WO2022017516A1 - 一种耐水纸面石膏板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐水纸面石膏板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022017516A1
WO2022017516A1 PCT/CN2021/108236 CN2021108236W WO2022017516A1 WO 2022017516 A1 WO2022017516 A1 WO 2022017516A1 CN 2021108236 W CN2021108236 W CN 2021108236W WO 2022017516 A1 WO2022017516 A1 WO 2022017516A1
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agent
gypsum board
gypsum
parts
paper
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PCT/CN2021/108236
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
葛俊巧
陈红霞
刘文君
张晓菲
冉秀云
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中建材创新科技研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2022017516A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022017516A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/186—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/32—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/072—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C04B2111/0062—Gypsum-paper board like materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • This article relates to the technical field of building materials and gypsum boards, especially to a water-resistant gypsum board and a preparation method thereof.
  • gypsum board As a common home improvement material, gypsum board is widely used as suspended ceiling, partition wall, interior wall veneer, ceiling, sound-absorbing panels, etc.
  • ordinary gypsum board is used for the decoration of spaces with high environmental humidity, such as bathrooms, shower rooms and kitchens, because the gypsum board is a porous structure, the moisture in the air will enter the holes and capillaries inside the gypsum board.
  • the crystalline contact points in the gypsum hardened body are dissolved, and the phenomenon of recrystallization occurs, which reduces the strength of the gypsum board and causes the board to absorb water, collapse and fall off. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of using gypsum board for decoration in spaces with high humidity, waterproof gypsum board is used. larger area.
  • the application provides a high-strength water-resistant gypsum board, which is isolated from water vapor by compounding a waterproofing agent and coating a layer of protective agent on the surface of the gypsum board, adding a protective film on the surface and adding a composite waterproofing agent inside.
  • the combination method improves the waterproof performance of the board in all directions, and also improves the mechanical properties of the gypsum board.
  • the application provides a paper-faced gypsum board, the gypsum board includes a board core and a cover paper, and the board core raw materials include, in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 1 to 20 parts of a composite waterproofing agent and 0.2 parts of a composite waterproofing agent. parts to 5 parts lotion;
  • the composite waterproofing agent comprises fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent;
  • the side of the protective paper in contact with the air is coated with a protective agent, and the protective agent includes a fluoropolyether surfactant and a silicon surfactant.
  • the gypsum board is composed of the above raw materials.
  • the board core raw material further includes 0.4 to 1 part of starch and 0.01 to 1 part of a foaming agent solution.
  • the board core raw material further includes water, and the amount of the water is 60 to 70 parts.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent in the composite waterproofing agent is (1 to 20): (1 to 20): ( 0.1 to 5):(0.01 to 5):(0.1 to 5);
  • the dosage ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent in the composite waterproofing agent is (1 to 5): (5 to 15): (2 to 5):(1 to 3):(1 to 3);
  • the inorganic waterproofing agent When the inorganic waterproofing agent is mixed with the gypsum clinker, the ettringite crystals are cross-connected and cover the surface of the dihydrate gypsum together with the gelatinous calcium silicate hydrate, so that the final board has better water resistance , Unhydrated fly ash and gypsum particles are filled in the gaps of the hydration product, making the board more uniform and dense.
  • Other components in the composite waterproofing agent make it difficult for water to spread on the silicone waterproof layer, and can be uniformly coated on the substrate without closing the air permeability micropores of the substrate; at the same time, it can reduce the surface energy of the substrate, make it hydrophobic.
  • the organic waterproofing agent described in this application can stably exert its waterproofing function in the board.
  • the specific surface area of the fly ash is 4000 cm 2 /g to 5000 cm 2 /g; the specific surface area of the ground slag is 4000 cm 2 /g to 5000 cm 2 /g;
  • the pH value of the composite waterproofing agent is 7 to 9.
  • the silane coupling agent is selected from any one or more of Si69, KH-550, KH-560 and KH-570.
  • the specific surface area of the gypsum clinker is 3200 cm 2 /g to 4800 cm 2 /g;
  • the main component of the gypsum clinker is calcium sulfate hemihydrate, which is produced from natural gypsum or industrial by-product gypsum
  • the preparation method of the clinker can be carried out by a method commonly used in the art.
  • the emulsion is any one or more of polyvinyl acetate modified emulsion, polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the solid content is 20% to 20%. 30%.
  • the starch is modified starch
  • the starch is selected from any one or more of modified corn starch, modified sorghum starch, modified tapioca starch and modified potato starch;
  • the gelatinization temperature of the starch is 70°C to 75°C.
  • the foaming agent solution is a solution in which an anionic surfactant and a foam stabilizer are solutes
  • the mass fraction of the foaming agent solution is 0.2% to 0.6%
  • the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant and the foam stabilizer is (3 to 7):1.
  • the anionic surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and sodium aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate kind;
  • the foam stabilizer is selected from any one or two of silicone resin polyether emulsion and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of the fluoropolyether-based surfactant and the silicon-based surfactant is 1:(0.1 to 2);
  • the weight and dosage ratio of the fluoropolyether surfactant and the silicon surfactant is 1:(0.5 to 2);
  • the dosage of the protective agent on the face protection paper is 1 g/m 2 to 20 g/m 2 .
  • the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gypsum board, comprising the following steps:
  • the fly ash is Class C Class I;
  • the drying described in step 4) is two or more drying stages with decreasing drying temperature.
  • the drying described in step 4) has three drying stages, the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.2h to 0.5h, and the drying temperature is 150°C to 200°C;
  • the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.2h to 1h, and the drying temperature is 100°C to 150°C;
  • the drying time of the third drying stage is 0.2h to 1h, and the drying temperature is 45°C to 100°C.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a paper-faced gypsum board, the gypsum board includes a board core and a cover paper, and the board core raw material includes, in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 1 to 20 parts of a composite waterproofing agent and 0.2 to 5 parts lotion;
  • the composite waterproofing agent comprises fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent;
  • the side of the protective paper in contact with the air is coated with a protective agent, and the protective agent includes a fluoropolyether surfactant and a silicon surfactant.
  • the fluoropolyether surfactant is defined as a perfluoropolymer surfactant composed of C—F bond, C—O bond and C—C bond.
  • the definition of the silicon-based surfactant is a class of surfactants formed by taking polydimethylsiloxane as a hydrophobic main chain and connecting one or more organic polar groups at its mid-position or terminal position;
  • the fluoropolyether surfactant can be selected from any of polyperfluoromethyl isopropyl ether, double-terminated hydroxyl perfluoropolyether, fluoroether oil, hexafluoroisopropyl methyl ether and perfluorobutyl ethyl ether. one or more;
  • the silicon-based surfactant can be selected from any of cyclopentameric dimethylsilane, acrylate silicone oil, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and polymethylphenylsiloxane. one or more;
  • the board core raw material further includes 0.4 to 1 part of starch and 0.01 to 1 part of a foaming agent solution.
  • the raw material of the board core further includes water, and the amount of the water is 60 to 70 parts.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent in the composite waterproofing agent is (1 to 20): (1 to 20): (0.1 to 5 ):(0.01 to 5):(0.1 to 5);
  • the dosage ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent in the composite waterproofing agent is (1 to 5): (5 to 15): (2 to 5) :(1 to 3):(1 to 3);
  • the specific surface area of the fly ash is 4000 cm 2 /g to 5000 cm 2 /g; the specific surface area of the ground slag is 4000 cm 2 /g to 5000 cm 2 /g;
  • the pH value of the composite waterproofing agent is 7 to 9.
  • the silane coupling agent is selected from any one or more of Si69, KH-550, KH-560 and KH-570.
  • the specific surface area of the gypsum clinker is 3200cm 2 /g to 4800cm 2 /g;
  • the main component of the gypsum clinker is calcium sulfate hemihydrate, which is prepared from natural gypsum or industrial by-product gypsum , the preparation method of the clinker can be carried out by a method commonly used in the art.
  • the emulsion is any one or more of polyvinyl acetate modified emulsion, polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the solid content is 20% to 30%.
  • the starch is modified starch
  • the starch is selected from any one or more of modified corn starch, modified sorghum starch, modified tapioca starch and modified potato starch;
  • the gelatinization temperature of the starch is 70°C to 75°C.
  • the foaming agent solution is a solution in which an anionic surfactant and a foam stabilizer are solutes
  • the mass fraction of the foaming agent solution is 0.2% to 0.6%
  • the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant and the foam stabilizer is (3 to 7):1.
  • the anionic surfactant is selected from any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and sodium aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate;
  • the foam stabilizer is selected from any one or two of silicone resin polyether emulsion and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of the fluoropolyether-based surfactant and the silicon-based surfactant is 1: (0.1 to 2);
  • the weight and dosage ratio of the fluoropolyether surfactant and the silicon surfactant is 1:(0.5 to 2);
  • the dosage of the protective agent on the face protection paper is 1 g/m 2 to 20 g/m 2 .
  • the drying described in step 4) is two or more drying stages with decreasing drying temperature.
  • the drying described in step 4) has three drying stages, the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.2h to 0.5h, and the drying temperature is 150°C to 200°C;
  • the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.2h to 1h, and the drying temperature is 100°C to 150°C;
  • the drying time of the third drying stage is 0.2h to 1h, and the drying temperature is 45°C to 100°C.
  • the raw materials of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board prepared in this example are as follows: the specific surface area of the gypsum clinker is 3980 cm 2 /g; the protective paper is a commercially available water-resistant protective paper.
  • the raw materials of the board core include in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 10 parts of composite waterproofing agent, 0.5 part of emulsion, 0.6 part of starch, 0.2 part of foaming agent solution and 70 parts of water.
  • the composite waterproofing agent is composed of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, silane coupling agent and water.
  • the weight ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent is 1:5:2:1:1.
  • the pH of the mixed solution of the composite waterproofing agent is 7.5.
  • the weight ratio of the sum of the weight of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent to water is 1:2,
  • the fly ash is C class I grade, and the specific surface area of the fly ash is 4350cm 2 /g, purchased from Hebei Huihao Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., and the trade name is 011;
  • the specific surface area of the ground slag was 4230 cm 2 /g.
  • the ground slag was purchased from Hebei Jiegui Mineral Products Co., Ltd. under the trade name 8239120.
  • the silicone oil needs to be stirred in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 1600r/min for 0.6h before use.
  • the silane coupling agent of the organic waterproofing agent is KH-570.
  • the silane coupling agent was purchased from Hangzhou Jessica Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the emulsion is a polyvinyl acetate modified emulsion with a solid content of 22%.
  • the emulsion was purchased from BASF (China) Co., Ltd. under the trade name 1318.
  • the starch was modified corn starch, and the gelatinization temperature was 75° C.
  • the modified corn starch was purchased from Wujiang Puhua Chemical Light Co., Ltd., and the brand was 154.
  • the foaming agent solution is composed of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, foam stabilizer silicone resin polyether emulsion and solvent water, and the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to foam stabilizer is 4:1 ; Stirring for 3 minutes at a rotational speed of 1800r/min prepares a foaming agent solution, and the mass fraction of the foaming agent solution is 0.2%.
  • the silicone resin polyether emulsion was purchased from Wuhan Dahua Weiye Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd., and the brand name is FM-70.
  • the protective agent for brushing on the surface of the protective paper includes a fluoropolyether surfactant and a silicon surfactant in a weight ratio of 2:1;
  • the fluoropolyether surfactant is polyperfluoromethylisopropyl Ether, purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., F135269-25g;
  • the silicon-based surfactant is cyclopentameric dimethylsilane, purchased from Anhui Aiyota Silicone Oil Co., Ltd., and the trade name is IOTA D5.
  • the drying described in step 4) has three drying stages.
  • the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.2h and the drying temperature is 150°C;
  • the drying time of the second drying stage is 0.2h and the drying temperature is 120°C. °C;
  • the drying time of the third drying stage is 0.5h, and the drying temperature is 80°C;
  • the dosage of the brushing protective agent in step 5) is 10 g/m 2 .
  • the raw materials of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board prepared in this example are as follows: the specific surface area of the gypsum clinker is 4265 cm 2 /g; the protective paper is a commercially available water-resistant protective paper.
  • the raw materials of the board core include in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 15 parts of composite waterproofing agent, 1 part of emulsion, 0.8 part of starch, 0.3 part of foaming agent solution and 70 parts of water.
  • the pH of the mixed solution of the composite waterproofing agent is 7.8.
  • the weight ratio of the sum of the weights of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent to water is 2:3.
  • the composite waterproofing agent is composed of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent.
  • the weight ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent is 2:10:3:2:1.
  • the fly ash is C class I grade, and the specific surface area of the fly ash is 4580 cm 2 /g, purchased from Hebei Huihao Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., and the trade name is 011;
  • the specific surface area of the ground slag was 4530 cm 2 /g.
  • the ground slag was purchased from Hebei Jiegui Mineral Products Co., Ltd. under the brand name of 8239120.
  • the silicone oil needs to be stirred at a speed of 1600r/min for 0.5h under a high-speed mixer before use.
  • the silane coupling agent of the organic waterproofing agent is KH-560.
  • the silane coupling agent was purchased from Hangzhou Jessica Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the emulsion is a polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion modified emulsion, and the solid content is 25%.
  • the emulsion was purchased from Nanjing Nanwei Chemical Co., Ltd., and the trade name is 707.
  • the starch was modified tapioca starch, and the gelatinization temperature was 72°C; the modified tapioca starch was purchased from Jinan Meinuoge Chemical Co., Ltd., and the brand name was 1220.
  • the foaming agent solution is composed of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, foam stabilizer silicone resin polyether emulsion and solvent water, and the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to foam stabilizer is 5:1 ; Stirring for 3 minutes at a rotational speed of 1800r/min prepares a foaming agent solution, and the mass fraction of the foaming agent solution is 0.25%.
  • the silicone resin polyether emulsion was purchased from Wuhan Dahua Weiye Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd., and the brand name is FM-70.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of the fluoropolyether surfactant and the silicon surfactant in the protective agent brushed on the surface of the protective paper is 1:1.
  • the fluoropolyether surfactant is polyperfluoromethyl isopropyl ether, purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., F135269-25g;
  • the silicon surfactant is acrylate silicone oil, purchased from Anhui IOTA Silicone Oil Co., Ltd., the trade name is IOTA 2240.
  • the preparation method of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, the difference is that the drying described in step 4) has three drying stages, and the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.3h, The drying temperature was 180°C; the drying time in the second drying stage was 0.3h, and the drying temperature was 120°C; the drying time in the third drying stage was 0.8h, and the drying temperature was 60°C.
  • step 5 the dosage of the brushing protective agent is 5 g/m 2 .
  • the raw materials of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board prepared in this example are as follows: the specific surface area of the gypsum clinker is 4068 cm 2 /g; the protective paper is commercially available water-resistant protective paper.
  • the raw materials of the board core include, in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 12 parts of composite waterproofing agent, 1.5 parts of emulsion, 0.4 part of starch, 0.05 part of foaming agent solution and 68 parts of water.
  • the composite waterproofing agent is composed of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent.
  • the weight ratio of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil and silane coupling agent is 1:13:5:3:3.
  • the pH of the mixed solution of the composite waterproofing agent is 7.2.
  • the weight ratio of the sum of the weight of fly ash, ground slag, quicklime, silicone oil, and silane coupling agent to water is 1:1.
  • the fly ash is C class I grade, and the specific surface area of the fly ash is 4809 cm 2 /g, purchased from Hebei Huihao Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., and the trade name is 011;
  • the specific surface area of the ground slag was 4125 cm 2 /g.
  • the ground slag was purchased from Hebei Jiegui Mineral Products Co., Ltd. under the trade name 8239120.
  • the silicone oil needs to be stirred at a speed of 1600r/min for 0.8h under a high-speed mixer before use.
  • the silane coupling agent of the organic waterproofing agent is KH-550.
  • the silane coupling agent was purchased from Hangzhou Jessica Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the emulsion is a styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the solid content is 27%.
  • the emulsion was purchased from BASF (China) Co., Ltd. under the trade name 505633445BCH.
  • the starch was modified potato starch, and the gelatinization temperature was 74° C.
  • the modified potato starch was purchased from Suzhou Yuanli Chemical Co., Ltd. under the brand name of 007486.
  • the foaming agent solution is composed of an anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, a foam stabilizer silicone resin polyether emulsion and solvent water, and the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to the foam stabilizer is 5:1; A foaming agent solution was prepared by stirring for 3 minutes at a rotational speed of 2000 r/min, and the mass fraction of the foaming agent solution was 0.2%.
  • the silicone resin polyether emulsion was purchased from Wuhan Dahua Weiye Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd., and the brand name is FM-70.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of fluoropolyether surfactant and silicon surfactant in the protective agent brushed on the surface of the protective paper is 3:1.
  • the fluoropolyether surfactant is polyperfluoromethyl isopropyl ether, purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., F135269-25g;
  • the silicon surfactant is hexamethyldisiloxane , purchased from Anhui Aiyota Silicone Oil Co., Ltd., the trade name is IOTA 005.
  • the preparation method of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, the difference is that the drying described in step 4) has three drying stages, the drying time of the first drying stage is 0.4h, and the drying temperature The drying time of the second drying stage is 0.5h, and the drying temperature is 130°C; the drying time of the third drying stage is 0.8h, and the drying temperature is 50°C.
  • step 5 the dosage of the brushing protective agent is 15 g/m 2 .
  • the face covering paper used in this example is a commercially available ordinary face covering paper, and other raw materials and gypsum board preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1.
  • the modified corn starch used in this example adopts the test method in the Chinese chemical industry standard HG/T 3932-2007, the sample concentration is 5%, the temperature is 25°C, the rotor number is 3, the rotational speed is 6r/min, and the peak viscosity is 2592mPa ⁇ s.
  • the weight and dosage ratio of fluoropolyether surfactant and silicon surfactant in the protective agent brushed on the surface of the protective paper is 3:1.
  • the fluoropolyether surfactants are polyperfluoromethyl isopropyl ether and perfluorobutyl ethyl ether, which were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and the grades are F135269-25g and E305096-5g, respectively.
  • the mass ratio of fluoromethyl isopropyl ether and perfluorobutyl ether is 1:1;
  • the silicon-based surfactant is hexamethyldisiloxane, purchased from Anhui Aiyota Silicone Oil Co., Ltd., and the trade name is IOTA005 .
  • the composite waterproofing agent was not added to the paper-faced gypsum board prepared in this comparative example, and other raw materials and the preparation method of the gypsum board were the same as those in Example 1.
  • Silicone oil and silane coupling agent are not involved in the composite waterproofing agent of the gypsum board prepared in this comparative example, other raw materials and the preparation method of the gypsum board are the same as those in Example 1.
  • the composite waterproofing agent of the paper-faced gypsum board prepared in this comparative example does not involve fly ash, ground slag and quicklime, and other raw materials and the preparation method of the gypsum board are the same as those in Example 1.
  • the content of the waterproofing agent component in this comparative example is: 1 part of silicone oil, which is stirred at a speed of 1600 r/min for 0.6 h under a high-speed mixer to obtain a waterproofing agent.
  • Other raw materials and the preparation method of gypsum board are the same as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials of the high-strength water-resistant gypsum board core prepared in this comparative example include, in parts by weight: 100 parts of gypsum clinker, 0.5 part of composite waterproofing agent, and 0.1 part of emulsion.
  • Table 1 The statistical table of the sheet properties of the embodiment and the comparative example
  • the gypsum boards prepared in the examples of the present application After being subjected to moisture treatment, the gypsum boards prepared in the examples of the present application have very little moisture deflection, almost no deformation, and the horizontal and vertical loads are reduced by about 5%; Loads dropped by 5% to 30%. It can be seen that the gypsum board prepared in this example has better moisture resistance and waterproof performance, and also has better mechanical properties after moisture absorption.

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Abstract

一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法，所述石膏板包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、1份至20份复合防水剂和0.2份至5份乳液；所述复合防水剂包含粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂；所述护面纸与空气接触的一面涂覆有保护剂，所述保护剂包括氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂。本申请采用表层增加保护膜和内部添加复合防水剂结合的方式全方位提高板材的防水性能，同时具备提高石膏板的力学性能的效果。

Description

一种耐水纸面石膏板及其制备方法 技术领域
本文涉及建筑材料及纸面石膏板技术领域，尤指一种耐水石膏板及其制备方法。
背景技术
纸面石膏板作为一种常见的家装材料，因其材质轻、施工方便、耐火、隔音性能好、绿色环保和可塑性高等优点，而广泛被用做吊顶、隔墙、内墙贴面、天花板、吸声板等。但是当普通纸面石膏板用于如卫生间、沐浴室和厨房等环境湿度较大的空间装修时，由于石膏板是多孔结构，空气中的水分会顺着石膏板内部的孔洞和毛细管道进到硬化体内部，使石膏硬化体中的结晶接触点溶解，并发生再结晶现象，使石膏板强度降低，导致板材吸水塌陷脱落情况的出现。因此，为满足湿度较大空间装修使用石膏板的需求而使用防水石膏板，防水石膏板是指这类板材在根据美国ASTM标准作防水实验时，其吸水率为5％，即能够用于湿度较大的区域。
发明概述
本申请提供了一种高强度耐水纸面石膏板，通过复合防水剂，并在纸面石膏板表层涂刷一层保护剂的方式隔绝与水汽接触，采用表层增加保护膜和内部添加复合防水剂结合的方式全方位提高板材的防水性能，同时还提高石膏板的力学性能。
本申请提供了一种纸面石膏板，所述石膏板包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、1份至20份复合防水剂和0.2份至5份乳液；
所述复合防水剂包含粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂；
所述护面纸与空气接触的一面涂覆有保护剂，所述保护剂包括氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，纸面石膏板由以上原料组成。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述板芯原料按100重量份石膏熟料计，还包括0.4份至1份淀粉和0.01份至1份发泡剂溶液。可选地，板芯原料还包括水，所述水的用量为60份至70份。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的重量用量比为(1至20):(1至20):(0.1至5):(0.01至5):(0.1至5)；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的用量比为(1至5):(5至15):(2至5):(1至3):(1至3)；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，复合防水剂中的粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰中与水混合后，溶解后与水产生OH -和Ca 2+，OH -使粉料中的活性氧化硅、氧化铝中的Si-O、Al-O键断裂，在碱性环境下，Ca 2+与断裂的Si-O、Al-O键反应，生成具有溶解度低的水硬性的、致密的胶凝物质水化硅酸钙凝胶、钙矾石。当该无机防水剂与石膏熟料混合时，钙矾石晶体之间交叉相连，与凝胶状的水化硅酸钙一起覆盖在二水石膏表面，使得最后得到的板材具有较好的耐水性，未水化的粉煤灰与石膏颗粒填充在水化产物的缝隙中，使得板材更为均匀和致密。复合防水剂中的其他组分使水难以在有机硅防水层上铺展，并能均匀的涂覆在基材上，而不封闭基材的透气性微孔；同时能降低基材的表面能，使其具有憎水性。并且不同于添加单一的硅油会因受其他添加剂的影响而使其防水性能减弱，本申请中所述的有机防水剂可在板材中稳定发挥其防水功能。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；所述磨细矿渣的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述复合防水剂的pH值为7至9。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述硅烷偶联剂选自Si69、KH-550、KH-560和KH-570中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述石膏熟料的比表面积为3200cm 2/g至4800cm 2/g；所述石膏熟料主要成分为半水硫酸钙，由天然石膏或工业副产石膏制备而成，所述熟料的制备方法可采用本领域常用的方法进行。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述的乳液为聚乙酸乙烯酯改性乳液、聚醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液、苯丙乳液中的任意一种或更多种，固含量为20％至30％。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述淀粉为改性淀粉；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述淀粉选自改性玉米淀粉、改性高粱淀粉、改性木薯淀粉和改性马铃薯淀粉中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述的淀粉的糊化温度为70℃至75℃。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述发泡剂溶液为阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂为溶质的溶液；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.2％至0.6％；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂的重量比为(3至7):1。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述稳泡剂选自硅树脂聚醚乳液和聚乙烯醇中的任意一种或两种。
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.1至2)；
优选地，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.5至2)；
在本申请的一种实施方式中，所述保护剂在护面纸上的用量为1g/m 2至20g/m 2。
另一方面，本申请提供了上述纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂与一部分水混合均匀得到复合防水剂；
2)将石膏熟料、乳液、淀粉和复合防水剂和剩余的水混合均匀，形成料浆；
3)将料浆与发泡剂溶液混合均匀，并浇筑在护面纸上，搭接粘牢成型，制成湿板；
4)待湿板凝固后，进入干燥机；
5)在4)所得干燥后的石膏板护面纸上涂刷一层保护剂，即为纸面石膏板。
可选地，所述粉煤灰为C类I级；
在本申请提供的纸面石膏板制备方法中，步骤4)中所述的干燥为干燥温度递减的两个以上的干燥阶段。
在本申请提供的纸面石膏板制备方法中，步骤4)中所述的干燥共有三个干燥阶段，第一干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至0.5h，干燥温度为150℃至200℃；第二干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至1h，干燥温度为100℃至150℃；第三干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至1h，干燥温度为45℃至100℃。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的其他优点可通过在说明书中所描述的方案来发明实现和获得。
详述
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
本申请实施例提供了一种纸面石膏板，所述石膏板包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、1份至20份复合防水剂和0.2份至5份乳液；
所述复合防水剂包含粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂；
所述护面纸与空气接触的一面涂覆有保护剂，所述保护剂包括氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂。
所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂的定义为一种由C—F键、C—O键和C—C键组成的全氟聚合物的表面活性剂。
所述硅类表面活性剂的定义为以聚二甲基硅氧烷为疏水主链，在其中间 位或端位连接一个或多个有机极性基团而构成的一类表面活性剂；
所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂可以选自聚全氟甲基异丙基醚、双端羟基全氟聚醚、氟醚油、六氟异丙基甲醚和全氟丁基乙醚中的任意一种或更多种；
所述硅类表面活性剂可以选自环五聚二甲基硅烷、丙烯酸脂硅油、六甲基二硅氧烷、八甲基环四硅氧烷和聚甲级苯基硅氧烷中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请实施例中，所述板芯原料按100重量份石膏熟料计，还包括0.4份至1份淀粉和0.01份至1份发泡剂溶液。可选地，所述板芯的原料还包括水，所述水的用量为60至70份。
在本申请实施例中，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的重量用量比为(1至20):(1至20):(0.1至5):(0.01至5):(0.1至5)；
在本申请实施例中，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的用量比为(1至5):(5至15):(2至5):(1至3):(1至3)；
在本申请实施例中，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；所述磨细矿渣的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；
在本申请实施例中，所述复合防水剂的pH值为7至9。
在本申请实施例中，所述硅烷偶联剂选自Si69、KH-550、KH-560和KH-570中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请实施例中，所述石膏熟料的比表面积为3200cm 2/g至4800cm 2/g；所述石膏熟料主要成分为半水硫酸钙，由天然石膏或工业副产石膏制备而成，所述熟料的制备方法可采用本领域常用的方法进行。
在本申请实施例中，所述的乳液为聚乙酸乙烯酯改性乳液、聚醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液、苯丙乳液中的任意一种或更多种，固含量为20％至30％。
在本申请实施例中，所述淀粉为改性淀粉；
在本申请实施例中，所述淀粉选自改性玉米淀粉、改性高粱淀粉、改性木薯淀粉和改性马铃薯淀粉中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请实施例中，所述的淀粉的糊化温度为70℃至75℃。
在本申请实施例中，所述发泡剂溶液为阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂为溶质的溶液；
在本申请实施例中，发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.2％至0.6％；
在本申请实施例中，所述阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂的重量比为(3至7):1。
在本申请实施例中，所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请实施例中，所述稳泡剂选自硅树脂聚醚乳液和聚乙烯醇中的任意一种或两种。
在本申请实施例中，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.1至2)；
优选地，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.5至2)；
在本申请实施例中，所述保护剂在护面纸上的用量为1g/m 2至20g/m 2。
在本申请提供的纸面石膏板制备方法中，步骤4)中所述的干燥为干燥温度递减的两个以上的干燥阶段。
在本申请提供的纸面石膏板制备方法中，步骤4)中所述的干燥共有三个干燥阶段，第一干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至0.5h，干燥温度为150℃至200℃；第二干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至1h，干燥温度为100℃至150℃；第三干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h至1h，干燥温度为45℃至100℃。
实施例1
本实施例中制备的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的各原料具体为：石膏熟料的比表面积为3980cm 2/g；所述护面纸为市售耐水护面纸。
所述板芯的原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、10份复合防水剂，0.5份乳液，0.6份淀粉、0.2份发泡剂溶液以及70份水。
所述复合防水剂由粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂和水组成。粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂的重量比为1:5:2:1:1。 复合防水剂的混合溶液PH为7.5。
粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂重量之和与水的重量比为1:2，
粉煤灰为C类I级，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4350cm 2/g，购自河北辉浩环保科技有限公司，牌号为011；
磨细矿渣的比表面积在4230cm 2/g。所述磨细矿渣购自河北捷贵矿产品有限公司，牌号为8239120。
所述的硅油使用前需在高速搅拌机中以1600r/min的转速搅拌0.6h。
所述有机防水剂的硅烷偶联剂为KH-570。所述硅烷偶联剂购自杭州杰西卡化工有限公司。
所述的乳液为聚乙酸乙烯酯改性乳液，固含量为22％。所述乳液购自巴斯夫(中国)有限公司，牌号为1318。
所述淀粉为改性玉米淀粉，糊化温度为75℃；所述改性玉米淀粉购自吴江市普化化轻有限公司，牌号为154。
所述发泡剂溶液由阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与稳泡剂硅树脂聚醚乳液和溶剂水组成，所述阴离子表面活性剂与稳泡剂的重量比为4:1；在1800r/min的转速下搅拌3min制备成发泡剂溶液，所述发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.2％。所述硅树脂聚醚乳液购自武汉大华伟业医药化工有限公司，牌号为FM-70。
护面纸表面涂刷的保护剂包括氟聚醚类表面活性剂、硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为2:1；所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂为聚全氟甲基异丙基醚，购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司，F135269-25g；所述硅类表面活性剂为环五聚二甲基硅烷，购自安徽艾约塔硅油有限公司，牌号为IOTA D5。
本实施例的高强度耐水纸面石膏板通过以下方法制备得到：
1)将粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂与一部分水混合均匀得到复合防水剂；
2)将石膏熟料、乳液、淀粉和复合防水剂和剩余的水混合均匀，形成料浆；
3)将料浆与发泡剂溶液混合均匀，并浇筑在护面纸上，搭接粘牢成型，制成湿板；
4)待湿板凝固后，进入干燥机干燥；
5)在4)所得干燥后的石膏板护面纸上涂刷一层保护剂，即为纸面石膏板。
本实施例中步骤4)中所述的干燥共有三个干燥阶段，第一干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h，干燥温度为150℃；第二干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.2h，干燥温度为120℃；第三干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.5h，干燥温度为80℃；
本实施例中步骤5)中涂刷保护剂的用量为10g/m 2。
实施例2
本实施例中制备的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的各原料具体为：石膏熟料的比表面积为4265cm 2/g；所述护面纸为市售耐水护面纸。
所述板芯的原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、15份复合防水剂，1份乳液，0.8份淀粉、0.3份发泡剂溶液以及70份水。复合防水剂的混合溶液PH为7.8。
粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂重量之和与水的重量比为2:3。
所述复合防水剂由粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂组成。粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂的重量比为2:10:3:2:1。
粉煤灰为C类I级，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4580cm 2/g，购自河北辉浩环保科技有限公司，牌号为011；
磨细矿渣的比表面积在4530cm 2/g所述磨细矿渣购自河北捷贵矿产品有限公司，牌号为8239120。
所述的硅油使用前需在高速搅拌机下以1600r/min的转速搅拌0.5h。
所述有机防水剂的硅烷偶联剂为KH-560。所述硅烷偶联剂购自杭州杰西卡化工有限公司。
所述的乳液为聚醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液改性乳液，固含量为25％。所述 乳液购自南京南维化工有限公司，牌号为707。
所述淀粉为改性木薯淀粉，糊化温度为72℃；所述改性木薯淀粉购自济南美诺格化工有限公司，牌号为1220。
所述发泡剂溶液由阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与稳泡剂硅树脂聚醚乳液和溶剂水组成，所述阴离子表面活性剂与稳泡剂的重量比为5:1；在1800r/min的转速下搅拌3min制备成发泡剂溶液，所述发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.25％。所述硅树脂聚醚乳液购自武汉大华伟业医药化工有限公司，牌号为FM-70。
护面纸表面涂刷的保护剂中氟聚醚类表面活性剂、硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:1。所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂为聚全氟甲基异丙基醚，购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司，F135269-25g；所述硅类表面活性剂为丙烯酸脂硅油，购自安徽艾约塔硅油有限公司，牌号为IOTA 2240。
本实施例的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的制备方法与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于步骤4)中所述的干燥共有三个干燥阶段，第一干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.3h，干燥温度为180℃；第二干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.3h，干燥温度为120℃；第三干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.8h，干燥温度为60℃。
步骤5)中涂刷保护剂的用量为5g/m 2。
实施例3
本实施例中制备的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的各原料具体为：石膏熟料的比表面积为4068cm 2/g；所述护面纸为市售耐水护面纸。
所述板芯的原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、12份复合防水剂，1.5份乳液，0.4份淀粉、0.05份发泡剂溶液以及68份水。
所述复合防水剂由粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂组成。粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂的重量比为1:13:5:3:3。复合防水剂的混合溶液PH为7.2。
粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂重量之和与水的重量比为1:1。
粉煤灰为C类I级，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4809cm 2/g，购自河北辉 浩环保科技有限公司，牌号为011；
磨细矿渣的比表面积在4125cm 2/g。所述磨细矿渣购自河北捷贵矿产品有限公司，牌号为8239120。
所述的硅油使用前需在高速搅拌机下以1600r/min的转速搅拌0.8h。
所述有机防水剂的硅烷偶联剂为KH-550。所述硅烷偶联剂购自杭州杰西卡化工有限公司。
所述的乳液为苯丙乳液，固含量为27％。所述乳液购自巴斯夫(中国)有限公司，牌号为505633445BCH。
所述淀粉为改性马铃薯淀粉，糊化温度为74℃；所述改性马铃薯淀粉购自苏州源立化工有限公司，牌号为007486。
发泡剂溶液由阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠与稳泡剂硅树脂聚醚乳液和溶剂水组成，所述阴离子表面活性剂与稳泡剂的重量比为5:1；在2000r/min的转速下搅拌3min制备成发泡剂溶液，所述发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.2％。所述硅树脂聚醚乳液购自武汉大华伟业医药化工有限公司，牌号为FM-70。
护面纸表面涂刷的保护剂中氟聚醚类表面活性剂、硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为3:1。所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂为聚全氟甲基异丙基醚，购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司，F135269-25g；所述硅类表面活性剂为六甲基二硅氧烷，购自安徽艾约塔硅油有限公司，牌号为IOTA 005。
本实施例的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的制备方法与实施例1基本相同，区别在于步骤4)中所述的干燥共有三个干燥阶段，第一干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.4h，干燥温度为160℃；第二干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.5h，干燥温度为130℃；第三干燥阶段的干燥时间为0.8h，干燥温度为50℃。
步骤5)中涂刷保护剂的用量为15g/m 2。
实施例4
本实施例中所用护面纸为市售普通护面纸，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本实施例中所用改性玉米淀粉采用中国化工行业标准HG/T 3932—2007中的测试方法，样品浓度为5％，温度为25℃，转子号为3，转速为6r/min，峰值黏度为2592mPa·s。
护面纸表面涂刷的保护剂中氟聚醚类表面活性剂、硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为3:1。所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂为聚全氟甲基异丙基醚和全氟丁基乙醚，购自上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司，牌号分别为F135269-25g和E305096-5g，聚全氟甲基异丙基醚和全氟丁基乙醚的质量比为1:1；所述硅类表面活性剂为六甲基二硅氧烷，购自安徽艾约塔硅油有限公司，牌号为IOTA005。
除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例1
本对比例中制备的纸面石膏板中不添加复合防水剂，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例2
本对比例制备的纸面石膏板中不使用保护剂涂覆护面纸，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例3
本对比例制备的纸面石膏板的复合防水剂中不涉及硅油和硅烷偶联剂，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例4
本对比例制备的纸面石膏板的复合防水剂中不涉及粉煤灰、磨细矿渣和生石灰，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例5
本对比例中防水剂组分的含量为：硅油1份，在高速搅拌机下以1600r/min的转速搅拌0.6h，得到防水剂。除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例6
本对比例中制备的高强度耐水纸面石膏板的原料中不添加乳液，除此之外的其他原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例7
本对比例中制备的高强度耐水纸面石膏板板芯的原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、0.5份复合防水剂，0.1份乳液。
本对比例除原料重量比以外的其它原料和石膏板制备方法均与实施例1相同。
性能测试
根据中国国家标准GB/T 9775-2008测试上述实施例和对比例制备的9.5mm纸面石膏板的面密度、横、纵向断裂载荷、板面与水的接触角，并在(32±2)℃湿度(90±3)％的受潮挠度试验箱中放置48h后测其受潮挠度，及其受潮后的横、纵向断裂载荷。测试结果如表1所示：
表1 实施例和对比例的板材性能统计表
Figure PCTCN2021108236-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021108236-appb-000002
由表1可知，与市场上现有流通的9.5mm纸面石膏板(面密度：6.5kg/m 2至7.0kg/m 2，断裂荷载横向平均值185N左右，纵向平均值420N左右)相比，本申请实施例制备的纸面石膏板面密度约为6.40kg/m 2，面密度更低，力学性能更优良。
经过受潮处理后，本申请实施例制备的纸面石膏板受潮挠度很小，几乎无变形，横纵载荷下降了约5％；而对比例的纸面石膏板都有不同程度的变形，横纵载荷下降了5％至30％。由此可见，本实施例制备的纸面石膏板耐潮防水性能更好，吸潮后的力学性能也较好。
本公开内容是本申请实施例的原则的示例，并非对本申请做出任何形式上或实质上的限定，或将本申请限定到具体的实施方案。对本领域的技术人员而言，很显然本申请实施例的技术方案的要素、方法和系统等，可以进行变动、改变、改动、演变，而不背离如上所述的本申请的实施例、技术方案的，如权利要求中所定义的原理、精神和范围。这些变动、改变、改动、变的实施方案均包括在本申请的等同实施例内，这些等同实施例均包括在本申请的由权利要求界定的范围内。虽然可以许多不同形式来使本申请实施例具体化，但此处详细描述的是本申请的一些实施方案。此外，本申请的实施例包括此处所述的各种实施方案的一些或全部的任意可能的组合，也包括在本申请的由权利要求界定的范围内。在本申请中或在任一个引用的专利、引用的专利申请或其它引用的资料中任何地方所提及的所有专利、专利申请和其它引用资料据此通过引用以其整体并入。
以上公开内容规定为说明性的而不是穷尽性的。对于本领域技术人员来说，本说明书会暗示许多变化和可选择方案。所有这些可选择方案和变化旨在被包括在本权利要求的范围内，其中术语“包括”意思是“包括，但不限于”。
在此完成了对本申请可选择的实施方案的描述。本领域技术人员可认识到此处所述的实施方案的其它等效变换，这些等效变换也为由附于本文的权利要求所包括。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种纸面石膏板，所述石膏板包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯的原料按重量份计包括：100份石膏熟料、1份至20份复合防水剂和0.2份至5份乳液；
    所述复合防水剂包含粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油和硅烷偶联剂；
    所述护面纸与空气接触的一面涂覆有保护剂，所述保护剂包括氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述板芯的原料按100重量份石膏熟料计，还包括0.4份至1份淀粉和0.01份至1份发泡剂溶液；
    可选地，所述板芯的原料还包括水，所述水的用量为60份至70份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的重量用量比为(1至20):(1至20):(0.1至5):(0.01至5):(0.1至5)；
    优选地，所述复合防水剂中粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂的用量比为(1至5):(5至15):(2至5):(1至3):(1至3)；
    可选地，所述粉煤灰的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；所述磨细矿渣的比表面积为4000cm 2/g至5000cm 2/g；
    可选地，所述复合防水剂的pH值为7至9。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述硅烷偶联剂选自Si69、KH-550、KH-560和KH-570中的任意一种或更多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述石膏熟料的比表面积为3200cm 2/g至4800cm 2/g；
    可选地，所述的乳液为聚乙酸乙烯酯改性乳液、聚醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液、苯丙乳液中的任意一种或更多种，固含量为20％至30％。
  6. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述淀粉为改性淀粉；
    可选地，所述淀粉选自改性玉米淀粉、改性高粱淀粉、改性木薯淀粉和 改性马铃薯淀粉中的任意一种或更多种；可选地，所述的淀粉的糊化温度为70℃至75℃。
  7. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述发泡剂溶液为阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂为溶质的溶液，
    可选地，发泡剂溶液的质量分数为0.2％至0.6％；
    可选地，所述阴离子表面活性剂和稳泡剂的重量比为(3至7):1。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠中的任意一种或更多种；
    可选地，所述稳泡剂选自硅树脂聚醚乳液和聚乙烯醇中的任意一种或两种。
  9. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的纸面石膏板，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.1至2)；
    优选地，所述氟聚醚类表面活性剂和硅类表面活性剂的重量用量比为1:(0.5至2)；
    可选地，所述保护剂在护面纸上的用量为1g/m 2至20g/m 2。
  10. 一种权利要求2至7中任一项所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    1)将粉煤灰、磨细矿渣、生石灰、硅油、硅烷偶联剂与一部分水混合均匀得到复合防水剂；
    2)将石膏熟料、乳液、淀粉和复合防水剂和剩余的水混合均匀，形成料浆；
    3)将料浆与发泡剂溶液混合均匀，并浇筑在护面纸上，搭接粘牢成型，制成湿板；
    4)待湿板凝固后，进入干燥机；
    5)在4)所得干燥后的石膏板护面纸上涂刷一层保护剂，即为纸面石膏板。
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