WO2022033398A1 - 动力鼠洞装置 - Google Patents

动力鼠洞装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022033398A1
WO2022033398A1 PCT/CN2021/111131 CN2021111131W WO2022033398A1 WO 2022033398 A1 WO2022033398 A1 WO 2022033398A1 CN 2021111131 W CN2021111131 W CN 2021111131W WO 2022033398 A1 WO2022033398 A1 WO 2022033398A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
centering
lifting
driving
guide mechanism
transmission rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/111131
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐爱民
吕岩
陈崇
Original Assignee
四川宏华石油设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 filed Critical 四川宏华石油设备有限公司
Publication of WO2022033398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022033398A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/14—Racks, ramps, troughs or bins, for holding the lengths of rod singly or connected; Handling between storage place and borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/14—Racks, ramps, troughs or bins, for holding the lengths of rod singly or connected; Handling between storage place and borehole
    • E21B19/15—Racking of rods in horizontal position; Handling between horizontal and vertical position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power mouse-hole device, which belongs to the technical field of oil drilling equipment application.
  • the power rat hole is an automatic pipe processing equipment on the oil drilling rig, and cooperates with other equipment to complete the off-line root connection or off-line root unloading operation, so as to realize the transportation, discharge and storage of the drill pipe between the drill floor and the ground.
  • the main body of the existing power rat hole is a cylindrical pipe, and the drill pipe can only move in and out of the rat hole by means of up and down displacement, so that when the power rat hole is connected offline, the drill pipe on the ground is generally transported to the drilling floor.
  • There is a derrick base under the drilling floor and then the drill pipe is placed in the rat hole by the equipment, and then the drill pipe is connected in the mouse hole.
  • the stand root box of the drill stand is first placed in the rat hole, then the stand is split, and then the equipment is used to remove the stand.
  • the drill pipe is taken out of the rat hole and transported to the drill floor, and then to the surface.
  • the drill pipe can only move in and out of the mouse hole by means of up and down displacement, so that the storage process of the drill pipe between the drill floor and the ground requires the cooperation of multiple equipments.
  • This processing method will not only reduce the automatic processing efficiency of the drill pipe and affect the cycle, but also increase the risk of the safe operation of the system due to the coordinated operation of multiple equipment.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a powered rat hole device in view of the problem in the prior art that the drill pipe can only move in and out of the rat hole by means of up and down displacement when the off-line stand-up or off-line stand-off is performed through the powered rat hole.
  • the power rat hole device includes a first guide mechanism and a second guide mechanism; the first guide mechanism is used to be installed on a drill floor with a first U-shaped opening, a centering and centering device is installed on the first guide mechanism, and the centering device is installed on the first guide mechanism.
  • the centering device is slidably matched with the first guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism is located below the first guide mechanism, and the second guide mechanism is used to be installed on the derrick base, and a lift mechanism is installed on the second guide mechanism, and the lift mechanism
  • the utility model is located just below the righting and centering device, and the lifting mechanism is slidingly matched with the second guiding mechanism, and the lifting mechanism and the centering and centering device move synchronously.
  • the structure of the power rat hole device provided by the present invention is different from the conventional cylindrical rat hole structure.
  • the centering and centering device is installed on the first guide mechanism, and the centering and centering device is slidingly matched with the first guide mechanism.
  • a U-shaped opening is opened on the drilling floor surface of the drilling floor, and the first guiding mechanism is installed in the first U-shaped opening of the drilling floor surface, so that the centering device can move in the U-shaped opening of the drilling floor surface; It includes a second guiding mechanism, a lifting mechanism is installed on the second guiding mechanism, and the lifting mechanism and the centering device move synchronously, and the second guiding mechanism is located below the first guiding mechanism, so that when the centering device is on the drill floor When moving in the first U-shaped opening, the relative position between the lifting mechanism and the centering device can be ensured; when the turning manipulator adjusts the drill pipe to a vertical state and sends the drill pipe to the edge of the drill floor, the centering The centering device can ensure the positional accuracy of the drill pipe in the present invention, the drill pipe can be lifted by the lifting mechanism, and the centering and centering device and the lifting mechanism can move synchronously in the first U-shaped opening of the drill floor, so as to The drill pipe can be moved in the horizontal direction on the
  • the centering device of the present invention can be stably moved on the first guide mechanism, and the lifting mechanism of the present invention can be stably moved on the second guide mechanism.
  • the first guide mechanism includes a guide rail, and the guide rail is fixed on the straight side of the first U-shaped opening;
  • the first driving mechanism includes a driving device and a pulley, the pulley is fixed on the output end of the driving device, and the driving device is fixed on the centering opposite.
  • the pulley is installed on the guide rail.
  • the first guiding mechanism includes a sliding rail, and the sliding rail is fixed on the straight side of the first U-shaped opening;
  • the first driving mechanism includes a driving member, a rack and a gear, the rack is fixed on the sliding rail, and the rack is
  • the arrangement direction of the slide rail is set along the arrangement direction of the slide rail, the gear is fixed on the output end of the driving part, and the driving device is fixed on the centering and centering device, and the gear and the rack are meshed with each other.
  • the centering and centering device includes a mounting seat, a protection clamp and a centering mechanism; the mounting seat is provided with a second U-shaped opening, and the two straight sides of the second U-shaped opening are arranged in parallel with the first guiding mechanism, and the protection clamp is provided. And the centering mechanism is installed in the mounting seat.
  • the centering mechanism includes a drive assembly, a fixed plate and a bottom plate, the number of the fixed plates is 2, which are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the bottom plate, and through holes are respectively opened on the two fixed plates;
  • the through holes of the plate are all provided with a transmission arm, a rocker arm, a rocker arm clamping plate and a transmission rod, and one end of the transmission arm is hinged with one end of the rocker arm after passing through the through hole, and the other end of the transmission arm is hinged with one end of the transmission rod.
  • the other end of the rocker arm is fixedly connected with the rocker arm clipboard, the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with one end of the drive assembly, the other end of the drive assembly is fixed on the bottom plate, and the drive assembly is arranged between the through holes of the two fixing plates
  • the middle position between the two rocker arm clips is provided with a gap on the opposite sides of the two rocker arm clips, and when the centering mechanism is closed under the action of the drive assembly, the gaps on the two rocker arm clipboards form a diamond-shaped structure, and the diamond-shaped structure
  • the center of the drill pipe is located on the symmetry line of the U-shaped opening of the mounting seat, and the predetermined centering and centralizing area of the drill pipe is formed between the gaps on the two rocker arm clamping plates. It is a preferred embodiment of the centering mechanism of the present invention.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a pipe support, a lifting base, a lifting device and a lifting driving device; first fasteners are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the lifting base, and the first fasteners on both sides are respectively fixed.
  • a first chute is respectively opened, and the first chute on both sides is arranged oppositely;
  • the lifting device includes two lifting assemblies arranged oppositely, the lifting assemblies are connected above the first firmware, and each lifting assembly includes at least one A transmission rod, each transmission rod includes 2 connecting rods, and the central position of the length of one rod is hinged with the central position of the length of the other rod; the transmission rod at the bottom of the lifting assembly
  • One end of one of the connecting rods is hinged with the first fastener, and one end of the other connecting rod is slidably connected with the first chute through the first rotating shaft;
  • the pipe support is installed on the uppermost transmission rod of the lifting assembly , a second fixture is respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the pipe support, the second fixture is located directly above the first fixture, and a second chute is respectively opened
  • the pipe support includes a support plate group, the upper end of the support plate group is provided with a positioning groove.
  • the above structure helps the lower end of the drill pipe to obtain a more accurate position in the lifting mechanism.
  • the supporting plate group includes a plurality of supporting plates arranged at intervals, the plane where each supporting plate is located is vertically arranged, and the upper ends of all supporting plates are formed with conical grooves.
  • the present invention can make the drill pipe move in the horizontal direction on the drilling floor, so as to solve the problem that the drill pipe can only enter and exit the rat hole by means of up and down displacement.
  • the present invention can reduce the one-time moving operation on the drill floor during the storage process of the drill pipe between the drill floor and the ground, and can reduce the number of equipment that needs to be matched during the storage process, thereby reducing the operation risk.
  • the present invention can improve the automatic processing efficiency of the drill pipe, shorten the operation period, and reduce the risk of the safe operation of the system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the present invention, the drilling floor and the derrick base.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first guiding mechanism and the centering and centering device.
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second guiding mechanism and the lifting mechanism.
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the protective forceps and the centering mechanism.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the centering mechanism in a closed state.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the centering mechanism in an open state.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting mechanism.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centering device and the lifting mechanism moving to the edge of the drilling floor.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of A in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of B in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention and the turning manipulator completing the handover of the drill pipe.
  • FIG. 15 is an enlarged schematic view of C in FIG. 14 .
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged schematic view of D in FIG. 14 .
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention after lifting the drill pipe.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the turning manipulator returning to a horizontal state after the handover of the drill pipe is completed.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centering device and the lifting mechanism moving to the vicinity of the wellbore.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention for completing the transportation of drill pipes from the power mouse hole to the drill floor.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting mechanism retracted to a low position.
  • the present invention includes a first guiding mechanism 3 and a second guiding mechanism 4; the first guiding mechanism 3 is used to be installed on the drill floor 1 having a first U-shaped opening, and the first guiding mechanism
  • the centering and centering device 5 is installed on the 3, and the centering and centering device 5 is slidably matched with the first guide mechanism 3;
  • the second guide mechanism 4 is located under the first guide mechanism 3, and the second guide mechanism 4 is used to install on the derrick base 2,
  • a lift mechanism 6 is installed on the second guide mechanism 4, the lift mechanism 6 is located directly below the centering and centering device 5, and the lift mechanism 6 is slidingly matched with the second guide mechanism 4, and the lift mechanism 6 and
  • the righting and centering device 5 moves synchronously.
  • the structure of the power rat hole device provided by the present invention is different from the conventional cylindrical rat hole structure.
  • the centering and centering device 5 is installed on the first guide mechanism 3, and the centering and centering device 5 is connected to the first guide mechanism 3. Sliding fit, the first U-shaped opening is opened on the drilling floor surface of the drilling floor 1, and the first guiding mechanism 3 is installed in the first U-shaped opening of the drilling floor surface, so that the centering and centering device 5 can be driven by the first driving mechanism.
  • the present invention also includes a second guide mechanism 4, a lift mechanism 6 is installed on the second guide mechanism 4, and the lift mechanism 6 moves synchronously with the centering and centering device 5, the first
  • the second guide mechanism 4 is located below the first guide mechanism 3, so that when the centering and centering device 5 moves in the first U-shaped opening of the drill floor 1, the relative relationship between the lifting mechanism 6 and the centering and centering device 5 can be ensured.
  • the overturning manipulator 8 adjusts the drill rod 9 to a vertical state and sends the drill rod 9 to the edge of the drill floor, the positional accuracy of the drill rod 9 in the present invention can be guaranteed by the centering and centering device 5, and the lifting mechanism 6
  • the drill rod 9 can be lifted, and then the first drive mechanism can be used to drive the centering and centering device 5 to move on the first guide mechanism 3, and the centering and centering device 5 and the lifting mechanism 6 can be moved on the first U of the drill floor 1.
  • the invention can lift the drill pipe 9, ensure the positional accuracy of the drill pipe 9, and make the drill pipe 9 travel back and forth near the wellbore and the edge of the drill floor, so as to realize the ground and the drill floor. Pipes and tools between them; through the present invention, during the storage process of the drill pipe 9 between the drill floor and the ground, one transfer operation on the drill floor 1 can be reduced, and the equipment that needs to be matched during the storage process can be reduced.
  • the quantity of the drill pipe 9 can be improved, the operation cycle can be shortened, and the risk of system operation can be reduced.
  • the present invention in order to enable the centering and centering device 5 of the present invention to move stably on the first guide mechanism 3, and to enable the lift mechanism 6 of the present invention to move stably on the second guide mechanism 4,
  • the present invention also includes a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism is used for driving the centering device 5 to move on the first guiding mechanism 3, and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the lifting mechanism 6 on the second guiding mechanism Mechanism 4 moves on.
  • the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism of the present invention can be electrically connected to the drilling rig control system, respectively.
  • the specific structure of the first driving mechanism and the specific structure of the first guiding mechanism 3 are not limited.
  • the first guide mechanism 3 includes a guide rail, and the guide rail is fixed on the straight edge of the first U-shaped opening on the drill floor 1;
  • the first drive mechanism includes a drive device and a pulley, and the pulley is fixed at the output end of the drive device, and
  • the drive device is fixed on the centering and centering device 5, and the pulley is installed on the guide rail; thus, the drive device drives the pulley to rotate on the guide rail, so that the centering and centering device 5 can move on the guide rail.
  • the driving device can be selected as a servo motor or a hydraulic motor or the like.
  • the specific number of guide rails in the first guide mechanism 3 is not limited.
  • the first guide mechanism 3 can be provided with two guide rails, so that the two guide rails are arranged in parallel, and the two guide rails are respectively fixed on the first U-shaped guide rail.
  • the number of pulleys can be selected as 2, and each guide rail is installed with pulleys, so as to further improve the stability of the centering device 5 when it moves on the first guide mechanism 3; of course , the number of guide rails in the first guide mechanism 3 may also be one or three.
  • the specific structure of the first driving mechanism and the specific structure of the first guiding mechanism 3 may also adopt the following preferred mode: the first guiding mechanism 3 includes a sliding rail, and the sliding rail is fixed on the drilling floor 1.
  • the first U The first drive mechanism includes a drive member, a rack and a gear, and the rack is fixed on the slide rail, and the arrangement direction of the rack is the same as that of the slide rail, and the gear is fixed on the drive member. and fix the driving device on the centering and centering device 5, so that the gear and the rack are meshed with each other; so that when the driving part drives the gear to rotate, the gear can make the centering and centering through the mutual meshing between the gear and the rack.
  • the device 5 moves on the slide rail, and through the meshing transmission between the gear and the rack, the transmission efficiency of the centering and centering device 5 of the present invention on the first guide mechanism 3 can also be improved.
  • the driving member can be selected as a servo motor or a hydraulic motor or the like.
  • the specific number of the slide rails in the first guide mechanism 3 is not limited.
  • the first guide mechanism 3 can be provided with two slide rails, so that the two slide rails are arranged in parallel, and the two slide rails are respectively fixed on the
  • the number of racks can be selected as 2, and a rack is installed on each slide rail, and a gear is arranged on each rack to engage with it, so that The stability of the centering and centering device 5 when moving on the first guide mechanism 3 can be further improved; of course, the number of slide rails in the first guide mechanism 3 can also be one or three.
  • the specific structure of the second driving mechanism of the present invention is not limited, and the specific structure of the second guiding mechanism 4 is not limited.
  • the structure of the second driving mechanism can refer to the structural design of the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism can be designed.
  • the structure of the second guide mechanism 4 is designed with reference to the structure design of the first guide mechanism 3 .
  • the centering and centering device 5 of the present invention includes a mounting seat 51 , a protection clamp 52 and a centering mechanism 53 ; Two U-shaped openings, and the two straight sides of the second U-shaped opening are arranged in parallel with the first guiding mechanism 3 , and both the protection pliers 52 and the centering mechanism 53 are installed inside the mounting seat 51.
  • the specific structure of the protection pliers 52 Not limited, as long as the drill rod 9 can be restricted in the second U-shaped opening of the mounting seat 51 .
  • the centering mechanism 53 includes a driving assembly 531 , a fixing plate 533 and a bottom plate 535 .
  • the number of the fixing plates 533 in the centering mechanism 53 is two, and they are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the bottom plate 535 .
  • through holes are opened on the two fixed plates 533; and at the through holes of each fixed plate 533, a transmission arm 534, a rocker arm 537, a rocker arm clip 536 and a transmission rod 532 are provided, and the transmission arm
  • One end of the rocker arm 534 is hinged with one end of the rocker arm 537 after passing through the through hole, the other end of the transmission arm 534 is hinged with one end of the transmission rod 532, the other end of the rocker arm 537 is fixedly connected with the rocker arm clip 536, and the other end of the transmission rod 532 is fixedly connected.
  • One end is hinged with one end of the drive assembly 531, the other end of the drive assembly 531 is fixed on the bottom plate 535, and the drive assembly 531 is arranged in the middle position between the through holes on the two fixing plates 533; the plane where the rocker arm card plate 536 is located It can be arranged vertically with the rocker arms 537, and a gap is provided on the opposite sides of the two rocker arm clips 536, and when the centering mechanism 53 is closed under the action of the drive assembly 531, the two rocker arm clips 536
  • the gap on the upper part forms a rhombus-shaped structure, and the center of the rhombus-shaped structure is located on the symmetry line of the second U-shaped opening of the mounting seat 51, and the predetermined centering and centralizing area of the drill pipe 9 is formed between the gaps on the two rocker arm clips 536.
  • the transmission rod 532 can be selected as a common connecting rod.
  • the transmission arm 534 can be selected as a plate-like structure, and a rotating shaft is fixed on the plate surface of one end of the transmission arm 534 , the rotating shaft is vertically arranged with the plate surface of the transmission arm 534 , and one end of the rotating shaft is removed from the fixed plate 533 . After passing through the through hole, it is hinged with one end of the rocker arm 537 , and the other end of the transmission arm 534 is hinged with one end of the transmission rod 532 .
  • the rocker arm clips 536 can be selected as rectangular plates, and a gap is formed on the opposite sides of the two rocker arm clips 536, and the gap between the two rocker arm clips 536 can form a diamond-shaped structure and make the The side of the rocker arm clip 536 away from the notch is fixedly connected with the rocker arm 537.
  • a reinforcing piece can also be provided below the rocker arm clip 536. plate.
  • the rocker arm 537 can be selected as a combined structure formed by two mutually perpendicular rectangular plates, and one end of the rocker arm 537 is fixedly connected to the rocker arm clamping plate 536 , and the other end is hinged to the transmission arm 534 .
  • the specific selection method of the driving component is not limited. For the convenience of implementation, a hydraulic driving method or an electric driving method can be selected.
  • the number of centering mechanisms 53 in the present invention can be at least two, and They are arranged at intervals up and down in the mounting seat 51 .
  • two centering mechanisms 53 may be provided.
  • the lifting mechanism 6 of the present invention includes a pipe support, a lifting base 61 , a lifting device and a lifting driving device 68 ;
  • first firmware is respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the lifting base 61 62, and the first sliding grooves 63 are respectively opened on the first firmware 62 on both sides, and the first sliding grooves 63 on both sides are arranged opposite;
  • the board is provided with a first chute 63, the first chute 63 is arranged along the length direction of the first firmware 62, and the specific length of the first chute 63 is not limited.
  • FIG. 10 the lifting mechanism 6 of the present invention
  • the first chute One end of 63 is close to the end of the first fastener 62 , and the other end of the first chute 63 is located in the middle of the length of the first fastener 62 .
  • the position of the first sliding groove 63 on one side of the first fastener 62 may be the same as the position of the first sliding groove 63 on the other side of the first fastener 62 .
  • the lifting device includes two lifting assemblies 64 arranged opposite to each other.
  • the lifting assemblies 64 are connected above the first firmware 62 , and each lifting assembly 64 includes at least one transmission rod.
  • the rod includes 2 links, and the central position of the length of one of the links is hinged with the central position of the length of the other link; in the lowermost transmission rod of the lifting assembly 64, one of the links One end of the connecting rod is hinged with the first firmware 62, and one end of the other connecting rod is slidably connected with the first chute 63 through the first rotating shaft; the pipe tool support is installed on the top transmission rod of the lifting assembly 64,
  • the opposite sides of the support member are respectively fixed with second fasteners 65, the second fasteners 65 are located directly above the first fasteners 62, and second sliding grooves 66 are respectively opened on the second fasteners 65 on both sides.
  • the second sliding grooves 66 are arranged opposite to each other; in the uppermost transmission rod of the lifting assembly 64, one end of one transmission rod is hinged with the second fastener 65, and one end of the other connecting rod is connected to the second sliding rod through the second rotating shaft.
  • the slot 66 is slidably connected; one end of the lift drive device 68 is hinged with the lift base 61, and the other end is hinged with the transmission rod of the lift device.
  • the position of the second chute 66 on one side of the second fastener 65 may be the same as the position of the second chute 66 on the other side of the second fastener 65 .
  • the specific number of transmission rods is not limited.
  • the number of transmission rods can be selected as 2, and the lower ends of the two connecting rods in the upper transmission rod are respectively connected with the two in the lower transmission rod.
  • the upper ends of the connecting rods are hinged together, so that a cross-connected structure is formed in the connecting rods of the upper and lower adjacent transmission rods, and then, under the action of the lifting drive device 68, one of the connecting rods in the lower transmission rod will pass through
  • the first rotating shaft slides in the first chute 63, so that the overall height of the lower transmission rod will change, and the distance between the two connecting rods at the upper end of the lower transmission rod will change;
  • the height increases under the action of the lift drive device 68, so the distance between the two connecting rods at the upper end of the lower transmission rod will be shortened, and the connecting rods in the two adjacent transmission rods are cross-hinged at the upper and lower ends.
  • the distance between the two connecting rods at the upper end of the lower transmission rod is shortened, the distance between the two connecting rods in the upper transmission rod will be shortened, which in turn will shorten the overall height of the upper transmission rod. becomes higher, and a link in the upper transmission rod will slide in the second chute 66 through the second rotating shaft, thereby changing the distance between the upper ends of the two links in the upper transmission rod, and then making the entire lifting The height of the mechanism 6 becomes high.
  • the lift drive device 68 can optionally be driven by an oil cylinder.
  • the pipe support member includes a support plate group 67, and the upper end of the support plate group 67 is provided with a positioning groove, and In the vertical direction, the center line of the centering area of the centering device 5 coincides with the axis of the positioning groove.
  • the center line of the centering device 5 centering area and the axis of the positioning groove allow Deviation occurs within the precision control range, and the precision control range mentioned here is generally selected according to the actual situation. As shown in FIG.
  • the structure of the pipe support of the present invention can be set as a U-shaped structure composed of three rectangular plates, wherein the two rectangular plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the two oppositely arranged rectangular plates are respectively installed on the lifting assembly 64, the third rectangular plate is arranged between the two oppositely arranged rectangular plates, the two ends of the third rectangular plate are respectively fixedly connected between the two oppositely arranged rectangular plates, and the support plate group 67 is fixedly arranged on the first rectangular plate.
  • the supporting plate group 67 includes a plurality of supporting plates arranged at intervals, the plane where each supporting plate is located is vertically arranged, and a conical concave is formed on the upper end of all the supporting plates. groove.
  • the specific process of transporting the drill pipe 9 on the ground to the drill floor by the present invention is as follows:
  • Step 1 the overturning manipulator 8 adjusts the drill rod 9 to a vertical state, and transports the drill rod 9 to the side of the drill floor 1, at this time, open the protection pliers 52 and the centering mechanism 53 in the centering and centering device 5 of the present invention, and
  • the lifting mechanism 6 of the present invention is contracted to a low state, and the lifting mechanism 6 is contracted to a low state means that the height of the lifting mechanism 6 is lower than the height of the low end of the drill pipe 9 when the drill pipe 9 is handed over;
  • the device 5 and the lifting mechanism 6 are respectively moved to the side of the drill floor 1 synchronously through the first driving device and the second driving device, as shown in Figure 11;
  • Step 2 control the centering and centering device 5 to close the protection pliers 52, and restrict the drill pipe 9 in the mechanism of the centering and centering device 5, and simultaneously lift the lifting mechanism 6 to the bottom of the drill pipe 9, as shown in Figure 14. Show;
  • Step 3 control the lifting mechanism 6 to rise, and lift the drill pipe 9 to a predetermined height, and open the support tongs of the turning manipulator 8, and control the centering mechanism 53 in the centering and centering device 5 to center the drill pipe 9 at the same time. Centering, so as to complete the handover of the drill pipe 9 from the turning manipulator 8, that is, the transportation of the ground-power mouse hole, as shown in Figure 17;
  • Step 4 after the handover of the drill pipe 9 is completed, the turning manipulator 8 returns to the horizontal state, as shown in Figure 18;
  • Step 5 the centering and centering device 5 and the lifting mechanism 6 are respectively moved to the vicinity of the wellbore 7 through the first driving device and the second driving device synchronously, as shown in FIG. 19 ;
  • Step 6 open the protection pliers 52 and the centering mechanism 53 in the centering and centering device 5, and complete the transportation of the drill pipe 9 from the power rat hole to the drill floor 1 through the cooperation of other equipment, as shown in FIG. 20 .
  • Step 7 control the lifting mechanism 6 to shrink, so that the lifting mechanism 6 shrinks to a low position, as shown in FIG. 21 .
  • the drill pipe 9 can be continuously transported from the ground to the drill floor 1 .
  • the process of transporting the drill pipe 9 from the drill floor 1 to the ground is opposite to the process of transporting the drill pipe 9 on the ground to the drill floor 1. Therefore, the present invention can realize the handover between the drill pipe 9 on the ground and the drill floor 1 , and the storage process of the drill pipe 9 between the drill floor 1 and the ground does not require the cooperation of multiple devices, thereby improving the automatic processing efficiency of the drill pipe 9, shortening the operation cycle, and reducing the risk of safe operation of the system .

Abstract

一种动力鼠洞装置，包括第一导向机构（3）和第二导向机构（4）；第一导向机构（3）安装在具有第一U型开口的钻台（1）上，在第一导向机构（3）上安装有扶正对中装置（5），扶正对中装置（5）与第一导向机构（3）滑动配合；第二导向机构（4）位于第一导向机构（3）下方，第二导向机构（4）安装在井架底座（2）上，在第二导向机构（4）上安装有举升机构（6），举升机构（6）位于扶正对中装置（5）的正下方，举升机构（6）与第二导向机构（4）滑动配合，举升机构（6）与扶正对中装置（5）同步移动。该装置使钻杆在钻台上的水平方向上进行移动，可以解决钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞的问题。

Description

动力鼠洞装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种动力鼠洞装置，属于石油钻机设备应用技术领域。
 背景技术
动力鼠洞是石油钻机上的一种自动化管具处理设备，并配合其它设备完成离线接立根或者离线卸立根的作业，以实现钻杆在钻台与地面之间的输送、排放以及存储等。目前，现有的动力鼠洞主体为圆柱管，钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞，从而使得动力鼠洞在离线接立根时，一般要先将地面的钻杆运至钻台面，钻台面下方设置有井架底座，然后再由设备将钻杆放置鼠洞内，接着在鼠洞内对钻杆进行接立根作业，钻杆的接立根作业完成后，再由设备将立根从鼠洞中取出并排放在钻台立根盒区；而在动力鼠洞离线卸立根时，一般是先将钻台立根盒区的立根放置在鼠洞内，然后将立根进行拆分，接着再通过设备将钻杆从鼠洞中取出并运至钻台面，然后在运送至地面。目前通过动力鼠洞离线接立根或者离线卸立根的方式，钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞，使得钻杆在钻台与地面之间的存储过程，需要多个设备共同配合完成，这种处理方式不仅会降低钻杆的自动化处理效率、影响周期，而且多个设备的配合操作也会增大系统安全运作的风险。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于，针对在现有技术中，通过动力鼠洞进行离线接立根或者离线卸立根时，钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞的问题，提供一种动力鼠洞装置。
 技术解决方案
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
动力鼠洞装置，包括第一导向机构和第二导向机构；第一导向机构用于安装在具有第一U型开口的钻台上，在第一导向机构上安装有扶正对中装置，并且扶正对中装置与第一导向机构滑动配合；第二导向机构位于第一导向机构下方，并且第二导向机构用于安装在井架底座上，在第二导向机构上安装有举升机构，举升机构位于扶正对中装置的正下方，并且举升机构与第二导向机构滑动配合，举升机构与扶正对中装置同步移动。
本发明所提供的动力鼠洞装置结构与常规的圆柱鼠洞结构不同，在本发明中，扶正对中装置安装在第一导向机构上，并且扶正对中装置与第一导向机构滑动配合，第一U型开口开设在钻台的钻台面上，将第一导向机构安装在钻台面的第一U型开口内，从而扶正对中装置可以在钻台面的U型开口内进行移动；本发明还包括第二导向机构，第二导向机构上安装有举升机构，并且举升机构与扶正对中装置同步移动，第二导向机构位于第一导向机构的下方，从而当扶正对中装置在钻台面的第一U型开口内移动时，可以保证举升机构与扶正对中装置之间的相对位置；当翻转机械手将钻杆调整至垂直状态并将钻杆送至钻台边时，通过扶正对中装置可以保证钻杆在本发明中的位置精度，通过举升机构可以将钻杆进行举升，并使扶正对中装置和举升机构在钻台面的第一U型开口内同步移动，从而可以实现钻杆在钻台面上的水平方向上进行移动，并且能够保证钻杆在本发明中的位置精度，进而解决了钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞的问题；本发明能够将钻杆进行举升，以及能够保证钻杆的位置精度，并且可以使钻杆往返于井眼附近和钻台边，从而实现地面与钻台之间的钻杆交接；通过本发明可以使钻杆在钻台与地面之间的存储过程中，减少一次在钻台面上的移运操作，以及可以减少在存储过程中需要配合的设备数量，进而可以提高钻杆的自动化处理效率，缩短作业周期，降低系统运作的风险。
进一步的，还包括第一驱动机构和第二驱动机构，第一驱动机构用于驱动扶正对中装置在第一导向机构上移动，第二驱动机构用于驱动举升机构在第二导向机构上移动。通过上述结构，可以使本发明的扶正对中装置能够在第一导向机构上稳定的移动，以及可以使本发明的举升机构能够在第二导向机构上稳定的移动。
进一步的，第一导向机构包括导轨，并且导轨固定在第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动装置和滑轮，滑轮固定在驱动装置的输出端，并且驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置上，滑轮安装在导轨上。通过滑轮与导轨之间的配合，使本发明的扶正对中装置能够在第一导向机构上稳定的移动，是本发明第一导向机构的一种优选实施方案。
进一步的，第一导向机构包括滑轨，并且滑轨固定在第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动件、齿条和齿轮，齿条固定在滑轨上，并且齿条的布置方向沿滑轨的布置方向设置，齿轮固定在驱动件的输出端，并且驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置上，齿轮与齿条相互啮合。通过上述结构，可以提高本发明的扶正对中装置在第一导向机构上的传动效率，是本发明第一导向机构的一种优选实施方案。
进一步的，扶正对中装置包括安装座、保护钳和对中机构；安装座上设置有第二U型开口，并且第二U型开口的两侧直边与第一导向机构平行布置，保护钳和对中机构安装在安装座内。通过上述结构，可以保证钻杆在本发明中的位置精度，是本发明扶正对中装置的一种优选实施方式。
进一步的，对中机构包括驱动组件、固定板和底板，固定板的数量为2块，分别固设在底板相对的两侧，并在2块固定板上分别开设有通孔；在每一块固定板的通孔处均设置有传动臂、摇臂、摇臂卡板和传动杆，并且传动臂的一端穿过通孔后与摇臂的一端铰接，传动臂的另一端与传动杆的一端铰接，摇臂的另一端与摇臂卡板固定连接，传动杆的另一端与驱动组件的一端铰接，驱动组件的另一端固设在底板上，并且驱动组件布置在两块固定板上通孔之间的中间位置；在2块摇臂卡板相对的侧边上设置有缺口，并且对中机构在驱动组件的作用下关闭时，2块摇臂卡板上的缺口组成菱形结构，并且菱形结构的中心位于安装座U型开口的对称线上，2块摇臂卡板上的缺口之间形成钻杆预定的对中扶正区域。是本发明对中机构的一种优选实施方式。
进一步的，对中机构至少为2个，并在安装座内上下间隔布置。通过上述结构，可以进一步提高钻杆在本发明中的位置精度。
进一步的，举升机构包括管具支撑件、举升底座、举升装置和举升驱动装置；在举升底座相对的两侧分别固设有第一固件，并且在两侧的第一固件上分别开设有第一滑槽，两侧的第一滑槽相对设置；举升装置包括相对设置的两个举升组件，举升组件连接在第一固件的上方，每个举升组件包括至少1个传动杆件，每个传动杆件包括2根连杆，并且其中一根连杆长度的中心位置与另一根连杆长度的中心位置铰接在一起；在举升组件最下方的传动杆件中，其中一根连杆的一端与第一固件铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第一转轴与第一滑槽滑动连接；管具支撑件安装在举升组件最上方的传动杆件上，在管具支撑件相对的两侧分别固设有第二固件，第二固件位于第一固件的正上方，在两侧的第二固件上分别开设有第二滑槽，并且两侧的第二滑槽相对设置；在举升组件最上方的传动杆件中，其中一根连杆的一端与第二固件铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第二转轴与第二滑槽滑动连接；举升驱动装置的一端与举升底座铰接，另一端与举升装置的传动杆件铰接。通过上述结构，可以使钻杆在本发明中稳定地被举升，是本发明举升机构的一种优选实施方式。
进一步的，管具支撑件包括支撑板组，支撑板组的上端设置有定位凹槽，在竖直方向上，扶正对中装置扶正对中区域的中心线与定位凹槽的轴线重合。通过上述结构，有助于钻杆的下端在举升机构中获得较为准确的位置。
进一步的，支撑板组包括多块间隔布置的支撑板，每块支撑板所在的平面竖直布置，并且在所有支撑板的上端形成有锥形凹槽。通过上述结构，可以提高支撑板组的支撑能力，是本发明支撑板组的一种优选实施方式。
 有益效果
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明可以使得钻杆在钻台面上进行在水平方向上的移动，从而可以解决钻杆只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞的问题。
2、通过本发明可以使钻杆在钻台与地面之间的存储过程中，减少一次在钻台面上的移运操作，以及可以减少在存储过程中需要配合的设备数量，进而降低作业风险。
3、本发明可以提高钻杆的自动化处理效率，缩短作业周期，以及可以降低系统安全运作的风险。
 附图说明
图1为本发明、钻台面和井架底座之间的装配结构示意图。
图2为图1的俯视图。
图3为第一导向机构和扶正对中装置的三维结构示意图。
图4为第二导向机构和举升机构的三维结构示意图。
图5为保护钳和对中机构的三维结构示意图。
图6为闭合状态下的对中机构的结构示意图。
图7为图6的俯视图。
图8为开启状态下的对中机构的结构示意图。
图9为图8的俯视图。
图10为举升机构的三维结构示意图。
图11为扶正对中装置和举升机构移动到钻台边的结构示意图。
图12为图11中A处的放大示意图。
图13为图11中B处的放大示意图。
图14为本发明与翻转机械手完成钻杆交接的结构示意图。
图15为图14中C处的放大示意图。
图16为图14中D处的放大示意图。
图17为本发明的举升机构将钻杆举升后的结构示意图。
图18为钻杆交接完成后翻转机械手返回水平状态的结构示意图。
图19为扶正对中装置和举升机构移动到井眼附近的结构示意图。
图20为本发明完成钻杆从动力鼠洞到钻台输送的结构示意图。
图21为举升机构收缩至低位的结构示意图。
图中标记：1-钻台，2-底座，3-第一导向机构，4-第二导向机构，5-扶正对中装置，51-安装座，52-保护钳，53-对中机构，531-驱动组件，532-传动杆，533-固定板，534-传动臂，535-底板，536-摇臂卡板，537-摇臂，6-举升机构，61-举升底座，62-第一固件，63-第一滑槽，64-举升组件，65-第二固件，66-第二滑槽，67-支撑板组，68-举升驱动装置，7-井眼，8-翻转机械手，9-钻杆。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例，凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
如图1至图10所示，本发明包括第一导向机构3和第二导向机构4；第一导向机构3用于安装在具有第一U型开口的钻台1上，在第一导向机构3上安装有扶正对中装置5，并且扶正对中装置5与第一导向机构3滑动配合；第二导向机构4位于第一导向机构3下方，并且第二导向机构4用于安装在井架底座2上，在第二导向机构4上安装有举升机构6，举升机构6位于扶正对中装置5的正下方，并且举升机构6与第二导向机构4滑动配合，举升机构6与扶正对中装置5同步移动。
本发明所提供的动力鼠洞装置结构与常规的圆柱鼠洞结构不同，在本发明中，扶正对中装置5安装在第一导向机构3上，并且扶正对中装置5与第一导向机构3滑动配合，第一U型开口开设在钻台1的钻台面上，将第一导向机构3安装在钻台面的第一U型开口内，从而扶正对中装置5可以通过第一驱动机构在钻台1的第一U型开口内进行移动；本发明还包括第二导向机构4，第二导向机构4上安装有举升机构6，并且举升机构6与扶正对中装置5同步移动，第二导向机构4位于第一导向机构3的下方，从而当扶正对中装置5在钻台1的第一U型开口内移动时，可以保证举升机构6与扶正对中装置5之间的相对位置；当翻转机械手8将钻杆9调整至垂直状态并将钻杆9送至钻台边时，通过扶正对中装置5可以保证钻杆9在本发明中的位置精度，通过举升机构6可以将钻杆9进行举升，再利用第一驱动机构驱动扶正对中装置5在第一导向机构3上移动，并使扶正对中装置5和举升机构6在钻台1的第一U型开口内同步移动，从而可以实现钻杆9在钻台1上的水平方向上进行移动，并且能够保证钻杆9在本发明中的位置精度，进而解决了钻杆9只能通过上下位移的方式进出鼠洞的问题；本发明能够将钻杆9进行举升，以及能够保证钻杆9的位置精度，并且可以使钻杆9往返于井眼附近和钻台边，从而实现地面与钻台之间的管具交接；通过本发明可以使钻杆9在钻台与地面之间的存储过程中，减少一次在钻台1上的移运操作，以及可以减少在存储过程中需要配合的设备数量，进而可以提高钻杆9的自动化处理效率，缩短作业周期，降低系统运作的风险。
在本发明中，为了可以使本发明的扶正对中装置5能够在第一导向机构3上稳定的移动，以及可以使本发明的举升机构6能够在第二导向机构4上稳定的移动，本发明还包括第一驱动机构和第二驱动机构，第一驱动机构用于驱动扶正对中装置5在第一导向机构3上移动，第二驱动机构用于驱动举升机构6在第二导向机构4上移动。进一步的，为了便于实施扶正对中装置5和举升机构6之间实现同步移动，本发明的第一驱动机构与第二驱动机构可以分别与钻机控制系统之间电性连接。并且第一驱动机构的具体结构和第一导向机构3的具体结构不限，为便于使扶正对中装置5可以通过第一驱动机构能够在第一导向机构3上进行稳定的移动，可以采用如下优选方式：第一导向机构3包括导轨，并且将导轨固定在钻台1上第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动装置和滑轮，滑轮固定在驱动装置的输出端，并且驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置5上，滑轮安装在导轨上；从而通过驱动装置带动滑轮在导轨上转动，可以实现扶正对中装置5在导轨上移动。具体地，驱动装置可以选择为伺服电机或者液压马达等。第一导向机构3中导轨的具体数量不限，为便于结构的稳定性，第一导向机构3可以设置2根导轨，使2根导轨平行布置，并将2根导轨分别固定在第一U型开口两侧的直边上，滑轮的数量可以选择为2个，并且每根导轨上均安装有滑轮，从而可以进一步提高扶正对中装置5在第一导向机构3上移动时的稳定性；当然，第一导向机构3中导轨的数量还可以是1根或者3根等。
在本发明中，第一驱动机构的具体结构和第一导向机构3的具体结构还可以采用如下优选方式：第一导向机构3包括滑轨，并且将滑轨固定在钻台1上第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动件、齿条和齿轮，将齿条固定在滑轨上，并且使齿条的布置方向与滑轨的布置方向相同，将齿轮固定在驱动件的输出端，并且将驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置5上，使齿轮与齿条相互啮合；从而在驱动件带动齿轮转动时，齿轮通过与齿条之间的相互啮合，可以使扶正对中装置5在滑轨上进行移动，并且通过齿轮和齿条之间的啮合传动，还可以提高本发明的扶正对中装置5在第一导向机构3上的传动效率。具体地，驱动件可以选择为伺服电机或者液压马达等。第一导向机构3中滑轨的具体数量不限，为便于结构的稳定性，第一导向机构3可以设置2根滑轨，使2根滑轨平行布置，并将2根滑轨分别固定在第一U型开口两侧的直边上，齿条的数量可以选择为2根，并且每根滑轨上均安装有齿条，并且在每根齿条上均设置有齿轮与之啮合，从而可以进一步提高扶正对中装置5在第一导向机构3上移动时的稳定性；当然，第一导向机构3中滑轨的数量还可以是1根或者3根等。
同样，本发明第二驱动机构的具体结构不限，以及第二导向机构4的具体结构不限，为便于实施，可以使第二驱动机构的结构参照第一驱动机构的结构设计，可以使第二导向机构4的结构参照第一导向机构3的结构设计。
如图5所示，本发明的扶正对中装置5包括安装座51、保护钳52和对中机构53；安装座51可以设置为长方体的中空结构，并在安装座51的一侧开设有第二U型开口，并且第二U型开口的两侧直边与第一导向机构3平行布置，并将保护钳52和对中机构53都安装在安装座51的内部，保护钳52的具体结构不限，只要能够将钻杆9限制在安装座51的第二U型开口内即可。如图6至图9所示，对中机构53包括驱动组件531、固定板533和底板535，对中机构53中固定板533的数量为2块，并且分别固设在底板535相对的两侧，在2块固定板533上均开设有通孔；并且在每一块固定板533的通孔处，均设置有传动臂534、摇臂537、摇臂卡板536和传动杆532，并且传动臂534的一端穿过通孔后与摇臂537的一端铰接，传动臂534的另一端与传动杆532的一端铰接，摇臂537的另一端与摇臂卡板536固定连接，传动杆532的另一端与驱动组件531的一端铰接，驱动组件531的另一端固设在底板535上，并且驱动组件531布置在两块固定板533上通孔之间的中间位置；摇臂卡板536所在的平面可以与摇臂537之间垂直布置，并且在2块摇臂卡板536相对的侧边上设置有缺口，并且对中机构53在驱动组件531的作用下关闭时，2块摇臂卡板536上的缺口组成菱形状结构，并且菱形状结构的中心位于安装座51第二U型开口的对称线上，2块摇臂卡板536上的缺口之间形成钻杆9预定的对中扶正区域。
具体地，为便于实施，传动杆532可以选择为普通的连杆。传动臂534可以选择为板状结构，并且在传动臂534的一端的板面上固设有转动轴，转动轴与传动臂534的板面垂直布置，并使转动轴的一端从固定板533上的通孔穿过后与摇臂537的一端铰接在一起，传动臂534的另一端与传动杆532的一端铰接在一起。摇臂卡板536的可以选择为矩形板，并在2块摇臂卡板536相对的侧边上开设一个缺口，2块摇臂卡板536之间的缺口能够形成一个菱形状结构，并使摇臂卡板536远离缺口的侧边与摇臂537之间固定连接，为便于增加摇臂卡板536与摇臂537之间的连接强度，还可以在摇臂卡板536的下方设置一块加强板。摇臂537可以选择为由2块相互垂直的矩形板形成的组合结构，并使摇臂537的一端与摇臂卡板536固定连接，另一端与传动臂534之间铰接。驱动组件的具体选择方式不限，为便于实施，可以选择为液压驱动或者电力驱动的方式。
进一步的，为了进一步提高扶正对中装置5对钻杆9位置控制的效果，进而可以进一步提高钻杆9在本发明中的位置精度，本发明中的对中机构53可以至少为2个，并且在安装座51内上下间隔布置。为便于结构简化，如图5所示，可以将对中机构53设置为2个。
如图10所示，本发明的举升机构6包括管具支撑件、举升底座61、举升装置和举升驱动装置68；在举升底座61相对的两侧分别固设有第一固件62，并且在两侧的第一固件62上分别开设有第一滑槽63，两侧的第一滑槽63相对设置；在图10中，第一固件62可以设置为矩形板，并且在矩形板上设置有第一滑槽63，第一滑槽63沿第一固件62的长度方向布置，并且第一滑槽63的具体长度不限，为便于实施，在图10中，第一滑槽63的一端靠近第一固件62的端头，第一滑槽63的另一端位于第一固件62长度的中间部位。优选地，可以使其中一侧第一固件62上第一滑槽63的位置，与另一侧第一固件62上第一滑槽63的位置对应相同。
如图10所示，举升装置包括相对设置的两个举升组件64，举升组件64连接在第一固件62的上方，每个举升组件64包括至少1个传动杆件，每个传动杆件包括2根连杆，并且其中一根连杆长度的中心位置与另一根连杆长度的中心位置铰接在一起；在举升组件64最下方的传动杆件中，其中一根连杆的一端与第一固件62铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第一转轴与第一滑槽63滑动连接；管具支撑件安装在举升组件64最上方的传动杆件上，在管具支撑件相对的两侧分别固设有第二固件65，第二固件65位于第一固件62的正上方，在两侧的第二固件65上分别开设有第二滑槽66，并且两侧的第二滑槽66相对设置；在举升组件64最上方的传动杆件中，其中一根传动杆的一端与第二固件65铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第二转轴与第二滑槽66滑动连接；举升驱动装置68的一端与举升底座61铰接，另一端与举升装置的传动杆件铰接。优选地，可以使其中一侧第二固件65上第二滑槽66的位置，与另一侧第二固件65上第二滑槽66的位置对应相同。
传动杆件的具体数量不限，为便于实施，在图10中，传动杆件的数量可以选择为2个，并且上方传动杆件中两根连杆的下端分别与下方传动杆件中两根连杆的上端铰接在一起，从而在上下相邻传动杆件的连杆中，形成交叉连接的结构，进而在举升驱动装置68的作用下，下方传动杆件中的一根连杆会通过第一转动轴在第一滑槽63中进行滑动，从而会改变下方传动杆件的整体高度，并且下方传动杆件上端的两根连杆之间的距离会发生变化；假设下方传动杆件的高度在举升驱动装置68的作用下升高，则下方传动杆件上端的两根连杆之间的距离会变短，而上下相邻的两个传动杆件中的连杆是交叉铰接在一起的，所以下方传动杆件上端的两根连杆之间的距离变短时，会使上方传动杆件中两根连杆之间的距离变短，进而会使上方传动杆件的整体高度变高，而上方的传动杆件中的一根连杆会通过第二转动轴在第二滑槽66中滑动，进而改变上方传动杆件中两根连杆上端的距离，进而使整个举升机构6的高度变高。当下方传动杆件的高度在举升驱动装置68的作用下降低时，传动杆件的运动过程与举升机构6在升高时传动杆件的运动过程相反。举升驱动装置68的可以选择为油缸驱动。
为了有助于钻杆9的下端在举升机构6中获得较为准确的位置，如图10所示，管具支撑件包括支撑板组67，支撑板组67的上端设置有定位凹槽，并且在竖直方向上，扶正对中装置5扶正对中区域的中心线与定位凹槽的轴线重合，在实际工作中，扶正对中装置5扶正对中区域的中心线与定位凹槽的轴线允许在精度控制范围内出现偏差，这里所说的精度控制范围一般根据实际情况进行选择。如图10所示，本发明的管具支撑件结构可以设置为由3块矩形板组成的U型结构，其中两块矩形板相对设置，并且相对设置的两块矩形板分别安装在举升组件64上，第三块矩形板设置在相对设置的两块矩形板之间，第三块矩形板的两端分别与相对设置的两块矩形板之间固定连接，支撑板组67固设在第三块矩形板上。进一步的，为了可以提高支撑板组67的支撑能力，支撑板组67包括多块间隔布置的支撑板，每块支撑板所在的平面竖直布置，并且在所有支撑板的上端形成有锥形凹槽。
具体地，如图11至图21所示，通过本发明将地面的钻杆9运至钻台的具体流程为：
步骤一，翻转机械手8将钻杆9调整为垂直状态，并将钻杆9运至在钻台1边，此时打开本发明扶正对中装置5中的保护钳52和对中机构53，并使本发明的举升机构6收缩至低位状态，举升机构6收缩至低位状态是指在交接钻杆9时举升机构6的高度低于钻杆9低端的高度；同时，扶正对中装置5和举升机构6分别通过第一驱动装置和第二驱动装置同步移动到钻台1边，如图11所示；
步骤二，控制扶正对中装置5使保护钳52闭合，并将钻杆9限制在扶正对中装置5机构中，并同时使举升机构6举升至钻杆9的底部，如图14所示；
步骤三，控制举升机构6升高，并将钻杆9举升至预定高度，并且打开翻转机械手8的扶持钳，并同时控制扶正对中装置5中的对中机构53将钻杆9扶正对中，从而完成钻杆9从翻转机械手8处的交接，即地面—动力鼠洞的输送，如图17所示；
步骤四，在钻杆9交接完成后，翻转机械手8返回水平状态，如图18所示；
步骤五，扶正对中装置5和举升机构6分别通过第一驱动装置和第二驱动装置同步移动到井眼7附近，如图19所示；
步骤六，打开扶正对中装置5中的保护钳52和对中机构53，并通过其它设备的配合，完成钻杆9从动力鼠洞—钻台1的输送，如图20所示。
步骤七，控制举升机构6收缩，使举升机构6收缩至低位，如图21所示。
重复步骤一至步骤七，可连续将钻杆9从地面输送至钻台1。
而将钻杆9从钻台1运至地面的流程与将地面的钻杆9运至钻台1的流程相反，所以，通过本发明可以实现钻杆9在地面与钻台1之间的交接，并且钻杆9在钻台1与地面之间的存储过程中，不需要多个设备共同配合完成，进而可以提高钻杆9的自动化处理效率，缩短作业周期，以及可以降低系统安全运作的风险。
    以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：包括第一导向机构（3）和第二导向机构（4），其中，第一导向机构（3）用于安装在具有第一U型开口的钻台（1）上，在第一导向机构（3）上安装有扶正对中装置（5），并且扶正对中装置（5）与第一导向机构（3）滑动配合；
    第二导向机构（4）位于第一导向机构（3）下方，并且第二导向机构（4）用于安装在井架底座（2）上，在第二导向机构（4）上安装有举升机构（6），举升机构（6）位于扶正对中装置（5）的正下方，并且举升机构（6）与第二导向机构（4）滑动配合，举升机构（6）与扶正对中装置（5）同步移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：还包括第一驱动机构和第二驱动机构，第一驱动机构用于驱动扶正对中装置（5）在第一导向机构（3）上移动，第二驱动机构用于驱动举升机构（6）在第二导向机构（4）上移动。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：第一导向机构（3）包括导轨，并且导轨固定在第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动装置和滑轮，滑轮固定在驱动装置的输出端，并且驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置（5）上，滑轮安装在导轨上。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：第一导向机构（3）包括滑轨，并且滑轨固定在第一U型开口的直边上；第一驱动机构包括驱动件、齿条和齿轮，齿条固定在滑轨上，并且齿条的布置方向沿滑轨的布置方向设置，齿轮固定在驱动件的输出端，并且驱动装置固定在扶正对中装置（5）上，齿轮与齿条相互啮合。
  5. 如权利要求2至4中任意一项所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：扶正对中装置（5）包括安装座（51）、保护钳（52）和对中机构（53）；安装座（51）上设置有第二U型开口，并且第二U型开口的两侧直边与第一导向机构（3）平行布置，保护钳（52）和对中机构（53）安装在安装座（51）内。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：对中机构（53）包括驱动组件（531）、固定板（533）和底板（535），固定板（533）的数量为2块，分别固设在底板（535）相对的两侧，并在2块固定板（533）上分别开设有通孔；
    在每一块固定板（533）的通孔处均设置有传动臂（534）、摇臂（537）、摇臂卡板（536）和传动杆（532），并且传动臂（534）的一端穿过通孔后与摇臂（537）的一端铰接，传动臂（534）的另一端与传动杆（532）的一端铰接，摇臂（537）的另一端与摇臂卡板（536）固定连接，传动杆（532）的另一端与驱动组件（531）的一端铰接，驱动组件（531）的另一端固设在底板（535）上，并且驱动组件（531）布置在两块固定板（533）上通孔之间的中间位置；
    在2块摇臂卡板（536）相对的侧边上设置有缺口，并且对中机构（53）在驱动组件（531）的作用下关闭时，2块摇臂卡板（536）上的缺口组成菱形结构，并且菱形结构的中心位于安装座（51）第二U型开口的对称线上，2块摇臂卡板（536）上的缺口之间形成钻杆预定的对中扶正区域。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：对中机构（53）至少为2个，并在安装座（51）内上下间隔布置。
  8. 如权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：举升机构（6）包括管具支撑件、举升底座（61）、举升装置和举升驱动装置（68）；
    在举升底座（61）相对的两侧分别固设有第一固件（62），并且在两侧的第一固件（62）上分别开设有第一滑槽（63），两侧的第一滑槽（63）相对设置；
    举升装置包括相对设置的两个举升组件（64），举升组件（64）连接在第一固件（62）的上方，每个举升组件（64）包括至少1个传动杆件，每个传动杆件包括2根连杆，并且其中一根连杆长度的中心位置与另一根连杆长度的中心位置铰接在一起；在举升组件（64）最下方的传动杆件中，其中一根连杆的一端与第一固件（62）铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第一转轴与第一滑槽（63）滑动连接；
    管具支撑件安装在举升组件（64）最上方的传动杆件上，在管具支撑件相对的两侧分别固设有第二固件（65），第二固件（65）位于第一固件（62）的正上方，在两侧的第二固件（65）上分别开设有第二滑槽（66），并且两侧的第二滑槽（66）相对设置；
    在举升组件（64）最上方的传动杆件中，其中一根连杆的一端与第二固件（65）铰接，另一根连杆的一端通过第二转轴与第二滑槽（66）滑动连接；
    举升驱动装置（68）的一端与举升底座（61）铰接，另一端与举升装置的传动杆件铰接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：管具支撑件包括支撑板组（67），支撑板组（67）的上端设置有定位凹槽，在竖直方向上，扶正对中装置（5）扶正对中区域的中心线与定位凹槽的轴线重合。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的动力鼠洞装置，其特征在于：支撑板组（67）包括多块间隔布置的支撑板，每块支撑板所在的平面竖直布置，并且在所有支撑板的上端形成锥形凹槽。
PCT/CN2021/111131 2020-08-11 2021-08-06 动力鼠洞装置 WO2022033398A1 (zh)

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