WO2021237836A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237836A1
WO2021237836A1 PCT/CN2020/097134 CN2020097134W WO2021237836A1 WO 2021237836 A1 WO2021237836 A1 WO 2021237836A1 CN 2020097134 W CN2020097134 W CN 2020097134W WO 2021237836 A1 WO2021237836 A1 WO 2021237836A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
base
rear shell
diaphragm
basin frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/097134
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹成铭
吴树文
吴立峰
沈凯华
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2021237836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237836A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-producing device applied to portable mobile electronic products.
  • Sounding devices also known as speakers, are widely used in portable mobile electronic products, such as mobile phones, to convert audio signals into sound for playback.
  • the sounding devices have high loudness and amplitude.
  • the related art sounding device includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound
  • the vibration system includes The diaphragm of the basin frame and a voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and inserted in the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the related art sound device does not have a rear cavity structure or the rear cavity is an open structure, when used in portable mobile electronic products such as mobile phones, it will cause the problem of mobile phone shell vibration, resulting in poor user experience; and mobile phone space Due to the limited size, the sound emitting device cannot be designed into a speaker box structure with a back cavity in the prior art to overcome this problem.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sound device with simple structure, good acoustic performance and good user experience.
  • the present invention provides a sound generating device, which includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system that drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the vibration system includes a fixed On the diaphragm of the frame,
  • the sound generating device further includes a base and a rear shell respectively covering opposite sides of the basin frame along the vibration direction of the diaphragm;
  • the rear shell includes a rear shell plate located on the side of the basin frame away from the diaphragm and spaced from the basin frame, and a peripheral edge of the rear shell plate in the direction of the diaphragm along the circumference of the basin frame
  • the extension wall of the rear shell that is bent and extended;
  • the base includes a base plate attached and fixed to the side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm, and a base extending from the outer periphery of the base plate along the periphery of the basin frame in the direction of the rear shell. Wall, the base extension wall abuts and is fixed to the rear shell extension wall;
  • the rear shell extension wall and/or the base extension wall and the basin frame are integrally molded by injection molding, the rear shell, the basin frame, and the magnetic circuit system collectively enclose a rear acoustic cavity, and the magnetic circuit system Is provided with a leaking part communicating with the rear acoustic cavity, the rear shell is provided with a leak hole penetrating therethrough, and the leak hole connects the rear acoustic chamber with the outside; the base is provided with a sound outlet penetrating it, The sound outlet is in communication with the diaphragm.
  • both the base and the rear shell are made of metal materials.
  • the base or the rear shell is at least partially grounded.
  • the sound generating device further includes a conductive member, one end of the conductive member is connected to the base and/or the rear case, and the other end of the conductive member is used for grounding.
  • the conductive member is formed by extending the base and/or the rear shell.
  • the sound generating device further includes a conductive member, the conductive member includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the vibration system with an external electrical signal, and the other electrical pathway Used to connect the base and/or the back shell to the ground.
  • the sound generating device further includes at least two positioning pieces, the two positioning pieces are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the base and/or the rear case, and the positioning pieces are far away from the One end of the base and/or the rear shell is provided with a positioning hole penetrating therethrough.
  • the positioning piece is formed by extending the base and/or the rear shell outward.
  • the rear shell and the base are made of 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the base and the rear shell to the thickness of the basin frame is less than 0.4.
  • the sound generating device further includes a front cover facing the front of the diaphragm, the front cover, the base and the diaphragm collectively enclose a front sound cavity, and the front cover is provided with a front cover along the vibration direction.
  • a sound hole penetrates therethrough, and the sound hole connects the front sound cavity with the outside.
  • the base plate is pressed and fixed to a side of the front cover away from the diaphragm, and the front cover passes through the sound opening and is exposed to the base.
  • the sound generating device further includes a first air-permeable damping member attached to the front cover, and the first air-permeable damping member completely covers the sound hole.
  • the part of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame is provided with a ring-shaped sealing boss protruding toward the front cover, and the front cover is pressed on the sealing boss to form a seal.
  • the sounding device includes a sound conducting shell covering a side of the base away from the rear shell, the sound conducting shell has a sound conducting cavity forming a side sounding structure, and the sound conducting cavity is in communication with the diaphragm .
  • the base and the vibration system also enclose a sound guide cavity forming a side sounding structure, and the sound guide cavity is in communication with the diaphragm.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas permeable isolator located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas permeable isolator is attached to the sound emitting monomer and separates the sound emitting unit from the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas-permeable spacer comprises a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell plate, and is spaced by the periphery of the spacer body.
  • the spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the rear shell plate and the spacer fixing part bent and extended from the end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part and the rear shell extension
  • the walls are arranged at intervals, and the spacer fixing part is fixed to the rear shell plate; the air-permeable spacer and the rear shell plate jointly enclose a powder filling space.
  • a side of the spacer body close to the magnetic circuit system is recessed in a direction away from the magnetic circuit system to form an avoidance step, and the avoidance step is arranged directly opposite to the leakage portion.
  • the base extension wall is designed to abut and be fixed to the rear shell extension wall; the rear shell extension wall and/or the base extension wall and the basin
  • the frame is integrated injection molding, which is simpler in process and more reliable, and makes the rear shell, the basin frame and the magnetic circuit system jointly enclose a rear acoustic cavity, and the leakage hole connects the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the above structure forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which seals the rear acoustic cavity without increasing the size.
  • the shell can be used to absorb vibration, so that the sound-generating device can avoid the occurrence of shell vibration after being applied to the mobile terminal, and the user experience effect is better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of still another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound-generating device shown in FIG. 3 with a gas-permeable isolator
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the middle diaphragm of the sound generating device shown in FIG. 3 with a sealing boss;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
  • the present invention provides a sound generating device 100, which includes a basin frame 1, a vibration system 2, a magnetic circuit system 3, a front cover 4, a rear shell 5, a base 7, and a first ventilating damping member 8.
  • the vibration system 2 and the magnetic circuit system 3 are respectively supported and fixed to the basin frame 1 and jointly enclose a sounding cavity 3a, and the magnetic circuit system 3 drives the vibration system 2 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the vibration system 2 includes a diaphragm 21 fixed to the basin frame 1 and used for vibrating and sounding.
  • the magnetic circuit system 3 includes a groove 31 that is recessed away from the diaphragm 21, a leakage portion 33 penetrating the groove 31, and is attached to the groove 31 and completely
  • the second air-permeable damping member 32 covering the leakage portion 33 is used to balance the air pressure.
  • the magnetic circuit system 3 is rectangular, the groove 31, the leakage portion 33, and the second air-permeable damping member 32 each include four and one-to-one correspondence, and the four grooves 31 are respectively provided At the four right angles of the magnetic circuit system 3.
  • the sound emitting device 100 further includes a front cover 4 facing the diaphragm 21.
  • the front cover 4, the base 7 and the diaphragm 21 jointly enclose a front sound cavity 20, and the front cover 4 is provided with A sound hole 410 penetrates therethrough along the vibration direction, and the sound hole 410 connects the front sound cavity 20 with the outside to form a front sounding structure.
  • the sound holes 410 include multiple and are arranged in an array. This structure effectively improves the vibration performance of the sound emitting device, improves the high-frequency acoustic performance, and suppresses the high-frequency resonance.
  • the first air-permeable damping member 8 is attached to the front cover 4, and the first air-permeable damping member 8 completely covers the sound hole 410.
  • the part (ie, the glued surface) of the diaphragm 21 fixed to the basin frame 1 has a small area and a narrow width, the reliability of sealing is poor. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, in the sound generating device 100, the portion of the diaphragm 21 fixed to the basin frame 1 is provided with a protrusion protruding toward the front cover 4 The ring-shaped sealing boss 211, when assembling, the front cover 4 is pressed on the sealing boss 211 and the sealing boss 211 is compressed to form a seal, and the sealing reliability is better.
  • the base 7 and the rear shell 5 are respectively covered on opposite sides of the basin frame 1 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 21.
  • the base 7 includes a base plate 71 that is attached and fixed to the side of the basin frame 1 close to the diaphragm 21, and the outer periphery of the base plate 71 is bent in the direction of the rear shell 5 along the circumference of the basin frame 1.
  • the base extension wall 72 is folded and extended; the base extension wall 72 and the basin frame 1 are integrally molded by injection molding, and the fixing effect is better.
  • the base plate 71 is provided with a sound opening 710 penetrating it, and the diaphragm 21
  • the sounding port 710 is provided; and the sounding port 710 is in communication with the diaphragm 21; of course, the sounding port 710 can also be provided on the extension wall 72 of the base.
  • the base plate 71 is pressed and fixed to a side of the periphery of the front cover 4 away from the diaphragm 21, and the front cover 4 passes through the sounding opening 710 and is exposed to the base 7.
  • the rear shell 5 is arranged on the side of the basin frame 1 away from the diaphragm 21, and includes a rear shell plate located on the side of the basin frame 1 away from the diaphragm 21 and spaced from the basin frame 1 51 and a rear shell extension wall 52 bent and extended in the direction of the diaphragm 21 from the periphery of the rear shell plate 51 along the circumference of the basin frame.
  • the rear shell plate 51 includes a leakage hole 510 penetrating therethrough
  • the rear housing 5, the basin frame 1 and the magnetic circuit system 3 jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity 10; the leakage hole 510 connects the rear acoustic cavity 10 with the outside, of course, the leakage hole 510 can also be provided in the extension wall 52 of the rear housing superior.
  • the base 7 and the rear shell 5 are made of metal materials. Compared with other materials, the base 7 and the rear shell 5 made of metal materials are thinner and stronger; specifically, The base 7 and the rear shell 5 are both made of 0.15mm thick steel sheet, of course, they can also be made of metal, glass, ceramics and other materials. When the base 7 and the rear shell 5 are made of metal materials, the base 7 or the rear shell 5 is at least partially grounded to obtain a shielding effect.
  • the base extension wall 72 abuts and is fixed to the rear shell extension wall 52; the rear shell extension wall 52 and/or the base extension wall 72 and the basin frame 1 are integrally injection molded.
  • the rear shell extension wall 52 and the base extension wall 72 are integrally injection molded with the basin frame 1 to form a seal.
  • the process is simple, which is beneficial to improving work efficiency and sealing.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the base 7 and the thickness of the rear shell 5 to the thickness of the basin frame 1 is less than 0.4, so as to satisfy the structural strength of the base 7 and the rear shell 5 while increasing the sounding device as little as possible 100 along the dimension perpendicular to the vibration direction; and it also ensures the structural strength of the basin frame 1 while occupying as little space as possible.
  • the rear housing 5, the basin frame 1, and the magnetic circuit system 3 jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity 10, and the leaking portion 33 communicates with the rear acoustic cavity 10, so that the sounding cavity 3a is connected to the inner cavity 3a through the leaking portion 33. It communicates with the rear acoustic cavity 10 to improve low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the leakage hole 510 connects the rear acoustic cavity 10 with the outside, and is used to balance the sound pressure. Sealing the rear acoustic cavity 10 without increasing the size not only has a simple structure and a small increase in overall size, but also makes the acoustic effect of the sound device 100 better.
  • the above-mentioned sound emitting device 100 of the present invention forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is simple in structure. On the one hand, it improves the acoustic performance of the sound emitting device 100, especially the low-frequency acoustic performance, and on the other hand, due to the existence of the rear acoustic cavity 10 structure , So that the sound generating device 100 will not cause the shell vibration phenomenon of the electronic product such as the mobile terminal after being used in the electronic product such as the mobile terminal, which effectively increases the user experience effect of the customer.
  • extension direction of the extension wall 52 of the rear shell is parallel to the vibration direction along the vibration system 3, and this structure facilitates integral molding with the basin frame 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the base 54 and the rear shell 55 are both made of metal materials, and a conductive member 501 is provided.
  • both the base 54 and the rear shell 55 are made of 0.15 mm thick steel sheet stretched.
  • the sound emitting device 500 further includes a conductive member 501, one end of the conductive member 501 is connected to the base 54 and/or the rear case 55, and the other end of the conductive member 501 is used for grounding, thereby forming
  • the shielding effect prevents the sound emitting device 500 from being electromagnetically interfered by the outside world, and has better working reliability.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG.
  • the member 601 is formed by extending the base 64 and/or the rear shell 65 in a direction away from the basin frame, and is located outside the base 64 and the rear shell 65.
  • FIGS. 7-8 are a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 lies in that the structure and function of the conductive member 701 in the sound emitting device 700 are different.
  • the conductive member 701 includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the vibration system to an external electrical signal, and the other electrical pathway is used to connect the base 74 and/or the The back shell 75 and the ground are described.
  • the conductive member 701 includes a first arm 7011 sandwiched between the base extension wall 743 and the rear housing extension wall 752 in the gap 7520.
  • the second arm 7012 at opposite ends extending in the direction of the basin frame 71, the third arm 7013 extending from the first arm 7011 in the direction away from the basin frame 71, and the third arm 7013 extending away from the first arm 7011 in the direction away from the basin frame 71
  • the fourth arm 7014 extends in the direction of the basin frame 71.
  • the third arm 7013 is formed by extending the first arm 7011 perpendicular to the direction of vibration
  • the fourth arm 7014 is formed by bending and extending the first arm 7011 in the direction of vibration.
  • the first arm 7011 is electrically connected to the base extension wall 743 and/or the rear housing extension wall 752; the second arm 7012 is fixed to the basin frame 71 and is electrically connected to the vibration system; The third arm 7013 is used for connecting external electrical signals; the fourth arm 7014 is used for grounding.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of Fig. 3. The main difference is that the sound emitting device is formed from the front side sounding structure to the side sounding structure.
  • the sound-emitting device 800 includes a sound-guiding shell 801 covering the base 84 on a side away from the rear shell 85, the sound-guiding shell 801 has a sound-guiding cavity 820 forming a side sound-emitting structure 830, and the guiding The acoustic cavity 820 is in communication with the diaphragm 821.
  • the side sound structure 830 can better guide the sound, which is convenient for use when the front sound is blocked, and the use flexibility is higher.
  • the sound conducting shell 801 includes a sound conducting shell plate 8011 spaced apart and opposed to the base plate 841, and the sound conducting shell plate 8011 is bent and extended toward the base extension wall 842 and supported and fixed to the base plate 841.
  • the sound conducting shell on the periphery of the base plate 841 extends the wall 8012 to form a side sounding structure, which is convenient for flexible use of different installation positions. At this time, it is understood that the sound conducting shell 801 is a component of the sound emitting device 800.
  • the sound conducting shell 801 When the sound conducting shell 801 is understood as a part of the base 84, it is also feasible, that is, the sound conducting shell 801 can be a part of the base 84. At this time, the base 84 and the vibration system 86 are also enclosed A sound guide cavity 820 of the side sound emitting structure 830 is formed, and the sound guide cavity 820 is in communication with the diaphragm 821.
  • the sound emitting device 900 further includes a gas-permeable isolator 907 located in the rear acoustic cavity 9010, and the gas-permeable isolator 907 is attached to the sound monomer 908 and the sound monomer 908 Separate from the rear acoustic cavity 9010.
  • the air-permeable spacer 907 includes a spacer body 9071 arranged opposite to the rear shell plate 9011, and a spacer extending from the periphery of the spacer body 9071 to the direction of the rear shell plate 9011.
  • the structure in which the spacer extension 9072 and the rear shell extension wall 9012 are spaced apart can effectively increase the smoothness of ventilation of the rear acoustic cavity 9010 and improve the stability of low-frequency sound performance.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10.
  • the side of the isolator body 9071a close to the magnetic circuit system 902a is recessed in a direction away from the magnetic circuit system 902a to form an avoiding step 9074a, and the avoiding step 9074a is in line with the leakage portion 9024a. Pair set.
  • This structural arrangement can make the leakage of the sounding cavity 9104a smoother, thereby improving the sounding performance.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the sound generating device 1000a also has at least two positioning pieces 8a which are respectively connected to the rear shell 1001a and/or the base 1002a.
  • One end of the positioning piece 8a away from the rear shell 1001a and/or the base 1002a is provided with a positioning hole 81a penetrating through it, which is used to fix and position the sound emitting device 1000a with the application terminal, such as a threaded hole. It can be fixed to the whole terminal machine through the positioning hole 81a, which is simple and convenient, and the positioning sheet 8a is provided with at least two positioning sheets 8a to form a positioning fixation more effectively.
  • the two positioning pieces 8a are connected to the opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the rear shell 1001a and/or the base 1002a, and the symmetrical arrangement makes the sound device 1000a and the whole terminal have a better positioning and fixing effect. excellent.
  • the positioning piece 8a is fixed to the rear housing 1001a and/or the base 1002a by welding, that is, the positioning piece 8a and the rear housing 1001a and/or the base 1002a are a separate structure of two devices.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
  • the positioning piece 1118a is formed by the rear shell 1111a and/or the base 1112a extending outward, that is, the positioning piece 1118a and the rear
  • the shell 1111a and/or the base 1112a is an integrally formed structure, which is simple to form, reduces the number of components, and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the base extension wall is designed to abut and be fixed to the rear shell extension wall; the rear shell extension wall and/or the base extension wall and the basin
  • the frame is integrated injection molding, which is simpler in process and more reliable, and makes the rear shell, the basin frame and the magnetic circuit system jointly enclose a rear acoustic cavity, and the leakage hole connects the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the above structure forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which seals the rear acoustic cavity without increasing the size.
  • the shell can be used to absorb vibration, so that the sound-generating device can avoid the occurrence of shell vibration after being applied to the mobile terminal, and the user experience effect is better.

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括盆架、分别支撑固定于盆架的振动系统和驱动振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，振动系统包括固定于盆架的振膜，发声器件还包括后壳及底座；后壳包括位于盆架远离振膜一侧且与盆架间隔的后壳板以及由后壳板的周缘沿盆架周侧向振膜方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，底座包括底座板及由所述底座板弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，底座延伸壁抵接固定于后壳延伸壁，底座延伸壁和/或后壳延伸壁与盆架一体成型，后壳、盆架及磁路系统共同围成后声腔，后壳设有泄漏孔，泄漏孔将后声腔与外界连通；底座设有发声口，发声口与振膜连通。与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件结构简单、声学性能优、用户体验效果好。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种运用于便携式移动电子产品的发声器件。
 背景技术
发声器件又名扬声器，广泛运用于便携式移动电子产品中，比如手机，实现将音频信号转化为声音播放，发声器件响度大，振幅度。
相关技术的发声器件包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述磁路系统驱动所述振动系统振动发声，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜以及固定于所述振膜并插设于所述磁间隙以驱动所述振膜振动发声的音圈。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的发声器件因不具有后腔结构或后腔为开放式结构，其运用在手机等便携式移动电子产品中时会引起手机壳振的问题，造成用户体验效果不好；而手机空间尺寸有限，发声器件不能设计成现有技术中的带后腔的扬声器箱结构以克服该问题。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单、声学性能好、用户体验效果好的发声器件。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，
所述发声器件还包括沿所述振膜的振动方向分别盖设于所述盆架相对两侧的底座和后壳；
所述后壳包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述盆架间隔的后壳板以及由所述后壳板的周缘沿所述盆架周侧向所述振膜方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁；
所述底座包括贴合固定于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的底座板以及由所述底座板的外周缘沿所述盆架周侧向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，所述底座延伸壁抵接固定于所述后壳延伸壁；
所述后壳延伸壁和/或所述底座延伸壁与所述盆架为一体注塑成型，所述后壳、所述盆架及所述磁路系统共同围成后声腔，所述磁路系统设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通；所述底座设有贯穿其上的发声口，所述发声口与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述底座和所述后壳均为金属材料制成。
优选的，所述底座或所述后壳至少部分接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述底座和/或所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
优选的，所述导电件由所述底座和/或所述后壳延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述振动系统与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述底座和/或所述后壳与地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，两个所述定位片连接于所述底座和/或所述后壳的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述底座和/或所述后壳的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
优选的，所述定位片由所述底座和/或所述后壳向外延伸形成。
优选的，所述后壳和所述底座用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
优选的，所述底座和所述后壳的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括正对所述振膜前的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的声孔，所述声孔将所述前声腔与所述外界连接。
优选的，所述底座板压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声口并外露于所述底座。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的第一透气阻尼件，所述第一透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述声孔。
优选的，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述前盖方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述前盖压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
优选的，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述底座远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述底座与所述振动系统还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳板；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳板共同围成灌粉空间。
优选的，所述隔离件本体靠近所述磁路系统的一侧向远离所述磁路系统方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计所述底座延伸壁抵接固定于所述后壳延伸壁；所述后壳延伸壁和/或所述底座延伸壁与所述盆架为一体注塑成型，工艺上更加简单且可靠性更好，并使得所述后壳、所述盆架及所述磁路系统共同围成后声腔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，在不增加尺寸的情况下密封后声腔，不仅结构简单、整体尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得后壳可用于吸振，使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型发声器件的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型发声器件的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图4为本实用新型发声器件的另一方向的部分立体结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型发声器件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图6为图5的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型发声器件的再一实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图8为图7的部分立体结构分解图；
图9为图3的另一种实施方式的剖示图；
图10为图3的所示发声器件增加透气隔离件的结构示意图；
图11为图10所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图；
图12为图3所示发声器件的中振膜设置密封凸台的结构示意图；
图13为图1所示发声器件增加定位片的实施方式结构示意图；
图14为图13所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-4，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件100，其包括盆架1、振动系统2、磁路系统3、前盖4、后壳5、底座7，第一透气阻尼件8。
所述振动系统2和所述磁路系统3分别支撑固定于所述盆架1并共同围成发声内腔3a，所述磁路系统3驱动所述振动系统2振动发声。
所述振动系统2包括固定于所述盆架1且用于振动发声的振膜21。
本实施例中，所述磁路系统3包括由其远离所述振膜21一侧凹陷形成凹槽31、贯穿所述凹槽31的泄露部33以及贴设于所述凹槽31内并完全覆盖所述泄露部33的第二透气阻尼件32，此结构用以平衡气压。
具体的，所述磁路系统3呈矩形，所述凹槽31、所述泄露部33和所述第二透气阻尼件32均包括四个且一一对应，四个所述凹槽31分别设置于所述磁路系统3的四个直角处。
本实施例中，所述发声器件100还包括正对振膜21的前盖4，所述前盖4、所述底座7以及所述振膜21共同围成前声腔20，前盖4设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的声孔410，所述声孔410将所述前声腔20与外界连接，以形成正面发声结构。
具体的，所述声孔410包括多个且呈阵列排布，该结构有效提高了发声器件的振动性能，改善高频声学性能，抑制高频谐振。本实施例中，第一透气阻尼件8贴设于所述前盖4，所述第一透气阻尼件8完全覆盖所述声孔410。
因振膜21固定于盆架1的部分（即胶合面）的面积较小，宽度较窄，其实现密封时的可靠性差。因此，本实施方式中，请结合图12所示，在所述发声器件100中，所述振膜21固定于所述盆架1的部分设有向靠近所述前盖4方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台211，装配时，所述前盖4压设于所述密封凸台211并通过压缩所述密封凸台211形成密封，密封可靠性更优。
请继续参阅图1-4，底座7和后壳5沿所述振膜21的振动方向分别盖设于所述盆架1相对两侧。
底座7包括贴合固定于所述盆架1靠近所述振膜21一侧的底座板71以及由所述底座板71的外周缘沿所述盆架1周侧向所述后壳5方向弯折延伸的底座延伸壁72；所述底座延伸壁72与所述盆架1一体注塑成型，固定效果更好，所述底座板71设有贯穿其上的发声口710，所述振膜21正对所述发声口710设置；且发声口710与振膜21连通；当然发声口710还可以设置在底座延伸壁72上。所述底座板71压设固定于所述前盖4的周缘远离所述振膜21的一侧，所述前盖4穿过所述发声口710并外露于所述底座7。
所述后壳5盖设于所述盆架1远离所述振膜21一侧，其包括位于所述盆架1远离所述振膜21一侧且与所述盆架1间隔的后壳板51以及由所述后壳板51的周缘沿所述盆架1周侧向所述振膜21方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁52，所述后壳板51包括贯穿其上的泄漏孔510，所述后壳5、所述盆架1及所述磁路系统3共同围成后声腔10；泄漏孔510将后声腔10与外界连通，当然泄漏孔510还可以设置在后壳延伸壁52上。
所述底座7和所述后壳5由金属材料制成，相较于其他材料制成，由金属材料制得的所述底座7和所述后壳5更薄强度更大；具体的，所述底座7和所述后壳5均用0.15mm厚的钢片制成，当然也可为金属、玻璃、陶瓷等材料制成。当所述底座7和所述后壳5由金属材料制成时，所述底座7或所述后壳5至少部分接地以获得屏蔽作用。
所述底座延伸壁72抵接固定于所述后壳延伸壁52；所述后壳延伸壁52和/或所述底座延伸壁72与所述盆架1为一体注塑成型。本实施例中，所述后壳延伸壁52、所述底座延伸壁72均与所述盆架1一体注塑成型以形成密封，工艺简单，有利于提高工作效率及密封性。所述底座7的厚度和所述后壳5的厚度与所述盆架1的厚度比值小于0.4，从而在满足底座7和所述后壳5的结构强度的同时，尽可能小的增加发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的尺寸；而且也使得盆架1的结构强度得到保障的同时尽可能少的占用空间体积。
所述后壳5、所述盆架1及所述磁路系统3共同围成后声腔10，泄露部33与所述后声腔10连通，从而通过所述泄露部33将所述发声内腔3a与所述后声腔10连通，用以改善低频声学性能。所述泄漏孔510将所述后声腔10与外界连通，用于平衡声压。在不增加尺寸的情况下密封后声腔10，不仅结构简单、整体尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件100的声学效果更优。至此，本实用新型的上述发声器件100则形成了封闭的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件100的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔10结构的存在，使得所述发声器件100运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。
具体的，所述后壳延伸壁52的延伸方向平行于沿所述振动系统3的振动方向，此结构利于与所述盆架1一体成型。
请结合图5所示，为本实用新型发声器件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图。该实施方式中主要的区别点在于，在发声器件500中，所述底座54和所述后壳55均为金属材料制成，并设置导电件501。比如，所述底座54和所述后壳55均用0.15mm厚的钢片拉伸制成。
具体的，所述发声器件500还包括导电件501，所述导电件501的一端连接于所述底座54和/或所述后壳55，所述导电件501的另一端用于接地，从而形成屏蔽作用，使得发声器件500避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
请结合图6，为图5的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图，即所述导电件601与底座64和/或后壳65为一体结构，比如，在发声器件600中，所述导电件601由所述底座64和/或所述后壳65向远离所述盆架的方向延伸形成，位于底座64和后壳65的外侧。
请结合图7-8所示，为本实用新型发声器件的再一实施方式的立体结构示意图。该实施方式与图5所示的实施方式区别在于，在发声器件700中，导电件701的结构和功能不同。所述导电件701包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述振动系统与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述底座74和/或所述后壳75与地。
具体的，在发声器件700中，所述导电件701包括夹设于所述底座延伸壁743与所述后壳延伸壁752之间间隙7520的第一臂7011、由所述第一臂7011的相对两端向所述盆架71方向延伸的第二臂7012、由所述第一臂7011向远离所述盆架71方向延伸的第三臂7013以及由所述第一臂7011向远离所述盆架71方向延伸的第四臂7014。
本实施例中，所述第三臂7013由所述第一臂7011向垂直于所述振动方向延伸形成，所述第四臂7014由所述第一臂7011向所述振动方向弯折延伸形成。
所述第一臂7011与所述底座延伸壁743和/或所述后壳延伸壁752电连接；所述第二臂7012固定于所述盆架71并与所述振动系统电连接；所述第三臂7013用于连接外部电信号；所述第四臂7014用于接地。
图9为图3的另一种实施方式的剖示图。其主要区别在于将发声器件由正面发声形成侧面发声结构。
具体的，所述发声器件800包括盖设于所述底座84远离所述后壳85一侧的导声壳801，所述导声壳801具有形成侧发声结构830的导声腔820，所述导声腔820与所述振膜821连通。该侧发声结构830可更好的引导发声，便于正面发声被挡的情况下使用，使用灵活性更高。具体的，所述导声壳801包括与所述底座板841间隔相对的导声壳板8011以及由所述导声壳板8011的周缘向所述底座延伸壁842弯折延伸并支撑固定于所述底座板841周缘的导声壳延伸壁8012，从而形成侧发声结构，便于安装位置不同的灵活运用。此时，理解为导声壳801为发声器件800的一个器件。
当将导声壳801理解为底座84的一部分，这也是可行的，即所述导声壳801可以是底座84的一部分，此时，则为所述底座84与所述振动系统86还围成形成侧发声结构830的导声腔820，所述导声腔820与所述振膜821连通。
请结合图10所示，所述发声器件900还包括位于所述后声腔9010内的透气隔离件907，所述透气隔离件907贴设于所述发声单体908并将所述发声单体908从所述后声腔9010内分隔。具体的，所述透气隔离件907包括与所述后壳板9011间隔相对设置的隔离件本体9071、由所述隔离件本体9071的周缘向所述后壳板9011方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部9072以及由所述隔离件延伸部9072远离所述隔离件本体9071的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部9073；所述隔离件延伸部9072与所述后壳延伸壁9012间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部9073固定于所述后壳板9011；所述透气隔离件907与所述后壳板9011共同围成灌粉空间901。其中，所述隔离件延伸部9072与所述后壳延伸壁9012间隔设置的结构可有效增加后声腔9010的通气顺畅性，提高低频发声性能的稳定性。
请结合图11所示，为图10所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件900a中，所述隔离件本体9071a靠近所述磁路系统902a的一侧向远离所述磁路系统902a方向凹陷形成避让台阶9074a，所述避让台阶9074a与所述泄露部9024a正对设置。该结构设置可使发声内腔9104a的泄露更顺畅，从而改善发声性能。
请结合图13所示，为图1所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件1000a还至少两个定位片8a并分别与后壳1001a和/或底座1002a连接。所述定位片8a远离所述后壳1001a和/或底座1002a的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔81a，用于将发声器件1000a与运用终端整机固定定位，比如为螺纹孔，使用螺钉则可通过所述定位孔81a固定在终端整机，简单方便，而定位片8a设置至少两个可更有效的形成定位固定。为了进一步提高固定稳定性，两个所述定位片8a连接于所述后壳1001a和/或底座1002a的相对两侧或两对角处，对称设置使发声器件1000a与终端整机定位固定效果更优。本实施方式中，定位片8a通过焊接固定于后壳1001a和/或底座1002a，即定位片8a与后壳1001a和/或底座1002a为两个器件的分体结构。
请结合图14所示，为图13所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。其与图13所示实施方式的区别在于，本实施方式中的发声器件1100a中，所述定位片1118a中由所述后壳1111a和/或底座1112a向外延伸形成，即定位片1118a与后壳1111a和/或底座1112a为一体成型结构，成型简单，减少器件数量，提高装配效率。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计所述底座延伸壁抵接固定于所述后壳延伸壁；所述后壳延伸壁和/或所述底座延伸壁与所述盆架为一体注塑成型，工艺上更加简单且可靠性更好，并使得所述后壳、所述盆架及所述磁路系统共同围成后声腔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，在不增加尺寸的情况下密封后声腔，不仅结构简单、整体尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得后壳可用于吸振，使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，其特征在于，
    所述发声器件还包括沿所述振膜的振动方向分别盖设于所述盆架相对两侧的底座和后壳；
    所述后壳包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述盆架间隔的后壳板以及由所述后壳板的周缘沿所述盆架周侧向所述振膜方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁；
    所述底座包括贴合固定于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的底座板以及由所述底座板的外周缘沿所述盆架周侧向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，所述底座延伸壁抵接固定于所述后壳延伸壁；
    所述后壳延伸壁和/或所述底座延伸壁与所述盆架为一体注塑成型，所述后壳、所述盆架及所述磁路系统共同围成后声腔，所述磁路系统设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通；所述底座设有贯穿其上的发声口，所述发声口与所述振膜连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座和所述后壳均为金属材料制成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座或所述后壳至少部分接地。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述底座和/或所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导电件由所述底座和/或所述后壳延伸形成。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述振动系统与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述底座和/或所述后壳与地。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，两个所述定位片连接于所述底座和/或所述后壳的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述底座和/或所述后壳的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位片由所述底座和/或所述后壳向外延伸形成。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳和所述底座用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座和所述后壳的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括正对所述振膜前的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的声孔，所述声孔将所述前声腔与所述外界连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座板压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声口并外露于所述底座。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的第一透气阻尼件，所述第一透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述声孔。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述前盖方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述前盖压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述底座远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座与所述振动系统还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳板；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳板共同围成灌粉空间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述隔离件本体靠近所述磁路系统的一侧向远离所述磁路系统方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
PCT/CN2020/097134 2020-05-29 2020-06-19 发声器件 WO2021237836A1 (zh)

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