WO2021237834A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237834A1
WO2021237834A1 PCT/CN2020/097132 CN2020097132W WO2021237834A1 WO 2021237834 A1 WO2021237834 A1 WO 2021237834A1 CN 2020097132 W CN2020097132 W CN 2020097132W WO 2021237834 A1 WO2021237834 A1 WO 2021237834A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
base
rear shell
extension wall
sounding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/097132
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹成铭
吴树文
吴立峰
沈凯华
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2021237834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237834A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-producing device applied to portable mobile electronic products.
  • Sounding devices also known as speakers, are widely used in portable mobile electronic products, such as mobile phones, to convert audio signals into sound for playback.
  • the sounding devices have high loudness and amplitude.
  • the related art sounding device includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound
  • the vibration system includes The diaphragm of the basin frame and a voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and inserted in the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sound device with simple structure, good acoustic performance and good user experience.
  • the present invention provides a sounding device, which includes a sounding monomer; the sounding monomer is provided with positioning bosses; the sounding device also includes fixed support on opposite sides of the positioning bosses, respectively Base and back shell;
  • the base includes a base plate covered and fixed to the sound emitting unit, and a base extension wall bent and extended from the base plate to the rear shell along the peripheral side of the sound emitting unit, and the base extension wall is fixed to The positioning boss;
  • the rear shell includes a rear shell plate spaced from the sounding unit and a rear shell extension wall bent and extended from the rear shell plate to the base along the peripheral side of the sounding unit, and the rear shell extension wall Fixed to the positioning boss, the rear shell and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose a rear sound cavity, the sound emitting monomer is provided with a leaking part communicating with the rear sound cavity, and the rear shell is provided with a through hole The leak hole communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the extension wall of the rear shell and the extension wall of the base are attached to and fixed to the sounding monomer so that both the extension wall of the rear shell and the extension wall of the base and the sounding monomer form a seal. .
  • the base extension wall and the rear shell extension wall are both spaced apart from the sound emitting unit, and the base extension wall and the rear shell extension wall are spaced apart and between adjacent positioning bosses A glue containing space is formed, and glue is filled in the glue containing space to form a seal between the extended wall of the base and the extended wall of the rear shell.
  • the positioning boss has a ring shape, and the base extension wall and the rear housing extension wall are respectively fixedly supported on opposite sides of the positioning boss and form a seal with the positioning boss.
  • the extension wall of the base and the extension wall of the rear shell are both fixed to the positioning boss by welding or glueing to form a seal.
  • the sound-emitting unit includes a basin frame, and the positioning boss is formed by protruding and extending the basin frame in a direction away from the sound-emitting unit; the base plate is fixed to the basin frame, and the base The extension wall and the rear shell extension wall are arranged around the circumference of the basin frame.
  • the sound-emitting unit includes a vibration system supported and fixed to the basin frame, and the positioning boss protrudes and extends in a direction away from the sound-emitting unit along a vibration direction perpendicular to the vibration system.
  • the base extension wall and the rear shell extension wall are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the positioning boss along the vibration direction of the vibration system.
  • the vocal unit includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system that drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the positioning boss is moved away from the magnetic circuit system by the magnetic circuit system.
  • the direction of the sound emitting unit is formed by protruding and extending; the base plate is fixed to the basin frame, and the base extension wall and the rear shell extension wall are arranged around the circumference of the basin frame.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke fixed to the basin frame and a magnetic steel unit fixedly supported on the magnetic yoke, and the positioning boss is away from the sound emitting unit from the periphery of the magnetic yoke.
  • the direction of the convex extension is formed.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke fixed to the basin frame, a magnetic steel unit fixed and supported on the magnetic yoke, and a magnetic steel unit fixed to the basin frame and covered on the magnetic steel unit away from the magnetic unit.
  • the upper clamping plate at one end of the yoke, the positioning boss is formed by protruding and extending the upper clamping plate in a direction away from the sound emitting unit.
  • both the base and the rear shell are made of metal materials.
  • the base or the rear shell is at least partially used for grounding.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a conductive member, the conductive member includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the sounding monomer with an external electrical signal, and the other of the electrical pathways
  • the road is used to ground the base or the rear shell.
  • the positioning piece is formed by extending the base or the rear shell away from the sound emitting monomer.
  • the sound guide shell includes a sound guide shell plate spaced and opposed to the base plate, and a sound guide plate bent and extended from the periphery of the sound guide shell plate toward the base and supported and fixed to the periphery of the base plate
  • a shell extension wall, the sound-conducting shell extension wall is provided with a side sound hole penetrating the sound-conducting shell extension wall.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas-permeable spacer comprises a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell plate, and is spaced by the periphery of the spacer body.
  • the spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the rear shell plate and the spacer fixing part bent and extended from the end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part and the rear shell extension
  • the walls are arranged at intervals, and the spacer fixing part is fixed to the rear shell; the air-permeable spacer and the rear shell jointly enclose a powder filling space.
  • a side of the isolator body close to the sounding unit is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit to form an avoiding step, and the avoiding step is arranged directly opposite to the leakage portion.
  • both the base and the rear shell are made of 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the sound emitting unit further includes a basin frame, the base and the rear shell are respectively covered and fixed on opposite sides of the basin frame, and the extension wall of the rear shell surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame;
  • the thickness of the extension wall of the rear shell is smaller than the thickness of the basin frame;
  • the extension wall of the rear shell is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame, and the spacing is less than 3 times the thickness of the extension wall of the rear shell.
  • the sound-emitting unit includes a diaphragm fixed to the basin frame for vibrating and sounding, and the orthographic projection of the sound-emitting unit to the rear shell and the direction of the rear shell along the vibration direction of the diaphragm
  • the area ratio of the projection plane is at least 4/5.
  • the acoustic cavity structure allows the base and the rear shell to be used for vibration absorption, so that the sound emitting device is used in a mobile terminal to avoid the occurrence of shell vibration, making the user experience better; in addition, the base and the rear shell are respectively fixed and supported on the sound emitting monomer Locate the opposite sides of the boss to realize the limit of the sounding unit in the vibration direction, improve the reliability of the fixing between the base and the rear shell and the sounding unit, and effectively avoid the sounding unit from falling when the sounding device is dropped. fall.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a derived embodiment of the first embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the positioning boss of the sound device of the present invention set on the yoke;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a derivative embodiment in which the positioning boss of the sound generating device of the present invention is arranged in the magnetic circuit system;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fourth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sounding monomer and the conductive member of the fourth embodiment of the sounding device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment derived from the sixth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seventh embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device 100, which includes a sound emitting unit 1, a base 2 and a rear shell 3.
  • the vocal unit 1 includes a basin frame 11, a vibration system 12, and a magnetic circuit system 13.
  • the vocal unit 1 is provided with a leak 1310; the vibration system 12 and the magnetic circuit system 13 are respectively supported and fixed on the basin frame 11 and jointly enclose a sound cavity 103.
  • the magnetic circuit system 13 drives the vibration system 12 to vibrate and produce sound, and the sounding cavity 103 leaks outward through the leakage part 1310.
  • the magnetic circuit system 13 includes a magnetic yoke 131 fixed on the side of the basin frame 11 away from the diaphragm 121, a magnetic steel unit 132 fixedly supported on the magnetic yoke 131 and forming a magnetic gap 130, and a magnetic steel unit 132 fixed to the basin frame 11 and covered by the magnetic steel unit 132 is away from the upper clamping plate 133 at one end of the yoke 131, the voice coil 122 is inserted in the magnetic gap 130 to drive the diaphragm 121 to vibrate and produce sound, and the leakage portion 1310 is provided through the yoke 131.
  • the specific arrangement of the number and position of the leakage portion 1310 is not limited, and it can be specifically set according to the actual situation.
  • the leakage portion 1310 includes four, four leakage portions 1310 They are respectively provided at the four corners of the yoke 131.
  • the diaphragm 121 includes a vibration portion 1211 connected to the voice coil 122, a folding ring portion 1212 extending from the outer periphery of the vibration portion 1211 in a direction away from the vibration portion 1211, and a folding ring portion 1212 away from the vibration portion 1211.
  • the fixing portion 1213 extends by side bending, and the fixing portion 1213 is fixed to the basin frame 11.
  • the sound unit 1 is provided with a positioning boss 110, and the base 2 and the rear shell 3 are respectively fixedly supported on opposite sides of the positioning boss 110.
  • the positioning boss 110 is formed by the basin frame 11 extending along the vibration direction of the vertical vibration system 12 in a direction away from the sound emitting unit 1, and the base 2 and the rear shell 3 are respectively fixedly supported on the vibration direction of the vibration system 12 Locate opposite sides of the boss 110.
  • the rear shell 3 includes a rear shell plate 31 spaced from the sounding cell 1 and a rear shell extension wall 32 bent and extended from the rear shell plate 31 to the base extension wall 22 along the circumference of the sounding cell 1.
  • the rear shell plate 31 is in the direction of vibration There is a leakage hole 33 penetrating it; more specifically, the rear shell plate 31 is located on the side of the basin frame 11 away from the diaphragm 121 and spaced from the basin frame 11, and the rear shell extension wall 32 is arranged around the circumference of the basin frame 11 and is fixedly supported On the side of the positioning boss 110 away from the diaphragm 121.
  • the extension direction of the extension wall 32 of the rear housing is parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121
  • the extension direction of the extension wall 22 of the base is parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121.
  • the sealing method between the base extension wall 22 and the rear housing extension wall 32 is not limited, and it can be specifically selected according to actual needs.
  • the rear housing extension wall 32 The base extension wall 22 is arranged directly opposite to the base extension wall 22, and the base extension wall 22 and the rear shell extension wall 32 can be fixed by welding or glue to form a seal.
  • the rear shell 3 and the sounding monomer 1 jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity 102, the leaking portion 1310 connects the sounding cavity 103 with the rear acoustic cavity 102 to improve the low-frequency acoustic performance, and the rear shell 31 is provided along the vibration direction
  • the leakage hole 33 penetrates therethrough, and the leakage hole 33 communicates the rear acoustic cavity 102 with the outside.
  • the sound-emitting unit 1 further includes a first breathable damping member 1311 fixed to the yoke 131 and completely covering the leakage portion 1310.
  • the structural form of the positioning boss 110 is not limited.
  • the positioning boss 110 includes a plurality of spaced apart from each other, and the base extension wall 22 and the rear housing extension wall 32 are respectively fixed Supported by a plurality of positioning bosses 110, and the base extension wall 22 and the rear shell extension wall 32 are spaced apart from the basin frame 11 of the sounding unit 1.
  • the base extension wall 22 and the rear shell extension wall 32 are along the diaphragm 121
  • the vibrating direction is spaced apart and the glue containing space 10 is formed between adjacent positioning bosses 110. Therefore, the glue containing space 10 needs to be filled with glue to form a seal between the base extension wall 22 and the rear shell extension wall 32.
  • the positioning boss 110a is annular, and the base extension wall 22a and the rear housing extension wall 32a are respectively fixedly supported on opposite sides of the positioning boss 110a And to form a seal with the positioning boss 110a, further, the base extension wall 22a and the rear shell extension wall 32a are fixed to the positioning boss 110a by welding or glueing to form a seal. At this time, the rear acoustic cavity is formed by the rear shell.
  • the specific position setting of the positioning boss is not limited to this. In other embodiments, it is also feasible to form the positioning boss by the protruding extension of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the yoke 131b of the magnetic circuit system 13b protrudes to form a positioning boss 1310b, the base 2b and the rear housing 3b are respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the positioning boss 1310b; of course, please refer to Figure 7, when the positioning boss is set
  • the positioning boss 1330c can also be formed by the upper clamping plate 133c of the magnetic circuit system 13c protruding and extending away from the sounding unit 1c.
  • the specific position of the positioning boss can be specifically selected according to the actual design needs. .
  • the base 2 and the back shell 3 can be made of one of metal, ceramic and glass materials.
  • the base 2 and the back shell 3 are made of metal materials.
  • the metal material includes but is not limited to steel, iron, copper, etc.
  • the base 2 and the rear shell 3 together form a metal cover, and the base 2 or the rear shell 3 is at least partially grounded, thereby forming a shielding effect to reduce external
  • the influence of the electromagnetic field on the vibration and sound generation of the vocal unit 1 effectively improves the reliability of the vibration and sound generation of the vocal unit 1 and effectively improves the sound generation performance.
  • the thickness of the base 2 and the thickness of the rear shell 3 are both smaller than the thickness of the basin frame 11. Specifically, the thickness of the base extension wall 22 and the thickness of the rear shell extension wall 32 are smaller than the thickness of the basin frame 11. As a result, the base 2 and the rear shell 3 satisfy the structural strength while occupying a smaller volume along the vibration direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 121, which is more conducive to use in a terminal with a small lateral installation space.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is provided with an interval from at least one side of the basin frame 11, and the interval is less than 3 times the thickness of the rear shell extension wall 32. This interval reserves a certain assembly gap for the assembly of the sounding unit 1, so that the sounding unit 1 can be assembled into the base 2 more quickly, improving assembly efficiency, and at the same time, it will not occupy more of the sounding device 100 in the direction of vibration Horizontal space occupied.
  • the area ratio of the orthographic projection of the sounding unit 1 to the rear housing 3 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121 to the projection plane of the rear housing 3 is at least 4/5.
  • This structure can make the size of the sound generating device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction as small as possible, which satisfies the requirements of forming the acoustic cavity 102 to achieve vibration absorption and improve low-frequency acoustic performance, and it is more convenient to install in products with small lateral dimensions in the assembly space.
  • both the base 2 and the rear shell 3 have wall-thickness structures.
  • the base 2 and the rear shell 3 are made of 0.15mm thick steel sheet through a stretch forming process, so that the base The wall thickness of 2 and the wall thickness of the rear shell 3 are both 0.15mm.
  • the distance between the base extension wall 22 and the basin frame 11 is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
  • the distance between the rear shell extension wall 32 and the basin frame 11 is also less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
  • the thickness of the positioning boss 110 along the vertical vibration direction is less than or equal to 0.20 mm.
  • the distance between the base extension wall 22 and the basin frame 11 and the distance between the rear shell extension wall 32 and the basin frame 11 are both set to 0.05 mm, and the thickness of the positioning boss 110 along the vertical vibration direction is set to 0.20 mm.
  • the front cover 14 includes a sound outlet plate 141 arranged at intervals from the diaphragm 121, a connecting wall 142 bent and extended from the sound outlet plate 141 to the diaphragm 121 along the vibration direction, and a side of the connecting wall 142 close to the diaphragm 121
  • the front cover plate 143 is bent and extended along the vertical vibration direction.
  • the sound output plate 141 is located outside the base plate 21.
  • the connecting wall 142 penetrates through the through hole 23.
  • the front cover plate 143 is clamped and fixed between the diaphragm 121 and the base plate 21.
  • the sound outlet 140 penetrates the sound outlet plate 141 and is provided.
  • the number of sound holes 140 and the setting of their positions are not limited, they can be one or more, and the specific number and position of the setting can be determined according to the actual conditions of use, for example, in In this embodiment, the sound outlet 140 includes four, and the four sound outlets 140 are arranged in an array.
  • the sound generating device 100 includes a second breathable damping member 15 attached to the front cover 14. More specifically, the second breathable damping member 15 is disposed on the front cover 14. The plate 141 completely covers the sound hole 140. The sound cavity 101 communicates with the outside through the sound hole 140 and the second air-permeable damping member 15 in turn. The arrangement of the second air-permeable damping member 15 is used to prevent dust and foreign objects from entering The output cavity 101 affects the sound production effect, which makes the sound production more reliable. On the other hand, the damping of the second breathable damping member 15 can be adjusted to adjust the mid-frequency and high-frequency performance of the sound production device 100.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100d of the second embodiment is basically the same as the sound emitting device of the first embodiment, and the same parts will not be repeated one by one.
  • the main differences of the sound emitting device 100d of the second embodiment are:
  • both the base 2d and the rear shell 3d are made of metal materials, and the conductive member 4d is provided.
  • both the base 2d and the rear shell 3d are made of 0.15mm thick steel sheet stretched.
  • the sound emitting device 100d further includes a conductive member 4d.
  • One end of the conductive member 4d is connected to the base 2d or the rear shell 3d, and the other end of the conductive member 4d is used for grounding, thereby forming a shielding effect, so that the sounding monomer 1d is protected from external electromagnetic waves. Interference, better working reliability.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the sound emitting device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100e of this third embodiment is essentially another derivative embodiment of the second embodiment of FIG. The same parts will not be repeated one by one, but the main difference of the sound emitting device 100e in the third embodiment is:
  • the conductive member 4e and the rear shell 3e are integrated, the conductive member 4e is formed by extending the rear shell 3e in a direction away from the basin frame 11e, and the conductive member 4e is located outside the base 2e and the rear shell 3e, It is used for grounding, thereby forming a shielding effect, so that the sound-producing monomer 1e avoids external electromagnetic interference and has better working reliability.
  • the specific forming method of the conductive member is not limited.
  • the conductive member and the base are an integral structure, and the conductive member is formed by extending the base from the base toward the direction away from the sound emitting unit.
  • FIGS. 10-11 are a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100f of this embodiment is basically the same as the sound emitting device of the first embodiment.
  • the same parts of the two are not repeated one by one.
  • the main difference between the two is that the fourth embodiment is provided with a conductive member.
  • the fifth embodiment is explained below.
  • the sound emitting device 100f further includes a conductive member 4f and a soldering piece 5f fixed to the basin frame 11f and electrically connected to the vibration system.
  • the conductive member 4f includes two electrical pathways, one of which is used to connect the sounding monomer 1f with an external electrical pathway. The signal is used to supply power to the sounding unit 1f, and the other electrical path is used to ground the base 2f or the rear shell 3f to form a shield for the sounding unit 1f.
  • the conductive member 4f is used to form a shielding function together with the base 2f and the rear shell 3f, and is also used to supply power to the sound generating unit 1f.
  • the conductive member 4f with a simple structure simultaneously achieves dual functions.
  • the conductive member 4f is an FPC structure, and the conductive member 4f includes a first arm 41f penetrating through the extension wall 32f of the rear case, a second arm 42f extending from opposite ends of the first arm 41f in the direction of the sounding unit 1f, The first arm 41f extends away from the third arm 43f of the sound emitting unit 1f, and the fourth arm 44f extends away from the base 2f from the first arm 41f and is fixed to the rear case 3f.
  • an electrical path for shielding the sound emitting unit 1f is formed; the first arm 41f, the second arm 42f, and The third arm 43f jointly realizes the electrical connection between the sound emitting unit 1f and the external electrical signal, and is realized as another electrical path through which the sound emitting unit 1f communicates with the external electrical signal.
  • the conductive member 4f while providing an electrical signal for the sound emitting unit 1f, it can also form a barrier function, which makes the design of the sound emitting device 100f simpler.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100g of the fifth embodiment is based on the sound emitting device of the first embodiment, and a side sound emitting structure is added.
  • the structure of the other parts is basically the same. The difference is:
  • the sound emitting device 100g generates sound from the front side to form a sound emitting structure on the side.
  • the sound emitting device 100g further includes a sound conducting shell 6g covering the side of the base 2g away from the rear shell 3g.
  • the sound conducting shell 6g, the base 2g, and the front cover 14g collectively enclose a sound conducting cavity 60g
  • the sound emitting device includes a diaphragm 121g and a front cover 14g fixed on the side of the diaphragm 121g away from the rear housing 3g.
  • the front cover 14g and the diaphragm 121g enclose a sound cavity 101g
  • the sound guide cavity 60g communicates with the sound cavity 101g through a sound hole 140g penetrating the front cover 14g.
  • the sound guide shell 6g is provided with a side sound hole 620g penetrating the side opposite to the base extension wall 22g.
  • the side sound hole 620g communicates the sound guide cavity 60g with the outside to form a side sound structure.
  • the sound conducting shell 6g includes a sound conducting shell plate 61g spaced and opposed to the base plate 21g, and a sound conducting shell extension wall 62g that is bent and extended from the periphery of the sound conducting shell plate 61g toward the base 2g and supported and fixed to the periphery of the base plate 21g
  • the side sound hole 620g is provided through the sound guide shell extension wall 62g, thereby forming a side sounding structure, which is convenient for flexible use of different installation positions.
  • the sound-conducting shell extension wall 62g and the base extension wall 22g of the base 2g are formed as an integral structure. This structure arrangement effectively simplifies the assembly process, and there is no need to assemble the sound-conducting shell separately. , Which makes the formation of the side sound structure more reliable.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100h of the sixth embodiment is based on the sound emitting device of the first embodiment, and a breathable spacer is added.
  • the structure of the other parts is basically the same. The difference is:
  • the sound emitting device 100h also includes a gas-permeable spacer 7h located in the rear acoustic cavity 102h.
  • the gas-permeable spacer 7h includes a spacer body 71h arranged opposite to the rear shell plate 31h of the rear shell 3h.
  • the spacer extension 72h bent and extended in the direction of 31h and the spacer fixing part 73h bent and extended from the end of the spacer extension 72h away from the spacer body 71h; the spacer extension 72h and the rear shell extension wall 32h are spaced apart from
  • the part fixing part 73h is fixed to the rear shell 3h; the air-permeable spacer 7h and the rear shell 3h jointly enclose a powder filling space 70h.
  • the powder filling space 70h is used for filling sound-absorbing materials.
  • the air-permeable spacer 7h effectively prevents the sound-absorbing particles from entering the sound-producing monomer for 1h, avoiding the risk of sound failure and improving Reliability.
  • the spacer fixing portion 73h is fixed to the rear shell plate 31h, and the spacer extension 72h is spaced apart from the rear shell extension wall 32h of the rear shell 3h, which can effectively increase the smoothness of ventilation of the rear acoustic cavity 102h , Improve the stability of low-frequency sound performance.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
  • the side of the isolator body 71i close to the sounding unit 1i is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit 1i to form an avoiding step 710i, and the avoiding step 710i and the leakage portion 1310i are arranged directly opposite.
  • This structural arrangement can make the leakage of the sounding cavity 103i of the sounding monomer 1i smoother, thereby improving the sounding performance.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seventh embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 100j of the seventh embodiment is based on the sound emitting device of the first embodiment, and a positioning piece is added.
  • the structure of the other parts is basically the same. The point is:
  • the sound emitting device 100j also includes at least two positioning pieces 8j which are respectively connected to the base 2j.
  • the specific number of the positioning pieces 8j can be set according to actual usage conditions.
  • the positioning pieces 8j include two.
  • each positioning piece 8j away from the base 2j is provided with a positioning hole 80j penetrating through it, which is used to fix and position the sound emitting device 100j and the application terminal, such as a threaded hole, which can be passed through the positioning hole 80j by using a screw. It is simple and convenient to be fixed on the whole terminal, and the two positioning pieces 8j can form positioning and fixation more effectively. In order to further improve the fixing stability, the two positioning pieces 8j are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the base 2j, and the symmetrical arrangement makes the positioning and fixing effect of the sound emitting device 100j and the terminal device better.
  • the positioning piece 8j is fixed to the base 2j by welding, that is, the positioning piece 8j and the base 2j are a separate structure of two devices.
  • the two positioning pieces are respectively connected to the rear shell and are arranged on opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the rear shell at intervals, and it is also possible that the positioning holes are arranged at one end of the positioning piece away from the rear shell.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative implementation of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 15.
  • the difference from the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 16 is that in the sound emitting device 100k of this embodiment, the positioning piece 8k is formed by extending the base 2k or the rear shell 3k away from the sound emitting unit 1k, that is, the positioning piece 8k and the base 2k or The rear shell 3k is a one-piece structure, which is simple to form, reduces the number of components, and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the base and the rear shell are designed to be respectively covered on opposite sides of the sound emitting monomer, and the rear shell, the base and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose the rear sound cavity, the rear shell Leak holes are provided to connect the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the above structure forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is not only simple in structure, but also has a small increase in the horizontal size of the sound device as a whole along the vibration direction perpendicular to the vibration system, and makes the sound effect of the sound device better.
  • the airtight rear acoustic cavity structure allows the base and the rear shell to be used for vibration absorption, so that the sound emitting device is used in the mobile terminal to avoid the occurrence of shell vibration, making the user experience better; in addition, the base and the rear shell are fixed and supported separately On the opposite sides of the positioning boss of the vocal unit, the limit of the vocal unit in the vibration direction is realized, which improves the reliability of the fixing between the base and the rear shell and the vocal unit, effectively avoiding the drop of the sound unit The drop of the vocal unit.

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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种发声器件，其包括发声单体；发声单体设有定位凸台；壳体还包括分别固定支撑于定位凸台相对两侧的底座和后壳；底座包括盖设固定于发声单体的底座板以及由底座板沿发声单体周侧向后壳弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，底座延伸壁固定于定位凸台；后壳包括与发声单体间隔的后壳板以及由后壳板沿发声单体周侧向底座弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，后壳延伸壁固定于定位凸台，后壳及发声单体共同围成后声腔，发声单体设有与后声腔连通的泄露部，后壳设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔，泄漏孔将后声腔与外界连通。与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件结构简单、声学性能优、且用户体验效果好。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种运用于便携式移动电子产品的发声器件。
 背景技术
发声器件又名扬声器，广泛运用于便携式移动电子产品中，比如手机，实现将音频信号转化为声音播放，发声器件响度大，振幅度。
相关技术的发声器件包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述磁路系统驱动所述振动系统振动发声，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜以及固定于所述振膜并插设于所述磁间隙以驱动所述振膜振动发声的音圈。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的发声器件因不具有后腔结构或后腔为开放式结构，其运用在手机等便携式移动电子产品中时会引起手机壳振的问题，造成用户体验效果不好；而手机空间尺寸有限，发声器件不能设计成现有技术中的带后腔的扬声器箱结构以克服该问题。并且，现有的发声器件中发声单体直接收容固定于壳体内，因此，发声单体在高度方向上没有限位，在跌落的情况下，发声单体容易与壳体脱离，影响发声器件整体的可靠性。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单、声学性能好、用户体验效果好的发声器件。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供一种发声器件，其包括发声单体；所述发声单体设有定位凸台；所述发声器件还包括分别固定支撑于所述定位凸台相对两侧的底座和后壳；
所述底座包括盖设固定于所述发声单体的底座板以及由所述底座板沿所述发声单体周侧向所述后壳弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，所述底座延伸壁固定于所述定位凸台；
所述后壳包括与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板以及由所述后壳板沿所述发声单体周侧向所述底座弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，所述后壳延伸壁固定于所述定位凸台，所述后壳及所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
优选的，所述定位凸台包括多个且相互间隔设置，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定支撑于多个所述定位凸台。
优选的，所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁均与所述发声单体贴合固定以使所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁均与所述发声单体之间形成密封。
优选的，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁均与所述发声单体间隔设置，且所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁间隔并在相邻所述定位凸台之间形成容胶空间，所述容胶空间内填胶以使所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁之间形成密封。
优选的，所述定位凸台呈环状，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定支撑于所述定位凸台的相对两侧并与所述定位凸台形成密封。
优选的，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁均通过焊接或打胶固定的方式与所述定位凸台固定并形成密封。
优选的，所述发声单体包括盆架，所述定位凸台由所述盆架向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成；所述底座板固定于所述盆架，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧设置。
优选的，所述发声单体包括支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统，所述定位凸台沿垂直于所述振动系统的振动方向向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定于所述定位凸台沿所述振动系统的振动方向的相对两侧。
优选的，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述定位凸台由所述磁路系统向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成；所述底座板固定于所述盆架，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧设置。
优选的，所述磁路系统包括固定于所述盆架的磁轭以及固定支撑于所述磁轭的磁钢单元，所述定位凸台由所述磁轭的周缘向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成。
优选的，所述磁路系统包括固定于所述盆架的磁轭、固定支撑于所述磁轭的磁钢单元以及固定于所述盆架且盖设于所述磁钢单元远离所述磁轭一端的上夹板，所述定位凸台由所述上夹板向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成。
优选的，所述底座和所述后壳均为金属材料制成。
优选的，所述底座或所述后壳至少部分用于接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述底座或所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
优选的，所述导电件由所述底座或所述后壳延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于将所述底座或所述后壳接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述底座和所述后壳的其中一个的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述底座或所述后壳的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
优选的，所述定位片由所述底座或所述后壳向远离所述发声单体延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述底座远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架，固定于所述盆架靠近所述底座一侧的振膜以及固定于所述振膜远离所述后壳一侧的前盖，所述前盖与所述振膜围合形成出声腔，所述前盖设有贯穿其上的出声孔，所述导声腔通过所述出声孔与所述出声腔连通。
优选的，所述导声壳包括与所述底座板间隔相对的导声壳板以及由所述导声壳板的周缘向所述 底座弯折延伸并支撑固定于所述底座板周缘的导声壳延伸壁，所述导声壳延伸壁设有贯穿其上的侧声孔。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
优选的，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
优选的，所述底座和所述后壳均采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
优选的，所述发声单体还包括盆架，所述底座和所述后壳分别盖设固定于所述盆架的相对两侧，所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧；所述后壳延伸壁的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；所述后壳延伸壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述后壳延伸壁的厚度。
优选的，所述发声单体包括固定于所述盆架用于振动发声的振膜，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳的正投影与所述后壳的投影平面的面积比至少为4/5。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计底座和后壳分别盖设于发声单体的相对两侧，并使得后壳和发声单体共同围成后声腔，后壳设置泄漏孔将后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、发声器件整体沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得底座和后壳可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好；另外，底座和后壳分别固定支撑于发声单体的定位凸台的相对两侧，实现了发声单体在振动方向上的限位，提高底座和后壳与发声单体之间的固定可靠性，有效避免了发声器件跌落情况下发声单体的掉落。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型发声器件实施方式一的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型发声器件实施方式一的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图4为本实用新型发声器件实施方式一衍生的实施方式的立体结构分解示意图；
图5为本实用新型发声器件的定位凸台设置在磁轭的立体结构示意图；
图6为沿图5中B-B线的剖示图；
图7为本实用新型发声器件的定位凸台设置在磁路系统的衍生实施方式示意图；
图8为本实用新型发声器件实施方式二的截面示意图；
图9为本实用新型发声器件实施方式三的截面示意图；
图10为本实用新型发声器件实施方式四的立体结构示意图；
图11为本实用新型发声器件实施方式四的发声单体和导电件装配示意图；
图12为本实用新型发声器件实施方式五的截面示意图；
图13为本实用新型发声器件实施方式六的截面示意图；
图14为本实用新型发声器件实施方式六衍生的实施方式的截面示意图；
图15为本实用新型发声器件实施方式七的立体结构示意图；
图16为本实用新型发声器件实施方式七衍生的实施方式的立体结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
实施方式一
请同时参阅图1-3所示，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件100，其包括发声单体1、底座2以及后壳3。
发声单体1包括盆架11、振动系统12以及磁路系统13，发声单体1设有泄漏部1310；振动系统12和磁路系统13分别支撑固定于盆架11并共同围成发声内腔103，磁路系统13驱动振动系统12振动发声，发声内腔103经泄漏部1310向外泄漏。
在本实施方式中，振动系统12包括固定于盆架11用于振动发声的振膜121以及连接于振膜121的音圈122。
磁路系统13包括固定于盆架11远离振膜121一侧的磁轭131、固定支撑于磁轭131并形成磁间隙130的磁钢单元132以及固定于盆架11且盖设于磁钢单元132远离所述磁轭131一端的上夹板133，音圈122插设于磁间隙130内用于驱动振膜121振动发声，泄漏部1310贯穿磁轭131设置。
值得一提的是，泄漏部1310的数量及位置的具体设置是不限，其可以根据实际情况进行具体的设置，比如，在本实施方式中，泄漏部1310包括四个，四个泄漏部1310分别设置于磁轭131的四个角的位置。
更具体的，振膜121包括与音圈122连接的振动部1211、由振动部1211外周缘向远离振动部1211的方向弯折延伸的折环部1212以及由折环部1212远离振动部1211一侧弯折延伸的固定部1213，固定部1213固定于盆架11。
发声单体1设有定位凸台110，底座2和后壳3分别固定支撑于所述定位凸台110相对两侧。
在本实施方式中，定位凸台110由盆架11沿垂直振动系统12的振动方向向远离发声单体1的方向延伸形成，底座2和后壳3沿振动系统12的振动方向分别固定支撑于定位凸台110的相对两侧。
底座2包括盖设固定于发声单体1底座板21以及由底座板21沿盆架11周侧向后壳3弯折延伸的底座延伸壁22，底座板21设有沿振动系统12的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔23；更具体的，底座板21固定于盆架11靠近振膜121的一侧，底座延伸壁22环绕盆架11周侧设置且固定支撑于定位凸台110靠近振膜121的一侧，振膜121正对通孔23设置，以形成正面发声结构。
后壳3包括与发声单体1间隔的后壳板31以及由后壳板31沿发声单体1周侧向底座延伸壁22弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁32，后壳板31沿振动方向设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔33；更具体的，后壳板31位于盆架11远离振膜121一侧且与盆架11间隔，后壳延伸壁32环绕盆架11周侧设置且固定支撑于定位凸台110远离振膜121的一侧。
进一步的，后壳延伸壁32的延伸方向平行于振膜121的振动方向，底座延伸壁22的延伸方向平行于振膜121的振动方向。更具体的，底座延伸壁22与后壳延伸壁32之间的密封方式是不限的，其可以根据实际使用的需要进行具体的选择，比如，在本实施方式一中，后壳延伸壁32和底座延伸壁22正对设置，底座延伸壁22与后壳延伸壁32可以通过焊接或打胶固定以形成密封。
上述结构中，后壳3及发声单体1共同围成后声腔102，泄露部1310将发声内腔103与后声腔102连通，用以改善低频声学性能，而后壳板31又设有沿振动方向贯穿其上的泄漏孔33，泄漏孔33将后声腔102与外界连通。更优的，发声单体1还包括固定于磁轭131且完全覆盖泄漏部1310的第一透气阻尼件1311，泄漏部1310通过第一透气阻尼件1311与后声腔102连通，通过第一透气阻尼件1311的设置，不仅调节了泄漏部1310的泄漏量，更进一步地提高低频声学性能，而且有效阻隔后声腔102的异物进入到发声单体1内部，保证了发声单体1的发声可靠性，还为后声腔102填充吸音材料提供了条件。当然，泄漏孔的具体位置设置是不限的，在其他实施方式中，泄漏孔也可以贯穿后壳延伸壁设置。
至此，本实用新型的上述发声器件100则形成了封闭的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件100的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔102结构的存在，底座2和后壳3形成吸振作用，使得发声器件100运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果；另外，将底座2和后壳3分别固定支撑于发声单体1的定位凸台110的相对两侧，实现了发声单体1在振膜121的振动方向上的限位，提高底座2和后壳3与发声单体1之间的固定可靠性。有效避免了发声器件100跌落情况下发声单体1的掉落。
需要说明的是，定位凸台110的结构形式是不限的，比如，在本实施方式一中，定位凸台110包括多个且相互间隔设置，底座延伸壁22和后壳延伸壁32分别固定支撑于多个定位凸台110，且底座延伸壁22和后壳延伸壁32与发声单体1的盆架11间隔设置，此时，由于底座延伸壁22和后壳延伸壁32沿振膜121的振动方向间隔并在相邻定位凸台110之间形成了容胶空间10，因此，需在容胶空间10内填胶以使底座延伸壁22和后壳延伸壁32之间形成密封。当然，在其他实施方式中，也可以使后壳延伸壁和底座延伸完全贴合固定于盆架的外周侧以使后壳延伸壁和底座延伸壁均与盆架之间形成密封，该实施方式省去了底座和后壳之间打胶密封的工序，简化了装配工序，有效提高装配效率。
更优的，作为实施方式一衍生的实施方式，具体参阅图4所示，定位凸台110a呈环状，底座延伸壁22a和后壳延伸壁32a分别固定支撑于定位凸台110a的相对两侧并与定位凸台110a形成密封，进一步的，底座延伸壁22a和后壳延伸壁32a均通过焊接或打胶固定的方式与定位凸台110a固定并形成密封，此时，后声腔则由后壳3a直接与发声单体1a直接围成；通过环状的定位凸台110a的设置，使得定位凸台110a分别与底座延伸壁22a和后壳延伸壁32a完全抵接，使得定位凸台110a与底座延伸壁22a和后壳延伸壁32a之间的密封性进一步提高。
需要说明的是，定位凸台具体的位置设置是不限于此的，在其他的实施方式中，定位凸台由磁路系统凸出延伸形成也是可行的，比如，请参阅图5-6所示，磁路系统13b 的磁轭131b凸出延伸形成定位凸台1310b，底座2b和后壳3b分别固定于定位凸台1310b的相对两侧；当然，请参阅图7所示，当定位凸台设置在磁路系统时，定位凸台1330c还可以由磁路系统13c的上夹板133c向远离发声单体1c的方向凸出延伸形成，定位凸台的具体位置可以根据实际设计的需要进行具体的选择。
请同时参阅图1-3所示，在本实施方式一中，底座2和后壳3可为金属、陶瓷和玻璃材料中的其中一种制成，比如，底座2和后壳3为金属材料制成，该金属材料包括但不限于钢、铁、铜等，底座2和后壳3共同围成一个金属罩，并使底座2或后壳3至少部分接地，从而形成屏蔽作用，以减少外部电磁场对发声单体1的振动发声的影响，有效提高发声单体1的振动发声的可靠性，有效改善发声性能。
本实施方式中，底座2的厚度和后壳3的厚度均小于盆架11的厚度，具体的，底座延伸壁22的厚度和后壳延伸壁32的厚度小于盆架11的厚度，该结构设计使得底座2和后壳3在满足结构强度的同时，在沿垂直于振膜121的振动方向所占用的体积更小，更利于在横向安装空间小的终端中运用。
进一步的，后壳延伸壁32与盆架11的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍的后壳延伸壁32的厚度。该间隔为发声单体1的装配预留了一定的装配间隙，因此使得发声单体1更快捷装配至底座2中，提高装配效率，同时也不会更多占用发声器件100在垂直于振动方向所占用的横向空间。
更优的，发声单体1沿振膜121的振动方向向后壳3的正投影与后壳3的投影平面的面积比至少为4/5。该结构可使得发声器件100在其垂直于振动方向的尺寸尽可能小，满足形成后声腔102实现吸振、提高低频声学性能的同时，更便于安装于装配空间横向尺寸小的产品。
值得一提的是，底座2和后壳3均为壁厚结构，比如，在本实施方式一中，底座2和后壳3由0.15mm厚的钢片通过拉伸成型工艺制成，使得底座2的壁厚和后壳3的壁厚均为0.15mm。
比如，底座延伸壁22与盆架11之间的间距小于或等于0.05mm，同理，后壳延伸壁32与盆架11之间的间距也小于或等于0.05mm。定位凸台110沿垂直振动方向的厚度小于或等于0.20mm。
本实施方式中，底座延伸壁22与盆架11之间的间距和后壳延伸壁32与盆架11之间的间距均设为0.05mm，定位凸台110沿垂直振动方向的厚度设为0.20mm。该结构设置后，在保证底座2和后壳3的结构强度稳定性的情况下，发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的单侧增加尺寸相对最小，单侧仅增加尺寸仅0.20mm，不影响其运用于便携式移动终端电子产品内。
请同时参阅图1-3所示，在本实施方式一中，更优的，为了保证正面发声结构的可靠性，在本实施方式一中，发声单体1还包括压设固定于振膜121远离盆架11一侧并与振膜121围成出声腔101的前盖14。前盖14设有沿振动方向贯穿其上的出声孔140，出声腔101通过出声孔140与外界连通，该结构设置改善了发声器件100的中频高频性能。本实施方式中，底座板21压设固定于前盖14的周缘，且前盖14穿过通孔23外露于底座2。
进一步的，前盖14包括与振膜121间隔设置的出声板141、由出声板141沿振动方向向振膜121弯折延伸的连接壁142以及由连接壁142靠近振膜121的一侧沿垂直振动方向弯折延伸的前盖板143，出声板141位于底座板21外侧，连接壁142穿设于通孔23，前盖板143夹设固定于振膜121和底座板21之间，出声孔140贯穿出声板141设置。通过前盖14的设置，使得振膜121在出声腔101的内部振动发声，即振膜121在一个独立腔体的内部振动发声，尽可能地避免了外界环境对振膜121的振动产生不良影响，以保证振动发声的可靠性，更进一步完善发声器件100的中频高频声学性能。
值得一提的是，出声孔140的数量及其位置的设置是不限的，其可以一个，也可是多个，其具体数量及位置的设置可以根据实际使用的情况进行确定，比如，在本实施方式中，出声孔140包括四个，四个出声孔140呈阵列排布。
为了进一步改善发声器件100的中频高频声学性能，更优的，发声器件100包括贴设于前盖14的第二透气阻尼件15，更具体的，第二透气阻尼件15盖设于出声板141且完全覆盖出声孔140，出声腔101依次通过出声孔140和第二透气阻尼件15与外界连通，通过第二透气阻尼件15的设置，一方面用于防止灰尘和异物进入到出声腔101中而影响发声效果，使得发声的可靠性更高，另一方面，可通过调节第二透气阻尼件15的阻尼以调节发声器件100的中频高频性能。
实施方式二
请参阅图8所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式二的截面示意图。实施方式二的发声器件100d与实施方式一的发声器件基本相同，对于相同部分不再一一赘述，实施方式二的发声器件100d主要的区别点在于：
在本实施方式二中，底座2d和后壳3d均为金属材料制成，并设置导电件4d。比如，底座2d和后壳3d均用0.15mm厚的钢片拉伸制成。
具体的，发声器件100d还包括导电件4d，导电件4d的一端连接于底座2d或后壳3d，导电件4d的另一端用于接地，从而形成屏蔽作用，使得发声单体1d避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
实施方式三
请参阅图9所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式三的截面示意图，该实施方式三的发声器件100e实质为图8的实施方式二的发声器件的另一种衍生实施方式，对于两者相同部分不再一一赘述，而实施方式三的发声器件100e的主要的区别点在于：
在本实施方式三中，导电件4e与后壳3e为一体结构，导电件4e由后壳3e向远离盆架11e的方向延伸形成，且该导电件4e位于底座2e和后壳3e的外侧，其用于接地，从而形成屏蔽作用，使得发声单体1e避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
当然，导电件的具体形成方式是不限的，该导电件与底座为一体结构，导电件由底座向远离发声单体的方向延伸形成也是可行。
实施方式四
请参阅图10-11所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式四的截面示意图。该实施方式的发声器件100f与实施方式一的发声器件基本相同，对于两者相同部分不再一一赘述，而两者主要的区别点在于实施方式四设置了导电件，下面展开说明实施方式五的导电件的具体设置：
发声器件100f还包括导电件4f和固定于盆架11f且与振动系统电连接的焊片5f，导电件4f包括两条电性通路，其中一条电性通路用于连接发声单体1f与外部电信号，用于为发声单体1f供电，另一条电性通路用于将底座2f或后壳3f接地形成对发声单体1f的屏蔽。
本实施例四中，导电件4f用于与底座2f和后壳3f共同形成屏蔽作用，同时还用于为发声单体1f供电，通过结构简单的导电件4f同时实现双重功能。
比如，导电件4f为一FPC结构，导电件4f包括贯穿f后壳延伸壁32f的第一臂41f、由第一臂41f的相对两端向发声单体1f方向延伸的第二臂42f、由第一臂41f向远离发声单体1f方向延伸的第三臂43f以及由第一臂41f向远离底座2f延伸并固定于后壳3f的第四臂44f。
第一臂41f与后壳延伸壁32f电连接；第二臂42f固定于发声单体1f的盆架11f并通过焊片5f与振动系统12f电连接，为振动系统12f供电；第三臂43f用于连接外部电信号；第四臂44f用于接地。即第一臂41f和第四臂44f共同实现将后壳3f与地连接，在本实施方式中，形成对发声单体1f实现屏蔽的一条电性通路；第一臂41f、第二臂42f以及第三臂43f共同实现将发声单体1f与外部电信号电连接，实现为发声单体1f与外部电信号连通的另一条电性通路。
通过该导电件4f的设置，在实现为发声单体1f提供电信号的同时，还能形成屏障作用，使得发声器件100f的设计更加简单。
实施方式五
请参阅图12所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式五的截面示意图。实施方式五的发声器件100g是实施方式一的发声器件的基础上增加一个侧发声结构，其他部分的结构基本相同，对于相同部分不再一一赘述，而实施方式五的发声器件100g的主要的区别点在于：
发声器件100g由正面发声形成侧面发声结构。
具体的，发声器件100g还包括盖设于底座2g远离后壳3g一侧的导声壳6g，导声壳6g、底座2g及前盖14g共同围成导声腔60g，所述发声器件包括振膜121g以及固定于振膜121g远离所述后壳3g一侧的前盖14g。前盖14g与振膜121g围合形成出声腔101g，导声腔60g通过贯穿前盖14g的出声孔140g与出声腔101g连通。导声壳6g与底座延伸壁22g相对的一侧设有贯穿其上的侧声孔620g，侧声孔620g将导声腔60g与外界连通以形成侧发声结构。
进一步的，导声壳6g包括与底座板21g间隔相对的导声壳板61g以及由导声壳板61g的周缘向底座2g弯折延伸并支撑固定于底座板21g周缘的导声壳延伸壁62g，侧声孔620g贯穿导声壳延伸壁62g设置，从而形成侧发声结构，便于安装位置不同的灵活运用。
需要说明的是，更优的，在其他的实施方式中，导声壳延伸壁62g与底座2g的底座延伸壁22g为一体成型结构，该结构设置有效简化了装配工序，无需另外装配导声壳，使得侧发声结构的形成更加可靠。
实施方式六
请参阅图13所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式六的截面示意图。实施方式六的发声器件100h是实施方式一的发声器件的基础上增加一个透气隔离件，其他部分的结构基本相同，对于相同部分不再一一赘述，而实施方式六的发声器件100h的主要的区别点在于：
发声器件100h还包括位于后声腔102h内的透气隔离件7h，透气隔离件7h包括与后壳3h的后壳板31h间隔相对设置的隔离件本体71h、由隔离件本体71h的周缘向后壳板31h方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部72h以及由隔离件延伸部72h远离隔离件本体71h的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部73h；隔离件延伸部72h与后壳延伸壁32h间隔设置，隔离件固定部73h固定于后壳3h；透气隔离件7h与后壳3h共同围成灌粉空间70h。
灌粉空间70h用于灌装吸音材料，当后声腔102h内填充吸音材料，如吸音颗粒时，透气隔离件7h有效的防止了吸音颗粒进入发声单体1h内部，避免了发声失效的风险，提高了可靠性。
在本实施方式六中，更具体的，隔离件固定部73h固定于后壳板31h，隔离件延伸部72h与后壳3h的后壳延伸壁32h间隔设置可有效增加后声腔102h的通气顺畅性，提高低频发声性能的稳定性。
值得一提的是，图14为图13所示实施方式六的衍生实施方式结构示意图。请参阅图14所示的发声器件100i，隔离件本体71i靠近发声单体1i的一侧向远离发声单体1i的方向凹陷形成避让台阶710i，避让台阶710i与泄露部1310i正对设置。该结构设置可使发声单体1i的发声内腔103i的泄露更顺畅，从而改善发声性能。
实施方式七
请参阅图15所示，为本实用新型发声器件的实施方式七的立体结构示意图。实施方式七的发声器件100j是实施方式一的发声器件的基础上增加一个定位片，其他部分的结构基本相同，对于相同部分不再一一赘述，而实施方式七的发声器件100j的主要的区别点在于：
发声器件100j还包括至少两个定位片8j并分别与底座2j连接。
需要说明的是，定位片8j的具体数量可以根据实际使用的情况进行设置，比如，在本实施方式七中，定位片8j包括两个。
进一步的，每个定位片8j远离底座2j的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔80j，用于将发声器件100j与运用终端整机固定定位，比如为螺纹孔，使用螺钉则可通过定位孔80j固定在终端整机，简单方便，而两个定位片8j可更有效的形成定位固定。为了进一步提高固定稳定性，两个定位片8j连接于底座2j的相对两侧或两对角处，对称设置使发声器件100j与终端整机定位固定效果更优。本实施方式中，定位片8j通过焊接固定于底座2j，即定位片8j与底座2j为两个器件的分体结构。当然，两个定位片分别连接于后壳且间隔设置于后壳的相对两侧或两对角处，定位孔设置于定位片远离后壳的一端也是可以的。
请结合图16所示，图16为图15所示实施方式七的衍生实施方式结构示意图。其与图16所示实施方式七的区别在于，本实施方式的发声器件100k中，定位片8k中由底座2k或后壳3k向远离发声单体1k延伸形成，即定位片8k与底座2k或后壳3k为一体成型结构，成型简单，减少器件数量，提高装配效率。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计底座和后壳分别盖设于发声单体的相对两侧，并使得后壳、底座及发声单体共同围成后声腔，后壳设置泄漏孔将后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、发声器件整体沿垂直于振动系统的振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得底座和后壳可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好；另外，底座和后壳分别固定支撑于发声单体的定位凸台的相对两侧，实现了发声单体在振动方向上的限位，提高底座和后壳与发声单体之间的固定可靠性，有效避免了发声器件跌落情况下发声单体的掉落。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括发声单体，其特征在于，所述发声单体设有定位凸台；所述发声器件还包括分别固定支撑于所述定位凸台相对两侧的底座和后壳；
    所述底座包括盖设固定于所述发声单体的底座板以及由所述底座板沿所述发声单体周侧向所述后壳弯折延伸的底座延伸壁，所述底座延伸壁固定于所述定位凸台；
    所述后壳包括与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板以及由所述后壳板沿所述发声单体周侧向所述底座弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，所述后壳延伸壁固定于所述定位凸台，所述后壳及所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳设有贯穿其上的泄漏孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位凸台包括多个且相互间隔设置，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定支撑于多个所述定位凸台。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁均与所述发声单体贴合固定以使所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁均与所述发声单体之间形成密封。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁均与所述发声单体间隔设置，且所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁间隔并在相邻所述定位凸台之间形成容胶空间，所述容胶空间内填胶以使所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁之间形成密封。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位凸台呈环状，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定支撑于所述定位凸台的相对两侧并与所述定位凸台形成密封。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁均通过焊接或打胶固定的方式与所述定位凸台固定并形成密封。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体包括盆架，所述定位凸台由所述盆架向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成；所述底座板固定于所述盆架，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体包括支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统，所述定位凸台沿垂直于所述振动系统的振动方向向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁分别固定于所述定位凸台沿所述振动系统的振动方向的相对两侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述定位凸台由所述磁路系统向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成；所述底座板固定于所述盆架，所述底座延伸壁和所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括固定于所述盆架的磁轭以及固定支撑于所述磁轭的磁钢单元，所述定位凸台由所述磁轭的周缘向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括固定于所述盆架的磁轭、固定支撑于所述磁轭的磁钢单元以及固定于所述盆架且盖设于所述磁钢单元远离所述磁轭一端的上夹板，所述定位凸台由所述上夹板向远离所述发声单体的方向凸出延伸形成。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座和所述后壳均为金属材料制成。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座或所述后壳至少部分用于接地。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述底座或所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导电件由所述底座或所述后壳延伸形成。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于将所述底座或所述后壳接地。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述底座和所述后壳的其中一个的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述底座或所述后壳的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位片由所述底座或所述后壳向远离所述发声单体延伸形成。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述底座远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架，固定于所述盆架靠近所述底座一侧的振膜以及固定于所述振膜远离所述后壳一侧的前盖，所述前盖与所述振膜围合形成出声腔，所述前盖设有贯穿其上的出声孔，所述导声腔通过所述出声孔与所述出声腔连通。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导声壳包括与所述底座板间隔相对的导声壳板以及由所述导声壳板的周缘向所述 底座弯折延伸并支撑固定于所述底座板周缘的导声壳延伸壁，所述导声壳延伸壁设有贯穿其上的侧声孔。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座和所述后壳均采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体还包括盆架，所述底座和所述后壳分别盖设固定于所述盆架的相对两侧，所述后壳延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧；所述后壳延伸壁的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；所述后壳延伸壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述后壳延伸壁的厚度。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体包括固定于所述盆架用于振动发声的振膜，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳的正投影与所述后壳的投影平面的面积比至少为4/5。
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