WO2022012945A1 - Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et véhicule à pile à combustible - Google Patents

Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et véhicule à pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012945A1
WO2022012945A1 PCT/EP2021/068153 EP2021068153W WO2022012945A1 WO 2022012945 A1 WO2022012945 A1 WO 2022012945A1 EP 2021068153 W EP2021068153 W EP 2021068153W WO 2022012945 A1 WO2022012945 A1 WO 2022012945A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heat exchanger
coolant cooler
coolant
fuel cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/068153
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Achim Koppehel
Thomas Strauss
Original Assignee
Mahle International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International Gmbh filed Critical Mahle International Gmbh
Publication of WO2022012945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012945A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0234—Header boxes; End plates having a second heat exchanger disposed there within, e.g. oil cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F28F9/0256—Arrangements for coupling connectors with flow lines
    • F28F9/0258—Arrangements for coupling connectors with flow lines of quick acting type, e.g. with snap action
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04059—Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0043—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0295—Other particular headers or end plates comprising cooling circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat carrier arrangement for cooling a fuel cell with a coolant cooler and a water atomization device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a fuel cell vehicle with such a heat exchanger arrangement and a method for cooling a fuel cell with such a heat exchanger arrangement.
  • the cooling of a fuel cell differs greatly from the cooling of an internal combustion engine in terms of maximum waste heat and maximum coolant temperature in order to be able to ensure adequate cooling without damage.
  • the internal combustion engine With the internal combustion engine, a large part of the waste heat is dissipated via the exhaust gas, which is not possible with the fuel cell, or only to a significantly lesser extent.
  • the maximum coolant temperature in the combustion engine can be significantly higher, for example between 90 and 100 °C, while this maximum coolant temperature in the fuel cell is only between 75 and 90 °C. For this reason, a heat exchanger with significantly increased specific heat transfer compared to the internal combustion engine is required to cool a fuel cell vehicle.
  • a generic heat exchanger arrangement is known from US Pat. No. 4,771,822 B, with a coolant cooler and a water atomization device, which has at least one nozzle to increase the cooling effect and introduces water into an air flow upstream of the coolant cooler. Also provided is a heating device for heating the water to be atomized.
  • Another heat exchanger arrangement with a coolant cooler and a water atomization device with at least one nozzle is known from DE 2358631 A1, which introduces water into an air flow upstream of the coolant cooler.
  • a heat exchanger is known from DE 102010036502 A1, which in turn sprays a nozzle into an air flow flowing through a coolant cooler and is intended to increase its cooling effect as a result.
  • Such a cooler is also known from US Pat. No. 5,101,775.
  • the disadvantage of the generic heat exchanger arrangements known from the prior art is that they require a comparatively large amount of installation space and use a lot of energy.
  • the present invention is therefore concerned with the problem of specifying an improved or at least an alternative embodiment for a heat exchanger arrangement of the generic type, which in particular overcomes the disadvantages known from the prior art.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea of effecting the cooling performance of a heat exchanger arrangement by spraying atomized water into an airflow flowing through a coolant cooler and previously tempering the water to be sprayed in with the coolant of the coolant cooler, in particular heating it.
  • This makes it possible to dispense with a separate temperature control device for temperature control, in particular for heating, the water to be atomized and to use the energy of the coolant present in the coolant cooler for this purpose, as a result of which it can be cooled and the cooling capacity can be increased again.
  • the heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention has, in a known manner, the coolant cooler described above and a water atomization device, the coolant cooler being designed in such a way that a coolant flow flows through it from a distribution box via a heat exchanger block, for example with flat tubes, to a collection box and an air flow flows transversely thereto .
  • the water atomization device has at least one nozzle via which the water can be atomized and introduced into the air flow upstream of the coolant cooler.
  • a temperature control device for temperature control, in particular for heating, of the water to be atomized is also provided upstream of the nozzle now according to the invention has at least one feed pipe, which runs through the distributor box or the header tank of the coolant cooler, whereby of course two feed pipes can also be provided as an alternative, of which a first feed pipe runs through the distributor box and a second feed pipe runs through the header tank of the coolant cooler.
  • Running through the collection box or distribution box is intended to mean that at least part of the feed pipe runs through the distribution box or collection box and the water that is guided in the feed pipe and intended for atomization is heated there by the hot coolant present in the coolant cooler.
  • At least one feed pipe is provided, which runs through the distributor box of the coolant cooler, since the comparatively hot coolant can still transfer a lot of heat energy to the water there.
  • the heated water enables particularly effective cooling. This is because hot water can be sublimated from the air more quickly, meaning more water can be absorbed into the air in the same amount of time, increasing the effectiveness of the sublimation process. As a result, more heat is extracted from the air and the air is cooled more.
  • the heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention can be compared to heat exchanger arrangements with separate temperature control devices known from the prior art, not only more cost-effectively, but also optimized in terms of space requirements.
  • the feed pipe is expediently designed as a metal pipe, in particular as an aluminum pipe or as a pipe made from the same material as the collection box or distributor box, and is in direct contact with the coolant within the respective box. Water thus flows within the feed pipe to the nozzle, while the feed pipe is surrounded by coolant on the outside within the respective box.
  • the feed pipe In order to achieve the highest possible heat transfer and to be able to heat the water flowing in the feed pipe to the highest possible temperature, it is particularly preferable for the feed pipe to be located at least partially in the distributor box of the coolant cooler, in which the temperature of the coolant is higher than in the Collection box, runs. With such a metal tube, a comparatively high heat transfer is possible even over a short distance.
  • the distribution box and/or the collecting box are/is designed as a plastic injection molded part, with the at least one feed pipe being injected at the same time.
  • a feed tube can be made of plastic, but it is preferably made of metal and is inserted, for example, into a plastic injection mold. In this way, a comparatively simple, high-quality and nevertheless cost-effective production of the distribution box or the collection box can be achieved.
  • heat transfer elements in particular ribs, arranged.
  • Such heat exchanger elements increase the area available for heat transfer and cause a high heat transfer from the coolant to the water to be atomized over a comparatively short stretch of the feed pipe in the distribution box or in the collection box.
  • the temperature control device also has a separate heat exchanger and/or a separate electrical temperature control device.
  • a separate heat exchanger and/or a separate electrical temperature control device.
  • This offers the possibility, when a particularly high cooling capacity is required, of additionally and quickly tempering the water to be atomized, in particular of heating it up, and thereby intensifying the cooling effect.
  • Such an electrical temperature control device can be designed, for example, as a pipe trace heating and can be produced inexpensively. If necessary, this can be switched on via appropriate circuits and used to additionally heat the water to be atomized in the feed pipe.
  • the integration of an additional heat exchanger for example a refrigerant cooler, through which a corresponding supply pipe runs, is also conceivable.
  • the water atomization device is expediently connected to the coolant cooler via plug connections or clip connections.
  • a plug-in coupling is provided at its free end, via which a comparatively simple plugging in of the water atomization device or corresponding nozzles is possible.
  • a distribution pipe of the water atomization device can also be fixed to the radiator by means of appropriate retaining clips on the coolant. In this way, in particular, rapid and inexpensive assembly can take place.
  • the water atomization device or the nozzle compared comparatively simply by loosening the plug connection or clip connections disconnected from the coolant radiator.
  • connection between the water atomization device and the coolant cooler or between the feed pipe and a nozzle is glued, for example.
  • the present invention is also based on the general idea of equipping a fuel cell vehicle with a fuel cell and a heat exchanger arrangement in accordance with the previous paragraphs.
  • This is particularly useful for fuel cell vehicles, in which only a small part of the waste heat generated can be dissipated via an exhaust gas (condensate) compared to a combustion engine, and a significantly lower maximum coolant temperature of approx. 75 to 90 °C is reached the use of the heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention, since this enables significantly increased performance in comparison to previous heat exchanger arrangements with the same or even reduced installation space and without additional energy expenditure, such as a more powerful fan.
  • the fuel cell vehicle according to the invention makes use of the basic idea of the invention, not only to use the water to be atomized to increase the cooling capacity of the coolant cooler by sprinkling a heat exchanger block and evaporation, but also to use the water to be atomized to increase performance by the coolant flowing in the coolant cooler to preheat and thereby also to cool the coolant itself.
  • a space-optimized, high-performance and low-consumption heat exchanger arrangement can be created. All this contributes to an increase in the performance of the fuel cell vehicle, in particular to an increase in its range.
  • the water for the water atomization device contains condensate from the fuel cell.
  • the condensate produced in the fuel cell during operation which also already has an elevated temperature, can also be used in the fuel cell vehicle according to the invention to cool the coolant cooler, thereby increasing the efficiency of the fuel cell vehicle.
  • the present invention is also based on the general idea of specifying a method for cooling a fuel cell with a heat exchanger arrangement corresponding to the previous paragraphs, in which a coolant cooler flows through the distribution box via the heat exchanger block to the collection box from a coolant flow and transversely thereto from an air flow flows through.
  • the water atomization device atomizes water with at least one nozzle and introduces this upstream of the coolant cooler into an air flow flowing through the coolant cooler.
  • this water is passed through a feed pipe running through the junction box or the collection box, preferably through the junction box, of the coolant cooler and is heated atomization device upstream of the nozzle of the water atomizer.
  • the temperature control, in particular the heating, of the water to be atomized is carried out by a separate heat exchanger or a separate electrical temperature control device, which, however, in the best case only functions as an additional heater.
  • condensate from the fuel cell is used as the water for the water atomization device.
  • the already preheated condensate from the fuel cell can be used as preheated water for atomization in the air flow in front of the coolant cooler and thus the thermal energy inherent in the condensate, which means that the efficiency can be increased.
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of a heat exchanger arrangement according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a representation as in Fig. 1, but in a view from above,
  • heat exchanger arrangement 4 shows a representation as in FIG. 3, but in a view from above,
  • FIG. 5 shows a heat exchanger arrangement, not covered by the invention, with a separate heat exchanger or a separate temperature control device for heating the water to be atomized
  • FIG. 6 shows a view from above of the heat exchanger arrangement shown in FIG. 5,
  • Fig. 7 shows a representation as in Fig. 5, but with a different embodiment
  • FIG. 8 shows a representation as in FIG. 7, but in a view from above.
  • a heat exchanger arrangement 1 for cooling a fuel cell 2 has a coolant cooler 3 and a water atomization device 4 .
  • the coolant cooler 3 has a distribution box 10, a collection box 11 and a heat exchanger block 13 arranged between them with respect to a coolant flow 12.
  • the water atomization device 4 has at least one nozzle 5, via which the water 6 can be atomized and upstream of the coolant cooler 3 into an air flow 7 (cf. 2 and 4) can be introduced.
  • upstream of the respective nozzle 5 or nozzles 5 there is a temperature control device 8 for temperature control, in particular for heating, but possibly also for cooling, the water 6 to be atomized, with this temperature control device 8 having at least one feed pipe 9, 9'.
  • junction box 10 (see FIG. Fig. 1 and 2) o- which runs through the collection box 11 of the coolant cooler 3 or where two feed pipes 9, 9' are provided, of which a first feed pipe 9 runs through the distribution box 10 and a second feed pipe 9' through the collection box 11 of the coolant cooler 3 (cf. Fig. 3 and 4).
  • the heat exchanger arrangement 1 it is thus possible for the first time to achieve the cooling capacity of the coolant cooler 3 by atomizing water 6 upstream of the coolant cooler 3 in relation to the air flow 7 and thereby further support the increased cooling capacity in that the water 6 to be atomized before is heated by the atomization, namely by the coolant of the coolant cooler 3.
  • at least one feed pipe 9, 9' runs at least partially through the coolant cooler 3 or the distribution box 10 and/or the collection box 11 of the same and uses the higher temperature of the coolant for heating the water 6 to be atomized.
  • a particularly effective and powerful coolant cooler 3 can be created ge, which has a comparatively high efficiency.
  • the supply pipe 9 can preferably be designed as a metal pipe, in particular as an aluminum pipe, or as a pipe made of the same material as the collection box 11 or the distribution box 10 and is in direct contact with the coolant, that is to say the coolant flow 12. It is also conceivable here that the distribution box 10 and/or the collecting box 11 is in the form of a plastic injection molded part and the respective supply pipe 9, 9' is injected as an insert into the respective box 10, 11. As a result, the idea of the invention can be implemented inexpensively, with high quality and at the same time in a simple manner in terms of production technology.
  • a separate temperature control device 14 or a separate heat exchanger 15, as is the case with the embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 8, can preferably be dispensed with.
  • heat exchanger elements 16 (see, for example, FIG Coolants act telstrom 12 and cause improved heat transfer from the coolant telstrom 12 to the water 6 to be atomized.
  • the water atomization device 4 can, for example, be connected to the coolant cooler 3 via plug-in connections 17 or clip connections 18, whereby a comparatively simple, space-optimized and quick and therefore also cost-effective assembly and possibly also a disassembly from the coolant cooler 3 is possible.
  • a nozzle 5 of the water atomization device 4 can be connected, for example, to the respective supply pipe 9 via a quick coupling 19 . If several nozzles 5 are provided, distributor pipes 20 in the manner of a common rail can also be provided between them.
  • water 6 to be atomized is fed from the right into the feed pipe 9 through the distribution box 10 to the water atomization device 4 and via a connecting line 21 to one on the collection box 11 arranged water atomization device 4 also with five nozzles 5.
  • a separate heat exchanger 14 and/or a separate electrical temperature control device 15, as indicated by the broken line in Fig 1 can be used.
  • the water 6 provided for atomization is finally heated or tempered by a heat exchanger 14 arranged separately from the coolant cooler 3 or a temperature control device 15 arranged separately therefrom .
  • the wiring in the heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 is analogous to the wiring in the heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to the inventions according to FIGS. 1 and 2. The same applies to the heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to FIGS the invention fall to the heat transfer devices according to the invention 1 according to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • nozzles 5 can be connected to the connecting lines 20 or, in general, the water atomization device 4 to the nozzles 5 via simple plug-in or clip connections 17, 18 and/or quick-release couplings 19.
  • simple plug-in or clip connections 17, 18 and/or quick-release couplings 19 Alternatively, of course Gluing between such connections is also conceivable, which offers the advantage of quick and inexpensive assembly.
  • the heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 4, but also the heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to FIGS. 5 to 8, which does not fall under the invention, can be used in a fuel cell vehicle 22 with a fuel cell 2, in which case even condensate from the fuel cell 2 can be used as water 6 to be atomized.
  • a fuel cell vehicle 22 with a fuel cell 2 in which case even condensate from the fuel cell 2 can be used as water 6 to be atomized.
  • FIG. Flier it is possible to use previously heated water 6 for atomization and thereby increase the degree of effectiveness of the heat exchanger assembly 1 according to the invention or the fuel cell vehicle 2 according to the invention.
  • the present invention is also based on a method according to the invention for cooling such a fuel cell 2 with the heat exchanger arrangement 1 shown in FIGS 12 and transversely thereto by the air flow 7 flows through.
  • the water atomization device 4 with at least one nozzle 5 atomizes water 6 and introduces this into the air flow 7 upstream of the coolant cooler 3 .
  • a particularly high level of energy utilization and a particularly high cooling capacity of the heat exchanger arrangement 1 can be achieved.
  • the temperature control, in particular the heating, of the water 6 to be atomized can also be effected by a separate heat exchanger 14 or a separate electrical temperature control device 15 . Heating or cooling can take place via Peltier elements. This allows for the fact that the system may work better in hot ambient conditions if it is cooled instead of heated.
  • a fuel cell vehicle 22 with such a heat exchanger arrangement 1 according to the invention for the water atomizer 4 condensate from the fuel cell 2 is preferably used as the water 6, as a result of which the efficiency can be further increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ensemble échangeur de chaleur (1) permettant de refroidir une pile à combustible (2), comprenant un refroidisseur de liquide de refroidissement (3) et un atomiseur d'eau (4), l'atomiseur d'eau (4) ayant une buse (5) au moyen de laquelle de l'eau (6) peut être atomisée et peut être introduit en amont du refroidisseur de liquide de refroidissement (3) dans un flux d'air (7) s'écoulant à travers le refroidisseur de liquide de refroidissement, un dispositif de régulation de température (8) disposé en amont de la buse (5) pour réguler la température, plus particulièrement la chaleur, de l'eau (6) à atomiser. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de régulation de température (8) comprend au moins un tube d'alimentation (9, 9') pour l'eau (6), ledit tube s'étendant à travers une boîte de distribution (10) ou une boîte de collecte (11) du refroidisseur de liquide de refroidissement (3), ou en ce que le dispositif de régulation de température (8) comprend deux tubes d'alimentation (9, 9') pour l'eau (6), dont un premier tube d'alimentation (9) s'étend à travers la boîte de distribution (10) et un second tube d'alimentation (9') s'étend à travers la boîte de collecte (11) du refroidisseur de liquide de refroidissement (3).
PCT/EP2021/068153 2020-07-13 2021-07-01 Ensemble échangeur de chaleur et véhicule à pile à combustible WO2022012945A1 (fr)

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DE2358631A1 (de) 1973-11-24 1975-06-05 Wilhelm Dr Ing Schirp Klimaanlage fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere pkw, lkw, omnibusse usw.
US4771822A (en) 1987-05-15 1988-09-20 Barbosa Ricardo A Automobile tire, radiator and brake cooling system with passenger compartment water heater
US5101775A (en) 1991-01-10 1992-04-07 Hubbs Perry E Cooling apparatus for engine radiator
JP2002372385A (ja) * 2001-04-11 2002-12-26 Denso Corp 熱交換装置
US6584789B2 (en) * 2001-06-08 2003-07-01 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicular cooling system and related method
DE102010036502A1 (de) 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Kühleinrichtung
WO2019198174A1 (fr) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation

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DE2358631A1 (de) 1973-11-24 1975-06-05 Wilhelm Dr Ing Schirp Klimaanlage fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere pkw, lkw, omnibusse usw.
US4771822A (en) 1987-05-15 1988-09-20 Barbosa Ricardo A Automobile tire, radiator and brake cooling system with passenger compartment water heater
US5101775A (en) 1991-01-10 1992-04-07 Hubbs Perry E Cooling apparatus for engine radiator
JP2002372385A (ja) * 2001-04-11 2002-12-26 Denso Corp 熱交換装置
US6584789B2 (en) * 2001-06-08 2003-07-01 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicular cooling system and related method
DE102010036502A1 (de) 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Kühleinrichtung
WO2019198174A1 (fr) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation

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