WO2022000239A1 - 一种新型环保基材及其制备方法及新型环保基材复合板 - Google Patents

一种新型环保基材及其制备方法及新型环保基材复合板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000239A1
WO2022000239A1 PCT/CN2020/099152 CN2020099152W WO2022000239A1 WO 2022000239 A1 WO2022000239 A1 WO 2022000239A1 CN 2020099152 W CN2020099152 W CN 2020099152W WO 2022000239 A1 WO2022000239 A1 WO 2022000239A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
environmentally friendly
new type
substrate
base material
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PCT/CN2020/099152
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黎国平
吴斌
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江苏朗悦新材料科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/099152 priority Critical patent/WO2022000239A1/zh
Publication of WO2022000239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000239A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of decorative panels, in particular to a novel environmentally friendly substrate, a preparation method thereof, and a novel environmentally friendly substrate composite board.
  • Polyester fiber is a synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester obtained by polycondensation of organic dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, referred to as PET fiber, its biggest advantage is good wrinkle resistance and shape retention, high strength and Elastic recovery.
  • PET fiber synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester obtained by polycondensation of organic dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol
  • its biggest advantage is good wrinkle resistance and shape retention, high strength and Elastic recovery.
  • many enterprises have made a variety of decorative panels based on polyester fibers, which are environmentally friendly and recyclable.
  • the Chinese patent with the existing application publication number CN107556619A discloses a composite sheet for preparing interior and exterior trim parts of automobiles, comprising 55%-70% of bonding matrix, 25%-40% of reinforcement and 3%-7% of auxiliary , wherein the bonding matrix is one or more of polypropylene fiber PP, polyethylene fiber PE, polyester fiber PET, nylon fiber PA, and the reinforcement is one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber or plant fiber , the auxiliary agent includes infiltration liquid, nitrogen and phosphorus flame retardant and stabilizer, and the proportion of infiltration liquid is: stearic acid 30-40%, diluent 59.2-69.8%, silane coupling agent 0.2-0.8%.
  • the above-mentioned published patents aim to further improve the comprehensive performance of automotive interiors, so that the products have light weight and low VOC.
  • the prior art scheme in the above has the following defects: although the composite board in the above-mentioned published patent makes the product have the advantages of light weight and low VOC, as a board, especially when applied to floor and wall decoration, the board has a long-term effect. Problems such as water absorption and swelling, deformation and warping are easy to occur after use. Therefore, it is a problem to be solved to provide an environmentally friendly substrate with good weather resistance, strong stability, and not easy to deform and warp.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a new type of environmentally friendly substrate, which has the advantages of good weather resistance and less deformation and warpage.
  • the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a new type of environmentally friendly base material.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a new type of environmental protection base material composite board, which can be laminated with the above-mentioned new type of environmental protection composite board, fireproof board and PET transparent material to obtain a new type of decorative board with good stability and not easy to deform and warp .
  • a new type of environmentally friendly substrate is prepared from the following components by weight:
  • this solution selects PET spun fibers as the basic material, and uses the high strength and wrinkle resistance of PET spun fibers to improve the stability of the substrate, making it less prone to deformation and warping; by adding filler fibers, the substrate is further strengthened. by adding flame retardants to reduce the flammability of the substrate; using coupling agents to improve the interface affinity between materials, promote the wettability and adhesion between materials, and further improve the overall substrate
  • the stability of the material; the filler can be selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, fly ash, bentonite and clay, and the filler can be used to increase the volume of the substrate and improve the strength of the substrate.
  • This solution utilizes the synergistic effect of each component to improve the overall stability of the base material, so that the base material is less prone to deformation and warping.
  • the filler fibers are selected from one or more of PP fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, PE fibers and wood fibers.
  • PP fiber is light in weight, high in strength, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and can enhance the stability and wear resistance of the substrate; glass fiber can enhance the overall stability of the substrate on the one hand, and enhance the The tensile strength of the material; the use of carbon fiber can enhance the stability and high temperature resistance of the base material; the use of PE fiber can enhance the strength and corrosion resistance of the base material; the structure of wood fiber has a capillary effect, which can quickly remove the moisture inside the base material. It is transmitted to the surface and interface of the slurry, so that the moisture inside the substrate can be evenly distributed, which effectively improves the overall stability of the substrate.
  • the filling fiber is composed of glass fiber, wood fiber and hemp fiber, and the weight ratio of the glass fiber, wood fiber and hemp fiber is (13-17): (3 -7): (6.5-9).
  • the obtained base material has high stability and is less prone to deformation and warping.
  • the moisture content of the wood fiber is 0.5%-10%.
  • a specific moisture content can enhance the plasticity of wood fibers, increase the contact area between wood fibers and other admixtures, thereby enhancing the bonding firmness of wood fibers and other admixtures, thereby improving the substrate's durability. overall strength.
  • the length of the wood fiber is 3mm-200mm.
  • selecting wood fibers of a specific length can improve the overall stability of the base material to a certain extent, so that it is not easy to deform and warp.
  • a preparation method of a novel environmentally friendly substrate comprising the following steps:
  • the sheets obtained in S3 are laminated and then hot-pressed. After cooling, they are trimmed and sanded to obtain the new environmentally friendly substrate.
  • the calendering technology is used to discharge the pores in the sheet, so as to reduce the number of pores in the formed sheet, and reduce the influence of the pores on the strength of the sheet; material, so that the prepared substrate has high stability.
  • the hot pressing temperature in the S4 is 200-280° C.
  • the pressure is 5-20Mpa
  • the time is 5-30min.
  • the sheets can be effectively bonded and formed, and the obtained base material has high stability.
  • a new type of environmental protection base material composite board the surface of the new type of environmental protection base material is laminated to a surface layer to form a composite board, and the surface layer is any one of a fireproof board and a PET transparent material.
  • a new type of decorative board is formed by compounding the base material with fireproof board or PET transparent material, which effectively improves the overall stability of the decorative board.
  • melamine wear-resistant paper, melamine patterned paper, non-woven fabric or kraft paper or parchment paper impregnated with phenolic glue is subjected to high temperature and high pressure to form a fireproof board at a temperature of 130-180°C, Time 15-90min, pressure 10-20Mpa;
  • the base material is compounded with the fireproof board by using PU glue or PUR glue, which effectively improves the overall stability of the new type of fireproof board.
  • the PET thermal transfer pattern is continuously thermally transferred online to a new type of environmentally friendly substrate with surface fine sand above 200 mesh, and the thermal transfer temperature is 100-180°C;
  • the transparent material and the heat-transferred new environmentally friendly substrate are paved in sequence and hot-pressed, the temperature is 200-280°C, the pressure is 10-20Mpa, and the time is 15-30min. After cooling and shaping, it is cured to room temperature;
  • the thermally transferred substrate is compounded with the PET transparent material, which effectively improves the overall stability of the decorative board and makes it less prone to deformation and warping.
  • the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the present invention selects PET fiber as the basic raw material, and selects wood fiber with a specific moisture content and length, combined with other components with specific dosages, which effectively enhances the stability of the obtained base material, and the obtained base material is flexible. Good, recyclable, strong stability, not easy to deform and warp brittle;
  • the sheet is first made, and the air holes in the sheet are discharged by calendering, so as to reduce the influence of the air holes on the strength of the sheet, and then a plurality of sheets are laminated to make a base material by hot pressing technology, which greatly improves the production process.
  • the overall strength and stability of the obtained base material make the base material less prone to deformation and warpage after long-term use;
  • the present invention composites the base material on the fireproof board and the PET transparent material, which effectively improves the overall strength and stability of the traditional fireproof board and the PET transparent material, so that the fireproof board and the PET transparent material with the base material are not easily deformed and warped. issues, etc.
  • Example 1 The components and preparation methods of the novel environmentally friendly substrates disclosed in Example 1-Example 16 are the same, except that the dosage and process parameters of each component are different. For details, see Table 1. Example 1 is used for illustration. The preparation method of the new environmentally friendly substrate is as follows:
  • Table 1 The dosage of each component and the process parameters of the new environmentally friendly base material of Example 1-Example 14
  • Example 14 the filler fibers are all composed of glass fiber, wood fiber and hemp fiber in a weight ratio of 15:5:8.
  • Example 3 The only difference between this example and Example 3 is that the weight ratio of glass fiber, wood fiber and hemp fiber in the filling fiber is 13:3:9.
  • Example 3 The only difference between this example and Example 3 is that the weight ratio of glass fiber, wood fiber and hemp fiber in the filling fiber is 17:7:6.5.
  • Step S3 Blend the primary mixture with the secondary mixture, pave it into a cotton batting belt, and use a calendering roller to calender to form, and cut into sheets of different specifications according to actual needs , directly into the hot press for hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 230°C, the pressure is 15Mpa, and the time is 15min. After cooling, the edges are trimmed and sanded to obtain a new type of environmentally friendly substrate.
  • Comparative Example 1 The components and preparation method of the new environmentally friendly base material in Comparative Example 1-Comparative Example 6 are the same as those in Example 3, except that the dosage and process parameters of each component are different, and are shown in Table 2:
  • the composite board obtained in Example 1 in the comparative document (CN107556619A) is used as this comparative example.
  • a novel environmentally friendly substrate composite board with a fireproof board surface including the novel environmentally friendly substrate in Example 3 and a fireproof board attached to the surface of the new environmentally friendly substrate, melamine wear-resistant paper, melamine pattern paper, non-woven fabric Or kraft paper or parchment paper impregnated with phenolic glue, made into fireproof board by high temperature and high pressure, temperature 150°C, time 60min, pressure 18Mpa; use PU glue or PUR glue to compound the new environmental protection substrate and fireproof board by cold pressing, pressure 15Mpa; After the glue is completely cured, the edges are cut and trimmed to obtain a new type of environmentally friendly base material composite board with a fireproof board surface.
  • the composite board has high strength, is not easy to deform or warp, and can be directly constructed after the edge is directly milled out the buckle or the milling groove, which simplifies the construction process of traditional fireproof boards that need to be glued and improves the construction efficiency.
  • a new type of environmental protection substrate composite board with PET transparent material including the new type of environmental protection substrate in Example 3 and the PET transparent material attached to the surface of the new type of environmental protection substrate, first fine sand the surface of the new type of environmental protection substrate to 200 mesh , and then transfer the PET thermal transfer pattern to the surface of the new environmentally friendly substrate through continuous online thermal transfer, and the thermal transfer temperature is 160 °C. Press molding, temperature 260°C, pressure 18Mpa, time 25min, cooling and shaping, curing to normal temperature, tempering cooling at 85°C, cutting and trimming to obtain a new type of environmentally friendly substrate composite board with PET transparent material.
  • the composite board has high strength, is not easy to deform or warp, and can be directly constructed after the edge is directly milled out the buckle or the milling groove, which simplifies the construction process, and can be applied to the floor or wall decoration.
  • Example 17 Compared with Comparative Example 1, the test panels in Example 1-Example 17 showed better weather resistance and stability, indicating that the new environmentally friendly substrates were prepared with reference to the dosage disclosed in the present invention, so that the prepared new environmentally friendly substrates were The substrate has excellent weather resistance and stability, making the new environmentally friendly substrate less prone to deformation or warpage.
  • Example 3 Compared with Comparative Examples 2 to 7, the test panel in Example 3 showed better weather resistance and stability, indicating that the filler fibers were added with reference to the dosage and ratio disclosed in the To a certain extent, adding wood fiber according to the specifications and preparing the new environmentally friendly substrate with reference to the process parameters disclosed in the present invention can enhance the weather resistance and stability of the new environmentally friendly substrate to a certain extent, and reduce the possibility of deformation or warping of the new environmentally friendly substrate.

Abstract

一种新型环保基材，由以下重量百分比的组分制备而成：PET纺纤维55%-85%；填充纤维15%-44%；阻燃剂0.1%-2%；偶联剂0.001%-2%；填充料0-30%。其具有耐候性好、不易发生变形翘曲的优势。还公开了一种新型环保基材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将填充纤维、阻燃剂及偶联剂搅拌均匀，得一级混合物；将填充料与PET纺纤维搅拌均匀，得二级混合物；将一级混合物与二级混合物共混，铺装并压延成型，分切成片材；将片材层叠后进行热压成型，冷却后修边、砂光，得到环保基材。通过将混合物压延成片材，将多层片材层叠后热压成型，可提高成型后的基材的强度。该新型环保基材可与防火板或PET透明料形成复合板，得到稳定性好、不易变形翘曲的新型的装饰板。

Description

一种新型环保基材及其制备方法及新型环保基材复合板 技术领域
本发明涉及装饰面板的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种新型环保基材及其制备方法及新型环保基材复合板。
背景技术
聚酯纤维是由有机二元酸和二元醇缩聚而成的聚酯经纺丝所得的合成纤维，简称PET纤维，其最大的优点是抗皱性和保形性好，具有较高的强度与弹性恢复能力。现有很多企业以聚酯纤维为基础材料，制成了多种装饰面板，制成的装饰面板具有环保、可回收利用等优点。
现有申请公布号为CN107556619A的中国专利公开了一种用于制备汽车内外饰件的复合板材，包括粘结基体55％-70％、增强体25％-40％和助剂3％-7％，其中，粘结基体为聚丙烯纤维PP、聚乙烯纤维PE、聚酯纤维PET、尼龙纤维PA中的一种或多种，增强体为玻璃纤维、碳纤维或植物纤维中的一种或多种，助剂包括浸润液、氮磷阻燃剂和稳定剂，浸润液的配比为：硬脂酸30-40％、稀释剂59.2-69.8％、硅烷偶联剂0.2-0.8％。上述公开专利旨在进一步提高汽车内饰的综合性能，使产品具有轻量化和低VOC。
上述中的现有技术方案存在以下缺陷：上述公开专利中的复合板材虽然使产品具有轻量化和低VOC的优点，但作为一种板材，尤其是应用于地面、墙面装饰时，板材在长期使用后易发生吸水膨胀、变形翘曲等问题，因此，提供一种耐候性好、稳定性强、不易发生变形翘曲的环保基材是目前需要解决的一个问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的之一是提供一种新型环保基材，其具有耐候性好、不易发生变形翘曲的优势。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种新型环保基材的制备方法，通过压延成片材，将多层片材层叠后热压成型，提高成型后的基材的强度，使得基材不易发生变形翘曲。
本发明的目的之三是提供一种新型环保基材复合板，其可以由上述新型环保复合板与防火板、PET透明料进行贴合，得到稳定性好、不易变形翘曲的新型的装饰板。
本发明的发明目的一是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种新型环保基材，由以下重量百分比的组分制备而成：
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000002
通过采用上述技术方案，本方案选用PET纺纤维为基础材料，利用PET纺纤维的高强度和抗皱性提升基材的稳定性，使之不易发生变形翘曲；通过添加填充纤维，进一步增强基材的稳定性；通过添加阻燃剂，以降低基材的可燃性；利用偶联剂改善材料与材料之间的界面亲和力，促进各材料之间的浸润性和粘合性，进一步提高基材整体的稳定性；填充料可以选自碳酸钙、粉煤灰、膨润土和陶土中的一种或多种，利用填充料增加基材的体积，改善基材的强度。本方案利用各组分的协同作用，提高基材的整体稳定性，使得基材不易发生变形翘曲。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述填充纤维选自PP纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、PE纤维和木纤维中的一种或多种。
通过采用上述技术方案，PP纤维质轻、强度高、耐磨耐腐蚀，可增强基材的稳定性和耐磨性；玻璃纤维一方面可增强基材的整体稳定性，另一方面可增强基材的抗拉强度；利用碳纤维可增强基材的稳定性和耐高温性能；利用PE纤维可增强基材的强度和耐腐蚀性能；木纤维的结构具有毛细管作用，能够将基材内部的水分迅速传输到浆料表面和界面，使得基材内部的水分能够均匀分布，有效提高基材整体的稳定性。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述填充纤维由玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维组成，所述玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维的重量比为(13-17)：(3-7)：(6.5-9)。
通过采用上述技术方案，选择特定比例的玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维，使得制得的基材具有较高的稳定性，使之不易发生变形翘曲。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述木纤维的含水率为0.5％-10％。
通过采用上述技术方案，特定的含水率能够增强木纤维的可塑性，增加了木纤维与其他掺料的接触面积，从而增强了木纤维与其他掺料的粘结牢固度，进而提升了基材的整体强度。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述木纤维的长度为3mm-200mm。
通过采用上述技术方案，选择特定长度的木纤维，一定程度上提高基材整体的稳定性，使之不易发生变形翘曲。
本发明的发明目的二是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种新型环保基材的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按配比，将填充纤维、阻燃剂及偶联剂搅拌均匀，得一级混合物；
S2、按配比，将填充料与PET纺纤维搅拌均匀，得二级混合物；
S3、将一级混合物与二级混合物共混，铺装并压延成型，分切成片材，片材厚度为1mm-20mm；
S4、将S3中得到的片材层叠后进行热压成型，冷却后修边、砂光，即得所述的新型环保基材。
通过采用上述技术方案，先利用压延技术排出片材中的气孔，减少成型后的片材中的气孔数量，降低了气孔对片材强度的影响；再将多层片材通过热压制成基材，使得制得的基材具有较高的稳定性。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述S4中热压温度为200-280℃，压力为5-20Mpa，时间为5-30min。
通过采用上述技术方案，采用特定的温度、压力和时间，使得片材之间能够有效粘结成型，确保了制得的基材具有较高的稳定性。
本发明的发明目的三是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种新型环保基材复合板，将所述的新型环保基材表面贴合面层形成复合板，所述面层为防火板和PET透明料中的任意一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，将基材与防火板或PET透明料等材料复合形成新型的装饰板，有效提高了装饰板的整体稳定性。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：将三聚氰胺耐磨纸、三聚氰胺花纹纸、无纺布或酚醛胶浸胶的牛皮纸或羊皮纸，经高温高压成防火板，温度130-180℃，时间15-90min，压力10-20Mpa；
将防火板与新型环保基材使用PU胶或PUR胶冷压复合，压力5-20Mpa，待胶水固化后切割修边，即得新型的防火板。
通过采用上述技术方案，利用PU胶或PUR胶将基材与防火板复合，有效提高了新型的防火板的整体稳定性。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：将PET热转印花纹通过连续在线热转印至表面精砂至200目以上的新型环保基材，热转印温度100-180℃；将PET透明料和已热转印的新型环保基材按顺序进行铺装并热压成型，温度200-280℃，压力10-20Mpa，时间15-30min，冷却定型后养生至常温；
经70-99℃回火冷却，得到新型的装饰板。
通过采用上述技术方案，将热转印后的基材与PET透明料复合，有效提高了装饰板的整体稳定性，使之不易发生变形翘曲。
综上所述，本发明包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1.本发明选用PET纤维为基础原料，并选用特定含水率和长度的木纤维，结合其他特定掺量的组分，有效增强了制得的基材的稳定性，制得的基材柔韧性好，可回收利用，稳定性强，不易发生变形和翘曲脆化；
2.本发明先制成片材，并利用压延排出片材中的气孔，降低气孔对片材强度的影响，再将多张片材层叠后利用热压技术制成基材，大大提升了制得的基材的整体强度和稳定性，使得基材长期使用后也不易发生变形翘曲等问题；
3.本发明在防火板和PET透明料上复合基材，有效提高了传统的防火板和PET透明料的整体强度和稳定性，使得复合有基材的防火板和PET透明料不易发生变形翘曲等问题。
具体实施方式
实施例1-实施例16
实施例1-实施例16公开的新型环保基材的组分和制备方法均相同，不同之处在于各组分的掺量和工艺参数不同，具体见表1，以实施例1为例进行说明新型环保基材的制备方法，具体如下：
S1、按配比称取各组分；
S2、将填充纤维、阻燃剂及偶联剂搅拌均匀，得一级混合物；
S2、将填充料与PET纺纤维搅拌均匀，得二级混合物；
S3、将一级混合物与二级混合物共混，铺装成棉絮带状，并使用压延辊压延成型，分切成厚度为5mm的片材；
S4、将S3中得到的片材多张层叠后，送入热压机进行热压成型，热压温度230℃，压力15Mpa，时间15min，冷却后修边、砂光，得到新型环保基材。
表1：实施例1-实施例14新型环保基材的各组分掺量及工艺参数
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000004
实施例1-实施例14中填充纤维均由重量配比为15:5:8的玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维组成。
实施例15
本实施例与实施例3的区别仅在于：填充纤维中玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维的重量配比为13:3:9。
实施例16
本实施例与实施例3的区别仅在于：填充纤维中玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维的重量配比为17:7:6.5。
实施例17
本实施例与实施3的区别仅在于：步骤S3：将一级混合物与二级混合物共混，铺装成棉絮带状，并使用压延辊压延成型，根据实际需求分切成不同规格的片材，直接送入热压机进行热压成型，热压温度230℃，压力15Mpa，时间15min，冷却后修边、砂光，即得新型环保基材。
对照例1-对照例6
对照例1-对照例6中新型环保基材的组分和制备方法与实施例3均相同，不同之处在于各组分的掺量和工艺参数不同，具有见表2：
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000005
对照例7
本对照例与实施例3的区别仅在于：填充纤维中玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维的重量配比为10:9:4。
对照例8
以对比文件(CN107556619A)中实施例1制得的复合板材作为本对照例。
各实施例和各对照例中组分的来源见表3：
组分 来源
PET纺纤维 江苏海德新材料
麻纤维 沈阳北江麻业
碳纤维 福斯曼科技(北京)
氢氧化镁 上海麦克林生化科技
氢氧化铝 上海麦克林生化科技
酞酸酯偶联剂 广州潮顺化工
硅烷偶联剂 南京全希化工
碳酸钙 上海阿拉丁生化科技
聚丙烯纤维 上海易恩化学技术
硬脂酸 上海阿拉丁生化科技
玻璃纤维 上海麦克林生化科技
应用例1
一种具有防火板表面的新型环保基材复合板，包括实施例3中的新型环保基材以及贴合在新型环保基材表面的防火板，将三聚氰胺耐磨纸、三聚氰胺花纹纸、无纺布或酚醛胶浸胶的牛皮纸或羊皮纸，经高温高压制成防火板，温度150℃，时间60min，压力18Mpa；利用PU胶或PUR胶将新型环保基材与防火板冷压复合，压力15Mpa；待胶水完全固化后切割修边，得到具有防火板表面的新型环保基材复合板。该复合板具有较高的强度，不易发生变形或翘曲，边缘直接铣出卡扣或铣槽后可直接进行施工，简化了传统的防火板需要胶粘的施工流程，提高了施工效率。
应用例2
一种具有PET透明料的新型环保基材复合板，包括实施例3中的新型环保基材以及贴合在新型环保基材表面的PET透明料，先将新型环保基材表面精砂至200目，再将PET热转印花纹通过连续在线热转印至新型环保基材表面，热转印温度160℃，将PET透明料和已热转印的基材按顺序铺装送入热压机热压成型，温度260℃，压力18Mpa，时间25min，冷却定型后养生至常温，经85℃回火冷却，切割修边，得到具有PET透明料的新型环保基材复合板。该复合板具有较高的强度，不易发生变形或翘曲，边缘直接铣出卡扣或铣槽后可直接进行施工，简化了施工流程，可将该复合板应用于地面或墙面装饰。
针对各实施例和各对照例中制得的新型环保基材进行性能测试，测试过程如下：
一、吸水厚度膨胀率测定
参照GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》第4.4节对各试板进行测定。
二、尺寸稳定性测定
参照GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》第4.33节对各试板进行测定，记录各试板的厚度变化率。
三、静曲强度测定
参照GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》第4.7节对各试板进行测定。
四、甲醛含量测定
参照GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》第4.58节对各试板进行测定。
五、柔韧性测定
选择一根直径为4cm的抛光圆棒，将各基材制成宽度为5mm和厚度为5mm的长条形试板，将各试板分别缠绕在抛光圆棒上，缠绕10圈，抛光圆棒卷绕的速度为3r/s。本试验中，各实施例和各对照例分别选取10块试板，卷绕完成后，用放大倍数为10倍的放大镜观察试板表面是否有开裂现象，并记录发生开裂的试板的占比。
六、内结合强度
参照GB/T 17657-2013《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》第4.11节测试各试板的内结合强度，
测试结果见表4：
Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-000006
由表4可知，与对照例8相比，实施例1-实施例17中试板的吸水厚度膨胀率低于对照例8，且实施例1-实施例17中试板的尺寸稳定性、静曲强度、柔韧性和内结合强度均优于对照例8，表明本发明公开的新型环保基材具有较优的耐候性和稳定性，不易发生变形和翘曲。
与对照例1相比，实施例1-实施例17中的试板呈现出更优的耐候性和稳定性，表明参照本发明公开的掺量进行制备新型环保基材，使得制得的新型环保基材具有较优的耐候性 和稳定性，使得新型环保基材不易发生变形或翘曲。
与对照例2至对照例7相比，实施例3中的试板表现出更优的耐候性和稳定性，表明参照本发明公开的掺量和比例进行添加填充纤维，以及参照本发明公开的规格进行添加木纤维，参照本发明公开的工艺参数进行制备新型环保基材，一定程度上能够增强新型环保基材的耐候性和稳定性，降低新型环保基材发生变形或翘曲的可能性。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型环保基材，其特征在于：由以下重量百分比的组分制备而成：
    Figure PCTCN2020099152-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型环保基材，其特征在于：所述填充纤维选自PP纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、PE纤维和木纤维中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新型环保基材，其特征在于：所述填充纤维由玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维组成，所述玻璃纤维、木纤维和麻纤维的重量比为(13-17)：(3-7)：(6.5-9)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种新型环保基材，其特征在于：所述木纤维的含水率为0.5％-10％。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种新型环保基材，其特征在于：所述木纤维的长度为3mm-200mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种新型环保基材的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S1、按配比，将填充纤维、阻燃剂及偶联剂搅拌均匀，得一级混合物；
    S2、按配比，将填充料与PET纺纤维搅拌均匀，得二级混合物；
    S3、将一级混合物与二级混合物共混，铺装并压延成型，分切成片材，片材厚度为1mm-20mm；
    S4、将S3中得到的片材层叠后进行热压成型，冷却后修边、砂光，即得所述的新型环保基材。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种新型环保基材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述S4中热压温度为200-280℃，压力为5-20Mpa，时间为5-30min。
  8. 一种新型环保基材复合板，其特征在于：将权利要求1-5任一项所述的新型环保基材表面贴合面层形成复合板，所述面层为防火板和PET透明料中的任意一种。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种新型环保基材复合板，其特征在于：将三聚氰胺耐磨纸、三聚氰胺花纹纸、无纺布或酚醛胶浸胶的牛皮纸或羊皮纸，经高温高压成防火板，温度130-180℃，时间15-90min，压力10-20Mpa；
    将防火板与新型环保基材使用PU胶或PUR胶冷压复合，压力5-20Mpa，待胶水固化后切 割修边，即得新型的防火板。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种新型环保基材复合板，其特征在于：将PET热转印花纹通过连续在线热转印至表面精砂至200目以上的新型环保基材，热转印温度100-180℃；将PET透明料和已热转印的新型环保基材按顺序进行铺装并热压成型，温度200-280℃，压力10-20Mpa，时间15-30min，冷却定型后养生至常温；
    经70-99℃回火冷却，得到新型的装饰板。
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CN101489781A (zh) * 2006-07-07 2009-07-22 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 阻燃产品
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