WO2022007830A1 - 一种传动机构及自行车 - Google Patents

一种传动机构及自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022007830A1
WO2022007830A1 PCT/CN2021/104928 CN2021104928W WO2022007830A1 WO 2022007830 A1 WO2022007830 A1 WO 2022007830A1 CN 2021104928 W CN2021104928 W CN 2021104928W WO 2022007830 A1 WO2022007830 A1 WO 2022007830A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
assembly
transmission mechanism
ratchet
power input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/104928
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗立元
Original Assignee
深圳市南博自动化设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202021352975.8U external-priority patent/CN213008600U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021352969.2U external-priority patent/CN213008598U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021352974.3U external-priority patent/CN213008599U/zh
Application filed by 深圳市南博自动化设备有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市南博自动化设备有限公司
Publication of WO2022007830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022007830A1/zh
Priority to US18/150,802 priority Critical patent/US20230147034A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/30—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of intermediate gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/28—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of flexible drive members, e.g. chains
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission mechanisms, in particular to a transmission mechanism and a bicycle using the transmission mechanism.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transmission mechanism and a bicycle aiming at solving the problems of low transmission efficiency and slow speed of the existing transmission mechanism.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: including a main shaft, a power input member, and a gear assembly, and the gear assembly is arranged on the main shaft; a one-way transmission assembly is sleeved on the main shaft, and the one-way transmission assembly is The power input member is connected with the gear assembly, and the one-way transmission assembly enables the gear assembly to drive in one direction under the driving of the power input member; wherein, the gear assembly is connected with the power output member in a transmission, changing the rotational speed of the power input member transmitted to the power output member ; The power input member reciprocates with the main shaft as the axis to drive the power output member to move.
  • the one-way transmission assembly is a one-way bearing or a ratchet assembly.
  • the gear assembly is a sector-shaped gear assembly
  • the sector-shaped gear assembly includes: a sector-shaped gear, which is arranged on the main shaft and rotates with the main shaft as the axis; The gear rotates with the auxiliary shaft as the shaft center; the second gear is arranged on the auxiliary shaft, and the second gear rotates with the auxiliary shaft as the shaft center; the third gear is connected with the second gear in transmission.
  • the gear assembly is a planetary gear assembly
  • the main shaft further includes a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is connected with the one-way transmission member
  • the planetary gear assembly includes: a first planet carrier, the first planet carrier is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve; the first planet The wheel set is arranged on the first planetary carrier; the ring gear is engaged with the first planetary gear set; the first sun gear is penetrated on the main shaft and is connected with the first planetary gear set and is connected with the power output member.
  • the gear assembly is a spur gear assembly
  • the main shaft further includes a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is connected with the one-way transmission member
  • the spur gear assembly includes: a first gear and a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are passed through the On the main shaft, the second gear is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve; the third gear is penetrated and fixed on the secondary shaft, and the third gear meshes with the second gear; the fourth gear is penetrated and fixed on the secondary shaft; The fourth gear is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the third gear; the fifth gear is penetrated on the main shaft and is fixedly connected with the first gear, and the fifth gear is meshed with the fourth gear.
  • it includes a second sun gear, a second planet carrier and a second planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set shares a ring gear with the first planetary gear set, and the second planetary gear set is arranged in the ring gear and meshes with the ring gear, The second sun gear meshes with the first planetary gear set and is fixedly connected with the second planet carrier.
  • the one-way bearing is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the inner ring is connected with the first planet carrier, and the outer ring is connected with the power input member.
  • the ratchet assembly includes a ratchet wheel, a ratchet disc, and a ratchet, the ratchet is arranged on the ratchet disc, and the ratchet is engaged with the ratchet, wherein the ratchet disc is fixedly connected with the power input member, and the ratchet is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier. .
  • the ratchet assembly further includes an abutment member, the abutment member is fixed on the ring gear, and the pawl is pressed down by the abutment member to disengage from the engagement with the ratchet teeth when it rotates to the abutment member, so that the ratchet wheel can rotate freely.
  • the gear assembly is driven to rotate under the driving of the other power input member.
  • the present invention also provides a bicycle, comprising a frame, a driving wheel, and the aforementioned transmission mechanism, the driving wheel is mounted on the frame, the power input member is a pedal assembly, and the transmission mechanism is drivingly connected to the driving wheel .
  • the reset mechanism is connected with the pedal assembly, and drives the pedal assembly to rotate and then reset.
  • the reset mechanism is an elastic piece, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the frame, and the second end is connected with the pedal assembly.
  • the present invention further provides a bicycle, comprising a frame, a driving wheel and the aforementioned transmission mechanism, the driving wheel is mounted on the frame, the power input member is a pedal assembly, and the transmission mechanism is arranged on the driving wheel, And the main shaft of the transmission mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected with the axle of the driving wheel.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, through the one-way transmission assembly, the transmission mechanism can perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion, which can reduce the kinetic energy consumed by ordinary circular motion transmission from the lowest point to the highest point, and improve the transmission efficiency.
  • the planetary gear assembly and the spur gear assembly as the transmission assembly can further improve the transmission efficiency, and because its transmission ratio is larger than that of the ordinary gear, the speed from the power input member to the power output member is transmitted. It is greatly increased, which can effectively improve the transmission efficiency and speed of the bicycle or other equipment using the transmission mechanism.
  • the volume of the transmission mechanism can be reduced, which is helpful to make the transmission mechanism structure. more compact.
  • the transmission mechanism of the present invention is provided on the bicycle, and a reset mechanism is further provided, so the driving mode of the transmission mechanism is to rotate from top to bottom, and then reset by the reset mechanism, so there will be no legs like the traditional bicycle riding.
  • the pedaling arm is zero or close to zero, which leads to the problem of large power loss.
  • the pedal assembly takes the transmission mechanism as the center of the circle and reciprocates along the outer peripheral surface of the driving wheel, so that the user can ride the bicycle in a standing position, avoiding the impact of comfort due to the seat cushion pressing the buttocks.
  • the user can immediately leave the bicycle, which is safer, and is more convenient and faster than ordinary bicycles when getting off the bicycle normally.
  • Fig. 1 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism with sector gear assembly of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism with spur gear assembly of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a transmission mechanism with a planetary gear assembly of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded structure diagram of an embodiment of a transmission mechanism with a planetary gear assembly of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the ring gear and the mounting seat of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the front view structure schematic diagram of one-way bearing
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a ratchet assembly
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second state of the ratchet assembly
  • Fig. 10 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the transmission mechanism with planetary gear assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the pedal assembly
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention applied to a bicycle;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the pedal assembly.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention applied to a bicycle;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a reset mechanism in a bicycle
  • Figure 16 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of I in Figure 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the bicycle reset mechanism.
  • the invention provides a transmission mechanism, comprising a main shaft; a power input part; a gear assembly, which is arranged on the main shaft; a one-way transmission assembly sleeved on the main shaft; To the transmission assembly, the gear assembly is driven in one direction by the power input member; wherein, the gear assembly is connected with the power output member in a transmission manner to change the rotational speed transmitted from the power input member to the power output member; the power input member takes the main shaft as the axis The reciprocating motion drives the power output member to move.
  • the one-way drive assembly can be a one-way bearing or a ratchet assembly.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention includes: a main shaft 1, a power input member 2, a sector gear assembly 31 and a one-way transmission assembly 4.
  • the gear assembly adopts a sector gear assembly 31, and the sector gear assembly 31 It includes a sector gear 311 , a countershaft 312 , a first gear 313 , a second gear 314 and a third gear 315 .
  • the sector gear 311 is arranged on the main shaft 1 , and the sector gear 311 rotates with the main shaft 1 as the axis;
  • the first gear 313 is arranged on the secondary shaft 312 , the first gear 313 meshes with the sector gear 311 , and the first gear 313 rotates around the secondary shaft 312 .
  • the third gear 315 is connected with the hub 316 , and the third gear 315 is in driving connection with the second gear 314 .
  • the gear assembly adopts a spur gear assembly 32
  • the main shaft 1 further includes a shaft sleeve 321
  • the shaft sleeve 321 is connected with the one-way transmission assembly 4
  • the spur gear assembly 32 includes: a first Gear 322 , second gear 323 , third gear 324 , fourth gear 325 and fifth gear 326 .
  • the first gear 322 and the second gear 323 pass through the main shaft 1 , and the second gear 323 is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve 321 ; the third gear 324 passes through and is fixed on the secondary shaft 327 , and the third gear 324 and the second gear 323 meshes; the fourth gear 325 is passed through and fixed on the secondary shaft 327; wherein, the fourth gear 325 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the third gear 324; the fifth gear 326 is passed through the main shaft 1 and is connected with the first gear 322 In a fixed connection, the fifth gear 326 meshes with the fourth gear 325 .
  • the third embodiment of the present invention includes: a main shaft 1, a power input member 2, a planetary gear assembly 33 and a one-way transmission assembly 4.
  • the planetary gear assembly 33 is provided on the main shaft 1; the one-way transmission assembly 4 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, the one-way transmission assembly 4 is connected with the power input member 2 and is connected with the planetary gear assembly 33, and the one-way transmission assembly 4 makes the planetary gear assembly 33 one-way transmission driven by the power input member 2;
  • the planetary gear assembly 33 is used for driving connection with the power output member 5, and is used to change the rotational speed transmitted from the power input member 2 to the power output member 5; the power input member can reciprocate with the main shaft as the axis to drive the power output member sports.
  • the transmission mechanism can perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion, which can reduce the kinetic energy consumed by the ordinary circular motion transmission from the lowest point to the highest point, and improve the transmission efficiency.
  • the planetary gear assembly is used. 33, as a transmission component, can further improve the transmission efficiency, and because its transmission ratio is larger than that of ordinary gears, the speed of transmission from the power input member 2 to the power output member 5 is greatly increased, so it can effectively improve the application of the transmission mechanism.
  • the planetary gear assembly 33 when the gear assembly adopts the planetary gear assembly 33, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the planetary gear assembly 33 includes: a first planet carrier 331, a first planetary gear set 332, a ring gear 333 and a first planetary gear set 332.
  • the sun gear 334, the first planet carrier 331 is drivingly connected with the one-way transmission assembly 4; the first planet carrier 331 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the shaft sleeve 335; the first planet gear set 332 is arranged on the first planet carrier 331; the ring gear 333 is connected with a mounting seat 336, the mounting seat 336 is used to fix the ring gear 333, and the ring gear 333 meshes with the first planetary gear set 332; , and is used for driving connection with the power output member 5 . Further, in order to increase the speed of the bicycle and meet the riding requirements, the purpose can be achieved by adding a second group of planetary gears. Continue to refer to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 which is a schematic diagram showing a structure with two groups of planetary gears, which includes a second sun gear 3311 , the second planet carrier 3312, the second planetary gear set 3313, the second planetary gear set 3313 and the first planetary gear set 332 share a ring gear 333.
  • the second planetary gear set 3313 is arranged in the ring gear 333 to mesh with the ring gear 333
  • the second sun gear 3311 meshes with the first planetary gear set 332 and is fixedly connected to the second planet carrier 3312, so as to realize the The rotational speed transmitted by the planet carrier 331 to the first sun gear 334 is increased, and finally the rotational speed transmitted to the power output member 5 is increased.
  • the one-way transmission assembly 4 is a one-way bearing 41 , and the one-way bearing 41 is divided into an inner ring and an outer ring.
  • the inner ring is fixedly connected with the one-way transmission assembly 4 and the first planet carrier 331 , and the outer ring is connected with the power input member 2 .
  • the one-way bearing 41 is a standard part, which is easy to purchase and assemble.
  • the one-way transmission assembly 4 is a ratchet assembly 42.
  • the ratchet assembly 42 includes a ratchet wheel 421, a ratchet plate 422, and a ratchet 423.
  • the ratchet 423 is provided on the ratchet plate 422.
  • the ratchet 421 is engaged.
  • the ratchet plate 422 is fixedly connected with the power input member 2
  • the ratchet wheel 421 is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier 331 .
  • the ratchet assembly 42 is a standard part, which is easy to purchase and assemble.
  • the ratchet assembly 42 and the abutting member 424 are shown.
  • the abutting member 424 is fixed on the ring gear 333 .
  • the pawl 423 rotates to the abutting member 424
  • the pawl 423 is pressed down by the abutting member 424 to disengage from the engagement with the ratchet teeth, so that the ratchet wheel 421 can rotate freely.
  • the transmission mechanism In the existing bicycle with the transmission mechanism performing the fan-shaped rotary motion, when the wheel connected to the transmission mechanism retreats, the transmission mechanism will be driven to rotate backward.
  • this transmission mechanism cannot return Therefore, this kind of bicycle cannot be reversed.
  • the abutting member 424 is provided, so that the transmission mechanism of the present invention can be reversed.
  • the reverse process of the transmission mechanism of the present invention is as follows: the power input member 2 rotates , drive the pawl 423 on the plate 422 of the pawl 423 to rotate, when the pawl 423 rotates to the contact piece 424, it is pressed down by the abutment piece 424 to disengage from the engagement with the ratchet teeth, so that the ratchet wheel 421 can rotate freely, and then the power The output member 5 can be rotated freely; when it is necessary to re-engage, the power input member 2 is rotated to drive the pawl 423 on the plate 422 of the pawl 423 to rotate, so that the pawl 423 is released from the abutment of the abutting member 424, and the pawl 423 Return engagement with the ratchet.
  • the transmission mechanism when the gear assembly adopts the spur gear assembly, the transmission mechanism further includes another one-way transmission assembly 4 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 321, and the other one-way transmission assembly 4 is connected with the other power input member 2, Driven by the other power input member 2, the gear assembly is driven to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes another one-way transmission assembly 4 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 335, the other one-way transmission assembly 4 is connected with the other power input member 2, and the other one-way transmission assembly 4 is connected to the other power input member 2. 2 is driven to drive the gear assembly to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a first one-way transmission assembly 43, a second one-way transmission assembly 44, a first power input member 21 and a second power input member 22.
  • the sleeve 335 is sleeved on the main shaft 1 and is connected with the first one-way transmission assembly 43, which is in turn connected with the first power input member 21;
  • the second one-way transmission assembly 44 is sleeved on the shaft sleeve 335.
  • the second one-way transmission assembly 44 is connected with the second power input member 22 , and is used to drive the planetary gear assembly 33 for one-way transmission under the driving of the second power input member 22 .
  • FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 it is an embodiment when the transmission mechanism of the present invention is applied to a bicycle.
  • a bicycle includes a frame, a driving wheel, and the above-mentioned transmission mechanism.
  • the power input member 2 of the transmission mechanism is a pedal assembly 6.
  • the pedal assembly 6 For 2 the main shaft 1 of the transmission mechanism is directly and fixedly connected to the driving wheel 7; thereby, the driving wheel 7 can be driven to rotate through the repeated cyclic movement of the two pedal assemblies 6, and the driving wheel 7 can be a rear wheel or a
  • the front wheel, the rear wheel in FIG. 12 is taken as an example but not limited thereto.
  • a general bicycle also includes other components such as a driven wheel relative to the driving wheel, handlebars, brakes, etc.
  • other components are generally known technologies, they are not To repeat.
  • FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are the second embodiment of the transmission mechanism of the present invention when applied to a bicycle.
  • the power input member 2 of the transmission mechanism is also a pedal assembly 6, and the pedal assembly The number of 6 is 2, and the power output member 5 of the transmission mechanism is connected with the driving wheel 7 in a transmission connection, and the transmission connection can be through a transmission connection such as a chain, a belt or a screw, whereby the two pedal assemblies 6 reciprocate.
  • the power output member 5 is driven to rotate, and then the drive wheel 7 is driven to rotate through the power output member 5 .
  • the driving wheel 7 can be a front wheel or a rear wheel. In FIG. 14 , the rear wheel is the driving wheel 7 but not limited to this. drive wheel 7.
  • the pedal assembly 6 may further include a foot cover 61 , and the foot cover 61 is arranged on the pedal assembly 6 , and the pedal assembly can be made by the rider's feet. 6 Complete the reset.
  • a reset mechanism 8 is further included.
  • the reset mechanism 8 is connected with the pedal assembly 6 to drive the pedal assembly to rotate and then reset.
  • the reset mechanism 8 is an elastic member 81.
  • the elastic member One end of 81 is connected to the frame, and the second end is connected to the pedal assembly 6 .
  • the cyclic driving and resetting of the footrest assembly 6 can also be simply realized by the stretching and resetting of the elastic member 81 .
  • the elastic member 81 is provided with an adjustment portion 811, and the adjustment portion 811 is connected with the elastic member 81. By adjusting the position of the adjustment portion 811, the elastic force of the elastic member 81 can be changed.
  • the adjusting portion 811 needs to be provided to adjust the elastic force of the elastic member 81 , so that the elastic force of the elastic member 81 can complete the reset of the pedal assembly 6 .
  • the reset mechanism 8 may include: a first bevel gear 821, a second bevel gear 822, a rotating shaft 823, a third bevel gear 824, and the first bevel gear 821 is sleeved set and fixed on a pedal assembly 6; the second bevel gear 822 is sleeved and fixed on the other pedal assembly 6; the rotating shaft 823 is set on the frame; the third bevel gear 824 is passed through the rotating shaft 823, At the same time, it meshes with the first bevel gear 821 and the second bevel gear 822; wherein, the third bevel gear 824 makes the rotation directions of the two pedal assemblies 6 opposite.
  • the reset mechanism 8 is a gear linkage reset mechanism.
  • the initial positions of the two pedal assemblies 6 are set in opposite directions, one of the pedal assemblies 6 is located at the starting end of the rotation stroke, the other The pedal assemblies 6 are located at the end of the rotation stroke. Therefore, when riding, one pedal assembly 6 rotates in the forward direction, and the other pedal assembly 6 rotates in the reverse direction, so that the two pedal assemblies 6 can be rotated cyclically.
  • the transmission mechanism of the present invention can also be applied to water bicycles, pedal boats, electric bicycles, scooters and exercise bicycles.
  • the application methods applied to bicycles in FIGS. 11-14 which are not listed here. enumerate. Any of the above pedal power tools using the transmission mechanism in this embodiment falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种传动机构，其包括：主轴（1）、动力输入件（2）、齿轮组件（31）和单向传动组件（4），齿轮组件（31）设于主轴（1）上；单向传动组件（4）套设在主轴（1）上，单向传动组件（4）与动力输入件（2）连接且与齿轮组件（31）连接，单向传动组件（4）使齿轮组件（31）在动力输入件（2）的带动下单向传动；其中，齿轮组件（31）与动力输出件（2）传动连接，改变动力输入件（2）传递至动力输出件的转速；动力输入件（2）以所述主轴（1）为轴心做往复运动带动所述动力输出件运动。通过设置的单向传动组件，使该传动机构可做弧状往复运动，提升了传动效率，进一步的，使用扇形齿轮组件、行星齿轮组件及直齿轮组件作为传动组件，可进一步提升传动效率和传动速度，该传动机构可应用于自行车上。

Description

一种传动机构及自行车 技术领域
本发明涉及机械传动机构领域，特别是一种传动机构和应用该传动机构的自行车。
背景技术
现有的自行车或一些交通工具一般是以做圆周运动的传动机构作为动力源，但是这种传动机构因为普通齿轮组件传动的原因存在传动效率较低，速度较慢的缺点，为了使自行车或交通工具的速度增加，一般会增加变速组件，而增加变速组件又会使传动机构的体积变大，非常影响自行车的结构设计，且这种做圆周运动传动的传动机构，在其脚踏组件由最低点转动至最高点会消耗一部分动能，影响传动效率，因此需要设计一种传动机构，使自行车或交通工具的传动效率和速度变得更高，且其结构较为紧凑。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种传动机构和自行车，旨在解决现有的传动机构传动效率低和速度慢的问题。
第一方面，本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：包括主轴、动力输入件、齿轮组件，齿轮组件设于主轴上；单向传动组件，套设在主轴上，单向传动组件与动力输入件连接且与齿轮组件连接，单向传动组件使齿轮组件在动力输入件的带动下单向传动；其中，齿轮组件与动力输出件传动连接，改变动力输入件传递至动力输出件的转速；动力输入件以主轴为轴心做往复运动带动动力输出件运动。
进一步的，单向传动组件为单向轴承或棘轮组件。
进一步的，齿轮组件为扇形齿轮组件，扇形齿轮组件包括：扇形齿轮，设置于主轴上，以主轴为轴心转动；第一齿轮，其设于副轴，第一齿轮与扇形齿轮啮合，第一齿轮以副轴为轴心转动；第二齿轮，其设于副轴，第二齿轮以副轴为轴心转动；第三齿轮，与第二齿轮传动连接。
进一步的，齿轮组件为行星齿轮组件，主轴上进一步包含有轴套，轴套与单向传动件连接，行星齿轮组件包括：第一行星架，第一行星架与轴套固定连接；第一行星轮组，其设置在第一行星架上；齿圈，与第一行星轮组啮合；第一太阳轮，穿设在主轴上与第一行星轮组传动连接，且与动力输出件传动连接。
进一步的，齿轮组件为直齿轮组件，主轴上进一步包含有轴套，轴套与单向传动件连接，直齿轮组件包括：第一齿轮及第二齿轮，第一齿轮及第二齿轮穿设于主轴上，第二齿轮与轴套固定连接；第三齿轮，穿设且固定在副轴上，第三齿轮与第二齿轮啮合；第四齿轮，穿设且固定在副轴上；其中，第四齿轮与第三齿轮固定连接或一体成型；第五齿轮，穿设在主轴上且与第一齿轮固定连接，第五齿轮与第四齿轮啮合。
进一步的，包括第二太阳轮、第二行星架及第二行星轮组，第二行星轮组与第一行星轮组共用齿圈，第二行星轮组设置在齿圈内与齿圈啮合，第二太阳轮与第一行星轮组啮合且与第二行星架固定连接。
进一步的，单向轴承分为内圈和外圈，其中，内圈与第一行星架连接，外圈与动力输入件连接。
进一步的，棘轮组件包括棘轮、棘爪盘、棘爪，棘爪设置在棘爪盘上，棘爪与棘轮啮合，其中，棘爪盘与动力输入件固定连接，棘轮与第一行星架固定连接。
进一步的，棘轮组件还包括抵接件，抵接件固定在齿圈上，棘爪在旋转至 抵接件处时被抵接件下压脱离与棘齿的啮合，以使棘轮可自由旋转。
进一步的，包含另一单向传动组件套设于轴套上，另一单向传动组件与另一动力输入件连接，在另一动力输入件的带动下驱动齿轮组件转动。
第二方面，本发明还提供了一种自行车，包括车架、驱动轮，及如前述的传动机构，驱动轮安装于车架上，动力输入件为脚踏组件，传动机构与驱动轮传动连接。
进一步的，进一步含包括复位机构，复位机构与脚踏组件连接，带动脚踏组件转动后复位。
进一步的，复位机构为弹性件，弹性件一端与车架连接，第二端与脚踏组件连接。
第三方面，本发明再提供了一种自行车，包括车架、驱动轮及如前述的传动机构，驱动轮安装于车架上，动力输入件为脚踏组件，传动机构设置于驱动轮上，且传动机构的主轴与驱动轮的轮轴同轴固定连接。
本发明的有益效果在于，通过设置的单向传动组件，使该传动机构可做弧形往复运动，可减少普通圆周运动传动由最低点转动至最高点的所消耗的动能，提升了传动效率，进一步的，使用扇形齿轮组件、行星齿轮组件及直齿轮组件作为传动组件，可进一步的提升传动效率，且由于其传动比相较于普通齿轮大，因此从动力输入件传动至动力输出件的速度大大增加，可有效提升应用本传动机构的自行车或其它设备的传动效率和速度，更进一步的，由于行星齿轮的结构特点，可以使该传动机构的体积变小，有助于使该传动机构结构更加紧凑。
其次，在自行车上设置本发明的传动机构，进一步设有复位机构，所以该传动机构的驱动方式为从上往下转动，再通过复位机构进行复位，因此不会存 在像传统自行车骑行时脚踏力臂为零或接近于零，导致动力损失较大的问题，又通过传动机构的受力方式，以及配合承载座和握把的支撑作用，可让骑行者在骑行的时候从承载座和握把中获得顶靠力，使得骑行的动力得到增加，有效的解决了现有的自行车效率低且动力不足的问题。
再者，脚踏组件以传动机构为圆心，沿驱动轮的外周面作往复运动，使得用户可以以站姿骑行该自行车，避免因坐垫挤压臀部而影响舒适性，突发危险时，由于采用站姿骑行，用户可以立即脱离该自行车，安全性较好，并且正常下车时相较普通自行车更为方便、快捷。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，附图中：
图1是本发明带扇形齿轮组件的传动机构的爆炸结构示意图；
图2是本发明带直齿轮组件的传动机构的整体结构示意图；
图3是本发明带行星齿轮组件的传动机构的一种实施方式的整体结构示意图；
图4是本发明带行星齿轮组件的传动机构的一种实施方式的爆炸结构示意图；
图5是本发明齿圈和安装座的结构示意图；
图6是单向轴承的正视结构示意图；
图7是单向轴承的第二视图的结构示意图；
图8是棘轮组件的结构示意图；
图9是棘轮组件第二状态的结构示意图；
图10是本发明带行星齿轮组件的传动机构的另一种实施方式的爆炸结构 示意图；
图11是脚踏组件一种实施方式的的结构示意图；
图12是本发明传动机构应用于自行车的一种实施方式整体结构示意图；
图13是脚踏组件的另一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图14是本发明传动机构应用于自行车的另一种实施方式整体结构示意图；
图15是自行车中复位机构一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图16是图15中Ⅰ的放大结构示意图；
图17是自行车复位机构另一种实施方式的结构示意图。
图中：1、主轴；2、动力输入件；21、第一动力输入件；22、第二动力输入件；31、扇形齿轮组件；311、扇形齿轮；312、副轴；313、第一齿轮；314、第二齿轮；315、第三齿轮；316、花鼓；32、直齿轮组件；321、轴套；322、第一齿轮；323、第二齿轮；324、第三齿轮；325、第四齿轮；326、第五齿轮；327、副轴；33、行星齿轮组件；331、第一行星架；332、第一行星轮组；333、齿圈；334、第一太阳轮；335、轴套；336、安装座；3311、第二太阳轮；3312、第二行星架；3313、第二行星轮组；4、单向传动组件；41、单向轴承；42、棘轮组件；421、棘轮；422、棘爪盘；423、棘爪；424、抵接件；43、第一单向传动组件；44、第二单向传动组件；5、动力输出组件；6、脚踏组件；61、脚踏；7、驱动轮；8、复位结构；81、弹性件；811、调节部；821、第一锥形齿轮；822、第二锥形齿轮；823、转轴；824、第三锥形齿轮。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保 护范围。现结合附图，对本发明的较佳实施例作详细说明。
本发明提供一种传动机构，包括主轴；动力输入件；齿轮组件，设于主轴上；单向传动组件，套设在主轴上，单向传动组件与动力输入件连接且与齿轮组件连接，单向传动组件使齿轮组件在动力输入件的带动下单向传动；其中，齿轮组件与动力输出件传动连接，改变动力输入件传递至动力输出件的转速；动力输入件以所述主轴为轴心做往复运动带动所述动力输出件运动。单向传动组件可以是单向轴承或棘轮组件。
本发明的第一实施例，如图1所示，其包括：主轴1、动力输入件2、扇形齿轮组件31和单向传动组件4，这里，齿轮组件采用扇形齿轮组件31，扇形齿轮组件31包括：扇形齿轮311、副轴312、第一齿轮313、第二齿轮314及第三齿轮315。扇形齿轮311设置于主轴1上，扇形齿轮311以主轴1为轴心转动；副轴312与扇形齿轮311传动连接。第一齿轮313设于副轴312，第一齿轮313与扇形齿轮311啮合，第一齿轮313以副轴312为轴心转动。第三齿轮315与花鼓316连接，第三齿轮315与第二齿轮314传动连接。
本发明的第二实施例，如图2所示，齿轮组件采用直齿轮组件32，主轴1上进一步包含轴套321，轴套321与单向传动组件4连接，直齿轮组件32包括：第一齿轮322、第二齿轮323、第三齿轮324、第四齿轮325和第五齿轮326。第一齿轮322及第二齿轮323穿设于主轴1上，且第二齿轮323与轴套321固定连接；第三齿轮324穿设且固定在副轴327上，第三齿轮324与第二齿轮323啮合；第四齿轮325穿设且固定在副轴327上；其中，第四齿轮325与第三齿轮324固定连接或一体成型；第五齿轮326穿设在主轴1上且与第一齿轮322固定连接，第五齿轮326与第四齿轮325啮合。
本发明的第三实施例，如图3所示，其包括：主轴1、动力输入件2、行 星齿轮组件33和单向传动组件4，行星齿轮组件33设于主轴1上；单向传动组件4套设在主轴1上，单向传动组件4与动力输入件2连接且与行星齿轮组件33传动连接，单向传动组件4使行星齿轮组件33在动力输入件2的带动下单向传动；其中，行星齿轮组件33用于与动力输出件5传动连接，且用于改变动力输入件2传递至动力输出件5的转速；动力输入件能够以主轴为轴心做往复运动以带动动力输出件运动。
通过设置的单向传动组件4，使该传动机构可做弧状往复运动，可减少普通圆周运动传动由最低点转动至最高点的所消耗的动能，提升了传动效率，进一步的，使用行星齿轮组件33作为传动组件，可进一步的提升传动效率，且由于其传动比相较于普通齿轮大，因此从动力输入件2传动至动力输出件5的速度大大增加，因此可有效提升应用本传动机构的自行车或其它设备的传动效率和速度，而且由于行星齿轮的结构特点，可以使该传动机构的体积变小，有助于使该传动机构结构更加紧凑。
以上各实施例中，当齿轮组件采用行星齿轮组件33时，如图4和图5所示，行星齿轮组件33包括：第一行星架331、第一行星轮组332、齿圈333和第一太阳轮334，第一行星架331与单向传动组件4传动连接；第一行星架331与轴套335固定连接或一体成型；第一行星轮组332设置在第一行星架331上；齿圈333与一安装座336连接，安装座336用于固定齿圈333，齿圈333与第一行星轮组332啮合；第一太阳轮334穿设在主轴1上与第一行星轮组332传动连接，且用于与动力输出件5传动连接。进一步的，为使自行车的车速增加，满足骑行要求，可通过增设第二组行星齿轮达到目的，继续参见图4，为展示设有两组行星齿轮的结构示意图，其包括第二太阳轮3311，第二行星架3312，第二行星轮组3313，第二行星轮组3313与第一行星轮组332共用一 个齿圈333。此时，第二行星轮组3313设置在齿圈333内与齿圈333啮合，第二太阳轮3311与第一行星轮组332啮合且与第二行星架3312固定连接，以此实现从第一行星架331传递至第一太阳轮334的转速得到增加，最终传递到动力输出件5的转速提升。
如图6和图7所示，单向传动组件4为单向轴承41，单向轴承41分为内圈和外圈。其中，内圈与单向传动组件4和第一行星架331固定连接，外圈与动力输入件2连接。单向轴承41为标准件，易于采购组装。
如图8和图9所示，单向传动组件4为棘轮组件42，棘轮组件42包括棘轮421、棘爪盘422、棘爪423，棘爪423设置在棘爪盘422上，棘爪423与棘轮421啮合。其中，棘爪盘422与动力输入件2固定连接，棘轮421与第一行星架331固定连接。棘轮组件42为标准件，易于采购组装。
参见图9，棘轮组件42及抵接件424。抵接件424固定在齿圈333上，棘爪423在旋转至抵接件424处时被抵接件424下压脱离与棘齿的啮合，以使棘轮421可自由旋转。在现有的传动机构做扇形回转运动的自行车中，与该传动机构相连的车轮回退时会带动该传动机构做回退旋转，但由于其结构的设计的不同，这种传动机构是不能回退旋转的，因此该种自行车无法倒车，而在本实施方式中设有该抵接件424，可使本发明的传动机构可以倒车，本发明的传动机构的倒车过程如下：动力输入件2转动，带动棘爪423盘422上的棘爪423转动，棘爪423旋转至抵接件424处时被抵接件424下压脱离与棘齿的啮合，由此，棘轮421可自由转动，进而动力输出件5即可自由转动；当需要重新进行啮合时，转动动力输入件2，带动棘爪423盘422上的棘爪423转动，使棘爪423脱离抵接件424的抵接，棘爪423恢复与棘齿的啮合。
以上各实施例中，当齿轮组件采用直齿轮组件时，传动机构还包含另一单 向传动组件4套设于轴套321上，另一单向传动组件4与另一动力输入件2连接，在另一动力输入件2的带动下驱动齿轮组件转动。当齿轮组件采用行星齿轮组件时，传动机构还包含另一单向传动组件4套设于轴套335上，另一单向传动组件4与另一动力输入件2连接，在另一动力输入件2的带动下驱动齿轮组件转动，具体的，参见图10，传动机构包含第一单向传动组件43、第二单向传动组件44、第一动力输入件21与第二动力输入件22，轴套335套设在主轴1上，与第一单向传动组件43连接，第一单向传动组件43又与第一动力输入件21连接；第二单向传动组件44套设在轴套335上，第二单向传动组件44与第二动力输入件22连接，且用于在第二动力输入件22的带动下驱使行星齿轮组件33单向传动。通过设置两个单向传动组件43、44对应设置两个动力输入件21、22，以使该传动机构更方便的交替传动，提升骑行感受，提高骑行效率。
参见图11和图12，为本发明的传动机构应用于自行车上时的一种实施方式。一种自行车，其包括车架、和驱动轮，及如上所述的传动机构，在本实施例中，传动机构的动力输入件2为脚踏组件6，在本实施例中的脚踏组件6为2个，传动机构的主轴1直接与或驱动轮7同轴固定连接；藉此，通过两个脚踏组件6反复循环运动可驱动驱动轮7转动，驱动轮7可以是后轮也可以是前轮，在图12中以后轮为例但并不以此为限。在此需要特别说明，一般自行车除前述车架、驱动轮及传动机构外，还包含相对于驱动轮的从动轮及车把、刹车等其他组成，但由于其他组成为一般已知技术，因此不再加以赘述。
请参见图13和图14所示，为本发明的传动机构应用于自行车上时的第二实施例，在本实施例中，传动机构的动力输入件2同为脚踏组件6，脚踏组件6的数量为2个，传动机构的动力输出件5与驱动轮7传动连接，传动连接的 方式可以是通过链条、皮带或螺杆等传动连接方式，藉此，两个脚踏组件6循环往复运动以驱动动力输出件5转动，再通过动力输出件5带动驱动轮7转动。同样的，驱动轮7可以是前轮或是后轮，在图14中以后轮为驱动轮7但不以此为限，同样的传动连接方式也可以用于传动连接前轮，以前轮做为驱动轮7。
请继续参见图14，在前述两个自行车的实施例中，脚踏组件6进一步还可以包含有脚套61，脚套61设置在脚踏组件6上，通过骑行者的脚可使脚踏组件6完成复位。
请参见图15及图16，在本实施例中，进一步还包含复位机构8，复位机构8与脚踏组件6连接，以带动脚踏组件转动后复位，复位机构8为弹性件81，弹性件81一端与车架连接，第二端与脚踏组件6连接。通过弹性件81的的拉伸与复位也可简单的实现脚踏组件6的循环驱动复位。进一步的，弹性件81上设有调节部811，调节部811与弹性件81连接，通过调节调节部811的位置可以改变弹性件81的弹力，在使用较长的时间后，弹性件81的弹力会有所减弱，因此需要设置该调节部811以调节弹性件81的弹力，以使弹性件81的弹力能完成脚踏组件6的复位。
请参见图17，在另一个复位机构8的实施例中，可以包括：第一锥形齿轮821、第二锥形齿轮822、转轴823、第三锥形齿轮824，第一锥形齿轮821套设且固定在一脚踏组件6上；第二锥形齿轮822套设且固定另一脚踏组件6上；转轴823设置在车架上；第三锥形齿轮824穿设在转轴823上，同时与第一锥形齿轮821和第二锥形齿轮822啮合；其中，第三锥形齿轮824使两脚踏组件6的转动方向相反。在本实施例中，该复位机构8为齿轮联动复位机构，在使用该复位机构8时，两脚踏组件6的初始位置相反设置，其中一脚踏组件 6位于转动行程的出发端，另一脚踏组件6位于转动行程的结束端，因此在骑行时，一脚踏组件6正向旋转，另一脚踏组件6则反向旋转，可使两脚踏组件6循环转动。
具体的，本发明传动机构还可以在应用于水上自行车、脚踏船、电单车、滑板车和健身动感单车中，具体可参照图11-14应用于自行车上的应用方式，在此不一一列举。以上任一脚踏动力工具采用了本实施例中的传动机构，均落入本发明的保护范围。
应当理解的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制，对本领域技术人员来说，可以对上述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而所有这些修改和替换，都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种传动机构，其特征在于，包括：
    主轴；
    动力输入件；
    齿轮组件，设于所述主轴上；
    单向传动组件，套设在所述主轴上，所述单向传动组件与所述动力输入件连接且与所述齿轮组件连接，所述单向传动组件使所述齿轮组件在所述动力输入件的带动下单向传动；
    其中，所述齿轮组件与动力输出件传动连接，改变所述动力输入件传递至所述动力输出件的转速；
    所述动力输入件以所述主轴为轴心做往复运动带动所述动力输出件运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述单向传动组件为单向轴承或棘轮组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件为扇形齿轮组件，所述扇形齿轮组件包括：
    扇形齿轮，设置于所述主轴上，以所述主轴为轴心转动；
    副轴，其与所述扇形齿轮传动连接；
    第一齿轮，其设于所述副轴，所述第一齿轮与所述扇形齿轮啮合，所述第一齿轮以所述副轴为轴心转动；
    第二齿轮，其设于所述副轴，所述第二齿轮以所述副轴为轴心转动；
    第三齿轮，与所述第二齿轮传动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件为行星齿轮组件，所述主轴上进一步包含有轴套，所述轴套与所述单向传动件连接， 所述行星齿轮组件包括：
    第一行星架，所述第一行星架与所述轴套固定连接；
    第一行星轮组，其设置在所述第一行星架上；
    齿圈，与所述第一行星轮组啮合；
    第一太阳轮，穿设在所述主轴上与所述第一行星轮组传动连接，且与所述动力输出件传动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件为直齿轮组件，所述主轴上进一步包含有轴套，所述轴套与所述单向传动件连接，所述直齿轮组件包括：
    第一齿轮及第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮及所述第二齿轮穿设于所述主轴上，所述第二齿轮与所述轴套固定连接；
    第三齿轮，其穿设且固定在副轴上，所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合；
    第四齿轮，其穿设且固定在所述副轴上；
    其中，所述第四齿轮与所述第三齿轮固定连接或一体成型；
    第五齿轮，其穿设在所述主轴上且与所述第一齿轮固定连接，所述第五齿轮与所述第四齿轮啮合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的传动机构，其特征在于，包括第二太阳轮、第二行星架及第二行星轮组，所述第二行星轮组与所述第一行星轮组共用所述齿圈，所述第二行星轮组设置在所述齿圈内与所述齿圈啮合，所述第二太阳轮与所述第一行星轮组啮合且与所述第二行星架固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述单向轴承分为内圈和外圈，其中，所述内圈与所述第一行星架连接，所述外圈与所述动力输入件连接。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述棘轮组件包括棘轮、棘爪盘、棘爪，所述棘爪设置在所述棘爪盘上，所述棘爪与所述棘轮啮合，其中，所述棘爪盘与所述动力输入件固定连接，所述棘轮与所述第一行星架固定连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述棘轮组件还包括抵接件，所述抵接件固定在所述齿圈上，所述棘爪在旋转至所述抵接件处时被所述抵接件下压脱离与棘齿的啮合，以使所述棘轮可自由旋转。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的传动机构，其特征在于，包含另一单向传动组件套设于所述轴套上，所述另一单向传动组件与另一动力输入件连接，在所述另一动力输入件的带动下驱动所述齿轮组件转动。
  11. 一种自行车，其特征在于，包括车架、驱动轮，及如权利要求1-10任一项所述的传动机构，所述驱动轮安装于所述车架上，所述动力输入件为脚踏组件，所述传动机构与所述驱动轮传动连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的自行车，其特征在于，进一步含包括复位机构，所述复位机构与所述脚踏组件连接，带动所述脚踏组件转动后复位。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的自行车，其特征在于，所述复位机构为弹性件，所述弹性件一端与所述车架连接，第二端与所述脚踏组件连接。
  14. 一种自行车，其特征在于，包括车架、驱动轮及如权利要求1-10任一项所述的传动机构，所述驱动轮安装于所述车架上，所述动力输入件为脚踏组件，所述传动机构设置于所述驱动轮上，且所述传动机构的所述主轴与所述驱动轮的轮轴同轴固定连接。
PCT/CN2021/104928 2020-07-10 2021-07-07 一种传动机构及自行车 WO2022007830A1 (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052912A (en) * 1975-05-27 1977-10-11 Peter Vukelic Pedal actuated drive mechanism
WO2000078597A1 (fr) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-28 Bernard Huret Pedalier a deux manivelles de plus de huit pouces de 25,4 millimetres
CN1594013A (zh) * 2004-07-06 2005-03-16 谭乾棠 往复踏步式助力自行车
CN109501922A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-22 广州大学 一种通过直线往复踩踏方式驱动的自行车
CN111169586A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-05-19 姜立人 一种左右脚踏各自向前或向后蹬都能向前行驶的自行车

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052912A (en) * 1975-05-27 1977-10-11 Peter Vukelic Pedal actuated drive mechanism
WO2000078597A1 (fr) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-28 Bernard Huret Pedalier a deux manivelles de plus de huit pouces de 25,4 millimetres
CN1594013A (zh) * 2004-07-06 2005-03-16 谭乾棠 往复踏步式助力自行车
CN109501922A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-22 广州大学 一种通过直线往复踩踏方式驱动的自行车
CN111169586A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-05-19 姜立人 一种左右脚踏各自向前或向后蹬都能向前行驶的自行车

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