CN111680432B - Low-temperature carbonization furnace multi-coupling field stress distribution simulation method based on WORKBENCH - Google Patents
Low-temperature carbonization furnace multi-coupling field stress distribution simulation method based on WORKBENCH Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A simulation method of multi-coupling field stress distribution of a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on WORKBENCH relates to the technical field of design analysis of low-temperature carbonization furnaces. The method overcomes the defect that the stress characteristics of materials in different furnace chambers cannot be tested in the design stage of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, and comprises the following steps: (1) Establishing a three-dimensional simulation model by adopting a Design Modeler module in WORKBENCH software; (2) carrying out mesh division on the three-dimensional simulation model; (3) Transmitting the fluid calculation domain three-dimensional simulation model subjected to the grid division to a CFX calculation module and setting; (4) Transmitting the result obtained by the simulation operation to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural for thermal stress calculation; (5) And (5) under the same setting condition, setting different working temperature and air flow speed parameters and repeating the steps (1) to (4) to perform multiple times of simulation calculation. The stress distribution state of the low-temperature carbonization furnace at different temperatures and air flow speeds is judged, the structural performance of the furnace chamber and the uniform distribution state of the air flow can be predicted, and the basis of the structure and the operation technological parameters of the muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is designed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of design analysis of a low-temperature carbonization furnace.
Background
In the production process of carbon fibers, a low-temperature carbonization furnace is one of key equipment, a low-temperature carbon ash furnace is a carbonization furnace with the working temperature of 300 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and the carbonization furnace mainly comprises a frame body (furnace shell), a heat insulation material, a stainless steel muffle, a muffle counterweight device, a heating element, a sensing element, an inlet nitrogen seal, an outlet cooling water tank, an outlet nitrogen seal, a muffle internal gas detection device, a high-purity nitrogen pipeline system, an electric appliance temperature control system and the like. The stainless steel muffle is a key part of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, and is heated to generate large deformation when working in a high-temperature environment of 300-1000 ℃ for a long time, and the performance and the service life of the low-temperature carbonization furnace are greatly influenced by the air tightness, the service life, the deformation, the local stress and the like of the stainless steel muffle due to the temperature difference stress and the deformation of the stainless steel muffle at different temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to study the internal temperature and stress of the stainless steel muffle of the low-temperature carbonization furnace.
In developed foreign countries represented by the united states and japan, the technology for producing high-performance carbon fibers is monopolized, and the outflow of prevention technology is highly regarded as important. If the current passive situation needs to be changed, the industrial safety threat is broken, the autonomous development of the carbon fiber production line equipment for realizing the localization and industrialization needs to be solved urgently, and professional researchers related to carbon fibers are also needed to continuously improve and research. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rational design method that can achieve a furnace wall with a surface temperature that meets the specifications and reduces the specific energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In summary, the present invention is directed to overcome the defect that the stress characteristics of different furnace chamber materials cannot be tested in the low temperature carbonization furnace design stage in the prior art, and provides a simulation method for multi-coupling field stress distribution of a low temperature carbonization furnace based on work beam.
In order to solve the technical problem provided by the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a simulation method of multi-coupling field stress distribution of a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on WORKBENCH is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and a cavity structure of the low-temperature carbonization furnace by adopting a CAD (computer aided Design) software Design Modeler module in WORKBENCH software; the parameters to be set include: the geometrical shape and the geometrical size of the muffle cavity structure;
(2) Respectively transmitting the three-dimensional simulation models of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and the furnace cavity structure of the low-temperature carbonization furnace established in the step (1) to a Mesh division Mesh module, carrying out Mesh division on the three-dimensional simulation models in the Mesh module in a Sweep mode, carrying out Mesh encryption on the positions close to the wall surface of the furnace cavity, simultaneously ensuring that the Mesh quality of the whole structure is more than 0.5, and defining the names of an inlet and an outlet of the three-dimensional simulation model and the boundary of the wall surface for conveniently setting calculation boundary condition parameters in the later period;
(3) Transmitting the three-dimensional simulation Model of the low-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity fluid calculation Domain divided by the grids in the step (2) to a CFX calculation module of WORKBENCH software, setting the three-dimensional simulation Model in the CFX calculation module, setting a heat transfer Model and a turbulence Model in a Domain option, setting a Gravity Y digit to be 9.81m2/s in a Buoyancy Model, setting a calculation medium Material to be nitrogen and oxygen, and setting an inlet-outlet pressure value and a wall surface condition in a Boundary Details option;
(4) Transmitting the three-dimensional simulation model of the low-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure divided by the grids in the step (2) to a Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, transmitting the temperature distribution and pressure distribution results calculated in the step (3) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, importing the temperature distribution results in an inported Load option, and performing simulation operation in a Solution option to obtain the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures, so that the stress distribution characteristics serve as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the low-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation result obtained by simulation operation in the Solution option comprises the following steps: a total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, a stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and a strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure;
(5) Under the same setting condition, different parameters are set for a fluid calculation domain of a muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and a three-dimensional simulation model of a furnace cavity structure, the temperature and the air flow speed are adjusted according to actual process parameters, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated to carry out simulation calculation for multiple times, and the total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and the strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure are taken as the basis for determining the optimized furnace cavity structure and air flow distribution design.
The technical scheme for further limiting the invention comprises the following steps:
in the step (3), the process of setting the CFX calculation module is as follows:
(3.1) introducing a self-defined temperature parameter compiled according to the time change rule of the temperature in the furnace in operation in an Expression option;
(3.2) in the Buoyancy option, the Y-direction Gravity Y Dirn is set to 9.81m 2 (ii) s, the Gravity X Dirn and the Gravity Z Dirn are set to 0 m 2 (s), analysis type option set to Steady;
(3.3) setting the Heat Transfer in the Fluid Models option as Thermal Energy and selecting a k-epsilon model in the Turbulonce option;
(3.4) selecting air and nitrogen as the computing media at the Material Library option;
(3.5) in the options of Fluid and particle Definitions, the Fluid1 part is nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part is oxygen;
(3.6) setting an inlet Boundary condition as Static Pressure in the Boundary option, setting a Heat Transfer option as an actual value, setting an outlet Boundary condition as Average Static Pressure, setting inlet and outlet pressures as actual values, setting each calculation domain as Interface for data exchange, setting the wall surface as a convection Heat exchange surface, defining a furnace wall air comprehensive temperature value by using Expression, calculating a convection Heat exchange coefficient according to an actual monitoring value, and setting other wall surfaces as smooth wall surfaces;
and (3.7) selecting Define Run and then calculating.
In the step (4), the process of setting the calculation modules in the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural modes is as follows:
(4.1) respectively loading temperature field results calculated by an external flow field in an implanted Loads option in a Steady-state-thermal module, selecting a flow field and hearth structure interface as a coupling surface for data transmission, sequentially loading temperature field data of each coupling surface, then calculating the temperature in a Solution option, and loading the temperature field data to the wall surface of a furnace chamber;
(4.2) setting a gravity acceleration and displacement constraint condition in a Steady-state-thermal module through an Insert option, enabling the cavity structure to move in the horizontal direction, enabling the cavity structure not to move in the vertical direction, inputting a solving setting parameter in an Analysis Settings module, and setting iteration step number and a solving type.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a multi-coupling field numerical calculation method based on a flow field-temperature field-stress field coupling calculation model, which is used for carrying out thermal stress characteristic analysis on a hearth structure of a carbon fiber precursor at the temperature of 300-1000 ℃ in the carbonization process, and carrying out optimized design on the structure by simulating a thermal flow field in the design process, so that the manufacturing cost of a low-temperature carbonization furnace is reduced on the premise of not reducing the existing heat insulation effect. Therefore, the method can reduce the experiment cost, optimize the design, provide theoretical support for reducing the production cost of the carbon fiber and provide basis for related numerical simulation research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model created in the simulation method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a mesh partitioning result of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the total deformation of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the stress distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the strain distribution of the three-dimensional model established in the simulation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the invention.
A simulation method of multi-coupling field stress distribution of a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on WORKBENCH is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Referring to fig. 1, a CAD software Design Modeler module in the work beam test software is adopted to establish a three-dimensional simulation model of a low-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and a furnace cavity structure; the parameters to be set include: muffle cavity geometry and geometric dimensions.
(2) And (2) respectively transmitting the low-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity fluid calculation domain established in the step (1) and the three-dimensional simulation model of the furnace cavity structure to a Mesh division Mesh module, carrying out Mesh division on the three-dimensional simulation model in the Mesh module by adopting a Sweep mode, carrying out Mesh encryption on a position close to the wall surface of the furnace cavity in order to ensure the accuracy of a flow field calculation result, ensuring that the Mesh quality of the whole structure is more than 0.5, conveniently setting calculation boundary condition parameters in the later period, and defining the inlet, the outlet and the wall boundary name of the three-dimensional simulation model.
(3) And (3) as shown in the figure 3, transmitting the three-dimensional simulation Model of the low-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity fluid calculation Domain divided by the grids in the step (2) to a CFX calculation module of WORKBENCH software, setting the three-dimensional simulation Model in the CFX calculation module, setting a heat transfer Model and a turbulence Model in a Domain option, and setting a Gravity Y Dirn in a Buoyancy Model to be 9.81m 2 And/s, calculating medium Material setting as nitrogen and oxygen, and setting inlet and outlet pressure values and wall surface conditions in Boundary Details options.
The procedure for setting up the CFX calculation module is as follows:
(3.1) introducing a self-defined temperature parameter compiled according to the time change rule of the temperature in the furnace in operation in an Expression option;
(3.2) in the Buoyancy option, the Y-direction Gravity Y Dirn is set to 9.81m 2 (ii) s, the Gravity X Dirn and Gravity Z Dirn are set to 0 m 2 (iv)/s, analysis type option set to Steady;
(3.3) setting Heat Transfer in the Fluid Models option as Thermal Energy, and selecting a k-epsilon model in the Turbulence option;
(3.4) selecting air and nitrogen as the computing media at the Material Library option;
(3.5) in the options of Fluid and particle Definitions, the Fluid1 part is nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part is oxygen;
(3.6) setting an inlet Boundary condition as Static Pressure in the Boundary option, setting a Heat Transfer option as an actual value, setting an outlet Boundary condition as Average Static Pressure, setting inlet and outlet pressures as actual values, setting each calculation domain as an Interface for data exchange, setting wall surfaces as convection Heat exchange surfaces, defining a furnace wall air comprehensive temperature value by using Expression, calculating a convection Heat exchange coefficient according to an actual monitoring value, and setting other wall surfaces as smooth wall surfaces;
and (3.7) selecting the Define Run and then calculating.
(4) Transmitting the three-dimensional simulation model of the furnace cavity structure of the low-temperature carbonization furnace divided by the grids in the step (2) to a Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, transmitting the temperature distribution and pressure distribution results calculated in the step (3) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, introducing the temperature distribution results in an inported Load option, and performing simulation operation in a Solution option to obtain the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures, so that the stress distribution characteristics serve as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the low-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation result obtained by simulation operation in the Solution option comprises the following steps: a total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, a stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and a strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure; the specific process of setting the calculation modules in the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation modules is as follows:
(4.1) respectively loading temperature field results calculated by an external flow field in an implanted Loads option in a Steady-state-thermal module, selecting a flow field and hearth structure interface as a coupling surface for data transmission, sequentially loading temperature field data of each coupling surface, then calculating the temperature in a Solution option, and loading the temperature field data to the wall surface of a furnace chamber;
(4.2) setting a gravity acceleration and a displacement constraint condition in a Steady-state-thermal module through an Insert option to enable the cavity structure to move in the horizontal direction and not move in the vertical direction, inputting a solving setting parameter in an Analysis Settings module, and setting iteration step number and a solving type.
(5) Under the same setting condition, different parameters are set for a fluid calculation domain of a muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and a three-dimensional simulation model of a furnace cavity structure, the temperature and the air flow speed are adjusted according to actual process parameters, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated to carry out simulation calculation for multiple times, and the total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, the stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and the strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure are taken as the basis for determining the optimized furnace structure and air flow distribution design.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the total deformation of the inlet and outlet in the muffle in a certain range has a large difference along the direction of the inlet and outlet, and particularly, the deformation is the largest at the middle position of the furnace chamber and exceeds 2mm. The deformation of the muffle inlet and outlet positions is uniform, and the deformation of the furnace wall in the middle of the furnace chamber is also uniform. Because the temperature of the heated parts of the muffle cavity is uneven, and larger temperature difference stress exists in some parts, particularly near the inlet and the outlet. The stainless steel muffle has larger expansion deformation along the length direction, the follow-up mechanisms must be considered at two ends of the muffle cavity structure so as to adapt to the expansion and contraction of the stainless steel muffle, and the smaller the resistance is, the better the resistance is.
As can be seen from the cloud charts of the thermal strain and stress analysis in fig. 4 and 5, the position where the thermal stress is the largest appears at the edge of the muffle cavity structure, and the maximum value is about 4MPa. This is because there is great heat exchange with the external environment of cavity, and the muffle cavity material local temperature difference is great to produce thermal stress, and the local stress concentration that the change of structure caused, simultaneously because the production carbon fiber technology requires that middle furnace chamber temperature be higher than the temperature of import and export position, this is the root cause that leads to the above-mentioned phenomenon to appear. The main reasons for the above phenomena are the structure, deformation, insufficient location and cross-sectional area of the exhaust port and the internal temperature uniformity of the stainless steel muffle of the low-temperature carbonization furnace. Therefore, the invention can improve the quality of the carbon fiber and reduce the production cost by analyzing the flow field, the temperature field and the stress field of the muffle cavity of the low-temperature furnace, and provides data reference and basis for further development of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, thereby having important significance for the construction of a carbon fiber production line.
The embodiments of the present invention are described only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall into the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content of the present invention which is claimed is fully set forth in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A simulation method of multi-coupling field stress distribution of a low-temperature carbonization furnace based on WORKBENCH is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and a cavity structure of the low-temperature carbonization furnace by adopting a CAD software Design Modeler module in WORKBENCH software; the parameters to be set include: the geometrical shape and the geometrical size of the muffle cavity structure;
(2) Respectively transmitting the three-dimensional simulation models of the muffle cavity fluid calculation domain and the furnace cavity structure of the low-temperature carbonization furnace established in the step (1) to a Mesh division Mesh module, carrying out Mesh division on the three-dimensional simulation models in the Mesh module in a Sweep mode, carrying out Mesh encryption on the positions close to the wall surface of the furnace cavity, simultaneously ensuring that the Mesh quality of the whole structure is more than 0.5, and defining the names of an inlet and an outlet of the three-dimensional simulation model and the boundary of the wall surface for conveniently setting calculation boundary condition parameters in the later period;
(3) Transmitting the three-dimensional simulation Model of the low-temperature carbonization furnace muffle cavity fluid calculation Domain and the furnace cavity structure divided by the grids in the step (2) to a CFX calculation module of WORKBENCH software, setting the CFX calculation module, setting a heat transfer Model and a turbulence Model in a Domain option, and setting the Gravity Y Dirn in a Buoyancy Model to be 9.81m 2 Calculating the Material of the medium to be set as nitrogen and oxygen, and setting the inlet and outlet pressure values and the wall surface conditions in the Boundary Details option;
(4) Transmitting the three-dimensional simulation model of the low-temperature carbonization furnace cavity structure divided by the grids in the step (2) to a Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, transmitting the temperature distribution and pressure distribution results calculated in the step (3) to the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural calculation module of WORKBENCH software, importing the temperature distribution results in an inported Load option, and performing simulation operation in a Solution option to obtain the stress distribution characteristics of the muffle structure at different temperatures, so that the stress distribution characteristics serve as the basis for designing the muffle cavity structure and operating process parameters of the low-temperature carbonization furnace; the simulation result obtained by simulation operation in the Solution option comprises the following steps: a total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, a stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and a strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure;
(5) Under the same setting condition, setting different parameters for a fluid calculation domain of a muffle cavity of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and a three-dimensional simulation model of a furnace cavity structure, adjusting the temperature and the air flow speed according to actual process parameters, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) to perform multiple times of simulation calculation, wherein the parameters are used as a basis for determining the optimized furnace structure and air flow distribution design according to a total deformation cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure, a stress distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure and a strain distribution cloud picture of the muffle cavity structure;
in the step (3), the process of setting the CFX calculation module is as follows:
(3.1) introducing a self-defined temperature parameter compiled according to the time change rule of the temperature in the furnace in operation in an Expression option;
(3.2) in the Buoyancy option, the Y-direction Gravity Y Dirn is set to 9.81m 2 (ii) s, the Gravity X Dirn and the Gravity Z Dirn are set to 0 m 2 (s), analysis type option set to Steady;
(3.3) setting Heat Transfer in the Fluid Models option as Thermal Energy, and selecting a k-epsilon model in the Turbulence option;
(3.4) selecting air and nitrogen as the computing media at the Material Library option;
(3.5) in the options of Fluid and particle Definitions, the Fluid1 part is nitrogen, and the Fluid2 part is oxygen;
(3.6) setting an inlet Boundary condition as Static Pressure in the Boundary option, setting a Heat Transfer option as an actual value, setting an outlet Boundary condition as Average Static Pressure, setting inlet and outlet pressures as actual values, setting each calculation domain as Interface for data exchange, setting the wall surface as a convection Heat exchange surface, defining a furnace wall air comprehensive temperature value by using Expression, calculating a convection Heat exchange coefficient according to an actual monitoring value, and setting other wall surfaces as smooth wall surfaces;
(3.7) calculating after selecting the Define Run;
in the step (4), the process of setting the calculation modules in the Steady-state-thermal and Static-structural modes is as follows:
(4.1) respectively loading temperature field results calculated by an external flow field in an implanted Loads option in a Steady-state-thermal module, selecting a flow field and hearth structure interface as a coupling surface for data transmission, sequentially loading temperature field data of each coupling surface, then calculating the temperature in a Solution option, and loading the temperature field data to the wall surface of the furnace chamber;
(4.2) setting a gravity acceleration and a displacement constraint condition in a Steady-state-thermal module through an Insert option to enable the cavity structure to move in the horizontal direction and not move in the vertical direction, inputting a solving setting parameter in an Analysis Settings module, and setting iteration step number and a solving type.
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| CN112446177B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-01-03 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | Simulation method for heat insulation performance of external heat insulation material of high-temperature carbonization furnace |
| WO2022099714A1 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | Dynamic mesh method-based method for tow heating performance three-dimensional simulation in high temperature carbonization furnace |
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