WO2022004468A1 - 複合顔料、それを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物、および成形体 - Google Patents
複合顔料、それを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物、および成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022004468A1 WO2022004468A1 PCT/JP2021/023442 JP2021023442W WO2022004468A1 WO 2022004468 A1 WO2022004468 A1 WO 2022004468A1 JP 2021023442 W JP2021023442 W JP 2021023442W WO 2022004468 A1 WO2022004468 A1 WO 2022004468A1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
- C09C1/64—Aluminium
- C09C1/648—Aluminium treated with inorganic and organic, e.g. polymeric, compounds
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/405—Compounds of aluminium containing combined silica, e.g. mica
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/06—Treatment with inorganic compounds
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/12—Treatment with organosilicon compounds
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- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/85—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by XPS, EDX or EDAX data
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- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/63—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values a* (red-green axis)
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/64—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values b* (yellow-blue axis)
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- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/65—Chroma (C*)
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/12—Adsorbed ingredients, e.g. ingredients on carriers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite pigment, a thermoplastic resin composition containing the composite pigment, and a molded product.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a composite pigment (colored aluminum pigment) obtained by adhering a colored pigment to the surface of scaly aluminum particles.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composite pigment having excellent water resistance and suppressing peeling of the pigment from the substrate particles.
- a composite pigment comprising a base material particles and a pigment layer provided on the surface of the base material particles.
- the pigment layer contains a pigment, a resin and a metal oxide
- the pigment layer contains a pigment, a resin and a metal oxide.
- the metal oxide is a composite pigment containing at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxides, polysiloxanes, and composites thereof.
- the resin is a radical polymer of at least one of a monomer and an oligomer, and at least one of the monomer and the oligomer has two or more polymerizable double bonds. Pigment.
- the composite pigment of the present invention has excellent water resistance as compared with the conventional composite pigment to which a coloring pigment is attached. Further, by immobilizing the pigment on the surface of the base particles with the resin and further imparting heat resistance and mechanical strength to the resin with the metal oxide, the base particles of the pigment at the time of kneading at a high temperature can be used. Can suppress peeling (falling off). Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thermoplastic resin composition containing a composite pigment in which peeling of the pigment from the substrate particles is suppressed when the composite pigment is used in the production of a molded product or the like. This makes it possible to reduce the saturation of the molded product obtained by using the composite pigment, suppress the variation in color tone, and the like.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows the composite pigment of an embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the enlarged cross section in the example of the composite pigment of an embodiment.
- A) is an optical micrograph of the surface of a molded product obtained by using the composite pigment of Example 1.
- B) is an optical micrograph of the surface of a molded product obtained by using the composite pigment of Comparative Example 1.
- A) is an SEM photograph (reference photograph) showing a cross section of an example of the composite pigment of the embodiment.
- (B) is an SEM photograph (comparative reference photograph) showing a cross section of an example of a composite pigment different from the embodiment.
- A) is a BF-STEM image showing a cross section near the surface of the composite pigment of Example 1.
- FIG. (B) is a HAADF-STEM image showing a cross section near the surface of the composite pigment of the same Example 1. It is a partially enlarged image of the region (I) of FIG. It is a partially enlarged image of the region (II) of FIG. It is a partially enlarged image of FIG. 7. It is a partially enlarged image of the region (III) of FIG. It is a partially enlarged image of FIG. (A) is a HAADF-STEM image having almost the same field of view as FIG. 7 (b).
- (B) to (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same visual field as in FIG. 7. (Note that, in FIGS. 11 to 13 and FIGS.
- FIG. 16 (b) to (h) are images showing the distribution of C, N, O, Al, Si, Cl, and Cu, respectively.)
- (A) is the same image as in FIG. 8 (b).
- (B) to (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG. (A) is the same image as in FIG. 10 (b).
- (B) to (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG. It is a partially enlarged image of the region (IV) of FIG. It is a partially enlarged image of FIG. (A) is the same image as in FIG. 15 (b).
- (B) to (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG.
- the composite pigment 1 includes a base particle 2 and a pigment layer 3 provided on the surface of the base particle 2.
- the pigment layer 3 contains a pigment, a resin and a metal oxide.
- the metal oxide includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxides, polysiloxanes, and composites thereof.
- the pigment layer 3 is composed of a plurality of particles in which the pigment 3a is coated with the resin 3b, and the plurality of particles.
- a metal oxide (not shown) is attached to the surface 3c of the above.
- the composite of the resin and the metal oxide is interposed between the plurality of pigments. Since the resin 3b contained in the pigment layer 3 has a three-dimensional crosslinked structure, it is unlikely to melt even when heated, and further, it exists in the pigment layer 3 together with the resin 3b (for example, the surface of the resin 3b).
- the metal oxide improves water resistance.
- the mechanical strength is also improved, it is possible to prevent the pigment from peeling off (falling off) from the surface of the substrate particles when the composite pigment is added to the resin and kneaded, or when the composite pigment is added to the paint and stirred. It also has the effect of being able to do it.
- a layer 30 containing only the pigment is formed in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate particles 2.
- a layer 31 made of a metal oxide and a resin is formed on the surface of the layer 30.
- the pigment-only layer 30 becomes brittle. Therefore, when the thermoplastic resin and the composite pigment are kneaded at a high temperature, the pigment is peeled off from the base particles and released into the thermoplastic resin.
- the photograph of FIG. 4 is a photograph of the composite pigment 1 present in the thermoplastic resin 4.
- the pigment layer 3 in which the pigment, the resin and the metal oxide are mixed on the surface of the base particle 2 is formed. Is formed.
- the water-resistant pigment layer itself can be used as the outermost layer, and a composite pigment having high water resistance can be obtained while maintaining the saturation.
- thermoplastic resin and the composite pigment are kneaded at a high temperature. This makes it possible to reduce the saturation of the molded product obtained by using the composite pigment, suppress the variation in color tone, and the like.
- the base particle is a particle that is a base material of the composite pigment. It is preferable that at least the surface of the base particles has a brilliant property.
- the base particles having brilliance include metal flakes such as aluminum, titanium, copper, brass, and stainless steel, as well as natural mica, synthetic mica, alumina flakes, and glass flakes.
- the present invention is particularly effective when the substrate particles are aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is prone to gas generation problems.
- the base particles particles that have been treated to be water resistant with a phosphorus compound, a molybdenum compound, or the like, or particles coated with a resin, a metal oxide, or the like may be used.
- the shape of the base particle is not particularly limited, but is particularly preferably flake-shaped, scale-shaped, disk-shaped, elliptical-shaped, or the like.
- the size of the base particle is not particularly limited, but for example, particles having a D50 of 1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m in the volume distribution by the laser diffraction method can be preferably used.
- the pigment layer is provided on the surface of the substrate particles.
- the pigment may be directly fixed to the surface of the base material particles, or may be indirectly fixed to the base material particles via an adhesive component such as a resin.
- the pigment layer contains pigments, resins and metal oxides.
- the pigment layer 3 is preferably composed of a matrix (three-dimensional crosslinked structure) composed of particles of the resin 3b containing the pigment 3a and a metal oxide adhering to the surface 3c thereof. ..
- the pigment various known pigments exhibiting a color tone can be used.
- the color tone is not particularly limited, and is not particularly limited, and may be any of chromatic (chromatic color), white, black, and the like, and may be opaque or translucent, or may be transparent.
- the pigment is not particularly limited, but is, for example, organic such as diketopyrrolopyrrole type, quinacridone type, dioxazine type, isoindolenone type, condensed azo type, slene type, perinone type, perylene type, quinophthalone type, phthalocyanine type and the like.
- Pigments and inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and carbon black can be mentioned.
- the pigment in this embodiment is a compound different from the metal oxide described later.
- organic pigments include phthalocyanine, halogenated phthalocyanine, quinacridone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindolenone, azomethine metal complex, indanslon, perylene, perinone, anthraquinone, dioxazine, benzoimidazolone, condensed azo, and triphenyl.
- organic pigments include methane, quinophthalone, anthrapyrimidine, and aniline black.
- the inorganic pigment include iron oxide, ultramarine, navy blue, cobalt blue, chrome green, bismuth vanadium acid, composite oxide fired pigment, carbon black, titanium black, titanium oxide, and ultrafine titanium oxide.
- the average thickness of the pigment layer on the surface of the substrate particles on one side is preferably 1 nm to 5 ⁇ m. If the average thickness of the pigment layer is less than 1 nm, the composite pigment may not be colored to the extent that it exhibits sufficient design. Further, when the average thickness of the pigment layer exceeds 5 ⁇ m, the pigment layer tends to be easily peeled off, and the hiding power of the composite pigment per unit mass tends to decrease.
- the average thickness of the pigment layer can be measured by an electron microscope with the cross section exposed by ion milling while being embedded in the resin.
- the resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably a radical polymer of at least one of a monomer and an oligomer. At least one of the monomers and oligomers preferably has two or more polymerizable double bonds. In this case, a three-dimensionally crosslinked resin (resin matrix) is efficiently formed, which is advantageous in that heat resistance is improved.
- the composition of the resin and the like will be described in detail in "Method for Producing Composite Pigment" described later.
- the amount of the resin is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the amount of the pigment layer can be suppressed from peeling from the base particles and the pigment layer is composed of a porous matrix. Specifically, the amount of the resin is preferably 5 to 100% by mass, more preferably 10 to 70% by mass, based on the total amount of the pigment and the binder.
- the metal oxide can be attached to the surface including the voids thereof, so that the metal oxide efficiently improves the heat resistance and mechanical strength of the pigment layer. Can be improved. Therefore, the pigment layer is preferably porous.
- the specific surface area of the pigment layer is preferably 10 to 100 m 2 / g, more preferably 15 to 90 m 2 / g.
- the pigment layer further contains a metal oxide in the composite pigment of the present embodiment.
- the metal oxide is present in the pigment layer in combination with the pigment and the resin. Since the metal oxide has heat resistance and mechanical strength, it protects the pigment layer from thermal deformation and mechanical stress of the protective layer even when heated and kneaded during molding, and the pigment layer is applied to the surface of the base material. Can be fastened. That is, the metal oxide has an effect of suppressing the pigment layer from peeling off from the base material and being liberated into the thermoplastic resin.
- the metal oxide contains at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, polysiloxane, and a composite thereof.
- the metal oxide is preferably colorless so as not to inhibit the color development by the pigment. Silicon oxides, polysiloxanes, and composites thereof are superior in terms of transparency, safety, and production cost.
- the metal oxide may contain components other than silicon oxide, polysiloxane, and a composite thereof, and in that case, the constituent material of the metal oxide is not particularly limited, but Al and Si. , Ti, Cr, Zr, Mo and Ce, an oxide or hydroxide of at least one element selected from the group is preferably used.
- the metal oxide may contain hydrated water as long as the effect of the present embodiment is not impaired.
- silicon oxide and the complex (condensate) of silicon oxide and polysiloxane are oxides of Si.
- polysiloxane means a compound in which an organosilicon compound is condensed by a siloxane bond.
- the metal oxide is preferably amorphous. This is because if it is crystalline, it becomes hard but brittle, and in applications where mechanical stress is applied, it may crack and the water resistance may decrease.
- One aspect of the method for producing a composite pigment of the present embodiment mainly includes the following pigment adhesion step and pigment layer forming step.
- the pigment adhesion step is a step of adhering a pigment to the surface of a plurality of base particles.
- the pigment may be directly fixed to the surface of the base material particles, or may be indirectly fixed to the base material particles via an adhesive component such as a resin.
- the method for adhering the pigment to the surface of the base particle is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be used.
- the pigment can be attached to the surface of the base particles by adding a carboxylic acid and / or an amine compound as a binder to the base particles and the pigment (coloring pigment) and kneading them.
- the binder is preferably a mixture of a carboxylic acid and an amine compound.
- the carboxylic acid preferably has two or more carboxyl groups.
- the amine compound preferably has two or more amino groups.
- the amount of such a binder depends on the type of pigment and the particle size, but in order to make the pigment layer porous, it is preferably 50 parts by mass or less, and 40 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the pigment. Is more preferable.
- the ratio of the amount of the pigment to the total amount of the composite pigment is preferably 10 to 60% by mass, more preferably 15 to 50% by mass.
- voids are present between the pigments adhering to the surface of the substrate particles, and the resin and the metal oxide enter the voids, and it becomes easy to form a pigment layer composed of the pigment, the resin and the metal oxide. ..
- Pigment layer forming step a pigment layer containing a pigment, a resin and a metal oxide is formed.
- a pigment layer containing a pigment adhering to the surface of the substrate particles, a metal oxide, and a resin having a three-dimensional crosslinked structure is formed.
- the following method can be preferably adopted.
- the base particles to which the pigment obtained in the coloring step is attached are dispersed in a hydrocarbon solvent or an alcohol solvent (preferably a hydrocarbon solvent).
- a monomer and / or an oligomer and a radical polymerization initiator are added to the obtained slurry and heated while stirring to proceed with the radical polymerization, whereby the resin is applied to the surface of the substrate particles to which the pigment is attached. Precipitate.
- radical polymerization initiator examples include benzoyl peroxide, isobutyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, and azobisisovaleronitrile.
- the amount of the radical polymerization initiator added is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer and / or oligomer.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere (for example, an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon).
- the temperature of the polymerization reaction is preferably 50 to 150 ° C, more preferably 70 to 110 ° C.
- the time of the polymerization reaction is preferably 30 minutes or more and 30 hours or less.
- the above-mentioned monomers and oligomers are not particularly limited, and are, for example, acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, and 2 acrylate.
- Nonandiol Diacrylate Neopentyl Glycol Diacrylate, Tripropylene Glycol Diacrylate, Tetraethylene Glycol Diacrylate, Trimethylol Propanetriacrylate, Trimethylol Propanetrimethacrylate, Tetramethylol Methantetraacrylate, Pentaerythritol Triacrylate, Trisacrylate Loxyethyl phosphate, ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene, acrylic nitrile
- At least one of the monomers and oligomers has two or more polymerizable double bonds.
- a three-dimensionally crosslinked resin resin matrix
- the resin is a metal oxide described later. Firmly bonds with and improves heat resistance.
- the base particles coated with a resin matrix or the like containing the pigment are dispersed in a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly specified, but any solvent may be used as long as it does not interfere with the precipitation of metal oxides by the sol-gel method. Examples thereof include alcohol-based, glycol ether-based, and hydrocarbon-based solvents.
- a metal compound as a raw material for a metal oxide and water are added to the obtained slurry, and hydrolysis is carried out using an acid or a base as a catalyst to precipitate the metal oxide.
- a pigment layer formed by combining a resin containing a pigment and a metal oxide is formed.
- the metal oxide is preferably fixed to the surface 3c of the matrix composed of particles of the resin 3b containing the pigment 3a, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the blending amount of the metal compound should be 2.0 to 45.0% by mass (as the solid content after the TEOS reaction) with respect to the total amount of the pigment and the binder. It is more preferably 3.0 to 35.0% by mass (as a solid content after the TEOS reaction).
- a known hydrolyzable metal compound can be used without particular limitation.
- metal compounds include alkoxides of Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Zr, Mo and Ce, chlorides, carboxylates and acetylacetonate complexes.
- specific examples of the metal compound include tetraethoxysilane (TEOS).
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present embodiment contains the above-mentioned composite pigment and the thermoplastic resin.
- the molded product of the present embodiment contains the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present embodiment can be melted by heating and molded into a desired shape when the molded product is manufactured.
- thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, but for example, at least one resin selected from polyethylene, ABS, polycarbonate and the like can be used.
- the amount of the thermoplastic resin in the thermoplastic resin composition is not particularly limited, but for example, when the thermoplastic resin composition is used as a master batch (solid additive for plastics), 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin is used. On the other hand, it is preferable that the amount of the composite pigment is 20 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less. If it is less than 20 parts by mass, the coloring power is weak and a desired design may not be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 200 parts by mass, it becomes difficult to use it as a masterbatch.
- the amount of the composite pigment is 0.01 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. If it is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the coloring power is weak and the desired design may not be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30 parts by mass, the mechanical strength of the molded product tends to be significantly reduced.
- thermoplastic resin composition is not particularly limited as long as it is a composition containing the above-mentioned composite pigment and the thermoplastic resin, and is, for example, a powder such as a compound or a masterbatch, a paint, an ink, a cosmetic, or the like.
- the composition containing the above-mentioned solvent is also included in the thermoplastic resin composition.
- Example 1 [Preparation of substrate particles] Put 600 mL of mineral spirit in a three-necked flask, and add 286.0 g of aluminum flake pigment (trade name: "CS460", metal content 70% by mass, average particle size 16 ⁇ m, manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.) as a base material, and diaside. 1550 (manufactured by Harima Kasei Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 100 ° C., cooled to room temperature, and filtered to perform degreasing. As a result, degreased aluminum flakes (solid content 70% by mass) used as base particles were obtained.
- aluminum flake pigment trade name: "CS460", metal content 70% by mass, average particle size 16 ⁇ m, manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.
- 1550 manufactured by Harima Kasei Co., Ltd.
- the surface of the base particle is coated with a pigment and a resin having a crosslinked structure of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and divinylbenzene (resin-coated particles). ) was obtained.
- the amount of the resin (trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and divinylbenzene) used here is 29.4% by mass with respect to the total amount of the pigment and the binder.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- TEOS tetraethoxysilane
- Example 2 A composite pigment was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of TEOS was changed to 7 g (3.7% by mass with respect to the total amount of the pigment and the binder) in the metal oxide adhesion step.
- Example 3 A composite pigment was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of TEOS was changed to 15 g (8.0% by mass with respect to the total amount of the pigment and the binder) in the metal oxide adhesion step.
- Comparative Example 1 A composite pigment of Comparative Example 1 in which a layer consisting only of a pigment and a resin was formed on the surface of the base material particles was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the metal oxide adhering step was omitted.
- Comparative Example 2 In the resin coating step, the resin material used was changed to 1.0 g of acrylic acid, 120.0 g of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 30 g of divinylbenzene, and 5.0 g of azobisisobutyronitrile.
- the composite pigment of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above points.
- a layer made of a composite of a pigment, a resin and a metal oxide was not formed, and the layer made of the resin pigment and the resin and the layer of the metal oxide were separated. It existed.
- Example 1 10 g of each composite pigment was measured as a solid content in a PP (prepropylene) cup, and 20 g of thinner (manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd., trade name: nax Admira 500 Standard Thinner) was weighed and stirred well with a spatula. 110 g of clear (clear for correction of nax Admira 280 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer at 500 rpm for 5 minutes. 110 g of the thinner mentioned above and 10 g of nax multi (10: 1) # 20 hardener were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred well to prepare a test paint.
- PP prepropylene
- the intermediate-coated steel sheet [base material (iron), electrodeposition layer (zinc-treated layer), intermediate coating (chipping resistance) layer, base coat layer (for base concealment and decoration) and top coat layer ( Using a spray gun (manufactured by Anest Iwata, trade name: W-101-134G) on one surface of the steel plate having the protective layer of the base coat in this order, the dry film thickness is 13 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the above test paint was applied and dried at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- c * value which is an index of saturation, was calculated by the following formula (1) from the measured values of the chromaticity (a * value and b * value) at the color measurement angle of 15 °.
- c * (a * 2 + b * 2 ) 1/2 (1)
- FI value the measurement angle of 15 °, 45 ° and 110 ° L * 15 ° is L * value (lightness) in case of, from the measured values of L * 110 ° and L * 45 °, the following equation ( Calculated according to 2). Since the visual metallic feeling is felt as the shadow difference between the front view and the tilted view is larger, the FI value is considered to have a correlation with the visual metallic feeling.
- the gas generation amount of the composite pigments of Examples 1 to 3 was significantly smaller than that of Comparative Example 1. It is considered that this is because in Examples 1 to 3, the peeling of the pigment layer from the surface of the base material was suppressed, and the gas generation due to the deterioration reaction of the base material particles was suppressed. On the other hand, in the composite pigment of Comparative Example 1, it is considered that the pigment layer was peeled off from the surface of the base material and hydrogen gas was generated by the deterioration reaction of the base material particles.
- the composite pigments of Examples 1 to 3 were compared with the composite pigments of Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the FI value and the C * value are high and the color tone is excellent.
- the pigment layer of Examples 1 to 3 is a layer in which a resin obtained by polymerizing a monomer and an oligomer containing one or more monomers or oligomers having two or more polymerizable double bonds and a metal oxide are composited. Therefore, it is considered that the reduction in the saturation of the dried paint (molded body) and the variation in color tone were suppressed.
- the resin material of Comparative Example 2 since the resin and silica were in the respective layers, it is considered that the pigment layer was easily peeled off and the saturation of the dried product (molded product) of the paint was reduced.
- ⁇ Test Example 3> The composite pigments of each Example and Comparative Example were blended in an amount of 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a transparent ABS resin (product name "CL-430" manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd.) and kneaded at 230 ° C. for thermoplasticity. A resin composition was obtained. Using the obtained resin composition, the cylinder temperature was set to the nozzle part 230 ° C, the front part 230 ° C, the middle part 225 ° C, the rear part 220 ° C, and the mold temperature by the injection molding machine "FE80S12ASE” (manufactured by Nissei Resin Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the temperature was set to 60 ° C., and injection molding was performed into a plate mold (50 mm ⁇ 80 mm ⁇ 3 mm) to obtain a molded product.
- the FI (flip-flop index) value and C * value (saturation) of the obtained molded product were measured using a multi-angle spectrophotometer (MA68 manufactured by X-Rite).
- the composite pigments of Examples 1 to 3 were compared with the composite pigments of Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the FI value and C * value are high and the color tone is excellent. This is because the resin materials of Examples 1 to 3 are radical polymers, and at least one of the monomers and oligomers has two or more polymerizable double bonds, so that the color of the dried product (molded body) of the paint is colored. It is considered that the reduction of the degree and the variation of the color tone were suppressed.
- FIG. 3A is a photograph of the surface of the molded body obtained by using the composite pigment of Example 1 at a magnification of 1000 times using an optical microscope (“Digital Microscope VHX-6000”, manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION). It is a photograph.
- FIG. 3B is a photograph of the surface of the molded product obtained by using the composite pigment of Comparative Example 1 in the same manner.
- the white portion is a portion where the pigment layer is peeled off from the surface of the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment of Example 1 in which silica (metal oxide) is contained in the pigment layer (between the pigments) is more metal-oxidized in the pigment layer. It can be seen that the peeling of the pigment from the surface of the substrate particles (aluminum flakes) is suppressed as compared with the composite pigment of Comparative Example 1 containing no substance.
- TEM image> TEM (transmission electron microscope) images taken for Example 1 are shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, 14 and 15. In each figure, (a) is a BF-STEM image and (b) is a HAADF-STEM image. Further, STEM-EDX (scanning transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray analysis) images taken for Example 1 are shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 and 16.
- FIG. 5A is a BF-STEM (bright-field scanning transmission electron microscope) image showing a cross section near the surface of the composite pigment of the example.
- B is a HAADF-STEM (high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope) image showing a cross section near the surface of the composite pigment of the same example.
- the acceleration voltage was 200 kV.
- FIG. 6 is a partially magnified image of the region (I) of FIG. In FIG. 6, the portion described as “aluminum flakes” is aluminum flakes (base particle).
- FIG. 7 is a partially magnified image of the region (II) of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged image of FIG. 7.
- FIG. 9 is a partially magnified image of the region (III) of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a partially magnified image of FIG. 11 (a) is a HAADF-STEM image having almost the same field of view as FIG. 7 (b).
- 11 (b) to 11 (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same visual field as in FIG. 7.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 and 16 are images showing the distribution of C, N, O, Al, Si, Cl, and Cu, respectively, and are white portions in the figure. Is the region where each element exists.
- FIG. 12 (a) is the same image as in FIG.
- FIG. 8 (b). 12 (b) to 12 (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG. 13 (a) is the same image as FIG. 10 (b).
- 13 (b) to 13 (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a partially magnified image of the region (IV) of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged image of FIG. 16 (a) is the same image as FIG. 15 (b).
- 16 (b) to 16 (h) are STEM-EDX images in the same field of view as in FIG.
- Table 2 shows the results of measuring the specific surface area (SSA) of the composite pigments of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- Table 2 also shows the SSA measurement results of the pre-pigment aluminum pigment (CS460).
- the specific surface area (SSA) was measured by Macsorb (registered trademark) HM model-1200 (manufactured by Mountech Co., Ltd.).
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Abstract
Description
前記顔料層は、顔料、樹脂および金属酸化物を含有し、
前記金属酸化物は、ケイ素酸化物、ポリシロキサン、および、これらの複合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、複合顔料。
〔2〕 前記樹脂は、モノマーおよびオリゴマーの少なくともいずれかのラジカル重合物であり、前記モノマーおよび前記オリゴマーの少なくとも1種は2つ以上の重合性二重結合を有する、〔1〕に記載の複合顔料。
〔3〕 前記基材粒子は、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ガラス、アルミナ、およびマイカからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の複合顔料。
〔4〕 前記顔料層は多孔質である、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の複合顔料。
〔5〕 前記顔料層の比表面積は、10~100m2/gである、〔4〕に記載の複合顔料。
〔6〕 〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の複合顔料を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
〔7〕 〔6〕に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物からなる成形体。
また、基材粒子の表面において、樹脂によって顔料を固定化し、さらに金属酸化物によって樹脂に耐熱性および機械的強度を付与することにより、高温での混練時等の際における顔料の基材粒子からの剥離(脱落)を抑制できる。したがって、本発明によれば、成形体の製造等における複合顔料の使用時において、顔料の基材粒子からの剥離が抑制された複合顔料を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物を提供することができる。
これにより、複合顔料を用いて得られる成形体の彩度の低減、色調のバラつき等を抑制することができる。
図1を参照して、本実施形態の複合顔料は、複合顔料1は、基材粒子2と、基材粒子2の表面に設けられた顔料層3とを備える。
顔料層3に含まれる樹脂3bは、3次元架橋構造を有しているため、加熱しても溶融を起こしにくく、さらに、樹脂3bと共に顔料層3中(例えば、樹脂3bの表面)に存在する金属酸化物によって、耐水性が向上する。また、機械的強度も向上しているため、複合顔料を樹脂に加えてを混練する際や、塗料に加えて撹拌する際に、顔料が基材粒子の表面から剥離(脱落)することを抑制できるという効果も有する。
基材粒子とは、複合顔料の基材となる粒子である。基材粒子は、少なくともその表面が光輝性を有することが好ましい。
基材粒子が、ガス発生の問題が起こりやすいアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金の場合、本発明は特に有効である。
なお、基材粒子としては、リン化合物、モリブデン化合物などにより耐水化処理された粒子や、樹脂、金属酸化物等で被覆された粒子を使用してもよい。
顔料層は基材粒子の表面に設けられる。なお、顔料(着色顔料)は、基材粒子の表面に直接固着されていてもよく、樹脂等の接着成分を介して間接的に基材粒子に固着されていてもよい。
図2を参照して、顔料層3は、顔料3aを包含する樹脂3bの粒子からなるマトリックス(3次元架橋構造)と、その表面3cに付着した金属酸化物と、から構成されることが好ましい。
顔料としては、色調を呈する種々公知の顔料を使用することができる。色調は、特に限定されず、特に限定されず、有色(有彩色)、白色、黒色等のいずれでもよく、不透明または半透明であってもよく、透明であってもよい。
樹脂としては、特に限定されないが、モノマーおよびオリゴマーの少なくともいずれかのラジカル重合物であることが好ましい。モノマーおよびオリゴマーの少なくとも1種は2つ以上の重合性二重結合を有することが好ましい。この場合、3次元架橋された樹脂(樹脂マトリックス)が効率よく形成され、耐熱性が向上する点で有利である。
なお、樹脂の組成等については、後述の「複合顔料の製造方法」において詳述する。
金属酸化物は、顔料層内に顔料および樹脂と混在して存在する。金属酸化物は、耐熱性および機械的強度を有するため、成型の際に加熱、混練されても保護層の熱変形や機械的なストレスから顔料層を保護し、顔料層を基材の表面に留めることができる。すなわち、金属酸化物は、顔料層が基材から剥がれて熱可塑性樹脂に遊離してしまうことを抑制する作用を有する。
本実施形態の複合顔料の製造方法の一態様について、以下に説明する。
本実施形態の複合顔料の製造方法の一態様は、主に、下記の顔料付着工程と顔料層形成工程とを備える。
顔料付着工程は、複数の基材粒子の表面に顔料を付着させる工程である。なお、顔料(着色顔料)は、基材粒子の表面に直接固着されていてもよく、樹脂等の接着成分を介して間接的に基材粒子に固着されていてもよい。
顔料層形成工程では、顔料、樹脂および金属酸化物を含有する顔料層を形成する。例えば、基材粒子の表面に付着した顔料と、金属酸化物および3次元架橋構造を有する樹脂と、を含む顔料層を形成する。
まず、着色工程で得られた顔料が付着した基材粒子を、炭化水素系溶媒またはアルコール系溶媒(好ましくは炭化水素系溶媒)中に分散させる。次に、得られたスラリーに、モノマーおよび/またはオリゴマーとラジカル重合開始剤とを添加し、撹拌させながら加熱してラジカル重合を進行させることで、顔料が付着した基材粒子の表面に樹脂を析出させる。
本実施形態の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、上記の複合顔料と、熱可塑性樹脂と、を含む。
また、本実施形態の成形体は、上記の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を含む。
[基材粒子の調製]
三ツ口フラスコにミネラルスピリット600mLを入れ、これに基材としてアルミニウムフレーク顔料(商品名:「CS460」、金属分70質量%、平均粒径16μm、東洋アルミニウム株式会社製)を286.0g、およびダイアシッド1550(ハリマ化成株式会社製)40.0gを加え、100℃にて加熱および攪拌した後、常温まで冷却し、これを濾過することにより、脱脂を行なった。これにより、基材粒子として用いられる脱脂処理されたアルミニウムフレーク(固形分70質量%)を得た。
次に、以下の材料を混練機に投入し、80℃で1時間攪拌した。
脱脂処理されたアルミニウムフレーク(基材粒子):200.0g(固形分として)
ミネラルスピリット(非極性溶媒):400mL
青色顔料(LIONOL BLUE 7185-PM、トーヨーカラー株式会社製):150.0g
脂肪族ジカルボン酸(ダイアシッド1550、ハリマ化成株式会社製):10.0g
ヒンダートアミン(アデカスタブLA-67、株式会社ADEKA製):10.0g
これにより、顔料および樹脂が表面に付着したアルミニウムフレーク(顔料被覆粒子)を含有するスラリーを得た。
次に、三ツ口フラスコ内のミネラルスピリット1000mLに、得られた顔料被覆粒子を含有するスラリー全量を加え、さらにアクリル酸1.0gを添加して、それらを攪拌した。さらに、三ツ口フラスコ内に、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート40.0g、ジビニルベンゼン10.0gおよびアゾビスイソブチロニトリル5.0gをそれぞれミネラルスピリット150mLに溶解した液を添加して、窒素を吹き込みながら混合物を100℃で6時間撹拌した。その後、常温まで冷却されたスラリーを濾過することにより、基材粒子の表面が、顔料、および、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの架橋構造を有する樹脂によって被覆されてなる粒子(樹脂被覆粒子)を得た。
なお、ここで使用した樹脂(トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレートおよびジビニルベンゼン)の量は、顔料およびバインダーの合計量に対して29.4質量%である。
得られた樹脂被覆粒子(固形分100g、金属分47.6g)を三ツ口フラスコ内のイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)1000mLに分散させてなるスラリーを調製し、該スラリーを50℃に昇温した。昇温後のスラリーに水30gを加え、適量のモノエタノールアミンを加えることにより、スラリーのpHを8.5に調整した。
金属酸化物付着工程においてTEOSの量を7g(顔料およびバインダーの合計量に対して3.7質量%)に変更した点以外は、実施例1と同様にして複合顔料を得た。
金属酸化物付着工程においてTEOSの量を15g(顔料およびバインダーの合計量に対して8.0質量%)に変更した点以外は、実施例1と同様にして複合顔料を得た。
金属酸化物付着工程を省略した点以外は実施例1と同様にして、基材粒子の表面に顔料と樹脂のみからなる層が形成されてなる比較例1の複合顔料を得た。
樹脂被覆工程において、使用する樹脂材料を、アクリル酸1.0g、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート120.0g、ジビニルベンゼン30g、および、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル5.0gに変更した。それ以外の点は実施例1と同様にして、比較例2の複合顔料を得た。
なお、得られた比較例2の複合顔料では、顔料、樹脂および金属酸化物の複合体からなる層が形成されず、樹脂顔料および樹脂からなる層と、金属酸化物の層とが分離して存在していた。これは、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート(重合性二重結合を有するモノマー)の量が多すぎると、多孔性の樹脂マトリックスが形成されず、金属酸化物が樹脂マトリックス内に侵入できなかったためであると考えられる。
実施例1の樹脂被覆工程時において、窒素を吹き込む前のスラリーに、疎水性フュームドシリカ(AEROSIL(登録商標)R972、日本アエロジル株式会社製)8.4g(TEOS 30gの固形分に相当する)を添加してから、反応をスタートさせた。
しかし、反応途中でスラリーが増粘したため、反応を停止した。スラリーの増粘は、遊離したフュームドシリカにより系内の粒子数が著しく増加し、構造粘性を伴ったためであると考えられる。
各複合顔料をPP(プリプロピレン)製カップに固形分として10g測り取り、そこへシンナー(日本ペイント株式会社製、商品名:naxアドミラ 500 スタンダードシンナー)を20g測り入れスパチュラで良くかき混ぜた。そこへクリヤー(日本ペイント株式会社製、naxアドミラ 280 補正用クリヤー)を110g加え、攪拌機で500rpmで5分撹拌した。そこへ前述のシンナーを110gとnaxマルチ(10:1)#20ハードナーを10gを入れ、良くかき混ぜることで、試験用塗料を調製した。
c*=(a*2+b*2)1/2 (1)
上記実施例および比較例で作製されたサンプルを固形分で25g測り取り、ブチルセロソルブ90gを加えスラリーにする。そこへ水90gを加え、適量の10%ジメチルアミノエタノール水溶液を加えて、pHを10.5に調整した。
このスラリー200gを測り取り、40℃に維持されたガス発生試験機内で96時間放置した。その際に発生した水素ガス量を測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
各実施例および比較例の複合顔料を、透明ABS樹脂(製品名「CL-430」デンカ株式会社製)100重量部に対して固形分で1重量部配合し、230℃で混練して熱可塑性樹脂組成物を得た。得られた樹脂組成物を用い、射出成形機「FE80S12ASE」(日精樹脂工業株式会社製)により、シリンダー温度をノズル部230℃、前部230℃、中間部225℃、後部220℃、金型温度60℃とし、プレート型(50mm×80mm×3mm)に射出成形し、成型体を得た。得られた成形体を多角度分光測色計(X-Rite社製、MA68)を用いて、FI(フリップフロップインデックス)値およびC*値(彩度)を測定した。
実施例1について撮影したTEM(透過型電子顕微鏡)像を図5~図10、図14および図15に示す。各図において、(a)はBF-STEM像であり、(b)はHAADF-STEM像である。
また、実施例1について撮影したSTEM-EDX(走査透過型電子顕微鏡-エネルギー分散型X線分析)像を図11~図13および図16に示す。
図6は、図5の領域(I)の部分拡大像である。図6において、「アルミフレーク」と記載された部分が、アルミニウムフレーク(基材粒子)である。
図7は、図6の領域(II)の部分拡大像である。図8は、図7の部分拡大像である。
図9は、図6の領域(III)の部分拡大像である。図10は、図9の部分拡大像である。
図11(a)は、図7(b)とほぼ同じ視野のHAADF-STEM像である。図11(b)~(h)は、図7とほぼ同じ視野におけるSTEM-EDX像である。なお、図11~図13および図16において、(b)~(h)は、それぞれC、N、O、Al、Si、Cl、およびCuの分布を示す像であり、図中の白色の部分が各元素の存在する領域である。
図12(a)は、図8(b)と同じ像である。図12(b)~(h)は、図8と同じ視野におけるSTEM-EDX像である。
図13(a)は、図10(b)と同じ像である。図13(b)~(h)は、図10と同じ視野におけるSTEM-EDX像である。
図14は、図6の領域(IV)の部分拡大像である。
図15は、図14の部分拡大像である。
図16(a)は、図15(b)と同じ像である。図16(b)~(h)は、図15と同じ視野におけるSTEM-EDX像である。
なお、実施例1および比較例1の複合顔料の比表面積(SSA)の測定した結果を表2に示す。なお、参考として、顔料付着前アルミ顔料(CS460)のSSAの測定結果を併せて表2に示す。ここで、比表面積(SSA)はMacsorb(登録商標)HM model-1200 (株式会社マウンテック製により測定した。
Claims (7)
- 基材粒子と、前記基材粒子の表面に設けられた顔料層と、を備える複合顔料であって、
前記顔料層は、顔料、樹脂および金属酸化物を含有し、
前記金属酸化物は、ケイ素酸化物、ポリシロキサン、および、これらの複合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、複合顔料。 - 前記樹脂は、モノマーおよびオリゴマーの少なくともいずれかのラジカル重合物であり、前記モノマーおよび前記オリゴマーの少なくとも1種は2つ以上の重合性二重結合を有する、請求項1に記載の複合顔料。
- 前記基材粒子は、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ガラス、アルミナ、およびマイカからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1または2に記載の複合顔料。
- 前記顔料層は多孔質である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の複合顔料。
- 前記顔料層の比表面積は、10~100m2/gである、請求項4に記載の複合顔料。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の複合顔料を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項6に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物からなる成形体。
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