WO2021249139A1 - 低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制和解调方法及设备 - Google Patents

低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制和解调方法及设备 Download PDF

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WO2021249139A1
WO2021249139A1 PCT/CN2021/094621 CN2021094621W WO2021249139A1 WO 2021249139 A1 WO2021249139 A1 WO 2021249139A1 CN 2021094621 W CN2021094621 W CN 2021094621W WO 2021249139 A1 WO2021249139 A1 WO 2021249139A1
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phase
signal
digital
radio frequency
mapped
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PCT/CN2021/094621
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐斌
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南京中感微电子有限公司
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Priority to US18/077,631 priority Critical patent/US20230114670A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/361—Modulation using a single or unspecified number of carriers, e.g. with separate stages of phase and amplitude modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/2032—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner
    • H04L27/2053—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases
    • H04L27/206—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers
    • H04L27/2067—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers with more than two phase states
    • H04L27/2071—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers with more than two phase states in which the data are represented by the carrier phase, e.g. systems with differential coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/22—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02—Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • H04L27/04—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication, and more specifically, to a low-power Bluetooth constant envelope phase modulation and demodulation method and device.
  • Wireless audio technology brings people unrestrained free calls and music enjoyment, and has been widely loved by people.
  • Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) audio technology has brought people wireless audio services with lower power consumption, lower cost, and higher quality.
  • BLE Audio can only transmit 1 bit in one symbol period, and the maximum transmission rate is only 2 Mbps, which limits the further improvement of wireless audio quality, especially the wireless transmission of high-resolution audio.
  • GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
  • the present disclosure provides a low-power Bluetooth constant envelope phase modulation method, corresponding phase demodulation technology, and corresponding equipment to improve wireless transmission rate and transmission quality.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present disclosure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is, on the one hand, it provides a low-power Bluetooth constant envelope phase modulation method, which includes:
  • phase modulation method grouping the input binary data streams, each group containing multiple bits; mapping the binary data streams into phase symbols, wherein one binary data group is mapped into one phase symbol;
  • the phase signal is converted into two baseband signals through the cosine function and the sine function respectively.
  • phase waveform obtained by integrating a preset pulse function, wherein the mathematical expression of the phase waveform is:
  • T is the symbol period
  • t is the time
  • the modulating the phase sequence into a phase signal wherein the mathematical expression of the phase signal is:
  • ⁇ k ⁇ is the phase sequence
  • p(t) is the phase waveform
  • T is the symbol period
  • t is the time
  • k is the sequence number of the phase symbol.
  • the phase signal is converted into two baseband signals I B (t) and Q B (t) through a cosine function and a sine function, respectively,
  • A is the signal amplitude, For the phase signal.
  • the predetermined phase modulation mode is four-phase modulation ⁇ /4 QPM or eight-phase modulation ⁇ /8 8PM;
  • every two bits in the binary data stream are divided into a group; in the eight-phase modulation ⁇ /8 8PM, every three bits in the binary data stream are divided into a group.
  • the two bits divided into a group are represented as b 2k and b 2k+1 , and the mapping relationship between the binary data stream ⁇ b n ⁇ and the phase sequence ⁇ k ⁇ is,
  • the three bits divided into a group are expressed as b 3k , b 3k+1 , b 3k+2 , and the mapping relationship between the binary data stream ⁇ b n ⁇ and the phase sequence ⁇ k ⁇ for,
  • the access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is mapped to 16 phase symbols, the protocol data unit is mapped to 1 to 129 phase symbols, and the cyclic redundancy check is mapped to 12 phase symbols;
  • the access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is mapped to 16 phase symbols, the protocol data unit is mapped to 1 to 129 phase symbols, and the cyclic redundancy check is mapped to 12 phase symbols;
  • the 32-bit access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is filled with 1 bit to form 33 bits, and then mapped into 11 phase symbols.
  • a second aspect provides a Bluetooth low energy consumption constant envelope phase demodulation method for demodulating a signal modulated by the modulation method described in the first aspect, and the demodulation method includes:
  • the binary data is demodulated according to the differential signal.
  • a third aspect provides a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter, which implements the method described in the first aspect, and includes:
  • the sending data processing unit is configured to provide a binary data stream
  • the phase mapping unit is configured to group binary data streams and map them into a phase sequence
  • the phase waveform generating unit is configured to generate the phase waveform by using the phase waveform obtained by the integration of the preset pulse function;
  • a phase signal generating unit configured to use the phase waveform to modulate the phase sequence into a phase signal
  • a baseband signal generating unit configured to convert the phase signal into two branched baseband signals
  • the radio frequency signal generation unit is configured to modulate the two branched baseband signals into two branched radio frequency signals respectively, and then combine the two branched radio frequency signals to generate the radio frequency signal through a power amplifier;
  • the antenna is configured to transmit the radio frequency signal into the air.
  • a fourth aspect provides a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation receiver, which implements the method described in the second aspect, and includes:
  • Antenna configured to receive wireless radio frequency signals in the air
  • the radio frequency signal processing unit is configured to multiply the received radio frequency signal by two orthogonal radio frequency carriers with a phase difference of 90 degrees, and down-convert into a baseband signal;
  • the synchronization unit is configured to estimate the frequency deviation between the receiver and the transmitter, and the accurate sampling time
  • a sampling unit configured to obtain a baseband sampling signal after sampling the baseband signal
  • a differential demodulation unit configured to obtain a differential signal based on the baseband sampling signal
  • the demapping unit demodulates binary data according to the differential signal
  • the receiving data processing unit is configured to process a binary data stream.
  • a fifth aspect provides a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter, which implements the method described in the first aspect, and includes:
  • the sending data processing unit is configured to provide a binary data stream
  • the phase mapping unit is configured to group binary data streams and map them into a phase sequence
  • the digital phase waveform generating unit is configured to use a preset pulse function integration to generate a digital phase waveform
  • a digital phase signal generating unit configured to use the digital phase waveform to modulate the phase sequence to generate a digital phase signal
  • a digital baseband signal generating unit which converts the digital phase signal into two digital baseband signals
  • a digital-to-analog conversion unit configured to convert the two branched digital baseband signals into two branched analog baseband signals respectively;
  • the radio frequency signal generation unit is configured to modulate the two branched analog baseband signals into two branched radio frequency signals respectively, and then combine the two branched radio frequency signals to generate the radio frequency signal through a power amplifier;
  • the antenna is configured to transmit the radio frequency signal into the air.
  • a sixth aspect provides a Bluetooth low energy consumption constant envelope phase modulation receiver, which implements the method described in the second aspect, and includes:
  • Antenna configured to receive wireless radio frequency signals in the air
  • the radio frequency signal processing unit is configured to multiply the received radio frequency signal by two orthogonal radio frequency carriers with a phase difference of 90 degrees, and down-convert it into a low intermediate frequency analog baseband signal;
  • An analog-to-digital conversion unit configured to convert the low-IF analog complex baseband signal into a digital low-IF complex signal
  • Digital low-IF down-conversion unit configured to convert digital low-IF complex signals into I/Q two-channel digital baseband signals
  • Digital filter configured to low-pass filter the digital baseband signal
  • the digital synchronization unit is configured to estimate the frequency deviation and the sampling time deviation of the filtered digital baseband signal
  • the digital differential demodulation unit is configured to perform differential processing on two I/Q digital baseband signals with an interval of oversampling points to obtain two signal sequences;
  • the demapping unit is configured to map the two-channel signal sequence into a binary data stream
  • the receiving data processing unit is configured to process a binary data stream.
  • the transmitter according to the fifth aspect wherein the oversampling multiple of the digital phase waveform generated by the digital phase waveform generation unit is one of 48, 32, and 36.
  • the receiver according to the sixth aspect wherein the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts the low-IF analog complex baseband signal into a digital low-IF complex signal, the sampling rate is 12MHz, and the oversampling multiples are 12, 8, 9 One of them.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a low-power Bluetooth constant-envelope phase modulation/demodulation method and device.
  • the constant-envelope phase modulation technology and the corresponding phase demodulation technology are used to improve Wireless transmission rate; while maintaining a larger symbol period to reduce the impact of multipath interference, thereby improving the quality of wireless transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation method provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation receiver provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of yet another Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of yet another Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation receiver provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of a preset pulse waveform provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a phase waveform diagram provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) audio technology brings lower power consumption, lower cost and higher quality wireless audio services. But its maximum transmission rate is relatively low, which limits the improvement of wireless audio quality.
  • BLE wireless transmission rate in order to increase the BLE wireless transmission rate, the symbol period of the GFSK modulation used by the BLE can be reduced.
  • the shorter the symbol period in the modulation the larger the occupied bandwidth, the greater the impact of multipath interference, and the worse the performance of long-distance wireless transmission.
  • the differential phase shift keying modulation (DPSK) used in Classic Bluetooth can also be considered, or the multi-carrier modulation technology can be used to increase the wireless transmission rate.
  • both the DPSK modulation signal and the multi-carrier modulation signal are different from the BLE constant envelope signal and are not suitable for BLE radio frequency transmitter transmission.
  • the present disclosure adopts constant envelope phase modulation technology and corresponding phase demodulation technology in Bluetooth low energy transmission to increase the wireless transmission rate while maintaining a larger symbol period to reduce the impact of multipath interference. , Thereby improving the quality of wireless transmission.
  • the main idea of the Bluetooth low energy wireless signal constant envelope phase modulation method used in the embodiments of the present disclosure is to convert a high-rate binary data stream into a low-rate phase symbol sequence, and then use the preset pulse function integration to obtain the phase Waveform, the binary data stream phase sequence is modulated into a phase signal, and then sequentially modulated into two baseband signals, then two radio frequency signals, and then combine the two radio frequency signals to obtain the transmitted radio frequency signal.
  • Transmission of the signal modulated by this method can increase the wireless transmission rate and reduce the influence of multipath interference. When demodulating it, it is also convenient to decompose into two signals for processing, which simplifies the process.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a Bluetooth low energy consumption constant envelope phase modulation method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes at least the following steps:
  • Step 11 According to a predetermined phase modulation method, group the input binary data streams, each group containing multiple bits; map the binary data stream into phase symbols, where one binary data group is mapped into one phase symbol.
  • the phase modulation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a Constant Envelope Phase Modulation (CEPM) method, which first groups binary data streams ⁇ b n ⁇ , and then maps them into a phase sequence ⁇ k ⁇ .
  • CPM Constant Envelope Phase Modulation
  • quadrature phase modulation QPM
  • 8-Phase Modulation 8PM
  • the constant envelope phase modulation method of the present disclosure can adopt two modulation methods: ⁇ /4 QPM and ⁇ /8 8PM modulation. In these two modulations, the mapping relationship between the binary data stream ⁇ b n ⁇ and the phase sequence ⁇ k ⁇ can be as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.
  • Step 12 Use the phase waveform obtained by integrating the preset pulse function to modulate the phase sequence composed of phase symbols into a phase signal.
  • the phase waveform in order to obtain better spectral characteristics or lower out-of-band spectrum, can be obtained by integrating and normalizing a preset pulse function.
  • the mathematical expression of the phase waveform is as follows:
  • T is the symbol period (Symbol Duration).
  • the obtained phase waveform is used in subsequent modulation steps.
  • the mathematical expression of the phase signal modulated by the constant envelope phase modulation method CEPM is:
  • ⁇ k ⁇ is the phase sequence
  • p(t) is the phase waveform
  • T is the symbol period
  • t is the time
  • k is the sequence number of the phase symbol.
  • Step 13 Convert the phase signal into two baseband signals through the cosine function and the sine function respectively.
  • the mathematical expression of the baseband signal modulated by CEPM is:
  • A is the signal amplitude
  • I B (t) and Q B (t) are the two branched baseband signals obtained by converting the phase signal in this step.
  • the conversion and transmission process includes the following steps:
  • Step A modulate the two split baseband signals into two split radio frequency signals
  • the radio frequency signal modulated by CEPM is:
  • F c is the radio frequency carrier frequency
  • P is the radio frequency signal amplification gain
  • I R (t) I B (t)*cos(2 ⁇ *F c *t)
  • Q R (t) -Q B (t) *sin(2 ⁇ *F c *t).
  • I R (t) and Q R (t) are the two split radio frequency signals obtained by converting and modulating I B (t) and Q B (t) in this step.
  • Step B Combine the two split radio frequency signals to generate radio frequency signals
  • the combined radio frequency signal is S(t) in (EQ.05), and its value is P*[I R (t)+Q R (t)].
  • Step C sending a radio frequency signal
  • the radio frequency signal obtained in step C is sent out through an antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a simple phase demodulation method for demodulating the signal modulated by the above modulation method.
  • the demodulation method includes:
  • the received radio frequency signal is down-converted into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal
  • the mathematical expression is:
  • n(t) is additive noise
  • ⁇ f(t) is the residual frequency deviation
  • ⁇ (t) is the phase noise
  • the baseband sampling signal obtained after sampling the baseband signal The mathematical expression is:
  • ⁇ (k*T) is the phase error after frequency synchronization or calibration.
  • the differential signal obtained based on the baseband sampling signal The mathematical expression is:
  • ⁇ k ⁇ [(k+1)*T]- ⁇ (k*T),
  • the above differential signal It can also be expressed as a mathematical expression:
  • Fig. 2 shows a structure diagram of a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter is specifically a CEPM (Constant Envelope Phase Modulation) transmitter, which includes a transmit data processing unit (Transmit Data Processor), a phase mapping unit (Phase Mapper), and a phase waveform generating unit (Pulse Shaper), Phase signal generator (Phase Signal Generator), baseband signal generator (Baseband Signal Generator), radio frequency signal generator (Radio Transmitter), and antenna (Antenna).
  • CEPM Constant Envelope Phase Modulation
  • the sending data processing unit provides the binary data stream to be transmitted, and the functions may include data encryption, whitening, channel coding, cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC), etc.
  • the phase mapping unit groups the binary data streams provided by the data processing unit according to Table 1 or Table 2 and maps them into a phase sequence.
  • the phase waveform generating unit generates the phase waveform according to EQ.01 and EQ.02.
  • the phase signal generating unit uses the phase waveform generated by the phase waveform generating unit to generate the phase signal according to EQ.03 according to the phase sequence generated by the phase mapping unit.
  • the baseband signal generating unit converts the phase signal generated by the phase signal generating unit into two baseband signals according to EQ.04, I B (t) and Q B (t).
  • the generation process of I B (t) and Q B (t) is shown in EQ.04, including transforming the phase signal into two baseband signals according to the cosine and sine functions, and then gaining the amplitude to A.
  • the radio frequency signal generating unit modulates the two baseband signals I B (t) and Q B (t) generated by the baseband signal generating unit into two orthogonal radio frequency carriers cos(2 ⁇ *F c) with a phase difference of 90 degrees.
  • the radio frequency signal S(t) is generated through a power amplifier with a gain of P.
  • the antenna transmits the radio frequency signal modulated by the radio frequency signal generating unit into the air.
  • Fig. 3 shows a structure diagram of a Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation receiver provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the receiver is specifically a CEPM (Constant Envelope Phase Modulation) receiver, including an antenna (Antenna), a radio frequency signal processing unit (Radio Receiver), a synchronization unit (Synchronizer), a sampling unit (Sampler), and a differential Demodulation unit (Differentiator), de-mapping unit (De-Mapper), receiving data processing unit (Receive Data Processor).
  • CEPM Constant Envelope Phase Modulation
  • the antenna receives wireless radio frequency signals in the air.
  • the radio frequency signal processing unit multiplies the radio frequency signal by two quadrature radio frequency carriers with a phase difference of 90 degrees and down-converts them into a baseband signal, as shown in EQ.06.
  • the radio frequency signal processing unit may also include bandpass filtering, low noise amplifiers, baseband gain amplifiers, baseband filters, etc., to enhance the signal and filter out interference and noise.
  • the synchronization unit is used to estimate the frequency deviation between the receiver and the transmitter, and to estimate the accurate sampling time.
  • the sampling unit calibrates the frequency deviation according to the synchronization signal provided by the synchronization unit, and samples the signal at an accurate time point with symbol period T as an interval, such as EQ.07.
  • the differential demodulation unit performs differential processing on the sampling signal with an interval of period T according to EQ.08 and EQ.09, that is, complex conjugate multiplication, and obtains and Two-way signal sequence.
  • Demapping unit according to EQ.10 or EQ.11 and The two-way signal sequence is mapped into a binary data stream.
  • the receiving data processing unit further processes the binary data stream, and its functions can include de-whitening, channel decoding, cyclic redundancy check and decryption, etc.
  • the packet format of the CEPM modulation provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure applied in the BLE is the same as the general BLE packet format, as shown in Table 3. Including preamble (Preamble), access address (Access Address), protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU) and cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC), among which the access address is 32 bits and the CRC 24 bits.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide three CEPM modulation methods for BLE transmission rates, including LE E2M, LE H3M, and LE H4M.
  • the modulation mode adopted by LE E2M is four-phase modulation ⁇ /4 QPM
  • the value range of the parameter ⁇ of EQ.02 during the modulation process is [0, 0.2]
  • the symbol period T 1 us
  • the transmission rate is 2 Mbps;
  • the access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is mapped to 16 phase symbols
  • the protocol data unit is mapped to 1 to 129 phase symbols
  • the cyclic redundancy check is Mapped to 12 phase symbols.
  • set the preamble in the Bluetooth BLE data packet to a 16-bit ⁇ 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 ⁇ , and map it to a phase sequence containing 8 phase symbols ⁇ + ⁇ /4 ,- ⁇ /4,+ ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4,+ ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4,+ ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4 ⁇ .
  • the modulation mode adopted by LE H3M is four-phase modulation ⁇ /4 QPM.
  • the value range of the parameter ⁇ of EQ.02 is [0, 0.2]
  • the symbol period T 2/3us
  • the transmission rate is 3Mbps.
  • the access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is mapped to 16 phase symbols, and the protocol data unit is mapped to 1 to 129 phase symbols, and the cyclic redundancy check is Mapped into 12 phase symbols; in a specific embodiment, set the preamble in the Bluetooth BLE data packet to 24 bits ⁇ 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 ⁇ , and map it to include Phase sequence of 12 phase symbols ⁇ + ⁇ /4, - ⁇ /4, + ⁇ /4, - ⁇ /4, + ⁇ /4, - ⁇ /4, + ⁇ /4, - ⁇ /4, + ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4, + ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4,+ ⁇ /4,- ⁇ /4 ⁇ .
  • the protocol data unit in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is mapped into 1 to 86 phase symbols, and the cyclic redundancy check is mapped into 8 phase symbols.
  • set the preamble in the Bluetooth BLE data packet to 36-bit ⁇ 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 ⁇ , and map it to a phase sequence containing 12 phase symbols ⁇ +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8, -3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8,-3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8,-3 ⁇ /8, +3 ⁇ /8,-3 ⁇ /8 ⁇ /8 ⁇ .
  • the 32-bit access address in the Bluetooth BLE data packet is filled with 1 bit to form 33 bits and then mapped into 11 phase symbols.
  • Fig. 4 shows a structure diagram of yet another Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation transmitter provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the digital transmitter includes a transmitting data processing unit (Transmit Data Processor), a phase mapping unit (Phase Mapper), a digital phase waveform generating unit (Digital Pulse Shaper), and a digital phase signal generating unit (Digital Phase Signal).
  • Transmit Data Processor Transmit Data Processor
  • phase mapping unit Phase mapping unit
  • Digital Pulse Shaper Digital Pulse Shaper
  • Digital Phase signal generating unit Digital Phase Signal
  • Digital Baseband Signal Generator Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), Radio Transmitter, and Antenna.
  • DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
  • the sending data processing unit provides the binary data stream to be transmitted, and the functions may include data encryption, whitening, channel coding, cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and so on.
  • the phase mapping unit groups the binary data streams provided by the data processing unit according to Table 1 or Table 2 and maps them into a phase sequence.
  • the digital phase waveform generation unit generates digital phase waveforms according to EQ.01 and EQ.02.
  • the digital waveform oversampling multiples of LE E2M, LE H3M, and LE H4M are 48, 32, and 36 respectively.
  • the digital phase signal generation unit uses the digital phase waveform generated by the digital phase waveform generation unit to generate the digital phase signal according to EQ.03 to generate the phase sequence generated by the phase mapping unit.
  • the digital phase signal can also be generated based on pre-stored waveform data.
  • the pre-stored waveform data is also generated based on the EQ.01 and EQ.02 formulas, but not generated in real time, but generated in advance and based on waveform data. Saved in the form.
  • the digital baseband signal generation unit converts the digital phase signal generated by the digital phase signal generation unit into two digital baseband signals according to EQ.04, that is, converts the digital phase signal into two digital baseband signals according to the cosine and sine functions. Among them, each digital baseband signal is quantized to 9 bits. Two digital baseband signals are converted into analog baseband signals through DAC. After the radio frequency signal generation unit low-pass filters the analog baseband signal output by the digital-to-analog conversion unit, according to EQ.05, the two analog baseband signals I B (t) and Q B (t) are respectively modulated in quadrature with a phase difference of 90 degrees.
  • radio frequency signals I R (t) and Q R (t) are generated on two radio frequency carriers cos (2 ⁇ *F c *t) and sin (2 ⁇ *F c *t)).
  • the radio frequency signal S(t) is generated through a power amplifier with a gain of P.
  • the antenna transmits the radio frequency signal modulated by the radio frequency signal generating unit into the air.
  • Fig. 6 shows a preset pulse waveform diagram provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 shows a phase waveform diagram provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a structure diagram of yet another Bluetooth low energy constant envelope phase modulation receiver provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the digital receiver structure includes an antenna (Antenna), a radio frequency signal processing unit (Radio Receiver), an analog-to-digital conversion unit (Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC), and a digital low-IF down-conversion unit ( Digital Low Intermediate Frequency Down Converter, Digital Filter, Digital Synchronizer, Digital Differentiator, De-Mapper, Receive Data Processor).
  • the antenna receives wireless radio frequency signals in the air.
  • LE E2M, LE H3M, and LE H4M all use a 2MHz low-IF structure to multiply the RF signal by two orthogonal RF carriers with a phase difference of 90 degrees and down-convert into a 2MHz low-IF analog complex baseband signal.
  • the radio frequency signal processing unit may also include band-pass filtering, low-noise amplifiers, base-band gain amplifiers, low-pass or band-pass analog filters to enhance the signal and filter out interference and noise.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts the low-IF analog complex baseband signal into a digital low-IF complex signal.
  • the sampling rates of LE E2M, LE H3M, and LE H4M analog-to-digital conversion are all 12MHz. Among them, the LE E2M oversampling multiple is 12, the LE H3M oversampling multiple is 8, and the LE H4M oversampling multiple is 9.
  • the digital low-IF down-conversion unit converts the digital low-IF complex signal into two I/Q digital baseband signals.
  • the digital filter low-pass filters the digital baseband signal to further suppress interference and noise.
  • the digital synchronization unit estimates the frequency deviation and sampling time deviation of the filtered digital baseband signal, and provides them to the digital differential demodulation unit to calibrate the frequency deviation and calculate the best differential sampling point.
  • the digital differential demodulation unit performs differential processing on two digital complex signals whose interval is oversampling point (LE E2M oversampling multiple is 12, LE H3M oversampling multiple is 8, LE H4M oversampling multiple is 9), that is, complex conjugate Multiply and get the value shown in EQ.09 and Two-way signal sequence.
  • Demapping unit according to EQ.10 or EQ.11 and The two-way signal sequence is mapped into a binary data stream.
  • the receiving data processing unit further processes the binary data stream, and its functions can include de-whitening, channel decoding, cyclic redundancy check and decryption, etc.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in combination with the embodiments disclosed in this document can be implemented by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), or any other form of storage medium known in the technical field.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法以及相应的解调方法，以及相应的发射/接收机。该方法包括根据预定的相位调制方式，将输入的二进制数据流分组，每组包含多个比特；将二进制数据流映射为相位符号，一个二进制数据组被映射为一个相位符号；利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，将由相位符号构成的相位序列调制为相位信号；将相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号。

Description

低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制和解调方法及设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年6月9日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010519033.2的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制和解调方法及设备。
背景技术
无线音频技术给人们带来无拘无束的自由通话和音乐享受，获得了人们的广泛喜爱。尤其是低功耗蓝牙(Bluetooth Low Energy，BLE)音频(Audio)技术，给人们带来更低功耗更低成本及更高质量的无线音频服务。但是，BLE Audio在一个符号周期内只能传输1个比特，最大传输速率只有2Mbps，限制了无线音频质量的进一步提高，尤其是，高分辨率音频的无线传输。为了提高BLE无线传输速率，可以降低BLE所采用的高斯频移键控(Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying，GFSK)调制的符号周期。但是，符号周期越短，占用带宽越大，受多路径干扰的影响越大，远距离无线传输的性能越差。也可以考虑采用经典蓝牙(Classic Bluetooth)所用的差分相移键控(Differential Phase Shift Keying，DPSK)调制，或者，采用多载波调制技术，以提高无线传输速率。但是，DPSK调制信号和多载波调制信号都跟BLE恒定包络信号不同，不适合BLE射频发射机发送。
发明内容
本公开提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法及相应的相位解调技术,以及相应的设备，以提高无线传输速率和传输质量。
本公开为解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案为，一方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法，该方法包括：
根据预定的相位调制方式，将输入的二进制数据流分组，每组包含多个比特；将所述二进制数据流映射为相位符号，其中，一个二进制数据组被映射为一个相位符号；
利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形,将由所述相位符号构成的相位序列调制为相位信号；
将所述相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号。
可选地，所述利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，其中，所述相位波形的数学表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000001
其中，所述预设的脉冲函数的数学表达式为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000002
其中，0≤β<1，T为符号周期，t为时间。
可选地，所述将所述相位序列调制为相位信号，其中，所述相位信号的数学表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000003
其中，{θ k}为相位序列,p(t)为相位波形，T为符号周期，t为时间，k为相位符号的序号。
可选地，将所述相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号I B(t)和Q B(t)，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000004
其中，A为信号幅度，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000005
为 相位信号。
可选地，所述预定的相位调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM或八相位调制π/8 8PM；
其中,在四相位调制π/4 QPM中,将二进制数据流中每两个比特分为一组；在八相位调制π/8 8PM中,将二进制数据流中每三个比特分为一组。
具体地，在四相位调制π/4 QPM中,分为一组的两个比特表示为b 2k、b 2k+1，二进制数据流{b n}和相位序列{θ k}的映射关系为，
当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为0、0，映射的相位θ k为+π/4，
当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为0、1，映射的相位θ k为+3π/4，
当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为1、1，映射的相位θ k为-3π/4，
当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为1、0，映射的相位θ k为-π/4；
在八相位调制π/8 8PM中,分为一组的三个bit表示为b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2，二进制数据流{b n}和相位序列{θ k}的映射关系为，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、0、0，映射的相位θ k为+π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、0、1，映射的相位θ k为+3π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、1、1，映射的相位θ k为+5π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、1、0，映射的相位θ k为+7π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、1、0，映射的相位θ k为-7π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、1、1，映射的相位θ k为-5π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、0、1，映射的相位θ k为-3π/8，
当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、0、0，映射的相位θ k为-π/8。
更具体地，所述调制方法，其中，
采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM时，β取值为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝1us，传输速率为2Mbps；
蓝牙BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位 符号；
设置蓝牙BLE数据包中的前导符为16比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含8个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
更具体地，所述调制方法，其中，
采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM，β取值为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝2/3us，传输速率为3Mbps；
蓝牙BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位符号；
设置蓝牙BLE数据包中的前导符为24个比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
更具体地，所述调制方法，其中，
采用的调制方式为八相位调制π/8 8PM时，β取值为[0,0.2]；符号周期T＝3/4us，传输速率为4Mbps；
将蓝牙BLE数据包中的协议数据单元映射为1～86个相位符号，将其中的循环冗余校验映射为8个相位符号；
设置蓝牙BLE数据包中的前导符为36比特的{001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8}；
将蓝牙BLE数据包中32比特的接入地址填补1比特，形成33比特后，将其映射为11个相位符号。
第二方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位解调方法，用于对利用第一 方面所述调制方法调制的信号进行解调，所述解调方法包括，
将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为基带信号；
对所述基带信号进行频率和时间同步，并采样后得到基带采样信号；
基于所述基带采样信号获得差分信号；
根据所述差分信号解调出二元数据。
第三方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机，所述发射机实现第一方面所述的方法，以及包含：
发送数据处理单元，配置为提供二进制数据流；
相位映射单元，配置为将二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列；
相位波形产生单元，配置为利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，产生相位波形；
相位信号产生单元，配置为利用所述相位波形,将所述相位序列调制为相位信号；
基带信号产生单元，配置为将所述相位信号转换为两个分路基带信号；
射频信号产生单元，配置为将两个分路基带信号分别调制为两个分路射频信号,再将两个分路射频信号合并后，经过功率放大器生成射频信号；和
天线，配置为将所述射频信号发射到空中。
第四方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机，所述接收机实现第二方面所述的方法，以及包含：
天线，配置为接收空中无线射频信号；
射频信号处理单元，配置为将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为基带信号；
同步单元，配置为估计接收机和发射机之间的频率偏差，以及准确的采样时间；
采样单元，配置为对所述基带信号进行采样后得到基带采样信号；
差分解调单元，配置为基于所述基带采样信号获得差分信号；
解映射单元，根据所述差分信号解调出二元数据；
接收数据处理单元，配置为处理二进制数据流。
第五方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机，所述发射机实现第一方面所述的方法，以及包含：
发送数据处理单元，配置为提供二进制数据流；
相位映射单元，配置为将二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列；
数字相位波形产生单元，配置为利用预设的脉冲函数积分，产生数字相位波形；
数字相位信号产生单元，配置为利用所述数字相位波形,将所述相位序列调制生成数字相位信号，或
根据预先保存的波形数据，生成数字相位信号；
数字基带信号产生单元，将所述数字相位信号转换为两路数字基带信号；
数模转换单元,配置为将所述两个分路数字基带信号分别转换为两个分路模拟基带信号；
射频信号产生单元，配置为将两个分路模拟基带信号分别调制为两个分路射频信号,再将两个分路射频信号合并后，经过功率放大器生成射频信号；和
天线，配置为将所述射频信号发射到空中。
第六方面提供一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机，所述接收机实现第二方面所述的方法，以及包含：
天线，配置为接收空中无线射频信号；
射频信号处理单元，配置为将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为低中频模拟基带信号；
模数转换单元，配置为将所述低中频模拟复基带信号转化为数字低中频 复信号；
数字低中频下变频单元,配置为将把数字低中频复信号转化为I/Q两路数字基带信号；
数字滤波器，配置为对数字基带信号低通滤波；
数字同步单元，配置为对滤波后的数字基带信号估计频率偏差和采样时间偏差；
数字差分解调单元，配置为对间隔为过采样点的I/Q两路数字基带信号做差分处理，获得两路信号序列；
解映射单元，配置为将两路信号序列映射为二进制数据流；
接收数据处理单元，配置为处理二进制数据流。
可选地，根据第五方面所述的发射机，其中，数字相位波形产生单元产生数字相位波形的过采样倍数为48、32、36中的一种。
可选地，根据第六方面所述的接收机，其中,模数转换单元将低中频模拟复基带信号转化为数字低中频复信号中，采样率为12MHz，过采样倍数为12、8、9中的一种。
本公开实施例提供的一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制/解调方法及设备，在低功耗蓝牙无线信号传输时，采用恒定包络相位调制技术及相应的相位解调技术，提高无线传输速率；同时保持较大的符号周期以减少多路径干扰的影响，从而提高无线传输质量。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法的流程图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机结构图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机结构图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的又一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机 结构图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的又一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机结构图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的预设的脉冲波形图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的相位波形图；
下面通过附图和实施例，对本公开的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图及实施例对本公开作进一步地详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它的实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如前所述，低功耗蓝牙(Bluetooth Low Energy，BLE)音频(Audio)技术，带来更低功耗、更低成本及更高质量的无线音频服务。但是其最大传输速率比较低，限制了无线音频质量的提高。相关技术中，为了提高BLE无线传输速率，可以降低BLE所采用的GFSK调制的符号周期。但是，调制中的符号周期越短，占用带宽越大，受多路径干扰的影响越大，远距离无线传输的性能越差。另外也可以考虑采用经典蓝牙(Classic Bluetooth)所用的差分相移键控调制(DPSK)，或者，采用多载波调制技术，以提高无线传输速率。但是，DPSK调制信号和多载波调制信号都跟BLE恒定包络信号不同，不适合BLE射频发射机发送。
为解决这个问题，本公开在低功耗蓝牙传输中，采用恒定包络相位调制技术及相应的相位解调技术，提高无线传输速率的同时，保持较大的符号周期以减少多路径干扰的影响，从而提高无线传输质量。
本公开实施例采用的低功耗蓝牙无线信号恒定包络相位调制方法的主要思想，是将高速率的二进制数据流转换为低速率的相位符号序列，再利用预 设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，将二进制数据流相位序列调制为相位信号，然后依次将其调制为两路基带信号，继而两路射频信号，再合并两路射频信号获得传输发射的射频信号。以该方法调制的信号进行传输除了可以提高无线传输速率，以及减少多路径干扰的影响，在对其进行解调时，也方便于分解为两路信号进行处理，使过程简单化。
图1示出本公开实施例提供的一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法的流程图。如图1所示,该方法至少包括如下步骤:
步骤11，根据预定的相位调制方式，将输入的二进制数据流分组，每组包含多个比特；将二进制数据流映射为相位符号，其中，一个二进制数据组被映射为一个相位符号。
具体的，本公开实施例公布的相位调制方法为恒定包络相位调制(Constant Envelope Phase Modulation，CEPM)方法，先把二进制数据流{b n}分组，再映射为相位序列{θ k}。在调制中，四相位调制(Quadrature Phase Modulation，QPM)把两个bit分为一组，八相位调制(8-Phase Modulation，8PM)把三个bit分为一组。本公开的恒定包络相位调制方法可以采用两种调制方法：π/4 QPM和π/8 8PM调制。在这两种调制中，二进制数据流{b n}与相位序列{θ k}的映射关系，分别可以如表1和表2所示。
b 2k b 2k+1 θ k
0 0 +π/4
0 1 +3π/4
1 1 -3π/4
1 0 -π/4
表1 π/4 QPM映射表
b 3k b 3k+1 b 3k+2 θ k
0 0 0 +π/8
0 0 1 +3π/8
0 1 1 +5π/8
0 1 0 +7π/8
1 1 0 -7π/8
1 1 1 -5π/8
1 0 1 -3π/8
1 0 0 -π/8
表2 π/8 QPM映射表
步骤12，用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，将由相位符号构成的相位序列调制为相位信号。
在一个实施例中，为了获得较好的频谱特性或较低的带外频谱，相位波形可以通过预设的脉冲函数积分并归一化得到，其中，相位波形的数学表达式如下:
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000006
其中，预设的脉冲函数的数学表达式为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000007
其中，0≤β<1，T为符号周期(Symbol Duration)。
得到的相位波形被后续调制步骤所利用。
在一个实施例中，采用恒定包络相位调制方法CEPM调制的相位信号的数学表达式为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000008
其中，{θ k}为相位序列,p(t)为相位波形，T为符号周期，t为时间，k为相位符号的序号。
步骤13，将相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号。
在一个实施例中，采用CEPM调制的基带信号的数学表达式为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000009
其中，A为信号幅度，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000010
I B(t)和Q B(t)即为本步骤中将相位信号转换而获得的两个分路基带信号。
在获得两路基带信号之后，要获得最终可以通过天线发射的射频信号，还需要进行基带信号和射频信号之间的转换。根据一种实施方式，所述转换和发射过程包括下列步骤：
步骤A，将两个分路基带信号调制为两个分路射频信号；
在一个实施例中，采用CEPM调制的射频信号为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000011
其中，F c为射频载波频率，P为射频信号放大增益，I R(t)＝I B(t)*cos(2π*F c*t)，Q R(t)＝-Q B(t)*sin(2π*F c*t)。
I R(t)和Q R(t)即为本步骤中将I B(t)和Q B(t)转换调制所获得的两个分路射频信号。
步骤B，合并两个分路射频信号,生成射频信号；
在一个实施例中，合并生成的射频信号为即为(EQ.05)中的S(t)，其值为P*[I R(t)+Q R(t)]。
步骤C，发送射频信号；
一般而言，该步骤中通过天线将步骤C中获得的射频信号发送出去。
本公开实施例还提供一种实施简单的相位解调方法，用于对上述调制方法调制的信号进行解调，解调方法包括：
将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为基带信号；对基带信号进行频率和时间同步，并采样后得到基带采样信号；基于基带采样信号获得差分信号；根据差分信号解调出二元数据。
在一个实施例中，将接收到的射频信号下变频为基带信号，该基带信号
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000012
的数学表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000013
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000014
为接收信号的幅度，n(t)为加性噪声，Δf(t)为残留频率偏差，ε(t)为相位噪声。
在另一个实施例中，对所述基带信号采样后得到的基带采样信号
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000015
的数学表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000016
其中，∈(k*T)为经过频率同步或校准后的相位误差。
在又一个实施例中，基于基带采样信号获得的差分信号
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000017
的数学表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000018
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000020
∈ k＝∈[(k+1)*T]-∈(k*T)，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000021
() *为复共轭。
在另一个例子中，上述差分信号
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000022
还可以表示为数学表达式：
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000023
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000026
还可基于不同的实施方式，根据差分信号解调出二元数据，其中：
对于采用π/4 QPM调制技术调制的射频信号，恢复二元数据估值
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000027
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000028
的方法为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000029
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000030
对于采用π/8 8PM调制技术调制的射频信号，恢复二元数据的估值
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000031
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000032
的方法为，
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000033
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000034
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000035
其中，||为绝对值符号。
图2示出本公开实施例提供的低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机结构图。如图2所示，该发射机具体为CEPM(恒定包络相位调制)发射机，包含发送数据处理单元(Transmit Data Processor)，相位映射单元(Phase Mapper)，相位波形产生单元(Pulse Shaper)，相位信号产生单元(Phase Signal Generator)，基带信号产生单元(Baseband Signal Generator)，射频信号产生单元(Radio Transmitter)，和天线(Antenna)。
其中，发送数据处理单元提供待传输的二进制数据流，功能可以包括数据加密、白化、信道编码、循环冗余校验(Cyclic Redundancy Check，CRC)等。相位映射单元根据表1或表2把数据处理单元提供的二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列。相位波形产生单元根据EQ.01和EQ.02产生相位波形。相位信号产生单元使用相位波形产生单元生成的相位波形把相位映射单元产生的相位序列，根据EQ.03生成相位信号。基带信号产生单元根据EQ.04把相位信号产生单元生成的相位信号转换为两路基带信号，I B(t)和Q B(t)。I B(t)和Q B(t)的生成过程如EQ.04所示，包括分别根据cosine和sine函数把相位信号变换为两路基带信号，再增益放大其幅度为A。射频信号产生单元根据EQ.05把基带信号产生单元生成的两路基带信号I B(t)和Q B(t)分别调制在相位差90度的正交两路射频载波cos(2π*F c*t)和sin(2π*F c*t))上生成两路射频信号I R(t)和Q R(t)。两路射频信号相加合并后，再经过增益为P的功率放大器生成射频信号S(t)。最后，天线把射频信号产生单元调制的射频信号发射到空中。
图3示出本公开实施例提供的低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机结构图。如图3所示，该接收机具体为CEPM(恒定包络相位调制)接收机,包含天线(Antenna)，射频信号处理单元(Radio Receiver)，同步单元(Synchronizer)，采样单元(Sampler)，差分解调单元(Differentiator)，解映射单元(De-Mapper)，接收数据处理单元(Receive Data Processor)。
其中，天线接收空中的无线射频信号。射频信号处理单元把射频信号乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波下变频为基带信号，如EQ.06所示。射频信号处理单元还可以包括带通滤波、低噪声放大器、基带增益放大器、基带滤波器等，用于增强信号并滤除干扰和噪声。同步单元用于估计接收机和发射机之间的频率偏差，并估计准确的采样时间。采样单元根据同步单元提供的同步信号校准频率偏差，并以符号周期T为间隔在准确的时间点采样信号，如EQ.07。差分解调单元根据EQ.08和EQ.09对间隔为周期T的采样信号做差分处理，即复数共轭乘，并获得
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000036
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000037
两路信号序列。解映射单元根据EQ.10或EQ.11把
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000038
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000039
两路信号序列映射为二进制数据流。最后，接收数据处理单元进一步处理二进制数据流，功能可以包括解白化、信道解码、循环冗余校验和解密等。
本公开实施例提供的CEPM调制在BLE中应用的包格式同一般的BLE包格式相同，如表3所示。包括前导符(Preamble)，接入地址(Access Address)，协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)和循环冗余校验(Cyclic Redundancy Check，CRC)，其中，接入地址32bits，CRC 24bits。
Preamble Access Address PDU CRC
表3
本公开实施例提供了三种BLE传输速率的CEPM调制方法，包括LE E2M，LE H3M，LE H4M。
其中，LE E2M采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM时，调制过程中EQ.02的参数β的取值范围为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝1us，传输速率为2Mbps；。如图3所示的包格式中，蓝牙BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位符号。在一个具体的实施例中，设置蓝牙BLE 数据包中的前导符为16比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含8个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
LE H3M采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM，调制过程中EQ.02的参数β的取值范围为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝2/3us，传输速率为3Mbps。如图3所示的包格式中，蓝牙BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位符号；在一个具体的实施例中，设置蓝牙BLE数据包中的前导符为24个比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
LE H4M采用的调制方式为八相位调制π/8 8PM，调制过程中EQ.02的参数β的取值范围为[0，0.2]；符号周期T＝3/4us，传输速率为4Mbps；如图3所示的包格式中，蓝牙BLE数据包中的协议数据单元被映射为1～86个相位符号，将其中的循环冗余校验映射被为8个相位符号。在一个具体的实施例中，设置蓝牙BLE数据包中的前导符为36比特的{001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8}。在一个具体实施例中，将蓝牙BLE数据包中32比特的接入地址填补1比特，形成33比特后，将其映射为11个相位符号。
图4示出本公开实施例提供的又一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机结构图。如图4所示，该数字发射机包含，发送数据处理单元(Transmit Data Processor)，相位映射单元(Phase Mapper)，数字相位波形产生单元(Digital Pulse Shaper)，数字相位信号产生单元(Digital Phase Signal Generator)，数字基带信号产生单元(Digital Baseband Signal Generator)，数模转换单元(Digital-to-Analog Converter，DAC)，射频信号产生单元(Radio Transmitter)， 和天线(Antenna)。
其中，发送数据处理单元提供待传输的二进制数据流，功能可以包括数据加密、白化、信道编码、循环冗余校验(CRC)等。相位映射单元根据表1或表2把数据处理单元提供二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列。数字相位波形产生单元根据EQ.01和EQ.02产生数字相位波形。LE E2M，LE H3M，LE H4M的数字波形过采样倍数分别为48，32，36。数字相位信号产生单元使用数字相位波形产生单元生成的数字相位波形把相位映射单元产生的相位序列，根据EQ.03生成数字相位信号。在一个实施例中，数字相位信号还可以基于预存的波形数据产生数字相位信号，预存的波形数据也是基于EQ.01和EQ.02公式产生，但不是实时产生，而是预先产生并以波形数据的形式保存。
数字基带信号产生单元根据EQ.04把数字相位信号产生单元生成的数字相位信号转换为两路数字基带信号，即根据余弦和正弦函数把数字相位信号变换为两路数字基带信号。其中，每路数字基带信号量化为9bits。两路数字基带信号通过DAC转换为模拟基带信号。射频信号产生单元对数模转换单元输出的模拟基带信号低通滤波后，根据EQ.05把两路模拟基带信号I B(t)和Q B(t)分别调制在相位差90度的正交两路射频载波cos(2π*F c*t)和sin(2π*F c*t))上生成两路射频信号I R(t)和Q R(t)。两路射频信号相加合并后，再经过增益为P的功率放大器生成射频信号S(t)。最后，天线把射频信号产生单元调制的射频信号发射到空中。
图6示出本公开实施例提供的预设的脉冲波形图。图6中所示，为LE E2M采用的根据EQ.02产生的脉冲波形，其中，β＝0.2，T＝1us。图7示出本公开实施例提供的相位波形图。图7中所示，为LE E2M采用的根据EQ.01产生的对应图6脉冲的相位波形，其中，β＝0.2，T＝1us。
图5示出本公开实施例提供的又一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机结构图。如图5所示为，该数字接收机结构包含，天线(Antenna)，射频信 号处理单元(Radio Receiver)，模数转换单元(Analog-to-Digital Converter，ADC)，数字低中频下变频单元(Digital Low Intermediate Frequency Down Converter)，数字滤波器(Digital Filter)，数字同步单元(Digital Synchronizer)，数字差分解调单元(Digital Differentiator)，解映射单元(De-Mapper)，接收数据处理单元(Receive Data Processor)。
其中，天线接收空中的无线射频信号。在射频信号处理单元，LE E2M，LE H3M，LE H4M都采用2MHz低中频结构把射频信号乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波下变频为2MHz低中频模拟复基带信号。射频信号处理单元还可以包括带通滤波、低噪声放大器、基带增益放大器、低通或带通模拟滤波器，用于增强信号并滤除干扰和噪声。模数转换单元把低中频模拟复基带信号转化为数字低中频复信号。LE E2M，LE H3M，LE H4M的模数转换的采样率都为12MHz，其中，LE E2M过采样倍数为12，LE H3M过采样倍数为8，LE H4M过采样倍数为9。数字低中频下变频单元把数字低中频复信号转化为I/Q两路数字基带信号。数字滤波器对数字基带信号低通滤波，进一步抑制干扰和噪声。数字同步单元对滤波后的数字基带信号估计频率偏差和采样时间偏差，提供到数字差分解调单元用于校准频率偏差和计算最佳的差分采样点。数字差分解调单元对间隔为过采样点(LE E2M过采样倍数为12，LE H3M过采样倍数为8，LE H4M过采样倍数为9)的两个数字复信号做差分处理，即复数共轭乘，并获得EQ.09所示的
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000040
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000041
两路信号序列。解映射单元根据EQ.10或EQ.11把
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000042
和
Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-000043
两路信号序列映射为二进制数据流。最后，接收数据处理单元进一步处理二进制数据流，功能可以包括解白化、信道解码、循环冗余校验和解密等。
从以上实施例可以看出，采用本公开提供的一种恒定包络相位调制方法和相应的相位解调方法，以及实现所述方法的设备，提高了无线传输速率；同时保持较大的符号周期以减少多路径干扰的影响，从而提高无线传输质量。
上述对本说明书特定实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在所附权利要求书的范围内。在一些情况下，在权利要求书中记载的动作或步骤可以按照不同于实施例中的顺序来执行并且仍然可以实现期望的结果。另外，在附图中描绘的过程不一定要求示出的特定顺序或者连续顺序才能实现期望的结果。在某些实施方式中，多任务处理和并行处理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。
专业人员应该还可以进一步意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本公开的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以用硬件、处理器执行的软件模块，或者二者的结合来实施。软件模块可以置于随机存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、内存、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、电可编程ROM、电可擦除可编程ROM、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、只读光盘驱动器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)、或技术领域内所公知的任意其它形式的存储介质中。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本公开的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本公开的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本公开的保护范围，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制方法，包括：
    根据预定的相位调制方式，将输入的二进制数据流分组，每组包含多个比特；将所述二进制数据流映射为相位符号，其中，一个二进制数据组被映射为一个相位符号；
    利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，将由所述相位符号构成的相位序列调制为相位信号；
    将所述相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调制方法，其中，所述相位波形的数学表达式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-100001
    其中，所述预设的脉冲函数的数学表达式为，
    Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-100002
    其中，0≤β<1，T为符号周期，t为时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的调制方法，其中，所述相位信号的数学表达式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-100003
    其中，{θ k}为相位序列,p(t)为相位波形，T为符号周期，t为时间，k为相位符号的序号。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的调制方法，其中，所述将所述相位信号分别通 过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号包括：将所述相位信号分别通过余弦函数和正弦函数转换为两路基带信号I B(t)和Q B(t)，
    Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-100004
    其中，A为信号幅度，
    Figure PCTCN2021094621-appb-100005
    为相位信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的调制方法，其中，所述预定的相位调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM或八相位调制π/8 8PM；
    其中,在四相位调制π/4 QPM中，将二进制数据流中每两个比特分为一组；在八相位调制π/8 8PM中,将二进制数据流中每三个比特分为一组。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的调制方法，其中，在四相位调制π/4 QPM中，分为一组的两个比特表示为b 2k、b 2k+1，二进制数据流{b n}和相位序列{θ k}的映射关系为，
    当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为0、0，映射的相位θ k为+π/4，
    当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为0、1，映射的相位θ k为+3π/4，
    当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为1、1，映射的相位θ k为-3π/4，
    当b 2k、b 2k+1分别为1、0，映射的相位θ k为-π/4；
    在八相位调制π/8 8PM中，分为一组的三个bit表示为b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2，二进制数据流{b n}和相位序列{θ k}的映射关系为，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、0、0，映射的相位θ k为+π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、0、1，映射的相位θ k为+3π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、1、1，映射的相位θ k为+5π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为0、1、0，映射的相位θ k为+7π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、1、0，映射的相位θ k为-7π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、1、1，映射的相位θ k为-5π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、0、1，映射的相位θ k为-3π/8，
    当b 3k、b 3k+1、b 3k+2分别为1、0、0，映射的相位θ k为-π/8。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的调制方法，其中，
    采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM时，β的取值范围为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝1us，传输速率为2Mbps；
    低功耗蓝牙BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位符号；
    设置BLE数据包中的前导符为16比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含8个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的调制方法，其中，
    采用的调制方式为四相位调制π/4 QPM时，β的取值范围为[0，0.2]，符号周期T＝2/3us，传输速率为3Mbps；
    BLE数据包中的接入地址被映射为16个相位符号，其中的协议数据单元被映射为1～129个相位符号，其中的循环冗余校验被映射为12个相位符号；
    设置BLE数据包中的前导符为24个比特的{00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 10}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4,+π/4,-π/4}。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的调制方法，其中，
    采用的调制方式为八相位调制π/8 8PM时，β的取值范围为[0，0.2]；符号周期T＝3/4us，传输速率为4Mbps；
    将BLE数据包中的协议数据单元映射为1～86个相位符号，将其中的循环冗余校验映射为8个相位符号；
    设置BLE数据包中的前导符为36比特的{001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101 001 101}，并将其映射为包含12个相位符号的相位序列{+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8,+3π/8,-3π/8}；
    将BLE数据包中32比特的接入地址填补1比特，形成33比特后，将其映射为11个相位符号。
  10. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位解调方法，用于对权利要求1至9中任一项所述的调制方法调制的信号进行解调，所述解调方法包括，
    将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为基带信号；
    对所述基带信号进行频率和时间同步，并采样后得到基带采样信号；
    基于所述基带采样信号获得差分信号；
    根据所述差分信号解调出二元数据。
  11. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机，其中，所述发射机实现权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，以及包含：
    发送数据处理单元，配置为提供二进制数据流；
    相位映射单元，配置为将二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列；
    相位波形产生单元，配置为利用预设的脉冲函数积分得到的相位波形，产生相位波形；
    相位信号产生单元，配置为利用所述相位波形，将所述相位序列调制为相位信号；
    基带信号产生单元，配置为将所述相位信号转换为两个分路基带信号；
    射频信号产生单元，配置为将两个分路基带信号分别调制为两个分路射频信号，再将两个分路射频信号合并后，经过功率放大器生成射频信号；和
    天线，配置为将所述射频信号发射到空中。
  12. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机，其中，所述接收机实现权利要求10所述的方法，以及包含：
    天线，配置为接收空中无线射频信号；
    射频信号处理单元，配置为将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为基带信号；
    同步单元，配置为估计接收机和发射机之间的频率偏差，以及准确的采样时间；
    采样单元，配置为对所述基带信号进行采样后得到基带采样信号；
    差分解调单元，配置为基于所述基带采样信号获得差分信号；
    解映射单元，根据所述差分信号解调出二元数据；
    接收数据处理单元，配置为处理二进制数据流。
  13. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制发射机，其中，所述发射机实现权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，以及包含：
    发送数据处理单元，配置为提供二进制数据流；
    相位映射单元，配置为将二进制数据流分组并映射为相位序列；
    数字相位波形产生单元，配置为利用预设的脉冲函数积分，产生数字相位波形；
    数字相位信号产生单元，配置为利用所述数字相位波形，将所述相位序列调制生成数字相位信号，或
    根据预先保存的波形数据，生成数字相位信号；
    数字基带信号产生单元，将所述数字相位信号转换为两路数字基带信号；
    数模转换单元，配置为将所述两个分路数字基带信号分别转换为两个分路模拟基带信号；
    射频信号产生单元，配置为将两个分路模拟基带信号分别调制为两个分路射频信号，再将两个分路射频信号合并后，经过功率放大器生成射频信号；和
    天线，配置为将所述射频信号发射到空中。
  14. 一种低功耗蓝牙恒定包络相位调制接收机，其中，所述接收机实现权利要求10所述的方法，以及包含：
    天线，配置为接收空中无线射频信号；
    射频信号处理单元，配置为将接收到的射频信号，乘以相位差90度的正交两路射频载波，下变频为低中频模拟基带信号；
    模数转换单元，配置为将所述低中频模拟复基带信号转化为数字低中频 复信号；
    数字低中频下变频单元,配置为将把数字低中频复信号转化为I/Q两路数字基带信号；
    数字滤波器，配置为对数字基带信号低通滤波；
    数字同步单元，配置为对滤波后的数字基带信号估计频率偏差和采样时间偏差；
    数字差分解调单元，配置为对间隔为过采样点的I/Q两路数字基带信号做差分处理，获得两路信号序列；
    解映射单元，配置为将两路信号序列映射为二进制数据流；
    接收数据处理单元，配置为处理二进制数据流。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的发射机，其中，数字相位波形产生单元产生数字相位波形的过采样倍数为48、32、36中的一种。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的接收机，其中，模数转换单元将低中频模拟复基带信号转化为数字低中频复信号中，采样率为12MHz，过采样倍数为12、8、9中的一种。
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