WO2021253868A1 - 碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法 - Google Patents
碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021253868A1 WO2021253868A1 PCT/CN2021/078341 CN2021078341W WO2021253868A1 WO 2021253868 A1 WO2021253868 A1 WO 2021253868A1 CN 2021078341 W CN2021078341 W CN 2021078341W WO 2021253868 A1 WO2021253868 A1 WO 2021253868A1
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- Prior art keywords
- carbonate
- reaction
- catalyst
- borane
- hydroboration
- Prior art date
Links
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaborolane Chemical group CC1(C)O[B]OC1(C)C LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCCO1 YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 borate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QJZUYOALPRPNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl carboxy carbonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QJZUYOALPRPNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003335 steric effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PIZLBWGMERQCOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 PIZLBWGMERQCOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FMNFAXVBAQEWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminooxyboronic acid Chemical compound NOB(O)O FMNFAXVBAQEWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001979 organolithium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/04—Esters of boric acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2217—At least one oxygen and one nitrogen atom present as complexing atoms in an at least bidentate or bridging ligand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F1/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- C07F1/005—Compounds containing elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
- B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/11—Lithium
Definitions
- the invention relates to a borohydride reaction, in particular to a borohydride reaction method using carbonate and borane as raw materials.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new carbonate borohydride reaction method, which has a good substrate application range.
- the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a carbonate hydroboration reaction method, including the following steps, using carbonate and borane as raw materials, reacting to prepare amino borate in the presence of a catalyst.
- the catalyst is used to catalyze the reaction of carbonate and borane to prepare borate.
- the chemical structural formula of the catalyst is as follows: .
- organolithium reagents such as n-butyllithium requires strict conditions, such as ventilation, dryness, waterproofing, and heat protection, and it is harmful to experimenters during use.
- the storage of the deprotonated phenyl bridge-ketoimide lithium compound disclosed in the present invention Simple, routinely placed in a glass bottle and placed in a conventional reagent cabinet, it can be prepared in large quantities at one time, and then used directly afterwards, and it is harmless to experimenters during use.
- the product obtained by the borohydride reaction of the carbonate of the present invention is a borate.
- the hydroboration reaction of carbonate can be shown as follows: .
- the specific method for the borohydride reaction of carbonate is to stir and react borane and carbonate for 1.5 to 2.5 hours, preferably 2 hours, under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature to 60 o C in the presence of a catalyst. Then contact with air to terminate the reaction and obtain borate esters with different substituents.
- the borane is pinacol borane;
- the carbonate is ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dibenzyl carbonate, 1,3-dioxane -2-one.
- the amount of the catalyst is 1% of the molar amount of the carbonate, and the molar ratio of the borane to the carbonate is 3.3:1.
- the catalyst of the present invention comes from another invention application filed by the applicant on the same day, and the name of the invention is a deprotonated ⁇ -ketimide lithium compound and its preparation method.
- the present invention utilizes the first disclosed lithium complex to catalyze the hydroboration reaction of carbonate and pinacol borane, thereby developing a class of highly efficient catalytic boron
- the hydrogenation reaction method has simple structure and easy synthesis. It can catalyze the borohydride reaction of carbonate and borane with high activity at 60 o C.
- the amount of catalyst is only 1% of the molar amount of carbonate, and the reaction can reach 90%.
- the above yield compared with the existing catalytic system, reduces the amount of catalyst, the temperature is milder, and the yield is higher.
- the raw materials involved in the present invention are all commercially available products. Under the preparation method of the present invention, the specific operation steps and test methods are conventional methods in the field; the reactions of the synthesis examples are all carried out in the air.
- the method for preparing the above-mentioned catalyst lithium complex includes the following steps: mixing a small molecule organolithium solution with a ligand solution and then reacting to obtain a catalyst lithium complex; the chemical structural formula of the ligand is as follows: .
- the small molecule organic lithium in the small molecule organic lithium solution, includes n-butyl lithium, and the solvent is an alkyl solvent, such as hexane; in the ligand solution, the solvent is an ether solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.
- the molar ratio of small molecule organolithium to ligand is 4:1, and this ratio has not been reported in the synthesis and application of ⁇ -ketimine anionic ligand.
- the catalyst of the present invention comes from another invention application filed by the applicant on the same day, and the name of the invention is a deprotonated ⁇ -ketimide lithium compound and its preparation method.
- ⁇ -Ketimines as an important class of non-locene ligands, are easy to synthesize. Their charge and steric effects can be conveniently controlled by changing the substituents at the ⁇ and ⁇ positions, and they can interact with metals through a variety of coordination methods. Coordination to form a variety of structural metal complexes and other characteristics.
- ⁇ -diimine anionic ligands in organometallic chemistry, the application of ⁇ -ketoimine anionic ligands is less.
- Existing reports focus on the complexes with single anion ⁇ -ketimine as the backbone. There has been no report on the compound (complex) of the double anion ⁇ -ketimine ligand so far.
- Example 1 [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ] 2 catalyzes the reduction reaction of ethylene carbonate and pinacol borane: Add catalyst 5.84 mg to the reaction flask after dehydration and deoxygenation under an inert gas atmosphere (0.005 mmol), use a pipette to add ethylene carbonate (33.3 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol), pinacol borane (239.4 ⁇ L, 1.65 mmol), THF (200 ⁇ L), and after reacting at 60 o C for 120 min, Use mesitylene (69.6 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol) as the internal standard, stir evenly, use a dropper to pipette a drop into the NMR tube, and add CDCl 3 to make a solution. The calculated 1 H spectrum yield is 99%.
- the nuclear magnetic data of the product 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 3.90 (s, 4H, OCH 2 ), 1.21 (s, 24H
- Comparative example The catalyst is replaced with the same molar amount: .
- Example 2 [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ⁇ ] 2 Catalyzes the reduction reaction of propylene carbonate and pinacol borane: Add catalyst 5.84 to the reaction flask after dehydration and deoxygenation under an inert gas atmosphere mg, use a pipette to add propylene carbonate (42.4 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol), pinacol borane (239.4 ⁇ L, 1.65 mmol), THF (200 ⁇ L), and react at 60 o C for 120 min. Toluene (69.6 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol) was used as the internal standard. After stirring evenly, pipette a drop into the NMR tube, and add CDCl 3 to make a solution.
- the calculated 1 H spectrum yield is 99%.
- Example 3 [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ] 2 catalyzes the reduction reaction of 1,3-dioxane-2-one and pinacol borane: under an inert gas atmosphere, it is dehydrated After deoxygenation treatment, 5.84 mg of catalyst was added to the reaction flask, and 1,3-dioxane-2-one (51.1 mg, 0.5 mmol), pinacol borane (239.4 ⁇ L, 1.65) were added sequentially with a pipette.
- Example 4 [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ] 2 catalyzes the reduction reaction of dimethyl carbonate and pinacol borane: Add catalyst 5.84 to the reaction flask after dehydration and deoxygenation under an inert gas atmosphere mg, use a pipette to add dimethyl carbonate (42.2 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol), pinacol borane (239.4 ⁇ L, 1.65 mmol), THF (200 ⁇ L), and react at 60 o C for 120 min. Trimethylbenzene (69.6 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol) was used as the internal standard. After stirring evenly, pipette a drop into the NMR tube and add CDCl 3 to make a solution. The calculated 1 H spectrum yield is 95%.
- the nuclear magnetic data of the product 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 3.55 (s, 3H, CH 3 ), 1.21 (s, 36H, OBpin).
- Example 5 [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ] 2 catalyzes the reduction reaction of dibenzyl carbonate and pinacol borane: Add catalyst 5.84 to the reaction flask after dehydration and deoxygenation under an inert gas atmosphere mg, use a pipette to add dibenzyl carbonate (105.2 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol), pinacol borane (239.4 ⁇ L, 1.65 mmol), THF (200 ⁇ L), and react at 60 o C for 120 min. Trimethylbenzene (69.6 ⁇ L, 0.5 mmol) was used as the internal standard. After stirring evenly, pipette a drop into the NMR tube and add CDCl 3 to make a solution.
- the [L ph ' Li 4 (THF) 4 ] 2 complex is applied to the borohydride reaction of carbonate, with 1 mol% deprotonated phenyl bridged ⁇ -ketimine lithium compound as a catalyst, and the reaction temperature is 25-60 o C, the reaction time is 120 min, which can realize the efficient reduction of carbonate and pinacol borane.
- the method for purifying boric acid ester of the present invention after the reaction, the reaction mixture in the reaction flask is filtered, the filtrate is put into a vacuum drying oven, and excess pinacol borane and solvent THF are removed under reduced pressure to obtain pure boron Acid ester products.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种碳酸酯硼氢化反应,具体涉及一种以碳酸酯、硼烷为原料的硼氢化反应方法。β-酮亚胺作为一类重要的非茂基配体,具有易于合成,其电荷及空间效应可通过α位及β位的取代基的改变得以方便调控,以及可以通过多种配位方式与金属配位,从而形成结构多样性的金属配合物等特点。本发明提供新的碳酸酯硼氢化反应方法,有好的底物适用范围。
Description
本发明涉及一种硼氢化反应,具体涉及一种以碳酸酯、硼烷为原料的硼氢化反应方法。
不饱和化合物的硼氢化反应一直是科研工作者们的研究热点,迄今为止,已经有大量文献报道了羰基化合物的硼氢化反应。酯由于空间位阻和电子效应,活性不如醛酮高,关于酯的硼氢化反应研究相对较少。碳酸酯作为酯的一种类别,其硼氢化反应也引起了人们的注意。目前已经开发出了主族金属Mg类催化剂,过渡金属Mn类配合物以及稀土金属配合物。2019年,Walter 课题组报道了一种锰类钳形类复合物[Mn(Ph
2PCH
2SiMe
2)
2NH(CO)
2Br]催化羧酸,碳酸酯以及 CO
2与频哪醇硼烷的还原反应[Erken, C.; Kaithal, A.;
Sen, S.; Weyhermüller, T.; Hölscher, M.; Werlé , C.; Leitner, W.
Nat. Commun.
2018,
9, 4521.]。同年,我们课题组使用商品化的LaN
TMS作为催化剂,在温和的反应条件下实现了碳酸酯的高效还原[Xu, X.; Kang, Zi, Yan, D.
and Xue, M.
Chin. J. Chem.
2019,
37, 1142.]。2020年,Rueping课题组报道了使用碱土金属MgBu
2作为催化剂,可以实现碳酸酯的有效还原[Szewczyk, M.; Magre, M.;
Zubar, V. and Rueping, M.
ACS Catal.
2019,
9, 11634.]。
本发明的发明目的是提供新的碳酸酯硼氢化反应方法,有好的底物适用范围。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法,包括以下步骤,以碳酸酯和硼烷为原料,在催化剂存在下,反应制备氨基硼酸酯。
催化剂在催化碳酸酯和硼烷反应制备硼酸酯中的应用。
有机锂试剂比如正丁基锂存储需要严格的条件,比如通风、干燥、防水、防热,而且使用时对实验人员有危害,本发明公开的脱质子苯基桥连-酮亚胺锂化合物存储简易,常规放在玻璃瓶中,放入常规试剂柜即可,可以一次大量制备,后续直接使用,使用时对实验人员无害。本发明碳酸酯的硼氢化反应得到的产物为硼酸酯。
上述技术方案中,碳酸酯的硼氢化反应的具体方法为,室温~60
oC下,在氮气氛围下,在催化剂存在下,将硼烷和碳酸酯搅拌反应1.5~2.5小时,优选2小时,然后接触空气终止反应,得到不同取代基的硼酸酯。
上述技术方案中,所述的硼烷为频哪醇硼烷;所述碳酸酯为碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二苄酯、1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-酮。
上述技术方案中,所述催化剂的用量为碳酸酯的摩尔量的1%,所述硼烷和碳酸酯的摩尔比为3.3:1。
本发明的催化剂来自于申请人同日提交的另一篇发明申请,发明名称为一种脱质子β-酮亚胺锂化合物及其制备方法。
由于上述技术方案运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:本发明利用首次公开的锂配合物催化碳酸酯和频哪醇硼烷的硼氢化反应,从而开发出一类高效的催化硼氢化反应的方法,其结构简单,合成容易,可以在60
oC条件下高活性的催化碳酸酯和硼烷的硼氢化反应,催化剂用量仅为碳酸酯摩尔量的1%,反应可达90%以上的收率,与已有的催化体系相比,降低了催化剂用量,温度较温和,并且产率较高。
本发明涉及的原料都是市售产品,在本发明制备方法下,具体的操作步骤以及测试方法都是本领域常规方法;合成例的反应都在空气中进行。
本发明中,小分子有机锂溶液中,小分子有机锂包括正丁基锂,溶剂为烷基溶剂,比如己烷;配体溶液中,溶剂为醚类溶剂,比如四氢呋喃。
本发明,小分子有机锂与配体的摩尔比为4∶1,该比例在β-酮亚胺阴离子配体的合成应用中未曾报道过。
在三颈瓶中加入150 ml无水乙醇,10.8 g间苯二胺 (100 mmol),20.5 mL乙酰丙酮 (200 mmol),催化量对甲苯磺酸,加热回流24小时,得到红棕色液体及淡黄色固体混合物,抽滤,固体用无水乙醇重结晶,得淡黄色针状晶体24.5 g,得率90%,为配体L
phH
2。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ12.47 (2H, s, NH),7.32-7.27 (1H, m, ArH),
6.94-6.91 (2H, m, ArH), 6.86 (1H, s, ArH), 5.21 (2H, s, CH=C(CH
3)N),2.10 (6H, s, CH
3),2.01 (6H, s, CH
3)。
13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl
3):
δ196.54 (COCH
3),
159.62 (C=CH), 139.63 (Ar-C), 129.71 (Ar-C), 121.45 (Ar-C), 120.43 (Ar-C),
98.20 (=CH), 29.25 (CH
3), 19.94 (CH
3)。HRMS (ESI-MS) calcd. for C
16H
20N
2O
2
[M+H]
+: 273.1558, found: 273.1633。
在冰浴条件下,将正丁基锂的己烷溶液(19.40 mmol, 2.5 M)加入到L
phH
2 (4.85
mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液中,溶液由淡黄色清液逐渐变为浅桔红色浊液,1分钟加完之后,在室温下反应12 h;反应结束后,对反应液加热(100
oC)使其变成桔红色清液,清液浓缩至浑浊后离心,将上层清液继续浓缩至碎晶产生,加热溶解,然后自然冷却至室温,封瓶,室温下静置1 h,析出淡黄色晶体[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2
{L
ph
’ = C
6H
4[N(CH
3)C=CHCO=CH
2]
2},常规分离干燥,得到2.13 g产物,产率75%,晶体结构见图1。熔点:194.6-196.7
oC。
1H NMR (400 MHz, C
2D
6SO):
δ7.60-7.13 (2H, m, ArH),
7.00-6.96 (2H, m, ArH), 6.09 (2H, s), 4.55 (4H, s),1.69-1.66 (6H, m)。
13C NMR (101 MHz, C
2D
6SO):
δ179.53, 163.77, 154.04,
129.35, 127.83, 117.68, 116.40, 95.55, 28.88, 21.95。IR (KBr): 2972.71,
2869.81, 1590.41, 1500.86, 1468.03, 1412.07, 1360.89, 1318.03, 1280.73,
1238.47, 1146.11, 1053.76, 1019.62, 970.28, 924.75, 887.93, 806.76, 748.66,
699.55, 643.56。
本发明的催化剂来自于申请人同日提交的另一篇发明申请,发明名称为一种脱质子β-酮亚胺锂化合物及其制备方法。
β-酮亚胺作为一类重要的非茂基配体,具有易于合成,其电荷及空间效应可通过α位及β位的取代基的改变得以方便调控,以及可以通过多种配位方式与金属配位,从而形成结构多样性的金属配合物等特点。然而,与β-二亚胺阴离子配体在有机金属化学上的研究相比,β-酮亚胺阴离子配体的应用研究却较少。已有的报道集中在单负离子β-酮亚胺为骨架的配合物上。关于双负离子β-酮亚胺配体的化合物(配合物)迄今为止没有报道。
实施例一:[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2催化碳酸乙烯酯和频哪醇硼烷的还原反应:在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂5.84 mg(0.005 mmol),用移液枪依次加入碳酸乙烯酯 (33.3 μL, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在60
oC反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为99%。产物的核磁数据:
1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl
3)
δ3.90 (s, 4H, OCH
2), 1.21 (s, 24H, OBpin)。
在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂1.08 mg(0.005 mmol),用移液枪依次加入碳酸乙烯酯 (33.3 μL, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在60
oC反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为15%。
实施例二:[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4}]
2催化碳酸丙烯酯和频哪醇硼烷的还原反应:在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂5.84 mg,用移液枪依次加入碳酸丙烯酯 (42.4 μL, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在60
oC反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为99%。产物的核磁数据:
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3)
δ4.28-4.20 (m, 1H, CH
3CH),
3.71 (d,
J = 5.6 Hz, 2H, OCH
2), 1.21 (s, 12H, OBpin), 1.20
(s, 12H, OBpin)。
实施例三:[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2催化1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-酮和频哪醇硼烷的还原反应:在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂5.84 mg,用移液枪依次加入1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-酮 (51.1 mg, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在室温(25
oC)反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为99%。产物的核磁数据:
1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl
3)
δ3.90-3.87 (m, 1H, CH
3CH), 1.82-1.75 (quin,
J =
6.5 Hz, 2H, CH
2), 1.20 (s, 24H, OBpin)。
实施例四:[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2催化碳酸二甲酯和频哪醇硼烷的还原反应:在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂5.84 mg,用移液枪依次加入碳酸二甲酯 (42.2 μL, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在60
oC反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为95%。产物的核磁数据:
1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl
3)
δ3.55 (s, 3H, CH
3), 1.21 (s, 36H, OBpin)。
实施例五:[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2催化碳酸二苄酯和频哪醇硼烷的还原反应:在惰性气体氛围下,向经过脱水脱氧处理后的反应瓶中加入催化剂5.84 mg,用移液枪依次加入碳酸二苄酯 (105.2 μL, 0.5 mmol),频哪醇硼烷 (239.4 μL, 1.65 mmol),THF (200 μL), 在60
oC反应120 min后,以均三甲苯(69.6 μL, 0.5 mmol)为内标,搅拌均匀后,用滴管吸取一滴于核磁管中,加入CDCl
3配成溶液。经计算
1H谱产率为96%。产物的核磁数据:
1H NMR (400
MHz, CDCl
3)
δ7.31-7.19 (m, 10H, ArCH), 4.88 (s, 4H, OCH
2), 1.22
(s, 24H, OBpin)。
本发明将[L
ph
’Li
4(THF)
4]
2配合物应用于碳酸酯的硼氢化反应中,以1 mol% 脱质子苯基桥连β-酮亚胺锂化合物为催化剂,反应温度为25-60
oC,反应时间为120 min,可以实现碳酸酯和频哪醇硼烷的高效还原。
本发明硼酸酯的提纯方法:反应结束后,将反应瓶中的反应混合液过滤,滤液放入真空干燥箱中,通过减压除去过量的频哪醇硼烷和溶剂THF,得到纯的硼酸酯产物。
Claims (7)
- 根据权利要求1所述碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法,其特征在于,所述碳酸酯的硼氢化反应得到的产物为硼酸酯。
- 根据权利要求1所述碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法,其特征在于,碳酸酯的硼氢化反应的温度为室温~60 oC,时间为1.5~2.5小时。
- 根据权利要求1所述碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法,其特征在于,所述的硼烷为频哪醇硼烷;所述碳酸酯为碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二苄酯、1,3-二氧杂环己烷-2-酮。
- 根据权利要求1所述碳酸酯的硼氢化反应方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂的用量为碳酸酯的摩尔量的1%,所述硼烷和碳酸酯的摩尔比为3.3:1。
- 根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,反应的温度为室温~60 oC,时间为1.5~2.5小时,然后接触空气终止反应,得到产物硼酸酯。
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