WO2022021577A1 - Machine-outil d'usinage d'engrenages à commande numérique - Google Patents

Machine-outil d'usinage d'engrenages à commande numérique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021577A1
WO2022021577A1 PCT/CN2020/115934 CN2020115934W WO2022021577A1 WO 2022021577 A1 WO2022021577 A1 WO 2022021577A1 CN 2020115934 W CN2020115934 W CN 2020115934W WO 2022021577 A1 WO2022021577 A1 WO 2022021577A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
vertical beam
vertical
spindle
tool
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/115934
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李长顺
邹文毅
蒋恺
史伟
尚吉顺
周庆华
张春晖
Original Assignee
湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 filed Critical 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
Publication of WO2022021577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021577A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to numerical control processing equipment, in particular to a numerical control gear processing machine tool.
  • a traditional CNC gear machine tool consists of a body 1, a tool axis C axis 2, a tool mounting box 3, a first sliding table 4, a workpiece axis A axis 5, a workpiece mounting box 6, a second sliding table 7 and other components assembled.
  • the machine body 1 includes a machine base 11 and an eccentric gantry 12 located above the machine base.
  • the front of the eccentric gantry 12 forms a first vertical side ⁇ , which is used to install the tool axis C axis 2.
  • the rear extension expands the inner side to form a second vertical side surface ⁇ for mounting the workpiece axis A axis 5 , and the second vertical side surface ⁇ is substantially perpendicular to the first vertical side surface ⁇ in the middle.
  • the first vertical side ⁇ of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a first linear guide 13 along the first direction (ie, the X direction). Driven by the first motor 14 and the screw mechanism, it can move back and forth in the X direction.
  • the tool shaft C axis 2 is installed on the lower end of the tool installation box 3 and can rotate around the axis C.
  • the tool installation box 3 is installed on the first sliding table through bearings. 4. Inside the first sliding table 4 is installed a second motor (not shown in the figure) that can drive the tool mounting box 3 to rotate around the vertical axis.
  • the first vertical side surface ⁇ is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the first motor 14 to accommodate part of the volume of the first motor 14 and reduce the lateral height of the screw mechanism.
  • the second vertical side ⁇ of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a second linear guide 15 along the second direction (ie the Y direction);
  • the second sliding table 7 moves in the direction, the second sliding table 7 is provided with a third linear guide rail 17 along the third direction (ie the Z direction), and the third linear guide rail 17 is equipped with a fourth motor 18 and a lead screw mechanism to drive
  • the lower part of the workpiece mounting box 6 moving in the third direction, the workpiece axis A axis 5 is mounted on the front end of the workpiece mounting box 6 and can rotate around the axis A.
  • the beam of the eccentric gantry 12 also extends a certain distance back, but its extension length is shorter than that of the wider column. 4) a groove for accommodating the third motor 16 is provided, and the lead screw driven by the third motor 16 passes through the beam from the bottom of the groove and cooperates with the nut part.
  • the numerical control gear machine tool with the above structure has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.
  • the vibration of the CNC gear machine tool with the above structure will affect the precision of the gear when the tool rotates at high speed, and even cause the gear to be damaged and scrapped.
  • the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the numerically controlled gear machine tool with the above structure can no longer meet the production requirements.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a numerically controlled gear processing machine tool, which has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool of the embodiment of the present invention it comprises:
  • the bed is provided with a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, and a cross beam erected on the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam;
  • a tool spindle movably mounted on the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam;
  • a workpiece spindle which is movably mounted on one side of the beam, and the side where the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located;
  • the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle are capable of linear movement relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two is capable of angular movement relative to the side on which it rests.
  • the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam, and the length of the lever arm between the tool spindle and the first vertical beam is longer than the lever arm from the tool spindle to the first vertical side ⁇ in the traditional structure
  • the length is greatly reduced and the stability is greatly improved.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. And when it is used for gear grinding, the vibration is greatly weakened, which can effectively ensure the processing accuracy and improve the gear processing quality.
  • a side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first mounting seat that moves along the vertical Y-axis, and the first mounting seat is configured to move along the horizontal Z-axis
  • the tool box body, the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box along the direction parallel to the Z-axis; the cross beam is provided with a first moving along the horizontal X-axis on the side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located.
  • the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis
  • the second mounting seat is provided with a workpiece box that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis, and the workpiece spindle is perpendicular to the The direction of the axis B of the rotation axis is set in the workpiece box.
  • the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle can achieve linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat and the tool box, and the workpiece spindle passes through the workpiece.
  • the box body can realize the rotation around the B axis of the rotary axis. In actual work, it can realize the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or the grinding wheel, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the processing.
  • the length of the first vertical beam along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam, and the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with several bars along the Y-axis A Y-axis guide rail extending in the direction, the Y-axis guide rail is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam or at the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam outside.
  • the first vertical beam is provided with a first driving mechanism for controlling the movement of the first mounting base along the Y-axis direction, and the first driving mechanism is located at a middle position of the beam.
  • a side surface of the first mounting seat close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first recess cavity extending along the Z-axis direction, and the tool box body is partially fitted into the first In the give-away cavity, the second mounting seat is provided with a second give-away cavity extending along the Y-axis direction, the workpiece box is partially fitted into the second give-away cavity, and the first Reinforcing structures are provided in both the escaping cavity and the second escaping cavity.
  • the bed is provided with a base, the horizontal section of the base is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam and the cross beam are all located on the base.
  • the base is provided with a relocation structure below the workpiece box.
  • the beam is provided with a plurality of X-axis guide rails extending along the X-axis direction on a side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located, and the beam is located on the uppermost X-axis guide rail and
  • a second drive mechanism is disposed in the middle position between the X-axis guide rails at the bottom, and the second drive mechanism is used to control the second mounting seat to move on the X-axis guide rails.
  • Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the second structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • the present invention proposes a CNC gear processing machine tool, which includes:
  • the bed 100, the bed 100 is provided with a first vertical beam 101, a second vertical beam 102, and a beam 103 erected on the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102;
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle is movably installed on the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102;
  • the A-axis of the workpiece spindle is movably installed on one side of the beam 103, and the side where the A-axis of the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located;
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can move linearly relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two can move angularly relative to the side on which it is located.
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam 101, and the length of the lever arm between the C-axis of the tool spindle and the first vertical beam 101 is longer than that of the tool in the traditional structure.
  • the length of the moment arm from the axis C axis 2 to the first vertical side ⁇ is greatly reduced, and the stability is greatly improved.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. When used for gear grinding, the vibration of the grinding wheel is greatly weakened when it rotates at high speed, which can effectively ensure the machining accuracy and improve the gear machining quality.
  • the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the vertical Y axis
  • the first mounting seat 301 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the horizontal Z axis
  • the tool box 300, the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box 300 along the direction parallel to the Z-axis
  • the cross beam 103 is provided with a second mounting seat that moves along the horizontal X-axis on the side of the cross beam 103 that is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located 200, the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis
  • the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a workpiece box 203 that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis
  • the workpiece spindle A axis is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis B axis.
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can realize linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat 301, the second mounting seat 200 and the tool box 300, and the workpiece spindle can move in three directions.
  • the A-axis can be rotated around the B-axis of the rotary axis through the workpiece box 203.
  • the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or grinding wheel can be realized to ensure smooth processing.
  • a grinding wheel dresser can be set on the workpiece box 203 to dress the grinding wheel. set up.
  • the length of the first vertical beam 101 along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam 102 , and the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a plurality of vertical beams extending along the Y-axis direction.
  • the Y-axis guide rail 106 is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 or the outside of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 .
  • the second linear guide rails 15 are distributed in the area covered by the uprights of the eccentric gantry 12 , which is difficult to produce and assemble.
  • the Y-axis guide rails 106 are arranged on the first The second vertical beam 102 on a vertical beam 101 is at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101 or at the outer side of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101, which is beneficial to the production and processing of the Y-axis guide rail 106.
  • the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the first mounting seat 301 can also be improved.
  • the Y-axis guide rails 106 are provided in two groups and are respectively located at the front and rear edge regions of the first mounting seat 301 . Obviously, the Y-axis guide rail 106 thus arranged has a larger span than the first mounting seat 301 , which can effectively improve the installation stability of the first mounting seat 301 .
  • the first vertical beam 101 is provided with a first driving mechanism 107 for controlling the movement of the first mounting base 301 on the Y-axis guide rail 106 .
  • the first driving mechanism 107 by arranging the first driving mechanism 107 at the middle position of the beam 103, the beam 103 can be effectively supported by the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102, and the structural stability is strong.
  • the first driving mechanism 107 is distributed in the middle area between the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 to ensure that the friction force between the first mounting seat 301 and the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 is close to or consistent, extending service life.
  • a Z-axis guide rail 303 extending along the Z-axis direction is provided on the side of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 , and the tool box 300 is mounted on the Z-axis guide rail 303 .
  • the Z-axis guide rails 303 are distributed on the upper and lower edge regions of the tool box body 300 to improve the installation stability.
  • the first mounting seat 301 is provided with a third driving mechanism 302 at an intermediate position between the two sets of Z-axis guide rails 303 , and the third driving mechanism 302 is used to control the tool box 300 to move along the Z-axis guide rails 303 .
  • a plurality of X-axis guide rails 201 extending along the X-axis direction are provided on the side of the beam 103 perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located.
  • a second driving mechanism 202 is disposed in the middle position between the lower X-axis guide rails 201 , and the second driving mechanism 202 is used to control the second mounting base 200 to move on the X-axis guide rail 201 .
  • the first driving mechanism 107, the second driving mechanism 202 and the third driving mechanism 302 may adopt a linear motor, a torque motor, a motor screw transmission mechanism, an oil cylinder driving mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, and a crank connecting rod transmission mechanism .
  • One of the worm gear and worm transmission mechanisms is used for driving. Since such mechanisms belong to the prior art, they will not be described in detail here.
  • the side surface of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first recess extending along the Z-axis direction.
  • Positioning cavity, the tool box 300 is partially allocated into the first yielding cavity
  • the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a second yielding cavity extending along the Y-axis direction
  • the workpiece box 203 is partially fitted into the second yielding cavity.
  • the first and second displacement concave cavity are provided with reinforcing structures.
  • the CNC gear processing machine tool set with the above structure can reduce the distance between the center of gravity of the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box body 300 through the first recess cavity, and reduce the distance between the second mounting seat 200 and the workpiece box through the second recess cavity.
  • the distance of the center of gravity of the body 203 is reduced, thereby reducing the arm length of the workpiece spindle A axis and the tool spindle C axis relative to the bed 100, improving the structural stability, and further improving the control accuracy of gear machining.
  • the arrangement of the recessed cavity is beneficial to reduce the weight of the whole machine tool, and has higher structural strength than the structure of the second sliding table 7 and the first sliding table 4 in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4 . Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the arrangement of the reinforcement structure can be used to improve the strength and rigidity between the two sets of guide rails.
  • the reinforcing structure in this embodiment can be flexibly set according to the actual product size and shape, for example, a form of layout in the form of a flexible combination of reinforcing ribs and reinforcing rib plates, which will not be described too much here.
  • the bed 100 is provided with a base 104 , the horizontal section of the base 104 is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam 101 , the second vertical beam 102 and the cross beam 103 are all located on the base 104 .
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in this embodiment increases the area of the base 104, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the machine tool.
  • the base 104 is located below the workpiece box 203 A bypass structure 105 is provided.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used as both a numerical control gear milling machine and a numerical control gear grinding machine, and has a wide range of applications.
  • the overall size of the first vertical beam 101 is larger than that of the second vertical beam 102, which can provide sufficient support for the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box 300, and at the same time combine the beam 103 and the second vertical beam 102 to fully offset the tool spindle
  • the overall layout and structure are more reasonable than the traditional structure, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the machine tool and improve the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the whole machine.
  • the test shows that the vibration of each component is smaller than that of the traditional structure at high speed, which helps to improve the machining quality of the gear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une machine-outil d'usinage d'engrenages à commande numérique comprenant : un corps d'outil (100), qui est pourvu d'une première poutre verticale (101), d'une seconde poutre verticale (102) et d'une traverse (103) disposées de manière dressée sur celui-ci ; une broche d'outil (C), qui est montée mobile sur une surface latérale de la première poutre verticale (101) à proximité de la seconde poutre verticale (102) ; et une broche porte-pièce (A), qui est montée mobile sur une surface latérale de la traverse (103), la surface latérale dans laquelle est située la broche porte-pièce (A) étant perpendiculaire à la surface latérale dans laquelle se trouve la broche porte-outil (C). Dans la machine-outil d'usinage d'engrenages à commande numérique, la broche porte-outil (C) est disposée sur un côté interne de la première broche verticale (101), et la longueur du bras de force entre la broche d'outil (C) et la première broche verticale (101) est inférieure à la longueur du bras de force entre une broche d'outil et une surface latérale verticale α dans une structure classique, et la stabilité est supérieure. Lorsque la machine-outil est utilisée pour rectifier les dentures d'engrenages, les vibrations sont affaiblies, la précision d'usinage peut être garantie de manière efficace, et la qualité d'usinage d'engrenages est améliorée.
PCT/CN2020/115934 2020-07-29 2020-09-17 Machine-outil d'usinage d'engrenages à commande numérique WO2022021577A1 (fr)

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CN202010741712.4 2020-07-29
CN202010741712.4A CN111975135A (zh) 2020-07-29 2020-07-29 一种数控齿轮加工机床

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CN115179097A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-10-14 浙江亚微精密机床有限公司 一种可有效降低加工导轨震动的加工设备

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CN113798604B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-12-13 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 一种数控机床

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CN115179097B (zh) * 2022-07-28 2024-03-29 浙江亚微精密机床有限公司 一种可有效降低加工导轨震动的加工设备

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