WO2021251199A1 - 比抵抗値調整装置及び比抵抗値調整方法 - Google Patents
比抵抗値調整装置及び比抵抗値調整方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021251199A1 WO2021251199A1 PCT/JP2021/020738 JP2021020738W WO2021251199A1 WO 2021251199 A1 WO2021251199 A1 WO 2021251199A1 JP 2021020738 W JP2021020738 W JP 2021020738W WO 2021251199 A1 WO2021251199 A1 WO 2021251199A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- check valve
- resistance value
- specific resistance
- hollow fiber
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 507
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23124—Diffusers consisting of flexible porous or perforated material, e.g. fabric
- B01F23/231244—Dissolving, hollow fiber membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F21/00—Dissolving
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/32—Injector mixers wherein the additional components are added in a by-pass of the main flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/71805—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a specific resistance value adjusting device for adjusting the specific resistance value of a liquid and a specific resistance value adjusting method.
- the substrate is cleaned using ultrapure water.
- ultrapure water if the specific resistance value of ultrapure water is high, static electricity is generated. As a result, dielectric breakdown or fine particles reattach, which has a significant adverse effect on product yield.
- a method using a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane module has been proposed. In this method, a gas such as carbon dioxide gas or ammonia gas is dissolved in ultrapure water using a hollow fiber membrane module. Then, ions are generated due to the dissociation equilibrium, and the generated ions lower the resistivity value of the ultrapure water.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for stabilizing the specific resistance value even if the flow rate fluctuates.
- a hollow fiber membrane module for generating a small flow rate of gas-added ultrapure water and a bypass tube for passing a large flow rate of ultrapure water are provided. Then, the generated gas-added ultrapure water and the ultrapure water that has passed through the bypass pipe are merged. This makes it possible to easily adjust the specific resistance value of ultrapure water.
- Patent Document 2 when the flow rate of ultrapure water becomes low, the flow rate of ultrapure water supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module is higher than the flow rate of ultrapure water bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module. It may decrease and the specific resistance value of ultrapure water may increase. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, a technique is proposed in which a plurality of bypass pipes are provided and a shut valve is provided in one or a plurality of bypass pipes. In the technique described in Patent Document 2, when the flow rate of ultrapure water decreases, a part or all of the shut valve is closed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a resistivity value adjusting device capable of suppressing an increase in the resistivity value of a liquid even if the flow rate of the supplied liquid becomes low, with a simple configuration.
- the specific resistance value adjusting device has a liquid phase side region to which a liquid for adjusting the specific resistance value is supplied and a gas phase side to which the adjusting gas for adjusting the specific resistance value is supplied by a hollow thread film.
- a hollow thread film module divided into regions, a liquid supply pipe communicated with the liquid phase side region to supply the liquid to the liquid phase side region, and a liquid phase side to discharge the liquid from the liquid phase side region.
- a liquid discharge pipe communicated with the region, a gas supply pipe communicated with the gas phase region to supply the regulated gas to the gas phase region, and a gas phase side to discharge the regulated gas from the gas phase region.
- a gas discharge pipe communicated with the region, a bypass pipe communicated with the liquid supply pipe and the liquid discharge pipe so as to bypass the hollow thread membrane module, and a bypass pipe provided on the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side. It is provided with a first check valve whose opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure from the above.
- the bypass pipe is provided with a first check valve whose opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side.
- the opening degree of the first check valve becomes small.
- the pressure loss of the liquid flowing through the bypass pipe increases, so that the flow rate of the liquid supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module decreases with respect to the flow rate of the liquid bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module. Is suppressed.
- the flow path of the first check valve when the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side becomes equal to or less than the first operation start pressure, the flow path of the first check valve may start to narrow.
- the flow rate of the supplied liquid is large, there is no problem that the flow rate of the liquid supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module decreases with respect to the flow rate of the liquid bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module. Further, when the flow rate of the supplied liquid is large, the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side of the first check valve is large.
- the first check valve has a main body having a valve seat facing the liquid discharge pipe side, a valve body arranged on the liquid discharge pipe side of the valve seat, and a valve body on the valve seat side. May have a spring that pushes against.
- the first check valve has a main body having a valve seat facing the liquid discharge pipe side, a valve body arranged on the liquid discharge pipe side of the valve seat, and a valve seat. It has a spring that pushes to the side. Therefore, the degree of expansion and contraction of the spring changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side, and this changes the size of the gap between the valve seat and the valve body. Thereby, the opening degree of the flow path can be appropriately changed according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe side and the liquid discharge pipe side.
- the bypass pipe has a first bypass pipe and a second bypass pipe arranged in parallel with each other, and the first check valve is arranged in the first bypass pipe, and the second bypass pipe is arranged. It does not have to be placed in.
- this specific resistance value adjusting device since the first check valve is arranged in the first bypass pipe, it is possible to suppress an increase in the specific resistance value of the liquid even if the flow rate of the supplied liquid becomes low.
- the first check valve is not arranged in the second bypass pipe, it is possible to suppress a large pressure loss of the liquid flowing through the bypass pipe when the flow path of the first check valve is narrowed. ..
- the liquid discharge pipe is provided in the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion located between the downstream connection portion in which the bypass pipe is connected to the liquid discharge pipe and the hollow fiber membrane module.
- a second check valve whose opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module may be further provided.
- a second check valve in the liquid discharge pipe on the first upstream side changes the opening of the flow path according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module. Is provided. Therefore, by adjusting the settings of the first check valve and the second check valve, the distribution ratio between the liquid supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module and the liquid bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module can be adjusted. ..
- the first cracking pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve closes may be the same as the second cracking pressure at which the flow path of the second check valve closes.
- the first cracking pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve closes is the same as the second cracking pressure at which the flow path of the second check valve closes, it is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module. It is possible to suppress the bias of the distribution ratio between the liquid and the liquid that bypasses the hollow fiber membrane module.
- the flow path of the second check valve when the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module side and the side opposite to the hollow fiber membrane module becomes equal to or less than the second operation start pressure, the flow path of the second check valve May start to narrow.
- the flow rate of the supplied liquid is large, there is no problem that the flow rate of the liquid supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module decreases with respect to the flow rate of the liquid bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module.
- the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module side of the second check valve and the side opposite to the hollow fiber membrane module is large.
- the second upstream liquid discharge pipe portion of the liquid discharge pipe located between the hollow thread membrane module and the second check valve and the bypass pipe of the bypass pipe are connected to the liquid supply pipe.
- Further tubes may be provided.
- the liquid does not flow into the hollow fiber membrane module, so that the resistivity value of the liquid cannot be adjusted.
- the pressure of the upstream side bypass pipe portion is transmitted to the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion by the pressure transmission pipe, so that the pressure of the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion and the upstream side bypass pipe portion are transmitted.
- the pressure of the part is made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first check valve from opening the flow path and the second check valve from closing the flow path.
- the specific resistance value of the liquid is adjusted by using any of the above specific resistance value adjusting devices.
- the specific resistance value of the liquid increases even if the flow rate of the supplied liquid becomes low. Can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the 1st check valve and the 2nd check valve. It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It It is a graph which shows the measurement result of Example 1.
- FIG. It is a graph which shows the measurement result of Example 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic sectional drawing of the 1st check valve and the 2nd check valve. It is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of the first embodiment.
- the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A of the present embodiment includes a hollow thread film module 2, a liquid supply pipe 3, a liquid discharge pipe 4, a gas supply pipe 5, and a gas discharge pipe 6.
- a bypass pipe 7 and a first check valve 8 are provided.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 dissolves the adjusting gas G for adjusting the specific resistance value in the liquid L for adjusting the specific resistance value.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 21 and a housing 22 that houses these hollow fiber membranes 21 inside.
- the liquid used as the liquid L is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, pure water or ultrapure water for cleaning semiconductors, liquid crystals, and the like.
- the specific resistance value of pure water / ultrapure water is 0.1 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or more. Therefore, the specific resistance value of the liquid L may be, for example, in the range of 0.1 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, preferably 15.0 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, and more preferably 17.5 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or more.
- the upper limit of the specific resistance value of the liquid L is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 18.248 M ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the temperature of the liquid L is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 5 ° C. or higher, preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 20 ° C. or higher, and 60 ° C. or lower, preferably 40 ° C. or lower, more preferably. It may be in the range of 30 ° C. or lower.
- the supply pressure of the liquid L is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 MPa or more, preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.2 PMa or more, and 1.0 MPa or less, preferably 0. It may be in the range of 4 MPa or less, more preferably 0.3 MPa or less.
- the gas used as the adjusting gas G is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, carbon dioxide gas or ammonia gas.
- the temperature of the adjusting gas G is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 0 ° C. or higher, preferably 20 ° C. or higher, more preferably 25 ° C. or higher, and 60 ° C. or lower, preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably. May be in the range of 30 ° C. or lower.
- the supply pressure of the adjusting gas G is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 0.01 MPa or more, preferably 0.05 MPa or more, and 0.5 MPa or less, preferably 0.2 MPa or less, more preferably 0. It may be in the range of .15 MPa or less.
- the hollow fiber membrane 21 is a hollow fiber membrane that allows gas to pass through but does not allow liquid to pass through.
- the material, film shape, film morphology, etc. of the hollow fiber membrane 21 are not particularly limited.
- the housing 22 is a closed container that houses the hollow fiber membrane 21 inside.
- the membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 can be appropriately adjusted depending on the treatment flow rate (flow rate of the liquid L), and is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 0.1 m 2 or more and 120 m 2 or less. good.
- the range is 0.1 m 2 or more and 4.0 m 2 or less.
- may be a more high flow treatment e.g., 120 ⁇ 4000L / min
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is divided into a liquid phase side region and a gas phase side region by the hollow fiber membrane 21.
- the liquid phase side region is a region in the hollow fiber membrane module 2 to which the liquid L for adjusting the specific resistance value is supplied.
- the gas phase side region is a region in the hollow fiber membrane module 2 to which the adjusting gas G for adjusting the specific resistance value is supplied.
- the types of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 include an internal perfusion type and an external perfusion type. In this embodiment, it may be either an internal perfusion type or an external perfusion type.
- the inside (inner surface side) of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is the gas phase side region
- the outside (outer surface side) of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is the liquid phase side region.
- the inside (inner surface side) of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is the liquid phase side region, and the outside (outer surface side) of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is the gas phase side region.
- the housing 22 is formed with a liquid supply port 22A, a liquid discharge port 22B, a gas supply port 22C, and a gas discharge port 22D.
- the liquid supply port 22A is an opening formed in the housing 22 for supplying the liquid L to the liquid phase side region.
- the liquid discharge port 22B is an opening formed in the housing 22 for discharging the liquid L from the liquid phase side region.
- the gas supply port 22C is an opening formed in the housing 22 for supplying the adjusting gas G to the gas phase side region.
- the gas discharge port 22D is an opening formed in the housing 22 for discharging the adjusted gas G from the gas phase side region. Therefore, the liquid supply port 22A and the liquid discharge port 22B communicate with the liquid phase side region. Further, the gas supply port 22C and the gas discharge port 22D communicate with the gas phase side region.
- the positions of the liquid supply port 22A, the liquid discharge port 22B, the gas supply port 22C, and the gas discharge port 22D are not particularly limited.
- the gas discharge port 22D is preferably formed at the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane module 2, and more preferably formed at the lowermost end of the gas phase side region.
- the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 means the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 in the vertical direction when the resistivity value adjusting device 1A is installed.
- the lowermost end of the gas phase side region means the lowermost end in the vertical direction of the vapor phase side region when the resistivity value adjusting device 1A is installed.
- the liquid supply pipe 3 communicates with the liquid phase side region and supplies the liquid L to the liquid phase side region.
- the liquid supply pipe 3 is a tubular member having a flow path (not shown) formed inside.
- the liquid supply pipe 3 is connected to the liquid supply port 22A.
- the material, characteristics (hardness, elasticity, etc.), shape, dimensions, etc. of the liquid discharge pipe 4 are not particularly limited.
- the liquid discharge pipe 4 communicates with the liquid phase side region and discharges the liquid L from the liquid phase side region.
- the liquid discharge pipe 4 is a tubular member having a flow path (not shown) formed inside.
- the liquid discharge pipe 4 is connected to the liquid discharge port 22B.
- the material, characteristics (hardness, elasticity, etc.), shape, dimensions, etc. of the liquid discharge pipe 4 are not particularly limited.
- the gas supply pipe 5 communicates with the gas phase side region and supplies the adjusting gas G to the gas phase side region.
- the gas supply pipe 5 is a tubular member having a flow path (not shown) formed inside.
- the gas supply pipe 5 is connected to the gas supply port 22C.
- the material, characteristics (hardness, elasticity, etc.), shape, dimensions, etc. of the gas supply pipe 5 are not particularly limited.
- the gas supply pipe 5 is provided with a pressure adjusting valve 10 and a pressure gauge P.
- the pressure adjusting valve 10 adjusts the gas pressure of the adjusting gas passing through the pressure adjusting valve 10. That is, the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G in the gas phase side region is adjusted by the pressure adjusting valve 10.
- various known pressure regulating valves can be adopted.
- the pressure gauge P measures the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G flowing through the gas supply pipe 5.
- the pressure gauge P is provided on the downstream side of the pressure gauge P in the gas supply pipe 5, that is, on the gas phase side region side with respect to the pressure gauge P.
- various known pressure gauges can be adopted.
- the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G passing through the pressure adjusting valve 10 that is, the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G in the gas phase side region is set to a predetermined value.
- the pressure adjusting valve 10 is controlled based on the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G measured by the pressure gauge P so as to be (or within a predetermined range).
- the gas discharge pipe 6 communicates with the gas phase side region and discharges the adjusted gas G from the gas phase side region.
- the gas discharge pipe 6 is a tubular member having a flow path (not shown) formed inside.
- the gas discharge pipe 6 is connected to the gas discharge port 22D.
- the material, characteristics (hardness, elasticity, etc.), shape, dimensions, etc. of the gas discharge pipe 6 are not particularly limited.
- the gas discharge pipe 6 is provided with a leak portion 11.
- the leaking portion 11 leaks the adjusting gas G in the gas phase side region.
- the leak portion 11 is a capillary tubular member having a narrow flow path (not shown) formed inside.
- the adjusting gas G always leaks from the leaking portion 11.
- the bypass pipe 7 communicates with the liquid supply pipe 3 and the liquid discharge pipe 4 so as to bypass the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the bypass pipe 7 is a tubular member having a flow path formed inside. One end of the bypass pipe 7 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 3 on the upstream side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the portion where the bypass pipe 7 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 3 is referred to as an upstream connection portion 12.
- the other end of the bypass pipe 7 is connected to the liquid discharge pipe 4 on the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the portion where the bypass pipe 7 is connected to the liquid discharge pipe 4 is referred to as a downstream connection portion 13.
- the portion of the liquid discharge pipe 4 located between the downstream side connection portion 13 and the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is referred to as a first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A.
- a flow rate adjusting valve 9 is provided in the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 9 adjusts the flow rate of the liquid L passing through the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A, so that the liquid L supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2 are bypassed.
- the distribution ratio with (the liquid L supplied to the bypass pipe 7) is adjusted.
- the flow control valve 9 supplies the hollow fiber membrane module 2 so that, for example, the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is smaller than the flow rate of the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the distribution ratio of the liquid L to be generated and the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is adjusted.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 9 includes a flow path through which the liquid passes (not shown) and a valve body (not shown) that opens and closes the flow path and adjusts the opening degree of the flow path.
- various known flow rate adjusting valves can be adopted, and for example, a needle valve can be adopted.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 9 may be attached to any position as long as the distribution ratio between the liquid L supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2 can be adjusted.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 9 may be attached to a portion of the liquid discharge pipe 4 located between the upstream connection portion 12 and the hollow fiber membrane module 2, or may be attached to the bypass pipe 7.
- the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 bypasses the liquid L flowing to the liquid discharge pipe 4 through the hollow thread film module 2 and the hollow thread film module 2 at the upstream connection portion 12. It is distributed to the liquid L flowing from the bypass pipe 7 to the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the liquid L distributed at the upstream side connecting portion 12 merges at the downstream side connecting portion 13.
- the flow rate of the liquid L flowing through the hollow fiber membrane module 2 to the liquid discharge pipe 4 is larger than the flow rate of the liquid L flowing around the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and flowing to the liquid discharge pipe 4.
- the inner diameter (flow path diameter) of the bypass pipe 7 may be set.
- the first check valve 8 is a check valve provided on the bypass pipe 7 and whose opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the portion of the bypass pipe 7 located between the upstream side connection portion 12 and the first check valve 8 is referred to as the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A, and the downstream side connection portion 13 and the first check valve 8 are used.
- the portion of the bypass pipe 7 located between the two is referred to as the downstream side bypass pipe portion 7B.
- the upstream bypass pipe portion 7A is located on the liquid supply pipe 3 side of the first check valve 8
- the downstream bypass pipe portion 7B is located on the liquid discharge pipe 4 side of the first check valve 8.
- the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side is the difference between the pressure of the liquid L in the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A and the pressure of the liquid L in the downstream side bypass pipe portion 7B. .. Since the liquid L flows from the liquid supply pipe 3 side to the liquid discharge pipe 4, the pressure on the liquid supply pipe 3 side is higher than the pressure on the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the first check valve 8 is set with a first cracking pressure that closes the flow path of the first check valve 8. That is, when the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side becomes equal to or less than the first cracking pressure, the flow path of the first check valve 8 closes, and the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side become When the differential pressure of the first check valve becomes larger than the first cracking pressure, the flow path of the first check valve 8 opens.
- the first cracking pressure is a predetermined pressure value.
- the first cracking pressure is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 kPa or more, preferably 0.1 kPa or more, more preferably 1 kPa or more, and 100 kPa or less, preferably 50 kPa or less. , More preferably in the range of 20 kPa or less.
- the first check valve 8 is set with a first operation start pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve 8 begins to narrow. That is, when the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side is larger than the first operation start pressure, the flow path of the first check valve 8 is maintained in a fully open state, and the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the flow path are kept fully open. When the differential pressure with the liquid discharge pipe 4 side becomes equal to or less than the first operation start pressure, the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes narrow.
- the first operation start pressure is a predetermined pressure value.
- the first operation starting pressure is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 1 kPa or more, preferably 5 kPa or more, more preferably 10 kPa or more, and 200 kPa or less, preferably 150 kPa or less, more preferably. May be in the range of 100 kPa or less.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path when the first check valve 8 is fully opened is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1/16 inch or more, preferably 1/8 inch or more, and 2 inches or less. , Preferably in the range of 1 inch or less.
- the Cv value of the first check valve 8 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 0.1 or more and 10 or less.
- the Cv value is the volume (flow rate) of the liquid L passing through the first check valve 8 per unit time when the first check valve 8 is fully opened.
- the first check valve 8 may include, for example, a main body 81, a valve body 82, and a spring 83, as shown in FIG.
- the main body 81 has a flow path 85 in which the liquid L flows through the flow path of the bypass pipe 7, and a valve seat 86 that forms a part of the flow path 85 and serves as a seat surface of the valve body 82.
- the valve seat 86 is directed to the liquid discharge pipe 4 side (downstream side bypass pipe portion 7B side) in the flow direction of the liquid L. That is, the valve seat 86 is formed in a funnel shape (conical cone shape, tapered surface shape) extending toward the liquid discharge pipe 4 side (downstream side bypass pipe portion 7B side).
- the valve body 82 is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 4 side (downstream side bypass pipe portion 7B side) of the valve seat 86 in the flow path 85 of the main body 81.
- the valve body 82 has a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface facing the valve seat 86 and an O-ring fitted in the groove so that the flow path 85 can be closed in close contact with the valve seat 86. is doing.
- the spring 83 is a member that pushes the valve body 82 toward the valve seat 86. Then, the spring 83 is inserted between the valve body 82 and the support member 87 in a compressed state so as to push the valve body 82 toward the valve seat 86 with respect to the support member 87 fixed to the main body 81. ing.
- the first cracking pressure at which the flow path 85 of the first check valve 8 closes and the first operation start pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve 8 begins to narrow are determined by the spring multiplier of the spring 83 and the like.
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A is large, and the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side is the first reverse.
- the flow path of the first check valve 8 is fully opened. This state is called the fully open state.
- the fully open state the flow path of the first check valve 8 does not become wide or narrow even if the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side changes.
- the state in which the spring 83 is contracted and the flow path 85 of the first check valve 8 is fully opened is the fully opened state.
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A becomes small, and the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side is equal to or less than the first operation start pressure of the first check valve 8. Then, the flow path of the first check valve 8 begins to narrow. This state is called a half-open state.
- the state in which the spring 83 extends from the fully open state and the flow path 85 is maintained in the open state while the valve body 82 approaches the valve seat 86 is the half-open state.
- the opening degree of the flow path of the first check valve 8 changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A becomes smaller, and the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side is equal to or less than the first check valve pressure of the first check valve 8. Then, the flow path of the first check valve 8 is closed. This state is called the closed state.
- the first check valve 8 shown in FIG. 2 the state in which the spring 83 is extended, the valve body 82 is in close contact with the valve seat 86, and the flow path 85 is closed is the closed state.
- the adjusting gas is passed through the gas phase side region while the liquid L is passed through the liquid phase side region, and the adjusting gas G is dissolved in the liquid L. Then, the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved and the liquid L in which the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is bypassed are mixed to adjust the specific resistance value of the liquid L.
- the liquid L is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 and the adjustment gas G is supplied to the gas supply pipe 5. Then, the liquid L is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 3 to the liquid phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the liquid L branches from the liquid supply pipe 3 at the upstream connection portion 12, passes through the bypass pipe 7 so as to bypass the hollow fiber membrane module 2, and is discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4.
- the adjusting gas G is supplied from the gas supply pipe 5 to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the gas discharge pipe 6. In the hollow fiber membrane module 2, the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas phase side region is dissolved in the liquid L supplied to the liquid phase side region by passing through the hollow fiber membrane 21.
- the opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes large. Become wider.
- the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes small and the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side of the first check valve 8 becomes small, the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes small. It gets narrower.
- the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved by the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L that has passed through the bypass pipe 7 are mixed at the downstream connection portion 13. Thereby, the specific resistance value of the liquid L can be easily adjusted regardless of the flow rate of the liquid L.
- the opening of the flow path of the bypass pipe 7 changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- a valve 8 is provided.
- the opening degree of the first check valve 8 becomes small.
- the pressure loss of the liquid L flowing through the bypass pipe 7 becomes large, so that the pressure loss of the liquid L is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 with respect to the flow rate of the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2. The decrease in the flow rate of the liquid L is suppressed.
- the first check valve 8 has a main body 81 having a valve seat 86 directed to the liquid discharge pipe 4 side and a valve arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 4 side of the valve seat 86. It has a body 82 and a spring 83 that pushes the valve body 82 toward the valve seat 86. Therefore, the degree of expansion and contraction of the spring 83 changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4, and thereby the size of the gap between the valve seat 86 and the valve body 82 changes. .. Thereby, the opening degree of the flow path can be appropriately changed according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and differs from the first embodiment in that the bypass pipe has the first bypass pipe and the second bypass pipe. Therefore, in the following, only the matters different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the same matters as the first embodiment will be omitted.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of the second embodiment.
- the specific resistance value adjusting device 1B of the present embodiment includes a hollow thread film module 2, a liquid supply pipe 3, a liquid discharge pipe 4, a gas supply pipe 5, and a gas discharge pipe 6.
- a bypass pipe 7 and a first check valve 8 are provided.
- the bypass pipe 7 has a first bypass pipe 71 and a second bypass pipe 72 arranged in parallel with each other.
- the first bypass pipe 71 and the second bypass pipe 72 may be arranged in parallel with each other in all the regions between the upstream side connection portion 12 and the downstream side connection portion 13, and the upstream side connection portion 12 and the downstream side connection portion 12 and the downstream side connection portion 12 may be arranged in parallel with each other. They may be arranged in parallel with each other in a part of the area between the side connecting portion 13 and the side connecting portion 13.
- the first bypass pipe 71 and the second bypass pipe 72 are arranged in parallel with each other in a part of the region between the upstream side connecting portion 12 and the downstream side connecting portion 13. It is explained as.
- the first bypass pipe 71 and the second bypass pipe 72 are basically the same as the bypass pipe 7 of the first embodiment, but the first check valve 8 is arranged in the first bypass pipe 71. It is not arranged in the second bypass pipe 72. Therefore, the liquid L supplied to the first bypass pipe 71 flows to the liquid discharge pipe 4 through the first check valve 8, but the liquid L supplied to the second bypass pipe 72 is the first. It flows to the liquid discharge pipe 4 without passing through the check valve 8.
- the adjusting gas is passed through the gas phase side region while the liquid L is passed through the liquid phase side region, and the adjusting gas G is dissolved in the liquid L. Then, the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved and the liquid L in which the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is bypassed are mixed to adjust the specific resistance value of the liquid L.
- the liquid L is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 and the adjustment gas G is supplied to the gas supply pipe 5. Then, the liquid L is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 3 to the liquid phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the liquid L branches from the liquid supply pipe 3 at the upstream connection portion 12, passes through the first bypass pipe 71 or the second bypass pipe 72 so as to bypass the hollow fiber membrane module 2, and reaches the liquid discharge pipe 4. It is discharged.
- the adjusting gas G is supplied from the gas supply pipe 5 to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the gas discharge pipe 6. In the hollow fiber membrane module 2, the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas phase side region is dissolved in the liquid L supplied to the liquid phase side region by passing through the hollow fiber membrane 21.
- the flow rate of the liquid L to be supplied is adjusted according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the opening degree of the flow path changes accordingly.
- the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved by the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L that has passed through the first bypass pipe 71 or the second bypass pipe 72 are mixed at the downstream connection portion 13. Thereby, the specific resistance value of the liquid L can be easily adjusted regardless of the flow rate of the liquid L.
- the first check valve 8 is arranged in the first bypass pipe 71, the liquid L is supplied even if the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes low. It is possible to suppress an increase in the specific resistance value.
- the first check valve 8 is not arranged in the second bypass pipe 72, when the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes narrower, the bypass pipe 7 (first bypass pipe 71 and second) It is possible to suppress an increase in the pressure loss of the liquid L flowing through the bypass pipe 72).
- the third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and differs from the first embodiment in that a second check valve is provided. Therefore, in the following, only the matters different from the first embodiment will be described, and the description of the same matters as the first embodiment will be omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of the third embodiment.
- the specific resistance value adjusting device 1C of the present embodiment includes a hollow thread film module 2, a liquid supply pipe 3, a liquid discharge pipe 4, a gas supply pipe 5, and a gas discharge pipe 6.
- a bypass pipe 7, a first check valve 8, and a second check valve 14 are provided.
- the second check valve 14 is provided in the liquid discharge pipe portion 4A on the first upstream side, and the opening degree of the flow path is increased according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2. It is a changing check valve.
- the portion of the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A located between the hollow thread film module 2 and the second check valve 14 is referred to as the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B, and the downstream side connection portion.
- the portion of the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A located between the 13 and the second check valve 14 is referred to as the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C.
- the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B is located on the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side of the second check valve 14, and the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C is the liquid discharge pipe 4 of the second check valve 14. Located on the side. Therefore, the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is the pressure of the liquid L in the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B and the pressure in the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C. It becomes the difference from the pressure of the liquid L of. Since the liquid L flows from the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side to the liquid discharge pipe 4 side, the pressure on the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side is higher than the pressure on the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the second check valve 14 is set with a second cracking pressure that closes the flow path of the second check valve 14. That is, when the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 becomes equal to or less than the second cracking pressure, the flow path of the second check valve 14 closes, and the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side are hollow. When the differential pressure with the opposite side of the filament membrane module 2 becomes larger than the second cracking pressure, the flow path of the second check valve 14 opens.
- the second cracking pressure is a predetermined pressure value.
- the second cracking pressure may be the same as the first cracking pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve 8 is closed.
- the second cracking pressure is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.01 kPa or more, preferably 0.1 kPa or more, more preferably 1 kPa or more, and 100 kPa or less, preferably 50 kPa or less. , More preferably, it may be in the range of 20 kPa or less.
- the second check valve 14 is set with a second operation start pressure at which the flow path of the second check valve 14 begins to narrow. That is, when the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is larger than the second operation start pressure, the flow path of the second check valve 14 is held in a fully open state, and the hollow fiber When the differential pressure between the membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 becomes equal to or less than the second operation start pressure, the flow path of the second check valve 14 becomes narrow.
- the second operation start pressure is a predetermined pressure value.
- the second operation start pressure may be the same as the first operation start pressure at which the flow path of the first check valve 8 begins to narrow.
- the second operation starting pressure is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 1 kPa or more, preferably 5 kPa or more, more preferably 10 kPa or more, and 200 kPa or less, preferably 150 kPa or less, more preferably. May be in the range of 100 kPa or less.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path when the second check valve 14 is fully opened, the pressure loss of the liquid L in the second check valve 14, and the like may be the same as those of the first check valve 8.
- the second check valve 14 may include, for example, a main body 141, a valve body 142, and a spring 143, as shown in FIG.
- the main body 141 has a flow path 145 in which the liquid L flows through the flow path of the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A, and a valve seat that forms a part of the flow path 145 and serves as a seat surface of the valve body 142. It has 146 and.
- the valve seat 146 is directed to the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C side in the flow direction of the liquid L. That is, the valve seat 146 is formed in a funnel shape (conical cone shape, tapered surface shape) extending toward the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C side.
- the valve body 142 is arranged on the third upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4C side of the valve seat 146 in the flow path 145 of the main body 141.
- the valve body 142 has a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface facing the valve seat 146 and an O-ring fitted in the groove so that the flow path 145 can be closed in close contact with the valve seat 146. is doing.
- the spring 143 is a member that pushes the valve body 142 toward the valve seat 146. Then, the spring 143 has the valve body 142 and the support member 147 in a compressed state so as to push the valve body 142 toward the valve seat 146 with respect to the support member 147 fixed to the valve body 142 and the main body 141. It is inserted in between. In this case, the second cracking pressure at which the flow path 145 of the second check valve 14 closes and the second operation start pressure at which the flow path of the second check valve 14 begins to narrow are determined by the spring multiplier of the spring 143 and the like.
- the adjusting gas is passed through the gas phase side region while the liquid L is passed through the liquid phase side region, and the adjusting gas G is dissolved in the liquid L. Then, the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved and the liquid L in which the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is bypassed are mixed to adjust the specific resistance value of the liquid L.
- the liquid L is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 and the adjustment gas G is supplied to the gas supply pipe 5. Then, the liquid L is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 3 to the liquid phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the liquid L branches from the liquid supply pipe 3 at the upstream connection portion 12, passes through the bypass pipe 7 so as to bypass the hollow fiber membrane module 2, and is discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4.
- the adjusting gas G is supplied from the gas supply pipe 5 to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the gas discharge pipe 6. In the hollow fiber membrane module 2, the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas phase side region is dissolved in the liquid L supplied to the liquid phase side region by passing through the hollow fiber membrane 21.
- the opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side.
- the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes large. Become wider.
- the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes small and the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4 side of the first check valve 8 becomes small, the flow path of the first check valve 8 becomes small. It gets narrower.
- the flow path is opened according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the degree changes. For example, when the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes large and the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side of the second check valve 14 and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 becomes large, the second check valve 14 becomes large. The flow path of is widened. On the other hand, when the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes small and the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side of the second check valve 14 and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 becomes small, the second check valve 14 The flow path of is narrowed.
- the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved by the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L that has passed through the bypass pipe 7 are mixed at the downstream connection portion 13. Thereby, the specific resistance value of the liquid L can be easily adjusted regardless of the flow rate of the liquid L.
- the liquid flows through the first upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4A according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- a second check valve 14 that changes the opening degree of the road is provided. Therefore, by adjusting the settings of the first check valve 8 and the second check valve 14, the distribution ratio of the liquid L supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2 Can be adjusted.
- the hollow fiber membrane It is possible to suppress a bias in the distribution ratio between the liquid L supplied to the module 2 and the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, and differs from the third embodiment in that a pressure transmission pipe is provided. Therefore, in the following, only the matters different from the third embodiment will be described, and the description of the same matters as the third embodiment will be omitted.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific resistance value adjusting device of the fourth embodiment.
- the specific resistance value adjusting device 1D of the present embodiment includes a hollow thread film module 2, a liquid supply pipe 3, a liquid discharge pipe 4, a gas supply pipe 5, and a gas discharge pipe 6.
- a bypass pipe 7, a first check valve 8, a second check valve 14, and a pressure transmission pipe 15 are provided.
- the pressure transmission tube 15 is a tubular member having a flow path formed inside. One end of the pressure transmission pipe 15 is connected to the second upstream liquid discharge pipe portion 4B. The other end of the pressure transmission pipe 15 is connected to the upstream bypass pipe portion 7A. That is, the pressure transmission pipe 15 communicates with the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B and the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A, and transmits the pressure of the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A to the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B. .. In this case, the pressure transmission pipe 15 transmits the pressure of the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A to the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B, but between the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A and the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B.
- the cross-sectional area of the pressure transmission pipe 15 is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of the upstream bypass pipe portion 7A or the second upstream liquid discharge pipe portion 4B.
- the cross-sectional areas of the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A and the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B are the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A and the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion. It is the area of the cross section orthogonal to each flow path of 4B, and is the smallest cross-sectional area of each of the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A, and the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B.
- the pressure transmission pipe 15 may have any configuration as long as the pressure of the upstream bypass pipe portion 7A can be transmitted to the second upstream liquid discharge pipe portion 4B.
- the cross-sectional area of the pressure transmission pipe 15 may be, for example, 0.2 times or 0.04 times the cross-sectional area of the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A or the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B. , 0.008 times. Further, the cross-sectional area of the pressure transmission tube 15 may be, for example, 1.5 mm 2 , 3.0 mm 2 , or 10 mm 2 .
- the inner diameter of the pressure transmission pipe 15 is, for example, the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A or the second upstream side. It may be 0.5 times, 0.2 times, or 0.09 times the inner diameter of the liquid discharge pipe portion 4B. Further, the inner diameter of the pressure transmission tube 15 may be, for example, 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm, or 4.0 mm.
- the inner diameters of the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream bypass pipe 7A and the second upstream liquid discharge pipe 4B are the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream bypass pipe 7A and the second upstream liquid discharge pipe 4B, respectively. It is the inner diameter of the cross section orthogonal to the flow path of the above, and is the smallest inner diameter of each of the pressure transmission pipe 15, the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A, and the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B.
- the adjusting gas is passed through the gas phase side region while the liquid L is passed through the liquid phase side region, and the adjusting gas G is dissolved in the liquid L. Then, the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved and the liquid L in which the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is bypassed are mixed to adjust the specific resistance value of the liquid L.
- the liquid L is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 and the adjustment gas G is supplied to the gas supply pipe 5. Then, the liquid L is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 3 to the liquid phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the liquid L branches from the liquid supply pipe 3 at the upstream connection portion 12, passes through the bypass pipe 7 so as to bypass the hollow fiber membrane module 2, and is discharged to the liquid discharge pipe 4.
- the adjusting gas G is supplied from the gas supply pipe 5 to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and discharged to the gas discharge pipe 6. In the hollow fiber membrane module 2, the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas phase side region is dissolved in the liquid L supplied to the liquid phase side region by passing through the hollow fiber membrane 21.
- the pressure transmission pipe 15 is a second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B arranged on the upstream side of the first check valve 8 and an upstream side bypass pipe arranged on the upstream side of the second check valve 14. It is connected to the unit 7A. Therefore, the pressure on the liquid supply pipe 3 side of the first check valve 8 and the pressure on the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side of the second check valve 14 are made uniform.
- the opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the liquid supply pipe 3 side and the liquid discharge pipe 4, and the liquid discharge on the first upstream side.
- the second check valve 14 provided in the pipe portion 4A the opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure between the hollow fiber membrane module 2 side and the opposite side of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the liquid L in which the adjusting gas G is dissolved by the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and the liquid L that has passed through the bypass pipe 7 are mixed at the downstream connection portion 13. Thereby, the specific resistance value of the liquid L can be easily adjusted regardless of the flow rate of the liquid L.
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is set to be smaller than the flow rate of the liquid L bypassing the hollow fiber membrane module 2, when the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes low.
- the first check valve 8 may open the flow path and the second check valve 14 may close the flow rate. In such a case, since the liquid L does not flow into the hollow fiber membrane module 2, the specific resistance value of the liquid L cannot be adjusted.
- the pressure of the upstream side bypass pipe portion 7A is transmitted to the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B by the pressure transmission pipe 15, so that the second upstream side liquid discharge pipe portion 4B is transmitted.
- the pressure of the portion 4B and the pressure of the upstream bypass pipe portion 7A are made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first check valve 8 from opening the flow path and the second check valve 14 from closing the flow path.
- first check valve and the second check valve are on the upstream side and the downstream side.
- Any valve may be used as long as it is a valve whose opening degree of the flow path changes according to the differential pressure.
- each of the bypass pipe, the first bypass pipe, and the second bypass pipe may be composed of one pipe or a plurality of pipes.
- the first check valve 8 is used in the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A according to the first embodiment.
- the bypass pipe 7 provided may be composed of a plurality of pipes arranged in parallel with each other.
- the first bypass pipe 71 provided with the first check valve 8 may be composed of a plurality of pipes arranged in parallel with each other.
- the second bypass pipe 72 to which the check valve 8 is not provided may be composed of a plurality of pipes arranged in parallel with each other.
- each of the above embodiments may be combined in part or in whole as appropriate.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, the specific resistance value of the liquid L was adjusted by using the specific resistance value adjusting device 101 shown in FIG.
- the resistivity value adjusting device 101 of Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and only in that the first check valve is not provided, the resistivity value adjusting device 101 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is adjusted. It is different from the device 1A.
- liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 ultrapure water having a specific resistance value of 18.2 M ⁇ ⁇ cm at 25 ° C. was used.
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was varied stepwise between 120 and 5 L / min.
- the water pressure of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was set to 0.3 MPa.
- Carbon dioxide gas was used as the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas supply pipe 5.
- a 7 m 3 carbon dioxide gas cylinder was used as the carbon dioxide gas supply source.
- a two-stage pressure regulator and a pressure regulating valve were used as the pressure regulating valve 10, and the gas pressure of the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 was set to 0.1 MPa.
- a hollow fiber membrane 21 having an inner diameter of 180 ⁇ m and an outer diameter of 250 ⁇ m made of poly-4-methylpenten-1 is bundled, and the bundle of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is contained in the PP resin housing 22. Both ends were hardened with resin to obtain an external perfusion type hollow fiber membrane module for gas air supply (SEPAREL PF-04-SP4 manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.) having a membrane area of 4.0 m 2.
- SEPAREL PF-04-SP4 manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.
- the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 has a relatively small flow rate that flows into the liquid phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and a relatively large flow rate that bypasses the hollow fiber membrane module 2 and flows into the bypass pipe 7. It was distributed to the flow and then merged at the liquid discharge pipe 4.
- the adjusting gas G supplied to the gas supply pipe 5 was adjusted to 0.1 [MPa] by the pressure adjusting valve 10 and then supplied to the gas phase side region of the hollow fiber membrane module 2.
- the adjusting gas G permeates the hollow fiber membrane 21 and is dissolved in the liquid L flowing through the liquid phase side region in the hollow fiber membrane 21, and the liquid L is a carbon dioxide gas to which carbon dioxide gas is added. It became added ultrapure water.
- the flow control valve 9 was adjusted so that the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water when 60 L / min of liquid L was supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was 0.8 M ⁇ ⁇ cm. ..
- the flow control valve 9 was adjusted so that the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water when 60 L / min of liquid L was supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was 0.6 M ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 9 was adjusted so that the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water when 60 L / min of liquid L was supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was 0.4 M ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the flow control valve 9 was adjusted so that the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water when 60 L / min of liquid L was supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 was 0.2 M ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water (liquid L) discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 4 was measured.
- the measurement results are shown in FIGS. 14 and 15.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time
- the right vertical axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 is shown by a broken line.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3
- the right vertical axis shows the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 101. showed that.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 101 is shown by a broken line.
- Example 1 In Example 1, the specific resistance value of the liquid L was adjusted by using the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- Example 1 the conditions were the same as those in Comparative Example 1 except that the specific resistance value adjusting device 1A of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 was used.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water (liquid L) discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 4 was measured.
- the measurement results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time
- the right vertical axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 is shown by a broken line.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3
- the right vertical axis shows the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1A. showed that.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1A is shown by a broken line.
- Example 1 the phenomenon that the specific resistance value increases as the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes lower is suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in Example 1, the fluctuation of the specific resistance value when the liquid L was supplied was smaller than that in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 2 In Example 2, the specific resistance value of the liquid L was adjusted by using the specific resistance value adjusting device 1B of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
- Example 2 the conditions were the same as those in Comparative Example 1 except that the specific resistance value adjusting device 1B of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 was used.
- the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water (liquid L) discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 4 was measured.
- the measurement result is shown in FIG.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3
- the right vertical axis shows the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1B. showed that.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1B is shown by a broken line.
- Example 1 As shown in FIG. 9, in Example 1, the phenomenon that the specific resistance value increases as the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes lower is suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1.
- Example 3 the specific resistance value of the liquid L was adjusted by using the specific resistance value adjusting device 1C of the third embodiment shown in FIG.
- Example 3 the conditions were the same as those in Comparative Example 1 except that the specific resistance value adjusting device 1C of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 was used.
- the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water (liquid L) discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 4 was measured.
- the measurement results are shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time
- the right vertical axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 is shown by a broken line.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3
- the right vertical axis shows the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1C. showed that.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1C is shown by a broken line.
- Example 3 As shown in FIG. 10, in Example 3, the phenomenon that the specific resistance value increases as the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes lower is suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, in Example 3, the fluctuation of the specific resistance value when the liquid L was supplied was smaller than that in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 4 the specific resistance value of the liquid L was adjusted by using the specific resistance value adjusting device 1D of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.
- Example 4 the conditions were the same as those in Comparative Example 1 except that the specific resistance value adjusting device 1D of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 was used.
- the specific resistance value of the carbon dioxide-added ultrapure water (liquid L) discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 4 was measured.
- the measurement results are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time
- the right vertical axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3 is shown by a broken line.
- the left vertical axis shows the measured resistivity value
- the horizontal axis shows the flow rate of the liquid L supplied to the liquid supply pipe 3
- the right vertical axis shows the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1D. showed that.
- the measured resistivity value is shown by a solid line
- the pressure loss of the liquid L in the entire resistivity value adjusting device 1D is shown by a broken line.
- Example 4 As shown in FIG. 13, in Example 4, the phenomenon that the specific resistance value increases as the flow rate of the supplied liquid L becomes lower is suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, in Example 3, the fluctuation of the specific resistance value when the liquid L was supplied was smaller than that in Comparative Example 1.
- Second check valve 15 ... Pressure transmission tube, 21 ... Hollow thread film, 22 ... Housing, 22A ... Liquid supply port, 22B ... Liquid discharge port, 22C ... Gas supply port, 22D ... Gas outlet, 71 ... 1st bypass pipe, 72 ... 2nd bypass pipe, 82 ... valve body, 83 ... spring, 85 ... flow path, 86 ... valve seat, 87 ... support member, 101 ... specific resistance value adjusting device, 142 ... valve body, 143 ... spring, 145 ... flow path, 146 ... valve seat, 147 ... support member, G ... adjustment gas, L ... liquid, P ... pressure gauge.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第一実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置の模式図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Aは、中空糸膜モジュール2と、液体供給管3と、液体排出管4と、ガス供給管5と、ガス排出管6と、バイパス管7と、第一逆止弁8と、を備える。
次に、第二実施形態について説明する。第二実施形態は、基本的に第一実施形態と同様であり、バイパス管が第一バイパス管及び第二バイパス管を有する点で、第一実施形態と相違する。このため、以下では、第一実施形態と相違する事項のみを説明し、第一実施形態と同様の事項の説明を省略する。
次に、第三実施形態について説明する。第三実施形態は、基本的に第一実施形態と同様であり、第二逆止弁が設けられている点で、第一実施形態と相違する。このため、以下では、第一実施形態と相違する事項のみを説明し、第一実施形態と同様の事項の説明を省略する。
次に、第四実施形態について説明する。第四実施形態は、基本的に第三実施形態と同様であり、圧力伝達管が設けられている点で、第三実施形態と相違する。このため、以下では、第三実施形態と相違する事項のみを説明し、第三実施形態と同様の事項の説明を省略する。
比較例1では、図6に示す比抵抗値調整装置101を用いて、液体Lの比抵抗値を調整した。比較例1の比抵抗値調整装置101は、基本的に第一実施形態と同様であり、第一逆止弁が設けられていない点のみ、図1に示す第一実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Aと相違する。
実施例1では、図1に示す第一実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Aを用いて、液体Lの比抵抗値を調整した。
実施例2では、図3に示す第二実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Bを用いて、液体Lの比抵抗値を調整した。
実施例3では、図4に示す第三実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Cを用いて、液体Lの比抵抗値を調整した。
実施例4では、図5に示す第四実施形態の比抵抗値調整装置1Dを用いて、液体Lの比抵抗値を調整した。
Claims (9)
- 中空糸膜により、比抵抗値を調整する液体が供給される液相側領域と比抵抗値を調整する調整ガスが供給される気相側領域とに分けられた中空糸膜モジュールと、
前記液相側領域に前記液体を供給するために前記液相側領域に連通された液体供給管と、
前記液相側領域から前記液体を排出するために前記液相側領域に連通された液体排出管と、
前記気相側領域に前記調整ガスを供給するために前記気相側領域に連通されたガス供給管と、
前記気相側領域から前記調整ガスを排出するために前記気相側領域に連通されたガス排出管と、
前記中空糸膜モジュールをバイパスするように前記液体供給管及び前記液体排出管に連通されたバイパス管と、
前記バイパス管に設けられて、前記液体供給管側と前記液体排出管側との差圧に応じて流路の開度が変わる第一逆止弁と、を備える、
比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記第一逆止弁では、前記液体供給管側と前記液体排出管側との差圧が第一作動開始圧以下になると、前記第一逆止弁の前記流路が狭くなり始める、
請求項1に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記第一逆止弁は、前記液体排出管側に向けられた弁座を有する本体と、前記弁座の前記液体排出管側に配置された弁体と、前記弁体を前記弁座側に押すスプリングと、を有する、
請求項1又は2に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記バイパス管は、互いに並列に配置された第一バイパス管及び第二バイパス管を有し、
前記第一逆止弁は、前記第一バイパス管に配置されて、前記第二バイパス管に配置されていない、
請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記液体排出管の、前記バイパス管が前記液体排出管に接続される下流側接続部と前記中空糸膜モジュールとの間に位置する第一上流側液体排出管部に設けられて、前記中空糸膜モジュール側と前記中空糸膜モジュールの反対側との差圧に応じて流路の開度が変わる第二逆止弁を更に備える、
請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記第一逆止弁の前記流路が閉じる第一クラッキング圧は、前記第二逆止弁の前記流路が閉じる第二クラッキング圧と同じである、
請求項5に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記第二逆止弁では、前記中空糸膜モジュール側と前記中空糸膜モジュールとは反対側との差圧が第二作動開始圧以下になると、前記第二逆止弁の前記流路が狭くなり始める、
請求項5又は6に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 前記液体排出管の、前記中空糸膜モジュールと前記第二逆止弁との間に位置する第二上流側液体排出管部と、前記バイパス管の、前記バイパス管が前記液体供給管に接続される上流側接続部と前記第一逆止弁との間に位置する上流側バイパス管部と、に接続されて、前記上流側バイパス管部の圧力を前記第二上流側液体排出管部に伝える圧力伝達管を更に備える、
請求項5~7の何れか一項に記載の比抵抗値調整装置。 - 請求項1~8何れか一項に記載された比抵抗値調整装置を用いて前記液体の比抵抗値を調整する、
比抵抗値調整方法。
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