WO2022045162A1 - 数値制御装置 - Google Patents
数値制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022045162A1 WO2022045162A1 PCT/JP2021/031074 JP2021031074W WO2022045162A1 WO 2022045162 A1 WO2022045162 A1 WO 2022045162A1 JP 2021031074 W JP2021031074 W JP 2021031074W WO 2022045162 A1 WO2022045162 A1 WO 2022045162A1
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- point
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- drilling
- control device
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
- G05B19/402—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for positioning, e.g. centring a tool relative to a hole in the workpiece, additional detection means to correct position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
- G05B19/4093—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part program, for the NC machine
- G05B19/40937—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part program, for the NC machine concerning programming of machining or material parameters, pocket machining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
- G05B19/416—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
- B23B2270/32—Use of electronics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
- G05B2219/36292—Method to drill, machine based on ratio bore depth, diameter, select tools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/41—Servomotor, servo controller till figures
- G05B2219/41109—Drilling rate, feed rate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a numerical control device.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Conventionally, in the drilling of a work, a machining method of repeating a fixed cycle has been used (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 in order to realize high-speed drilling, the path and speed of the relative movement of the tool with respect to the work are optimized to shorten the non-cutting time.
- Patent Document 1 the tool moves fast forward to the machining start point above the work surface and moves from the machining start point to the hole bottom by cutting feed. However, in order to further shorten the non-cutting time, the tool operation is performed. There is room for further optimization.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is a numerical control device for a machine tool, which is a storage unit for storing a machining program for drilling a hole in the work by relative movement of the tool and the work in the depth direction along the longitudinal axis of the tool. And a control unit that controls the relative movement of the tool and the work based on the machining program and moves the tool from the return point to the hole bottom point with respect to the work in the depth direction.
- the point is a position retracted in the depth direction from the work surface where drilling is started by the tool
- the machining program includes a command of a work height point which is a position in the depth direction of the work surface.
- the control unit is a numerical control device that moves the tool in the depth direction with respect to the work at a relative speed faster than the cutting feed speed from the return point to the work height point.
- the numerical control device 1 is a numerical control device of a machine tool 10 that processes a work 4 with a tool 2.
- the machine tool 10 includes a spindle 3 for holding the tool 2, a table 5 for holding the work 4, a spindle motor 6 for rotating the spindle 3, and a Z-axis feed motor for moving the spindle 3 in the Z direction with respect to the table 5.
- a spindle motor 6 for rotating the spindle 3
- a Z-axis feed motor for moving the spindle 3 in the Z direction with respect to the table 5.
- an X-axis feed motor 8 and a Y-axis feed motor 9 that move the table 5 in the X and Y directions with respect to the spindle 3
- a numerical control device 1 that controls the motors 6, 7, 8, and 9. , Equipped with.
- the Z direction is a direction along the longitudinal axis of the tool 2 held by the spindle 3.
- the X direction and the Y direction are directions orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the tool 2 held by the spindle 3, and are orthogonal to each other.
- the Z direction is the vertical direction
- the X direction and the Y direction are the horizontal directions.
- the spindle 3 is arranged in the vertical direction and is movably supported in the vertical direction by a support mechanism (not shown).
- the tool 2 is held coaxially with the spindle 3 at the lower end of the spindle 3, and rotates and moves integrally with the spindle 3.
- the tool 2 is a drill for drilling a hole 4a in the work 4 in the depth direction (Z direction).
- the tool 2 may be another type of tool for machining the work 4 in the depth direction, such as a milling cutter or an end mill.
- the table 5 is arranged horizontally below the spindle 3.
- the work 4 placed on the upper surface of the table 5 is fixed to the table 5 by a jig (not shown).
- the spindle motor 6 is a spindle motor connected to the upper end of the spindle 3, and rotates the spindle 3 around the longitudinal axis of the spindle 3.
- the feed motors 7, 8 and 9 are servo motors, respectively.
- the numerical control device 1 includes a storage unit 11 and a control unit 12.
- the storage unit 11 has, for example, a RAM, a ROM, and other storage devices, and stores a machining program 11a (see FIG. 2) for making a hole in the work 4 by the relative movement of the tool 2 and the work 4. .
- the control unit 12 has a processor such as a central processing unit.
- the control unit 12 controls the relative movement of the spindle 3 and the table 5 by controlling the feed motors 7, 8 and 9 based on the machining program 11a, thereby controlling the relative movement of the tool 2 and the work 4.
- the machining program 11a includes a fixed cycle program 11b for drilling.
- the fixed cycle program 11b is a program that causes the machine tool 10 to execute a fixed cycle including a positioning operation, a drilling operation, and a pulling operation a plurality of times.
- the dashed and solid arrows indicate the path of relative movement of the tool 2 with respect to the work 4.
- the horizontal direction is the XY direction and the vertical direction is the Z direction.
- the machining program 11a includes a command for designating a W point (work height point), an R point (return point), and a Z point (hole bottom point).
- the W point is the position of the work surface 4b in the Z direction.
- the work surface 4b is the surface of the work 4 from which the tool 2 starts drilling (cutting) the work 4, and is the upper surface of the work 4 in the present embodiment.
- the R point is a position in the Z direction retracted from the work surface 4b in the Z direction, and is, for example, a position separated from the work surface 4b by 1 mm to 5 mm.
- the Z point is the position of the bottom of the hole 4a in the Z direction, and is located on the side opposite to the R point with respect to the work surface 4b.
- the positioning operation is an operation in which the work 4 is moved in the XY direction with respect to the tool 2 by moving the table 5 in the XY direction, and the drilling position of the work 4 is positioned in the XY direction with respect to the tool 2.
- the paths a and b are the paths of the tool 2 in the positioning operation.
- the drilling operation is an operation in which the tip 2a of the tool 2 is moved in the Z direction from the R point to the Z point by lowering the spindle 3, and a hole is drilled at the drilling position of the work 4.
- the paths b and c are the paths of the tool 2 in the drilling operation.
- the pulling operation is an operation in which the tip 2a of the tool 2 is moved in the Z direction from the Z point to the R point by raising the spindle 3, and the tool 2 is pulled out from the hole 4a.
- the paths d and e are the paths of the tool 2 in the positioning operation.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a fixed cycle program 11b that repeats a fixed cycle three times.
- "G81” is a code for instructing a fixed cycle for drilling
- "G99” is a code for instructing R point return
- "G80” is a code for instructing cancellation of the fixed cycle.
- "X0 Y0” is a positioning command in the X and Y directions of the drilling position, "Z-10.” Is a Z point command, "R5.” Is an R point command, "W1.” Is a W point command
- ""F1000" is a command of the cutting feed rate.
- the commands Y, Z, R, W, and F whose command values are the same as those in the first line are omitted.
- the control unit 12 controls the movement of the spindle 3 and the tool 2 in the Z direction by controlling the feed motor 7, and controls the movement of the table 5 and the work 4 in the XY direction by controlling the feed motors 8 and 9. .
- the control unit 12 controls the feed motors 7, 8 and 9 while rotating the spindle 3 and the tool 2 by the spindle motor 6 to cause the machine tool 10 to perform a positioning operation, a drilling operation and a pulling operation.
- the control unit 12 starts the drilling operation before the end of the positioning operation, so that the movement of the work 4 in the positioning operation in the XY direction and the movement of the tool 2 in the drilling operation in the Z direction overlap in time.
- the tip 2a of the tool 2 moves along the first curved path b from the R point to the W point.
- the control unit 12 starts the positioning operation of the next fixed cycle before the end of the extraction operation, so that the tool 2 in the extraction operation rises in the Z direction and the work 4 in the positioning operation moves in the XY direction in time. Overlap.
- the tip 2a of the tool 2 moves along the second curved path e from the point W to the point R.
- the control unit 12 moves the work 4 at a fast-forward speed in the positioning operation, and moves the tool 2 at a fast-forward speed in the pull-out operation. Further, in the drilling operation, the control unit 12 moves the tool 2 from the R point to the W point at a fast feed speed, and then moves the tool 2 from the W point to the Z point at a cutting feed speed.
- the fast-forward speed is the maximum speed of each of the feed motors 7, 8 and 9.
- the cutting feed rate is slower than the fast-forward speed, and is a speed suitable for drilling the work 4 with the tool 2.
- FIG. 3 the paths a, b, d, and e in which the tool 2 moves with respect to the work 4 at a fast feed rate are shown by broken lines, and the path c in which the tool 2 moves with respect to the work 4 at a cutting feed rate is a solid line. It is shown.
- the position of the linear path d is deviated from the position of the linear path c in the XY directions, but in reality, the two linear paths c and d overlap each other.
- the control unit 12 causes the machine tool 10 to execute the first fixed cycle. That is, the control unit 12 starts the positioning operation on the table 5 by controlling the feed motors 8 and 9, and positions the first drilling position of the work 4 with respect to the tool 2.
- the control unit 12 starts a drilling operation on the spindle 3 by controlling the feed motor 7, and drills a hole in the first drilling position by the tool 2.
- the control unit 12 moves the tip 2a of the tool 2 along the curved path b by starting the drilling operation before the end of the positioning operation.
- the control unit 12 moves the tool 2 from the R point to the W point at a fast-forward speed, and moves the tool 2 from the W point to the Z point at a cutting feed speed.
- the control unit 12 controls the feed motor 7 to start the pulling operation on the spindle 3 and pulls out the tool 2 from the hole 4a.
- the control unit 12 causes the machine tool 10 to execute the second fixing cycle. That is, the control unit 12 starts the positioning operation on the table 5 and positions the second drilling position of the work 4 with respect to the tool 2.
- the control unit 12 moves the tip 2a of the tool 2 along the curved path e by starting the positioning operation of the second fixed cycle before the end of the pulling operation of the first fixed cycle.
- the control unit 12 executes the drilling operation and the pulling operation of the second fixing cycle in the same manner as the first fixing cycle, and further executes the third fixing cycle.
- the movement of the tool 2 in the Z direction and the movement of the work 4 in the XY direction are performed during the period in which the tip 2a of the tool 2 moves in the Z direction from the R point to the W point. Overlapping in time, the tool 2 moves along the curved path b. Further, during the period in which the tip 2a of the tool 2 moves in the Z direction from the W point to the R point, the movement of the tool 2 in the Z direction and the movement of the work 4 in the XY direction overlap in time, and the tool 2 Moves along the curved path e. As a result, the non-cutting time during which the tool 2 does not cut the work 4 is compared with the case where the drilling operation is started after all the positioning operations are completed and the next positioning operation is started after all the drawing operations are completed. It will be shortened.
- the fixed cycle program 11b is different from the conventional fixed cycle program for drilling in that it includes a command at point W.
- the tip 2a of the tool 2 is moved from the R point to the Z point at the cutting feed rate.
- the speed from the R point to the W point can be controlled to a speed other than the cutting feed speed, and the tool 2 can be fast-forwarded from the R point to the W point. Can be moved. As a result, the non-cutting time can be further shortened.
- the tool 2 is moved from the R point to the W point at a fast-forward speed, but the moving speed of the tool 2 from the R point to the W point in the Z direction is faster than the cutting feed speed and higher than the fast-forward speed. May be slow at any speed. Further, the moving speed of the tool 2 from the R point to the W point may be changeable between the cutting feed speed and the fast feed speed.
- an argument L may be added to the fixed cycle program 11b to specify the speed ratio of the cutting feed rate FC and the fast forward speed FR .
- L is a value in the range of 0% to 100%.
- the tool 2 is moved from the R point to the W point at a fast-forwarding speed, but the moving speed of the tool 2 from the R point to the W point in the Z direction depends on the position of the tip 2a of the tool 2. It may be changed stepwise from to cutting feed.
- the moving speed F of the tool 2 in the Z direction is defined by the following equation from the cutting feed speed FC and the fast feed speed FR .
- F (FC x
- the tool 2 is moved from the R point to the W point at a fast forward speed, but the Z direction movement speed of the tool 2 from the R point to the W point is arbitrary between the R point and the W point. You may change from fast feed to cutting feed at the position of.
- the fast feed speed may be changed to the cutting feed speed at an intermediate position between the R point and the W point according to the responsiveness of the machine control.
- the tip 2a is not accurately positioned at the time of reaching the W point, the movement speed in the Z direction is cut from the fast forward speed at a position higher than the W point.
- the arrival timing can be changed, non-cutting time can be shortened, and accurate positioning can be achieved.
- the control unit 12 controls the feed motors 7, 8 and 9 so that the tool 2 moves along the curved paths b and e between the R point and the W point.
- the feed motors 7, 8 and 9 may be controlled so that the tool 2 follows only the straight path. That is, the control unit 12 may start the drilling operation after the positioning operation is completed, and may start the positioning operation of the next fixed cycle after the extraction operation is completed. Even in such control, the non-cutting time can be shortened by setting the moving speed of the tool 2 from the R point to the W point in the Z direction to be faster than the cutting feed speed.
- the W point is included in the fixed cycle program 11b, but the W point may be defined by a parameter in the form of a data table to be stored in the storage memory. Further, the W point may be a predetermined fixed value.
- the storage unit 11 of the numerical control device 1 may store the W point as 1.0 mm in advance, and the W point may be called when the fixed cycle program 11b is instructed. Further, the W point may be a fixed value set at a position closer to the work 4 by -4.0 mm than the R point when the fixed cycle program 11b is instructed. In drilling, the R point is often set at a position separated from the upper surface of the work 4 by 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm in order to shorten the non-cutting time. Therefore, by setting the W point to a position closer to the work 4 by -4.0 mm than the R point, the non-cutting time can be shortened without the command of the W point.
- each hole 4a is drilled by non-step processing, but instead, each hole 4a may be drilled by step processing.
- the step machining is a method in which the tool 2 is reciprocated a plurality of times in the Z direction, the distance from the W point to the Z point is divided into a plurality of times, and a predetermined amount is cut.
- the tool 2 returns to the R point every time the work 4 is cut.
- the tool 2 is returned not to the R point but to the W point or to an arbitrary height between the R point and the W point, and is any height from the W point or between the R point and the W point.
- the next descent of the tool 2 may be started from. As a result, the time required for processing one hole 4a can be shortened.
- the drilling process of the fixed cycle has been described, but the present disclosure may be applied to the drilling process that does not use the fixed cycle. That is, a W point command is added to the machining program for arbitrary drilling, and in the drilling operation in any drilling, the tool and workpiece are moved in the depth direction from the R point to the W point at a speed faster than the cutting feed speed. It may be moved relative to each other.
- the tool 2 is movable in the Z direction and the work 4 is movable in the XY direction, but the relative movement of the tool 2 and the work 4 is one of the tool 2 and the work 4. Or it may be achieved by both movements.
- the spindle 3 may be movable in the XY direction
- the table 5 may be movable in the Z direction.
- one of the spindle 3 and the table 5 may be movable in the three directions of X, Y, and Z.
- the moving direction of the tool 2 is the vertical direction and the moving direction of the work 4 is the horizontal direction, but the moving directions of the tool 2 and the work 4 depend on the specifications of the machine tool. It can be changed as appropriate.
- the moving direction of the tool 2 may be the horizontal direction
- the moving direction of the work 4 may be the vertical direction.
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Abstract
Description
図1に示されるように、数値制御装置1は、工具2によってワーク4を加工する工作機械10の数値制御装置である。
工作機械10は、工具2を保持する主軸3と、ワーク4を保持するテーブル5と、主軸3を回転させる主軸モータ6と、主軸3をテーブル5に対してZ方向に移動させるZ軸送りモータ7と、テーブル5を主軸3に対してX方向およびY方向にそれぞれに移動させるX軸送りモータ8およびY軸送りモータ9と、モータ6,7,8,9を制御する数値制御装置1と、を備える。
主軸3は、鉛直方向に配置され、図示しない支持機構によって鉛直方向に移動可能に支持されている。工具2は、主軸3の下端部に主軸3と同軸に保持され、主軸3と一体的に回転し移動する。工具2は、ワーク4に深さ方向(Z方向)に穴4aを開けるドリルである。工具2は、ワーク4を深さ方向に加工する他の種類の工具、例えば、フライスまたはエンドミル等であってもよい。
主軸モータ6は、主軸3の上端に接続されたスピンドルモータであり、主軸3の長手軸回りに主軸3を回転させる。
送りモータ7,8,9は、それぞれサーボモータである。
記憶部11は、例えば、RAM、ROMおよびその他の記憶装置を有し、工具2およびワーク4の相対移動によってワーク4に穴をあけるための加工プログラム11a(図2参照。)を記憶している。
制御部12は、中央演算処理装置のようなプロセッサを有する。制御部12は、加工プログラム11aに基づいて送りモータ7,8,9を制御することによって主軸3およびテーブル5の相対移動を制御し、それにより工具2およびワーク4の相対移動を制御する。
穴あけ動作は、主軸3の下降によって工具2の先端2aをR点からZ点までZ方向に移動させ、ワーク4の穴あけ位置に穴をあける動作である。経路b,cが、穴あけ動作における工具2の経路である。
引き抜き動作は、主軸3の上昇によって工具2の先端2aをZ点からR点までZ方向に移動させ、工具2を穴4aから引き抜く動作である。経路d,eが、位置決め動作における工具2の経路である。
「G81」は、穴あけ用の固定サイクルを命令するコードであり、「G99」は、R点復帰を命令するコードであり、「G80」は、固定サイクルのキャンセルを命令するコードである。「X0 Y0」は穴あけ位置のX方向およびY方向の位置決め指令、「Z-10.」はZ点の指令、「R5.」はR点の指令、「W1.」はW点の指令、「F1000」は切削送り速度の指令である。すなわち、R点はZ=5mmに設定され、Z点はZ=-10mmに設定され、W点はZ=1mmに設定されている。2行目および3行目において、指令値が1行目と同一である指令Y,Z,R,W,Fは省略されている。
制御部12は、主軸モータ6によって主軸3および工具2を回転させながら送りモータ7,8,9を制御することによって、位置決め動作、穴あけ動作および引き抜き動作を工作機械10に実行させる。
また、制御部12は、引き抜き動作の終了前に次の固定サイクルの位置決め動作を開始することによって、引き抜き動作の工具2のZ方向の上昇と位置決め動作のワーク4のXY方向の移動とを時間的にオーバラップさせる。これにより、工具2の先端2aは、W点からR点までの間において第2曲線経路eに沿って移動する。
早送り速度は、各送りモータ7,8,9の最高速度である。切削送り速度は、早送り速度よりも遅く、工具2によるワーク4の穴あけ加工に適した速度である。
固定サイクルプログラム11bを開始すると、制御部12は、1回目の固定サイクルを工作機械10に実行させる。すなわち、制御部12は、送りモータ8,9を制御することによってテーブル5に位置決め動作を開始させ、ワーク4の1つ目の穴あけ位置を工具2に対して位置決めする。
穴あけ動作の終了後、制御部12は、送りモータ7を制御することによって主軸3に引き抜き動作を開始させ、穴4aから工具2を引き抜く。
以下、制御部12は、1回目の固定サイクルと同様に2回目の固定サイクルの穴あけ動作および引き抜き動作を実行させ、さらに、3回目の固定サイクルを実行させる。
F=FC×(1-(L/100))+FR×L/100
作業者は、Lの値を設定することによって、速度Fを切削送り速度と早送り速度との間の任意の速度に指定することができる。
F=(FC×|R-Zn|+FR×|Zn―W|)/|R-W|
先端2aの位置が変化することで、速度Fを早送り速度から切削送り速度へ段階的に変化させることができる。
このような制御においても、R点からW点までの工具2のZ方向の移動速度を、切削送り速度よりも速い速度にすることによって、非切削時間を短縮することができる。
また、W点は、固定サイクルプログラム11bが指令されたときにR点よりも-4.0mmだけワーク4に近い位置に設定される固定値であってもよい。穴あけ加工では、非切削時間短縮のためR点はワーク4の上面から0.5mm~1.0mmだけ離間した位置に設定されることが多い。そのため、W点をR点よりも-4.0mmだけワーク4に近い位置とすることで、W点の指令無しで非切削時間短縮が可能となる。
従来のステップ加工において、工具2は、ワーク4を切削する毎にR点まで戻る。本実施形態において、工具2を、R点ではなく、W点までまたはR点とW点との間の任意の高さまで戻し、W点からまたはR点とW点との間の任意の高さから工具2の次の下降を開始してもよい。これにより、1つの穴4aの加工に要する時間を短縮することができる。
また、本実施形態において、工具2の移動方向が鉛直方向であり、ワーク4の移動方向が水平方向であることとしたが、工具2およびワーク4の移動方向は、工作機械の仕様に応じて適宜変更可能である。例えば、主軸3が水平に配置される工作機械の場合、工具2の移動方向が水平方向であり、ワーク4の移動方向が鉛直方向であってもよい。
2 工具
4 ワーク
4a 穴
4b ワーク面
10 工作機械
11 記憶部
11a 加工プログラム
11b 固定サイクルプログラム
12 制御部
Claims (7)
- 工作機械の数値制御装置であって、
工具およびワークの前記工具の長手軸に沿う深さ方向の相対移動によって前記ワークに穴をあけるための加工プログラムを記憶する記憶部と、
前記加工プログラムに基づいて前記工具および前記ワークの相対移動を制御し、前記工具を前記ワークに対して復帰点から穴底点まで前記深さ方向に移動させる制御部とを備え、
前記復帰点は、前記工具によって穴あけが開始されるワーク面から前記深さ方向に退避した位置であり、
前記加工プログラムが、前記ワーク面の前記深さ方向の位置であるワーク高さ点の指令を含み、
前記制御部が、前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点まで切削送り速度よりも速い相対速度で前記ワークに対して前記工具を前記深さ方向に移動させる、数値制御装置。 - 前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点までの前記相対速度が、早送り速度である請求項1に記載の数値制御装置。
- 前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点までの前記相対速度が、前記切削送り速度と早送り速度との間で変更可能である請求項1に記載の数値制御装置。
- 前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点までの前記相対速度が、前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点までの間で変更可能である請求項1に記載の数値制御装置。
- 前記ワーク高さ点は前記数値制御装置に記憶された数値である請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の数値制御装置。
- 前記加工プログラムが、位置決め動作、穴あけ動作および引き抜き動作を含む固定サイクルを前記工作機械に複数回実行させ、
前記位置決め動作が、前記工具および前記ワークの前記深さ方向に交差する方向の相対移動によって前記ワークの穴あけ位置を前記工具に対して位置決めする動作であり、
前記穴あけ動作が、前記工具の前記復帰点から前記穴底点までの前記深さ方向の移動によって前記穴あけ位置に穴をあける動作であり、
前記引き抜き動作が、前記穴底点から前記復帰点までの前記工具の前記深さ方向の移動によって前記穴から前記工具を引き抜く動作であり、
前記制御部が、
前記位置決め動作の終了前に前記穴あけ動作を開始することによって、前記復帰点から前記ワーク高さ点までの間において前記工具を第1曲線経路に沿って相対移動させ、
前記引き抜き動作の終了前に次の固定サイクルの前記位置決め動作を開始することによって、前記ワーク高さ点から前記復帰点までの間において前記工具を第2曲線経路に沿って相対移動させる、請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載の数値制御装置。 - 前記制御部が、前記深さ方向に前記工具を複数回往復させ所定量ずつ前記穴底点まで穴をあけるステップ加工において、前記ワーク高さ点までまたは前記復帰点と前記ワーク高さ点との間の高さまで前記工具を退避させる、請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載の数値制御装置。
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| CN202180051912.XA CN116113513B (zh) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-25 | 数值控制装置 |
| DE112021003159.7T DE112021003159T5 (de) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-25 | Zahlenwertsteuerung |
| JP2022545651A JP7538233B2 (ja) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-25 | 数値制御装置 |
| US18/007,180 US12422815B2 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2021-08-25 | Numerical value controller |
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| JPWO2022045162A1 (ja) | 2022-03-03 |
| CN116113513A (zh) | 2023-05-12 |
| US20230236566A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
| US12422815B2 (en) | 2025-09-23 |
| JP7538233B2 (ja) | 2024-08-21 |
| CN116113513B (zh) | 2025-01-24 |
| DE112021003159T5 (de) | 2023-04-20 |
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