WO2022099713A1 - Three-dimensional simulation method for tow heating process in low temperature carbonization furnace based on overset model - Google Patents
Three-dimensional simulation method for tow heating process in low temperature carbonization furnace based on overset model Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 4
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- the invention relates to the technical field of the design analysis method of the low-temperature carbonization furnace used in the carbon fiber production process.
- the low-temperature carbonization furnace that works in the environment of 300 ° C to 1000 ° C for a long time is one of its key equipment. It is mainly composed of frame body (furnace shell), thermal insulation material, stainless steel muffle, Heating element, sensing element, inlet nitrogen seal, outlet cooling water tank, outlet nitrogen seal, muffle gas detection device, high-purity nitrogen piping system, electrical temperature control and other systems.
- the temperature uniformity inside the muffle cavity affects the production quality of carbon fiber.
- the usual practice is to conduct quality inspection of carbon fiber finished products.
- the factors in the production process are difficult to control, and the process cannot be continuously tracked through the test equipment. Guarantee the quality of carbon fiber. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a reasonable design method, which can make the furnace wall reach the surface temperature that meets the specification and reduce the unit energy consumption.
- the purpose of this research is to determine whether the temperature of the tow surface meets the requirements of the production process by simulating the heating performance of the tow in the furnace cavity during the design process, so that the furnace structure can be optimized. On the premise of the existing heating effect, the manufacturing cost of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is reduced.
- the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the experimental cost of furnace structure design, provide theoretical support for reducing carbon fiber production energy consumption, and provide a basis for related numerical simulation research, a low-temperature carbonization furnace wire based on OVERSET model. Three-dimensional simulation method of beam heating process.
- a three-dimensional simulation method of a low-temperature carbonization furnace tow heating process based on the OVERSET model characterized in that the simulation method comprises the following steps:
- ⁇ is the dynamic viscosity
- F b is the volume force on the micro-element
- C p specific heat capacity
- T temperature
- k fluid heat transfer coefficient
- S T viscous dissipation term
- the SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid calculation domain and the heated tow in the muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, and set the relevant geometric parameters;
- the O-Block method is used to analyze the fluid computational domain and the heated tow.
- the meshing strategy adopts the BiGeometric method to control the ratio factor.
- the grid quality standard in ICEM software ensure that the grid quality of the overall structure is greater than 0.85.
- v , ⁇ , ⁇ are the flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid, respectively, and d is the characteristic length;
- the turbulence model is selected as the laminar model;
- Overset Create an interface in the Interface option, select the background grid in the Background Zones option, and select the foreground grid in the Component Zones.
- the Overset model is preprocessed in the calculation, including point finding, digging holes, and establishing interpolation relationships;
- the relevant parameters set according to the low temperature carbonization furnace in the actual project include: the geometric shape and geometric size of the muffle cavity, the geometric shape and geometric size of the inlet and outlet seals, the inlet size of the inlet and outlet sealed nitrogen pipes, and the nitrogen gas.
- step (3) the boundary names of the inlet and outlet and the wall surface of the three-dimensional simulation model are defined, including the boundary names of the tow wall surface, the inlet and outlet of the furnace cavity, and the wall surface of the furnace cavity.
- step (4) the center point of the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid computing domain is selected as the detection surface, the detection surface is the X-direction plane passing through the center point, the surface of the tow is selected as the detection surface, and the detection surface is the X-direction plane passing through the center point.
- the simulation results in step (5) include: the temperature change cloud map of the detection surface, and the visualization of the temperature field in the furnace cavity and the surface temperature field of the tow during the heating process of the tow by using the post-processing software CFD-POST.
- the present invention based on the numerical calculation method of the flow field, the present invention conducts research on the heating capability of the temperature field characteristics of the tow surface in the furnace under different production process conditions, and overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art in the design stage of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides the following advantages:
- the traditional method is usually to test the performance of the tow after heating.
- the invention creatively uses the OVERSET model to simulate the motion state of the tow, and judges the heating capacity of the furnace through the cloud diagram of the temperature change on the surface of the tow, so that the structure design can be better measured.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the OVERSET model of the present invention is realized in numerical calculation
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the tow in the furnace cavity at any time of the present invention during the heating process.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber of the present invention.
- a three-dimensional simulation method of a low-temperature carbonization furnace tow heating process based on an OVERSET model disclosed in the present invention includes the following steps:
- ⁇ is the dynamic viscosity
- F b is the volume force on the micro-element
- the 3D-aided design software SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid calculation domain and the heated tow in the muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, as shown in Figure 1, And set the relevant geometric parameters; at least include: the geometry and size of the muffle cavity, the geometry and size of the inlet and outlet seals, the inlet size of the inlet and outlet sealed nitrogen pipes, the size of the outlet of the nitrogen pipe, and the size of the tow. Geometric shapes and geometric dimensions.
- v , ⁇ , ⁇ are the flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid, respectively, and d is the characteristic length;
- the turbulence model is selected as the laminar model;
- Overset Create an interface in the Interface option, select the background grid in the Background Zones option, and select the foreground grid in the Component Zones.
- the Overset model will be preprocessed in the calculation, including finding points, digging holes and establishing interpolation relationships, as shown in Figure 2 shown;
- the invention defines the motion law of the tow by udf, and by modifying the airflow velocity in the inlet boundary velocity-inlet, the changing law of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow and the heat storage capacity in the muffle furnace under different tow motion states can be obtained.
- the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is analyzed. The temperature of the tow increases gradually with the length of the tow entering the furnace cavity, and the temperature of the furnace cavity remains constant at all times.
- the surface temperature of the tow gradually increases during the process of entering the furnace cavity, the tow is heated, the furnace wall has a good heating effect, and its heat storage performance is superior;
- the schematic diagram of the distribution is shown in Figure 3, and the schematic diagram of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is shown in Figure 4, which shows that the temperature in the process of heating the surface of the tow increases gradually, and the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is uniform;
- the temperature distribution in the furnace cavity of the present invention is The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 5, which shows that the temperature distribution in the muffle cavity is uniform, indicating that the air flow in the furnace cavity is reasonably distributed.
- multiple simulations should be performed, and the experimental results should be compared and analyzed to obtain the best solution for the speed of the tow movement and the heat storage performance of the muffle furnace cavity.
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Abstract
Disclosed is a three-dimensional simulation method for a tow heating process in a low temperature carbonization furnace based on an OVERSET model, relating to the technical field of design and analysis methods for low temperature carbonization furnaces. The method comprises: building a three-dimensional mathematical model for a total flow field of the low temperature carbonization furnace; building a three-dimensional simulation model for a fluid computing domain and a heated tow in a muffle cavity of the low temperature carbonization furnace by using SOLIDWORKS, and setting geometric parameters; performing grid division on the three-dimensional simulation model; transferring the three-dimensional simulation model to an ANSYS FLUENT calculation module and setting boundary conditions; transferring the results of simulation calculation to post-processing software CFD-POST to realize the visualization of physical parameters; and setting different working temperatures and tow movement speeds and repeating the simulation calculation for many times. By determining the temperature distribution on the tow surface at different furnace chamber temperatures and tow moving speeds, heating performance can be better predicted, and the design and test costs of a furnace structure can be reduced, providing a theoretical support for reducing the production energy consumption of carbon fibers.
Description
本发明涉及到碳纤维生产过程中所用低温碳化炉的设计分析方法技术领域。The invention relates to the technical field of the design analysis method of the low-temperature carbonization furnace used in the carbon fiber production process.
生产碳纤维生产过程中，长期工作在300℃到1000℃的环境下的低温碳化炉是其关键设备之一，主要由架体（炉壳）、保温材料、不锈钢马弗、马弗配重装置、加热元件、传感元件、入口氮封、出口冷却水箱、出口氮封、马弗内气体检测装置、高纯氮气管道系统、电器控温等系统组成。经过近四十年的发展和研制，虽然我国的碳纤维已经制备出与国外T300级碳纤维水平相近的产品，但是碳纤维的年产量与产品性能还远不能满足国内市场对其的需求。与国际先进的碳纤维产品技术水平对比，国产碳纤维的主要问题，突出体现在碳纤维均匀性能和碳纤维稳定性较差，究其主要原因，除了碳纤维工艺受到国外的限制，另一重要影响因素就是碳纤维生产过程中的主要生产设备落后于国外。如果要改变当前的被动局面，破除产业安全威胁，碳纤维生产线设备实现国产化和产业化的自主发展亟待解决，并也需要碳纤维相关专业研究人员不断的进行改进和研究。In the production process of carbon fiber production, the low-temperature carbonization furnace that works in the environment of 300 ° C to 1000 ° C for a long time is one of its key equipment. It is mainly composed of frame body (furnace shell), thermal insulation material, stainless steel muffle, Heating element, sensing element, inlet nitrogen seal, outlet cooling water tank, outlet nitrogen seal, muffle gas detection device, high-purity nitrogen piping system, electrical temperature control and other systems. After nearly 40 years of development and research, although my country's carbon fiber has produced products similar to foreign T300 carbon fiber, the annual output and product performance of carbon fiber are far from meeting the domestic market's demand for it. Compared with the international advanced carbon fiber product technology level, the main problems of domestic carbon fiber are mainly reflected in the poor uniform performance of carbon fiber and poor stability of carbon fiber. The main production equipment in the process lags behind foreign countries. If we want to change the current passive situation and eliminate industrial security threats, the independent development of carbon fiber production line equipment to achieve localization and industrialization needs to be solved urgently, and carbon fiber-related professional researchers are also required to continue to improve and research.
马弗腔内部的温度均匀性影响着碳纤维的生产质量，通常的做法是对碳纤维成品进行质量检测，而生产过程中的因素难以控制，且通过试验设备无法对此过程进行持续跟踪，也就无法对碳纤维的质量进行保证。因此需要选择合理的设计方法，可以使炉壁能达到符合规范的表面温度，降低单位能耗。这项研究的目的在于通过对设计过程中的炉腔中丝束的加热性能进行模拟，从而判断丝束表面的温度是否满足生产工艺的要求，从而可以对炉体结构进行优化设计，在不降低现有加热效果的前提下降低低温碳化炉的制造成本。The temperature uniformity inside the muffle cavity affects the production quality of carbon fiber. The usual practice is to conduct quality inspection of carbon fiber finished products. However, the factors in the production process are difficult to control, and the process cannot be continuously tracked through the test equipment. Guarantee the quality of carbon fiber. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a reasonable design method, which can make the furnace wall reach the surface temperature that meets the specification and reduce the unit energy consumption. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the temperature of the tow surface meets the requirements of the production process by simulating the heating performance of the tow in the furnace cavity during the design process, so that the furnace structure can be optimized. On the premise of the existing heating effect, the manufacturing cost of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is reduced.
综上所述，本发明的目的在于如何实现降低炉体结构设计实验成本，为降低碳纤维生产能耗提供理论支持，也为相关的数值模拟研究提供依据的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法。To sum up, the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the experimental cost of furnace structure design, provide theoretical support for reducing carbon fiber production energy consumption, and provide a basis for related numerical simulation research, a low-temperature carbonization furnace wire based on OVERSET model. Three-dimensional simulation method of beam heating process.
为实现本发明的目的采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the present invention is:
一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于所述模拟方法包括有如下步骤：A three-dimensional simulation method of a low-temperature carbonization furnace tow heating process based on the OVERSET model, characterized in that the simulation method comprises the following steps:
（1）、构建低温碳化炉全流场三维数学模型；(1) Build a three-dimensional mathematical model of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace;
构建低温碳化炉全流场计算的三维数学模型包含的三维连续性方程、动量方程、能量守恒方程分别如公式(1)、(2)、(3)所示：The three-dimensional continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy conservation equation included in the three-dimensional mathematical model for the calculation of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace are respectively shown in formulas (1), (2), and (3):
三维连续性方程：Three-dimensional continuity equation:
式中，
ρ-流体密度；
t-时间；V-速度矢量，其中
u
、
v
、
w为V在
x、
y及
z三个方向上的分量；
In the formula, ρ -fluid density; t -time; V-velocity vector, where u , v , w are the components of V in the three directions of x , y and z ;
动量方程：Momentum equation:
其中，
μ是动力黏度，
F
b
是微元上的体积力；
Among them, μ is the dynamic viscosity, F b is the volume force on the micro-element;
能量守恒方程：Energy conservation equation:
其中，
C
p
—比热容，
T—温度，
k—流体传热系数，
S
T
—粘性耗散项；
where, C p —specific heat capacity, T —temperature, k —fluid heat transfer coefficient, S T —viscous dissipation term;
（2）、根据实际工程中低温碳化炉的几何参数，采用SOLIDWORKS软件建立低温碳化炉马弗腔内流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型，并设定相关几何参数；(2) According to the geometric parameters of the low-temperature carbonization furnace in the actual project, the SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid calculation domain and the heated tow in the muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, and set the relevant geometric parameters;
（3）、将上一步骤建立的流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型分别传递到ICEM软件的Blocking模块中，在Blocking模块中采用O-Block方式对流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型进行网格划分；对靠近丝束表面壁面处进行网格加密，根据标准壁面函数的要求，保证网格层数不少于五层，网格划分策略采用BiGeometric方式，控制比率因子设置为默认值1.2，根据ICEM软件中网格质量的标准，保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.85，同时，定义流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界名称；(3) Transfer the fluid computational domain and the 3D simulation model of the heated tow established in the previous step to the Blocking module of the ICEM software respectively. In the Blocking module, the O-Block method is used to analyze the fluid computational domain and the heated tow. According to the requirements of the standard wall function, ensure that the number of grid layers is not less than five layers, and the meshing strategy adopts the BiGeometric method to control the ratio factor. Set to the default value of 1.2. According to the grid quality standard in ICEM software, ensure that the grid quality of the overall structure is greater than 0.85. At the same time, define the inlet and outlet and wall boundary names of the fluid computational domain and the 3D simulation model of the heated tow;
（4）、将划分好网格的流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型传递到ANSYS软件中的FLUENT计算模块，并进行设置边界条件；对ANSYS软件中的FLUENT模块进行设置的过程如下：(4) Transfer the meshed fluid computational domain and the 3D simulation model of the heated tow to the FLUENT calculation module in the ANSYS software, and set the boundary conditions; the process of setting the FLUENT module in the ANSYS software is as follows :
（4.1）、在User Defined选项导入根据工艺参数编制的自定义丝束运动参数，通过UDF控制被加热丝束的运动状态，实现丝束在低温碳化炉中运动过程；(4.1) Import the custom tow motion parameters compiled according to the process parameters in the User Defined option, and control the motion state of the heated tow through UDF to realize the motion process of the tow in the low-temperature carbonization furnace;
（4.2）、在File选项中导入ICEM软件划分完成的计算所需的背景网格与前景网格；(4.2), in the File option, import the background grid and foreground grid required for the calculation completed by the ICEM software;
（4.3）、在General选项中，将y方向Gravitational
Acceleration选项根据实际设定为预设值，time选项设置为Transient瞬态传热；(4.3), in the General option, set the y direction to Gravitational
The Acceleration option is set to a preset value according to the actual setting, and the time option is set to Transient transient heat transfer;
（4.4）、将Models选项中的Energy勾选Energy Equation，Viscous Models选项中选取laminar
模型，为了判断炉腔内气流运动状态，引入雷诺数进行描述，雷诺数的计算公式为：(4.4), check Energy Equation in the Energy in the Models option, and select laminar in the Viscous Models option
Model, in order to judge the airflow movement state in the furnace cavity, the Reynolds number is introduced to describe, the calculation formula of Reynolds number is:
其中，其中
v、
ρ、
μ分别为流体的流速、密度与黏性系数，
d为特征长度；通过雷诺数的计算，进而选择湍流模型为laminar模型；
Among them, v , ρ , μ are the flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid, respectively, and d is the characteristic length; through the calculation of the Reynolds number, the turbulence model is selected as the laminar model;
（4.5）在Materials Fluid选项部分选择空气和氮气；在Materials Solid选项建立丝束的物理参数，包括密度、比热容和热传导率物理参数；(4.5) Select air and nitrogen in the Materials Fluid option section; establish the physical parameters of the tow in the Materials Solid option, including the physical parameters of density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity;
（4.6）、在Cell Zone
Conditions选项中将Fluid1部分设为氮气，Fluid2部分设为氧气；将Solid1部分设为丝束；(4.6), in Cell Zone
In the Conditions option, set the Fluid1 part to nitrogen and the Fluid2 part to oxygen; set the Solid1 part to tow;
（4.7）、在Boundary
Conditions选项中设置入口边界条件为Pressure-inlet，并将Velocity Magnitude根据实际要求设置为预设值，Thermal选项设置为udf tm-inlet，设置出口边界条件为Pressure-outlet，将一侧壁面设置为对流换热面，UDF定义每小时内炉壁空气综合温度值，对流换热系数根据实际要求设置为预设值，其他壁面设置为绝热壁面，将丝束与气体接触面设置为Coupled；(4.7), in Boundary
In the Conditions option, set the inlet boundary condition to Pressure-inlet, set Velocity Magnitude to the preset value according to actual requirements, set the Thermal option to udf tm-inlet, set the outlet boundary condition to Pressure-outlet, and set one side wall to convection For the heat exchange surface, UDF defines the comprehensive temperature value of the furnace wall air per hour, the convective heat transfer coefficient is set to the preset value according to the actual requirements, the other walls are set as adiabatic walls, and the contact surface between the tow and the gas is set as Coupled;
（4.8）、在Overset
Interface选项中创建交界面，在Background Zones选项中选择背景网格，在Component Zones中选择前景网格，Overset模型在计算中进行预处理，包括寻点、挖洞和建立插值关系；(4.8), in Overset
Create an interface in the Interface option, select the background grid in the Background Zones option, and select the foreground grid in the Component Zones. The Overset model is preprocessed in the calculation, including point finding, digging holes, and establishing interpolation relationships;
（4.9）、选择Check Case后，以步骤（1）中的低温碳化炉全流场三维数学模型为基础进行计算，计算时间根据实际工程中参数设定；(4.9) After selecting Check Case, calculate based on the three-dimensional mathematical model of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace in step (1), and the calculation time is set according to the parameters in the actual project;
（5）、将仿真运算得到结果传递到后处理软件CFD-POST
实现碳化炉中丝束被加热过程中物理参数的可视化；(5) Transfer the results obtained from the simulation operation to the post-processing software CFD-POST
Realize the visualization of the physical parameters during the heating process of the tow in the carbonization furnace;
（6）、在相同设置条件下，通过设置不同工作温度与丝束运动速度并重复步骤（2）-（5），以进行多次模拟计算，判定不同炉腔温度与丝束运动速度时丝束表面温度分布状态，预测炉腔对丝束的加热性能，以此作为设计低温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据。(6) Under the same setting conditions, by setting different working temperatures and tow moving speeds and repeating steps (2)-(5), several simulation calculations are performed to determine the different furnace chamber temperatures and tow moving speeds. The temperature distribution state of the tow surface is used to predict the heating performance of the furnace cavity to the tow, which is used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the low temperature carbonization furnace.
步骤（2）中根据实际工程中低温碳化炉设定的相关参数包括：马弗腔体的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封氮气管的进口尺寸，氮气管出口的尺寸，以及丝束的几何形状和几何尺寸。In step (2), the relevant parameters set according to the low temperature carbonization furnace in the actual project include: the geometric shape and geometric size of the muffle cavity, the geometric shape and geometric size of the inlet and outlet seals, the inlet size of the inlet and outlet sealed nitrogen pipes, and the nitrogen gas. The dimensions of the tube outlet, and the geometry and geometry of the tow.
步骤（3）中定义所述三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界名称包括丝束壁面、炉腔进出口和炉腔壁面的边界名称。In step (3), the boundary names of the inlet and outlet and the wall surface of the three-dimensional simulation model are defined, including the boundary names of the tow wall surface, the inlet and outlet of the furnace cavity, and the wall surface of the furnace cavity.
步骤（4）中，选择流体计算域的三维仿真模型的中心点作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面，选择丝束表面作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面。In step (4), the center point of the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid computing domain is selected as the detection surface, the detection surface is the X-direction plane passing through the center point, the surface of the tow is selected as the detection surface, and the detection surface is the X-direction plane passing through the center point. .
步骤（5）中所述仿真结果包括：检测面的温度变化云图，利用后处理软件CFD-POST实现丝束加热过程中炉腔内温度场、丝束表面温度场的可视化。The simulation results in step (5) include: the temperature change cloud map of the detection surface, and the visualization of the temperature field in the furnace cavity and the surface temperature field of the tow during the heating process of the tow by using the post-processing software CFD-POST.
本发明的有益效果为：本发明基于流场数值计算的方法，对不同生产工艺条件下的炉膛内丝束表面温度场特性进行加热能力研究，克服现有技术在低温碳化炉设计阶段的不足，与现有技术相比，本发明提供的具有如下优势：The beneficial effects of the present invention are: based on the numerical calculation method of the flow field, the present invention conducts research on the heating capability of the temperature field characteristics of the tow surface in the furnace under different production process conditions, and overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art in the design stage of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides the following advantages:
（1）通过在CFD计算软件中引入丝束在低温碳化炉中的运动状态，使计算结果接近实际。(1) By introducing the motion state of the tow in the low-temperature carbonization furnace into the CFD calculation software, the calculation result is made close to the reality.
（2）关于低温碳化炉丝束加热性能的问题，传统的方法通常都是对加热后的丝束性能进行检测。本发明创造性地利用OVERSET模型模拟丝束的运动状态，通过丝束表面温度变化云图判定炉膛的加热能力，从而可以更好的衡量结构设计。(2) Regarding the heating performance of the tow in the low temperature carbonization furnace, the traditional method is usually to test the performance of the tow after heating. The invention creatively uses the OVERSET model to simulate the motion state of the tow, and judges the heating capacity of the furnace through the cloud diagram of the temperature change on the surface of the tow, so that the structure design can be better measured.
（3）可以直观动态的计算丝束表面在低温碳化炉内运动过程中任意时刻的温度分布特性。(3) The temperature distribution characteristics of the tow surface at any time during the movement of the tow surface in the low-temperature carbonization furnace can be intuitively and dynamically calculated.
（4）可以进一步用来研究低温碳化炉对丝束的加热性能，从而为低温碳化炉中在设计时提供参考。(4) It can be further used to study the heating performance of the low temperature carbonization furnace to the tow, so as to provide a reference for the design of the low temperature carbonization furnace.
图1是本发明模拟方法中建立的三维仿真模型示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
图2是本发明OVERSET模型在数值计算中实现的流程图Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the OVERSET model of the present invention is realized in numerical calculation
图3是本发明任意时刻丝束在炉腔内加热过程的温度分布示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the tow in the furnace cavity at any time of the present invention during the heating process.
图4是本发明丝束表面的温度分布示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow of the present invention.
图5是本发明炉腔内温度分布示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution in the furnace chamber of the present invention.
以下结合附图和本发明优选的具体实施例对本发明的结构作进一步地说明。The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred specific embodiments of the present invention.
本发明所公开的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，包括有如下步骤：A three-dimensional simulation method of a low-temperature carbonization furnace tow heating process based on an OVERSET model disclosed in the present invention includes the following steps:
（1）、构建低温碳化炉全流场三维数学模型，为后续仿真计算提供理论依据；(1) Construct a three-dimensional mathematical model of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent simulation calculations;
构建低温碳化炉全流场计算的三维数学模型包含的三维连续性方程、动量方程、能量守恒方程分别如公式(1)、(2)、(3)所示：The three-dimensional continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy conservation equation included in the three-dimensional mathematical model for the calculation of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace are respectively shown in formulas (1), (2), and (3):
三维连续性方程：Three-dimensional continuity equation:
式中，
ρ-流体密度；
t-时间；V-速度矢量，其中
u
、
v
、
w为V在
x、
y及
z三个方向上的分量；
In the formula, ρ -fluid density; t -time; V-velocity vector, where u , v , w are the components of V in the three directions of x , y and z ;
动量方程：Momentum equation:
其中，
μ是动力黏度，
F
b
是微元上的体积力；
Among them, μ is the dynamic viscosity, F b is the volume force on the micro-element;
能量守恒方程：Energy conservation equation:
其中，
C
p
—比热容，
T—温度，
k—流体传热系数，
S
T
—粘性耗散项。
Among them, C p - specific heat capacity, T - temperature, k - fluid heat transfer coefficient, S T - viscous dissipation term.
（2）、根据实际工程中低温碳化炉的几何参数，采用三维辅助设计软件SOLIDWORKS软件建立低温碳化炉马弗腔内流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型，如图1中所示，并设定相关几何参数；至少包括：马弗腔体的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封氮气管的进口尺寸，氮气管出口的尺寸，以及丝束的几何形状和几何尺寸。(2) According to the geometric parameters of the low-temperature carbonization furnace in the actual project, the 3D-aided design software SOLIDWORKS software is used to establish the three-dimensional simulation model of the fluid calculation domain and the heated tow in the muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, as shown in Figure 1, And set the relevant geometric parameters; at least include: the geometry and size of the muffle cavity, the geometry and size of the inlet and outlet seals, the inlet size of the inlet and outlet sealed nitrogen pipes, the size of the outlet of the nitrogen pipe, and the size of the tow. Geometric shapes and geometric dimensions.
（3）、将上一步骤建立的流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型分别传递到ICEM软件的Blocking模块中，在Blocking模块中采用O-Block方式对三维仿真模型进行网格划分；对靠近丝束表面壁面处进行网格加密，根据标准壁面函数的要求，保证网格层数不少于五层，网格划分策略采用BiGeometric方式，控制比率因子设置为默认值1.2，根据ICEM软件中网格质量的标准，保证整体结构的网格质量大于0.85，同时，为了便于后期设置计算条件，定义流体计算域和被加热丝束三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界名称；主要包括丝束壁面、炉腔进出口和炉腔壁面的边界名称。(3) Transfer the fluid computational domain established in the previous step and the 3D simulation model of the heated tow to the Blocking module of the ICEM software, and use the O-Block method to mesh the 3D simulation model in the Blocking module; Mesh refinement is performed on the wall near the surface of the tow. According to the requirements of the standard wall function, ensure that the number of mesh layers is not less than five. The mesh division strategy adopts the BiGeometric method, and the control ratio factor is set to the default value of 1.2. According to the ICEM software The standard of mesh quality in the middle, to ensure that the mesh quality of the overall structure is greater than 0.85. At the same time, in order to facilitate the later setting of calculation conditions, define the fluid calculation domain and the name of the inlet and outlet and wall boundary of the 3D simulation model of the heated tow; mainly including the tow Boundary names for walls, cavity inlet and outlet, and cavity walls.
（4）、如图1中所示，将划分好网格的流体计算域和被加热丝束的三维仿真模型分别传递到ANSYS FLUENT计算模块，并进行设置边界条件；选择流体计算域的三维仿真模型的中心点作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面，选择丝束表面作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面。(4) As shown in Figure 1, transfer the meshed fluid computational domain and the 3D simulation model of the heated tow to the ANSYS FLUENT computational module, and set the boundary conditions; select the 3D simulation of the fluid computational domain The center point of the model is used as the detection surface, and the detection surface is the X direction plane passing through the center point. The surface of the tow is selected as the detection surface, and the detection surface is the X direction plane passing through the center point.
对ANSYS FLUENT模块进行设置的过程如下：The process of setting up the ANSYS FLUENT module is as follows:
（4.1）、在User Defined选项导入根据工艺参数编制的自定义丝束运动参数，通过UDF控制被加热丝束的运动状态，实现丝束在低温碳化炉中运动过程；(4.1) Import the custom tow motion parameters compiled according to the process parameters in the User Defined option, and control the motion state of the heated tow through UDF to realize the motion process of the tow in the low-temperature carbonization furnace;
（4.2）、在File选项中导入ICEM软件划分完成的计算所需的背景网格与前景网格；(4.2), in the File option, import the background grid and foreground grid required for the calculation completed by the ICEM software;
（4.3）、在General选项中，将y方向Gravitational
Acceleration选项 根据实际设定为预设值，time选项设置为Transient瞬态传热；(4.3), in the General option, set the y direction to Gravitational
The Acceleration option is set to the default value according to the actual setting, and the time option is set to Transient transient heat transfer;
（4.4）、将Models选项中的Energy勾选Energy Equation，Viscous Models选项中选取laminar
模型，为了判断炉腔内气流运动状态，引入雷诺数进行描述，雷诺数的计算公式为：(4.4), check Energy Equation in the Energy in the Models option, and select laminar in the Viscous Models option
Model, in order to judge the airflow movement state in the furnace cavity, the Reynolds number is introduced to describe, the calculation formula of Reynolds number is:
其中，其中
v、
ρ、
μ分别为流体的流速、密度与黏性系数，
d为特征长度；通过雷诺数的计算，进而选择湍流模型为laminar模型；
Among them, v , ρ , μ are the flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid, respectively, and d is the characteristic length; through the calculation of the Reynolds number, the turbulence model is selected as the laminar model;
（4.5）在Materials Fluid选项部分选择空气和氮气；在Materials Solid选项建立丝束的物理参数，包括密度、比热容和热传导率物理参数；(4.5) Select air and nitrogen in the Materials Fluid option section; establish the physical parameters of the tow in the Materials Solid option, including the physical parameters of density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity;
（4.6）、在Cell Zone
Conditions选项中将Fluid1部分设为氮气，Fluid2部分设为氧气；将Solid1部分设为丝束；(4.6), in Cell Zone
In the Conditions option, set the Fluid1 part to nitrogen and the Fluid2 part to oxygen; set the Solid1 part to tow;
（4.7）、在Boundary
Conditions选项中设置入口边界条件为Pressure-inlet，并将Velocity Magnitude根据实际要求设置为预设值，Thermal选项设置为udf tm-inlet，设置出口边界条件为Pressure-outlet，将一侧壁面设置为对流换热面，UDF定义每小时内炉壁空气综合温度值，对流换热系数根据实际要求设置为预设值，其他壁面设置为绝热壁面，将丝束与气体接触面设置为Coupled;(4.7), in Boundary
In the Conditions option, set the inlet boundary condition to Pressure-inlet, set Velocity Magnitude to the preset value according to actual requirements, set the Thermal option to udf tm-inlet, set the outlet boundary condition to Pressure-outlet, and set one side wall to convection For the heat exchange surface, UDF defines the comprehensive temperature value of the furnace wall air per hour, the convective heat transfer coefficient is set to the preset value according to the actual requirements, the other walls are set as adiabatic walls, and the contact surface between the tow and the gas is set as Coupled;
（4.8）、在Overset
Interface选项中创建交界面，在Background Zones选项中选择背景网格，在Component Zones中选择前景网格，Overset模型在计算中会进行预处理，包括寻点、挖洞和建立插值关系，如图2所示；(4.8), in Overset
Create an interface in the Interface option, select the background grid in the Background Zones option, and select the foreground grid in the Component Zones. The Overset model will be preprocessed in the calculation, including finding points, digging holes and establishing interpolation relationships, as shown in Figure 2 shown;
（4.9）、选择Check Case后，以步骤（1）中的三维数学模型为基础进行计算，计算时间根据实际工程中参数设定。(4.9) After selecting Check Case, calculate based on the three-dimensional mathematical model in step (1), and the calculation time is set according to the parameters in the actual project.
（5）、将仿真运算得到结果传递到后处理软件CFD-POST
实现碳化炉中丝束被加热过程中物理参数的可视化；所述仿真结果包括：检测面的温度变化云图，利用后处理软件CFD-POST实现丝束加热过程中炉腔内温度场、丝束表面温度场的可视化如图4、图5。由图可见三维计算结果不仅精度完全可以满足要求，而且输出数据的类型多样，输出的结果也更加直观。(5) Transfer the results obtained from the simulation operation to the post-processing software CFD-POST
Realize the visualization of physical parameters in the process of heating the tow in the carbonization furnace; the simulation results include: the temperature change cloud map of the detection surface, and use the post-processing software CFD-POST to realize the temperature field in the furnace cavity and the surface of the tow during the tow heating process. The visualization of the temperature field is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5. It can be seen from the figure that not only the accuracy of the three-dimensional calculation results can fully meet the requirements, but also the types of output data are diverse, and the output results are more intuitive.
（6）、在相同设置条件下，通过设置不同工作温度与丝束运动速度并重复步骤（2）-（5），以进行多次模拟计算，判定不同炉腔温度与丝束运动速度时丝束表面温度分布状态，可以更好的预测炉腔对丝束的加热性能，以此作为设计低温碳化炉马弗腔体结构和运行工艺参数的依据。(6) Under the same setting conditions, by setting different working temperatures and tow moving speeds and repeating steps (2)-(5), several simulation calculations are performed to determine the different furnace chamber temperatures and tow moving speeds. The temperature distribution of the tow surface can better predict the heating performance of the furnace cavity to the tow, which can be used as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the low temperature carbonization furnace.
本发明通过udf定义丝束运动规律，入口边界velocity-inlet中修改气流速度大小可以得出不同丝束运动状态下丝束表面温度分布与马弗炉内蓄热能力的变化规律。分析丝束表面温度分布，丝束温度随着进入炉腔内长度逐渐增加，炉腔温度时刻保持恒定。The invention defines the motion law of the tow by udf, and by modifying the airflow velocity in the inlet boundary velocity-inlet, the changing law of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow and the heat storage capacity in the muffle furnace under different tow motion states can be obtained. The temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is analyzed. The temperature of the tow increases gradually with the length of the tow entering the furnace cavity, and the temperature of the furnace cavity remains constant at all times.
综上，丝束在进入炉腔的过程中表面温度逐渐升高，丝束被加热，炉膛壁面具有良好的加热效果，其蓄热性能优越；从任意时刻丝束在炉腔内加热过程的温度分布示意图如图3所示，和丝束表面的温度分布示意图如图4所示，显示出丝束表面被加热的过程温度呈现梯度增加，丝束表面温度分布均匀；本发明炉腔内温度分布示意图如图5所示，显示马弗腔内温度分布均匀，说明该炉腔内的气流组织合理分布。为验证仿真结果，应多次模拟，比较分析实验结果，得出丝束运动速度与马弗炉腔蓄热性能的最佳方案。To sum up, the surface temperature of the tow gradually increases during the process of entering the furnace cavity, the tow is heated, the furnace wall has a good heating effect, and its heat storage performance is superior; The schematic diagram of the distribution is shown in Figure 3, and the schematic diagram of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is shown in Figure 4, which shows that the temperature in the process of heating the surface of the tow increases gradually, and the temperature distribution on the surface of the tow is uniform; the temperature distribution in the furnace cavity of the present invention is The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 5, which shows that the temperature distribution in the muffle cavity is uniform, indicating that the air flow in the furnace cavity is reasonably distributed. In order to verify the simulation results, multiple simulations should be performed, and the experimental results should be compared and analyzed to obtain the best solution for the speed of the tow movement and the heat storage performance of the muffle furnace cavity.
本发明所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行的描述，并非对本发明构思和范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计思想的前提下，本领域中工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变型和改进，均应落入本发明的保护范围，本发明请求保护的技术内容，已经全部记载在权利要求书中。The embodiments of the present invention are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made should fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content claimed in the present invention has been fully recorded in the claims.
Claims (5)
- 一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于所述模拟方法包括有如下步骤：A three-dimensional simulation method of a low-temperature carbonization furnace tow heating process based on the OVERSET model, characterized in that the simulation method comprises the following steps:（1）、构建低温碳化炉全流场三维数学模型；(1) Build a three-dimensional mathematical model of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace;构建低温碳化炉全流场计算的三维数学模型包含的三维连续性方程、动量方程、能量守恒方程分别如公式(1)、(2)、(3)所示：The three-dimensional continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy conservation equation included in the three-dimensional mathematical model for the calculation of the full flow field of the low-temperature carbonization furnace are respectively shown in formulas (1), (2), and (3):三维连续性方程：Three-dimensional continuity equation:
- 根据权利要求所述的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）中根据实际工程中低温碳化炉设定的相关参数包括：马弗腔体的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封的几何形状和几何尺寸，进出口密封氮气管的进口尺寸，氮气管出口的尺寸，以及丝束的几何形状和几何尺寸。A three-dimensional simulation method for tow heating process of low temperature carbonization furnace based on OVERSET model according to the claim, characterized in that: in step (2), the relevant parameters set according to the low temperature carbonization furnace in the actual project include: muffle cavity The geometry and dimensions, the geometry and dimensions of the inlet and outlet seals, the inlet dimensions of the inlet and outlet seal nitrogen pipes, the dimensions of the outlet of the nitrogen pipes, and the geometry and dimensions of the tow.
- 根据权利要求所述的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（3）中定义所述三维仿真模型的进出口与壁面边界名称包括丝束壁面、炉腔进出口和炉腔壁面的边界名称。A three-dimensional simulation method for tow heating process of low temperature carbonization furnace based on OVERSET model according to claim, characterized in that: in step (3), the boundary names of the inlet and outlet and the wall surface of the three-dimensional simulation model are defined as including the tow wall surface, Designation of the boundary between the inlet and outlet of the oven cavity and the walls of the oven cavity.
- 根据权利要求所述的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）中，选择流体计算域的三维仿真模型的中心点作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面，选择丝束表面作为检测面，检测面为过中心点的X方向平面。A method for 3D simulation of tow heating process of low temperature carbonization furnace based on OVERSET model according to claim, characterized in that: in step (4), the center point of the 3D simulation model of the fluid computing domain is selected as the detection surface, and the detection surface It is the X-direction plane passing through the center point, and the surface of the tow is selected as the detection surface, and the detection surface is the X-direction plane passing through the center point.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于OVERSET模型的低温碳化炉丝束加热过程三维模拟方法，其特征在于：步骤（5）中所述仿真结果包括：检测面的温度变化云图，利用后处理软件CFD-POST实现丝束加热过程中炉腔内温度场、丝束表面温度场的可视化。The three-dimensional simulation method for the tow heating process of a low temperature carbonization furnace based on the OVERSET model according to claim 1, wherein the simulation result in step (5) includes: a temperature change cloud map of the detection surface, using post-processing software CFD-POST realizes the visualization of the temperature field in the furnace cavity and the surface temperature field of the tow during the tow heating process.
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