CN105930585A - CFD-based simulation method for flow field and temperature field of Shell gasifier - Google Patents
CFD-based simulation method for flow field and temperature field of Shell gasifier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CFD-based simulation method for a flow field and a temperature field of a Shell gasifier, and relates to the Shell gasifier. The method comprises the following steps of 1) preprocessing: establishing a Shell gasifier physical model, determining a simulation solution domain, and dividing a computational domain grid; 2) solving a control equation by utilizing a solver: performing model setting and solving; and 3, post-processing simulation result display. The flow field and the temperature field of the Shell gasifier are subjected to simulation computing, so that certain basic physical variables in the Shell gasifier are accurately and conveniently obtained and complete in-gasifier information is provided for design and industrial production of the Shell gasifier. The physical variables in the gasifier are accurately predicted, so that the representation of a coal dust gasification process in the Shell gasifier is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Shell gasification furnace, especially relate to the analogy method of a kind of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD.
Background technology
Shell gasification furnace is a kind of typical airflow bed gasification furnace, is widely used in the fields such as coal fired power generation, ammonia from coal and natural gas from coal.Shell gasification furnace air-flow bed coal-gasification technology is the Coal Gasification Technology of a kind of advanced person, has in intensity of gasification height, efficiency of carbon con version height, product coal gas without the advantage such as tar and aldehydes matter.Gazzani (Gazzani, et al.Reduced order modeling of the Shell Prenflo entrained flow gasifier.Fuel, 2013,104,822-837) once reporting and simulate the article of gasification about the reduced-order model utilizing Shell gasification furnace, article does not has and detailed provides the information such as Shell gasification furnace flow field and temperature field.But for the design of Shell gasification furnace and commercial Application, the information such as Shell gasification furnace flow field and temperature field is described significant, it is therefore desirable in modeling process, consider the structure of Shell gasification furnace, coal dust and the chemical reaction of gas phase, Gas-solid Two-phase Flow and mutual coupling etc. thereof comprehensively.
For Shell gasification furnace, common research means has under laboratory scale to be explored and Computer Simulation under test, commercial scale.And the result that the above two are studied can not have well display for Flow and heat flux etc. and explain, scientific research condition is strict simultaneously, funds number is huge, and therefore computer simulation has played highly important effect in terms of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux simulation.
Fluid Mechanics Computation (Computational Fluid Dynamics is called for short CFD) is to be shown by computer numerical value calculation and image, and physics and chemical phenomenon do the analysis of system.By the distribution of the fundamental physical quantity (such as speed, pressure, temperature, concentration etc.) that CFD simulation can obtain in flow field on each position.Obtained result has universality, provides good directive function for experimentation and industrial design.
Though Shell gasification furnace is widelyd popularize at home, but the operating of these devices is not good, and the problem of exposure mainly has the poor stability of coal powder conveying system, lower cinder notch obstruction, collecting ash etc..Receipt point owing to gathering for industry is few, and the physical and chemical reaction situation in burner hearth is not all known, current Shell gasification furnace coal gasification technology relies primarily on knowhow and is adjusted.Simultaneously in order to more conform to the production of each chemical plant, the coal used by gasification furnace and its product are the most different, and this adds difficulty to the analogy method exploring a universality.
By the retrieval to prior art, do not find similar patent.Especially for Shell pulverized coal gasification furnace.The fundamental physical quantity that how can obtain the most efficiently on Shell gasification furnace each position interior is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to deficiencies of the prior art, it is provided that the analogy method of a kind of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD.
The present invention comprises the steps:
1) pre-treatment, described pre-treatment includes the foundation of Shell gasification furnace physical model, the determination in analog approach territory and the division of computational fields grid；
In step 1) in, the division of described computational fields grid can use ICEM CFD software to draw, and specifically comprises the following steps that
(1), according to the furnace binding of Shell gasification furnace and size, and combining nozzle arrangements, the process conditions simultaneously taking account of existence have been determined the geometric model of Shell gasification furnace, utilize geometric model described in SolidWorks Software on Drawing；
(2), above-mentioned geometric model is imported ICEM CFD software, and determine simulation computational fields, being defined as of described analog approach territory；
(3), described computational fields is carried out piecemeal process, be divided into some subregions；
(4), using non-structural hexahedral mesh to divide on described subregion, consider mesh quality, grid density degree and number of grid simultaneously, determine the interstitial content in hexahedral mesh, grid drawing is integrally formed complete computational fields after completing again；
(5), initial setting boundary condition, and derived grid file, prepare output and solve.
2) utilize solver to solve governing equation, described utilize solver to solve governing equation to include that model is arranged and calculating solves；
In step 2) in, described calculating solves, and can to use solver, described solver be Fluent software, and the concrete steps that described calculating solves can be:
(1), by step 1) in the grid file that editted import in Fluent software, grid is checked further, it is ensured that the Unit Scale in grid and simulation computational fields is consistent, and selects Fluent solver and its running environment；
(2), select computation model and computation model parameter is set, including activation energy equation, turbulence model and non-premixed combustion model；
(3), the coal dust character used by simulation is set according to industry coal dust character；
(4), boundary condition is set according to the Shell gasification furnace situation of industry park plan, selects discrete scheme and deficient relaxation factor be set and activate monitor；
(5), initialize flow field and complete iterative calculating, obtaining the fundamental physical quantity in Shell gasification furnace stove.
3) post processing that analog result is shown.
In step 3) in, the concrete grammar of described post processing can be: exports and be shown as figure or curve by the data that CFD simulation obtains, ANSYS CFD-Post software is utilized to carry out post processing, can effectively be observed the result calculated with analysis mode by post processing, the Flow and heat flux being visually known in Shell gasification furnace stove is distributed.
Invention demonstrates a method the speed vector figure of nozzle plane, the temperature cloud picture of nozzle plane and CO and H2Molar fraction is in axial distribution.
The invention have the benefit that the Flow and heat flux of Shell gasification furnace is simulated calculating by the present invention, accurately and conveniently having obtained some fundamental physical quantities in Shell gasification furnace stove, design and commercial production to Shell gasification furnace provide complete in-furnace information.
The present invention is applicable to the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD, provide fundamental basis for industry park plan operation, advance design and the exploitation of Shell gasification furnace, development for Shell gasification furnace provides modeling method the most reliably, save development cost, there is good application prospect and economic worth.
The present invention uses the physics and chemical change that CFD method for numerical simulation taken into full account in stove, overcomes the shortcomings such as experiment test big, the cycle length of investment, precisely predicts the physical quantity in stove, it is achieved thereby that to the reproduction of coal dust gasification process in Shell gasification furnace.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Shell gasification furnace physical arrangement illustraton of model.
Fig. 2 is ICEM CFD workflow diagram.
Fig. 3 is stress and strain model schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is Fluent workflow diagram.
Fig. 5 is the speed vector figure of nozzle plane.
Fig. 6 is the temperature cloud picture of nozzle plane.
Fig. 7 is the CO molar fraction variation diagram along gasification furnace axis.
Fig. 8 is H2Molar fraction is along the variation diagram of gasification furnace axis.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention can be that the simulation of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux provides a new method, and designs offer foundation for industrial process operation and Shell gasification furnace, thus the popularization for Shell gasification technology provides guarantee.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Utilize CFD software that Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux is simulated whole workflow and include three parts, i.e. CFD pre-treatment, CFD solver and CFD post processing.In CFD pretreatment stage, for the Shell gasification furnace of certain factory domestic and utilize SolidWorks software to establish identical physical arrangement model；And utilize ICEM CFD software to divide computational fields, the computational fields of piecemeal is respectively divided grid, it is considered to the factors such as mesh quality, grid density degree and number of grid, determines grid node number in hexahedron；Finally determine that grid derived grid file are for used by solver.In the CFD solver stage, according to industry park plan situation, set up suitable Shell gasification furnace model and governing equation, model parameter and rational boundary condition are set；By arranging solver parameter, governing equation and boundary condition are carried out discretization；Give and solve parameter, carry out calculating initialization, finally be iterated solving calculating to governing equation, destination file is preserved, for used by post processing after solving iteration.In CFD post-processing stages, mainly effectively observe and analyze the result of numerical simulation calculation.
Seeing Fig. 1, the present invention is as a example by the Shell gasification furnace of certain industry park plan domestic, and furnace height is 8800mm, the a diameter of 2960mm of burner hearth 1, the nozzle 2 of four symmetrical expressions is evenly arranged along gasification furnace circumference same plane, and offset angle is 4.5 °, and distance slag outlet vertical dimension is 2060mm.The dual pathways mode that nozzle 2 uses, and be made up of central passage and circular passage, wherein that central passage transport is coal dust and carrier gas CO2, circular passage transport is oxidant O2.The present invention utilizes SolidWorks software to establish Shell gasification furnace physical arrangement model.
Seeing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention has carried out stress and strain model to Shell gasification furnace, in order to ensure the geometric compliance of grid, reduces the number of grid, improves mesh quality, increases the efficiency of engineering calculation, and the present invention uses non-structural hexahedral mesh.ICEM CFD software is utilized to carry out stress and strain model main process as follows: first import Shell gasification furnace physical arrangement model and described model is processed；Set up suitable block according to described model again, and be associated；Next mesh parameter is set, and check mesh quality；Finally correct grid is derived, read for Fluent.Owing to the Shell gasification furnace in the present invention is column type model, four nozzles are dual-channel type simultaneously, for ensureing that segmentation block reduces crooked, to improve the mesh point that near wall is assembled efficiency when being positioned on curve or curved surface, the present invention have employed O-Block method to improve mesh quality simultaneously.This method also efficiently solves the flow simulating problem of inboard wall of burner hearth boundary region.
Fig. 4 is Fluent workflow diagram.Just can carry out the CFD solver stage after above-mentioned grid file is imported Fluent software, need to arrange Fluent item by item, concrete grammar is as follows:
1) grid is checked, the topological structure of reporting grid, display grid interior joint, face and the number of unit, the maximum determining unit volume in computational fields and minima.Guarantee that in ICEM CFD, unit is consistent with unit in Fluent simultaneously；Arranging basic solver, what the present invention selected is based on Pressure solution device.
2) arranging operating environment, operating pressure in the present invention is 4MPa, and considers the impact of gravity.
3) model is configured, converts owing to relating to the energy of Shell gasification furnace, need to open energy equation.In Shell gasification furnace, stream flow is substantially turbulent flow, therefore selects attainable turbulence model to the turbulent flow describing in stove.For the combustion process of more true predictive coal dust, the present invention selects non-premixed combustion model to describe the chemical reaction in stove.The present invention also by means of Discrete Phase Model and considers the coupling between pulverized coal particle and gas phase, simultaneously takes account of the radiation heat transfer between pulverized coal particle, and the present invention needs to open P-1 radiation patterns.
4) material, the boundary condition that reaction relates to is set.The volatilization process of coal dust uses two step competitive models, and process of coal combustion uses diffusion/dynamic Control model to be described.For inlet boundary condition, it is set to quality entrance according to industrial situations.Outlet for gasification furnace is set to pressure export, and considers the produced impact of backflow.According to experiment industry park plan, furnace wall being set as constant temperature wall, temperature is set to 1300K；Pulverized coal particle strikes furnace wall and can be attached on furnace wall and form dross, and therefore the pulverized coal particle boundary condition in furnace wall is capture.
5) after having carried out model above setting, in order to more preferably control solution procedure, need in solver, carry out some parameter settings.The content arranged specifically includes that selection discrete scheme, arranges deficient relaxation factor, initialization field variable and activate monitored variable.
6), after solver is arranged, just can be iterated calculating.The present invention first carries out calculating to continuous phase and solves, and when calculating to 2000 step, calculates adding discrete phase.And often calculate 60 step continuous phases, then calculate one-time continuous phase.After iterative computation through about 30,000 steps, just result of calculation is preserved, for post processing.
7) finally result of calculation before being carried out post processing, the present invention combines Fluent and CFD Post and carries out post processing.
Fig. 5 is the speed vector figure of nozzle plane, and oxygen speed at charging is maximum, and can obtain speed herein according to the data of analog result of the present invention is 115m/s.CO2Entrained fine coal enters reactor from central canal with the speed of about 10m/s, and after entering reactor, pulverized coal particle is under the traction, shearing of high speed oxygen air-flow, and speed raises, so that there is sliding between granule phase and continuous phase.Air-flow can be made to be formed centrally within a whirlpool at the opposed nozzle laid, the formation of this whirlpool not only contributes to the mixing of pulverized coal particle and gas phase, and adding the time of staying of pulverized coal particle, this phenomenon is conducive to the interaction between granule and continuous phase theoretically.
Fig. 6 is the temperature cloud picture of nozzle plane, and fine coal is by carrier gas CO2After being carried along into gasification furnace, can through pervaporation, volatilize, burn or the process such as gasification, formation high-temperature region nozzle front 100～200mm at, temperature is 3000～3600K, this zonal combustion is the strongest, and the change of other regional temperatures is relatively mild, and temperature is at about 1900K.The main cause forming this trend is that while that oxygen sprays into burner hearth with the high speed of nearly 100m/s, but it is mainly distributed on nozzle near zone, carrying out along with combustion reaction, oxygen is the most depleted, combustion zone temperature is apparently higher than other regions, high-temperature area is close to nozzle simultaneously, and this explanation coal dust can complete burning or gasification after entering gasification furnace in a short period of time.At burner hearth center, can form the low-temperature region of a local, this reason is primarily due to the relatively low of burner hearth center oxygen content, and inflammable substance is not burnt.The gasification furnace outlet mean temperature that the present invention calculates is 1761K, is more or less the same with industrial 1500 DEG C.
Fig. 7 and 8 is respectively as CO, H2Molar fraction along the variation diagram of gasification furnace axis.Wherein gasification furnace axis height be the height of 0m be the height of nozzle.CO molar fraction is less than 1% along whole gasification furnace height change, H2Molar fraction along gasification furnace height change more than 1%.At the height of 0m, H2Molar fraction is minimum, and along the increase of height, in-furnace temperature reduces, and this is H2Molar fraction gradually rises.This shows that the reduction of temperature is conducive to H in certain temperature range in the present invention2Generate, this is because lower temperature promotes water gas change (CO+H in certain temperature range2O=CO2+H2).Coal dust at gasification furnace through a series of changes, final outlet synthesis gas (CO+H2) concentration be 82.46%, this concentration is consistent with industrial thick wet basis synthetic gas density.
It is contemplated that obtain some fundamental physical quantities in Shell gasification furnace stove by the analogy method of CFD, and the distribution of flow field, temperature field and component is shown clear.The guidance providing good is designed for industry park plan and Shell gasification furnace.The present invention proposes the CFD analogy method being applicable to Shell gasification furnace, improve for arm and a leg experiment test and industry and provide feasible thinking, advancing design and the operation of Shell gasification furnace, the development for Shell gasification furnace provides modeling method the most reliably.For this, the technical method that the present invention uses is the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD, and this analogy method is made up of three parts: carries out numerical solution territory and determines the pretreatment part with stress and strain model, carries out model setting and solver part that calculating solves, the post processing part that carries out interpretation of result.Present invention is mainly used for manufacturing and designing of Shell gasification furnace equipment to improve with Shell gasification furnace industry park plan.
Claims (6)
1. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) pre-treatment, described pre-treatment includes the foundation of Shell gasification furnace physical model, the determination in analog approach territory and computational fields
The division of grid；
2) utilize solver to solve governing equation, described utilize solver to solve governing equation to include that model is arranged and calculating solves；
3) post processing that analog result is shown.
2. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step 1) in, the division of described computational fields grid uses ICEM CFD software to draw, and specifically comprises the following steps that
(1), according to the furnace binding of Shell gasification furnace and size, and nozzle arrangements is combined, the technique simultaneously taking account of existence
Condition has been determined the geometric model of Shell gasification furnace, utilizes geometric model described in SolidWorks Software on Drawing；
(2), above-mentioned geometric model is imported ICEM CFD software, and determine simulation computational fields, the determination in described analog approach territory
For；
(3), described computational fields is carried out piecemeal process, be divided into some subregions；
(4), use non-structural hexahedral mesh to divide on described subregion, consider mesh quality, grid density simultaneously
Degree and number of grid, determine the interstitial content in hexahedral mesh, and grid drawing is integrally formed complete computational fields after completing again；
(5), initial setting boundary condition, and derived grid file, prepare output and solve.
3. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step 2) in, described calculating solves employing solver.
4. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step 2) in, described solver is Fluent software.
5. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step 2) in, what described calculating solved concretely comprises the following steps:
(1), by step 1) in the grid file that editted import in Fluent software, grid is checked further,
Guarantee that grid is consistent with the Unit Scale in simulation computational fields, and select Fluent solver and its running environment；
(2), select computation model and computation model parameter is set, including activation energy equation, turbulence model and non-premixed
Combustion model；
(3), the coal dust character used by simulation is set according to industry coal dust character；
(4), according to the Shell gasification furnace situation of industry park plan boundary condition is set, select discrete scheme and arranging owe lax because of
Son also activates monitor；
(5), initialize flow field and complete iterative calculating, obtaining the fundamental physical quantity in Shell gasification furnace stove.
6. the analogy method of Shell gasification furnace Flow and heat flux based on CFD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step 3) in, described post processing method particularly includes: the data that CFD simulation obtains are exported and be shown as figure or curve,
Utilize ANSYS CFD-Post software to carry out post processing, can effectively be observed the result calculated with analysis mode by post processing,
The Flow and heat flux distribution being visually known in Shell gasification furnace stove.
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