WO2022002116A1 - 一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022002116A1
WO2022002116A1 PCT/CN2021/103472 CN2021103472W WO2022002116A1 WO 2022002116 A1 WO2022002116 A1 WO 2022002116A1 CN 2021103472 W CN2021103472 W CN 2021103472W WO 2022002116 A1 WO2022002116 A1 WO 2022002116A1
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uracil
alkyl
compound
hours
benzaldehyde
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PCT/CN2021/103472
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨吉春
关爱莹
吴峤
武恩明
吴公信
刘长令
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沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司
江苏扬农化工股份有限公司
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Priority to MX2023000059A priority Critical patent/MX2023000059A/es
Priority to IL299591A priority patent/IL299591A/en
Priority to CA3184706A priority patent/CA3184706A1/en
Priority to EP21833201.3A priority patent/EP4177250A4/en
Priority to JP2023500281A priority patent/JP7553689B2/ja
Priority to US18/003,906 priority patent/US20230303545A1/en
Priority to BR112023000029A priority patent/BR112023000029A2/pt
Priority to AU2021302173A priority patent/AU2021302173B2/en
Publication of WO2022002116A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022002116A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D239/24Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D239/28Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D239/46Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms
    • C07D239/52Two oxygen atoms
    • C07D239/54Two oxygen atoms as doubly bound oxygen atoms or as unsubstituted hydroxy radicals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a phenylisoxazoline compound.
  • Patent WO2016095768 reports phenylisoxazoline compounds as shown in general formula I:
  • the compound of general formula I has good herbicidal activity and can effectively control barnyardgrass, foxtail, sedge, water sedge, crabgrass, sedge grass, abalone, zinnia, amaranth, purslane, sagebrush Ear, nightshade, cassia, wild watermelon seedlings, wild soybeans and other weeds can achieve good herbicidal effects at low doses, and can be used as herbicides in agriculture.
  • Patents WO2016095768 and CN108570041 also involve the preparation of such compounds, but their synthesis is to first synthesize isoxazoline rings and then synthesize uracil rings.
  • the disadvantage of this synthesis method is: the stability of the isoxazoline ring synthesized first is not good, the temperature and alkali requirements for the uracil ring closure are relatively high, and it is easy to cause by-products, resulting in long reaction time and low yield. .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of phenylisoxazoline compounds with cheap and easily available raw materials and simple synthesis process.
  • the present invention adopts the technical scheme as follows:
  • step 2) reacting the carbamate generated in step 1) with trifluoroamino crotonate to obtain uracil through a methylating reagent;
  • step 2) the uracil generated in step 2) is obtained by the mode of oxidation or dihalogenation hydrolysis to obtain uracil benzaldehyde;
  • uracil benzaldehyde (IV) generated in step 3) is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to obtain uracil benzaldehyde oxime;
  • step 5 The uracil benzaldoxime generated in step 4) is chlorinated with NCS and then closed with an alkene compound to obtain a phenylisoxazoline compound.
  • the synthetic route is as follows:
  • R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, phenyl, 4-nitrophenyl or benzyl;
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, CO 2 R 4 or CH 2 OR 5 ;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, cyano, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, CO 2 R 4 or CH 2 OR 5 ;
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 4 alkenyl, C 3 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyloxy C 2 -C 3 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 groups independently selected from benzyl, furamethylene or tetrahydrofuramethylene, The following groups are halogen, CN, NO 2 , C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 3 alkylamino Sulfonyl, di(C 1 -C 3 )alkylaminosulfonyl, C 1 -C 3 alkylaminocarbonyl, di(C 1 -C 3 )alkylaminocarbonyl, di(C 1 -C 3 )alkylaminocarbonyl, di(C 1 -C 3 )alkylaminocarbonyl, di(
  • R 1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, phenyl, 4-nitrophenyl or benzyl;
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, CO 2 R 4 or CH 2 OR 5 ;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 4 alkenyl, C 3 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyloxy C 2 -C 3 alkyl, benzyl, furamethylene or tetrahydrofuran methylene;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 halocycloalkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, CO 2 R 4 or CH 2 OR 5 ;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 4 alkenyl, C 3 -C 4 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyloxy C 2 -C 3 alkyl, benzyl, furamethylene or tetrahydrofuran methylene;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkylcarbonyl or C 3 -C 6 cycloalkylcarbonyl.
  • R 1 is selected from ethyl
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, cyano, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, trifluoroethyl, trifluoromethyl or CO 2 R 4 ;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl or trifluoromethyl;
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, trifluoroethyl, allyl, propargyl, methoxyethyl , ethoxyethyl, methylcarbonyloxyethyl, 2-tetrahydrofuranmethylene or 3-tetrahydrofuranmethylene.
  • step 1) 2-fluoro-4-chloro-5-methylaniline (I) is heated to 60-100° C. in a solvent and under alkaline conditions, and the chloroformate compound is added dropwise to react. 1-4h generates carbamate compound (II); wherein, the molar ratio of 2-fluoro-4-chloro-5-methylaniline (I), alkali and chloroformate compound is 1:(1-4) : (1-2).
  • the step 2) is to react the carbamate compound (II) obtained in the step 1) with trifluoroaminocrotonate in a solvent and under alkaline conditions, using a catalyst at 100-140° C. for 3-8 hours, and the reaction is performed. After cooling down to room temperature, adding methylating reagent and adding base, and reacting at 20-80° C. for 2-8 hours to obtain uracil (III).
  • the molar ratio of carbamate (II), trifluoroaminocrotonate, base, catalyst and methylating reagent is 1:(1-1.2):(1.5-3):(0.01-0.1):( 1-2).
  • the step 3) is to mix the uracil (III) obtained in step 2), the halogenated reagent, the solvent, and the catalyst, react at 50-150° C. for 2-10 hours, and after the reaction is cooled to room temperature, extract and collect the organic phase subtraction After pressure distillation, dihalide is obtained, adding acid for hydrolysis, reacting at 50-100 ° C for 4-12 hours, then vacuum distillation, neutralizing the pH of the system to neutrality, and filtering to obtain uracil benzaldehyde (IV);
  • the molar ratio of uracil (III), halogenating reagent, catalyst and acid is 1:(2.5-3.5):(0.01-0.1):(10-30).
  • the molar ratio of uracil benzaldehyde oxime (V), halogenating reagent, olefinic compound (VI) and base is 1:(1-1.5):1:(1-2).
  • the molar ratio of the 2-fluoro-4-chloro-5-methylaniline (I), the base and the chloroformate compound in the step 1) is 1: (1.5-3): (1-1.5);
  • the solvent is selected from acetonitrile, ethyl acetate or 2-butanone;
  • the base is selected from potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate;
  • the solvent is selected from acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, N,N-dimethylformamide or dimethylformamide.
  • the alkali environment and the added alkali are all selected from potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, tert-butyl Sodium alkoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium methoxide, triethylamine, pyridine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine;
  • the catalyst is selected from polyether phase transfer catalyst, cyclic crown ether phase transfer catalyst, quaternary ammonium
  • the methylating agent is selected from methyl iodide, dimethyl sulfate ester or methyl chloride.
  • a rectifying device can be used to separate the moisture and low-boiling point solvent in the reaction;
  • the molar ratio of the carbamate (II), trifluoroaminocrotonate and alkali is 1:(1 ⁇ 1.1): (1-2.5);
  • the solvent is selected from one or both of acetonitrile, 2-butanone, N,N-dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide;
  • the bases are all selected from potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate;
  • the catalyst is selected from PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, 18 crown-6, 15 crown-5, cyclodextrin, benzyl triethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, tetramethylammonium bromide,
  • the catalyst is selected from one or both of tetrabutylammonium bromide, tributylmethylammonium chloride or DBU.
  • the halogenating reagent is selected from NBS, NCS, chlorine or bromine;
  • the solvent is selected from carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4- Dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or benzene;
  • the catalyst is selected from azobisisobutyronitrile or benzoyl peroxide;
  • the acid is selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and formic acid;
  • the base is selected from hydroxide Sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate.
  • the halogenating agent is selected from NBS; the solvent is selected from carbon tetrachloride or 1,4-dioxane; the base is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
  • the alcohol is selected from methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
  • the reaction time of step 4) is 1-3 hours.
  • the step 5) the reactants are extracted and layered, the organic phase is washed with 1N hydrochloric acid and saturated brine successively, and the product phenylisoxazoline compound (VII) is obtained by distillation under reduced pressure;
  • the halogenated reagent is selected from NBS, NCS, chlorine or bromine;
  • the base is selected from sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine or pyridine;
  • the solvent is selected from dichloromethane, trichloromethane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, acetic acid One or both of ethyl ester or N,N-dimethylformamide;
  • the halogenating reagent in step 5 is selected from NCS or bromine; the base is selected from sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate or triethylamine.
  • the content of the product was determined by high performance liquid chromatography using the external standard method.
  • the invention relates to an intermediate compound for synthesizing phenylisoxazoline compounds.
  • the structural formula of the intermediate compound is shown in formula V in the reaction formula. The selection of the substituents is as described above.
  • the invention also relates to the application of the compound in the synthesis of isoxazoline compounds containing uracil.
  • the preparation method provided by the invention firstly synthesizes the uracil ring, and finally synthesizes the isoxazoline ring, without using expensive dichloromethylene dimethyl ammonium chloride, the adopted raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the effective The process cost is reduced; and the reactions involved in the method of the present invention are all conventional operation units, which are simple to operate and easy to industrialize; the relevant intermediates in the reaction process are relatively stable, and by-products are not easily generated; some intermediates in the reaction process do not need to be specially purified, and can be directly used In the next step of the reaction, it is beneficial to the continuous operation of the industry; the yield is obviously higher than that of the prior art, and the total yield is increased by as much as 3 times.
  • ethyl methacrylate in Synthesis Example 2 was replaced with methyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, and n-propyl methacrylate.
  • tert-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, methyl 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-methyl-1-heptene, 2,4- Dimethyl-1-pentene can be prepared except compound VII-1 and other compounds shown in formula VII, and the specific nuclear magnetic data and yield of other compounds shown in formula VII are shown in Table 1:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的合成方法,以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺为起始原料先合成脲嘧啶再合成异恶唑啉环,得到目标化合物苯基异恶唑啉化合物。本发明提供的制备方法可以广泛用于含脲嘧啶的苯基异恶唑啉的合成,能够大幅度提高收率且有效降低成本并易于工业化生产。

Description

一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
专利WO2016095768报道了如通式I所示的苯基异恶唑啉类化合物:
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000001
通式I化合物具有很好的除草活性,可以有效地控制稗草、狗尾草、异型莎草、水莎草、马唐、荩草、苘麻、百日草、反枝苋、马齿苋、苍耳、龙葵、决明、野西瓜苗、野大豆等杂草,在低剂量下就可以获得很好的除草效果,在农业上可用作除草剂。专利WO2016095768和CN108570041中也均涉及该类化合物的制备,但其合成均是先合成异恶唑啉环后合成脲嘧啶环。
这种合成方法的缺点是:先合成的异噁唑啉环稳定性不好,对脲嘧啶合环时的温度以及碱要求均比较高,容易造成副产,导致反应时间长且收率不高。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种原料廉价易得、合成工艺简单的苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用技术方案为:
一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的合成方法:
1)以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺和氯甲酸酯类化合物为原料反应生成氨基甲酸酯类化合物;
2)将步骤1)生成的氨基甲酸酯与三氟氨基巴豆酸酯反应后经甲基化试剂得到脲嘧啶;
3)将步骤2)生成的脲嘧啶经过氧化或二卤化水解的方式得到脲嘧啶苯甲醛;
4)将步骤3)生成的脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)经过与盐酸羟胺反应得到脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟;
5)将步骤4)生成的脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟经过NCS氯化后与烯类化合物合环得到苯基异恶唑啉化合物。
所述合成路线如下:
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000002
式中,
R 1选自甲基、乙基、苯基、4-硝基苯基或苄基;
R 2选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
R 3选自氢、氰基、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
R 4选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 3-C 4烯基、C 3-C 4炔基、C 1-C 4烷氧基C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4烷羰基氧基C 2-C 3烷基,未取代或者被1-4个独立选自以下基团取代的苄基、呋喃亚甲基或四氢呋喃亚甲基,以下基团为卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基或C 1-C 4卤代烷基;
R 5选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基羰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基羰基、C 3-C 6环烷基羰基、C 3-C 6卤代环烷基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基磺酰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基磺酰基、C 1-C 3烷基氨基磺酰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基磺酰基、C 1-C 3烷基氨基羰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基羰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基硫代羰基、C 1-C 2烷硫基C 2-C 4烷基羰基,未取代或者被1-4个独立选自以下基团取代的苯基C 1-C 2烷基、苯基羰基、苯基C 1-C 2烷基羰基、苯基C 2-C 4烯基羰基、苯氧基C 1-C 2烷基羰基、噻吩羰基、吡唑羰基、喹啉羰基;以下基团为卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4卤代烷氧基、C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 4烷硫基、C 1-C 4烷基磺酰基或被1-4个卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基或C 1-C 4卤代烷氧基独立取代的苯氧基。
进一步,通式II和VII中,
R 1选自甲基、乙基、苯基、4-硝基苯基或苄基;
R 2选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
R 3选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基或C 1-C 4卤代烷基;
R 4选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 3-C 4烯基、C 3-C 4炔基、C 1-C 4烷氧基C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4烷羰基氧基C 2-C 3烷基、苄基、呋喃亚甲基或四氢呋喃亚甲基;
R 5选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基羰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基羰基、C 3-C 6环烷基羰基、C 3-C 6卤代环烷基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基磺酰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基磺酰基。
更进一步,通式II和VII中,
R 1选自甲基或乙基;
R 2选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
R 3选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基或C 1-C 4卤代烷基;
R 4选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 3-C 4烯基、C 3-C 4炔基、C 1-C 4烷氧基C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4烷羰基氧基C 2-C 3烷基、苄基、呋喃亚甲基或四氢呋喃亚 甲基;
R 5选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基羰基或C 3-C 6环烷基羰基。
优选的,通式II和VII中,
R 1选自乙基;
R 2选自氢、氰基、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基、三氟乙基、三氟甲基或CO 2R 4
R 3选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基或三氟甲基;
R 4选自氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基、三氟乙基、烯丙基、炔丙基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、甲基羰基氧基乙基、2-四氢呋喃亚甲基或3-四氢呋喃亚甲基。
进一步的说,所述步骤1)将2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺(I)在溶剂中、碱性条件下加热至60-100℃,滴加氯甲酸酯类化合物后反应1-4h生成氨基甲酸酯类化合物(II);其中,2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺(I)、碱和氯甲酸酯类化合物的摩尔比为1:(1-4):(1-2)。
所述步骤2)为将步骤1)所得产物氨基甲酸酯类化合物(II)与三氟氨基巴豆酸酯在溶剂中、碱性条件下,利用催化剂于100-140℃反应3-8小时,反应后降至室温加入甲基化试剂并补加碱,在20-80℃下反应2-8小时得到脲嘧啶(III)。
其中,氨基甲酸酯(II)、三氟氨基巴豆酸酯、碱、催化剂和甲基化试剂的摩尔比为1:(1-1.2):(1.5-3):(0.01-0.1):(1-2)。
所述步骤3)为将步骤2)获得脲嘧啶(III)、卤化试剂、溶剂、催化剂混合,在50-150℃下反应2-10小时,反应后降至室温后通过萃取,收集有机相减压蒸馏后得到二卤化物,加入酸水解,在50-100℃下反应4-12小时,而后减压蒸馏,中和体系pH至中性,过滤得脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV);
其中,脲嘧啶(III)、卤化试剂、催化剂、酸摩尔比为1:(2.5-3.5):(0.01-0.1):(10-30)。
所述步骤4)为将脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)与盐酸羟胺在醇中,室温下反应1-6小时,经过滤得脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V);其中,脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)与盐酸羟胺的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5)。
所述步骤5)为将步骤4)所得脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V)加入到溶剂中,在20-40℃下加入卤化试剂,在此温度下反应1-2小时,降温至0-15℃,在此温度下加入烯类化合物(VI)及碱,保持1-4小时,反应物经萃取分层,有机相经洗涤后减压蒸馏得产品苯基异恶唑啉化合物(VII);
其中,脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V)、卤化试剂、烯类化合物(VI)及碱的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5):1:(1-2)。
所述步骤1)中溶剂选自乙腈、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙二醇二甲醚、乙酸乙酯、2-丁酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜等;所述碱选自碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、乙醇钠、甲醇钠、三乙胺、吡啶或4-二甲氨基吡啶。
优选的所述步骤1)所述2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺(I)、碱和氯甲酸酯类化合物的摩尔比1:(1.5~3):(1~1.5);所述溶剂选自乙腈、乙酸乙酯或2-丁酮;所述碱选自碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠;
所述步骤2)中溶剂选自乙腈、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙二醇二甲醚、 乙酸乙酯、2-丁酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜中的一种或两种;所述碱环境和补加碱均选自碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、乙醇钠、甲醇钠、三乙胺、吡啶或4-二甲氨基吡啶;所述催化剂选自聚醚类相转移催化剂、环状冠醚类相转移催化剂、季铵盐类相转移催化剂、叔胺类相转移催化剂、季铵碱类相转移催化剂、季膦盐类相转移催化剂中的一种或两种;所述甲基化试剂选自碘甲烷、硫酸二甲酯或氯甲烷。
优选的所述步骤2)可利用精馏装置分出反应中的水分及低沸点溶剂;所述氨基甲酸酯(II)、三氟氨基巴豆酸酯和碱的摩尔比为1:(1~1.1):(1~2.5);所述溶剂选自乙腈、2-丁酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜的一种或两种;所述碱环境和补加碱均选自碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾或碳酸氢钠;所述催化剂选自PEG-200、PEG-400、PEG-600、18冠-6、15冠-5、环糊精、苄基三乙基氯化铵、四丁基溴化铵、四丁基氯化铵、四丁基硫酸氢铵、四甲基溴化铵、三丁基甲基氯化铵、三辛基甲基氯化铵、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十四烷基三甲基氯化铵、吡啶、三丁胺、1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)或三乙烯二胺中的一种或两种。
进一步优选的所述步骤2)中催化剂选自四丁基溴化铵、三丁基甲基氯化铵或DBU中的一种或两种。
所述步骤3)中卤化试剂选自NBS、NCS、氯气或溴素;所述溶剂选自四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙二醇二甲醚或苯;所述催化剂选自偶氮二异丁腈或过氧化苯甲酰;所述酸选自盐酸、硫酸、甲酸;所述碱选自氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾或碳酸氢钾。
优选的所述步骤3)中卤化试剂选自NBS;所述溶剂选自四氯化碳或1,4-二氧六环;所述碱选自氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
所述步骤4)中醇选自甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇。
优选的,步骤4)所述反应时间为1~3小时。
所述步骤5)反应物经萃取分层,有机相依次用1N盐酸、饱和食盐水洗,减压蒸馏得产品苯基异恶唑啉化合物(VII);所述卤化试剂选自NBS、NCS、氯气或溴素;所述碱选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、三乙胺或者吡啶;所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、乙二醇二甲醚、乙酸乙酯或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或两种;
优选的所述步骤5)所述卤化试剂选自NCS或溴素;所述碱选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾或三乙胺。
上述制备过程中对于产物的含量以高效液相色谱采用外标法测定。
另外,本发明所采用的原料氯甲酸酯、2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺、3-氨基-4,4,4-三氟巴豆酸乙酯及烯类化合物(VI)可以通过市售得到。
本发明涉及一种合成苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的中间体化合物,中间体化合物其结构式如反应式中的式V所示。其取代基的选择如上述记载。
本发明还涉及所述化合物在合成含有脲嘧啶的异噁唑啉类化合物中的应用。
本发明所具有的优点:
本发明所提供的制备方法,先合成脲嘧啶环,最后合成异恶唑啉环,未使用价格昂贵的二氯亚甲基二甲基氯化铵,采用的原料易得,成本低廉,可有效降低工艺成本;而且本发明方法所涉及反应均为常规操作单元,操作简单,易于工业化;反应过程中相关中间体均比较稳定,不易产生副产;反应过程中部分中间体无需特意纯化,直接用于下一步反应,利于工业的连续化操作;收率明显高于现 有技术,总收率提高了3倍之多。
具体实施方式
以下具体实施例用来进一步说明本发明,但本发明绝非仅限于这些例子;并且下述实施例中所涉及的百分比均为质量百分比,如含量、纯度等。
实施例1 中间体V的合成
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000003
将2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺63.8g(0.4mol)和碳酸氢钠67.2g(0.8mol)依次加入到装有300ml乙酸乙酯中升温至微回流状态下,滴加氯甲酸乙酯48.8g(0.45mol),保持回流4小时,HPLC反应完全,冷至室温加入水,萃取分层,饱和食盐水洗有机相,有机相经无水硫酸镁干燥,减压脱溶得中间体II 94.2g,为油状物,含量98%(HPLC归一,下同)。
将上述油状物和200ml乙腈加入到装有200ml DMF、56.6g(0.41mol)碳酸钾、75g(0.41mol)3-氨基-4,4,4-三氟巴豆酸乙酯和4.98g四丁基溴化铵(15.46mmol)并配有精馏柱和冷凝器的反应瓶中,升温至回流并分离出低沸点溶剂,4小时后,HPLC反应结束,降至室温后,补加56.6g(0.41mol)碳酸钾,并滴加85.2g(0.6mol)碘甲烷,保持在室温搅拌6小时,HPLC反应完全,将反应液慢慢倒入水中,搅拌30分钟,过滤并干燥得128g中间体III,为浅黄色固体,含量97.8%,收率93%(以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺计),熔点117-119℃。
将68.8g(0.2mol)II、78.5g(0.44mol)NBS、3.5g(21.3mmol)偶氮二异丁腈、300ml四氯化碳依次加入到反应瓶中,升温至回流反应,2小时后补加11g(0.06mol)和0.5g(3.05mmol)偶氮二异丁腈,继续反应2小时,HPLC反应完全,二溴化物含量91.8%,一溴化物含量3.85%。降至室温,加入1N HCl 100ml,分出有机相,水相加入200ml二氯甲烷萃取分出有机相,合并有机相,减压脱溶后加入150ml 88%甲酸,并升至回流,保温8小时,减压蒸除溶剂,小心加入到水中,用氢氧化钠调节pH至9,搅拌15分钟,过滤并干燥得IV,为浅黄色固体66.7g,含量94.5%,收率89.9%,熔点176-177℃。
将66.4g(0.18mol)IV加入到200ml乙醇中,室温搅拌10分钟,随后滴加14.4g(0.207mol)和50ml水的混合液,并在室温下搅拌,逐渐形成浅黄色浑浊液,反应1小时后HPLC反应结束,停止反应,静置,过滤,再用50mL水洗涤,干燥,得到V为浅黄色固体64.9g,含量96.1%,收率94.8%,熔点182-185℃。
以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺计,收率79.3%。
实施例2 化合物VII-1的合成
将0.76g(2mmol)脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V)溶于20ml二氯甲烷和5ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,升温至35℃,在该温度下小心加入0.28g(2.1mol)NCS,保 持在此温度下反应1小时。降至0~5℃,滴加0.23g(2mmol)甲代丙烯酸乙酯和0.22g(2.2mol)三乙胺以及5ml二氯甲烷的混合液,保持在该温度下反应1.5小时,HPLC监测反应结束,依次1N盐酸、水、饱和食盐水洗,有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,脱溶得浅黄色油状物0.81g,含量96.7%,收率81.7%。 1H-NMR(300MHz,内标TMS,溶剂CDCl 3)δ(ppm):1.35(t,3H),1.68(s,3H),3.38(d,1H),3.60(s,3H),3.90(d,1H),4.30(m,2H),6.25(s,1H),7.38(d,1H),7.79(d,1H)。
以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺计,总收率64.8%。
对比例1 化合物VII-1的制备(WO2016095768)
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000004
1)2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯甲醛肟的制备
将42g(0.206mol)2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯甲醛溶于200ml乙醇中,降至0℃,搅拌下滴加17.4g(0.25mol)盐酸羟胺的水溶液,随后升至室温搅拌反应。2小时后,TLC监测反应完全。倒入水中,过滤得白色固体38.3g(98%),收率83.4%。
2)3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯的制备
将43.7g(0.2mol)2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯甲醛肟溶于150ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,升温至30℃,在该温度下分批加入32g(0.24mol)NCS,形成浅黄色溶液,保持在35℃下反应1小时。降至室温,加入300ml二氯甲烷,随后用1N盐酸洗两次,饱和食盐水洗两次,无水硫酸镁干燥,抽滤,将二氯甲烷溶液降至0-5℃,滴加34.2g(0.3mol)甲代丙烯酸乙酯和31g(0.3mol)三乙胺的混合液,保持在该温度下反应1小时。依次用1N盐酸和饱和食盐水洗,有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,脱溶后柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3)得浅黄色固体57g(97%),收率83.6%。
3)3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-氨基苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯的制备
将57g(0.18mol)3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯溶于300ml乙酸乙酯中,加热下分批加入163g(0.72mol)二水合氯化亚锡,随后在回流下反应8小时。TLC监测反应完全。冷至室温,加入到冰水中,用氢氧化钠调节pH至8,乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸镁干燥后减压蒸馏得31g油状物,未经提纯直接用于下一步反应,含量90%,收率51.6%。
4)2-二甲氨基-4-三氟甲基-6H-1,3-恶嗪-6-酮的制备
将25g(0.15mol)二氯亚甲基二甲基氯化铵加入到100ml氯仿中,升温至60℃滴加25g(0.14mol)3-氨基-4,4,4-三氟巴豆酸乙酯和15ml氯仿的混合液,继续回流反应,溶液逐渐由浅黄色混浊变澄清,4小时后TLC监测反应完全。冷至室温加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,分离有机相,用饱和食盐水洗,有机相用无水 硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸馏得浅黄色固体30.8g。
5)3-(2-氯-5-(2,6-二氧-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-4-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯的制备
依次将13.2g(0.046mol)3-(2-氯-4-氟-5-氨基苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯和9.8g(0.047mol)2-二甲氨基-4-三氟甲基-6H-1,3-恶嗪-6-酮加入到装有100ml乙酸的反应瓶中,升温至回流反应,形成深色溶液,保持在该温度下反应6h,减压整除溶剂,加入碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH至7,乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸镁干燥后减压整除溶剂得粗品,经乙醇重结晶得白色固体14.5g(95%),收率64.6%。
6)化合物VII-1的制备
将14g(0.031mol)3-(2-氯-5-(2,6-二氧-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-4-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4,5-二氢异恶唑-5-羧酸乙酯、12.9g(0.094mol)碳酸钾依次加入到装有150ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的反应瓶中,冷至0℃,滴加8.9g(0.062mol)碘甲烷,随后升至室温搅拌反应6h。TLC监测反应完全,倒入水中,乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和食盐水洗,有机相无水硫酸镁干燥,减压蒸馏,柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5)得13.2g油状物(94%),收率83.8%。
以2-氯-4-氟-5-硝基苯甲醛计,总收率19.5%。
按照上述实施例1和2记载的方法,将合成实施例2中甲代丙烯酸乙酯替换为甲代丙烯酸甲酯、甲代丙烯酸异丙酯、甲代丙烯酸正丁酯、甲代丙烯酸正丙酯、甲代丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-乙氧基乙酯、2-(三氟甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、2-甲基-1-庚烯、2,4-二甲基-1-戊烯,即可制备的除化合物VII-1以外其他属于式VII所示的化合物,具体其他式VII所示的化合物的核磁数据及收率如表1所示:
表1
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-000006
另外,将反应式中通过改变原料的不同取代基,并依照上述制备过程的记载,还可以获得不同取代基所示的式I化合物,这也显示出了本发明方法应用的广泛性。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:
    1)以2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺和氯甲酸酯类化合物为原料反应生成氨基甲酸酯类化合物;
    2)将步骤1)生成的氨基甲酸酯与三氟氨基巴豆酸酯反应后经甲基化试剂得到脲嘧啶;
    3)将步骤2)生成的脲嘧啶经过氧化或二卤化水解的方式得到脲嘧啶苯甲醛;
    4)将步骤3)生成的脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)经过与盐酸羟胺反应得到脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟;
    5)将步骤4)生成的脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟经过NCS氯化后与烯类化合物合环得到苯基异恶唑啉化合物。
  2. 按权利要求1所述的苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述合成路线如下:
    Figure PCTCN2021103472-appb-100001
    式中,
    R 1选自甲基、乙基、苯基、4-硝基苯基或苄基;
    R 2选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
    R 3选自氢、氰基、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、CO 2R 4或CH 2OR 5
    R 4选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 3-C 4烯基、C 3-C 4炔基、C 1-C 4烷氧基C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4烷羰基氧基C 2-C 3烷基,未取代或者被1-4个独立选自以下基团取代的苄基、呋喃亚甲基或四氢呋喃亚甲基,以下基团为卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基或C 1-C 4卤代烷基;
    R 5选自氢、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基羰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基羰基、C 3-C 6环烷基羰基、C 3-C 6卤代环烷基羰基、C 1-C 4烷基磺酰基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基磺酰基、C 1-C 3烷基氨基磺酰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基磺酰基、C 1-C 3烷基氨基羰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基羰基、二(C 1-C 3)烷基氨基硫代羰基、C 1-C 2烷硫基C 2-C 4烷基羰基,未取代或者被1-4个独立选自以下基团取代的苯基C 1-C 2烷基、苯基羰基、苯基C 1-C 2烷基羰基、苯基C 2-C 4烯基羰基、苯氧基C 1-C 2烷基羰基、噻吩羰基、吡唑羰基、喹啉羰基;以下基团为卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4卤代烷氧基、C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基、C 1-C 4烷硫基、C 1-C 4烷基磺酰基或被1-4个卤素、CN、NO 2、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4卤代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基或C 1-C 4卤代烷氧基独立取代的苯氧基。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)将2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺(I)在溶剂中、碱性条件下加热至60-100℃,滴加氯甲酸酯类化合物后反应1-4h生成氨基甲酸酯类化合物(II);其中,2-氟-4-氯-5-甲基苯胺(I)、碱和氯甲酸酯类化合物的摩尔比为1:(1-4):(1-2)。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)为将步骤1)所得产物氨基甲酸酯类化合物(II)与三氟氨基巴豆酸酯在溶剂中、碱性条件下,利用催化剂于100-140℃反应3-8小时,反应后降至室温加入甲基化试剂并补加碱,在20-80℃下反应2-8小时得到脲嘧啶(III)。
    其中,氨基甲酸酯(II)、三氟氨基巴豆酸酯、碱、催化剂和甲基化试剂的摩尔比为1:(1-1.2):(1.5-3):(0.01-0.1):(1-2)。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)为将步骤2)获得的脲嘧啶(III)、卤化试剂、溶剂、催化剂混合,在50-150℃下反应2-10小时,反应后降至室温后通过萃取,收集有机相减压蒸馏后得到二卤化物,加入酸水解,在50-100℃下反应4-12小时,而后减压蒸馏,中和体系pH至中性,过滤得脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV);
    其中,脲嘧啶(III)、卤化试剂、催化剂、酸摩尔比为1:(2.5-3.5):(0.01-0.1):(10-30)。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4)为将脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)与盐酸羟胺在醇中,室温下反应1-6小时,经过滤得脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V);其中,脲嘧啶苯甲醛(IV)与盐酸羟胺的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5)。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5)为将步骤4)所得脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V)加入到溶剂中,在20-40℃下加入卤化试剂,在此温度下反应0.5-2小时,降温至0-15℃,在此温度下加入烯类化合物(VI)及碱,保持1-4小时,反应物经萃取分层,有机相经洗涤后减压蒸馏得产品苯基异恶唑啉化合物(VII);
    其中,脲嘧啶苯甲醛肟(V)、卤化试剂、烯类化合物(VI)及碱的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5):1:(1-2)。
  8. 一种合成苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的中间体化合物,其特征在于:中间体化合物其结构式如权利要求2中的式V所示。
  9. 按权利要求8所述化合物在合成含有脲嘧啶的异噁唑啉类化合物中的应用。
PCT/CN2021/103472 2020-07-02 2021-06-30 一种苯基异恶唑啉类化合物的制备方法 WO2022002116A1 (zh)

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