WO2022011723A1 - Ansys-based multi-field coupling stress distribution simulation method for high temperature carbonization furnace - Google Patents
Ansys-based multi-field coupling stress distribution simulation method for high temperature carbonization furnace Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of a design analysis method of a high-temperature carbonization furnace.
- Carbon fiber production is a high-energy-consuming industry, and the high-temperature carbonization furnace is one of the largest energy consumers in carbon fiber production equipment. At the same time, the high-temperature carbonization furnace is also the key equipment for carbon fiber production.
- the carbonization furnace is mainly used to carbonize the pre-oxygen wire at high temperature to convert it into carbon fiber with a carbon content greater than 90%.
- the carbonization temperature of T300 carbon fiber is about 1350°C-1450°C
- the carbonization temperature of T800 carbon fiber is about 1400°C-1600°C.
- the furnace cavity is the key part of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot test the stress characteristics of different furnace cavity materials in the design stage of high temperature carbonization furnace, and proposes a multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for high temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS .
- a multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS characterized in that the simulation method includes the following steps:
- the 3D computer-aided design software SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity, and the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity are set.
- the inlet and outlet and wall boundary conditions of the 3D simulation model including: the geometry and geometry parameters of the muffle cavity structure;
- step (3) transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the high-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure meshed in step (2) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, and calculate in step (3)
- the temperature distribution characteristics are transferred to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, in Imported
- the temperature distribution results are imported in the Load option, and the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures are obtained by simulation in the Solution option, which is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
- the simulation results include : cloud map of total deformation of muffle structure, cloud map of stress distribution of muffle structure, and cloud map of strain distribution of muffle structure;
- step (1) -(4) set different parameters by setting different parameters for the three-dimensional simulation model of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace, adjust the temperature and airflow speed according to the actual process parameters, and repeat step (1) -(4)
- the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure are used to determine the optimal furnace structure and Basis for airflow distribution design.
- step (3) the setting process in the FLUENT module of ANSYS software is as follows:
- step (4) the setting process in the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules is as follows:
- the present invention is based on the finite volume method flow field numerical calculation method and the finite element method stress calculation method. Coupling simulation of stress characteristics is carried out in order to analyze the influence of the internal temperature change of the muffle cavity of the high temperature carbonization furnace on the stress characteristics of the cavity material.
- the present invention specifically includes the following advantages:
- the invention creatively uses the total deformation cloud map, stress distribution cloud map and strain distribution cloud map of the furnace cavity structure to determine the stability of the furnace structure, so that the structure design can be better measured in the design and analysis process of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
- the method of the present invention can obtain the thermal stress distribution of the muffle furnace at different positions. In order to achieve a better use effect and prolong the service life of the muffle cavity, when considering the design of the muffle cavity structure in the future, it can be selected according to the calculation and analysis results. Different materials are adapted to provide a reference for the design of high temperature carbonization furnaces.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is the result of mesh division of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the total deformation of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the stress distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the strain distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- the invention discloses a multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high-temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS, which includes the following steps:
- step (3) transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the high-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure meshed in step (2) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, and calculate in step (3)
- the temperature distribution characteristics are transferred to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, in Imported
- the temperature distribution results are imported in the Load option, and the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures are obtained by simulation in the Solution option, which is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation results include : the total deformation cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 3, the stress distribution cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 4, and the strain distribution cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 5.
- the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure are used to determine the optimal furnace structure and Basis for airflow distribution design. That is to say, under the same setting conditions, by setting different working temperatures and airflow velocities and repeating steps (1)-(4) to perform multiple simulation calculations, the stress distribution state of the high-temperature carbonization furnace at different temperatures and airflow velocities can be determined. The performance of the furnace cavity structure can be better predicted, and the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
- the total deformation of the inlet and outlet of the muffle varies greatly along the direction of the inlet and outlet, especially in the middle of the furnace cavity, where the deformation is the largest, exceeding 7mm.
- the deformation at the inlet and outlet of the muffle is relatively uniform, and the deformation at the furnace wall in the middle of the furnace cavity is also relatively uniform. Since the temperature of the muffle cavity is not uniform, there is a large temperature difference stress in some parts, especially near the inlet and outlet.
- the graphite muffle has a large expansion deformation along the length direction, and the two ends of the muffle cavity structure must consider the follow-up mechanism to adapt to the expansion and contraction of the graphite muffle, and the smaller the resistance, the better.
- the present invention can improve the quality of carbon fiber, reduce the production cost, and also provide data reference and basis for the further development of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
- Production line construction is of great significance.
- the invention can reduce the experiment cost, optimize the design, provide theoretical support for designing the high temperature carbonization furnace of key equipment in carbon fiber production, provide the furnace cavity structure, provide the stress distribution characteristics, and also provide the basis for the related numerical simulation research.
Abstract
An ANSYS-based multi-field coupling stress distribution simulation method for a high temperature carbonization furnace, relating to the technical field of design analysis methods for a high temperature carbonization furnace, and solving the technical problem in the prior art of incapability of testing the stress characteristics of different furnace cavity materials in the design stage of the high temperature carbonization furnace. The used solution comprises: establishing a three-dimensional simulation model; respectively transferring a fluid calculation domain and a structural calculation domain to a Blocking module of ICEM software and Mesh software for meshing; making settings in a FLUENT module of ANSYS software; importing a temperature distribution result in an Imported Load option; performing a simulation calculation in a Solution option to obtain the stress distribution characteristics of a muffle structure at different temperatures; and under the same setting condition, repeatedly performing a simulation calculation for multiple times by setting different working temperatures and airflow velocities, to determine the stress distribution status of the high temperature carbonization furnace at different temperatures and airflow velocities. The structural performance of the furnace cavity structure can be better predicted, and is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and running process parameters of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
Description
本发明涉及到高温碳化炉的设计分析方法技术领域。The invention relates to the technical field of a design analysis method of a high-temperature carbonization furnace.
碳纤维生产属于高耗能产业，其中的高温碳化炉是碳纤维生产设备中的耗能大户之一，同时，高温碳化炉也是碳纤维生产的关键设备，高温碳化炉是指工作温度为1000℃-1600℃的碳化炉，主要用于对预氧丝进行高温碳化，使其转化为碳元素含量大于90%的碳纤维。T300碳纤维的碳化温度约为 1350℃-1450℃，T800碳纤维约为1400℃-1600℃，生产更高强度的碳纤维需要进一步提高碳化温度。其中，炉腔是高温碳化炉的关键部件，长期工作在1000℃到1600℃的高温环境，受热有较大的变形，由于各处温度不同，存在着温差应力和变形，其气密性、寿命、变形、局部应力等极大的影响着高温碳化炉的性能和使用寿命。并且，马弗腔内的温度均匀性，温差的大小，对最终碳纤维的质量和稳定性有着巨大的影响，特别是马弗腔在炉腔中部有较大变形，导致炉腔与纤维接触，对纤维产生一定的磨损；因此，有必要对高温碳化炉的马弗腔的内部温度变化对腔体材料应力特性产生的影响进行分析。Carbon fiber production is a high-energy-consuming industry, and the high-temperature carbonization furnace is one of the largest energy consumers in carbon fiber production equipment. At the same time, the high-temperature carbonization furnace is also the key equipment for carbon fiber production. The carbonization furnace is mainly used to carbonize the pre-oxygen wire at high temperature to convert it into carbon fiber with a carbon content greater than 90%. The carbonization temperature of T300 carbon fiber is about 1350℃-1450℃, and the carbonization temperature of T800 carbon fiber is about 1400℃-1600℃. To produce higher strength carbon fiber, it is necessary to further increase the carbonization temperature. Among them, the furnace cavity is the key part of the high temperature carbonization furnace. It works in a high temperature environment of 1000 ° C to 1600 ° C for a long time, and there is a large deformation when heated. , deformation, local stress, etc. greatly affect the performance and service life of the high temperature carbonization furnace. In addition, the temperature uniformity and temperature difference in the muffle cavity have a huge impact on the quality and stability of the final carbon fiber. The fiber produces a certain amount of wear; therefore, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the internal temperature change of the muffle cavity of the high temperature carbonization furnace on the stress characteristics of the cavity material.
综上所述，本发明的目的在于解决现有技术在高温碳化炉设计阶段无法测试不同炉腔材料的应力特性的技术问题，而提出一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法。To sum up, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot test the stress characteristics of different furnace cavity materials in the design stage of high temperature carbonization furnace, and proposes a multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for high temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS .
为解决本发明所提出的技术问题，采用的技术方案为：In order to solve the technical problem proposed by the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is:
一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法，其特征在于所述模拟方法包括有如下步骤：A multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS, characterized in that the simulation method includes the following steps:
（1）、采用三维计算机辅助设计软件SOLIDWORKS软件建立高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型，设定高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔体结构的三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界条件；包括：马弗腔体结构几何形状和几何尺寸参数；(1) The 3D computer-aided design software SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity, and the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity are set. The inlet and outlet and wall boundary conditions of the 3D simulation model; including: the geometry and geometry parameters of the muffle cavity structure;
（2）、将步骤（1）建立的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型传递到ICEM软件的Blocking模块中，在Blocking模块中采用O-Block方式对高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型进行网格划分，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5；将炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到网格划分软件Mesh，在Mesh中采用Sweep方式对三维仿真模型进行网格划分，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5。 (2) Transfer the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity established in step (1) to the Blocking module of the ICEM software, and use the O-Block method in the Blocking module to analyze the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity. The 3D simulation model of the bulk fluid computational domain is meshed, and the mesh close to the wall of the furnace cavity is refined, and the mesh quality of the overall structure is guaranteed to be greater than 0.5; the 3D simulation model of the furnace cavity structure is transferred to the meshing software Mesh. , in Mesh, the three-dimensional simulation model is meshed by the Sweep method, and the mesh close to the wall of the furnace cavity is refined, and the mesh quality of the overall structure is guaranteed to be greater than 0.5.
（3）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域三维仿真模型导入ANSYS软件的FLUENT模块，并对FLUENT模块进行设置，在Boundary Conditions选项中设置进口气流速度，出口压力值，壁面条件，在Models选项中设定湍流模型与传热模型；(3) Import the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the muffle cavity of the high-temperature carbonization furnace meshed in step (2) into the FLUENT module of the ANSYS software, and set the FLUENT module, and set the inlet airflow in the Boundary Conditions option. Velocity, outlet pressure value, wall conditions, turbulence model and heat transfer model are set in the Models option;
（4）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，并将步骤（3）中计算的温度分布特性传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，在Imported
Load选项中将温度分布结果导入，并在Solution选项中仿真运算得到不同温度时马弗结构的应力分布特性，以此作为设计高温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据；仿真结果包括：马弗腔结构的总变形云图，马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，及马弗腔结构的应变分布云图；(4), transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the high-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure meshed in step (2) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, and calculate in step (3) The temperature distribution characteristics are transferred to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, in Imported
The temperature distribution results are imported in the Load option, and the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures are obtained by simulation in the Solution option, which is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation results include : cloud map of total deformation of muffle structure, cloud map of stress distribution of muffle structure, and cloud map of strain distribution of muffle structure;
（5）、在相同设置条件下，通过将高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型设置不同参数，根据实际工艺参数调整温度，气流速度，并重复步骤（1）-（4），以进行多次模拟计算，由马弗腔结构的总变形云图，马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，马弗腔结构的应变分布云图，以此作为确定最优化的炉膛结构与气流分布设计的依据。(5) Under the same setting conditions, set different parameters by setting different parameters for the three-dimensional simulation model of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace, adjust the temperature and airflow speed according to the actual process parameters, and repeat step (1) -(4) In order to perform multiple simulation calculations, the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure are used to determine the optimal furnace structure and Basis for airflow distribution design.
作为对本发明技术方案作进一步限定的技术方案包括有：As the technical scheme further limiting the technical scheme of the present invention includes:
步骤（3）中，在ANSYS软件的 FLUENT模块进行设置的过程如下：In step (3), the setting process in the FLUENT module of ANSYS software is as follows:
（3.1）、在User Defined选项导入根据运行中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行编制的自定义温度参数，通过运行工艺中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行；(3.1), in the User Defined option, import the custom temperature parameters compiled according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in operation, and carry out the process according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in the operating process;
（3.2）、在General选项中，将y方向Gravitational
Acceleration 根据要求设定为预设值9.81m
2/s，X和Y方向设置为0 m
2/s，time选项设置为Steady稳态计算；
(3.2) In the General option, set the Gravitational Acceleration in the y direction to the default value of 9.81m 2 /s according to the requirements, set the X and Y directions to 0 m 2 /s, and set the time option to Steady steady-state calculation;
（3.3）、将Models选项中的Energy勾选Energy Equation，Viscous Models选项中选取k-epsilon
Standard 模型；(3.3), check Energy Equation in the Energy in the Models option, and select k-epsilon in the Viscous Models option
Standard model;
（3.4）在Materials Fluid选项部分选择空气和氮气作为计算的介质；(3.4) In the Materials Fluid option section, select air and nitrogen as the calculation medium;
（3.5）、在Cell Zone
Conditions选项中将Fluid1部分设为氮气，Fluid2部分设为氧气；(3.5), in Cell Zone
In the Conditions option, set the Fluid1 part to nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part to oxygen;
（3.6）、在Boundary
Conditions选项中设置入口边界条件为Pressure-inlet，并将Velocity Magnitude根据实际运行状态设置为监测值，范围在0.3-0.8m/s之间，Thermal选项设置为udf-inlet，设置出口边界条件为Pressure-oulet，出口为大气压力值；将两侧墙壁设置为对流换热面，UDF根据实际监测数据定义每小时内炉壁空气综合温度值，对流换热系数根据实际监测值计算得到，其他壁面设置为绝热壁面；(3.6), in Boundary
In the Conditions option, set the inlet boundary condition to Pressure-inlet, and set Velocity Magnitude to the monitoring value according to the actual operating state, ranging from 0.3-0.8m/s, set the Thermal option to udf-inlet, and set the outlet boundary condition to Pressure -oulet, the outlet is the atmospheric pressure value; set the walls on both sides as the convection heat exchange surface, UDF defines the comprehensive air temperature value of the furnace wall per hour according to the actual monitoring data, the convection heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to the actual monitoring value, and other wall surfaces are set is an adiabatic wall;
（3.7）、选择Check case后进行计算。(3.7) Calculate after selecting Check case.
步骤（4）中，在Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块进行设置的过程如下：In step (4), the setting process in the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules is as follows:
（4.1）、在Steady-state-thermal模块中Imported Loads选项中分别加载外部流场计算的温度场结果，选择流场与炉膛结构交界面作为数据传递的耦合面，依次将每个耦合面温度场数据进行加载，然后在Solution选项中计算温度，将温度场数据加载到炉腔壁面；(4.1) Load the temperature field results calculated by the external flow field in the Imported Loads option in the Steady-state-thermal module, select the interface between the flow field and the furnace structure as the coupling surface for data transmission, and sequentially convert the temperature field of each coupling surface Load the data, then calculate the temperature in the Solution option, and load the temperature field data to the wall of the furnace cavity;
（4.2）、在Static Structural模块中通过Insert选项设置重力加速度和位移约束条件，使腔体结构在水平方向可以移动，垂直方向不发生移动，在Analysis
Settings模块中输入求解设置参数。(4.2) In the Static Structural module, set the gravitational acceleration and displacement constraints through the Insert option, so that the cavity structure can move in the horizontal direction, but does not move in the vertical direction. In Analysis
Enter the solution settings parameters in the Settings block.
本发明的有益效果为：本发明是基于有限体积法流场数值计算与有限元法应力计算的方法，通过对碳纤维原丝在碳化过程中高温碳化炉内热流场与炉腔材料高纯度石墨板应力特性进行耦合模拟，以便实现对高温碳化炉的马弗腔的内部温度变化对腔体材料应力特性产生的影响进行分析。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is based on the finite volume method flow field numerical calculation method and the finite element method stress calculation method. Coupling simulation of stress characteristics is carried out in order to analyze the influence of the internal temperature change of the muffle cavity of the high temperature carbonization furnace on the stress characteristics of the cavity material.
与现在技术相比，本发明具体包括有如下优点：Compared with the current technology, the present invention specifically includes the following advantages:
（1）关于高温碳化炉应力分布的问题，通常在高温条件下普通的传感器难以测量，且设计厂家和碳纤维生产厂家不对实际使用中的应力特性进行测试，仅对设计中使用的材料最大热应力进行校核。本发明创造性地利用炉腔结构总变形云图、应力分布云图、应变分布云图来判定炉膛结构的稳定性，以便高温碳化炉的设计分析过程中可以更好的衡量结构设计。(1) Regarding the stress distribution of the high-temperature carbonization furnace, it is usually difficult for ordinary sensors to measure under high temperature conditions, and the design manufacturers and carbon fiber manufacturers do not test the stress characteristics in actual use, only the maximum thermal stress of the materials used in the design. Check it out. The invention creatively uses the total deformation cloud map, stress distribution cloud map and strain distribution cloud map of the furnace cavity structure to determine the stability of the furnace structure, so that the structure design can be better measured in the design and analysis process of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
（2）通过数值模拟的方法，建立马弗炉结构模型、流体参数、热应力等因素与宏观性能的关系模型，通过计算不同气流速度与温度变化对炉腔结构最大总变形量、最大应力值、最大应变值的影响，分析工艺参数对马弗炉结构在热环境中稳定性的影响，通过在设计中增加最大变形区域与最大应力区域结构强度，从而保证设备的可靠性，从而可以降低设计与生产成本。(2) Through the method of numerical simulation, establish the relationship model between the structural model of the muffle furnace, fluid parameters, thermal stress and other factors and the macroscopic performance, and calculate the maximum total deformation of the furnace cavity structure and the maximum stress value by calculating the changes of different airflow rates and temperature. , the influence of the maximum strain value, analyze the influence of the process parameters on the stability of the muffle furnace structure in the thermal environment, and increase the structural strength of the maximum deformation area and the maximum stress area in the design to ensure the reliability of the equipment, which can reduce the design and production costs.
（3）本发明法能够得到不同位置马弗炉热应力分布，为达到更好的使用效果和延长马弗腔的使用寿命，在将来考虑设计马弗腔结构时，根据计算分析结果可以分别选择不同材料进行适配，从而可以为高温碳化炉在设计时提供参考依据。(3) The method of the present invention can obtain the thermal stress distribution of the muffle furnace at different positions. In order to achieve a better use effect and prolong the service life of the muffle cavity, when considering the design of the muffle cavity structure in the future, it can be selected according to the calculation and analysis results. Different materials are adapted to provide a reference for the design of high temperature carbonization furnaces.
图1是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维模型示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
图2是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维模型网格划分结果。FIG. 2 is the result of mesh division of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
图3是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维模型总变形示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the total deformation of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
图4是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维模型应力分布示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the stress distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
图5是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维模型应变分布示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the strain distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
以下结合附图和本发明优选的具本实施方式对本发明作进一步地说明明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
本发明所公开一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法，包括有如下步骤：The invention discloses a multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high-temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS, which includes the following steps:
（1）、参照图1中所示，采用三维计算机辅助设计软件SOLIDWORKS软件建立高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型，为了后期便于计算应力分布特性，设定高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔体结构的三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界条件；包括：马弗腔体结构几何形状和几何尺寸参数。(1) Referring to Figure 1, the three-dimensional computer-aided design software SOLIDWORKS is used to establish a three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid calculation domain and furnace cavity structure of the high-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity. The inlet, outlet and wall boundary conditions of the fluid computational domain of the carbonization furnace muffle cavity and the 3D simulation model of the furnace cavity structure; including: the geometric shape and geometric size parameters of the muffle cavity structure.
（2）、参照图2中所示，将步骤（1）建立的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型传递到ICEM软件的Blocking模块中，在Blocking模块中采用O-Block方式对高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型进行网格划分，为了保证流场计算结果的准确性，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5；将炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到网格划分软件Mesh，在Mesh中采用Sweep方式对三维仿真模型进行网格划分，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5。 (2) Referring to Figure 2, transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the high-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity established in step (1) to the Blocking module of the ICEM software, and use the O-Block method in the Blocking module. The 3D simulation model of the fluid calculation domain of the muffle cavity of the high temperature carbonization furnace is meshed. In order to ensure the accuracy of the flow field calculation results, the mesh close to the furnace cavity wall is refined, and the mesh quality of the overall structure is guaranteed to be greater than 0.5; Transfer the 3D simulation model of the furnace cavity structure to the meshing software Mesh, use the Sweep method to mesh the 3D simulation model in Mesh, and refine the mesh near the wall of the furnace cavity, while ensuring the mesh of the overall structure. The grid quality is greater than 0.5.
（3）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型导入ANSYS软件的FLUENT模块，并对FLUENT模块进行设置，在Boundary Conditions选项中设置进口气流速度，出口压力值，壁面条件，在Models选项中设定湍流模型与传热模型。(3) Import the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the muffle cavity of the high-temperature carbonization furnace meshed in step (2) into the FLUENT module of the ANSYS software, set the FLUENT module, and set the import in the Boundary Conditions option Air velocity, outlet pressure value, wall conditions, turbulence model and heat transfer model are set in the Models option.
在ANSYS软件的 FLUENT模块进行设置的具体过程如下：The specific process of setting in the FLUENT module of ANSYS software is as follows:
（3.1）、在User Defined选项导入根据运行中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行编制的自定义温度参数，通过运行工艺中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行；(3.1), in the User Defined option, import the custom temperature parameters compiled according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in operation, and carry out the process according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in the operating process;
（3.2）、在General选项中，将y方向Gravitational
Acceleration 根据要求设定为预设值9.81m
2/s，X和Y方向设置为0 m
2/s，time选项设置为Steady稳态计算；
(3.2) In the General option, set the Gravitational Acceleration in the y direction to the default value of 9.81m 2 /s according to the requirements, set the X and Y directions to 0 m 2 /s, and set the time option to Steady steady-state calculation;
（3.3）、将Models选项中的Energy勾选Energy Equation，Viscous Models选项中选取k-epsilon
Standard 模型；(3.3), check Energy Equation in the Energy in the Models option, and select k-epsilon in the Viscous Models option
Standard model;
（3.4）在Materials Fluid选项部分选择空气和氮气作为计算的介质；(3.4) In the Materials Fluid option section, select air and nitrogen as the calculation medium;
（3.5）、在Cell Zone
Conditions选项中将Fluid1部分设为氮气，Fluid2部分设为氧气；(3.5), in Cell Zone
In the Conditions option, set the Fluid1 part to nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part to oxygen;
（3.6）、在Boundary
Conditions选项中设置入口边界条件为Pressure-inlet，并将Velocity Magnitude根据实际运行状态设置为监测值，范围在0.3-0.8m/s之间，Thermal选项设置为udf-inlet，设置出口边界条件为Pressure-oulet，出口为大气压力值；将两侧墙壁设置为对流换热面，UDF根据实际监测数据定义每小时内炉壁空气综合温度值，对流换热系数根据实际监测值计算得到，其他壁面设置为绝热壁面；(3.6), in Boundary
In the Conditions option, set the inlet boundary condition to Pressure-inlet, and set Velocity Magnitude to the monitoring value according to the actual operating state, ranging from 0.3-0.8m/s, set the Thermal option to udf-inlet, and set the outlet boundary condition to Pressure -oulet, the outlet is the atmospheric pressure value; set the walls on both sides as the convection heat exchange surface, UDF defines the comprehensive air temperature value of the furnace wall per hour according to the actual monitoring data, the convection heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to the actual monitoring value, and other wall surfaces are set is an adiabatic wall;
（3.7）、选择Check case后进行计算。(3.7) Calculate after selecting Check case.
（4）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，并将步骤（3）中计算的温度分布特性传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，在Imported
Load选项中将温度分布结果导入，并在Solution选项中仿真运算得到不同温度时马弗结构的应力分布特性，以此作为设计高温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据；仿真结果包括：图3所示的马弗腔结构的总变形云图，图4中所示的马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，及图5中所示的马弗腔结构的应变分布云图。(4), transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the high-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure meshed in step (2) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, and calculate in step (3) The temperature distribution characteristics are transferred to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, in Imported
The temperature distribution results are imported in the Load option, and the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures are obtained by simulation in the Solution option, which is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation results include : the total deformation cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 3, the stress distribution cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 4, and the strain distribution cloud diagram of the muffle structure shown in Figure 5.
对在Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块进行设置的过程如下：The process of setting up the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules is as follows:
（4.1）、在Steady-state-thermal模块中Imported Loads选项中分别加载外部流场计算的温度场结果，选择流场与炉膛结构交界面作为数据传递的耦合面，依次将每个耦合面温度场数据进行加载，然后在Solution选项中计算温度，将温度场数据加载到炉腔壁面；(4.1) Load the temperature field results calculated by the external flow field in the Imported Loads option in the Steady-state-thermal module, select the interface between the flow field and the furnace structure as the coupling surface for data transmission, and sequentially convert the temperature field of each coupling surface Load the data, then calculate the temperature in the Solution option, and load the temperature field data to the wall of the furnace cavity;
（4.2）、在Static
Structural模块中通过Insert选项设置重力加速度和位移约束条件，使腔体结构在水平方向可以移动，垂直方向不发生移动，在Analysis
Settings模块中输入求解设置参数。(4.2), in Static
In the Structural module, the gravitational acceleration and displacement constraints are set through the Insert option, so that the cavity structure can move in the horizontal direction, but does not move in the vertical direction.
Enter the solution settings parameters in the Settings block.
（5）、在相同设置条件下，通过将高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型设置不同参数，根据实际工艺参数调整温度，气流速度，并重复步骤（1）-（4），以进行多次模拟计算，由马弗腔结构的总变形云图，马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，马弗腔结构的应变分布云图，以此作为确定最优化的炉膛结构与气流分布设计的依据。也即是在相同设置条件下，通过设置不同工作温度与气流速度并重复步骤（1）-（4），以进行多次模拟计算，可判定不同温度与气流速度时高温碳化炉应力分布状态，可以更好的预测炉腔结构性能，以此设计高温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据。(5) Under the same setting conditions, set different parameters by setting different parameters for the three-dimensional simulation model of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace, adjust the temperature and airflow speed according to the actual process parameters, and repeat step (1) -(4) In order to perform multiple simulation calculations, the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure are used to determine the optimal furnace structure and Basis for airflow distribution design. That is to say, under the same setting conditions, by setting different working temperatures and airflow velocities and repeating steps (1)-(4) to perform multiple simulation calculations, the stress distribution state of the high-temperature carbonization furnace at different temperatures and airflow velocities can be determined. The performance of the furnace cavity structure can be better predicted, and the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high temperature carbonization furnace.
由图3可以看出，马弗内进出口一定范围的总变形量沿进出口方向存在较大差别，特别是炉腔中部位置，变形量最大，超过7mm。马弗进出口位置变形量较均匀，炉腔中部炉壁处变形量也较均匀。由于马弗腔受热各处温度存在着不均匀，有的局部存在较大的温差应力，特别是进出口附近。石墨马弗沿长度方向有较大的膨胀变形，马弗腔结构两端必须考虑随动机构，以适应石墨马弗的膨胀和收缩，且阻力越小越好。从图4、图5热应变、应力分析的云图可以看出，热应力最大的位置出现在在马弗腔结构的边缘，最大值约10MPa。这是因为与腔体外部环境有较大的热交换，马弗腔体材料局温差较大产生热应力，以及结构的变化造成的局部应力集中，同时由于生产碳纤维工艺要求中间炉腔温度高于进出口位置的温度，这是导致出现上述现象的根本原因。由此可判断造成以上现象的主要原因是高温碳化炉的石墨马弗的结构、变形、排气口位置和截面积不够及内部的温度均匀性。因此，本发明通过对高温炉的马弗腔体进行流场、温度场和应力场分析，可以为提高碳纤维质量，降低生产成本，也为高温碳化炉的进一步研制提供数据参考和依据，对碳纤维生产线建设有着重要意义。本发明可以降低实验成本，优化设计，为设计碳纤维生产中关键设备高温碳化炉设计提供炉腔结构提供应力分布特性提供理论支持，也为相关的数值模拟研究提供依据。It can be seen from Figure 3 that the total deformation of the inlet and outlet of the muffle varies greatly along the direction of the inlet and outlet, especially in the middle of the furnace cavity, where the deformation is the largest, exceeding 7mm. The deformation at the inlet and outlet of the muffle is relatively uniform, and the deformation at the furnace wall in the middle of the furnace cavity is also relatively uniform. Since the temperature of the muffle cavity is not uniform, there is a large temperature difference stress in some parts, especially near the inlet and outlet. The graphite muffle has a large expansion deformation along the length direction, and the two ends of the muffle cavity structure must consider the follow-up mechanism to adapt to the expansion and contraction of the graphite muffle, and the smaller the resistance, the better. It can be seen from the cloud diagrams of thermal strain and stress analysis in Figures 4 and 5 that the maximum thermal stress occurs at the edge of the muffle cavity structure, and the maximum value is about 10MPa. This is because there is a large heat exchange with the external environment of the cavity, the large temperature difference of the muffle cavity material produces thermal stress, and the local stress concentration caused by the change of the structure, at the same time, because the carbon fiber production process requires the intermediate furnace cavity temperature to be higher than The temperature at the inlet and outlet, which is the root cause of the above phenomenon. From this, it can be judged that the main reasons for the above phenomenon are the structure and deformation of the graphite muffle of the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the insufficient position and cross-sectional area of the exhaust port, and the internal temperature uniformity. Therefore, by analyzing the flow field, temperature field and stress field of the muffle cavity of the high temperature furnace, the present invention can improve the quality of carbon fiber, reduce the production cost, and also provide data reference and basis for the further development of the high temperature carbonization furnace. Production line construction is of great significance. The invention can reduce the experiment cost, optimize the design, provide theoretical support for designing the high temperature carbonization furnace of key equipment in carbon fiber production, provide the furnace cavity structure, provide the stress distribution characteristics, and also provide the basis for the related numerical simulation research.
本发明所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行的描述，并非对本发明构思和范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计思想的前提下，本领域中工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变型和改进，均应落入本发明的保护范围，本发明请求保护的技术内容，已经全部记载在权利要求书中。The embodiments of the present invention are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made should fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content claimed in the present invention has been fully recorded in the claims.
Claims (3)
- 一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法，其特征在于所述模拟方法包括有如下步骤：A multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high temperature carbonization furnace based on ANSYS, characterized in that the simulation method includes the following steps:（1）、采用三维计算机辅助设计软件SOLIDWORKS软件建立高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型，设定高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔体结构的三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界条件；包括：马弗腔体结构几何形状和几何尺寸参数；(1) The 3D computer-aided design software SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity, and the fluid computational domain and the furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity are set. The inlet and outlet and wall boundary conditions of the 3D simulation model; including: the geometry and geometry parameters of the muffle cavity structure;（2）、将步骤（1）建立的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域三维仿真模型传递到ICEM软件的Blocking模块中，在Blocking模块中采用O-Block方式对高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型进行网格划分，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5；将炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到网格划分软件Mesh，在Mesh中采用Sweep方式对三维仿真模型进行网格划分，对靠近炉腔壁面处进行网格加密，同时保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.5；(2) Transfer the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity established in step (1) to the Blocking module of the ICEM software, and use the O-Block method in the Blocking module to analyze the high temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity. The 3D simulation model of the fluid computing domain is meshed, and the mesh close to the wall of the furnace cavity is refined, and the mesh quality of the overall structure is guaranteed to be greater than 0.5; the 3D simulation model of the furnace cavity structure is transferred to the meshing software Mesh. In Mesh, the 3D simulation model is meshed by the Sweep method, and the mesh close to the wall of the furnace cavity is refined, and the mesh quality of the overall structure is guaranteed to be greater than 0.5;（3）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域的三维仿真模型导入ANSYS软件的FLUENT模块，并对FLUENT模块进行设置，在Boundary Conditions选项中设置进口气流速度，出口压力值，壁面条件，在Models选项中设定湍流模型与传热模型；(3) Import the 3D simulation model of the fluid computational domain of the muffle cavity of the high-temperature carbonization furnace meshed in step (2) into the FLUENT module of the ANSYS software, set the FLUENT module, and set the import in the Boundary Conditions option Air velocity, outlet pressure value, wall conditions, turbulence model and heat transfer model are set in the Models option;（4）、将步骤（2）中网格划分好的高温碳化炉炉腔结构的三维仿真模型传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，并将步骤（3）中计算的温度分布特性传递到ANSYS软件的Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块，在Imported Load选项中将温度分布结果导入，并在Solution选项中仿真运算得到不同温度时马弗结构的应力分布特性，以此作为设计高温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据；仿真结果包括：马弗腔结构的总变形云图，马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，及马弗腔结构的应变分布云图；(4), transfer the three-dimensional simulation model of the high-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure meshed in step (2) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, and calculate in step (3) The temperature distribution characteristics are transferred to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules of ANSYS software, the temperature distribution results are imported in the Imported Load option, and the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures are obtained by simulation in the Solution option. , as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the high temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation results include: the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution of the muffle cavity structure. cloud map;（5）、在相同设置条件下，通过将高温碳化炉马弗腔体流体计算域和炉腔结构的三维仿真模型设置不同参数，根据实际工艺参数调整温度，气流速度，并重复步骤（1）-（4），以进行多次模拟计算，由马弗腔结构的总变形云图，马弗腔结构的应力分布云图，马弗腔结构的应变分布云图，以此作为确定最优化的炉膛结构与气流分布设计的依据。(5) Under the same setting conditions, set different parameters by setting different parameters for the three-dimensional simulation model of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and furnace cavity structure of the high temperature carbonization furnace, adjust the temperature and airflow speed according to the actual process parameters, and repeat step (1) -(4) In order to perform multiple simulation calculations, the total deformation cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure, and the strain distribution cloud map of the muffle cavity structure are used to determine the optimal furnace structure and Basis for airflow distribution design.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（3）中，在ANSYS软件的 FLUENT模块进行设置的过程如下：The ANSYS-based multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high-temperature carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the process of setting in the FLUENT module of the ANSYS software is as follows:（3.1）、在User Defined选项导入根据运行中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行编制的自定义温度参数，通过运行工艺中炉内温度随时间变化规律进行；(3.1), in the User Defined option, import the custom temperature parameters compiled according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in operation, and carry out the process according to the time-varying rule of the furnace temperature in the operating process;（3.2）、在General选项中，将y方向Gravitational Acceleration 根据要求设定为预设值9.81m 2/s，X和Y方向设置为0 m 2/s，time选项设置为Steady稳态计算； (3.2) In the General option, set the Gravitational Acceleration in the y direction to the default value of 9.81m 2 /s according to the requirements, set the X and Y directions to 0 m 2 /s, and set the time option to Steady steady-state calculation;（3.3）、将Models选项中的Energy勾选Energy Equation，Viscous Models选项中选取k-epsilon Standard 模型；(3.3), check the Energy Equation in the Models option, and select the k-epsilon Standard model in the Viscous Models option;（3.4）在Materials Fluid选项部分选择空气和氮气作为计算的介质；(3.4) In the Materials Fluid option section, select air and nitrogen as the calculation medium;（3.5）、在Cell Zone Conditions选项中将Fluid1部分设为氮气，Fluid2部分设为氧气；(3.5), in the Cell Zone Conditions option, set the Fluid1 part to nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part to oxygen;（3.6）、在Boundary Conditions选项中设置入口边界条件为Pressure-inlet，并将Velocity Magnitude根据实际运行状态设置为监测值，范围在0.3-0.8m/s之间，Thermal选项设置为udf-inlet，设置出口边界条件为Pressure-oulet，出口为大气压力值；将两侧墙壁设置为对流换热面，UDF根据实际监测数据定义每小时内炉壁空气综合温度值，对流换热系数根据实际监测值计算得到，其他壁面设置为绝热壁面；(3.6), in the Boundary Conditions option, set the inlet boundary condition to Pressure-inlet, and set Velocity Magnitude to the monitoring value according to the actual operating state, the range is between 0.3-0.8m/s, the Thermal option is set to udf-inlet, Set the outlet boundary condition as Pressure-oulet and the outlet as the atmospheric pressure value; set the walls on both sides as the convection heat transfer surface, UDF defines the comprehensive temperature value of the furnace wall air per hour according to the actual monitoring data, and the convection heat transfer coefficient is based on the actual monitoring value. After calculation, other walls are set as adiabatic walls;（3.7）、选择Check case后进行计算。(3.7) Calculate after selecting Check case.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于ANSYS的高温碳化炉多场耦合应力分布模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）中，在Steady-state-thermal和Static-structural计算模块进行设置的过程如下：The ANSYS-based multi-field coupled stress distribution simulation method for a high-temperature carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein: in step (4), the process of setting the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules is as follows :（4.1）、在Steady-state-thermal模块中Imported Loads选项中分别加载外部流场计算的温度场结果，选择流场与炉膛结构交界面作为数据传递的耦合面，依次将每个耦合面温度场数据进行加载，然后在Solution选项中计算温度，将温度场数据加载到炉腔壁面；(4.1) Load the temperature field results calculated by the external flow field in the Imported Loads option in the Steady-state-thermal module, select the interface between the flow field and the furnace structure as the coupling surface for data transmission, and sequentially convert the temperature field of each coupling surface Load the data, then calculate the temperature in the Solution option, and load the temperature field data to the wall of the furnace cavity;（4.2）、在Static Structural模块中通过Insert选项设置重力加速度和位移约束条件，使腔体结构在水平方向可以移动，垂直方向不发生移动，在Analysis Settings模块中输入求解设置参数。(4.2) In the Static Structural module, set the gravitational acceleration and displacement constraints through the Insert option, so that the cavity structure can move in the horizontal direction, but does not move in the vertical direction, and enter the solution setting parameters in the Analysis Settings module.
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