WO2022027755A1 - Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant pour la combustion de biomasse - Google Patents

Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant pour la combustion de biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027755A1
WO2022027755A1 PCT/CN2020/112806 CN2020112806W WO2022027755A1 WO 2022027755 A1 WO2022027755 A1 WO 2022027755A1 CN 2020112806 W CN2020112806 W CN 2020112806W WO 2022027755 A1 WO2022027755 A1 WO 2022027755A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue
temperature
outlet
cooled
furnace
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/112806
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张星
景磊
毛军华
顾全斌
Original Assignee
无锡华光环保能源集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 无锡华光环保能源集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 无锡华光环保能源集团股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022027755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027755A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/023—Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/24—Supporting, suspending, or setting arrangements, e.g. heat shielding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass.
  • the heating surface of biomass circulating fluidized bed in China generally has the phenomenon that high temperature superheater is prone to high temperature corrosion, medium and low temperature superheater, economizer is prone to fouling, air preheater fouling, low temperature corrosion, high exhaust temperature phenomenon, SCR Catalyst blockage and failure problems.
  • the present invention provides a biomass-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler, which is not prone to high temperature corrosion in the high temperature section of the superheater, and the low temperature superheater and economizer are not prone to fouling, and the air preheater is not prone to low temperature corrosion.
  • the exhaust gas temperature is within a reasonable range, and the problems of clogging and failure of the SCR catalyst are solved at the same time.
  • a biomass-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler which includes a furnace, a steam-cooled separator, and a tail flue, and the outlet of the upper rear wall of the furnace is connected to the inlet of the steam-cooled separator.
  • the top outlet of the steam-cooled separator is connected to the tail flue, and the bottom outlet of the steam-cooled separator is connected to the furnace chamber through a material return device.
  • the high temperature overheating screen and the medium temperature overheating screen are both film overheating screens and use TP347H material
  • the tail flue includes a first horizontal flue, a second horizontal flue, and a vertical flue arranged in sequence
  • a medium temperature superheater and a low temperature superheater are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction
  • a high temperature economizer and a high temperature bag filter are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction in the second horizontal flue.
  • the medium temperature superheater, the low temperature superheater and the high temperature economizer all use polished rods and are arranged vertically in a row, and the first horizontal flue is at the top of the medium temperature superheater and the low temperature superheater.
  • the second horizontal flue is an adiabatic flue, and the vertical flue is arranged with SCR catalyst, low-temperature economizer, and air preheating in sequence from top to bottom.
  • the low-temperature economizers use polished rods and are arranged in staggered rows, the air preheaters use horizontal pipe rows and are arranged in series, the medium-temperature superheaters, low-temperature superheaters, high-temperature economizers, and high-temperature bag filter There is an ash bucket below.
  • the low temperature economizer is connected to the high temperature economizer through a first connecting pipe, the high temperature economizer is communicated with the drum through a second connecting pipe;
  • the pipe is connected to the water inlet of the membrane wall of the furnace, and the water outlet of the membrane wall of the furnace is connected to the drum through a loop;
  • the saturated steam of the drum is connected to the steam-cooled separator through a third connecting pipe , the outlet of the steam-cooled separator communicates with the wall-clad tube-film wall through a fourth connecting pipe, and the wall-clad tube-film wall communicates with the low-temperature superheater through a header, and the outlets of the low-temperature superheater are sequentially Connect the first-stage water spray desuperheater, the middle-temperature superheater, the second-stage water-spray desuperheater, the middle-temperature superheater, the tertiary water-spray desuperheater, and the high-temperature super
  • the high temperature section of the superheater that is, the high temperature superheating screen and the medium temperature superheating screen
  • the heating surface is arranged in the tail flue, and the high temperature corrosion caused by the accumulation of dust is avoided.
  • the arrangement of the first horizontal flue and the second horizontal flue can control the flue gas flow rate of the medium temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, high temperature economizer, medium temperature superheater, low temperature superheater
  • the high temperature economizer and the high temperature economizer are arranged vertically, which can deposit a large amount of dust carried in the flue gas into the lower ash hopper to avoid slagging and ash accumulation to block the flue;
  • a high temperature bag filter is set behind the high temperature economizer to further filter and enter the SCR The ash content of the flue gas in the catalyst and the low temperature heating surface area; the flue gas after dust removal enters the SCR catalyst, the low temperature economizer and the air preheater in the vertical flue.
  • the flue gas with less dust can avoid the clogging and failure of the SCR catalyst, reduce the fouling of the low-temperature economizer and the air preheater, avoid the low-temperature corrosion of the heating surface, and effectively solve the various problems existing in the existing circulating fluidized bed boiler. kind of problem.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • a biomass-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a furnace 2, a high-temperature steam-cooled separator 3, and a tail flue, and the upper rear wall outlet of the furnace 2 is connected to the high-temperature steam-cooled separator 3.
  • the top outlet of the high-temperature steam-cooling separator 3 is connected to the tail flue
  • the bottom outlet of the high-temperature steam-cooling separator 3 is connected to the furnace chamber 2 through the material returning device 4, and the furnace chamber is also connected to the feeding device 14, and the furnace chamber 2 is provided with a high-temperature superheating screen.
  • high temperature superheating screen 6 and medium temperature superheating screen 7 are both film superheating screens and use TP347H material that is resistant to high temperature corrosion
  • the tail flue includes a first horizontal flue 17 and a second horizontal flue arranged in sequence.
  • 18, vertical flue 19, in the first horizontal flue 17 are arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction with medium temperature superheater 8 and low temperature superheater 9, in the second horizontal flue 18 are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction.
  • the high temperature economizer 10, the high temperature bag filter 13, the medium temperature superheater 8, the low temperature superheater 9, and the high temperature economizer 10 all adopt polished rods and are arranged vertically in a row.
  • the first horizontal flue 17 is located between the medium temperature superheater 8 and the low temperature
  • the top of the superheater 9 is composed of a wall-clad tube 5, and the two sides are composed of water-cooled film walls.
  • the second horizontal flue 18 is an adiabatic flue, and the vertical flue 19 is arranged in sequence from top to bottom.
  • the ash outlet at the bottom of the ash hopper 29 is provided with a bottom conveying device 31, and the settled ash is sent out through the bottom ash conveying device 31.
  • the low temperature economizer 11 is connected to the high temperature economizer 10 through the first connecting pipe, the outlet header 21 on the high temperature economizer 10 is communicated with the drum 1 through the second connecting pipe; the drum 1 communicates with the furnace through the descending pipe 30
  • the water inlet of the membrane wall of 2 and the water outlet of the membrane wall of furnace 2 are connected to the drum 1 through the loop, and the saturated steam of the drum 1 is connected to the high temperature steam-cooling separator 3 through the third connecting pipe, and the high temperature steam-cooling separator 3
  • the outlet communicates with the membrane wall of the wall-clad pipe 5 through the fourth connecting pipe, and the membrane-type wall of the wall-clad tube 5 communicates with the low-temperature superheater 9 through the header, and the outlet of the low-temperature superheater 9 is sequentially connected to the first-stage water spray desuperheater 22, the medium temperature Superheater 8, secondary water spray desuperheater 23, medium temperature superheating screen 7, tertiary water spray de
  • the bottom of the furnace 2 is provided with an air distribution plate 27 and a water-cooled air chamber 28.
  • the rear wall of the water-cooled air chamber 28 is connected to the ignition device 15 under the bed.
  • the side of the ignition device 15 under the bed is provided with a primary air interface 26, and the primary air passes through the primary air interface 26 in sequence.
  • the ignition device 16 under the bed, the water cooling air chamber 28, and the air distribution plate 27 enter the furnace 2, and the secondary air 32 is arranged in layers on the water cooling wall of the front wall and the water cooling wall of the rear wall of the furnace 2.
  • the working principle is as follows: the boiler feed water enters the drum 1 through the low temperature economizer 11 and the high temperature economizer 10 after being heated by the flue gas, and the boiler water in the drum 1 enters the membrane wall of the furnace 2 through the descending pipe 30, and the furnace The boiler water in the membrane type wall 2 is heated by the flue gas and becomes a soda-water mixture and enters the drum 1.
  • the steam-water separation device divides the soda-water mixture into saturated steam and saturated boiler water, and the saturated boiler water enters the down pipe 30;
  • the steam is introduced into the high-temperature steam-cooling separator 3 through the connecting pipe, and then enters the top of the cladding pipe 5, the membrane wall, the low-temperature superheater 9, the first-stage water spray desuperheater 22, the medium-temperature superheater 8, and the second-stage water spray desuperheater.
  • the superheated steam that reaches the boiler's rated parameters is introduced into the main steam outlet header 25 through the connecting pipe and exported to the boiler, and enters the steam turbine to generate power.
  • the biomass fuel enters the furnace 2 through the feeding device 14, and the fuel and air are mixed and burned in a fluidized state in the furnace 2, and conduct heat exchange with the heating surface of the furnace 2.
  • the flue gas in the furnace 2 (carrying a large amount of unburned fuel) )
  • the upper part of the furnace 2 is further burned to release heat, and the flue gas that leaves the furnace 2 and entrains a large amount of materials passes through the high-temperature steam-cooling separator 3, most of the materials are separated, and returns to the furnace 2 through the material returning device 4 to realize cyclic combustion;
  • the separated flue gas passes through the medium temperature superheater 8, the low temperature superheater 9, the high temperature economizer 10, the low temperature economizer 11, and the air preheater 12 in turn through the turning chamber. After treatment, the flue gas that meets the national emission standards is discharged from the chimney.
  • the middle temperature superheater 8, the low temperature superheater 9, the high temperature economizer 10, and the high temperature bag filter 12 are provided with an ash hopper 29, and the settled ash enters the bottom ash conveying device 31 through the ash hopper 29 and is discharged from the boiler.
  • the slag after the fuel is burned is discharged from the boiler through the slag pipe 16 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine technique des chaudières à lit fluidisé circulant et, en particulier, une chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant pour la combustion de biomasse, une section à haute température d'un surchauffeur n'étant pas sujette à une corrosion à haute température, un surchauffeur à basse température et un économiseur n'étant pas sujets à l'accumulation de cendres en leur sein, un préchauffeur d'air n'étant pas sujet à la corrosion à basse température, la température des gaz d'échappement se situant dans une plage rationnelle et les problèmes de blocage et de défaillance d'un catalyseur RCS étant résolus. La chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant comprend une chambre de combustion, un séparateur à condensation de vapeur et un carneau de queue, une sortie de paroi arrière supérieure de la chambre de combustion étant reliée à une entrée du séparateur à condensation de vapeur ; une sortie de dessus du séparateur à condensation de vapeur étant reliée au carneau de queue ; une sortie de dessous du séparateur à condensation de vapeur étant reliée à la chambre de combustion au moyen d'un dispositif de retour de matière ; un écran contre la surchauffe à haute température et un écran contre la surchauffe à température moyenne étant disposés à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion ; le carneau de queue comprenant un premier carneau horizontal, un second carneau horizontal et un carneau vertical, qui sont disposés dans cet ordre ; et un surchauffeur à température moyenne et le surchauffeur à basse température étant disposés dans cet ordre dans le premier carneau horizontal dans une direction d'écoulement de gaz de carneau et un économiseur à haute température et un collecteur de poussière de type sac à haute température étant disposés dans cet ordre dans le second carneau horizontal dans la direction d'écoulement du gaz de carneau.
PCT/CN2020/112806 2020-08-07 2020-09-01 Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant pour la combustion de biomasse WO2022027755A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010786553.X 2020-08-07
CN202010786553.XA CN111795379A (zh) 2020-08-07 2020-08-07 一种燃用生物质的循环流化床锅炉

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117053185A (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-11-14 西安交通大学 一种循环流化床锅炉压火调峰的改造系统
CN117053185B (zh) * 2023-06-21 2024-04-09 西安交通大学 一种循环流化床锅炉压火调峰的改造系统

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