WO2022018876A1 - 二次電池の電池活性化装置およびメンテナンスシステム - Google Patents
二次電池の電池活性化装置およびメンテナンスシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022018876A1 WO2022018876A1 PCT/JP2020/028585 JP2020028585W WO2022018876A1 WO 2022018876 A1 WO2022018876 A1 WO 2022018876A1 JP 2020028585 W JP2020028585 W JP 2020028585W WO 2022018876 A1 WO2022018876 A1 WO 2022018876A1
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- battery
- calculation
- secondary battery
- pulse current
- management server
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery activation device used for preventing deterioration of a secondary battery and recovering a deteriorated secondary battery to a good state, and a maintenance system for the same purpose.
- a lead-acid battery which is one of the typical secondary batteries, generally divides a cathode plate made of lead, an anode plate made of lead dioxide, and these electrode plates inside a case body (electric tank) filled with dilute sulfuric acid.
- a plurality of cells including spacers are provided, and the electrode plates of each cell are connected in series, and the cathode terminal and the anode terminal connected to both ends of the series circuit are projected on the upper surface of the case body. .. Because lead, which is an electrode material, is inexpensive and a relatively high voltage can be obtained, it has become widespread as an automobile battery and an emergency power source, and is widely used all over the world.
- lead sulfate is generated by a chemical reaction at each electrode plate during discharge, and this lead sulfate hardens over time and adheres to the electrode plate (sulfation), resulting in increased power generation and charge capacity.
- the battery life is shortened due to the decrease.
- battery activation device A device for recovery (hereinafter referred to as "battery activation device") has been developed.
- Patent Document 1 a battery activity that is incorporated inside the main body of a lead-acid battery and repeatedly executes a process of passing a pulse current for removing lead sulfate to the battery while receiving power from the lead-acid battery.
- the chemical device is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 uses a battery activation device (“secondary battery regeneration device” in the same document) having a function of measuring and displaying the terminal voltage and internal resistance value of a lead storage battery, and is a secondary maintenance target. After charging the battery is completed, the terminal voltage and internal resistance value are measured, the cycle and width of the pulse current are manually adjusted based on the displayed measurement results, and the pulsed current due to the adjustment is used as the secondary battery. The method of regenerating the secondary battery to be flushed is described.
- Patent Document 3 describes a battery activation device (“storage battery control device” in the same document) having a function of applying a pulse signal having an effect of removing sulfation to a storage battery and a function of communicating with a server device at a remote location. , Detects physical quantities (internal resistance value, battery temperature, etc.) that indicate the state of the storage battery, sends those physical quantities to a server device at a remote location, and determines the storage battery in which an abnormality has occurred in the server device that received the transmission. It is described that a drive signal for detecting and outputting a pulse signal to the battery activator of the storage battery in which the abnormality has occurred is transmitted. Further, Patent Document 3 displays a graph showing a change in physical quantity transmitted from the battery activating device in the server device, and is independent even when the battery activating device cannot communicate with the server device. It is described that the configuration is such that a pulse signal can be output.
- storage battery control device in the same document
- Patent Document 1 the mode of the pulse current flowing through the lead storage battery is changed according to a defined schedule, and a wireless circuit or a sensor circuit is incorporated in the battery activation device to externally change the state of the battery body detected by the sensor. It is stated that it is possible to switch the output format of the pulse current by remote operation according to the state, but the specific device configuration and algorithm for implementing them are not shown.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method of adjusting a parameter for output control of a pulse current based on the result of measuring an internal resistance value, which is an optimum index for determining a deterioration state of a battery. The method is to measure the internal resistance value, adjust the parameters, maintain the parameters by the adjustment, apply a pulse current to the battery for a certain period of time, and then measure the internal resistance value again. (See paragraphs 0027 to 0031 of Patent Document 2), which is a very time-consuming method. Moreover, since the invention described in Patent Document 2 is premised on interrupting the use of a rechargeable battery that has deteriorated considerably and regenerating the secondary battery, when the rechargeable battery is resumed to be used, the battery deteriorates again. There is a problem that it progresses.
- the present invention changes the parameters that determine how the pulse current flows to the secondary battery according to the change in the degree of deterioration of the battery, and the output of the pulse current accompanying this change is the secondary battery.
- the challenge is to ensure that is automatically repeated during normal use.
- the battery activating device has a function of repeatedly executing a process of being electrically connected to a secondary battery and passing a pulse current through the secondary battery to prevent or eliminate deterioration of its function. It includes a control unit that receives power from a battery and operates to execute control for flowing a pulse current, and a voltage sensor and a current sensor that are incorporated in a connection circuit between the control unit and the secondary battery, respectively.
- the first calculation for obtaining the internal resistance value of the secondary battery using the detected values of the voltage sensor and the current sensor during the period in which the pulse current is passed, and the internal calculation obtained by the first calculation are performed.
- the parameters are variably set based on the result of the second calculation while repeatedly executing the second calculation for obtaining the parameter for determining the pulse current flow method suitable for the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery using the resistance value.
- the internal resistance value which is an index of the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery, is measured by using the current flowing through the secondary battery to prevent or eliminate the deterioration, and according to the change of the measured value.
- the parameters pulse cycle, duty ratio, etc. that determine how the pulse current flows can be automatically adjusted.
- the internal resistance R V / I as the first calculation.
- the first calculation can be executed according to the output of the pulse current per hour, and the calculation result can be obtained within the period in which the pulse current is passed or immediately after the end of the period.
- a parameter that determines how to flow the pulse current suitable for the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery at that time is obtained for each period in which the pulse current is flowed. Can be done.
- the second calculation may be executed at intervals considerably longer than the length of the period during which the pulse current is passed. Further, as the second calculation, if the calculation based on the time-series change of the internal resistance value indicated by the result of the first calculation for the most recent predetermined number of times is executed, a more accurate calculation result can be obtained.
- the internal resistance value also fluctuates depending on the temperature and atmospheric pressure.
- the battery activating device according to the present invention is further provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and as a second calculation, each measured value of temperature and pressure and the internal resistance value obtained by the first calculation are obtained. If the calculation used is executed, the accuracy of the calculation result can be further improved.
- a wireless communication function is added to the battery activating device so that it can communicate with a management server provided with a sensing data storage means for individually storing the sensing data transmitted from the battery activating device for each device.
- a storage means capable of accumulating sensing data including at least the internal resistance value, which is data detected by the own device as a physical quantity indicating the state of the secondary battery, and management.
- a transmission means that reads data accumulated in the most recent predetermined period from a storage means and transmits the data to a management server in response to a transmission request from a server or a predetermined transmission time.
- the parameter update means for changing the parameter of the own device to the one transmitted from the management server.
- the management server is the second of the sensing data set transmitted from the battery activating device and stored in the sensing data storage means for each battery activating device registered in the sensing data storage means.
- the battery activating device of the present invention simply by electrically connecting to the secondary battery to be maintained, the pulse current for preventing or eliminating the deterioration is changed according to the degree of deterioration of the battery.
- the process of continuing to flow can be performed automatically. Therefore, even a general user who does not have specialized knowledge can easily prevent deterioration of the secondary battery and repair the deteriorated secondary battery.
- the battery activation device is miniaturized and mounted on the main body of the secondary battery or incorporated inside the main body, the secondary battery can be connected to a load or a charger and deteriorated while being used normally. Maintenance to keep progress down can be continued.
- the internal resistance value obtained by the above battery activation device is accumulated in the management server, and when deterioration or calculation error that cannot be solved only by the processing of the battery activation device occurs, the management server performs higher-order calculation.
- the management server performs higher-order calculation.
- FIG. 1 and 2 show a specific configuration example of a battery activation device 1 for a lead storage battery to which the present invention is applied and a lead storage battery 3 into which the device 1 is introduced.
- the lead-acid battery 3 of this embodiment has a resin case body 300 having an upper lid 301 and an inner lid 302 as a main body, and the space 31 below the inner lid 302 is an electric tank section filled with dilute sulfuric acid. ing. Although the detailed internal configuration is not shown, the electric row unit 31 is divided into a plurality of cells, and for each of these cells, between the cathode plate 32A made of lead and the anode plate 32B made of lead dioxide, and the electrodes 32A and 32B, respectively. Separators (not shown) that partition the system are installed.
- the electrode plates 32A and 32B of each cell are connected in a series as a series circuit, and the terminals 30A and 30B are connected to the cathode plate 32A at one end of the series circuit and the anode plate 32B at the other end, respectively.
- Each of the terminals 30A and 30B penetrates the inner lid 302 and the upper lid 301 and protrudes upward of the upper lid 301, to which an external load (motor or the like) or a charging device is connected.
- the battery activating device 1 is a chip component incorporating a circuit described later, and is a bottomed chip accommodating portion provided in a range between the upper lid 301 and the inner lid 302 of the inner wall of the case body 300 of the lead storage battery 3. It is housed in 33.
- the upper end surface of the chip accommodating portion 33 is open, and the socket 34 is covered with the opening.
- This socket 34 is connected to the terminals 110A and 110B (see FIG. 3) of the battery activating device 12, and is located between the upper lid 301 and the inner lid 302 of the terminals 30A and 30B on the cathode side and the anode side. Each is connected via a cable 35.
- the place where the battery activating device 1 is arranged is not limited to the inner wall of the case body 300, and may be arranged on the upper surface of the inner lid 302.
- the lead-acid battery 3 is permanently subjected to a process of flowing a weak pulse current in the same direction as during charging (direction from the cathode plate 32A to the anode plate 32B).
- the parameters that determine how the pulse current flows according to the degree of progress are changed. By doing so, the sulfation is promptly eliminated.
- the duty ratio of the pulse (the ratio of the pulse width to one cycle of the pulse), which is the source of the pulse current, is used as the above parameter.
- the pulse period time length from one pulse rise to the next rise
- a plurality of pulses having different duty ratios may be used, and a combination or setting order of the plurality of duty ratios may be used as a parameter.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the battery activating device 1 together with the connection relationship with the lead storage battery 3.
- the battery activating device 1 of this embodiment is connected to the cathode side terminal 30A and the anode side terminal 30B of the lead storage battery 3 via the connection terminals 110A and 110B provided in the main body and the socket 34 and the cable 35 described above.
- connection terminals 110A and 110B provided in the main body and the socket 34 and the cable 35 described above.
- external devices or charging devices that serve as loads are connected to the terminals 30A and 30B of the lead-acid battery 3, but even when there is no connection between them, the lead-acid battery 3 is a battery.
- the activation device 1 is connected as a load.
- the inside of the main body of the battery activation device 1 includes a control unit 100, a sensor unit 101, a power supply circuit 102, an oscillator 103, a communication circuit 104, and the like.
- the power supply circuit 102 includes several types of DC-DC converters, in which the DC voltage supplied from the lead-acid battery 3 is converted into a voltage at a level suitable for the operation of each component and supplied to each component. To.
- the oscillator 103 oscillates by receiving the power supply from the power supply circuit 102, and outputs a clock signal having a constant period.
- the communication circuit 104 is a circuit having a communication standard (Wi-Fi, 4G, etc.) according to the place where the lead-acid battery 3 is used, and is also a personal computer used by a user by receiving power supply from the power supply circuit 102.
- the information processing terminal device 4 such as a smartphone (hereinafter, referred to as "user terminal 4" according to the description in FIG. 3) and the management server 2 described later are in a state of being able to communicate almost constantly.
- the sensor unit 101 includes a voltage sensor 16, a current sensor 17, a temperature sensor 18, and a barometric pressure sensor 19.
- the voltage sensor 16 and the current sensor 17 are incorporated in the connection circuit between the terminals 110A and 110B and the control unit 100, and the voltage sensor 16 is the voltage applied between the terminals 110A and 110B (substantially the lead storage battery 3).
- the voltage between the electrodes 30A and 30B) is detected, and the current sensor 17 detects the current flowing between the control unit 100 and the lead storage battery 3.
- the temperature sensor 18 detects the temperature corresponding to the internal temperature of the case body 300 of the lead storage battery 3
- the atmospheric pressure sensor 19 detects the atmospheric pressure corresponding to the internal pressure of the case body 300.
- the internal resistance value of the lead storage battery 3 is calculated by the calculation of the control unit 100 using the detection value of the voltage sensor 16 and the detection value of the current sensor 17.
- the control unit 100 includes a pulse generation unit 10, an arithmetic processing unit 11, a data management unit 12, a communication unit 13, a knowledge database 14, a buffer memory 15, and the like.
- the knowledge database 14 stores a program and definition information for calculating the duty ratio adopted in this embodiment as a parameter for determining how to flow a pulse current to the lead storage battery 3. For example, a program for single regression analysis that obtains the duty ratio from the set of internal resistance values, and a program for multiple regression analysis that obtains the duty ratio from the set of three elements of internal resistance value, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, these two types of analysis are executed. A management program or the like including the definition of the condition to be performed is stored in the knowledge database 14. In addition to or in addition to the program for multiple regression analysis, a program for correction calculation that corrects the internal resistance value based on the detected values of temperature and atmospheric pressure may be saved. Also, for each regression analysis, several types of programs may be saved so that the coefficients and algorithms can be changed according to the type of the secondary battery and the state of the sensing data.
- the buffer memory 15 is a first-in / first-out type memory that stores sensing data in the latest fixed period.
- the detection values of the voltage sensor 16, the temperature sensor 18, and the barometric pressure sensor 19 of the sensor unit 101 and the internal resistance value obtained by calculation are used as sensing data to be stored in the buffer memory 15.
- the pulse generation unit 10 is given a direct current at a level slightly higher than the voltage of the electric row unit 31 of the lead storage battery 3.
- the pulse generation unit 10 generates a pulse signal by setting a period and a duty ratio based on a clock signal from the oscillator 103 based on this DC voltage.
- the electric row section of the lead storage battery 3 from the battery activating device 1 A current flows through 31.
- the data management unit 12 captures the detected values of the sensors 16, 17, 18, and 19 of the sensor unit 101 in time with the pulse current per hour. In response to this, the arithmetic processing unit 11 executes an arithmetic (first arithmetic) for obtaining the internal resistance value of the lead-acid battery 3.
- the data management unit 12 takes in the detected values of the temperature and the atmospheric pressure while the pulse current is flowing, and transfers these detected values, the internal resistance value R, and the voltage V used for deriving them to the buffer memory 15. save. Therefore, for each output period of the pulse current, a set of four types of sensing data of the internal resistance value, voltage, temperature, and atmospheric pressure within that period is stored in the buffer memory 15. Date and time information is associated with this set.
- the sensing data for each period in which the pulse current is passed. For example, every time a predetermined number of pulse currents are passed, the average value or the maximum value (voltage) of the sensing data acquired each time is passed. The minimum value) may be saved.
- the arithmetic processing unit 11 reads out the sensing data stored in the buffer memory 15 at that time each time a certain time longer than one cycle of the pulse current elapses, and exchanges these sensing data with the arithmetic algorithm of the knowledge database 14. By the second calculation used, the duty ratio for passing a pulse current suitable for the state of the connected lead storage battery 3 is obtained.
- the pulse generation unit 10 changes the duty ratio of the pulse current in response to this calculation result.
- the communication unit 13 cooperates with the communication circuit 104 to perform communication with the user terminal 4 and the management server 2, and also cooperates with the data management unit 12 to process data in response to requests from these devices. The processing result is returned to the device that issued the request.
- the data management unit 12 reads out the sensing data stored in the buffer memory 15 at that time, and an html file containing information representing them in a table or a graph is created. Will be created.
- the communication unit 13 transmits this html file to the user terminal 4 via the communication circuit 104, the user of the user terminal 4 can confirm the history of the latest sensing data.
- the data management unit 12 collects the sensing data into a transmission file such as a csv format, and this file is collected from the communication unit 13 and the communication circuit 104 to the user terminal 4. You can also send to.
- the data management unit 12 When the communication unit 13 receives a transmission request described later from the management server 2, the data management unit 12 reads out the sensing data stored in the buffer memory 15 at that time, and puts them in a transmission file such as a csv format. It is collected and transmitted to the management server 2 by the communication unit 13 and the communication circuit 104. At this time, by collating the date and time information associated with each sensing data with the log information stored in the communication unit 13, only the sensing data that has not yet been transmitted to the management server 2 is received in response to the hourly transmission request. The stored transmission file is created and transmitted to the management server 2. Date and time information can also be linked to the sensing data of the transmission file.
- the internal resistance value which is an indispensable element for the calculation for obtaining the duty ratio, is measured by using the pulse current flowing through the lead storage battery 3.
- the internal resistance measuring device and the control unit 100 are connected in parallel to the lead-acid battery 3 and the pulse current for measurement is also transmitted from the internal resistance measuring device. It is necessary to pass the current through the lead storage battery 3, but in that case, the pulse current for measurement and the pulse current from the control unit 100 may interfere with each other. In order to prevent interference, it is necessary to take measures such as temporarily stopping the output of the pulse current from the control unit 100 and measuring the internal resistance value, which may make it impossible to secure the regularity of the pulse current.
- the current flowing through the lead storage battery 3 is only the pulse current for maintenance from the control unit 100, there is no possibility of the problem of interference occurring, and the output of the pulse current from the control unit 100 is stopped. There is no need.
- the timing of the pulse current output shifts due to the change in the duty ratio, the timing of measuring the internal resistance value can be easily followed, and the acquisition of the internal resistance value that accurately reflects the current status of the lead-acid battery 3 can be continued. can.
- the voltage V within the output period of the pulse current and the voltage V0 within the period in which the pulse current immediately before the output is not output are acquired, and the value of the difference between the two is calculated by the current I within the same period as the voltage V.
- the resistance value for the pulse current can be obtained with high accuracy.
- the internal resistance value is an index that directly reflects the deterioration state of the lead-acid battery 3, and is an indispensable element for the calculation for obtaining the duty ratio.
- the resistance value fluctuates. However, even if the temperature or atmospheric pressure suddenly changes significantly, the internal resistance value does not change immediately. Based on such characteristics, the arithmetic processing unit 11 of this embodiment calculates a simple regression analysis using only the detected value of the internal resistance value while the detected values of temperature and atmospheric pressure are within the predetermined ranges. When the temperature or atmospheric pressure deviates from the above range, the operation of multiple regression analysis with these factors added is executed.
- control unit 100 of the battery activation device 1 of this embodiment has a function of transmitting an emergency call to the user terminal 4 when a sudden change in sensing data occurs due to some trouble, and access according to the report. It is possible to provide a function of changing the duty ratio or temporarily stopping the output of the pulse current in response to a command from the user terminal 4 (due to the operation of the user).
- the above-mentioned battery activation device 1 can sufficiently cope with the purpose of preventing normal sulfation even when used alone, it periodically transmits sensing data to the management server 2 and is appropriately higher from the management server 2. If the duty ratio obtained by the following arithmetic processing is provided, even if the sulfation progresses, the progress is promptly stopped and the lead sulfate crystals generated by the sulfation are removed. be able to.
- the maintenance system will be described in detail using the management server 2.
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of a lead storage battery maintenance system using the battery activation device 1.
- This maintenance system is composed of a plurality of battery activating devices 1 electrically connected to different lead-acid batteries 3, and a management server 2 that manages these battery activating devices 1 as terminal devices.
- Each battery activation device 1 and the management server 2 can communicate with each other via the Internet (not shown).
- Each battery activation device 1 can also communicate with the user terminal 4. Further, the user terminal 4 can directly communicate with the management server 2 for the registration work and the data browsing work described later.
- the battery activating device 1 has the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 3, but the appearance is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the circuit board having a size larger than that of the chip component is incorporated in the main body case. You can also do it.
- the battery activating device 1 is mounted on the upper surface of the case body 300 of the lead storage battery 3, and is electrically connected to the portions protruding from the upper surfaces of the terminals 30A and 30B.
- each battery activating device 1 responds to a transmission request from the management server 2 while continuing to flow a pulse current for eliminating or preventing sulfation to the lead storage battery 3 to which the own device is connected. Send maintenance data.
- the management server 2 is provided with a communication unit 23 that communicates with each battery activation device 1 via the Internet, and also has an arithmetic processing unit 21 that performs substantive processing in cooperation with the communication unit 23 and data management.
- a storage means such as a unit 22, a knowledge database 24, a sensing data storage unit 25, an ID storage unit 26, and a user information storage unit 27 is provided.
- the user information storage unit 27 contains an identification code assigned to each user (owner of the lead-acid battery 3) who uses the maintenance system, a user's name, contact information, and a battery of the lead-acid battery 3 owned by the user.
- the identification code of the activation device 1 (hereinafter referred to as "device ID") and the like are stored. These information are transmitted from the user terminal 4 to the management server 2 by the user, or are input to the management server 2 by the administrator based on the information provided by the user by mail or the like. In addition, a plurality of device IDs may be stored for one user.
- the combination of the device ID and the IP address is registered in the ID storage unit 26 for each battery activation device 1.
- the sensing data storage unit 25 is provided with a dedicated storage area associated with the device ID for each battery activation device 1, and the sensing data (battery activation) received from the corresponding battery activation device 1 is provided in those areas.
- the internal resistance value, voltage, temperature, and pressure set of the lead-acid battery 3 measured by the device 1) are stored.
- the data management unit 22 periodically transmits a command requesting transmission of sensing data to each battery activation device 1 via the communication unit 23, and the battery activation for the command also via the communication unit 23.
- the sensing data transmitted from the conversion device 1 is acquired, and this is stored in the dedicated storage area of the battery activation device 1 of the sensing data storage unit 25. Since this dedicated storage area has a much larger capacity than the buffer memory 15 of the battery activation device 1, the past sensing data lost from the buffer memory 15 of the battery activation device 1 can be read back to a certain period. ..
- the knowledge database 24 stores a large amount of knowledge information constructed by various studies and experiments regarding the adjustment of the pulse current flowing through the lead-acid battery for the elimination and prevention of sulfation, and also stores specific sensing data. A program of inference calculation to find the optimum duty ratio by collating with the knowledge information of is saved.
- each battery activating device 1 executes a calculation for acquiring and storing sensing data and obtaining a duty ratio in parallel with a process for passing a pulse current by the method described above, and according to the calculation result. Change the duty ratio as appropriate. However, if the internal resistance value continues to exceed a predetermined threshold value and cannot be improved by controlling the own device, or if an abnormal value occurs in the sensing data of voltage, temperature, or atmospheric pressure, the battery is used. An abnormality report is transmitted from the activation device 1 to the management server 2. In the management server 2 that receives this, the arithmetic processing unit 21 performs arithmetic processing using the knowledge database 24, and calculates the duty ratio to be set in the battery activation device 1 that has reported the abnormality. This duty ratio is passed to the communication unit 23 via the data management unit 22, and a change request command including the duty ratio is transmitted to the battery activation device 1 that has notified the abnormality.
- the battery activating device 1 that has received the above change request command replaces the duty ratio set in its own device with the duty ratio included in the command. Since the duty ratio after this update is obtained by a much higher-order arithmetic processing than the arithmetic of the battery activating device 1, the pulse current in an embodiment suitable for solving the malfunction or abnormality of the lead storage battery 3 It becomes possible to flow the problem, and the problem can be solved at an early stage.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the main processing performed by the management server 2. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of. As shown in these, in the battery activation device 1, the management of sensing data (FIG. 6), the data transmission process to the management server 2 (FIG. 7), and the management of duty ratio (FIG. 8) are performed in parallel. Run. The management server 2 also executes periodic processing (FIG. 9) and irregular processing (FIG. 10) in parallel.
- the processing on the battery activation device 1 side and the processing on the management server 2 side will be described in relation to each other with reference to the figure numbers and step codes in each flowchart.
- the battery activating device 1 is referred to as a "terminal device” for convenience, but in the present specification, the name will be unified to "battery activating device 1" hereafter.
- the management server 2 is made to recognize that the access is from a new device by transmitting the device ID of the own device to the management server 2 (step S10 in FIG. 7). ). Further, the default duty ratio is set in the pulse generation unit 10 and the transmission of the pulse current is started (step S13 in FIG. 8), and the management of the sensing data in FIG. 6 is started almost at the same time.
- each sensing data of internal resistance value, voltage, temperature, and atmospheric pressure is acquired and stored in the buffer memory 15 (step S1 in FIG. 6), and it is checked whether the internal resistance value exceeds the threshold value (step).
- step S2, S3 each process of checking whether an abnormal value is included in other sensing data (step S4), and checking the value of an abnormal flag (a flag indicating that an abnormality is occurring) (step S5). Is done.
- steps S2, S4, and S5 become “NO” in order, and the flow of returning to step S1 is repeated. Will be executed. Even if it is determined that the internal resistance value exceeds the threshold value (step S2 is "YES"), steps S3, S4, and S5 become "NO” until the determination reaches a predetermined number of times. The flow back to S1 is repeated.
- step S13 After the default duty ratio is set (step S13), the determination processes of steps S14 and S15 are repeated, and every time a predetermined time elapses (step S15 is "step S15". YES ”), an operation using the sensing data stored in the buffer memory 15 at that time and the knowledge information of the knowledge database 14 is executed (step S16), and the duty ratio obtained by the operation is the pulse generation unit 10. Is set to (step S17).
- the processing by the loop of steps S14 to S17 is referred to as "periodic management”.
- the device IDs registered in the ID storage unit 26 are focused on in order from the beginning (steps S31, S34, S35), and the battery activation device 1 of the ID being focused on is focused on.
- a command requesting transmission of sensing data (hereinafter referred to as “transmission request command”) is transmitted to the server (step S32).
- the battery activating device 1 reads out the sensing data stored in the buffer memory 15 at that time that has not yet been transmitted to the management server 2, and reads the data that has not yet been transmitted to the management server 2 as a transmission file such as csv described above. It is transmitted to 2 (steps S11 and S12 in FIG. 7).
- the management server 2 receives this transmission file and stores the sensing data in the file in the dedicated storage area for the ID of interest in the sensing data storage unit 25 (step S33 in FIG. 9).
- steps S32 and S33 of the management server 2 are repeatedly executed for all the battery activation devices 1 registered in the ID storage unit 26. If the management server 2 receives an access from the new battery activation device 1 (step S10 in FIG. 7) during that time, the irregular processing step S37 in FIG. 10 becomes "YES", and the access is accepted.
- the registered information of the user information storage unit 27 is collated with the received device ID (step S38). When the corresponding user information can be identified by the device ID by this collation (step S39 is “YES”), the device ID and the IP address of the device are registered in the ID storage unit 26 (step S40). When this registration is completed, the newly accessed battery activating device 1 is also included in the periodic processing.
- step S3 to S8 the process proceeds to step S9, and the abnormality flag is set to ON. Further, if the temperature or atmospheric pressure newly stored in the buffer memory 16 deviates from a predetermined normal range, or if the newly stored voltage falls below the charge termination voltage, step S4 is "YES”. Then, in the same manner as described above, the process proceeds from step S4 to step S9 via step S8, and the abnormality flag is set to ON.
- step S14 is “YES”, step S18 is “NO”), and the untransmitted sensing data including the abnormal value is the buffer memory 15.
- Step S19 an abnormality report including them is transmitted to the management server 2 (step S20).
- step S36 of the irregular process (FIG. 10) becomes "YES", and the processes of steps S41 to S44 are executed.
- step S41 the battery activating device 1 that issued the report by the device ID or IP address included in the abnormality report is specified, and in the next step S42, the sensing data storage unit 25 for the specified battery activating device 1 is specified. Sensing data acquired from the abnormality report is saved in the dedicated storage area of.
- step S43 sensing data is read back from the above-mentioned dedicated storage area, including the most recently stored one, to a predetermined time point in the past, and the abnormal sensing data is used by using these and the knowledge information of the knowledge database 24. Performs an operation to find a duty ratio suitable for returning to a normal value.
- step S44 a change request command including the duty ratio derived by calculation is created, and this is transmitted to the battery activation device 1 that is the source of the abnormality report.
- the battery activation device 1 that is the source of the abnormality report waits for the above change request command after the report (step S21 in FIG. 8), and when the command is received, the duty ratio of the pulse generation unit 11 is set according to the command. Change (step S22). If the change request command cannot be received even after a predetermined time has elapsed from the abnormality report, the battery activation device 1 shifts to error processing.
- Step S1 new sensing data is acquired and saved while waiting for the transmission of an abnormality report or the reception of a change request command, or immediately after the duty ratio is changed in response to the change request command.
- Step S1 is repeated.
- steps S2 and S3 are "YES", or step S4 is "YES"
- step S8 becomes “YES” and returns to step S1
- the on state of the abnormality flag is maintained.
- step S5 becomes "YES”
- step S6 becomes “NO”. By returning to step S1, the on state of the abnormality flag is maintained.
- the duty ratio management (FIG. 8) repeats the "YES" determination in steps S14 and S18, so that the periodic management in steps S15 to 17 is canceled and changed by the change request command. The duty ratio is maintained.
- Step S2 and step S4 in FIG. 6 become "NO”
- step S5 and step S6 become "YES”
- the process proceeds to step S7, and the abnormality flag is returned to off.
- the duty ratio management (FIG. 8) also returns to the flow of periodic management (steps S14 to S17), and the battery activating device 1 returns to the operating state in which the pulse current according to the duty ratio obtained by the calculation of the own device is output.
- the battery activating device 1 normally obtains the duty ratio, which is a parameter indicating how the pulse current flows independently, but the deterioration state of the lead storage battery 3 progresses and an abnormal value appears in the sensing data.
- the duty ratio is obtained in the management server 2 by detailed calculation using sensing data and abundant knowledge information for a period significantly longer than the period to be calculated by the battery activation device 1. , This duty ratio is set in the battery activation device 1. Therefore, it is possible to derive a duty ratio suitable for returning the abnormal sensing data to a normal value at an early stage with high accuracy.
- the transmission of sensing data from the battery activation device 1 to the management server 2 is not limited to the method of responding to the transmission request from the management server 2, but the transmission timing schedule is registered in the battery activation device 1 and the schedule thereof is registered. It can also be performed as a spontaneous transmission from the battery activating device 1 when the transmission time by registration has arrived.
- the duty ratio in the management server 2 is obtained only when an abnormality report is received from the battery activation device 1, but even after that, the battery activation device 1 that is the source of the abnormality report is obtained in the management server 2.
- the process of finding the duty ratio is repeated until the sensing data received from is in a state showing a preferable value, and when there is a significant difference between the new duty ratio and the value obtained one step before, the change request command is issued. You may want to resend.
- the default duty ratio set at the time of initial operation of the battery activating device 1 may also be transmitted from the management server 2 that has received the initial access from this device 1 (step S10 in FIG. 7).
- the management server 2 may also perform an inference operation for periodically obtaining the duty ratio using the sensing data stored in the sensing data storage unit 25 regardless of whether or not an abnormality report has been received. In that case, if the duty ratio set in the battery activation device 1 is transmitted to the management server 2 together with the sensing data in the periodic communication between the battery activation device 1 and the management server 2, the management server 2 will be able to perform.
- the duty ratio obtained by the battery activating device 1 is compared with the duty ratio obtained by the calculation of the own device, and if the difference between the two exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the latter duty ratio is requested to be changed. A change request command can be sent.
- the management server 2 can provide an appropriate duty ratio at an early stage.
- the duty is applied to the battery activation device 1 to be calculated at the timing when the management server 2 performs the calculation for obtaining the duty ratio.
- a method of sending a command requesting transmission of the ratio and receiving a response from the battery activating device 1 to the command may be adopted.
- new knowledge information is created in the management server 2 by associating the history of changes in the duty ratio with the history of sensing data. And can be registered in the knowledge database 24. Further, the knowledge database 15 of the battery activation device 1 can also be updated by appropriately transmitting new knowledge information from the management server 2 to the battery activation device 1.
- the battery activation device 1 stores four types of physical quantities of internal resistance value, voltage, temperature, and atmospheric pressure, and these are periodically transmitted to the management server 2, but 4 is not always the case. It is not necessary to store or transmit all types of data, and it may be limited to two or three types of data including the internal resistance value. Further, when the lead-acid battery 3 is managed from the time when it is new, or when the calculation result has a certain degree of reliability even in the calculation process of only the internal resistance value, the sensing data transmitted to the management server 2 is used as the internal resistance value. May be only.
- one battery activation device 1 is provided for each lead storage battery 3, but maintenance of a plurality of lead storage batteries 3 deployed in the vicinity is carried out by one battery activation device 1.
- the battery activating device 1 is arranged at an appropriate place in the field where each lead storage battery 3 is arranged, and is individually electrically connected to each lead storage battery 3.
- a control unit 100 and a sensor unit 101 shown in FIG. 3 are provided for each lead storage battery 3.
- only one temperature sensor 18 and one barometric pressure sensor 19 are provided in the battery activating device 1 as a sensor common to each lead storage battery 3.
- the temperature sensor 18 and the barometric pressure sensor 19 may be externally attached to each lead-acid battery 3, and the detected values thereof may be transmitted to the control unit 100 by wire or wirelessly.
- FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 are also carried out for each lead-acid battery 3. Further, in order to enable the management server 2 to recognize the sensing data and the abnormality report for each lead-acid battery 3, the device ID and the identification code of the target lead-acid battery 3 are assigned to the transmission to the management server 2. Ru. Also in the management server 2, a dedicated storage area is set for each lead storage battery 3 in the sensing data storage unit 25, and the sensing data and abnormality notification transmitted from the battery activation device are recognized for each lead storage battery 3, and the same as in the above embodiment. Control.
- the battery activating device 1 according to the configurations exemplified in FIGS. 1 to 4 and various modifications described above is suitable for the deteriorated state while confirming the deteriorated state of the lead storage battery 3 only by being electrically connected to the lead storage battery 3.
- the pulse current of the embodiment Therefore, even a general user without specialized knowledge can easily handle it.
- a new lead-acid battery 3 with an integrated battery activating device 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is obtained, there is almost no possibility that a large sulfation will occur in the battery 3, and the battery 3 is in good condition. You can continue to use it.
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Abstract
Description
なお、電池活性化装置1を配置する場所はケース体300の内壁に限らず、中蓋302の上面に配置してもよい。
PbO2+4H++SO4 2-+2e- → PbSO4+2H2O ・・・(2)
温度センサ18は鉛蓄電池3のケース体300の内部温度に相当する温度を検出し、気圧センサ19はケース体300の内部気圧に相当する気圧を検出する。
さらにこの実施例では、電圧センサ16の検出値と電流センサ17の検出値とを用いた制御部100の演算によって、鉛蓄電池3の内部抵抗値を算出している。
なお、図4の例では、上記の演算もパルス電流が流される期間内に完了しているが、演算の実行はパルス電流が流される期間の終了後になってもよい。
たとえば、ユーザ端末4からのアクセスに対しては、データ管理部12によりその時点でバッファメモリ15に保存されているセンシングデータが読み出され、それらを表またはグラフで表した情報を含むhtmlファイルが作成される。このhtmlファイルを通信部13が通信回路104を介してユーザ端末4に送信することによって、当該ユーザ端末4のユーザは直近のセンシングデータの履歴を確認することができる。また、通信部13がユーザ端末4からのダウンロード要求を受けたときには、データ管理部12によってセンシングデータがcsv形式などの送信ファイルにまとめられ、このファイルを通信部13および通信回路104からユーザ端末4に送信することもできる。
ただし、パルス電流の周期や制御部の能力などの問題で電圧V0を測定する余裕がない場合には、パルス電流の出力期間内の電圧Vを電流Iで除算する演算(R=V/I)によって、内部抵抗値を求めてもよい。
以下、管理サーバ2を用いてメンテナンスシステムについて詳細に説明する。
まず、電池活性化装置1から管理サーバ2へのセンシングデータの送信は、管理サーバ2からの送信要求への応答という方式に限らず、電池活性化装置1に送信時期のスケジュールを登録し、その登録による送信時期が到来したことに応じて電池活性化装置1からの自発送信として行うこともできる。
このほか、電池活性化装置1の初動時に設定されるデフォルトのデューティ比も、この装置1からの初回アクセス(図7のステップS10)を受け付けた管理サーバ2から送信するようにしてもよい。
2 管理サーバ
3 鉛蓄電池
10 パルス生成部
11,21 演算処理部
12,22 データ管理部
13,23 通信部
14,24 知識データベース
15 バッファメモリ
16 電圧センサ
17 電流センサ
18 温度センサ
19 気圧センサ
25 センシングデータ記憶部
100 制御部
101 センサ部
104 通信回路
Claims (6)
- 二次電池に電気接続されて当該二次電池にその機能の劣化を予防または解消するためのパルス電流を流す処理を繰り返し実行する装置であって、
前記二次電池から電源の供給を受けて作動して前記パルス電流を流すための制御を実行する制御部と、当該制御部と前記二次電池との接続回路にそれぞれ組み込まれる電圧センサおよび電流センサとを備え、
前記制御部は、前記パルス電流が流される期間内における前記電圧センサおよび前記電流センサの各検出値を用いて前記二次電池の内部抵抗値を求める第1の演算と、第1の演算により求められた内部抵抗値を用いて前記二次電池の劣化度合いに適したパルス電流の流し方を定めるパラメータを求める第2の演算とを繰り返し実行しながら、第2の演算の結果に基づき前記パラメータを可変設定する、
ことを特徴とする二次電池の活性化装置。 - 前記第1の演算は、前記パルス電流が流される期間内に前記電圧センサにより検出された電圧を同じ期間内に前記電流センサにより検出された電流により除算する演算であり、
前記制御部は、毎時のパルス電流の出力に応じて前記第1の演算を実行するとともに、直近の所定回数分の第1の演算の結果を用いた前記第2の演算を所定のタイミングで実行する、請求項1に記載された二次電池の活性化装置。 - 前記第1の演算は、前記パルス電流が流される期間内に前記電圧センサにより検出された電圧とその直前のパルス電流が流れていない期間内に前記電圧センサにより検出された電圧との差の値を当該パルス電流が流される期間内に前記電流センサにより検出された電流により除算する演算であり、
前記制御部は、毎時のパルス電流の出力に応じて前記第1の演算を実行するとともに、直近の所定回数分の第1の演算の結果を用いた前記第2の演算を所定のタイミングで実行する、請求項1に記載された二次電池の活性化装置。 - 温度センサおよび気圧センサがさらに設けられ、
前記制御部は、前記第2の演算として、前記温度センサにより検出された温度と前記気圧センサにより検出された気圧と前記第1の演算により求められた内部抵抗値とを用いた演算を実行する、
請求項1~3のいずれかに記載された二次電池の活性化装置。 - 外部の管理サーバと無線通信を行うための通信回路をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記二次電池の状態を表す物理量として自装置で検出したデータであって少なくとも前記内部抵抗値を含むセンシングデータを蓄積可能な記憶手段と、前記通信回路を介して前記管理サーバからの送信要求を受けたこと、または予め定められた送信時期が到来したことに応じて、前記記憶手段から直近の所定期間に蓄積されたセンシングデータを読み出し、当該データを前記通信回路から前記管理サーバに送信する送信手段と、前記センシングデータの送信を少なくとも一度行った後の管理サーバから当該管理サーバで導出されたパラメータの送信を受けたとき、自装置のパラメータを管理サーバから送信されたものに変更するパラメータ更新手段とを備える、
請求項1~4のいずれかに記載された二次電池の活性化装置。 - 二次電池に電気接続されて当該二次電池にその劣化を予防または解消するためのパルス電流を流す処理を繰り返し実行する機能と無線通信機能とを有する複数の電池活性化装置と、各電池活性化装置と無線通信を行う管理サーバとを備えたシステムであって、
前記電池活性化装置は、前記二次電池から電源の供給を受けて作動して前記パルス電流を流すための制御および前記管理サーバとの通信を実行する制御部と、当該制御部と前記二次電池との接続回路にそれぞれ組み込まれる電圧センサおよび電流センサとを備え、
前記管理サーバは、各電池活性化装置から送信されるセンシングデータを装置ごとに個別に蓄積するセンシングデータ記憶手段を備え、
前記電池活性化装置の制御部は、
前記パルス電流が流される期間内における前記電圧センサおよび前記電流センサの各検出値を用いて前記二次電池の内部抵抗値を求める第1の演算と、第1の演算により導出された内部抵抗値を用いて前記二次電池の劣化度合いに適したパルス電流の流し方を定めるパラメータを求める第2の演算とを繰り返し実行しながら、第2の演算の結果に基づき前記パラメータを可変設定するパルス制御手段と、
前記二次電池の状態を表す物理量として自装置で検出したデータであって少なくとも前記内部抵抗値を含むセンシングデータを蓄積可能な記憶手段と、
前記管理サーバからの送信要求を受けたこと、または予め定められた送信時期が到来したことに応じて、前記記憶手段から直近の所定期間に蓄積されたデータを読み出し、当該データを前記管理サーバに送信する送信手段と、
前記センシングデータの送信を少なくとも一度行った後の前記管理サーバから当該管理サーバで導出されたパラメータの送信を受けたとき、自装置のパラメータを管理サーバから送信されたものに変更するパラメータ更新手段とを備え、
前記管理サーバは、前記センシングデータ記憶手段に登録されている電池活性化装置毎に、それぞれ当該電池活性化装置から送信されて前記センシングデータ記憶手段に蓄積されたセンシングデータの集合の中から当該装置の前記第2の演算に使用されるよりも多数の内部抵抗値を含むセンシングデータを読み出し、それらを用いて前記パラメータを求める演算を実行する処理と、前記演算により導出されたパラメータを当該電池活性化装置に送信する処理とを、予め定めた条件の成立に応じて実行する、
二次電池のメンテナンスシステム。
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