WO2022021069A1 - 一种植被养护系统 - Google Patents

一种植被养护系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021069A1
WO2022021069A1 PCT/CN2020/105206 CN2020105206W WO2022021069A1 WO 2022021069 A1 WO2022021069 A1 WO 2022021069A1 CN 2020105206 W CN2020105206 W CN 2020105206W WO 2022021069 A1 WO2022021069 A1 WO 2022021069A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
water
vegetation
maintenance system
permeable
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PCT/CN2020/105206
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
理查兹·欧文·伊曼纽尔
韩春俏
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韩春俏
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Publication date
Application filed by 韩春俏 filed Critical 韩春俏
Priority to EP20946734.9A priority Critical patent/EP4190972A4/en
Priority to AU2020461178A priority patent/AU2020461178A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/105206 priority patent/WO2022021069A1/zh
Publication of WO2022021069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021069A1/zh
Priority to US18/158,968 priority patent/US20230157219A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
    • E03F1/005—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells via box-shaped elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E01C11/221—Kerbs or like edging members, e.g. flush kerbs, shoulder retaining means ; Joint members, connecting or load-transfer means specially for kerbs
    • E01C11/223—Kerb-and-gutter structures; Kerbs with drainage openings channel or conduits, e.g. with out- or inlets, with integral gutter or with channel formed into the kerb ; Kerbs adapted to house cables or pipes, or to form conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
    • E01C9/004—Pavings specially adapted for allowing vegetation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of urban vegetation maintenance, in particular to a vegetation maintenance system.
  • the artificially planted vegetation on the roadside is planted between the impervious surfaces.
  • the vegetation is planted shallowly, and the soil will also use the hard soil after engineering pressing, which makes the roots and stems of the vegetation wrap. Formed into a ball, it cannot naturally extend in depth, and the water, oxygen, and nutrients in the soil are also greatly reduced. Therefore, vegetation, especially large trees, cannot grow healthily at all.
  • the current urban rainwater receiving, storage, and reuse system uses pipes from the top of buildings, building exterior walls, road surfaces, etc., to introduce rainwater into storage equipment for future reuse.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a vegetation maintenance system, which completely simulates the natural mode of "natural rainfall, nourishing plants from top to bottom", which ensures the healthy growth of plants in an urban environment, and at the same time, can make full use of rainwater for vegetation. Irrigation can reduce labor costs, and can also effectively prevent the occurrence of road surface water and flood disasters.
  • the application provides a vegetation maintenance system, which includes:
  • water permeable road teeth the water permeable road teeth are arranged on at least one side of the road along the direction of the road;
  • the water-guiding layer is located on the side of the water-permeable road teeth, and is arranged close to the bottom of the water-permeable road teeth;
  • the water storage layer is arranged on the side of the water diversion layer away from the road surface, and is used for water storage;
  • the nutrient layer is arranged on the side of the water storage layer away from the water diversion layer, and is used to provide the vegetation with water, soil and nutrients required for growth;
  • a vegetation planting groove which penetrates through the water diversion layer and the water storage layer, and is embedded in the nutrient layer, is used for planting vegetation.
  • the water storage layer includes a first frame body and a semi-permeable layer through which water supply can freely pass, the semi-permeable layer is arranged around the first frame body and the surface of the first frame body away from the water diversion layer, and the The semi-permeable layer allows water to penetrate slowly.
  • the nutrient layer includes a second frame body, soil and nutrients filling the second frame body.
  • the vegetation maintenance system further includes an artificial pavement, and the artificial pavement is located on the side of the water diversion layer away from the water storage layer.
  • the vegetation maintenance system further includes a first support layer, the first support layer has water permeability, the first support layer is located between the water diversion layer and the artificial road, and is planted around the vegetation around the groove.
  • the permeable teeth are made of permeable concrete, and the permeable teeth are provided with mutually penetrating holes for connecting the water diversion layer and the road.
  • the vegetation maintenance system further includes a water blocking member, and the water blocking member is disposed on the surface of the water permeable teeth facing away from the road surface.
  • the vegetation maintenance system further includes a spacer, and the spacer is provided at the connection between the water diversion layer, the water storage layer and the vegetation planting tank.
  • the vegetation planting tank further includes a second support layer, and the second support layer is disposed on the side of the nutrient layer away from the water storage layer.
  • a second support layer is provided on the side of the storage layer away from the water diversion layer.
  • the vegetation maintenance system further includes a protective layer, the protective layer is arranged around the water storage layer and the nutrient layer, and is located between the second support layer and the water diversion layer.
  • the vegetation maintenance system of the present application is set adjacent to the impervious pavement on the roadside.
  • the rainwater is quickly penetrated into the water diversion layer by the permeable road teeth, and then introduced into the water storage layer for storage, so that when it does not rain, the storage layer It can still provide the water needed for the growth of the vegetation in the vegetation planting groove, reduce the number of watering of the vegetation or even do not need to perform artificial watering at all, and reduce the labor cost.
  • it can also clear the accumulated water on the impervious road in time to prevent the water on the impervious road when it rains, which will affect the passage of vehicles.
  • Fig. 1 is the top view partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the vegetation conservation system of an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the vegetation maintenance system of the embodiment of Fig. 1 of the present application along the A-A direction;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water storage layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutrient layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the water-permeable road teeth 10 are arranged on at least one side of the road along the direction of the road, and the water-permeable road teeth 10 can continuously permeate water in all directions;
  • Water diversion layer 30 the water diversion layer 30 is located on the side of the permeable road teeth 10, and is arranged near the bottom of the water permeable road teeth 10; it is used to introduce the water of roads and pavements into the following water storage layer 50 for storage.
  • the water diversion layer 30 can be made of recyclable recycled engineering plastics.
  • the water diversion layer 30 can include 90% recycled polypropylene, the surface void rate can reach 90%, and the inner body void ratio can reach 95%, which is tough and firm.
  • the vehicle pressure bearing capacity is greater than 235 tons / square meter.
  • the water storage layer 50 is arranged on the side of the water diversion layer 30 away from the road surface, and is used for water storage;
  • a nutrient layer 70, the nutrient layer 70 is provided on the side of the water storage layer 50 away from the water diversion layer 30, and is used to provide the vegetation with water, soil and nutrients required for growth;
  • the vegetation planting tank 90 runs through the water diversion layer 30 and the water storage layer 50, and is embedded in the nutrient layer 70 for planting vegetation;
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the present application is arranged adjacent to a road, and road water, such as rainwater, is quickly penetrated into the water diversion layer 30 by the permeable road teeth 10, and then the water diversion layer 30 is introduced into the water storage layer 50 for storage, so that when it does not rain, the water storage layer 50 can still provide the water needed for the growth of the vegetation in the vegetation planting groove 90 , reduce the number of watering of the vegetation and even do not need to perform artificial watering at all, thereby reducing labor costs.
  • it can also dredge the accumulated water on the road surface in time to prevent the road surface from flooding when it rains, which will affect the passage of vehicles.
  • the water storage layer 50 of the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the present application is arranged above the nutrient layer 70, and the vegetation planting groove 90 runs through the water storage layer 50 and is embedded in the nutrient layer 70.
  • the vegetation When planting vegetation, especially large trees, the vegetation The entire rhizome (the upper and lower parts of the rhizome) is wrapped in a mass from top to bottom by the water, soil and nutrients in the nutrient layer, and the rhizome can fully absorb the required nutrients and thrive.
  • permeable groves 10 are usually provided on both sides of the road, and the permeable groves 10 are set as a permeable structure, which can quickly penetrate the rainwater directly into the water diversion layer 30, and then introduce it into the water storage layer 50 for storage.
  • Luya also known as "Street Edge”
  • the permeable curbs 10 are made of permeable concrete mixed with permeable cement and sand and gravel, and the permeable curbs 10 are provided with mutually penetrating holes for connecting the water diversion layer 30 and the road, so that the When the road accumulates water, the road water is quickly introduced into the water storage layer 50 through the water diversion layer 30 .
  • the hole characteristics of permeable concrete can ensure the hardness and strength, and at the same time have strong water permeability, even if a heavy rain occurs, it can quickly pass through the permeable road teeth 10, enter the water diversion layer 30, and then quickly enter the water storage layer 50, effectively preventing The occurrence of road surface water or flood disasters.
  • Permeable cement refers to a new type of cement formed by finely adjusting the composition ratio of water and gel materials. Unlike traditional cement, permeable cement contains only a small amount of sand, or even no sand at all. Specifically, the water-permeable teeth 10 of the present application have strong water-permeability while ensuring hardness and strength, with a void rate of 15%-25%, and a water-permeability rate of 125L/m 2 -330L/m 2 per minute.
  • the thickness of the water permeable teeth 10 is 50mm-300mm, for example: 50mm, 80mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 280mm, 300mm and the like.
  • the height of the permeable teeth 10 is 50mm-500mm, for example: 50mm, 80mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 280mm, 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, 450mm, 500mm, etc.
  • the water diversion layer 30 can be a water diversion structure made of recyclable recycled engineering materials, for example, including 90% recycled polypropylene, the surface void ratio of the water diversion layer 10 is 90%, and the internal void ratio is 95%. %, the vehicle pressure bearing capacity is greater than 235 tons/square meter.
  • the water diversion layer 30 can be composed of a plurality of water diversion structures, the height of a single water diversion structure 30 is 40mm-60mm, for example: 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 52mm, 55mm, 58mm, 60mm, etc.; the length is 450mm-600mm, for example: 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 520mm, 550mm, 580mm, 600mm, etc;
  • the water storage layer 50 can be a water storage structure made of recyclable recycled engineering materials, for example, including 85% recycled polypropylene (recycled polypropylene) with a void ratio of 95%; more specifically, the water storage layer 50 It can be a water storage frame, the side of the water storage frame adjacent to the water diversion layer 30 can pass a large amount of rainwater, the surface of the water storage frame adjacent to the nutrient layer 70 and the vegetation planting groove 90 is semi-permeable, and the water stored in the water storage frame, Moisture can be provided to the vegetation in the vegetation planting groove 90 through the side of the water storage frame (adjacent to the surface of the vegetation planting groove 90 ) slowly, or slowly through the bottom of the water storage frame (the surface adjacent to the nutrient layer 70 ) to enter the nutrient layer 70 , and then enter the vegetation planting tank 90 to provide water for the vegetation in the vegetation planting tank 90 .
  • the nutrients in the nutrient layer 70 can be better transported to the vegetation planting tank 90 to provide nutrients for the
  • the water storage layer 50 includes a first frame body 51 through which water freely passes and a semi-permeable layer 53 , and the semi-permeable layer 53 surrounds the first frame body 51 and all the
  • the first frame body 51 is arranged away from the surface of the water diversion layer 30, and the semi-permeable layer 53 can slowly penetrate water, so that the water of the water storage layer 50 slowly penetrates into the nutrient layer 70 and the vegetation planting groove 90 to supply vegetation growth. required moisture.
  • the first frame body 51 may be made of, but not limited to, a material with relatively high hardness such as polypropylene.
  • the semi-permeable layer 53 can be, but not limited to, a semi-permeable engineering cloth.
  • the first frame body 51 may include a plurality of first sub-frame bodies, and the plurality of first sub-frame bodies are stacked and/or side by side to form a first frame Therefore, the size of the water storage layer 50 can be adjusted according to the size of the vegetation growing system 100 .
  • the height of each first sub-frame is 400mm-500mm, for example: 400mm, 420mm, 440mm, 460mm, 480mm, 500mm, etc.; the length is 650mm-800mm, for example: 650mm, 680mm, 700mm, 720mm , 750mm, 780mm, 800mm, etc.; the width is 350mm-450mm, for example: 350mm, 380mm, 400mm, 420mm, 440mm, 450mm, etc.; the bearing capacity is greater than 24.2 tons/square meter.
  • the height of the first sub-frame is 440 mm, the length is 715 mm, and the width is 400 mm, and can accommodate 120 liters of water.
  • the nutrient layer 70 includes a second frame body 71 , soil and nutrients 73 filling the second frame body 71 .
  • Nutrients include, but are not limited to, nutrients such as nutrient soil and fertilizers required for vegetation growth.
  • the second frame body 71 includes 85% recycled polypropylene (recycled polypropylene), the void ratio is greater than 95%, the toughness is firm, and the vehicle pressure bearing capacity is greater than 65 tons/square meter.
  • the nutrient layer 70 provides nutrients and water for the vegetation, It can minimize the number of artificial watering of vegetation, even without artificial watering, reduce labor costs, and at the same time improve the survival rate and lifespan of trees along the street.
  • the second frame body 71 may include a plurality of second sub-frame bodies, and the plurality of second sub-frame bodies are stacked and/or side by side to form the second frame body 71, so that the size of the nutrient layer 70 can be adjusted according to the size of the vegetation growing system 100 .
  • the height of each second sub-frame is 300mm-450mm, such as: 300mm, 350mm, 380mm, 400mm, 420mm, 450mm, etc.; the length is 550mm-750mm, such as: 550mm, 580mm, 600mm, 620mm , 650mm, 680mm, 700mm, 750mm, etc.; the width is 550mm-750mm, for example: 550mm, 580mm, 600mm, 620mm, 650mm, 680mm, 700mm, 750mm, etc.
  • the height of the first sub-frame is 360 mm, the length is 600 mm, and the width is 600 mm.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 described in the present application further includes an artificial road surface 20 , and the artificial road surface 20 is located on the side of the water diversion layer 30 away from the water storage layer 50 .
  • the artificial pavement 20 may be a pavement surface, and the water diversion layer 30 and the water storage layer 50 are arranged below the artificial pavement 20 , and no additional pavement space is required to set the water diversion layer 30 and the water storage layer 50 .
  • the artificial pavement may be located on one side of the vegetation planting tank 90, or on both sides of the vegetation planting tank 90, or around the prepared planting tank 30.
  • the thickness of the artificial road surface 20 is 50mm-300mm, for example: 50mm, 70mm, 90mm, 10mm, 120mm, 150mm, 180mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm and so on.
  • the artificial pavement 20 can be a permeable pavement, such as bricks arranged in an array with certain gaps in the middle.
  • the use of the permeable pavement can make full use of the rainwater of the artificial pavement 20 falling into the water, and also allow the rainwater to better penetrate into the artificial pavement 20 .
  • the water storage layer 50 and, in addition, the artificial road surface 20 may also have the same structure as the water permeable teeth 10 .
  • the artificial pavement 20 may be an impermeable pavement, such as concrete, which makes the pavement stronger and more durable.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 described in the embodiments of the present application further includes a first support layer 40, the first support layer 40 has water permeability, and the first support layer 40 is located in the water diversion Between the layer 30 and the artificial pavement 20 , and around the circumference of the vegetation planting groove 90 .
  • the first support layer 40 can be, but is not limited to, a backfill layer such as gravel or sand, which can better integrate man-made structures (buildings, bridges, roads, etc.) into the native soil environment.
  • the first support layer 40 can not only prevent the artificial pavement 20 from being squeezed and stepped on by vehicles and pedestrians for a long time and cause the pavement to sag and damage the artificial pavement 20, but also can allow rainwater to permeate and flow into the water diversion layer 30, and finally enter the water storage layer 50 for storage.
  • the thickness of the first support layer 40 is 300mm-600mm, for example: 300mm, 350mm, 380mm, 400mm, 420mm, 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 520mm, 550mm, 580mm, 600mm and the like.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the embodiment of the present application further includes a water blocking member 101, the water blocking member 101 is impermeable to water, and the water blocking member 101 is arranged on the surface of the water permeable road teeth 10 away from the road surface, in addition,
  • the water barrier 101 also covers part of the surface of the water-guiding layer 30 facing away from the road surface.
  • the water barrier 101 also covers the surface of the water permeable curb 10 in contact with the road to prevent water from penetrating to the other side of the road.
  • the water barrier 101 is arranged below the permeable teeth 10, so that the accumulated water on the impermeable road can better pass through the permeable teeth 10 into the water-guiding layer 30, and then penetrate into the water storage layer 50 for storage.
  • the thickness of the water barrier 101 is 5mm-20mm, for example: 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the present application further includes a spacer 60, and the spacer 60 is disposed on the water diversion layer 30, the water storage layer 50 and the vegetation planting groove 90 connection.
  • the spacer 60 may be a reinforced concrete, a cement structure or other water-impermeable structures.
  • the spacer 60 is like a fence when building a house, providing a safe and stable space for plants to grow. It can prevent the roots of the vegetation in the shallow layer of the vegetation planting groove 90 from extending to the water diversion layer 30 and the water storage layer 50 , and damage the artificial road 20 provided above the water diversion layer 30 .
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 of the present application further includes a second support layer 80 , and the second support layer 80 is disposed on the side of the nutrient layer 70 away from the water storage layer 50 .
  • the second support layer 80 can be, but is not limited to, a backfill layer such as a gravel layer or sandstone, which can allow man-made structures (eg, buildings, bridges, roads, etc.) to better integrate into the native soil environment.
  • the second support layer 80 is used to support the nutrient layer 70, and can also isolate the nutrient layer 70 from the deep underground, so that the nutrient layer 70 has a better ability to store water and nutrients.
  • the thickness of the second support layer 60 is 300mm-600mm, for example: 300mm, 350mm, 380mm, 400mm, 420mm, 450mm, 480mm, 500mm, 520mm, 550mm, 580mm, 600mm and the like.
  • the vegetation maintenance system 100 described in the embodiments of the present application further includes a protective layer 105, the protective layer 105 is disposed around the water storage layer 50 and the nutrient layer 70, and is located in the second between the support layer 80 and the water diversion layer 30 .
  • the protective layer 105 can be, but is not limited to, a sand layer.
  • the protective layer 105 can prevent the water and nutrients from the water storage layer 50 and the nutrient layer 70 from seeping out, and increase the storage time of water and nutrients in the water storage layer 50 and the nutrient layer 70 , and also allow man-made structures (such as buildings, bridges, roads, etc.) to better integrate into the native soil environment.

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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract

一种植被养护系统，包括透水路牙（10），透水路牙（10）沿道路方向设置于道路的至少一侧；引水层（30），所述引水层（30）位于所述透水路牙（10）的侧面，且靠近所述透水路牙（10）的底部设置；储水层（50），所述储水层（50）设于所述引水层（30）背离路面的一侧，用于储水；营养层（70），所述营养层（70）设于所述储水层（50）背离所述引水层（30）的一侧，用于为所述植被提供生长所需要的水分，土壤和养分；植被种植槽（90），所述植被种植槽（90）贯穿所述引水层（30）、储水层（50），并嵌入所述营养层（70）设置，用于种植植被；该植被养护系统完全模拟"自然降雨，从上至下滋养植物"的自然模式，保证了城市环境下植物的健康成长，同时，充分利用雨水为植被灌溉，降低人工成本，还可以有效防止路面积水及洪涝灾害的发生。

Description

一种植被养护系统 技术领域
本申请涉及一种城市植被养护领域，具体涉及一种植被养护系统。
背景技术
自然界的水循环中，雨水落地，会直接自然下渗进土壤，而吸收雨水后的土壤，松软，含氧量高，与土壤中的其它养分共同作用，植物茁壮成长。现代城市开发中，大量的土地，被覆盖了不透水的表层(例如：柏油道路、水泥路、钢筋水泥桥梁、建筑物等)。雨水落地后，只能通过人工铺设的地下排水网管系统，全部引流到其它区域，降雨区域的自然水循环，遭到破坏和中断。
城市开发中，路边人工种植的植被种植在不透水的地表之间，出于建筑物安全的考虑，植被种植较浅，且土壤也会使用工程压制后的硬土，这使得植被的根茎裹成一团，无法自然纵深伸展，且土壤中的水分，氧气，营养成分也大量减少，因此，植被，尤其是大棵树木类，根本无法健康生长。
目前的城市雨水接收，储存，再利用系统，从建筑物的顶部、建筑物外墙、路面等通过管道，将雨水引入存储设备后，用于将来的再利用。
城市下雨之后，自然水循环无法进行，只能依赖人工的下水道排水；大部分城市的下水道设施老旧，规模不够，遇到大暴雨，涝灾严重。路边人工种植的植被，尤其是大棵树木类，需要人定期人工灌溉和土壤维护，很多还需要人工加固，费时费力费钱费水，树木死亡率高，效率低下。
申请内容
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种植被养护系统，其完全模拟“自然降雨，从上至下滋养植物”的自然模式，保证了城市环境下植物的健康成长，同时， 可以充分利用雨水为植被灌溉，降低人工成本，还可以有效防止路面积水及洪涝灾害的发生。
本申请提供一种植被养护系统，其包括：
透水路牙，所述透水路牙沿道路方向设置于道路的至少一侧；
引水层，所述引水层位于所述透水路牙的侧面，且靠近所述透水路牙的底部设置；
储水层，所述储水层设于所述引水层背离路面的一侧，用于储水；
营养层，所述营养层设于所述储水层背离所述引水层的一侧，用于为所述植被提供生长所需要的水分，土壤和养分；
植被种植槽，所述植被种植槽贯穿所述引水层、所述储水层，并嵌入所述营养层设置，用于种植植被。
进一步地，所述储水层包括供水自由通过的第一框体及半透水层，所述半透水层环绕所述第一框体及所述第一框体背离引水层的表面设置，所述半透水层可使水缓慢渗透。
进一步地，所述营养层包括第二框体、填充所述第二框体的土壤及养料。
进一步地，所述植被养护系统还包括人造路面，所述人造路面位于所述引水层背离所述储水层的一侧。
进一步地，所述植被养护系统还包括第一支撑层，所述第一支撑层具有透水性，所述第一支撑层位于所述引水层和所述人造路面之间，且环绕所述植被种植槽的四周。
进一步地，所述透水路牙为透水混凝土制成，所述透水路牙设有相互贯通的孔洞，用于连通所述引水层和所述道路。
进一步地，所述植被养护系统还包括隔水件，所述隔水件设置于所述透水路牙背离所述路面的表面。
进一步地，述植被养护系统还包括隔离件，所述隔离件设在所述引水层、所述储水层与所述植被种植槽的连接处。
进一步地，所述植被种植槽还包括第二支撑层，所述第二支撑层设置在所述营养层背离所述储水层的一侧。
进一步地，所述存储层背离所述引水层的一侧设有第二支撑层。
进一步地，所述植被养护系统还包括防护层，所述防护层环绕所述储水层和营养层设置，且位于所述第二支撑层和所述引水层之间。
由此，本申请的植被养护系统邻近路边的不透水路面设置，下雨时，雨水由透水路牙，快速透入引水层，然后引入储水层进行存储，以在不下雨时，存储层仍能为植被种植槽内的植被提供生长所需的水分，降低植被的浇灌次数甚至完全不需要进行人工浇灌，降低人工成本。此外，还可以及时疏通不透水路面的积水，防止下雨时不透水路面积水，影响车辆通行，当遇到大暴雨时，还可以及时疏通不透水路面的积水，防止洪涝灾害的发生。
附图说明
为更清楚地阐述本申请的构造特征和功效，下面结合附图与具体实施例来对其进行详细说明。
图1是本申请一实施例的植被养护系统的俯视局部剖视结构示意图；
图2是本申请图1实施例的植被养护系统沿A-A方向的剖视结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的储水层的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的营养层的结构示意图。
具体实施例
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本申请保护的范围。
请参见图1和图2，本申请实施例的植被养护系统100包括：
透水路牙10，透水路牙10沿道路方向设置于道路的至少一侧，该透水路牙10，可以全程全方位持续透水；
引水层30，所述引水层30位于所述透水路牙10的侧面，且靠近所述透水路牙10的底部设置；用于将道路和路面的水引入下述储水层50进行储备。引水层30可以由可循环利用再生工程塑料制得，例如引水层30可以包括90％再生聚丙烯(recycled polypropylene)，其表面空洞率可达90％，内体空洞率可达95％，坚韧牢固，车压承重能力大于235吨/平方米。
储水层50，所述储水层50设于所述引水层30背离路面的一侧，用于储水；
营养层70，所述营养层70设于所述储水层50背离所述引水层30的一侧，用于为所述植被提供生长所需要的水分，土壤和养分；
植被种植槽90，所述植被种植槽90贯穿所述引水层30、储水层50，并嵌入所述营养层70设置，用于种植植被；
本申请的植被养护系统100邻近道路设置，道路积水例如雨水由透水路牙10，快速透入引水层30，然后引水层30引入储水层50进行存储，以在不下雨时，储水层50仍能为植被种植槽90内的植被提供生长所需的水分，降低植被的浇灌次数甚至完全不需要进行人工浇灌，降低人工成本。此外，还可以及时疏通道路路面的积水，防止下雨时路面积水，影响车辆通行，当遇到大暴雨时，还可以及时疏通路面的积水，防止洪涝灾害的发生。再者，本申请植被养护系统100的储水层50设置在营养层70上方，植被种植槽90贯穿所述储水 层50，且嵌入所述营养层70，种植植被特别是大树时，植被的整个根茎(根茎上部和下部)，是被营养层里面的水，土壤，营养成分，由上而下团状包裹，根茎可以充分吸收所需营养物质，茁壮成长。
具体地，为了安全，道路两旁通常设置透水路牙10，而将透水路牙10设置为透水结构，可以将降雨快速，直接透入引水层30，然后引入储水层50进行存储。路牙又称“上街沿”，常设于人行道与车道的交界处，或者人行道与绿化带的交界处。可选地，透水路牙10由透水水泥和砂石等混合的透水混凝土制成，所述透水路牙10设有相互贯通的孔洞，用于连通所述引水层30和所述道路，以在道路积水时，将道路的水通过引水层30快速引入储水层50。透水混凝土的孔洞特性，可以在保证硬度和强度的同时，具有强大的透水能力，即使是发生大暴雨，都可以快速经过透水路牙10，进入引水层30，随即快速进入储水层50，有效防止路面积水或者洪涝灾害的产生。透水水泥，指通过精细调整水和凝胶材料的成分比例，形成的一种新型水泥。跟传统水泥不同，透水水泥中只含有少量的砂，甚至完全无砂。具体地，本申请的透水路牙10在保证硬度和强度的同时，具有强大的透水能力，其空洞率为15％-25％，每分钟的透水率为125L/m 2–330L/m 2。
在一些实施例中，透水路牙10的厚度为50mm-300mm，例如：50mm、80mm、100mm、150mm、200mm、250mm、280mm、300mm等。透水路牙10的高度为50mm-500mm，例如：50mm、80mm、100mm、150mm、200mm、250mm、280mm、300mm、350mm、400mm、450mm、500mm等。
可选地，引水层30可以为由可循环利用再生工程材料制得引水结构，例如包括90％的再生聚丙烯(recycled polypropylene)，引水层10的表面空洞率为90％，内部空洞率为95％，车压承重能力大于235吨/平方米。引水层30可以由多个引水结构组成，单个引水结构的30的高度为40mm-60mm，例如： 40mm、45mm、50mm、52mm、55mm、58mm、60mm等；长度为450mm-600mm，例如：450mm、480mm、500mm、520mm、550mm、580mm、600mm等；宽度为500mm-700mm，例如：500mm、520mm、550mm、600mm、630mm、670mm、700mm等。
可选地，储水层50可以为由可循环利用再生工程材料制得储水结构，例如包括85％的再生聚丙烯(recycled polypropylene)，空洞率为95％；更具体地，储水层50可以为蓄水框，该蓄水框邻近引水层30的一侧可供大量的雨水通过，蓄水框邻近营养层70和植被种植槽90的表面具有半透水性，蓄水框存储的水，可以缓慢透过蓄水框的侧面(邻近植被种植槽90的表面)为植被种植槽90的植被提供水分，或者缓慢透过蓄水框的底部(邻近营养层70的表面)，进入营养层70，再进入植被种植槽90，为植被种植槽90的植被提供水分，此外，还可以更好的将营养层70的养分更好的输送至植被种植槽90，为植被提供养分。
请参见图3，在一具体实施例中，所述储水层50包括供水自由通过的第一框体51及半透水层53，所述半透水层53环绕所述第一框体51及所述第一框体51背离引水层30的表面设置，所述半透水层53可使水缓慢渗透，以使储水层50的水缓慢渗透到营养层70和植被种植槽90，以供给植被生长所需的水分。第一框体51可以由但不限于由聚丙烯等硬度较大的材料制得。半透水层53可以为但不限于为半透水的工程布。这样使得储水层50的结构更简单，更容易制备，降低制备成本，第一框体51可以包括多个第一子框体，多个第一子框体堆叠和/或并排组成第一框体，这样可以根据植被养植系统100的大小调整储水层50的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，每个第一子框体的高度为400mm-500mm，例如：400mm、420mm、440mm、460mm、480mm、500mm等；长度为650mm-800mm，例如：650mm、680mm、700mm、720mm、750mm、780mm、800mm等；宽度为350mm-450mm，例如： 350mm、380mm、400mm、420mm、440mm、450mm等；承重能力大于24.2吨/平方米。在一具体实施例中，第一子框体的高度为440mm，长度为715mm,宽度为400mm，可以容纳120升的水。
请参见图4，具体地，在一些实施例中，所述营养层70包括第二框体71、填充所述第二框体71的土壤及养料73。养料包括但不限于包括营养土、植被生长所需的肥料等养分。第二框体71包括85％的再生聚丙烯(recycled polypropylene)，空洞率大于95％，坚韧牢固、车压承重能力大于65吨/平方米。
下雨时，通过储水层50大量储备水，在不降雨时，储水层50储备的水缓慢释放，为植被种植槽90的植被提供水分，同时通过营养层70为植被提供养分和水分，可以最大限度的减少植被人工浇灌的次数，甚至不用进行人工浇灌，降低人工成本，同时还可以提高提高沿街大树的存活率和寿命。
第二框体71可以包括多个第二子框体，多个第二子框体堆叠和/或并排组成第二框体71，这样可以根据植被养植系统100的大小调整营养层70的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，每个第二子框体的高度为300mm-450mm，例如：300mm、350mm、380mm、400mm、420mm、450mm等；长度为550mm-750mm，例如：550mm、580mm、600mm、620mm、650mm、680mm、700mm、750mm等；宽度为550mm-750mm，例如：550mm、580mm、600mm、620mm、650mm、680mm、700mm、750mm等。在一具体实施例中，第一子框体的高度为360mm，长度为600mm,宽度为600mm。
请再次参见图2，在一些实施例中，本申请所述植被养护系统100还包括人造路面20，所述人造路面20位于所述引水层30背离所述储水层50的一侧。具体地，人造路面20可以为人行道路面，引水层30和储水层50设置在人造路面20的下方，既不需要额外的路面空间设置引水层30和储水层50。在一些实施例中，人造路面可以位于植被种植槽90的一侧，或者位于植被种植槽 90的两侧，或者位于制备种植槽30的四周。具体地，人造路面20的厚度为50mm-300mm，例如：50mm、70mm、90mm、10mm、120mm、150mm、180mm、200mm、250mm、300mm等。
在一些实施例中，人造路面20可以为透水路面，例如阵列排布且中间具有一定缝隙的砖块，采用透水路面可以充分利用落水人造路面20的雨水，还能使雨水可以更好的渗透进入储水层50，此外，人造路面20还可以和透水路牙10具有相同结构。
在另一些实施例中，人造路面20可以为不透水路面，例如混凝土，不透水路面使得路面更牢固、耐用。
可选地，在一些实施例中，本申请实施例所述植被养护系统100还包括第一支撑层40，所述第一支撑层40具有透水性，所述第一支撑层40位于所述引水层30和所述人造路面20之间，且环绕植被种植槽90的四周。具体地，第一支撑层40可以为但不限于为碎石或砂石等回填材料(Backfill)层，其可以让人造结构(建筑物桥梁路等)，更好地融入原生土质环境。第一支撑层40既可以防止人造路面20被车辆和行人长时间挤压、踩踏造成的路面下陷，破坏人造路面20，又可以使雨水透过，流入引水层30，最终进入储水层50存储。具体地，第一支撑层40的厚度为300mm-600mm，例如：300mm、350mm、380mm、400mm、420mm、450mm、480mm、500mm、520mm、550mm、580mm、600mm等。
可选地，在一些实施例中，本申请实施例的植被养护系统100还包括隔水件101，隔水件101不透水，隔水件101设置于透水路牙10背离路面的表面，此外，隔水件101还覆盖部分引水层30背离路面的表面。在一些实施例中，隔水件101还覆盖透水路牙10与道路接触的表面，以避免水下渗到道路另一侧。在透水路牙10的下面设置隔水件101，可以使不透水路面的积水可以更 好的穿过透水路牙10进入引水层30，进而渗入储水层50进行存储。隔水件101的厚度为5mm-20mm,例如：5mm、8mm、10mm、12mm、15mm、18mm、20mm。
请再次参见图2，可选地，在一些实施例中，本申请的植被养护系统100还包括隔离件60，隔离件60设置在所述引水层30、储水层50与所述植被种植槽90的连接处。具体地，隔离件60可以为钢筋混凝土、水泥结构或者其他不透水结构。隔离件60就像建造房屋时的围墙，给植物生长提供了安全稳固的空间。可以防止植被种植槽90浅层的植被根部向引水层30和储水层50伸展，破坏设于所述引水层30上方的人造路面20。
可选地，在一些实施例中，本申请的植被养护系统100还包括第二支撑层80，第二支撑层80设置在所述营养层70背离所述储水层50的一侧。具体地，第二支撑层80可以为但不限于为碎石层或砂石等回填材料(Backfill)层，其可以让人造结构(例如建筑物桥梁路等)，更好地融入原生土质环境。第二支撑层80用于支撑营养层70，还可以将营养层70与地底深层隔离，使营养层70具有更好的存储水分和养分的能力。具体地，第二支撑层60的厚度为300mm-600mm，例如：300mm、350mm、380mm、400mm、420mm、450mm、480mm、500mm、520mm、550mm、580mm、600mm等。
可选地，在一些实施例中，本申请实施例所述植被养护系统100还包括防护层105，所述防护层105环绕所述储水层50和营养层70设置，且位于所述第二支撑层80和所述引水层30之间。具体地，防护层105可以为但不限于为沙层，防护层105可以防止储水层50和营养层70的水和营养外渗，增加储水层50和营养层70水分和养分的存储时间，还可以让人造结构(例如建筑物桥梁路等)，更好地融入原生土质环境。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易的想 到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种植被养护系统，其特征在于，包括：
    透水路牙，所述透水路牙沿道路方向设置于道路的至少一侧；
    引水层，所述引水层位于所述透水路牙的侧面，且靠近所述透水路牙的底部设置；
    储水层，所述储水层设于所述引水层背离路面的一侧，用于储水；
    营养层，所述营养层设于所述储水层背离所述引水层的一侧，用于为所述植被提供生长所需要的水分，土壤和养分；
    植被种植槽，所述植被种植槽贯穿所述引水层、所述储水层，并嵌入所述营养层设置，用于种植植被。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述储水层包括供水自由通过的第一框体及半透水层，所述半透水层环绕所述第一框体及所述第一框体背离引水层的表面设置，所述半透水层可使水缓慢渗透。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述营养层包括第二框体、填充所述第二框体的土壤及养料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被养护系统还包括人造路面，所述人造路面位于所述引水层背离所述储水层的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被养护系统还包括第一支撑层，所述第一支撑层具有透水性，所述第一支撑层位于所述引水层和所述人造路面之间，且环绕所述植被种植槽的四周。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述透水路牙为透水混凝土制成，所述透水路牙设有相互贯通的孔洞，用于连通所述引水层和所述道路。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被养护系统还包括隔水件，所述隔水件设置于所述透水路牙背离所述路面的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被养护系统还包括隔离件，所述隔离件设在所述引水层、所述储水层与所述植被种植槽的连接处。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被种植槽还包括第二支撑层，所述第二支撑层设置在所述营养层背离所述储水层的一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的植被养护系统，其特征在于，所述植被养护系统还包括防护层，所述防护层环绕所述储水层和营养层设置，且位于所述第二支撑层和所述引水层之间。
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