WO2022001712A1 - 一种流化床 - Google Patents

一种流化床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001712A1
WO2022001712A1 PCT/CN2021/101142 CN2021101142W WO2022001712A1 WO 2022001712 A1 WO2022001712 A1 WO 2022001712A1 CN 2021101142 W CN2021101142 W CN 2021101142W WO 2022001712 A1 WO2022001712 A1 WO 2022001712A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bin
silo
air inlet
fluidization
cyclone separation
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/101142
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘春�
李建桥
Original Assignee
北京蓝鼎科创装备科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010630587.XA external-priority patent/CN111672208A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010630184.5A external-priority patent/CN111632559A/zh
Application filed by 北京蓝鼎科创装备科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京蓝鼎科创装备科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022001712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001712A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/28—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using special binding agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B05B16/20—Arrangements for spraying in combination with other operations, e.g. drying; Arrangements enabling a combination of spraying operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a fluidized bed.
  • Fluidized bed also known as ebullated bed
  • ebullated bed is a device that uses air flow to pass through the granular solid layer to make solid particles in a suspended state and conduct gas-solid phase reaction.
  • Ebullated beds are widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, boiler, mining and other fields, as the core equipment for drying, chemical reaction, combustion, granulation, coating and other technological processes.
  • a filter separation device During the working process of the fluidized bed, when the gas passes through the solid particle layer, a large amount of dust will be taken away, and the dust needs to be separated by a filter separation device, otherwise the yield will be reduced and the environment will be polluted.
  • the main disadvantages of the filtration method are as follows: first, the material of the filter material itself is easy to cause pollution to the product; second, the filter material is easy to block, and it is necessary to clean the dust accumulated on the filter material by means of vibration and backflushing, and the dust cleaning effect is not good.
  • the cyclone separation method uses the cyclone separator to separate the dust carried away by the air. It has two main disadvantages: first, the separation efficiency is low, resulting in a large outflow of fine powder; second, the dust separated by the cyclone separator cannot be directly returned to the fluidized bed. , requires the use of an additional return device, which increases equipment investment and reduces work efficiency.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a fluidized bed.
  • a fluidized bed includes an air inlet system, a bottom bin, a material bin, a fluidized bin, and an air exhaust system, and a cyclone separation bin is arranged between the fluidized bin and the air exhaust system;
  • the cyclone separation bin includes a cylinder body, a centrifugal fan blade, a central air inlet, a dust collection port and an air exhaust port;
  • the cylinder body includes a top end, a bottom end and a side wall, the bottom end is connected with the fluidization bin, the cylinder body adopts a cylindrical or conical structure, and the length of the cylinder body is 1--5 of its diameter. times, the top end is a circular plane or semi-ellipsoid, vertebral column; the bottom end adopts a circular structure;
  • a drive shaft is arranged at the center of the top end, and the axis of the drive shaft coincides with the central axis of the cylinder; the centrifugal fan blades are arranged on the drive shaft, and the centrifugal fan blades are located on the drive shaft. rotates under the drive;
  • the dust collection port is opened at the bottom end or at the connection between the bottom end and the side wall;
  • the exhaust port is opened at the top end or at the connection between the top end and the side wall, and communicates with the exhaust system
  • a central air inlet is provided at the center of the bottom end, and the central air inlet is communicated with the fluidization bin;
  • the bottom of the silo is provided with an air distribution board for carrying materials; the upper end of the bottom silo is communicated with the silo; the upper end of the silo is communicated with the fluidization silo; the bottom silo communicated with the air inlet system;
  • the external air flow sequentially passes through the air inlet system, the bottom silo, the material silo, the fluidization silo, the cyclone separation silo, and the air exhaust system.
  • the cyclone separation bin adopts a horizontal structure or an inclined structure.
  • the angle between the bottom surface and the horizontal surface is 0.5°-10°.
  • a central air duct is communicated between the cyclone separation chamber and the fluidization chamber; a central air inlet is provided at the connection between the cyclone separation chamber and the central air duct, and the central air inlet is opened at the At the center of the bottom end, a fluidized silo air outlet is provided at the connection between the central air duct and the fluidized silo.
  • the upper part of the side wall of the fluidization bin includes a flat section and an arc section, and the bottom end is connected to the flat section on the side wall of the fluidization bin.
  • the return port is opened on the side wall of the fluidization bin, and the height of the opening position is lower than the height of the dust collecting port.
  • the central axis of the cyclone separation bin is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the bottom end of the cyclone separation bin and the upper end of the fluidization bin have the same inner diameter, and are connected by welding or flanges;
  • the dust collecting port adopts an annular structure, which is located at the position where the bottom end is close to the side wall;
  • the central air inlet adopts a circular structure, and its center is located on the central axis of the cyclone separation bin.
  • a circular baffle is arranged on one side of the central air inlet, the diameter of the circular baffle is 50%-150% of the diameter of the central air inlet, and the circular baffle is arranged on the central air inlet. 0-200mm above the air outlet, the center of the circular baffle is located on the central axis of the central air inlet.
  • the cyclone separation chamber and the fluidization chamber can also be combined into a single chamber body, but this change does not change the overall structure and function of the fluidized bed, which is
  • the combined silo body is not additionally described in this application, and is still described as two silo bodies, namely the area above the central tuyere is the cyclone separation silo, and below the central tuyere The area of is the fluidization warehouse;
  • a return pipe is also communicated between the cyclone separation chamber and the fluidization chamber, a dust collection port is opened at the connection between the cyclone separation chamber and the return pipe, and the fluidization chamber is connected to the return pipe.
  • a return port is provided at the pipe connection.
  • a plurality of upper atomizing spray guns are arranged in the fluidization bin, and the spraying direction of the upper atomizing spray guns is downward.
  • a plurality of lower atomizing spray guns are arranged in the silo, the spraying direction of the lower atomizing spray guns is upward, and a diversion cylinder is arranged above the plurality of the lower atomizing spray guns, and the diversion cylinder adopts a hollow structure, Several of the lower atomizing spray guns are respectively arranged on the central axis of several of the guide cylinders.
  • cleaning spray balls are arranged inside the fluidization bin, the bottom bin and the cyclone separation bin; and a drainage port is opened at the bottom of the bottom bin.
  • the invention can overcome the shortcomings of the filtration method and the cyclone method for dust removal, and can achieve the following two technical effects: first, the filter bag is eliminated, thereby completely avoiding the easy blockage, high resistance, inability to online cleaning, easy damage, It is easy to fall off and breed microorganisms; second, the dust separation efficiency is high; third, the separated dust can achieve natural backflow.
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram one of a kind of fluidized bed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram two of a kind of fluidized bed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram three of the overall structure of a fluidized bed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fluidized silo in a fluidized bed of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fluidized silo in a fluidized bed of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the annular air inlet in a fluidized bed of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of an annular air inlet in a fluidized bed of the present invention.
  • a fluidized bed of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following examples.
  • a fluidized bed includes: an air inlet system 1, a bottom silo 2, a material silo 3, a fluidized silo 4, and an air exhaust system 6 ; characterized by:
  • a cyclone separation warehouse 5 between the fluidization warehouse 4 and the exhaust system 6; the cyclone separation warehouse 5 is placed obliquely, and has an included angle of 0.5-10 degrees with the horizontal plane, so as to facilitate the discharge of cleaning water; the cyclone separation warehouse 5 and the flow
  • the connection method of the chemical warehouse 4 is through the central air duct 509;
  • the cyclone separation bin 5 includes a cylinder body, a centrifugal fan blade 505, a central air inlet 508, a dust collection port 506, and an air outlet 507;
  • the cylinder is a cylindrical or vertebral closed container composed of a top end 501, a bottom end 502 and a side wall 503; the length of the cylinder is 1-5 times its diameter; the end of the cylinder connected to the fluidization bin 4 is The bottom end 502, the other end is the top end 501; the top end 501 of the cylinder body is a circular plane or a semi-ellipsoid, vertebral column; the bottom end 502 of the cylinder body is a circular plane;
  • a drive shaft 504 is installed in the center of the top 501 of the cylinder body, and the axis of the drive shaft 504 is coincident with the central axis of the cylinder body; the centrifugal fan blade 505 is installed on the drive shaft 504, and the centrifugal fan blade 505 rotates under the drive of the drive shaft 504;
  • the dust collection port 506 is located at the bottom end 502 of the cylinder or the connection between the bottom end 502 of the cylinder and the side wall 503;
  • the exhaust port 507 is opened at the top 501 of the cylinder or the connection between the top 501 and the side wall 503, and is communicated with the exhaust system 6;
  • the central air inlet 508 is opened at the center of the bottom end 502 of the cylinder; the cyclone separation chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 4 are communicated through the central air duct 509; one end of the central air duct 509 is opened at the central air inlet 508 of the cyclone separation chamber 5, One end is opened at the position close to the top of the side wall of the fluidization chamber 4;
  • a return pipe 510 is also communicated between the cyclone separation chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 4. One end of the return pipe is opened at the dust collection port 506 on the cyclone separation chamber 5, and the other end is opened at the lower region of the side wall of the fluidization chamber 4.
  • Bottom silo 2, silo 3 and fluidization silo 4 are all cylindrical or vertebral-shaped containers, the axis of which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the bottom of silo 3 is equipped with an air distribution plate 301 for carrying materials; the upper end of bottom silo 2 Connected with the silo 3; the upper end of the silo 3 is communicated with the fluidization silo 4; the bottom silo 2 is communicated with the air inlet system 1;
  • the inner diameter of the upper end face of the bottom silo 2 is the same as the inner diameter of the lower end face of the silo 3, which is connected or welded by flanges;
  • the inner diameter of the upper end face of the silo 3 is the same as the inner diameter of the lower end face of the fluidization bin 4, which is connected by flange or welding;
  • the external air flow passes through the air inlet system 1, the bottom silo 2, the material silo 3, the fluidization silo 4, the cyclone separation silo 5, and the exhaust system 6 in sequence.
  • the function of the air inlet system 1 is to pre-treat the air flow used in the fluidized bed operation. According to the process requirements, the air supply fan, filter device, heating device, temperature control device, dehumidification device, wind speed measurement and control device, differential pressure measurement device, etc. can be set up. ;
  • the exhaust system 6 processes the air flow discharged from the fluidized bed. According to the process requirements, an exhaust fan, a filter device, a muffler device, a dust treatment device, an exhaust gas monitoring and treatment device, a temperature and humidity monitoring device, etc. can be set up;
  • a material temperature detection port 302 is opened on the side wall of the silo 3;
  • a number of upper atomizing spray guns 401 can be installed in the middle or upper part of the fluidization chamber 4, and the spraying direction of the upper atomizing spray guns 401 is downward;
  • One or more lower atomizing spray guns 303 may be installed at the bottom of the silo 3 near the air distribution plate 301; the spraying direction of the lower atomizing spray guns 303 is upward; the top of each lower atomizing spray gun 303 is also equipped with a guide tube 304 , the guide tube 304 is a hollow circular tube; the lower atomizing spray gun 303 is located on the central axis of the guide tube 304 .
  • the side wall of the fluidized warehouse 4 is provided with a feeding port 402, the fluidized warehouse 4, the bottom warehouse 2, and the cyclone separation warehouse 5 are all provided with cleaning spray balls 203; the bottom of the bottom warehouse 2 is provided with a water outlet 201.
  • the fan is started, and the drive motor 5041 of the centrifugal fan 505 is started at the same time, and the air flow passes through the air inlet system 1, the bottom silo 2, the silo 3, the fluidization silo 4, the cyclone separation silo 5, and the exhaust system 6 in sequence.
  • the air flow processed by the air inlet system 1 passes through the air distribution plate 301 at the bottom of the silo 3, the material in the silo 3 reaches a fluidized state under the dual action of air flow and gravity, thereby achieving drying, granulation, packaging Clothing, chemical reaction and other functions.
  • the gas forms two spiral airflows under the action of the centrifugal fan blades 505, which are an outer spiral airflow and an inner spiral airflow.
  • the outer spiral airflow is emitted from the edge of the centrifugal fan blade, rotates along the inner side of the side wall 503 of the cylinder and moves to the bottom end 502 of the cylinder. After reaching the bottom end of the cylinder, the radius of rotation becomes smaller and moves toward the center to form an inner spiral airflow.
  • the inner spiral airflow moves from the bottom end 502 of the cylinder to the top end 501 of the cylinder while rotating, and after reaching the centrifugal fan 505, it is accelerated again to form an outer spiral airflow, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the inner spiral airflow and the outer spiral airflow rotate in the same direction and move in the opposite direction.
  • the airflow entering the cyclone separation bin 5 through the central air inlet 508 and the fine powder carried by it immediately merge into the inner spiral airflow inside the cylinder.
  • the spiral airflow is accumulated on the inner side of the side wall 503 of the cylinder, and under the push of the outer spiral airflow, it moves to the bottom end 502 of the cylinder, and finally flows into the dust collecting port 506 .
  • the dust entering the cyclone separation bin 5 with the airflow is separated from the airflow and collected into the dust collection port 506 .
  • the air pressure at the location of the dust collection port 506 is much higher than the air pressure at the location of the central air inlet 508 , and the air pressure at the central air inlet 508 is similar to the air pressure in the fluidization chamber 4 or slightly lower, so the air pressure in the dust collection port 506 is higher than the air pressure in the fluidization chamber 4 , and the gas will drive the dust in the dust collection port 506 to flow into the fluidization chamber 4 through the return pipe 510 .
  • the dust carried away by the airflow during the working of the fluidized bed is collected in the cyclone separation bin 5 and returned to the fluidized bin 4 again, thereby preventing a large amount of dust from entering the exhaust system 6 .
  • Such repeated dynamic process can realize various functions such as drying, granulation, coating, chemical reaction, etc.
  • the cyclone separation chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 4 are directly connected through the central air inlet 508; as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the upper part of the side wall of the fluidization chamber 4 is composed of a flat section and an arc surface.
  • the bottom end 502 of the cyclone separation bin 5 shares a plane with the plane area on the side wall of the fluidization bin 4;
  • a fluidized bed includes: an air inlet system 1, a bottom silo 2, a silo 3, a fluidized silo 4, a cyclone separation silo 5, and an exhaust system 6;
  • the cyclone separation chamber 5 and the fluidization chamber 4 are directly communicated through the central air inlet 508, that is, there is no central air duct 509; other structures are the same as those in Example 1;
  • the bin 5 is connected as a whole, the structure is more compact, it is more convenient for cleaning, and it can save space;
  • the cyclone separation bin 5 is changed from horizontal placement to vertical placement, and the bottom end of the cyclone separation bin 5 is communicated with the side of the fluidized bin 4 instead of being communicated with the upper end of the fluidized bin 4, that is, the cyclone separation bin 5 is placed vertically On the fluidization bin 4, its axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the top of the cyclone separation bin 5 is upward;
  • a fluidized bed includes: an air inlet system 1, a bottom silo 2, a silo 3, a fluidized silo 4, and an air exhaust system 6;
  • the cyclone separation bin 5 includes a cylinder body, a centrifugal fan blade 505, a central air inlet 508, a dust collection port 506, and an air outlet 507;
  • the cylinder is a cylindrical or vertebral closed container composed of a top end 501, a bottom end 502 and a side wall 503; the length of the cylinder is 1--5 times its diameter; the end of the cylinder connected to the fluidization bin 4 is the bottom end, and the other end is the top end; the top end 501 of the cylinder body is a circular plane or a semi-ellipsoid, vertebral column; the bottom end 502 of the cylinder body is a circular plane;
  • a drive shaft 504 is installed in the center of the top 501 of the cylinder body, and the axis of the drive shaft 504 coincides with the central axis of the cylinder body; the centrifugal fan blade 505 is installed on the drive shaft 504, and the centrifugal fan blade 505 rotates under the drive of the drive shaft;
  • the cyclone separation bin 5 is placed vertically, wherein the axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the top 501 of the cyclone separation bin 5 is upward, and the bottom end 502 of the cyclone separation bin 5 and the upper end of the fluidization bin 4 have the same inner diameter, and are welded as one or connected to each other by flanges
  • the bottom end 502 of the cyclone separation bin 5 is also the partition between the fluidized bin 4 and the cyclone separation bin 5;
  • the dust collecting port 506 is an annular dust collecting port, located at the bottom end 502 of the cyclone separation bin 5 near the side wall 503 position, the outer edge of the annular dust collection port 506 is the inner wall of the cyclone separation bin 5 close to the bottom end;
  • the central air inlet 508 is circular, and its center is located on the central axis of the cyclone separation bin 5; the cyclone separation bin 5 and the fluidization bin 4 Directly communicate with the central air inlet 508 through the annular dust collection
  • the area near the central air inlet 508 is also equipped with a circular baffle 5081, the diameter of the circular baffle 5081 is 50%-150% of the diameter of the central air inlet 508, and the circular baffle 5081 and the central air inlet 508 Located on the same level or 5-200mm higher than the air inlet; the center of the circular baffle 5081 is located on the central axis of the central air inlet 508, and the circular baffle 5081 and the central air inlet 508 are combined to form an annular air outlet; the circular baffle 5081 The airflow can enter the cyclone separation bin 5 from its surroundings, which is conducive to the separation of fine powder;
  • One or more lower and upper atomizing spray guns 401 may be installed in the middle or upper part of the fluidization chamber 4, and the spraying direction of the upper atomizing spray guns 401 is downward;
  • One or more lower atomizing spray guns 303 may be installed at the bottom of the silo 3 near the air distribution plate 301; the spraying direction of the lower atomizing spray guns 303 is upward; the top of each lower atomizing spray gun 303 is also equipped with a guide tube 304 , the guide tube 304 is a hollow circular tube; the lower atomizing spray gun 303 is located on the central axis of the guide tube 304 .
  • the cyclone separation bin 5, the fluidization bin 4, and the bottom bin 2 are equipped with cleaning spray balls 203; the bottom bin 2 is provided with a water outlet 201.
  • the cyclone separation bin 5 is placed vertically on the fluidized bin 4 instead of being horizontally placed, and the shape is close to that of a traditional fluidized bed, which saves the horizontal space compared with the second embodiment, but improves the vertical space. High requirements, users can choose to use according to the actual situation;
  • the gas forms two spiral airflows under the action of the centrifugal fan blades 505, which are an outer spiral airflow and an inner spiral airflow.
  • the outer spiral airflow is emitted from the edge of the centrifugal fan 505, rotates along the inner side of the side wall 503 of the cylinder and moves to the bottom end 502 of the cylinder. After reaching the bottom end 502 of the cylinder, the radius of rotation becomes smaller and moves toward the center to form an inner spiral.
  • the airflow, the inner spiral airflow moves from the bottom end 502 of the cylinder to the top 501 of the cylinder while rotating, reaches the centrifugal fan 505, and is accelerated again to form an outer spiral airflow, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the inner spiral airflow and the outer spiral airflow rotate in the same direction and move in the opposite direction.
  • the airflow entering the cyclone separation bin 5 through the central air inlet 508 and the fine powder carried by it immediately merge into the inner spiral airflow inside the cylinder.
  • the spiral airflow is accumulated on the inner side of the side wall 503 of the cylinder, and under the push of the outer spiral airflow, moves to the bottom end 502 of the cylinder, and finally flows into the annular dust collecting port 506 .
  • the dust entering the cyclone separation bin 5 with the airflow is separated from the airflow and collected into the dust collection port 506 .
  • the air pressure at the location of the dust collection port 506 is much higher than the air pressure at the location of the central air inlet 508 .
  • the air pressure in the annular dust collecting port 506 is higher than the air pressure in the fluidization chamber 4 , and the gas will drive the dust to flow into the fluidizing chamber 4 through the annular dust collecting port 506 .
  • the dust carried away by the airflow during the working of the fluidized bed is collected in the cyclone separation bin 5 and returned to the fluidized bin 4 again, thereby preventing a large amount of dust from entering the exhaust system 6 .

Abstract

本发明公开了一种流化床，包括进风系统、底仓、料仓、流化仓、排风系统，流化仓和排风系统之间设置有旋风分离仓；旋风分离仓包括筒体、离心风叶、中心进风口、集尘口及排风口；筒体包括顶端、底端以及侧壁，底端与流化仓相连接，筒体采用圆柱形或圆锥形结构，筒体的长度为其直径的1--5倍，顶端为圆形平面或半椭球形、椎柱形；底端采用圆形结构，本发明适用于机械技术领域，能够克服过滤法和旋风法除尘的缺点，能达到以下两项技术效果：一是取消了过滤袋，从而彻底避免了滤材带来的易堵塞、阻力大、无法在线清洗，易破损、易脱落、易滋生微生物的问题；二是粉尘分离效率高；三是分离出来的粉尘，可实现自然回流。

Description

一种流化床 技术领域
本发明属于机械技术领域，具体是一种流化床。
背景技术
流化床，又称沸腾床，是一种利用气流通过颗粒状固体层而使固体颗粒处于悬浮运动状态，并进行气固相反应的装置。沸腾床广泛应用于化工、医药、食品、锅炉、矿山等领域，作为干燥、化学反应、燃烧、制粒、包衣等工艺过程的核心装备。沸腾床在工作的过程中，气体通过固体颗粒层时会带走大量的粉尘，需要通过过滤分离装置将粉尘分离出来，否则会降低收率，污染环境。传统的分离方法主要有两种，一种是过滤法，另一种是旋风分离法。
过滤法的主要缺点有如下几点：一是滤材本身的材质易对产品造成污染；二是滤材容易堵塞，需要采取振动、反吹等方式清理滤材上堆积的粉尘，粉尘清理效果不佳时会使滤材阻力增大，导致气流量下降，影响流化效果；三是工作结束后无法进行在线清洗，必须拆除滤材(如布袋)进行清洗干燥并重新安装，耗时费力；四是滤材容易破损、老化、脱落，引起质量风险并增加运行成本；五是滤材孔隙易滋生微生物，导致产品污染。
旋风分离法是利用旋风分离器分离空气带走的粉尘，其缺点主要有两点：一是分离效率低，导致大量的细粉外流；二是旋风分离器分离出来的粉尘无法直接向沸腾床回流，需要使用额外的回流装置，增加了设备投资，降低了工作 效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种流化床。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种流化床，包括进风系统、底仓、料仓、流化仓、排风系统，所述流化仓和排风系统之间设置有旋风分离仓；
所述旋风分离仓包括筒体、离心风叶、中心进风口、集尘口及排风口；
所述筒体包括顶端、底端以及侧壁，所述底端与流化仓相连接，所述筒体采用圆柱形或圆锥形结构，所述筒体的长度为其直径的1--5倍，所述顶端为圆形平面或半椭球形、椎柱形；所述底端采用圆形结构；
所述顶端中心处设置有驱动轴，所述驱动轴的轴线与所述筒体的中轴线相重合；所述离心风叶设置于所述驱动轴上，所述离心风叶在所述驱动轴的驱动下转动；
所述集尘口开设于所述底端或所述底端与所述侧壁连接处；
所述排风口开设于所述顶端或所述顶端与所述侧壁连接处，并与所述排风系统相连通；
所述底端中心处开设有中心进风口，所述中心进风口与所述流化仓相连通；
所述料仓的底部设置有布风板，用于承载物料；所述底仓的上端与所述料仓相连通；所述料仓的上端与所述流化仓相连通；所述底仓与所述进风系统相连通；
外部空气流依次通过所述进风系统、所述底仓、所述料仓、所述流化仓、所述旋风分离仓、所述排风系统。
优选的，所述旋风分离仓采用水平结构或倾斜结构，其采用倾斜结构时，其底面与水平面夹角为0.5°-10°。
优选的，所述旋风分离仓与所述流化仓之间连通设置有中心风管；所述旋风分离仓与所述中心风管连接处开设有中心进风口，所述中心进风口开设于所述底端中心处，所述中心风管与所述流化仓连接处开设有流化仓排风口。
优选的，所述流化仓的侧壁上部包括平面段和弧面段，所述底端与流化仓侧壁上的平面段相连接。
所述回流口开设于所述流化仓的侧壁上，且开口位置的高度低于所述集尘口的高度。
优选的，所述旋风分离仓的中轴线垂直于水平面，且所述旋风分离仓的底端和所述流化仓上端内径相同，并采用焊接或法兰连接；
所述集尘口采用环形结构，其位于所述底端靠近所述侧壁的位置；
所述中心进风口采用圆形结构，且其圆心位于所述旋风分离仓的中轴线上。
优选的，所述中心进风口一侧设置有圆形挡板，所述圆形挡板直径为所述中心进风口直径的50％-150％，所述圆形档板设置于所述中心进风口上方0-200mm，所述圆形档板的圆心位于所述中心进风口的中轴线上。
当所述旋风分离仓的中轴线垂直于水平面时，所述旋风分离仓与所述流化仓也可以合并为一个仓体，但这种变化并不改变流化床的整体结构和功能，为 便于描述和理解，本申请中未对合并后的仓体进行额外的描述，仍将其描述为两个仓体，即所述中心风口以上的区域为所述旋风分离仓，所述中心风口以下的区域为流化仓；
优选的，所述旋风分离仓与所述流化仓之间还连通设置有回流管，所述旋风分离仓与所述回流管连接处开设有集尘口，所述流化仓与所述回流管连接处开设有回流口。
优选的，所述流化仓内设置有若干个上雾化喷枪，所述上雾化喷枪喷雾方向向下。
优选的，所述料仓内设置有若干下雾化喷枪，所述下雾化喷枪喷雾方向向上，若干所述下雾化喷枪上方均设置有导流筒，所述导流筒采用中空结构，若干所述下雾化喷枪分别设置于若干所述导流筒的中轴线上。
优选的，所述流化仓、底仓、旋风分离仓内部均设置有清洗喷淋球；所述底仓的底部开设有排水口。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明能够克服过滤法和旋风法除尘的缺点，能达到以下两项技术效果：一是取消了过滤袋，从而彻底避免了滤材带来的易堵塞、阻力大、无法在线清洗，易破损、易脱落、易滋生微生物的问题；二是粉尘分离效率高；三是分离出来的粉尘，可实现自然回流。
附图说明
图1是本发明优选实施例中一种流化床的整体结构示意图一；
图2是本发明优选实施例中一种流化床的整体结构示意图二；
图3是本发明优选实施例中一种流化床的整体结构示意图三；
图4是本发明一种流化床中流化仓整体结构示意图；
图5是本发明一种流化床中流化仓剖视图；
图6是本发明一种流化床中环形进风口结构平面示意图
图7是本发明一种流化床中环形进风口结构剖视图。
附图标记：1、进风系统；2、底仓；201、排水口；203、清洗喷淋球；3、料仓；301、布风板；302、料温检测口；303、下雾化喷枪；304、导流筒；4、流化仓；401、上雾化喷枪；405、流化仓排风口；406、回流口；5、旋风分离仓；501、顶端；502、底端；503、侧壁；504、驱动轴；5041、驱动电机；505、离心风叶；506、集尘口；507、排风口；508、中心进风口；509、中心风管；510、回流管；5081、圆形挡板；6、排风系统。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-6，进一步说明本发明一种流化床的具体实施方式。本发明一种流化床不限于以下实施例的描述。
实施例1：
本实施例给出一种流化床的具体结构，如图1所示，一种流化床，包括：进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、排风系统6；其特征在于:
流化仓4和排风系统6之间还设有旋风分离仓5；旋风分离仓5倾斜放置，与水平面有0.5-10度的夹角，以利于清洗水的排出；旋风分离仓5与流化仓4 的连接方式是通过中心风管509相连通；
旋风分离仓5包括筒体、离心风叶505、中心进风口508、集尘口506、排风口507；
筒体为由顶端501、底端502以及侧壁503构成的圆柱形或椎柱形封闭容器；筒体的长度为其直径的1-5倍；筒体与流化仓4相连接的一端为底端502，另一端为顶端501；筒体顶端501为圆形平面或半椭球形、椎柱形；筒体的底端502为圆形平面；
筒体顶端501中心装有驱动轴504，驱动轴504的轴线与筒体的中轴线相重合；离心风叶505安装于驱动轴504上，离心风叶505在驱动轴504的驱动下转动；
集尘口506位于筒体底端502或筒体底端502与侧壁503的连接处；
排风口507开设于筒体的顶端501或顶端501与侧壁503的连接处，并与排风系统6相连通；
中心进风口508开设于筒体底端502中心处；旋风分离仓5与流化仓4通过中心风管509相连通；中心风管509的一端开口于旋风分离仓5的中心进风口508，另一端开口于流化仓4的侧壁靠近顶部的位置；
旋风分离仓5和流化仓4之间还连通设置有回流管510，回流管的一端开口于旋风分离仓5上的集尘口506，另一端开口于流化仓4的侧壁的下部区域的回流口406。
底仓2、料仓3和流化仓4均为圆柱形或椎柱形容器，其中轴线垂直于水平 面；料仓3的底部装有布风板301，用于承载物料；底仓2的上端与料仓3相连通；料仓3的上端与流化仓4相连通；底仓2与进风系统1相连通；
底仓2的上端面的内径与料仓3的下端面的内径相同，通过法兰连接或焊接；料仓3的上端面的内径与流化仓4的下端面的内径相同，通过法兰连接或焊接；
外部空气流依次通过进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、旋风分离仓5、排风系统6。
进风系统1的功能是对流化床工作所用气流进行预处理，根据工艺要求可设置供风风机、过滤装置、加热装置、温控装置、除湿装置、风速测量控制装置、压差测量装置等；
排风系统6对流化床所排放的气流进行处理，根据工艺要求可设置排风风机、过滤装置、消音装置、粉尘处理装置、尾气监测处理装置、温湿度监测装置等；
料仓3侧壁开设有料温检测口302；
流化仓4的中部或上部可装有若干个上雾化喷枪401，上雾化喷枪401的喷雾方向向下；
料仓3的底部靠近布风板301的区域可装有一个或多个下雾化喷枪303；下雾化喷枪303的喷雾方向向上；每一个下雾化喷枪303的上方还装有导流筒304，导流筒304为中空圆管；下雾化喷枪303位于导流筒304的中轴线上。
流化仓4侧壁开设有进料口402、流化仓4、底仓2、旋风分离仓5内部均 设置有清洗喷淋球203；底仓2的底部装有排水口201。
通过上述技术方案：
启动风机，同时启动离心风叶505的驱动电机5041，气流依次经进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、旋风分离仓5、排风系统6。当经进风系统1处理后的气流通过料仓3底部的布风板301时，料仓3内的物料在气流及重力的双重作用下达到流化状态，从而实现烘干、制粒、包衣、化学反应等功能。
在物料流化的同时，一部分物料随气流通过中心风管509、中心进风口508进入旋风分离仓5。
在旋风分离仓5内部，气体在离心风叶505的作用下形成两股螺旋气流，分别为外螺旋气流和内螺旋气流。外螺旋气流从离心风叶的边缘发出，沿筒体的侧壁503内侧旋转并向筒体底端502移动，到达筒体的底端后，旋转半径变小，向中心移动形成内螺旋气流，内螺旋气流在旋转的同时由筒体底端502向筒体顶端501移动，到达离心风叶505后，再次被加速，形成外圈螺旋气流，如此反复循环。内螺旋气流与外螺旋气流的旋转方向一致，移动方向相反。
通过中心进风口508进入旋风分离仓5的气流及所携带的细粉立即汇入筒体内部的内螺旋气流，细粉在离心力的作用下旋转半径增大，逐渐脱离内螺旋气流，汇入外螺旋气流，聚积在筒体侧壁503内侧，并在外螺旋气流的推动下，向筒体底端502移动，最终流入集尘口506。通过以上过程，随气流进入旋风分离仓5的粉尘被从气流中分离出来，并汇集到集尘口506。
由于集尘口506所在位置的气流旋转半径较大，集尘口506所在位置的气 压远高于中心进风口508所在位置的气压，而中心进风口508的气压与流化仓4内的气压相近或略低，所以集尘口506的气压高于流化仓4内的气压，气体就会带动集尘口506内的粉尘通过回流管510流入流化仓4。
经过以上过程，流化床工作过程中被气流带走的粉尘，在旋风分离仓5内被聚集并再次回流至流化仓4，从而避免大量粉尘进入排风系统6。
工作原理：启动离心风叶505驱动电机5041和风机，此时整个系统内形成一定负压；
将需物料投入料仓3布风板301上，物料在布风板301上呈流化状态；
部分细粉会随气流经中心风管509进入旋风分离仓5，而后立即汇入筒体内部的内螺旋气流，细粉在离心力的作用下旋转半径增大，逐渐脱离内螺旋气流，汇入外螺旋气流，聚积在筒体侧壁503内侧，并在外螺旋气流的推动下，向筒体底端502移动，最终流入集尘口506，经回流管510进入流化仓4；
如此反复的动态过程，可实现烘干、制粒、包衣、化学反应等多种功能；
过程结束后，关闭风机和离心风叶505的驱动风机5041，卸料；
清洗：依次打开旋风分离仓5、流化仓4、底仓2内的喷淋清洗球203，并打开底仓2排水口201；冲洗至规定时间后，关闭旋风分离仓5清洗喷淋球、流化仓4清洗喷淋球、底仓2喷淋清洗球203，关闭排水口201；按照开机流程开机并加热干燥，至规定时间后关机。
实施例2：
在实施例1的基础上，旋风分离仓5与流化仓4直接通过中心进风口508 直接相连通；如图4和图5所示，流化仓4的侧壁上部由平面段和弧面段共同构成，旋风分离仓5的底端502与流化仓4侧壁上的平面区域共用一个平面；中心进风口508位于旋风分离仓5与流化仓4结合区域的中心部位。
结构：如图2所示，一种流化床包括：进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、旋风分离仓5、排风系统6；
旋风分离仓5与流化仓4直接通过中心进风口508相连通，即没有了中心风管509；其他结构同实施例1；实施例2与实施例1相比，流化仓4和旋风分离仓5连接为一体，结构更加紧凑，更利于清洗，并可节约空间；
工作原理：同实施例1，不同处在于：由于没有了中心风管509，气流从流化仓4经中心风口508直接进入旋风分离仓5；
清洗：同实施例1。
实施例3：
在实施例2的基础上，旋风分离仓5由水平放置改为垂直放置，旋风分离仓5底端和流化仓4侧面连通改为和流化仓4上端连通，即旋风分离仓5垂直放置于流化仓4上，其中轴线垂直于水平面，旋风分离仓5的顶端向上；
结构：如图3所示，一种流化床，包括：进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、排风系统6；
旋风分离仓5包括筒体、离心风叶505、中心进风口508、集尘口506、排风口507；
筒体为由顶端501、底端502以及侧壁503构成的圆柱形或椎柱形封闭容器； 筒体的长度为其直径的1--5倍；筒体与流化仓4相连接的一端为底端，另一端为顶端；筒体顶端501为圆形平面或半椭球形、椎柱形；筒体的底端502为圆形平面；
筒体顶端501中心装有驱动轴504，驱动轴504的轴线与筒体的中轴线相重合；离心风叶505安装于驱动轴504上，离心风叶505在驱动轴的驱动下转动；
旋风分离仓5垂直放置，其中轴线垂直于水平面，旋风分离仓5的顶端501向上，且旋风分离仓5的底端502和流化仓4上端内径相同，并焊接为一体或通过法兰相互连接；旋风分离仓5的底端502同时又是流化仓4和旋风分离仓5之间的隔板；集尘口506为环形集尘口，位于旋风分离仓5底端502靠近侧壁503的位置，环形集尘口506的外缘即旋风分离仓5靠近底端的内壁；中心进风口508为圆形，且其圆心位于旋风分离仓5的中轴线上；旋风分离仓5和流化仓4通过环形集尘口506和中心进风口508直接连通。
如图6所示，中心进风口508附近区域还装有圆形档板5081，圆形挡板5081直径为中心进风口508直径的50％-150％，圆形档板5081与中心进风口508位于同一水平面或高于进风口5-200mm；圆形档板5081的圆心位于中心进风口508的中轴线上，圆形档板5081与中心进风口508共同组合形成环形风口；圆形挡板5081可使气流从其周围进入旋风分离仓5，利于细粉的分离；
流化仓4的中部或上部可装有一个或多个下上雾化喷枪401，上雾化喷枪401的喷雾方向向下；
料仓3的底部靠近布风板301的区域可装有一个或多个下雾化喷枪303；下 雾化喷枪303的喷雾方向向上；每一个下雾化喷枪303的上方还装有导流筒304，导流筒304为中空圆管；下雾化喷枪303位于导流筒304的中轴线上。
可选地，旋风分离仓5、流化仓4、底仓2内部装有清洗喷淋球203；底仓2的底部装有排水口201。
实施例3与实施例2相比，旋风分离仓5由水平放置改为垂直放于流化仓4之上，外形接近传统流化床，比实施例2节约了横向空间，却提高了纵向空间的高度要求，用户可根据实际情况选择使用；
原理：启动风机，同时启动离心风叶505的驱动电机5041，气流依次经进风系统1、底仓2、料仓3、流化仓4、旋风分离仓5、排风系统6。当经进风系统1处理后的气流通过料仓3底部的布风板301时，料仓3内的物料在气流及重力的双重作用下达到流化状态，从而实现烘干、制粒、包衣、化学反应等功能。
在物料流化的同时，一部分物料随气流通过中心进风口508进入旋风分离仓5。
在旋风分离仓5内部，气体在离心风叶505的作用下形成两股螺旋气流，分别为外螺旋气流和内螺旋气流。外螺旋气流从离心风叶505的边缘发出，沿筒体的侧壁503内侧旋转并向筒体底端502移动，到达筒体的底端502后，旋转半径变小，向中心移动形成内螺旋气流，内螺旋气流在旋转的同时由筒体底端502向筒体顶端501移动，到达离心风叶505后，再次被加速，形成外圈螺旋气流，如此反复循环。内螺旋气流与外螺旋气流的旋转方向一致，移动方向 相反。
通过中心进风口508进入旋风分离仓5的气流及所携带的细粉立即汇入筒体内部的内螺旋气流，细粉在离心力的作用下旋转半径增大，逐渐脱离内螺旋气流，汇入外螺旋气流，聚积在筒体侧壁503内侧，并在外螺旋气流的推动下，向筒体底端502移动，最终流入环形集尘口506。通过以上过程，随气流进入旋风分离仓5的粉尘被从气流中分离出来，并汇集到集尘口506。
由于环形集尘口506所在位置的气流旋转半径较大，集尘口506所在位置的气压远高于中心进风口508所在位置的气压，而中心进风口508的气压与流化仓4内的气压相近或略低，所以环形集尘口506的气压高于流化仓4内的气压，气体就会带动粉尘通过环形集尘口506流入流化仓4。
经过以上过程，流化床工作过程中被气流带走的粉尘，在旋风分离仓5内被聚集并再次回流至流化仓4，从而避免大量粉尘进入排风系统6。
工作流程：同实施例2，所不同的是：气流带着极少细粉经中心进风口508直接向上进入旋风分离仓5汇入内螺旋气流；外螺旋气流带动细粉向下旋转移动，经环形集尘口506直接进入流化仓4。
清洗：同实施例2；
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种流化床，包括进风系统(1)、底仓(2)、料仓(3)、流化仓(4)、排风系统(6)，其特征在于：
    所述流化仓(4)和排风系统(6)之间设置有旋风分离仓(5)；
    所述旋风分离仓(5)包括筒体、离心风叶(505)、中心进风口(508)、集尘口(506)及排风口(507)；
    所述筒体包括顶端(501)、底端(502)以及侧壁(503)，所述底端(502)与流化仓(4)相连接，所述筒体采用圆柱形或圆锥形结构，所述筒体的长度为其直径的1--5倍，所述顶端(501)为圆形平面或半椭球形、椎柱形；所述底端(502)采用圆形结构；
    所述顶端(501)中心处设置有驱动轴(504)，所述驱动轴(504)的轴线与所述筒体的中轴线相重合；所述离心风叶(505)设置于所述驱动轴(504)上，所述离心风叶(505)在所述驱动轴(504)的驱动下转动；
    所述集尘口(506)开设于所述底端(502)或所述底端(502)与所述侧壁(503)连接处；
    所述排风口(507)开设于所述顶端(501)或所述顶端(501)与所述侧壁(503)连接处，并与所述排风系统(6)相连通；
    所述底端(502)中心处开设有中心进风口(508)，所述中心进风口(508)与所述流化仓(4)相连通；
    所述料仓(3)的底部设置有布风板(301)，用于承载物料；所述底仓(2) 的上端与所述料仓(3)相连通；所述料仓(3)的上端与所述流化仓(4)相连通；所述底仓(2)与所述进风系统(1)相连通；
    外部空气流依次通过所述进风系统(1)、所述底仓(2)、所述料仓(3)、所述流化仓(4)、所述旋风分离仓(5)、所述排风系统(6)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述旋风分离仓(5)采用水平结构或倾斜结构，其采用倾斜结构时，其底面与水平面夹角为0.5°-10°。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述旋风分离仓(5)与所述流化仓(4)之间连通设置有中心风管(509)；所述旋风分离仓(5)与所述中心风管(509)连接处开设有中心进风口(508)，所述中心进风口(508)开设于所述底端(502)中心处，所述中心风管(509)与所述流化仓(4)连接处开设有流化仓排风口(405)。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述流化仓(4)的侧壁上部包括平面段和弧面段，所述底端(502)与流化仓(4)侧壁上的平面段相连接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述旋风分离仓(5)的中轴线垂直于水平面，且所述旋风分离仓(5)的底端和所述流化仓(4)上端内径相同，并采用焊接或法兰连接；
    所述集尘口(506)采用环形结构，其位于所述底端(502)靠近所述侧壁 (503)的位置；
    所述中心进风口(508)采用圆形结构，且其圆心位于所述旋风分离仓(5)的中轴线上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述中心进风口(508)一侧设置有圆形挡板(5081)，所述圆形挡板(5081)直径为所述中心进风口(508)直径的50％-150％，所述圆形档板(5081)设置于所述中心进风口(508)上方0-200mm，所述圆形档板(5081)的圆心位于所述中心进风口(508)的中轴线上。
  7. 如权利要求3或4所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述旋风分离仓(5)与所述流化仓(4)之间还连通设置有回流管(510)，所述旋风分离仓(5)与所述回流管(510)连接处开设有集尘口(506)，所述流化仓(4)与所述回流管(510)连接处开设有回流口(406)，所述回流口开设于所述流化仓(4)的侧壁上，且开口位置的高度低于所述集尘口(506)的高度。
  8. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述流化仓(4)内设置有若干个上雾化喷枪(401)，所述上雾化喷枪(401)喷雾方向向下。
  9. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述料仓(3)内设置有若干下雾化喷枪(303)，所述下雾化喷枪(303)喷雾方向向上，若干所述下雾化喷枪(303)上方均设置有导流筒(304)，所述导流筒(304)采用中空结构，若干所述下雾化喷枪(303)分别设置于若干所述导流筒(304)的 中轴线上。
  10. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的一种流化床，其特征在于：所述流化仓(4)、底仓(2)、旋风分离仓(5)内部均设置有清洗喷淋球(203)；所述底仓(2)的底部开设有排水口(201)。
PCT/CN2021/101142 2020-07-03 2021-06-21 一种流化床 WO2022001712A1 (zh)

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