增强纤维进出树脂，再通过浸渍成型模具6，在线制作得到预浸料形态的增强纤维；导体1通过第一挤塑机机头7，得到导体屏蔽层2包裹的导体1；
S2、所述导体屏蔽层2包裹的导体1与绝缘层4、所述预浸料形态的增强纤维同步通过第二挤塑机机头8，得到所述绝缘屏蔽层5以及绝缘层4包裹的架空绝缘导线前体；
S3、所述绝缘导线前体通过冷却水槽9，收卷成盘，得到包括所述增强带材3在内的绝缘导线产品10，或者未固化的绝缘导线半成品；
S4、所述绝缘导线半成品在蒸汽房或温水池中完成交联固化操作，形成所述绝缘导线产品10。
所述预浸料形态的增强纤维在所述第二挤塑机机头8挤出时固化成型，或在所述蒸汽房或温水池中交联固化成型。
所述冷却水槽9后还设有牵引装置11以及收卷成盘装置。
在本实施例中，所述碳纤维浸渍环氧树脂的方式，按照现有技术中常用的浸渍方法来实现，所述挤塑机、冷却水槽9、牵引装置11以及收卷成盘装置均为现有设备。
最后，本实施例所得到的架空绝缘导线，在经过较实施例1更加相对外侧一圈的所述增强带材3插入固定后，具有相对较大且够用的均衡整体性能，以及相对低廉的造价，符合价值工程的理念，具有较大的推广价值。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施方式，在所述技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下做出各种修改。这些都是不具有创造性的修改，只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，包括从内到外的导体（1），导体屏蔽层（2），以及绝缘层（4），其特征在于：还包括均匀间隔地设置在所述导体屏蔽层（2）和所述绝缘层（4）之间的增强带材（3）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述增强带材（3）包括增强纤维，以及设置在所述增强纤维上的树脂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述树脂的耐温等级高于所述绝缘层（4）。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述导体屏蔽层（2）和/或所述绝缘层（4）的相对环形面上设有用于设置所述增强带材（3）的凹槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述增强纤维为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维以及玄武岩纤维中的任意一种或多种混合；所述树脂为热固性或热塑性树脂，导电性能为绝缘或半导电。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述绝缘层（4）外侧还设有绝缘屏蔽层（5）。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线，其特征在于：所述增强带材（3）还可以设置在所述绝缘层（4）和所述绝缘屏蔽层（5）之间。
  8. 一种复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，其特征在于依次包括以下步骤：
    S1、增强纤维进出树脂，再通过浸渍成型模具（6），在线制作得到预浸料形态的增强纤维；导体（1）通过第一挤塑机机头（7），得到导体屏蔽层（2）包裹的导体（1）；
    S2、所述屏蔽层（2）包裹的导体（1）与所述预浸料形态的增强纤维同步通过第二挤塑机机头（8），得到至少由绝缘层（4）包裹的绝缘导线前体；
    S3、所述绝缘导线前体通过冷却水槽（9），收卷成盘，得到包括所述增强带材（3）在内的绝缘导线产品（10），或者未固化的绝缘导线半成品；
    S4、所述绝缘导线半成品在蒸汽房或温水池中完成交联固化操作，形成所述绝缘导线产品。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，其特征在于：所述预浸料形态的增强纤维在所述第二挤塑机机头（8）挤出时固化成型，或在所述蒸汽房或温水池中交联固化成型。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的复合材料增强的绝缘导线的制作方法，其特征在于：所述冷却水槽（9）后还设有牵引装置（11）以及收卷成盘装置。
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