WO2022006834A1 - 一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料及其应用 - Google Patents

一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022006834A1
WO2022006834A1 PCT/CN2020/101238 CN2020101238W WO2022006834A1 WO 2022006834 A1 WO2022006834 A1 WO 2022006834A1 CN 2020101238 W CN2020101238 W CN 2020101238W WO 2022006834 A1 WO2022006834 A1 WO 2022006834A1
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Prior art keywords
warp
fabric
ribbon
fabrics
yarn
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PCT/CN2020/101238
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何云贵
徐建锋
刘非
翁佛全
朱剑飞
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江苏国望高科纤维有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/101238 priority Critical patent/WO2022006834A1/zh
Publication of WO2022006834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022006834A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/20—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of belt-like fabrics.
  • the belt-like fabrics include mask belts and various belt-like accessories for clothing.
  • the belt-like fabrics have a certain width, generally 2.5-200 mm, and are in the shape of long strips, in particular to a strip-like fabric that can be separated into strips.
  • ribbon fabric plays an important role in clothing, medical and safety protection purposes. Knitting is divided into weft knitting and warp knitting. Both knitting methods can weave elastic or non-elastic ribbon fabrics, and they are all realized on specific machines. The common feature is that each equipment can be used at the same time. The number of woven ribbon fabrics is limited, and the output per device is low.
  • the main disadvantages of the special weft knitting machine for weaving ribbon fabrics are: First, the weft knitting machine for weaving ribbon fabrics of different widths needs to be equipped with needle cylinders of different needle numbers, and the utilization rate of the needle cylinders is low. , Second, one needle cylinder of the weft knitting machine can only weave one ribbon fabric at a time, and the output generally does not exceed 2kg per day, which is inefficient;
  • the disadvantages of the special warp knitting machine for weaving ribbon fabrics are that the width of the equipment is narrow, the number of ribbon fabrics that can be woven at the same time is small, the output is low, the warp beam is small, and the pan head and yarn threading are frequently replaced, which is time-consuming and laborious.
  • the ribbon fabrics woven by the special weft knitting machine and the warp knitting machine are independent of each other.
  • the dyeing and heat setting machines for conventional fabrics cannot be used for dyeing and heat setting.
  • special continuous ties are required for dyeing and setting.
  • the dyeing machine is matched with the dyeing and finishing equipment, and the versatility of the dyeing and finishing equipment is low, which makes the post-finishing of such ribbon-shaped fabrics more difficult.
  • the number of roots for each dyeing is limited and the efficiency is low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome one or more deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a novel warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics, and the warp-knitted fabric can utilize the dyeing and finishing equipment for garment fabrics before the ribbon-like fabrics are separated.
  • the dyeing and finishing equipment for garment fabrics before the ribbon-like fabrics are separated.
  • an overflow dyeing machine to dye and shape, to stabilize the structure, and then separate the belt-like fabric, which indirectly realizes the purpose of weaving multiple belt-like fabrics with stable structure and capable of dyeing at the same time.
  • the width of the fabric can be adjusted without changing the equipment.
  • the present invention also provides a belt-shaped fabric, the belt-shaped fabric includes a mask earband and a belt-shaped auxiliary material for various garments.
  • a warp knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-like fabric the warp knitted fabric is made of warp knitting, and the warp knitted fabric includes at least one degradable unit and at least two warp knitting units, two adjacent to each other.
  • the warp knitting units are connected by the degradable unit; wherein, the warp knitting unit is a ribbon-shaped fabric formed by weaving at least one kind of yarn along the warp direction, and the degradable unit is made of a Physically and/or chemically digested degradable connecting yarns are woven in the warp direction.
  • the belt-like fabric is woven with at least two yarn guide bars.
  • At least one of the yarn guide bars has a needle back traverse amount sufficient to connect two adjacent wale stitches to each other.
  • the wale stitches are knitted by the yarns in the warp direction, and at least one of the yarn guide bars is knitted in loops within a complete pattern cycle range.
  • two adjacent warp knitting units are connected only by the degradable units.
  • the width of the ribbon fabric is proportional to the number of each of the yarns.
  • the widths of each belt-like fabric may be independent of each other and not affect each other.
  • the yarns woven into the ribbon fabric are polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or a combination of spandex fibers and polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers.
  • the degradable connecting yarns are knitted between adjacent knitting needles or multiple needles at intervals in alternate loop or weft-inserted form to connect the adjacent belt-like fabrics.
  • the degradable connecting yarns are independently wound on a set of warp beams, and then individually worn on a yarn guide bar; or, the degradable connecting yarns
  • the thread and one of the yarns for weaving the ribbon-like fabric are wound on the same set of warp beams according to the yarn arrangement rule required by the process, and then threaded together on the same yarn guide bar.
  • the yarn guide bar needs to be knitted between adjacent knitting needles or multiple needles at intervals in the form of alternate loop formation or weft insertion to connect the adjacent belt-like fabrics.
  • the digestible connecting yarn is an alkali-soluble polyester yarn.
  • a belt-shaped fabric wherein the degradable connecting yarns are digested by physical and/or chemical methods of the above-mentioned fabrics that can be separated into a belt-shaped fabric. And get.
  • the degradable connecting yarn in the present invention has different physical and/or chemical properties from the yarn for weaving the ribbon-like fabric, and the difference in physical and/or chemical properties is utilized through specific treatments.
  • the connecting yarns between the belt-like fabrics can be digested and dissolved, so that several belt-like fabrics connected together are separated into independent belt-like fabrics.
  • the above-mentioned process of decomposing the degradable connecting yarns may preferably be implemented in the finishing process of the fabric.
  • the belt-like fabric is a mask earband or a belt-like accessory for various garments.
  • elastic yarn can be used when weaving the belt-like fabric part, so that the belt-like fabric has good elasticity and recovery, especially suitable for use as mask earbands and necklines, cuffs, elastic Belts and various belt-shaped clothing accessories with elastic requirements.
  • the width of the woven ribbon fabric can be adjusted by adjusting the number of yarns, and the minimum width of the ribbon fabric can be 1.5 mm.
  • a processing method of a ribbon fabric comprises the following steps:
  • the warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics, and the warp-knitted fabric is made of warp knitting; wherein, the warp-knitted fabric includes at least one digestible unit, at least two warp knitting units, and two warp knitting units. Two adjacent warp knitting units are connected by the degradable unit, the warp knitting unit is a ribbon-shaped fabric formed by knitting at least one kind of yarn along the warp direction, and the degradable unit is composed of It is woven in the warp direction of digestible connecting yarns that can be digested by physical and/or chemical methods;
  • step (3) Physically and/or chemically digest the degradable connecting yarns on the warp-knitted fabric processed in step (2) to obtain at least two of the degradable connecting yarns that are superimposed and fixed on the base fabric independently. strip fabric, and then separate the strip fabric from the base fabric.
  • the processing method further includes the following steps, which are sequentially arranged between the step (1) and the step (2): pre-shrinking the warp knitted fabric prepared in the step (1) Treatment, styling treatment, dyeing treatment and drying treatment.
  • the pre-shrinking treatment is to place the warp knitted fabric in a refining treatment solution for treatment to shrink the warp and weft density of the warp knitted fabric and remove surface oil stains.
  • the shaping treatment is controlled to be performed at 160-180°C.
  • the dyeing process is carried out using a high temperature and high pressure overflow dyeing machine.
  • the present invention is to use the overflow dyeing machine in the form of fabrics before the warp knitted fabrics that can be separated into ribbon fabrics are dissolved in the form of fabrics.
  • Dyeing the dyeing method can be dyed not only at room temperature, but also at high temperature.
  • the traditional processing method of ribbon fabric is to dye the yarn first, and then weave the ribbon fabric.
  • the present invention can dye the ribbon fabric at high temperature. , which overcomes the limitation of raw material selection of traditional ribbon fabrics that are woven first and then dyed.
  • the number of dyeing is limited each time, and the dyeing efficiency is low; the method of the invention enables the ribbon fabrics to be dyed on an overflow dyeing machine for fabric dyeing, and each The number of dyeing is more, the dyeing efficiency is higher and the cost is lower.
  • the tension of each ribbon fabric is individually controlled, and it is difficult to control the uniformity of the tension.
  • the tension of several belt-like fabrics in the whole fabric is controlled at the same time during high-temperature setting.
  • the belt-like fabric tension control is more uniform, the control precision is higher, and the control difficulty is lower.
  • the traditional method to obtain color of ribbon fabrics is to dye the yarn first, and then weave the ribbon fabric.
  • the dyeing is difficult and the dyeing is uniform.
  • the present invention directly dyes the warp knitted fabric that can be separated into strip fabrics, so that the separated strip fabrics have better color uniformity and less color difference.
  • this knitting method is to knit into a certain width fabric on a warp knitting machine first, and then separate the wider fabric into several narrower ribbon fabrics after finishing.
  • the warp knitted fabric woven in the weaving method has more separable ribbon fabrics, higher output and more obvious economic benefits.
  • a three-comb warp knitting machine with a warp knitting machine of 28 needles and a working width of 218 inches to knit a 3mm width mask earband as an example, four warp yarns can knit a 3mm width mask earband, and one
  • the warp knitting machine can wear up to 6,000 warp yarns, and the knitted fabric can be separated into up to 1,500 independent mask earbands, and the fastest knitting speed can reach 2,800 rpm, with a knitting density of 15 loops/cm.
  • the equipment is normal For example, if the operating efficiency is 90%, 2688 meters of fabric can be produced every 24 hours.
  • the fabric density is 35 coils/cm, and the total length of the detachable mask earbands is 1.728 million meters.
  • Each mask uses 0.35 According to the calculation of the ear band, the ear band of the mask formed by this weaving method can meet the usage of 4.93 million masks per day.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • Root ribbon fabric the warp knitted fabric can be dyed and shaped on conventional dyeing equipment and setting machines before the yarn is dissolved in a specific area.
  • the post-finishing operation is more convenient and the equipment is more versatile, which overcomes the problem of the high temperature dyeing of the conventional ribbon fabric.
  • the disadvantages of weaving or first weaving and then dyeing and finalizing by continuous tie-dyeing machine at room temperature are low efficiency and high cost.
  • the strip fabric made by the present invention when dissolving the connecting yarn between two adjacent strip fabrics, simultaneously removes the oil stain on the surface of the yarn, which is more clean and hygienic under specific usage scenarios, such as disposable mask ears
  • the main technological process used for the belt is to use it directly after weaving, without the process of washing and decontamination and degreasing. There are certain health risks.
  • the warp tension of the fabric can be actively adjusted during the dyeing and finishing process, and the elasticity of the ribbon fabric can be precisely controlled according to the elastic requirements.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fabric shown in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • a and c respectively represent an independent ribbon fabric and the two are adjacent, and b represents the digestible unit shown after weaving the digestible connecting yarn, which is used to connect a and c; 1.
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fabric shown in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a' and c' represent an independent ribbon fabric and the two are adjacent, and b' represents the degradable unit shown after the degradable connecting yarn is woven, which is used to connect a' and c'; 1', the first A yarn, 2', a second yarn, 3', a third yarn, 4', a digestible connecting yarn;
  • Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the fabric shown in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • a", c" represent an independent ribbon fabric and the two are adjacent
  • b" represents the digestible unit shown after the digestible connecting yarn is woven, which is used to connect a" and c"
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the warp-knitted fabric and the base fabric being fixed in the embodiment of the present invention
  • a"', c"' represent an independent ribbon fabric and the two are adjacent; 1"', the base fabric, 2'", the warp knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon fabrics, 3"', fixed The fixing line of the base fabric and the warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-like fabric, 4"' represents a digestible unit between two adjacent ribbon-like fabrics a"' and c"', which is made of digestible yarn warp knitting , used to connect a"' and c"'.
  • a warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-shaped fabrics knitted on a single-needle-bed warp knitting machine includes a ribbon-shaped fabric a, a ribbon-shaped fabric c, and a separable ribbon-shaped fabric that connects two adjacent ribbon-shaped fabrics a and c.
  • the digestion unit b (in this example, the width of the belt-like fabric a and the belt-like fabric c is the same), the belt-like fabrics a and c are woven by the first yarn 1, the second yarn 2, and the third yarn 3 along the warp direction. In this way, the two belt-like fabric parts connecting a and c are woven along the warp direction by the degradable connecting yarn 4 .
  • the yarns are: the first yarn 1: 140D spandex; the second yarn 2: 75D/36F PBT DTY; the third yarn 3: 75D/36F PBT DTY; the digestible connecting yarn 4: 75D/36F alkali-soluble polymer Ester FDY;
  • the knitting model is a 28-needle 4-card warp knitting machine, the working width is 218 inches, the weaving density is 15 loops/cm, and the weaving process is as follows:
  • the second yarn 2 and the digestible connecting yarn 4 are wound on the GB2 and GB3 warp beams, respectively.
  • the second yarn 2 and the digestible connecting yarn 4 can also be warped and wound on the same warp beam GB2, and the yarn arrangement rule during warping is three second yarns 2 and one digestible yarn
  • the connecting yarn 4 is arranged in a loop.
  • the threading process is full threading, and GB1, GB2 and GB4 three combs are used for weaving.
  • This example also provides a processing method of a ribbon-shaped fabric, the processing method comprising: (i) using the above-mentioned warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-shaped fabric as a starting material;
  • step (ii) pre-shrinking the warp knitted fabric prepared in step (i): keeping the temperature in an aqueous solution at about 90°C for 30 minutes;
  • step (iv) Superimpose the warp-knitted fabric treated in step (iii) and the base fabric up and down, and then use a sewing machine to sew and fix the fabric and the base fabric together at a certain distance on the fabric, so as to avoid dissolving between two adjacent strip fabrics. After dissolving and connecting the yarns, the relative positions change and become entangled with each other, which is conducive to the separation and drying of the belt-like fabrics; the base fabric in this example should be light and thin, which can be mesh fabrics;
  • Alkali reduction treatment dissolve the degradable connecting yarn 4, but the first yarn 1, the second yarn 2, and the third yarn 3 will not be dissolved, so that the belt-like fabric a and the belt-like fabric c are not dissolved. They are separated from each other to form belt-like fabrics which are respectively superimposed and fixed on the base fabric independently.
  • the alkali reduction treatment process of the warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon fabrics described in this example is as follows: 3% liquid caustic soda (NaOH) is heated at a rate of 1°C per minute, and the temperature is kept at 110°C for 60 minutes, as shown in the figure.
  • the digestible connecting yarn 4 (75D/36F alkali-soluble polyester FDY) shown in 1 was dissolved, so that the belt-like fabric a and the belt-like fabric c were separated from each other to form a belt-like fabric with a width of 3 mm.
  • the schematic diagram shows that the warp knitted fabric 2"' that can be separated into a belt-like fabric is superimposed and fixed on the base fabric 1"' by sewing, and 3"' is the sewing thread, wherein the belt-like fabric a "' and c"' are connected by digestible units 4''' that are warp-knitted from digestible yarns.
  • the warp-knitted fabrics described in this example that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics can be pre-shrinked before the alkali reduction treatment, which can remove the oil stains in the fabrics, reduce the prestressing of the fabrics, and make the ribbon-like fabrics more elastic.
  • the structure is more stable after being shaped by a shaping machine under humid and hot conditions.
  • the weft density of the finished tape fabric made in this example is 38 coils/cm, and it is mainly used as earbands for medical disposable masks.
  • PBT is the abbreviation of polybutylene terephthalate, which belongs to the category of polyester fibers.
  • the strip fabric made in this example can be used as a 3mm medical disposable mask earband, and its performance test data is shown in the following table:
  • a warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics knitted on a single-needle-bed warp knitting machine includes a ribbon-like fabric a', a ribbon-like fabric c', and two adjacent ribbons connecting a' and c'
  • the digestible unit b' of the belt-like fabric in this example, the belt-like fabric a' and the belt-like fabric c' have the same width
  • the belt-like fabrics a' and c' are composed of the first yarn 1', the second yarn 2'
  • the third yarn 3' is woven along the warp direction
  • the two ribbon-shaped fabric parts connecting a' and c' are woven along the warp direction by the digestible connecting yarn 4';
  • the yarns are: the first yarn 1': 280D Spandex; Second Yarn 2': 150D/96F Nylon DTY; Third Yarn 3': 75D/36F Nylon DTY; Digestable Yarn 4': 75D/
  • the second yarn 2' and the digestible yarn 4' are warped and wound on the GB2 and GB3 beams, respectively.
  • the second yarn 2' and the digestible yarn 4' can also be warped and wound on the GB2 warp beam at the same time, and the yarn arrangement rule during warping is four second yarns 2' and 1
  • the root digestible yarn 4' is arranged in a circular arrangement, and then it is threaded on the GB2 bar according to the yarn threading process of 5 threads and 1 empty.
  • GB1, GB2 and GB4 three combs are used for knitting.
  • This example also provides a processing method of a ribbon-shaped fabric, the processing method comprising: (i) using the above-mentioned warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-shaped fabric as a starting material;
  • step (ii) pre-shrinking the warp knitted fabric prepared in step (i): keeping the temperature in an aqueous solution at about 90°C for 30 minutes;
  • step (iv) Superimpose the warp-knitted fabric treated in step (iii) and the base fabric up and down, and then use a sewing machine to sew and fix the fabric and the base fabric together at a certain distance on the fabric, so as to avoid dissolving between two adjacent strip fabrics. After dissolving and connecting the yarns, the relative positions change and become entangled with each other, which is conducive to the separation and drying of the belt-like fabrics; the base fabric in this example should be light and thin, which can be mesh fabrics;
  • the alkali reduction treatment process of the warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics described in this example is as follows: 3% liquid caustic soda (NaOH) is heated at a rate of 1°C per minute, and the temperature is kept at 110°C for 60 minutes, so that as shown in Figure 2 The shown digestible yarn 4' (75D/24F alkali-soluble polyester FDY) was dissolved, thereby separating the tape fabric a' and the tape fabric c' from each other to form a 5 mm wide tape fabric.
  • NaOH liquid caustic soda
  • the warp-knitted fabrics described in this example that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics can be pre-shrinked before the alkali reduction treatment, which can remove the oil stains in the fabrics, reduce the prestressing of the fabrics, and make the ribbon-like fabrics more elastic.
  • the structure is more stable after being shaped by a shaping machine under humid and hot conditions.
  • the weft density of the finished tape fabric made in this example is 40 coils/cm, and it is mainly used as KN95 standard mask earbands.
  • the ribbon fabric made in this example can be used as a 5mmKN95 standard mask earband, and its performance test data is shown in the following table:
  • a warp knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics knitted on a single-needle-bed warp knitting machine includes a ribbon-like fabric a", a ribbon-like fabric c", and two adjacent belts connecting a" and c".
  • the digestible unit b" of the woven fabric in this example, the width of the ribbon a" and the ribbon c" are the same
  • the ribbons a" and c" are composed of the first yarn 1", the second yarn 2"
  • the third yarn 3" is woven along the warp direction
  • the two ribbon-shaped fabric parts connecting a" and c" are woven along the warp direction by the digestible connecting yarn 4".
  • the raw materials are: the first yarn 1" : 210D Spandex; Second Yarn 2": 75D/36F Polyester DTY; Third Yarn 3": 75D/36F Polyester DTY; Digestable Yarn 4": 75D/36F Alkali-Soluble Polyester FDY; Knitting Type 3 Comb 28-needle warp knitting machine, the working width is 218 inches, the knitting density is 18 loops/cm, and the knitting process is as follows
  • This example also provides a processing method of a ribbon-shaped fabric, the processing method comprising: (i) using the above-mentioned warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-shaped fabric as a starting material;
  • step (ii) pre-shrinking the warp knitted fabric prepared in step (i): keeping the temperature in an aqueous solution at about 90°C for 30 minutes;
  • step (v) After dehydrating the warp knitted fabric treated in step (iv), superimpose it on top of the base fabric, and then use a sewing machine to sew and fix the fabric and the base fabric together at a certain distance on the fabric, so as to avoid dissolving two adjacent ribbon fabrics.
  • the relative positions of the dissolvable connecting yarns change and become entangled with each other, which is conducive to the separation and drying of the belt-like fabric;
  • the base fabric in this example should be light and thin, and it can be a mesh fabric;
  • the alkali reduction treatment process of the warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics described in this example is as follows: 3% liquid caustic soda (NaOH) is heated at a rate of 1°C per minute, and the temperature is kept at 110°C for 60 minutes, so that the digestible Yarn 4" (75D/36F alkali-soluble polyester FDY) was dissolved, so that the tape fabric a" and the tape fabric c" were separated from each other to form a tape fabric with a width of 20 mm.
  • 3% liquid caustic soda (NaOH) is heated at a rate of 1°C per minute, and the temperature is kept at 110°C for 60 minutes, so that the digestible Yarn 4" (75D/36F alkali-soluble polyester FDY) was dissolved, so that the tape fabric a" and the tape fabric c" were separated from each other to form a tape fabric with a width of 20 mm.
  • the warp-knitted fabrics described in this example that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics can be pre-shrinked before the alkali reduction treatment, which can remove the oil stains in the fabrics, reduce the prestressing of the fabrics, and make the ribbon-like fabrics more elastic.
  • the structure is more stable after being shaped by a shaping machine under humid and hot conditions.
  • the finished tape fabric produced in this example had a weft density of 38 loops/cm.
  • the front needle bed GB2 and the rear needle bed GB5 yarn guide bar contain two kinds of yarns, one is the woven ribbon fabric yarn, and the other is the alkali-soluble polyester yarn connecting two adjacent ribbon fabrics.
  • the arrangement of process design requirements is arranged regularly.
  • the weaving process is as follows:
  • the distance between the front and rear needle beds is 1.8mm, weaving density: 15 loops/cm, yarn A; 75D/36F polyester DTY; yarn B; 75D/24F alkali-soluble polyester FDY; yarn C; 210D/ 1F Spandex.
  • This example also provides a processing method of a ribbon-shaped fabric, the processing method comprising: (i) using the above-mentioned warp-knitted fabric that can be separated into a ribbon-shaped fabric as a starting material;
  • step (ii) pre-shrinking the warp knitted fabric prepared in step (i): keeping the temperature in an aqueous solution at about 90°C for 30 minutes;
  • step (iv) Superimpose the warp-knitted fabric treated in step (iii) and the base fabric up and down, and then use a sewing machine to sew and fix the fabric and the base fabric together at a certain distance on the fabric, so as to avoid dissolving between two adjacent strip fabrics. After dissolving and connecting the yarns, the relative positions change and become entangled with each other, which is conducive to the separation and drying of the belt-like fabrics; the base fabric in this example should be light and thin, which can be mesh fabrics;
  • the warp-knitted fabrics described in this example that can be separated into ribbon-like fabrics can be pre-shrinked before the alkali reduction treatment, which can remove the oil stains in the fabrics, reduce the prestressing of the fabrics, and make the ribbon-like fabrics more elastic.
  • the structure is more stable after being shaped by a shaping machine under humid and hot conditions.
  • the weft density of the finished tape fabric made in this example is 38 coils/cm, and it is mainly used as KN95 disposable mask earbands.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料及其应用，其采用经编编织而成，包括至少一个可消解单元、至少两个经编编织单元，两两相邻经编编织单元之间通过可消解单元连接；经编编织单元为由至少一种纱线沿经向编织而形成的带状织物，可消解单元由能够通过物理和/或化学方法消解的可消解连接纱线沿经向编织而成；及其在制备带状织物中的应用，具体是可以通过将上述经编面料经过物理和/或化学方法消解掉可消解连接纱线而得；该经编面料可在带状织物分离前利用服装面料的染整设备进行染色和定型，使其结构稳定后再进行带状织物分离，也即间接实现了可同时编织多根结构稳定且能够染色的带状织物，且此带状织物的宽度在不更换设备的前提下可调。

Description

一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于带状织物领域，带状织物包括口罩带以及各种服装用带状辅料，其具有一定宽度，一般在2.5-200mm，呈长条带状，具体涉及一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料及其应用。
背景技术
带状织物作为纺织服行业重要的辅料，在服装、医用以及安全防护用途上具有重要的作用，其用途广泛，目前对于带状织物的编织方法上，主要由机织和针织两种编织方法，针织又分为纬编和经编两种不同编织工艺，两种编织方法都可以编织弹性或非弹性带状织物，且都是在特定机器上实现的，其共同特点是目前每台设备可同时编织的带状织物根数有限，每台设备的产量低。
以针织编织方法为例，专用纬编机编织带状织物的主要缺点是：其一，纬编机编织不同宽度的带状织物需要配备不同针数的针筒，且对针筒的利用率低，其二，纬编机的一个针筒一次只能编织一根带状织物，且产量一般不超过2kg每天，效率低；
专用经编机编织带状织物的缺点：是设备宽度窄，可同时编织的带状织物根数少，产量低，经轴小，频繁更换盘头和穿纱，耗时费力。
专用纬编机和经编机编织的带状织物，相互独立，同时由于宽度太窄，也不能用常规面料用染色机和定型机进行染色和热定型；具体地，染色定型都需要专用连续扎染机配套，染整设备通用性低，导致对此类带状织物的后整理难度加大，同时只能以独立的带状形式在连续扎染机上常温染色(染色温度低于100℃)，每次进行染色的根数有限且效率低。以口罩耳带为例，由于其宽度太窄，目前很多不具备硬件实力的工厂编织后，没有经过水洗、去油去污和热定型等工艺流程，直接用作口罩耳带上，给整个口罩的卫生带来了很大的风险，同时没有经过热定型，口罩耳带的弹力稳定性也难以保证。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的一个或多个不足，提供一种新型可分离成带状织物的经编面料，该经编面料可在带状织物分离前利用服装面料的染整设备(例如溢 流染色机)进行染色和定型，使其结构稳定后再进行带状织物分离，也即间接实现了可同时编织多根结构稳定且能够染色的带状织物的目的，且此带状织物的宽度在不更换设备的前提下可调。
本发明同时还提供了一种带状织物，所述带状织物包括口罩耳带、各种服装用的带状辅料。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的一种技术方案是：
一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料，所述经编面料采用经编编织而成，所述经编面料包括至少一个可消解单元、至少两个经编编织单元，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间通过所述可消解单元连接；其中，所述的经编编织单元为由至少一种纱线沿经向编织而形成的带状织物，所述可消解单元由能够通过物理和/或化学方法消解的可消解连接纱线沿经向编织而成。
根据本发明的一些优选方面，所述带状织物采用至少两把导纱梳栉进行编织。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，编织所述带状织物的导纱梳栉中，其中至少有一把所述导纱梳栉的针背横移量满足使相邻两纵行线圈相互连接在一起，所述纵行线圈由所述纱线沿经向编织而成，且至少有一把所述导纱梳栉在一个完整花型循环范围内是成圈编织。
根据本发明，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间有且仅由所述可消解单元连接。
根据本发明的一些具体方面，所述带状织物的宽度与每种所述纱线的根数成正比。在本发明中，每个带状织物的宽度可以相互独立且互不影响。
根据本发明的一些优选方面，编织所述带状织物的所述纱线为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维，或，氨纶纤维与聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维的组合。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，所述可消解连接纱线相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织来连接相邻所述带状织物。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，所述可消解连接纱线独立地卷绕在一组经轴上，然后独立地穿在一把导纱梳栉上；或，所述可消解连接纱线与编织所述带状织物的其中一种所述纱线按照工艺要求的纱线排列规律卷绕在同一组经轴上，然后共同穿在同一把导纱梳栉上，所述的同一把导纱梳栉需满足在相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织来连接相邻所述带状织物。
根据本发明的一些优选方面，所述可消解连接纱线为碱溶性聚酯纱线。
本发明提供的又一技术方案：一种带状织物，所述带状织物通过将上述所述的可分离成带状织物的面料经过物理和/或化学方法消解掉所述可消解连接纱线而得。
根据本发明，本发明中所述可消解连接纱线与编织所述带状织物的所述纱线具有不同的物理和/或化学性能，利用物理和/或化学性能上的差异通过特定的处理方法，将带状织物间的连接纱即可消解连接纱溶解，使连接在一起的若干带状织物分离成独立的带状织物。
根据本发明的一些优选方面，上述消解掉所述可消解连接纱线的过程可以优选在对面料的后整理过程中实现。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，所述带状织物为口罩耳带或各种服装用的带状辅料。进一步地，可以根据带状织物的不同用途，在编织带状织物部分时使用弹性纱线，使带状织物具有良好的弹性和回复性，特别适合用作口罩类耳带和领口、袖口、弹性腰带及有弹性需求的各种带状服装辅料。
根据本发明，根据带状织物的应用场景不同，可通过调整编织带状织物的纱线根数来调节其宽度，其带状织物最小宽度可在1.5mm。
本发明提供的又一技术方案：一种带状织物的加工方法，所述加工方法包括如下步骤：
(1)制备可分离成带状织物的经编面料，所述经编面料采用经编编织而成；其中，所述经编面料包括至少一个可消解单元、至少两个经编编织单元，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间通过所述可消解单元连接，所述的经编编织单元为由至少一种纱线沿经向编织而形成的带状织物，所述可消解单元由能够通过物理和/或化学方法消解的可消解连接纱线沿经向编织而成；
(2)将制成的所述经编面料与底布上下叠加固定；
(3)将经步骤(2)处理后的经编面料通过物理和/或化学方法消解所述可消解连接纱线，获得至少两根且分别独立地叠加固定在所述底布上的所述带状织物，然后使所述带状织物与所述底布相分离。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，所述加工方法还包括依次设置在步骤(1)与步骤(2)之间的如下工序：对步骤(1)制备的所述经编面料进行预缩处理、定型处理、染色处理和烘干处理。
根据本发明的一些具体方面，所述预缩处理为将所述经编面料置于精炼处理溶液 中进行处理以使所述经编面料的经纬密度收缩和去除表面油污。
根据本发明的一些优选且具体的方面，控制所述定型处理在160-180℃下进行。
根据本发明的一些优选方面，所述染色处理采用高温高压溢流染色机进行。
上述方法具有如下优点：相比于传统带状织物只能以独立的带状形式在连续扎染机上常温染色(如果采用溢流染色机染色，由于染色前是独立的带状形式，则极易使得各带状织物之间发生缠解，且容易造成染色不均)，本发明是将可分离成带状织物的经编面料在带状织物连接纱溶解前以面料的形式采用溢流染色机染色，染色方法不仅可以常温染色，也可以高温染色，对需要高温染色的纱线，传统带状织物的加工方法是先纱线染色，后带状织物编织，本发明可以对带状织物高温染色，克服了传统带状织物先编织后染色的原料选择限制。
相比于传统带状织物只能在连续扎染机上染色，每次进行染色的根数有限，染色效率低；本发明方法使带状织物可在用于面料染色的溢流染色机上染色，每次进行染色的数量更多，染色效率更高、成本更低。
相比于传统带状织物在连续扎染机上染色和烘干时每条带状织物的张力单独控制，张力均匀性控制难度大，本发明方法中对可分离成带状织物的经编面料在精炼预缩后通过高温定型时整幅面料内若干带状织物张力同时控制，带状织物张力控制更均匀、控制精度更高、控制难度更低。
对于需要高温染色的纱线，传统带状织物获得颜色的方法是先进行纱线染色，后进行编织带状织物，对单纤细度低于0.5旦尼尔的纱线，染色难度大，染色均匀性差，本发明采用直接对可分离成带状织物的经编面料染色，使得分离后的带状织物颜色均匀性更好，色差更小。
根据本发明，与目前带状织物的主要编织方式不同，此编织方式是先在经编机上编织成一定宽的面料，通过后整理后将较宽的面料分离若干较窄的带状织物，此编织方式编织的经编面料可分离的带状织物更多，产量更高、经济效益更加明显。
具体地，以经编机机号为28针，工作幅宽为218英寸的三梳经编机编织3mm宽度的口罩耳带为例，4根经纱可以编织一根3mm宽度口罩耳带，一台经编机可以最多穿6000根经纱，同时编织的面料可以最多分离成1500根独立的口罩耳带，而编织速度最快可以达到2800转/分，以编织密度为15个线圈/厘米，设备正常运行效率为90％为例，每24小时可产面料2688米，经过染色定型后面料密度为35个线圈/厘米， 面料可分离的口罩耳带总长度为172.8万米，以每个口罩使用0.35米耳带计算，此编织方法形成的口罩耳带每天可产满足493万个口罩的使用量。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
(1)利用纱线不同化学或者物理性能的差异设计，特别是利用不同化学或者物理性能纱线和织物结构设计组合，使特定区域的纱线在后整理过程中溶解，而使面料分离成若干根带状织物，特定区域纱线溶解前经编面料可以在常规染色设备和定型机上染色和定型，后整理操作更方便、设备通用性更高，克服了常规带状织物先纱线高温染色后编织或先编织后通过连续扎染机常温染色定型的效率低、成本高的缺点。
(2)可根据设计要求，在不增加任何辅助设备的情况下，只需改变穿纱工艺来改变形成带状织物的纱线根数，即可完成不同宽度带状织物的改变，操作更方便，也可以通过穿纱工艺的改变，同时编织不同宽度的带状织物。
(3)本发明制成的带状织物，在溶解两相邻带状织物之间的连接纱时，同时对纱线表面油污进行去除，在特定使用场景下更加干净卫生，如一次性口罩耳带，目前主要采用的工艺流程是编织后直接使用，没有经过水洗去污去油工艺。存在一定的卫生风险。
(4)本发明制成的带状织物当含有氨纶弹力纤维时，在染色和后整理过程中，可以主动调节织物的经向张力，可以根据弹力要求对带状织物的弹性进行精确控制。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1所示面料的结构示意图；
其中，a、c分别代表一个独立的带状织物且两者相邻，b代表可消解连接纱编织后所示的可消解单元，用于连接a和c；1、第一纱线，2、第二纱线，3、第三纱线，4、可消解连接纱；
图2为本发明实施例2所示面料的结构示意图；
其中，a'、c'分别代表一个独立的带状织物且两者相邻，b'代表可消解连接纱编织后所示的可消解单元，用于连接a'和c'；1'、第一纱线，2'、第二纱线，3'、第三纱线， 4'、可消解连接纱；
图3为本发明实施例3所示面料的结构示意图；
其中，a"、c"分别代表一个独立的带状织物且两者相邻，b"代表可消解连接纱编织后所示的可消解单元，用于连接a"和c"；1"、第一纱线，2"、第二纱线，3"、第三纱线，4"、可消解连接纱；
图4为本发明实施例中所示经编面料与底布固定的结构示意图；
其中，a"'、c"'分别代表一个独立的带状织物且两者相邻；1"'、底布，2'"、可分离成带状织物的经编面料，3"'、固定底布与可分离成带状织物的经编面料的固定线，4"'代表a"'与c"'两相邻带状织物间的由可消解纱线经编编织而成的可消解单元，用于连接a"'和c"'。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明；应理解，这些实施例是用于说明本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点，而本发明不受以下实施例的范围限制；实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。下述中，如无特殊说明，所有的原料基本为本领域常规方法制备或商购获得。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种单针床经编机上编织的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，包括带状织物a、带状织物c、连接a与c两相邻带状织物的可消解单元b(本例中带状织物a与带状织物c宽度相同)，带状织物a和c是由第一纱线1、第二纱线2、第三纱线3沿经向编织而成，连接a与c两带状织物部分是由可消解连接纱4沿经向编织而成。纱线分别为：第一纱线1：140D氨纶；第二纱线2：75D/36F PBT DTY；第三纱线3：75D/36F PBT DTY；可消解连接纱4：75D/36F碱溶性聚酯FDY；编织机型为28针4梳经编机，工作幅宽为218英寸，编织密度为15个线圈/厘米，编织工艺如下：
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000001
本例中第二纱线2和可消解连接纱4分别卷绕在GB2和GB3经轴上。
在其它实施方式中，第二纱线2和可消解连接纱4也可以整经卷绕在同一经轴GB2上，整经时纱线排列规律为3根第二纱线2与1根可消解连接纱4循环排列。穿纱工艺为满穿,编织时使用GB1、GB2和GB4三梳编织。
本例还提供一种带状织物的加工方法，所述加工方法包括：(ⅰ)采用上述制成的可分离成带状织物的经编面料作为起始原料；
(ⅱ)对步骤(ⅰ)制备的所述经编面料进行预缩处理：在90℃左右的水溶液中保温30分钟；
(ⅲ)经编面料高温定型：在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以180℃、18米/分钟的速度定型；
(ⅳ)将经步骤(ⅲ)处理的经编面料与底布上下叠加，然后在面料上相隔一定距离用缝纫机将面料与底布缝纫固定在一起，避免在溶解两相邻带状织物间可消解连接纱线后相对位置发生变化而相互缠结在一起，利于带状织物的分离和定型烘干；本例中的底布要轻薄为宜，可为网眼面料；
(ⅴ)碱减量处理：使可消解连接纱4溶解，而第一纱线1、第二纱线2、第三纱线3不会被溶解，使得带状织物a和带状织物c之间相互分离，形成分别独立地叠加固定在所述底布上的带状织物。本例所述可分离成带状织物的经编面料的碱减量处理工艺为：3％的液碱(NaOH)以1℃每分的升温速度，到110℃时保温60分钟，使得如图1所示的可消解连接纱4(75D/36F碱溶聚酯FDY)溶解，从而使带状织物a和带状织物c之间相互分离，形成3mm宽的带状织物。
(ⅵ)将排列在底布上的带状织物与底布一起在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以160℃、15米/分钟的速度进行烘干；
(ⅶ)带状织物与底布分离：将底布与带状织物间用来固定的缝纫线拆除，使其底布与带状织物分离，并使相邻带状织物彻底分离独立，即可。
如图4所示，该示意图示意了可分离成带状织物的经编面料2″′以缝纫的方式叠加固定在底布1″′上，3″′即为缝纫线，其中带状织物a″′和c″′由可消解纱线经编编织而成的可消解单元4″′连接。
本例所述可分离成带状织物的经编面料，在没有经过碱减量处理前，上述进行预缩等操作，可以清除面料中的油污，减少面料的预应力，使带状织物弹性更好，在湿 热条件下经过定型机定型后，结构更稳定。
本例制成的成品带状织物的纬向密度为38个线圈/厘米，主要用作医用一次性口罩耳带。
本例中的PBT是聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的简称，属于聚酯纤维范畴。
本例制成的带状织物可以作为3mm医用一次性口罩耳带，其性能测试数据如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000002
实施例2
如图2所示，一种单针床经编机上编织的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，包括带状织物a'、带状织物c'、连接a'与c'两相邻带状织物的可消解单元b'(本例中带状织物a'与带状织物c'宽度相同)，带状织物a'和c'是由第一纱线1'、第二纱线2'、第三纱线3'沿经向编织而成，连接a'与c'两带状织物部分是由可消解连接纱4'，沿经向编织而成；纱线分别为：第一纱线1'：280D氨纶；第二纱线2'：150D/96F锦纶DTY；第三纱线3'：75D/36F锦纶DTY；可消解纱线4'：75D/24F碱溶性聚酯FDY；编织机型为28针4梳经编机，工作幅宽为218英寸，编织密度为15个线圈/厘米，编织工艺如下：
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000003
本案例中第二纱线2'和可消解纱线4'分别整经卷绕在GB2和GB3经轴上。
在其他实施方式中，第二纱线2'和可消解纱线4'也可以同时整经卷绕在GB2经轴上，整经时纱线排列规律为4根第二纱线2'和1根可消解纱线4'循环排列，然后按照5穿1空的穿纱工艺穿在GB2梳栉上，编织时使用GB1、GB2和GB4三梳编织。
本例还提供一种带状织物的加工方法，所述加工方法包括：(ⅰ)采用上述制成的可分离成带状织物的经编面料作为起始原料；
(ⅱ)对步骤(ⅰ)制备的所述经编面料进行预缩处理：在90℃左右的水溶液中保温30分钟；
(ⅲ)经编面料高温定型：在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以180℃、17米/分钟速度定型；
(ⅳ)将经步骤(ⅲ)处理的经编面料与底布上下叠加，然后在面料上相隔一定距离用缝纫机将面料与底布缝纫固定在一起，避免在溶解两相邻带状织物间可消解连接纱线后相对位置发生变化而相互缠结在一起，利于带状织物的分离和定型烘干；本例中的底布要轻薄为宜，可为网眼面料；
(ⅴ)碱减量处理：使可消解连接纱4'溶解，而第一纱线1'、第二纱线2'、第三纱线3'不会被溶解，使得带状织物a'和带状织物c'之间相互分离，形成分别独立地叠加固定在所述底布上的带状织物。本例所述可分离成带状织物经编面料的碱减量处理工艺为：3％的液碱(NaOH)以1℃每分的升温速度，到110℃时保温60分钟，使得如图2所示的可消解纱线4'(75D/24F碱溶性聚酯FDY)溶解，从而使带状织物a'和带状织物c'之间相互分离，形成5mm宽的带状织物。
(ⅵ)将排列在底布上的带状织物与底布一起在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以160℃、13米/分钟的速度进行烘干；
(ⅶ)带状织物与底布分离：将底布与带状织物间用来固定的缝纫线拆除，使其底布与带状织物分离，并使相邻带状织物彻底分离独立，即可。
本例所述可分离成带状织物的经编面料，在没有经过碱减量处理前，上述进行预缩等操作，可以清除面料中的油污，减少面料的预应力，使带状织物弹性更好，在湿热条件下经过定型机定型后，结构更稳定。
本例制成的成品带状织物的纬向密度为40个线圈/厘米，主要用作KN95标准口罩耳带。
本例制成的带状织物可以作为5mmKN95标准口罩耳带，其性能测试数据如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000004
实施例3
如图3所示，一种单针床经编机上编织的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，包括带状织物a"、带状织物c"、连接a"与c"两相邻带状织物的可消解单元b"(本例中带状织物a"与带状织物c"宽度相同)，带状织物a"与c"是由第一纱线1"、第二纱线2"、第三纱线3"沿经向编织而成，连接a"与c"两带状织物部分是由可消解连接纱4"沿经向编织而成，原料分别为：第一纱线1"：210D氨纶；第二纱线2"：75D/36F涤纶DTY；第三纱线3"：75D/36F涤纶DTY；可消解纱线4"：75D/36F碱溶性聚酯FDY；编织机型3梳28针经编机，工作幅宽为218英寸，编织密度为18个线圈/厘米，编织工艺如下
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000006
本例还提供一种带状织物的加工方法，所述加工方法包括：(ⅰ)采用上述制成的可分离成带状织物的经编面料作为起始原料；
(ⅱ)对步骤(ⅰ)制备的所述经编面料进行预缩处理：在90℃左右的水溶液中保温30分钟；
(ⅲ)经编面料高温定型：在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以180℃、20米/分钟速度定型；
(ⅳ)经编面料染色处理：分散染料：1％owf，染色酸：1g/L，匀染剂：0.5g/L.温度：130℃，时间30min；
(ⅴ)将经步骤(ⅳ)处理的经编面料脱水后与底布上下叠加，然后在面料上相隔一定距离用缝纫机将面料与底布缝纫固定在一起，避免在溶解两相邻带状织物间可消解连接纱线后相对位置发生变化而相互缠结在一起，利于带状织物的分离和定型烘干；本例中的底布要轻薄为宜，可为网眼面料；
(ⅵ)碱减量处理：使可消解连接纱4"溶解，而第一纱线1"、第二纱线2"、第三纱线3"不会被溶解，使得带状织物a"和带状织物c"之间相互分离，形成分别独立地叠加固定在所述底布上的带状织物。本例所述可分离成带状织物经编面料的碱减量处理处理工艺为：3％的液碱(NaOH)以1℃每分的升温速度，到110℃时保温60分钟，使可消解纱线4"(75D/36F碱溶聚酯FDY)溶解，从而使带状织物a"和带状织物c"之间相互分离，形成20mm宽的带状织物。
(ⅶ)将排列在底布上的带状织物与底布一起在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以160℃、17米/分钟的速度进行烘干；
(ⅷ)带状织物与底布分离：将底布与带状织物间用来固定的缝纫线拆除，使其底布与带状织物分离，并使相邻带状织物彻底分离独立，即可。
本例所述可分离成带状织物的经编面料，在没有经过碱减量处理前，上述进行预缩等操作，可以清除面料中的油污，减少面料的预应力，使带状织物弹性更好，在湿热条件下经过定型机定型后，结构更稳定。
本例制成的成品带状织物的纬向密度为38个线圈/厘米。主要用作弹力腰带；比如内裤、运动裤的弹性腰带。
本例制成的20mm宽度弹力腰带，其性能测试数据如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000007
实施例4
一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料，除了可以利用单针床经编机编织外，也可以利用双针床经编机编织，编织机型为RD6/1-24E双针床经编机，前针床梳栉GB1和GB2导纱梳栉编织带状织物面料正面，后针床梳栉GB5和GB6导纱梳栉编织带状织物面料反面，GB3导纱梳栉分别在前后两个针床编织，将正面和反面面料连接在起来。前针床GB2和后针床GB5导纱梳栉中包含两种纱线，一种是编织带状织物纱线，另一种是连接两相邻带状织物的碱溶性聚酯纱线，按照工艺设计要求的排列规律排列。
编织工艺如下：
前后两针床间隔的隔距为1.8mm，编织密度：15个线圈/厘米，纱线A；75D/36F涤纶DTY；纱线B；75D/24F碱溶性聚酯FDY；纱线C；210D/1F氨纶。
Figure PCTCN2020101238-appb-000008
本例还提供一种带状织物的加工方法，所述加工方法包括：(ⅰ)采用上述制成的可分离成带状织物的经编面料作为起始原料；
(ⅱ)对步骤(ⅰ)制备的所述经编面料进行预缩处理：在90℃左右的水溶液中保温30分钟；
(ⅲ)经编面料高温定型：在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以180℃、18米/分钟的速度定型；
(ⅳ)将经步骤(ⅲ)处理的经编面料与底布上下叠加，然后在面料上相隔一定距离用缝纫机将面料与底布缝纫固定在一起，避免在溶解两相邻带状织物间可消解连接纱线后相对位置发生变化而相互缠结在一起，利于带状织物的分离和定型烘干；本例中的底布要轻薄为宜，可为网眼面料；
(ⅴ)碱减量处理：3％的液碱(NaOH)以1℃每分的升温速度，到110℃时保温60分钟，纱线B(75D/24F碱溶聚酯FDY)溶解，从而使相邻的带状织物分离，形成5mm宽的带状织物。
(ⅵ)将排列在底布上的带状织物与底布一起在意大利UNITECH公司RED EV07/10K/240型拉幅烘干定型机上以160℃、13米/分钟的速度进行烘干；
(ⅶ)带状织物与底布分离：将底布与带状织物间用来固定的缝纫线拆除，使其底布与带状织物分离，并使相邻带状织物彻底分离独立，即可。
本例所述可分离成带状织物的经编面料，在没有经过碱减量处理前，上述进行预缩等操作，可以清除面料中的油污，减少面料的预应力，使带状织物弹性更好，在湿热条件下经过定型机定型后，结构更稳定。
本例制成的成品带状织物的纬向密度为38个线圈/厘米，主要用作KN95一次性口罩耳带。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述经编面料采用经编编织而成，所述经编面料包括至少一个可消解单元、至少两个经编编织单元，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间通过所述可消解单元连接；所述的经编编织单元为由至少一种纱线沿经向编织而形成的带状织物，所述可消解单元由能够通过物理和/或化学方法消解的可消解连接纱线沿经向编织而成；
    其中，所述带状织物采用至少两把导纱梳栉进行编织，编织所述带状织物的导纱梳栉中，其中至少有一把所述导纱梳栉的针背横移量满足使相邻两纵行线圈相互连接在一起，所述纵行线圈由所述纱线沿经向编织而成，且至少有一把所述导纱梳栉在一个完整花型循环范围内是成圈编织；
    编织所述带状织物的所述纱线为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维，或，氨纶纤维与聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维的组合；所述可消解连接纱线为碱溶性聚酯纱线；
    所述可消解连接纱线在相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织连接相邻所述带状织物；
    所述可消解连接纱线独立地卷绕在一组经轴上，然后独立地穿在一把导纱梳栉上；或，所述可消解连接纱线与编织所述带状织物的其中一种所述纱线卷绕在同一组经轴上，然后共同穿在同一把导纱梳栉上，所述的同一把导纱梳栉需满足在相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织来连接相邻所述带状织物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间有且仅由所述可消解单元连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述带状织物的宽度与每种所述纱线的根数成正比。
  4. 一种可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述经编面料采用经编编织而成，所述经编面料包括至少一个可消解单元、至少两个经编编织单元，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间通过所述可消解单元连接；其中，所述的经编编织单元为由至少一种纱线沿经向编织而形成的带状织物，所述可消解单元由能够通过物理和/或化学方法消解的可消解连接纱线沿经向编织而成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述带状织物采用至少两把导纱梳栉进行编织。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，编织所述带状织物的导纱梳栉中，其中至少有一把所述导纱梳栉的针背横移量满足使相邻两纵行线圈相互连接在一起，所述纵行线圈由所述纱线沿经向编织而成，且至少有一把所述导纱梳栉在一个完整花型循环范围内是成圈编织。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，两两相邻所述经编编织单元之间有且仅由所述可消解单元连接。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述带状织物的宽度与每种所述纱线的根数成正比。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，编织所述带状织物的所述纱线为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维，或，氨纶纤维与聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维的组合。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述可消解连接纱线在相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织连接相邻所述带状织物。
  11. 根据权利要求4或10所述的可分离成带状织物的经编面料，其特征在于，所述可消解连接纱线独立地卷绕在一组经轴上，然后独立地穿在一把导纱梳栉上；或，所述可消解连接纱线与编织所述带状织物的其中一种所述纱线卷绕在同一组经轴上，然后共同穿在同一把导纱梳栉上，所述的同一把导纱梳栉需满足在相邻织针或间隔多针间以交替成圈或者衬纬形式编织来连接相邻所述带状织物。
  12. 根据权利要求4或10所述的可分离成带状织物的面料，其特征在于，所述可消解连接纱线为碱溶性聚酯纱线。
  13. 一种带状织物，其特征在于，所述带状织物通过将权利要求1-12中任一项所述的可分离成带状织物的面料经过物理和/或化学方法消解掉所述可消解连接纱线而得，所述带状织物包括口罩耳带、各种服装用的带状辅料。
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