WO2021248858A1 - 一种基于plc的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种基于plc的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021248858A1
WO2021248858A1 PCT/CN2020/134152 CN2020134152W WO2021248858A1 WO 2021248858 A1 WO2021248858 A1 WO 2021248858A1 CN 2020134152 W CN2020134152 W CN 2020134152W WO 2021248858 A1 WO2021248858 A1 WO 2021248858A1
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Prior art keywords
compensation
pressure
actual
grinding
grinding wheel
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PCT/CN2020/134152
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑志发
毕辉
张文城
杜腾霄
郑名填
黄仕潇
彭天云
杨胜锐
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巨轮(广州)机器人与智能制造有限公司
巨轮(广州)智能装备有限公司
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Publication of WO2021248858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248858A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B51/00Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automatic mechanical equipment, and in particular to a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method and system.
  • the existing automatic polishing constant pressure control method keeps the polishing pressure constant through aerodynamic control, specifically by obtaining the pressure change value during polishing, and adjusting the cylinder pushing force according to the pressure change value to keep the polishing pressure constant.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method and system, which can effectively improve the polishing effect of polishing products.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method, including:
  • the compensation parameter corresponding to the pressure compensation value is identified according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located, wherein the compensation Parameters include compensation direction and actual compensation speed;
  • the control compensation mechanism operates according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed to polish the object to be polished.
  • the setting of the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure of the object to be polished is specifically:
  • the required grinding speed and required grinding pressure are set according to the grinding position of the object to be polished.
  • the actual output current of the grinding wheel inverter I real 9550*U/T real *n, pass
  • the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter is collected to calculate the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism, where R is the radius of action of the grinding wheel mechanism.
  • the compensation parameter corresponding to the pressure compensation value is identified according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located, wherein,
  • the compensation parameters include compensation direction and actual compensation speed, which are specifically:
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is obtained as forward; if the pressure compensation value is negative, the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is obtained as backward;
  • the preset compensation speeds corresponding to the pressure compensation values in different numerical intervals are set, and the actual compensation speed is obtained according to the preset compensation speeds corresponding to the numerical intervals in which the pressure compensation values are located.
  • the obtaining the actual rotation speed according to the preset compensation rotation speed corresponding to the interval of the pressure compensation value is specifically:
  • the compensation gain is set as required, and the preset compensation rotation speed is multiplied by the compensation gain to obtain the actual compensation rotation speed.
  • another embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control system, including a setting module, an instruction sending module, a calculation module, a comparison module, an identification module, and a control module;
  • the setting module is used to set the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure of the object to be polished
  • the instruction sending module is configured to generate a control instruction according to the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure, and send the control instruction to the grinding wheel mechanism, so that the grinding wheel mechanism operates according to the control instruction;
  • the calculation module is used to calculate the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter
  • the comparison module is used to compare the required grinding pressure with the actual pressure, and obtain a pressure compensation value according to the comparison result;
  • the identification module is configured to identify the compensation corresponding to the pressure compensation value according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located when the pressure compensation value exceeds a preset range Parameters, where the compensation parameters include compensation direction and actual compensation speed;
  • the control module is used to control the compensation mechanism to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed to polish the object to be polished.
  • the setting module is specifically:
  • the required grinding speed and required grinding pressure are set according to the grinding position of the object to be polished.
  • calculation module is specifically:
  • the actual output current of the grinding wheel inverter I real 9550*U/T real *n, pass
  • the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter is collected to calculate the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism, where R is the radius of action of the grinding wheel mechanism.
  • identification module is specifically:
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is obtained as forward; if the pressure compensation value is negative, the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is obtained as backward;
  • the preset compensation speed corresponding to the pressure compensation value in different numerical intervals is set, and the actual compensation speed is obtained according to the preset compensation speed corresponding to the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located.
  • the obtaining the actual rotation speed according to the preset compensation rotation speed corresponding to the interval of the pressure compensation value is specifically:
  • the compensation gain is set as required, and the preset compensation rotation speed is multiplied by the compensation gain to obtain the actual compensation rotation speed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method and system.
  • the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, and the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter.
  • the difference between the grinding pressure and the actual pressure is required to obtain the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed, and the compensation mechanism is controlled to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed.
  • the object to be polished is polished, which can effectively prevent the grinding wheel mechanism from being unable to work stably due to sudden changes in the grinding pressure. Circumstances, can effectively improve the polishing effect of the polishing product.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control system provided by the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control method, including:
  • control command is used to control the start-stop and the rotation speed of the grinding wheel mechanism.
  • the preset range of the pressure compensation value can be set by judging whether the pressure compensation value exceeds the preset range. If the pressure compensation value exceeds the preset range of pressure compensation, the pressure compensation value The positive and negative values and the numerical range of the pressure compensation value are identified, and the compensation parameters corresponding to the pressure compensation value are identified; if the pressure compensation value does not exceed the preset range of the pressure compensation value, continue to calculate the grinding wheel mechanism by collecting the actual output current of the grinding wheel inverter Actual pressure.
  • the compensation parameters corresponding to the pressure compensation value are identified according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located.
  • the compensation parameters include the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed. ;
  • the compensation mechanism is controlled to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed, and the object to be polished is polished.
  • the grinding wheel mechanism is driven by the PLC controller and the compensation cabinet is operated. Before the grinding wheel mechanism starts to work, it is judged whether the working mode of the grinding wheel mechanism is automatic mode. If so, the grinding wheel mechanism is allowed to execute the control command; the implementation of the present invention For example, before controlling the compensation direction and actual compensation speed of the compensation mechanism, it is necessary to determine whether the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point. If so, the compensation mechanism is driven to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed.
  • three proximity sensors are used to detect the forward limit movement, origin movement, and backward movement of the compensation mechanism. After detecting that the mechanism executes the origin movement, the proximity sensor corresponding to the origin movement feedbacks the feedback signal that the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point. , It is judged that the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point.
  • the unit of the set required grinding speed is n/min
  • the set required grinding pressure is expressed by the percentage of the output current, for example, 40.00% of the set output current is the set required Polish the pressure; identify the actual pressure by comparing the percentage of the actual output current to the output current.
  • the actual pressure is 44.00% of the output current.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides that the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, and the pressure compensation value is obtained according to the difference between the required grinding pressure and the actual pressure, so as to obtain the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed corresponding to the pressure compensation value.
  • the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure of the object to be polished are set, specifically as follows:
  • the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is calculated according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, specifically as follows:
  • the compensation parameter corresponding to the pressure compensation value is identified according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located, where , Compensation parameters include compensation direction and actual compensation speed, specifically:
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is forward; if the pressure compensation value is negative, the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is backward;
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is controlled according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value.
  • the pressure compensation value is positive, that is, when the set required grinding pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the speed of the compensation mechanism is controlled to be forward.
  • Direction When the pressure compensation value is negative, that is, when the required grinding pressure is less than the actual pressure, the speed of the control compensation mechanism is the backward direction.
  • the actual compensation speed that needs to be compensated by the compensation mechanism can be obtained, and the compensation mechanism is controlled to The operation of the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed can effectively keep the polishing pressure of the object to be polished constant, thereby effectively improving the polishing effect of the object to be polished.
  • the actual rotation speed is obtained according to the preset compensation rotation speed corresponding to the interval of the pressure compensation value, specifically:
  • the actual compensation speed obtained by multiplying the preset compensation speed and the compensation gain is more reliable and accurate, thereby effectively improving the quality of the object to be polished. Sanding effect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides that the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, and the pressure compensation value is obtained according to the difference between the required grinding pressure and the actual pressure, so as to obtain the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed corresponding to the pressure compensation value. , And control the compensation mechanism to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed to change the contact depth and contact area between the workpiece and the consumables, so that the grinding pressure of the object to be polished is constant, which can effectively avoid the situation that the grinding wheel mechanism cannot work stably due to sudden changes in the grinding pressure , Can effectively improve the polishing effect of polishing products.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a PLC-based automatic polishing constant pressure control system, which includes a setting module, an instruction sending module, a calculation module, a comparison module, an identification module, and a control module;
  • the setting module 101 is used to set the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure of the object to be polished;
  • the instruction sending module 102 is used to generate a control instruction according to the required grinding speed and the required grinding pressure, and send the control instruction to the grinding wheel mechanism, so that the grinding wheel mechanism operates according to the control instruction;
  • control command is used to control the start-stop and the rotation speed of the grinding wheel mechanism.
  • the calculation module 103 is used to calculate the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter;
  • the comparison module 104 is used to compare the required grinding pressure with the actual pressure, and obtain a pressure compensation value according to the comparison result;
  • the preset range of pressure compensation value is set by judging whether the pressure compensation value exceeds the preset range. If the pressure compensation value exceeds the preset range of pressure compensation, the pressure compensation value is positive Negative value and the value range of the pressure compensation value, identify the compensation parameter corresponding to the pressure compensation value; if the pressure compensation value does not exceed the preset range of the pressure compensation value, continue to calculate the actual output current of the grinding wheel by collecting the actual output current of the grinding wheel inverter pressure.
  • the identification module 105 is used to identify the compensation parameter corresponding to the pressure compensation value according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value and the numerical interval in which the pressure compensation value is located when the pressure compensation value exceeds the preset range, where the compensation parameter includes the compensation direction And the actual compensation speed;
  • the control module 106 is used to control the compensation mechanism to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed, and to polish the object to be polished.
  • the grinding wheel mechanism is driven by the PLC controller and the compensation cabinet is operated. Before the grinding wheel mechanism starts to work, it is judged whether the working mode of the grinding wheel mechanism is automatic mode. If so, the grinding wheel mechanism is allowed to execute the control command; the implementation of the present invention For example, before controlling the compensation direction and actual compensation speed of the compensation mechanism, it is necessary to determine whether the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point. If so, the compensation mechanism is driven to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed.
  • three proximity sensors are used to detect the forward limit movement, origin movement, and backward movement of the compensation mechanism. After detecting that the mechanism executes the origin movement, the proximity sensor corresponding to the origin movement feedbacks the feedback signal that the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point. , It is judged that the compensation mechanism is at the HOME point.
  • the unit of the set required grinding speed is n/min
  • the set required grinding pressure is expressed by the percentage of the output current, for example, 40.00% of the set output current is the set required Polish the pressure; identify the actual pressure by comparing the percentage of the actual output current to the output current.
  • the actual pressure is 44.00% of the output current.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides that the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, and the pressure compensation value is obtained according to the difference between the required grinding pressure and the actual pressure, so as to obtain the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed corresponding to the pressure compensation value.
  • the setting module 101 is specifically:
  • the calculation module 103 is specifically:
  • the identification module 105 is specifically:
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is forward; if the pressure compensation value is negative, the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is backward;
  • the compensation direction of the compensation mechanism is controlled according to the positive and negative values of the pressure compensation value.
  • the pressure compensation value is positive, that is, when the set required grinding pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the speed of the compensation mechanism is controlled to be forward.
  • Direction When the pressure compensation value is negative, that is, when the required grinding pressure is less than the actual pressure, the speed of the control compensation mechanism is the backward direction.
  • the actual compensation speed that needs to be compensated by the compensation mechanism can be obtained, and the compensation mechanism is controlled to The operation of the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed can effectively keep the polishing pressure of the object to be polished constant, thereby effectively improving the polishing effect of the object to be polished.
  • the actual rotation speed is obtained according to the preset compensation rotation speed corresponding to the interval of the pressure compensation value, which is specifically:
  • the actual compensation speed obtained by multiplying the preset compensation speed and the compensation gain is more reliable and accurate, thereby effectively improving the quality of the object to be polished. Sanding effect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides that the actual pressure of the grinding wheel mechanism is obtained according to the actual output current of the grinding wheel frequency converter, and the pressure compensation value is obtained according to the difference between the required grinding pressure and the actual pressure, so as to obtain the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed corresponding to the pressure compensation value. , And control the compensation mechanism to operate according to the compensation direction and the actual compensation speed to change the contact depth and contact area between the workpiece and the consumables, so that the grinding pressure of the object to be polished is constant, which can effectively avoid the situation that the grinding wheel mechanism cannot work stably due to sudden changes in the grinding pressure , Can effectively improve the polishing effect of polishing products.

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Abstract

一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,包括:设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;根据所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力生成控制指令,使磨轮机构根据控制指令运转;根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力;将所需打磨压力与实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;当压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;控制补偿机构根据补偿方向以及实际补偿转速运行,对待打磨物件进行打磨。一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,用于实现上述方法,包括:设定模块(101)、指令发送模块(102)、计算模块(103)、比对模块(104)、识别模块(015)和控制模块(106)。所述控制方法及系统能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。

Description

一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及自动化机械设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统。
背景技术
打磨抛光技术作为现代工件表面加工处理领域中的重要技术环节,通过打磨设备使工件表面粗糙度降低,以获得光亮、平整表面。现有的自动打磨恒压控制方法通过气动力控的方式保持打磨压力恒定,具体为通过获取打磨时的压力变化值,并根据压力变化值调节气缸推出力来保持打磨压力恒定。
使用现有的自动打磨控制方法进行打磨,存在以下问题:
适应性差,打磨轨迹或工件外观偏差较大时导致打磨压力突变,从而造成磨轮机构震荡无法稳定工作的情况,无法稳定保证打磨产品的打磨效果。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
一方面,本发明的一个实施例提供了一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,包括:
设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
根据所述所需打磨转速和所述所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将所述控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使所述磨轮机构根据所述控制指令运转;
根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力;
将所述所需打磨压力与所述实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
控制补偿机构根据所述补偿方向以及所述实际补偿转速运行,对所述待打磨物件进行打磨。
进一步地,所述设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力,具体为:
根据所述待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
进一步地,所述根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,具体为:
根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到所述磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据所述磨轮机构在所述变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为所述磨轮机构的作用半径。
进一步地,当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速,具体为:
若所述压力补偿值为正值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若所述压力补偿值为负值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据所述压力补偿值 所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
进一步地,所述根据所述压力补偿值所在区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
根据需要设定补偿增益,将所述预设补偿转速与所述补偿增益相乘得到所述实际补偿转速。
另一方面,本发明的另一实施例提供了一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,包括设定模块、指令发送模块、计算模块、比对模块、识别模块和控制模块;
所述设定模块,用于设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
所述指令发送模块,用于根据所述所需打磨转速和所述所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将所述控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使所述磨轮机构根据所述控制指令运转;
所述计算模块,用于根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力;
所述比对模块,用于将所述所需打磨压力与所述实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
所述识别模块,用于当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
所述控制模块,用于控制补偿机构根据所述补偿方向以及所述实际补偿转速运行,对所述待打磨物件进行打磨。
进一步地,所述设定模块,具体为:
根据所述待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
进一步地,所述计算模块,具体为:
根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到所述磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据所述磨轮机构在所述变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为所述磨轮机构的作用半径。
进一步地,所述识别模块,具体为:
若所述压力补偿值为正值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若所述压力补偿值为负值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
进一步地,所述根据所述压力补偿值所在区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
根据需要设定补偿增益,将所述预设补偿转速与所述补偿增益相乘得到所述实际补偿转速。
本发明实施例提供一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法及系统,通过设定待打磨物件的所需打磨压力,并根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流得到磨轮机构的实际压力,并根据所需打磨压力和实际压力的差值得到补偿方向和实际补偿转速,并控制补偿机构根据补偿方向和实际补偿转速运行,对待打磨物件进行打磨,能够有效避免磨轮机构因打磨压力突变而无法稳定工作的情况,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法的流程示意图;
图2是本发明提供的一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1:
本发明的第一实施例。
本发明实施例提供的一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,包括:
S1、设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
S2、根据所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使磨轮机构根据控制指令运转;
在本发明实施例中,控制指令用于控制磨轮机构的启停和转速。
S3、根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力;
S4、将所需打磨压力与实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
在本发明实施例中,可以理解的是,可以设置压力补偿值的预设范围,通过判断压力补偿值是否超出预设范围,若压力补偿值超出压力补偿预设范围,则根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数;若压力补偿值没有超出压力补偿值预设范围,则继续通过采集磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力。
S5、当压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
S6、控制补偿机构根据补偿方向以及实际补偿转速运行,对待打磨物件进行打磨。
在本发明实施例中,通过PLC控制器驱动磨轮机构和补偿机柜运转,磨轮机构在开始工作前,判断磨轮机构的工作模式是否为自动模式,若是,则允许磨轮机构执行控制指令;本发明实施例在对补偿机构进行补偿方向以及实际补偿转速的控制之前,需要判断补偿机构是否处于HOME点,若是,则驱动补偿机构根据补偿方向以及实际补偿转速进行运行。本发明实施例分别通过三个接近传感器来检测补偿机构的前进限位动作、原点动作和后退动作,在检测到机构执行原点动作后,原点动作对应的接近传感器反馈补偿机构处于HOME点的反馈信号,判断补偿机构处于HOME点。
在本发明实施例中,设定的所需打磨转速的单位为n/min,设定的所需打磨压力通过输出电流的百分比来表示,如设定输出电流的40.00%为设定的所需打磨压力;通过将实际输出电流与输出电流的百分比来辨识实际压力,如实际压力为输出电流的44.00%。本发明实施例提根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流得到磨轮机构的实际压力,并根据所需打磨压力和实际压力的差值得到压力补偿值,以得到压力补偿值对应的补偿方向与实际补偿转速,并控制补偿机构根据补偿方向和实际补偿转速运行,以改变工件与耗材的接触深度及接触面积,使得对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,能够有效避免磨轮机构因打磨压力突变而无法稳定工作的情况,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力,具体为:
根据待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力,具体为:
根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据磨轮机构在变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为磨轮机构的作用半径。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,当压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速,具体为:
若压力补偿值为正值,则得到补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若压力补偿值为负值,则得到补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据压力补偿值所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
在本发明实施例中,根据压力补偿值的正负值控制补偿机构的补偿方向,在压力补偿值为正时,即设定的所需打磨压力大于实际压力时,控制补偿机构的转速为前进方向;在压力补偿值为负时,即设定的所需打磨压力小于实际压力时,控制补偿机构的转速为后退方向。本发明实施例通过设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据压力补偿值对应数值区间的预设补偿转速,可以得到需要补偿机构进行补偿的实际补偿转速,控制补偿机构以补偿方向与实际补偿转速进行运行,能够有效保持对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,从而能够有效提高待打磨物件的打磨效果。
作为本发明的一种具体实施例,根据压力补偿值所在区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
根据需要设定补偿增益,将预设补偿转速与补偿增益相乘得到实际补偿转速。
在本发明实施例中,通过设定补偿增益响应补偿机构的速度调节功能,使得通过将将预设补偿转速与补偿增益相乘得到实际补偿转速更加可靠和准确,从而能够有效提高对待打磨物件的打磨效果。
实施本发明实施例,具有以下有益效果:
本发明实施例提根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流得到磨轮机构的实际压力,并根据所需打磨压力和实际压力的差值得到压力补偿值,以得到压力补偿值对应的补偿方向与实际补偿转速,并控制补偿机构根据补偿方向和实际补偿转速运行,以改变工件与耗材的接触深度及接触面积,使得对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,能够有效避免磨轮机构因打磨压力突变而无法稳定工作的情况,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
请参阅图2:
本发明的第二实施例。
本发明实施例提供的一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,包括设定模块、指令发送模块、计算模块、比对模块、识别模块和控制模块;
设定模块101,用于设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
指令发送模块102,用于根据所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使磨轮机构根据控制指令运转;
在本发明实施例中,控制指令用于控制磨轮机构的启停和转速。
计算模块103,用于根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力;
比对模块104,用于将所需打磨压力与实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
在本发明实施例中,可以理解的是,设置压力补偿值的预设范围,通过判断 压力补偿值是否超出预设范围,若压力补偿值超出压力补偿预设范围,则根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数;若压力补偿值没有超出压力补偿值预设范围,则继续通过采集磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力。
识别模块105,用于当压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据压力补偿值的正负值以及压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
控制模块106,用于控制补偿机构根据补偿方向以及实际补偿转速运行,对待打磨物件进行打磨。
在本发明实施例中,通过PLC控制器驱动磨轮机构和补偿机柜运转,磨轮机构在开始工作前,判断磨轮机构的工作模式是否为自动模式,若是,则允许磨轮机构执行控制指令;本发明实施例在对补偿机构进行补偿方向以及实际补偿转速的控制之前,需要判断补偿机构是否处于HOME点,若是,则驱动补偿机构根据补偿方向以及实际补偿转速进行运行。本发明实施例分别通过三个接近传感器来检测补偿机构的前进限位动作、原点动作和后退动作,在检测到机构执行原点动作后,原点动作对应的接近传感器反馈补偿机构处于HOME点的反馈信号,判断补偿机构处于HOME点。
在本发明实施例中,设定的所需打磨转速的单位为n/min,设定的所需打磨压力通过输出电流的百分比来表示,如设定输出电流的40.00%为设定的所需打磨压力;通过将实际输出电流与输出电流的百分比来辨识实际压力,如实际压力为输出电流的44.00%。本发明实施例提根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流得到磨轮机构的实际压力,并根据所需打磨压力和实际压力的差值得到压力补偿值,以得到压力补偿值对应的补偿方向与实际补偿转速,并控制补偿机构根据补偿方向和实际补偿转速运行,以改变工件与耗材的接触深度及接触面积,使得对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,能够有效避免磨轮机构因打磨压力突变而无法稳定工作的情 况,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,设定模块101,具体为:
根据待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,计算模块103,具体为:
根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据磨轮机构在变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为磨轮机构的作用半径。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,识别模块105,具体为:
若压力补偿值为正值,则得到补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若压力补偿值为负值,则得到补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据压力补偿值所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
在本发明实施例中,根据压力补偿值的正负值控制补偿机构的补偿方向,在压力补偿值为正时,即设定的所需打磨压力大于实际压力时,控制补偿机构的转速为前进方向;在压力补偿值为负时,即设定的所需打磨压力小于实际压力时,控制补偿机构的转速为后退方向。本发明实施例通过设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据压力补偿值对应数值区间的预设补偿转速,可以得到需要补偿机构进行补偿的实际补偿转速,控制补偿机构以补偿方向与实际补偿转速进行运行,能够有效保持对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,从而能够有效提高待打磨物件的打磨效果。
作为本发明实施例的一种具体实施方式,根据压力补偿值所在区间对应的预 设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
根据需要设定补偿增益,将预设补偿转速与补偿增益相乘得到实际补偿转速。
在本发明实施例中,通过设定补偿增益响应补偿机构的速度调节功能,使得通过将将预设补偿转速与补偿增益相乘得到实际补偿转速更加可靠和准确,从而能够有效提高对待打磨物件的打磨效果。
实施本发明实施例,具有以下有益效果:
本发明实施例提根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流得到磨轮机构的实际压力,并根据所需打磨压力和实际压力的差值得到压力补偿值,以得到压力补偿值对应的补偿方向与实际补偿转速,并控制补偿机构根据补偿方向和实际补偿转速运行,以改变工件与耗材的接触深度及接触面积,使得对待打磨物件的打磨压力恒定,能够有效避免磨轮机构因打磨压力突变而无法稳定工作的情况,能够有效提高打磨产品的打磨效果。
以上是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,其特征在于,包括:
    设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
    根据所述所需打磨转速和所述所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将所述控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使所述磨轮机构根据所述控制指令运转;
    根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力;
    将所述所需打磨压力与所述实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
    当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
    控制补偿机构根据所述补偿方向以及所述实际补偿转速运行,对所述待打磨物件进行打磨。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,其特征在于,所述设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力,具体为:
    根据所述待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,具体为:
    根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到所述磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据所述磨轮机 构在所述变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为所述磨轮机构的作用半径。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,其特征在于,当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速,具体为:
    若所述压力补偿值为正值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若所述压力补偿值为负值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
    设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述压力补偿值所在区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
    根据需要设定补偿增益,将所述预设补偿转速与所述补偿增益相乘得到所述实际补偿转速。
  6. 一种基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,其特征在于,包括设定模块、指令发送模块、计算模块、比对模块、识别模块和控制模块;
    所述设定模块,用于设定待打磨物件的所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力;
    所述指令发送模块,用于根据所述所需打磨转速和所述所需打磨压力生成控制指令,并将所述控制指令发送至磨轮机构,使所述磨轮机构根据所述控制指令 运转;
    所述计算模块,用于根据磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力;
    所述比对模块,用于将所述所需打磨压力与所述实际压力进行比对,根据比对结果得到压力补偿值;
    所述识别模块,用于当所述压力补偿值超出预设范围时,根据所述压力补偿值的正负值以及所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间,识别得到所述压力补偿值对应的补偿参数,其中,所述补偿参数包括补偿方向和实际补偿转速;
    所述控制模块,用于控制补偿机构根据所述补偿方向以及所述实际补偿转速运行,对所述待打磨物件进行打磨。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,其特征在于,所述设定模块,具体为:
    根据所述待打磨物件的打磨部位设定所需打磨转速和所需打磨压力。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,其特征在于,所述计算模块,具体为:
    根据磨轮机构的电机转矩T计算公式:T=9550*U*I/n,以及压力计算公式:F=T/R,得到所述磨轮机构转速的计算表达式为:n=9550*U*I/T;根据所述磨轮机构在所述变频器V/F控制模式下电压U和转速n恒定,计算所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流I =9550*U/T *n,通过采集所述磨轮变频器的实际输出电流计算所述磨轮机构的实际压力,其中,R为所述磨轮机构的作用半径。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,其特征在于,所述识别模块,具体为:
    若所述压力补偿值为正值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为前进;若所述压力补偿值为负值,则得到所述补偿机构的补偿方向为后退;
    设定不同数值区间的压力补偿值对应的预设补偿转速,根据所述压力补偿值所在的数值区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际补偿转速。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的基于PLC的自动打磨恒压控制系统,其特征在于,所述根据所述压力补偿值所在区间对应的预设补偿转速得到实际转速,具体为:
    根据需要设定补偿增益,将所述预设补偿转速与所述补偿增益相乘得到所述实际补偿转速。
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