WO2021237791A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237791A1
WO2021237791A1 PCT/CN2020/094704 CN2020094704W WO2021237791A1 WO 2021237791 A1 WO2021237791 A1 WO 2021237791A1 CN 2020094704 W CN2020094704 W CN 2020094704W WO 2021237791 A1 WO2021237791 A1 WO 2021237791A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
sound
rear shell
base
sounding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/094704
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴树文
曹成铭
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2021237791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237791A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-producing device applied to portable mobile electronic products.
  • Sounding devices also known as speakers, are widely used in portable mobile electronic products, such as mobile phones, to convert audio signals into sound for playback.
  • the sounding devices have high loudness and amplitude.
  • the related art sounding device includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound
  • the vibration system includes The diaphragm of the basin frame and a voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and inserted in the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the related art sound device does not have a rear cavity structure or the rear cavity is an open structure, when used in portable mobile electronic products such as mobile phones, it will cause the problem of mobile phone shell vibration, resulting in poor user experience; and mobile phone space Due to the limited size, the sound emitting device cannot be designed into a speaker box structure with a back cavity in the prior art to overcome this problem.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sound device with simple structure, good acoustic performance and good user experience.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, which includes a sound emitting unit having a diaphragm, and a base and a rear shell respectively covering opposite sides of the sound emitting unit along the vibration direction of the diaphragm.
  • the base includes a base body fixed to the side of the sound-producing unit close to the diaphragm and a ring-shaped base support wall extending from the base body in the direction of the rear shell, the base
  • the main body and the diaphragm are spaced apart, the sound-producing monomer is supported on the base support wall, the sound-producing monomer and the base jointly enclose a front sound cavity, and the base support wall is provided with a sound guide penetrating through it
  • the sound guide channel communicates the front sound cavity with the outside;
  • the rear shell includes a rear shell plate located on the side of the sound emitting unit away from the diaphragm and spaced from the sound emitting unit, and The peripheral edge of the rear shell plate is bent along the peripheral side of the sound-producing unit toward the base support wall.
  • the rear shell extension wall abuts against the base support wall and is at least partially embedded in the base support wall.
  • the base supporting wall is sealed and fixed, the rear shell and the sounding monomer jointly enclose a rear sound cavity, the sounding monomer is provided with a leaking part communicating with the rear sound cavity, and the rear shell plate is provided with a through hole The leak hole on the upper part, the leak hole communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside.
  • the extension wall of the rear shell is rectangular, and it includes a first wall, a second wall disposed opposite to the first wall, and a second wall respectively connected to the first wall and the second wall and disposed opposite to each other
  • the first wall is provided with a notch penetrating the third wall and the fourth wall
  • the base supporting wall includes a supporting wall body and one end of the supporting wall body close to the diaphragm toward the sounding monomer
  • the first wall is at least partially embedded in the support wall body, the sound guide channel penetrates the support wall body and passes through the gap;
  • the second wall, the third wall, and Each of the fourth walls abuts against the supporting wall body and the supporting step, and is embedded in the base supporting wall from the supporting step toward the base body.
  • the extension wall of the rear shell is cylindrical and is provided with a notch penetrating through it
  • the base support wall includes a support wall body and an end of the support wall body that is close to the diaphragm extends toward the sound emitting unit
  • the support step; one part of the extension wall of the rear shell abuts against the support wall body and the support step and is embedded in the base support wall from the support step toward the base body, and the other part It is embedded in the supporting wall body, and at the same time, the sound guide channel penetrates the supporting wall body in which the extension wall of the rear shell is embedded and passes through the gap.
  • the rear shell is made of a metal material
  • the base is made of a plastic material
  • an end of the extension wall of the rear shell close to the support wall of the base is embedded in the base to form a sealing fixation.
  • the rear shell is at least partially grounded.
  • the sound generating device further includes a conductive member, one end of the conductive member is connected to the rear case, and the other end of the conductive member is used for grounding.
  • the conductive member is formed by extending the rear shell.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a conductive member, the conductive member includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the sounding monomer with an external electrical signal, and the other of the electrical pathways The road is used to connect the rear shell and the ground.
  • the sound-generating device further includes a conductive terminal
  • the rear shell is also provided with an electrical connection hole penetrating therethrough
  • the conductive terminal is at least partially located in the electrical connection hole and exposed to the rear housing for communication with The external circuit is electrically connected.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas permeable isolator located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas permeable isolator is attached to the sound emitting monomer and separates the sound emitting unit from the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the sound-producing monomer further includes a magnetic yoke arranged on the opposite side of the diaphragm and a gas-permeable spacer fixed to the magnetic yoke, the magnetic yoke is provided with a through hole penetrating therethrough, and the gas-permeable The spacer completely covers the through hole, and the through hole is communicated with the rear acoustic cavity through the air-permeable spacer.
  • the yoke includes a yoke body disposed opposite to the diaphragm and a groove formed by the yoke body recessed in the direction of the diaphragm along the vibration direction of the diaphragm.
  • the hole penetrates the groove, the gas-permeable spacer is fixed to the groove, and the area of the orthographic projection of the gas-permeable spacer to the groove along the vibration direction of the diaphragm is smaller than the area of the groove.
  • the sound generating device further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas-permeable spacer includes a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell at intervals, and is directed from the periphery of the spacer body to the A spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the back shell and a spacer fixing part bent and extended from an end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part is arranged at a distance from the side wall, The spacer fixing part is fixed to the rear shell; the air-permeable spacer and the rear shell jointly enclose a powder filling space.
  • the gas-permeable spacer includes a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell at intervals, and is directed from the periphery of the spacer body to the A spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the back shell and a spacer fixing part bent and extended from an end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part is arranged
  • a side of the isolator body close to the sounding unit is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit to form an avoiding step, and the avoiding step is arranged directly opposite to the leakage portion.
  • the rear shell is made by stretching a 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the extension wall of the rear shell is spaced apart from the sound emitting unit.
  • the distance between the extension wall of the rear shell and the sound emitting unit is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
  • the sound-producing unit includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system that drives the vibration system to vibrate and emit sound
  • the diaphragm is fixed to the basin frame
  • the rear The shell extension wall is attached to the basin frame, or the rear shell extension wall is provided with an interval from at least one side of the basin frame, and the interval is less than 3 times the thickness of the rear shell.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the rear shell to the thickness of the basin frame is less than 0.4.
  • the interval is less than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the fixed surface of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame.
  • the ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound-producing monomer to the rear shell plate along the vibration direction of the diaphragm to the projected plane area of the rear shell plate is at least 4/5.
  • the sound emitting device further includes at least two positioning pieces, the base cover is disposed on the rear shell and forms a housing together with the base, and the at least two positioning pieces are connected to opposite sides or At two opposite corners, one end of the positioning piece away from the housing is provided with positioning holes penetrating through it.
  • the positioning piece is formed by extending outward from the casing.
  • the base and the rear shell are designed to be respectively covered on opposite sides of the sound emitting unit, and the base supporting wall is provided on the base to support the sound emitting unit, and at the same time
  • the rear shell is provided with a rear shell extension wall that abuts against the base support wall and is at least partially embedded in the base support wall to form a sealing fixation.
  • This structure makes the rear shell and the sounding monomer jointly enclose a rear acoustic cavity,
  • the rear shell is provided with a leak hole to communicate the rear acoustic cavity with the outside.
  • the above structure forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is not only simple in structure, and the overall horizontal dimension perpendicular to the direction of vibration is small, but also makes the acoustic effect of the sound device better.
  • the sealed rear acoustic cavity structure allows the base and the rear shell to be used for vibration absorption, so that the sound emitting device is used in the mobile terminal to avoid the occurrence of shell vibration, and the user experience effect is better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound-producing monomer of the sound-producing device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the sound-producing monomer of the sound-producing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the base of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rear shell of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded schematic view of a partial three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of still another embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements to the sound device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of adding a gas-permeable spacer to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 3; FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the breathable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device 100, which includes a sound emitting unit 1, a base 2 and a rear case 3 with a diaphragm 121.
  • the sound unit 1 includes a basin frame 11, a vibration system 12, a magnetic circuit system 13, and a leak 130.
  • the vibration system 12 and the magnetic circuit system 13 are respectively supported and fixed to the basin frame 11 and jointly enclose a sounding cavity 104.
  • the magnetic circuit system 13 drives the vibration system 12 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the vibration system 12 includes the diaphragm 121 fixed to the basin frame 11.
  • the diaphragm 121 is used for vibrating and sounding.
  • the magnetic circuit system 13 includes a magnetic yoke 131 arranged on the opposite side of the diaphragm 121.
  • the base 2 and the rear shell 3 are respectively covered on opposite sides of the sound emitting unit 1 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121.
  • the base 2 and the rear shell 3 are respectively covered on opposite sides of the basin frame 11 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the rear shell 3 to the thickness of the basin frame 11 is less than 0.4, so that while the structural strength of the shell 1 is satisfied, the sound emitting device 100 is increased as little as possible along the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction. Size; but also to ensure the structural strength of the basin frame 11 while occupying as little space as possible.
  • the base 2 includes a base body 21 and a base supporting wall 22.
  • the base body 21 is covered and fixed on the side of the sound-producing unit 1 close to the diaphragm 121.
  • the base body 21 is covered and fixed on the side of the basin frame 11 close to the diaphragm 121.
  • the base body 21 and the diaphragm 121 are spaced apart.
  • the base supporting wall 22 extends from the base body 21 toward the rear shell 3.
  • the base supporting wall 22 is ring-shaped.
  • the sound emitting unit 1 is supported on the base supporting wall 22, that is, the basin frame 11 is supported on the base supporting wall 22.
  • the base support wall 22 is provided with a sound guide channel 220 passing through it.
  • the sound emitting unit 1 and the base 2 jointly enclose a front sound cavity 5.
  • the diaphragm 121, the basin frame 11, and the base 2 jointly enclose the front acoustic cavity 5.
  • the sound guide channel 220 connects the front sound cavity 5 with the outside to form a side sounding structure.
  • the sound guide channel 220 and the front acoustic cavity 5 together form the front cavity 6.
  • the front cavity 6 improves the acoustic performance of the sound emitting device 100, especially the high frequency acoustic performance.
  • the rear shell 3 includes a rear shell plate 31 and a rear shell extension wall 32.
  • the rear shell plate 31 is located on a side of the sound emitting unit 1 away from the diaphragm 121, and the rear shell plate 31 is spaced apart from the sound emitting unit 1.
  • the rear shell plate 31 is located on the side of the basin frame 11 away from the diaphragm 121.
  • the rear shell plate 31 and the basin frame 11 are spaced apart.
  • the rear shell plate 31 is provided with a leakage hole 310 penetrating therethrough.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is bent and extends from the peripheral edge of the rear shell plate 31 along the peripheral side of the sound emitting unit toward the base support wall 22.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is bent and extends from the peripheral edge of the rear shell plate 31 along the circumferential side of the basin frame 11 toward the base support wall 22.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 abuts against the base support wall 22 and is at least partially embedded in the base support wall 22 to form a sealing fixation.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is attached to the basin frame 11, so that the rear acoustic cavity 10 is sealed.
  • At least one side of the rear shell extension wall 32 and the basin frame 11 is provided with an interval 105, and the interval 105 is less than 3 times the thickness of the rear shell 3.
  • the interval 105 can enable the sound emitting unit 1 to be assembled into the rear shell 3 more quickly, improve assembly efficiency, and at the same time, will not occupy more lateral space occupied by the sound emitting device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the base supporting wall 22 includes a supporting wall body 221 and a supporting step 222 extending from an end of the supporting wall body 221 close to the diaphragm 121 toward the sound emitting unit 1.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is rectangular, and it includes a first wall 321, a second wall 322 disposed opposite to the first wall 321, and the first wall 321 and the first wall 321 respectively.
  • a third wall 323 and a fourth wall 324 are connected to the two walls 322 and arranged opposite to each other, and the first wall 321 is provided with a notch 320 penetrating therethrough.
  • the first wall 321 is at least partially embedded in the supporting wall body 221, and the sound guide channel 220 penetrates the supporting wall body 221 and passes through the gap 320.
  • the second wall 322, the third wall 323, and the fourth wall 324 each abut against the supporting wall body 221 and the supporting step 222, respectively, and move from the supporting step 222 to the base body.
  • the direction 21 is embedded in the support wall 22 of the base.
  • This structure enables the rear shell extension wall 32 to be embedded in the base support wall 22, and the sound guide channel 220 is avoided through the notch 320, so that the rear shell extension wall 32 and the base support wall 22 Form a seal.
  • FIG. 8 is a sound generating device 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rear shell extension wall 532 is cylindrical and is provided with a notch 5320 penetrating it.
  • the base support wall 522 includes a support wall body 5221 and an end of the support wall body 5221 that is close to the diaphragm 5121.
  • the gap is 5320.
  • the rear shell 3 and the sound emitting monomer 1 jointly enclose a rear sound cavity 7.
  • the rear housing 3, the basin frame 11, and the magnetic circuit system 13 jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity 7, and the leakage portion 130 communicates with the rear acoustic cavity 10 so as to pass through the leakage portion 130.
  • the sound generating cavity 104 is connected to the rear sound cavity 7 to improve the low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the leakage hole 310 connects the rear acoustic cavity 7 with the outside. So far, the sound emitting device 100 of the present invention forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is simple in structure.
  • the base 2 and the rear shell 3 form a vibration absorbing effect, so that the sound generating device 100 will not cause shell vibrations in the electronic products such as mobile terminals after being used in electronic products such as mobile terminals, which effectively increases the user experience effect of customers.
  • the aforementioned interval 105 can also be used to increase the volume of the rear acoustic cavity 7 and further improve the acoustic performance.
  • the interval 105 is less than or equal to the width of the fixed surface of the diaphragm 121 fixed to the basin frame 11. 1/3.
  • the ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound-emitting unit 1 to the rear shell 31 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121 to the projected plane area of the rear shell 31 is at least 4/5.
  • This structure can make the size of the sound generating device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction as small as possible, satisfying that the acoustic cavity 7 is formed to achieve vibration absorption and improve low-frequency acoustic performance, and it is more convenient to install in products with small lateral dimensions in the assembly space.
  • the leakage hole 310 includes a first leakage hole 3101 arranged at the center of the rear shell plate 31 and a second leakage hole 3102 arranged at an interval from the first leakage hole 310.
  • the aperture of the second leakage hole 3102 is smaller than the aperture of the first leakage hole 310.
  • the sound generating device 100 further includes a gas-permeable spacer 14 located in the rear acoustic cavity 7.
  • a gas-permeable spacer 14 located in the rear acoustic cavity 7.
  • the gas-permeable spacer 14 effectively prevents The sound-absorbing particles enter the space between the magnetic circuit system 13 and the vibration system 12, avoiding the risk of sound failure and improving reliability.
  • the leakage portion 130 penetrates the yoke 131.
  • the air-permeable spacer 14 completely covers the leakage portion 130.
  • the sound-emitting unit 1 further includes a gas-permeable spacer 14, and the gas-permeable spacer 14 is fixed to the magnetic yoke 131.
  • the leakage portion 130 communicates with the rear acoustic cavity 7 through the air-permeable isolator 14.
  • This structure enables the air-permeable spacer 14 to ensure the balance between the leaking portion 130 and the rear acoustic cavity 7 on the one hand, thereby adjusting the low-frequency performance of the sound emitting device 100; on the other hand, it can prevent foreign objects such as external dust and water vapor from passing through The rear acoustic cavity 7 directly enters the inside of the sound emitting unit 1 through the leakage portion 130, thereby improving the reliability of the sound emitting device 100.
  • the yoke 131 includes a yoke body 1311 disposed opposite to the diaphragm 121 and formed by the yoke body 1311 being recessed in the direction of the diaphragm 121 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121
  • the groove 1312, the leaking portion 130 penetrates the groove 1312.
  • the air-permeable spacer 14 is fixed to the groove 1312, and the area of the orthographic projection of the air-permeable spacer 14 to the groove 1312 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 121 is smaller than the area of the groove 1312.
  • the air-permeable spacer 14 is covered and fixed to the groove 1312 and covers the leaking portion 130, and the air-permeable spacer 14 is accommodated in the groove 1312 and does not fill up.
  • This structure facilitates assembly
  • the sound-producing monomer 1 has a simple process, so that the assembly efficiency is high.
  • the rear shell 3 is made of metal material.
  • the material of the rear shell 3 is not limited to this, and can also be other materials, such as plastic, glass, ceramics, etc.
  • the rear shell 3 is made by drawing a 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the base 2 is made of plastic material, and the end of the rear shell extension wall 32 close to the base supporting wall 22 is embedded in the base 2 and is sealed and fixed.
  • the extension wall 32 of the rear shell and the support wall 22 of the base are integrally formed by injection molding.
  • the extension wall 32 of the rear shell is made of steel sheet, which facilitates the realization of integral injection molding.
  • the material of the base 2 is not limited to this, and can also be other materials, such as glass, ceramics, and the like.
  • the rear shell extension wall 32 is spaced apart from the basin frame 11. This structure is used to increase the volume of the rear acoustic cavity 7 and further improve the acoustic performance.
  • the distance between the rear shell extension wall 32 and the basin frame 11 is less than or equal to 0.05 mm. In this embodiment, the distance between the rear shell extension wall 32 and the basin frame 11 is set to 0.05 mm.
  • the rear shell 603 is made of a metal material, such as steel, iron, copper, etc., for example, the rear shell 603 is made of a steel sheet with a thickness of 0.15 mm.
  • the rear shell 603 is made of a metal material and can be made thinner with the same structural strength, thereby further reducing the horizontal size of the sound emitting device 600 perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • This embodiment also includes a conductive member 4.
  • the sound generating device 300 further includes a conductive member 4, one end of the conductive member 4 is connected to the rear shell 603, and the other end of the conductive member 4 is used for grounding, thereby forming a screen function, that is, The rear shell 603 is at least partially grounded, so that the sound-emitting unit 600 avoids external electromagnetic interference and has better working reliability.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG. It is formed by the rear shell 703 extending in a direction away from the basin frame, and is located outside the rear shell 703.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention.
  • This embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 in that the structure and function of the conductive member are different.
  • the sound emitting device 800 further includes a conductive member 804, and the conductive member 804 includes two mutually insulated electrical paths, and one of the electrical paths is used to connect the sound emitting unit 801 with an external electrical signal, It is used to supply power to the sound emitting unit 801, and the other electrical channel is used to connect the rear housing 803 and the ground to form a shield for the sound emitting unit 801.
  • the conductive member 804 is used to form a shielding effect together with the rear shell 803, and is also used to supply power to the sound generating unit 801, which has a simpler structure and can achieve dual functions.
  • the conductive member 804 has an FPC structure. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8-9, the conductive member 804 includes a first arm 8041 penetrating through the side wall 5012, and a second arm extending from opposite ends of the first arm 8041 in the direction of the basin frame 3b. 8042. A third arm 8044 extending from the first wall 8041 in a direction away from the basin frame 3b, and a fourth arm 8044 extending from the first wall 8041 in a direction away from the basin frame 3b.
  • the first arm 8041 is electrically connected to the rear shell 803; the second arm 8042 is fixed to the basin frame 3b and is electrically connected to the sound emitting unit 801 to supply power to the sound emitting unit 801; the third arm 8043 Used to connect external electrical signals; the fourth arm 8044 is used to ground. That is, the first arm 8041 and the fourth arm 8044 jointly connect the rear shell 803 to the ground to form an electrical path for shielding the sound emitting unit 801; the first arm 8041, the second arm 8042, and The third arm 8043 jointly realizes the electrical connection between the sound emitting unit 801 and the external electrical signal, and is realized as another electrical path through which the sound emitting unit 801 communicates with the external electrical signal.
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements to the sound device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 900 further includes a conductive terminal 904, the conductive terminal is fixed to the basin frame 9011 of the sound emitting unit 901, and the rear shell 903 is also provided with a penetrating through it.
  • the conductive terminal 904 is at least partially located in the electrical connection hole 908 and exposed to the rear shell 903 for electrical connection with an external circuit.
  • the sound generating device 900 is formed to realize power connection along the vibration direction, which avoids occupying the lateral space of the sound generating device 900 perpendicular to the vibration direction, and is more conducive to being applied to terminals with a small assembly space.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment in which a gas-permeable spacer is added to the sound emitting device shown in FIG. 3.
  • the sound emitting device 100a further includes a gas-permeable isolator 14a located in the rear acoustic cavity 7a, and the gas-permeable isolator 14a is attached to the sound monomer 1a and removes the sound monomer 1a from the rear
  • the acoustic cavity 7a is divided.
  • the air-permeable spacer prevents the sound-absorbing particles from entering the sound-producing monomer 1a and affecting its acoustic performance, thereby improving the reliability of sound production.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the air-permeable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14.
  • the sound generating device 100b further includes a gas-permeable spacer 14b located in the rear acoustic cavity 7b, and the gas-permeable spacer 14b includes a spacer body 14b1 and a spacer body 14b1 arranged opposite to the rear shell 3b.
  • the spacer extension part 14b2 whose periphery is bent and extended in the direction of the rear shell 3b and the spacer fixing part 14b3 which is bent and extended from the end of the spacer extension part 14b2 away from the spacer body 14b1.
  • the spacer extension 14b2 and the rear shell extension wall 32b are spaced apart, and the spacer fixing part 14b3 is fixed to the rear shell 3b; the air-permeable spacer 14b and the rear shell 3b together form a powder filling Space 7c.
  • the structure in which the spacer extension 14b2 and the rear shell extension wall 32b are spaced apart can effectively increase the smoothness of ventilation of the rear acoustic cavity 7b and improve the stability of low-frequency sound production.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15.
  • the side of the isolator body 14c1 close to the sounding unit 1c is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit 1c to form an avoiding step 1310, and the avoiding step 1310 is in line with the leakage portion 130c. Pair set.
  • This structural arrangement can make the leakage of the sounding cavity 104c of the sounding unit 1c smoother, thereby improving the sounding performance.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the base 1002 is arranged on the rear shell 1003 and forms a housing 8 together with the base 1003.
  • the sound emitting device 1000 further includes at least two positioning pieces 9 which are connected to the housing 8 respectively.
  • One end of the positioning piece 9 away from the housing 8 is provided with a positioning hole 91 penetrating through it, which is used to fix and position the sound emitting device 1000 and the application terminal, such as a threaded hole.
  • the hole 91 is fixed on the whole terminal machine, which is simple and convenient, and the positioning piece 9 is provided with at least two positioning pieces to form a positioning fixation more effectively.
  • the two at least positioning pieces 9 are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the casing 8, and the symmetrical arrangement makes the sound generating device 1000 and the whole terminal have a better positioning and fixing effect.
  • the positioning piece 9 is fixed to the housing 8 by welding, that is, the positioning piece 9 and the housing 8 are a separate structure of two devices.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17.
  • the difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is that in the sound generating device 1100 in this embodiment, the positioning piece 1109 is formed by extending outward from the housing 1108, that is, the positioning piece 1109 and the housing 1108 are integrally formed
  • the structure is simple to form, reduces the number of components, and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the base and the rear shell are designed to be respectively covered on opposite sides of the sound emitting unit, and the base supporting wall is provided on the base to support the sound emitting unit, and at the same time
  • the rear shell is provided with a rear shell extension wall that abuts against the base support wall and is at least partially embedded in the base support wall to form a sealing fixation.
  • This structure makes the rear shell and the sounding monomer jointly enclose a rear acoustic cavity,
  • the rear shell is provided with a leak hole to communicate the rear acoustic cavity with the outside.
  • the above structure forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is not only simple in structure, and the overall horizontal dimension perpendicular to the direction of vibration is small, but also makes the acoustic effect of the sound device better.
  • the sealed rear acoustic cavity structure allows the base and the rear shell to be used for vibration absorption, so that the sound emitting device is used in the mobile terminal to avoid the occurrence of shell vibration, and the user experience effect is better.

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Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有振膜的发声单体、前盖及后壳；底座包括底座本体和呈环状的底座支撑壁，底座本体与振膜间隔设置，发声单体支撑于底座支撑壁，发声单体与底座共同围成前声腔，底座支撑壁设有导声通道，导声通道将前声腔与外界连通；后壳包括后壳板、由后壳板的周缘沿盆架周侧弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，后壳延伸壁抵接于底座支撑壁且至少部分嵌入底座支撑壁内形成密封固定，后壳与发声单体共同围成后声腔，后壳板设有泄露孔，泄露孔将后声腔与外界连通。与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件结构简单、声学性能优、用户体验效果好。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种运用于便携式移动电子产品的发声器件。
 背景技术
发声器件又名扬声器，广泛运用于便携式移动电子产品中，比如手机，实现将音频信号转化为声音播放，发声器件响度大，振幅度。
相关技术的发声器件包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述磁路系统驱动所述振动系统振动发声，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜以及固定于所述振膜并插设于所述磁间隙以驱动所述振膜振动发声的音圈。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的发声器件因不具有后腔结构或后腔为开放式结构，其运用在手机等便携式移动电子产品中时会引起手机壳振的问题，造成用户体验效果不好；而手机空间尺寸有限，发声器件不能设计成现有技术中的带后腔的扬声器箱结构以克服该问题。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单、声学性能好、用户体验效果好的发声器件。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有振膜的发声单体与沿所述振膜的振动方向分别盖设于所述发声单体相对两侧的底座和后壳；所述底座包括盖设固定于所述发声单体靠近所述振膜一侧的底座本体和由所述底座本体向所述后壳的方向延伸的呈环状的底座支撑壁，所述底座本体与所述振膜间隔设置，所述发声单体支撑于所述底座支撑壁，所述发声单体与所述底座共同围成前声腔，所述底座支撑壁设有贯穿其上的导声通道，所述导声通道将所述前声腔与外界连通；所述后壳包括位于所述发声单体远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板和由所述后壳板的周缘沿所述发声单体周侧向所述底座支撑壁的方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，所述后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座支撑壁且至少部分嵌入所述底座支撑壁内形成密封固定，所述后壳与所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳板设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄露孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
优选的，所述后壳延伸壁呈矩形，且其包括第一壁、与所述第一壁相对设置的第二壁以及分别与所述第一壁和所述第二壁连接且相互相对设置的第三壁和第四壁，所述第一壁设有贯穿其上的缺口；所述底座支撑壁包括支撑壁本体和由所述支撑壁本体靠近所述振膜一端向所述发声单体延伸的支撑台阶；所述第一壁至少部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体内，所述导声通道贯穿所述支撑壁本体且穿过所述缺口；所述第二壁、所述第三壁及所述第四壁均各自抵接于所述支撑壁本体和所述支撑台阶并由所述支撑台阶向所述底座本体的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁内。
优选的，所述后壳延伸壁呈圆柱形且设有贯穿其上的缺口，所述底座支撑壁包括支撑壁本体和由所述支撑壁本体靠近所述振膜一端向所述发声单体延伸的支撑台阶；所述后壳延伸壁的其中一部分抵接于所述支撑壁本体和所述支撑台阶并由所述支撑台阶向所述底座本体的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁内，其另一部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体内，并同时所述导声通道贯穿嵌有所述后壳延伸壁的所述支撑壁本体且穿过所述缺口。
优选的，所述后壳为金属材料制成，所述底座为塑料材料制成，所述后壳延伸壁靠近所述底座支撑壁的一端嵌入至所述底座内并形成密封固定。
优选的，所述后壳至少部分接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
优选的，所述导电件由所述后壳延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述后壳与地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电端子，所述后壳还设有贯穿其上的接电孔，所述导电端子至少部分位于所述接电孔并外露于所述后壳，用于与外部电路电连接。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
优选的，所述发声单体还包括设置于所述振膜相对一侧的磁轭和固定于所述磁轭的透气隔离件，所述磁轭设有贯穿其上的通孔，所述透气隔离件完全覆盖所述通孔，所述通孔通过所述透气隔离件与所述后声腔连通。
优选的，所述磁轭包括与所述振膜相对设置的磁轭本体和由所述磁轭本体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述振膜的方向凹陷形成的凹槽，所述通孔贯穿所述凹槽，所述透气隔离件固定于所述凹槽，所述透气隔离件沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述凹槽的正投影的面积小于所述凹槽的面积。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述侧壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
优选的，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
优选的，所述后壳为0.15mm厚的钢片拉伸制成。
优选的，所述后壳延伸壁与所述发声单体间隔设置。
优选的，所述后壳延伸壁与所述发声单体间的间距小于或等于0.05mm。
优选的，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振膜固定于所述盆架，所述后壳延伸壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述后壳延伸壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述后壳的厚度。
优选的，所述后壳的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
优选的，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
优选的，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳板的正投影与所述后壳板的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述底座盖设于所述后壳并与其共同形成壳体，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
优选的，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计底座和后壳分别盖设于发声单体的相对两侧，并在所述底座设置支撑所述发声单体的底座支撑壁，同时所述后壳设置后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座支撑壁且至少部分嵌入所述底座支撑壁内形成密封固定，该结构使得所述后壳与所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，后壳设置泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、整体沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得底座和后壳可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型发声器件的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型发声器件的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图4为本实用新型发声器件的发声单体的立体结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型发声器件的发声单体的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图6为本实用新型发声器件的底座的立体结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型发声器件的后壳的立体结构示意图；
图8为本实用新型发声器件的另一种实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图9为本实用新型发声器件的另一实施方式的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图10为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图11为本实用新型发声器件的再一种实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图12为图11的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图13为本实用新型发声器件增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构分解示意图；
图14为图3所示发声器件增加透气隔离件的另一实施方式的的结构示意图；
图15为图14所示实施方式中透气隔离件的具体结构的示意图；
图16为图15所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图；
图17为图1所示发声器件增加定位片的实施方式结构示意图；
图18为图17所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-7，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件100，其包括具有振膜121的发声单体1、底座2及后壳3。
本实施方式中，所述发声单体1包括盆架11、振动系统12、磁路系统13以及泄露部130。
所述振动系统12和所述磁路系统13分别支撑固定于所述盆架11并共同围成发声内腔104，所述磁路系统13驱动所述振动系统12振动发声。
所述振动系统12包括固定于所述盆架11的所述振膜121。所述振膜121用于振动发声。
所述磁路系统13包括设置于所述振膜121相对一侧的磁轭131。
所述底座2和所述后壳3沿所述振膜121的振动方向分别盖设于所述发声单体1的相对两侧。本实施方式中，所述底座2和所述后壳3沿所述振膜121的振动方向分别盖设于所述盆架11的相对两侧。
本实施方式中，所述后壳3的厚度与所述盆架11的厚度比值小于0.4，从而在满足壳体1的结构强度的同时，尽可能小的增加发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的尺寸；而且也使得盆架11的结构强度得到保障的同时尽可能少的占用空间体积。
所述底座2包括底座本体21和底座支撑壁22。
所述底座本体21盖设固定于所述发声单体1靠近所述振膜121一侧。本实施方式中，所述底座本体21盖设固定于所述盆架11靠近所述振膜121一侧。所述底座本体21与所述振膜121间隔设置。
所述底座支撑壁22由所述底座本体21向所述后壳3的方向延伸。所述底座支撑壁22呈环状。所述发声单体1支撑于所述底座支撑壁22，即所述盆架11支撑于所述底座支撑壁22。具体的，所述底座支撑壁22设有贯穿其上的导声通道220。所述发声单体1与所述底座2共同围成前声腔5。具体的，所述振膜121、所述盆架11及所述底座2共同围成所述前声腔5。所述导声通道220将所述前声腔5与外界连通，形成侧面发声结构。所述导声通道220与所述前声腔5共同构成前腔6。所述前腔6改善了发声器件100的声学性能，特别是高频声学性能。
所述后壳3包括后壳板31和后壳延伸壁32。
所述后壳板31位于所述发声单体1远离所述振膜121一侧，所述后壳板31与所述发声单体1间隔设置。本实施方式中，所述后壳板31位于所述盆架11远离所述振膜121一侧。所述后壳板31与所述盆架11间隔设置。具体的，所述后壳板31设有贯穿其上的泄露孔310。
所述后壳延伸壁32由所述后壳板31的周缘沿所述发声单体1周侧向所述底座支撑壁22的方向弯折延伸。本实施方式中，所述后壳延伸壁32由所述后壳板31的周缘沿所述盆架11周侧向所述底座支撑壁22的方向弯折延伸。所述后壳延伸壁32抵接于所述底座支撑壁22且至少部分嵌入所述底座支撑壁22内形成密封固定。
本实施方式中，所述后壳延伸壁32贴合于所述盆架11，从而使后声腔10形成密封。
或者，所述后壳延伸壁32与所述盆架11的至少一侧设有间隔105，且该间隔105小于3倍所述后壳3的厚度。该间隔105可使得所述发声单体1更快捷装配至所述后壳3中，提高装配效率，同时也不会更多占用发声器件100在垂直于所述振动方向所占用的横向空间。
本实施方式中，所述底座支撑壁22包括支撑壁本体221和由所述支撑壁本体221靠近所述振膜121一端向所述发声单体1延伸的支撑台阶222。
本实施方式中，所述后壳延伸壁32呈矩形，且其包括第一壁321、与所述第一壁321相对设置的第二壁322以及分别与所述第一壁321和所述第二壁322连接且相互相对设置的第三壁323和第四壁324，所述第一壁321设有贯穿其上的缺口320。所述第一壁321至少部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体221内，所述导声通道220贯穿所述支撑壁本体221且穿过所述缺口320。所述第二壁322、所述第三壁323及所述第四壁324均各自分别抵接于所述支撑壁本体221和所述支撑台阶222并由所述支撑台阶222向所述底座本体21的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁22内。该结构使得所述后壳延伸壁32嵌入所述底座支撑壁22，并通过所述缺口320对所述导声通道220进行避让，从而使得所述后壳延伸壁32与所述底座支撑壁22形成密封。
当然，不限于此，所述后壳延伸壁32还可以其他形状，不只是呈矩形。例如，请同时结合图8-9所示，图8为本实用新型另一实施方式的发声器件500。所述后壳延伸壁532呈圆柱形且设有贯穿其上的缺口5320，所述底座支撑壁522包括支撑壁本体5221和由所述支撑壁本体5221靠近所述振膜5121一端向所述发声单体51延伸的支撑台阶5222；所述后壳延伸壁532的其中一部分分别抵接于所述支撑壁本体5221和所述支撑台阶5222并由所述支撑台阶5222向所述底座本体521的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁522内，其另一部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体5221内，并同时所述导声通道5220贯穿嵌有所述后壳延伸壁532的所述支撑壁本体5221且穿过所述缺口5320。
所述后壳3与所述发声单体1共同围成后声腔7。具体的，所述后壳3、所述盆架11及所述磁路系统13共同围成所述后声腔7，所述泄露部130与所述后声腔10连通，从而通过所述泄露部130将所述发声内腔104与所述后声腔7连通，用以改善低频声学性能。所述泄露孔310将所述后声腔7与外界连通。至此，本实用新型的上述发声器件100则形成了封闭的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了所述发声器件100的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔7结构的存在，底座2和后壳3形成吸振作用，使得所述发声器件100运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。
另外，上述间隔105还可用以增加后声腔7的体积，进一步改善声学性能，本实施方式中，所述间隔105小于或等于所述振膜121固定于所述盆架11的固定面的宽度的1/3。
本实施方式中，所述发声单体1沿所述振膜121的振动方向向所述后壳板31的正投影与所述后壳板31的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。该结构可使得发声器件100在其垂直于振动方向的尺寸尽可能小，满足形成后声腔7实现吸振、提高低频声学性能的同时，更便于安装于装配空间横向尺寸小的产品。
本实施方式中，所述泄露孔310包括设置于所述后壳板31的中心位置的第一泄露孔3101和与所述第一泄露孔310间隔设置的第二泄露孔3102。具体的，第二泄露孔3102的孔径小于所述第一泄露孔310的孔径，该结构有利于改善所述后声腔7与外界的平衡，从而改善所述发声器件100的低频声学性能。
更优的，所述发声器件100还包括位于所述后声腔7内的透气隔离件14，当所述后声腔7内填充吸音材料，如吸音颗粒时，所述透气隔离件14有效的防止了吸音颗粒进入磁路系统13和振动系统12之间的空间内，避免了发声失效的风险，提高了可靠性。
本实施方式中，所述泄露部130贯穿所述磁轭131。所述透气隔离件14完全覆盖所述泄露部130。所述发声单体1还包括透气隔离件14，所述透气隔离件14固定于所述磁轭131。所述泄露部130通过所述透气隔离件14与所述后声腔7连通。该结构使得所述透气隔离件14一方面保证所述泄露部130与所述后声腔7之间的平衡，从而调整发声器件100的低频性能；另一方面可以防止异物如外界的灰尘和水汽通过所述后声腔7直接通过所述泄露部130进入到所述发声单体1内部，从而提高所述发声器件100的可靠性。
更优的，所述磁轭131包括与所述振膜121相对设置的磁轭本体1311和由所述磁轭本体1311沿所述振膜121的振动方向向所述振膜121的方向凹陷形成的凹槽1312，所述泄露部130贯穿所述凹槽1312。所述透气隔离件14固定于所述凹槽1312，所述透气隔离件14沿所述振膜121的振动方向向所述凹槽1312的正投影的面积小于所述凹槽1312的面积，也就是说所述透气隔离件14盖设固定于所述凹槽1312并覆盖所述泄露部130，且所述透气隔离件14收容于所述凹槽1312内并不填满，该结构有利于组装所述发声单体1时工艺简单，从而使得组装效率高。本实施方式中，所述后壳3为金属材料制成。当然，所述后壳3的材料不限于此，也可以为其他材料，比如塑料、玻璃、陶瓷等。具体的，所述后壳3为0.15mm厚的钢片拉伸制成。
本实施方式中，所述底座2为塑料材料制成，所述后壳延伸壁32靠近所述底座支撑壁22的一端嵌入至所述底座2内并形成密封固定。所述后壳延伸壁32与底座支撑壁22为一体注塑成型。所述后壳延伸壁32为钢片有利于实现一体注塑成型。当然，所述底座2的材料不限于此，也可以为其他材料，比如玻璃、陶瓷等。
所述后壳延伸壁32与所述盆架11间隔设置。该结构用以增加所述后声腔7的体积，进一步改善声学性能。
所述后壳延伸壁32与所述盆架11之间的间距小于或等于0.05mm。本实施方式中，所述后壳延伸壁32与所述盆架11之间的间距设为0.05mm。该结构设置后，在保证所述后壳3的结构强度稳定性的情况下，所述发声器件100沿垂直于所述振膜121的振动方向的单侧增加尺寸相对最小，单侧仅增加尺寸仅0.2mm，不影响期运用于便携式移动终端电子产品内。
请结合图10所示，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图。所述发声器件600中，所述后壳603为金属材料制成，如钢、铁、铜等，比如，所述后壳603均用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
后壳603通过金属材料制成可在同样结构强度的情况下，做到更薄，从而进一步减小发声器件600的沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸。其与图1所示实施方式的主要区别点在于：该实施方式中还包括设置导电件4。
具体的，所述发声器件300还包括导电件4，所述导电件4的一端连接于所述后壳603，所述导电件4的另一端用于接地，从而形成屏作用，也就是说，所述后壳603至少部分接地，使得发声单体600避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
请结合图11，图11为图10的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图，即所述发声器件700中，所述导电件704与后壳703为一体结构，比如，所述导电件704由所述后壳703向远离所述盆架的方向延伸形成，位于后壳703的外侧。
请结合图12所示，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图。该实施方式与图10所示的实施方式区别在于，导电件的结构和功能不同。
具体的，所述发声器件800还包括导电件804，所述导电件804包括两条相互绝缘的电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体801与外部电信号，用于为发声单体801供电，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述后壳803与地，形成对发声单体801的屏蔽。本实施例中，导电件804则即用于与后壳803共同形成屏蔽作用，而且还用于为发声单体801供电，结构更简单且能实现双重功能。
比如导电件804为一FPC结构。具体如图8-9所示，所述导电件804包括贯穿所述侧壁5012的第一臂8041、由所述第一臂8041的相对两端向所述盆架3b方向延伸的第二臂8042、由所述第一壁8041向远离所述盆架3b方向延伸的第三臂8044以及由所述第一壁8041向远离所述盆架3b方向延伸的第四臂8044。
所述第一臂8041与所述后壳803电连接；所述第二臂8042固定于所述盆架3b并与发声单体801电连接，为发声单体801供电；所述第三臂8043用于连接外部电信号；所述第四臂8044用于接地。即第一臂8041和第四臂8044共同实现将所述后壳803与地连接，形成对发声单体801实现屏蔽的一条电性通路；所述第一臂8041、所述第二臂8042以及所述第三臂8043共同实现将发声单体801与外部电信号电连接，实现为发声单体801与外部电信号连通的另一条电性通路。
请结合图13所示，为本实用新型发声器件增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构分解示意图。其与图1所示实施方式的区别在于：所述发声器件900还包括导电端子904，所述导电端子固定于发声单体901的所述盆架9011，所述后壳903还设有贯穿其上的接电孔908，所述导电端子904至少部分位于所述接电孔908并外露于所述后壳903，用于与外部电路电连接。从而形成发声器件900沿振动方向实现接电，避免了占用发声器件900的垂直于振动方向的横向空间，更利于运用于装配空间小的终端。
请结合图14所示，为图3所示发声器件中增加透气隔离件的另一实施方式的结构示意图。具体的，所述发声器件100a还包括位于所述后声腔7a内的透气隔离件14a，所述透气隔离件14a贴设于所述发声单体1a并将所述发声单体1a从所述后声腔7a内分隔，当后声腔7a中填充吸音颗粒时，透气隔离件则防止了吸音颗粒进入发声单体1a内部而影响其声学性能，提高发声了可靠性。
请结合图15所示，图14所示实施方式中透气隔离件的具体结构的示意图。所述发声器件100b还包括位于所述后声腔7b内的透气隔离件14b，所述透气隔离件14b包括与所述后壳3b间隔相对设置的隔离件本体14b1、由所述隔离件本体14b1的周缘向所述后壳3b方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部14b2以及由所述隔离件延伸部14b2远离所述隔离件本体14b1的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部14b3。
所述隔离件延伸部14b2与所述后壳延伸壁32b间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部14b3固定于所述后壳3b；所述透气隔离件14b与所述后壳3b共同围成灌粉空间7c。其中，所述隔离件延伸部14b2与所述后壳延伸壁32b间隔设置的结构可有效增加后声腔7b的通气顺畅性，提高低频发声性能的稳定性。
请结合图16所示，为图15所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件100c中，所述隔离件本体14c1靠近所述发声单体1c的一侧向远离所述发声单体1c方向凹陷形成避让台阶1310，所述避让台阶1310与所述泄露部130c正对设置。该结构设置可使发声单体1c的发声内腔104c的泄露更顺畅，从而改善发声性能。
请结合图17所示，为图1所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述底座1002盖设于所述后壳1003并与其共同形成壳体8，所述发声器件1000还包括至少两个定位片9并分别与壳体8连接。所述定位片9远离所述壳体8的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔91，用于将发声器件1000与运用终端整机固定定位，比如为螺纹孔，使用螺钉则可通过所述定位孔91固定在终端整机，简单方便，而定位片9设置至少两个可更有效的形成定位固定。为了进一步提高固定稳定性，两个至少定位片9连接于所述壳体8的相对两侧或两对角处，对称设置使发声器件1000与终端整机定位固定效果更优。本实施方式中，定位片9通过焊接固定于壳体8，即定位片9与壳体8为两个器件的分体结构。
请结合图18所示，为图17所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。其与图18所示实施方式的区别在于，本实施方式中的发声器件1100中，所述定位片1109中由所述壳体1108向外延伸形成，即定位片1109与壳体1108为一体成型结构，成型简单，减少器件数量，提高装配效率。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，通过设计底座和后壳分别盖设于发声单体的相对两侧，并在所述底座设置支撑所述发声单体的底座支撑壁，同时所述后壳设置后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座支撑壁且至少部分嵌入所述底座支撑壁内形成密封固定，该结构使得所述后壳与所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，后壳设置泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、整体沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得底座和后壳可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括具有振膜的发声单体，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括沿所述振膜的振动方向分别盖设于所述发声单体相对两侧的底座和后壳；所述底座包括盖设固定于所述发声单体靠近所述振膜一侧的底座本体和由所述底座本体向所述后壳的方向延伸的呈环状的底座支撑壁，所述底座本体与所述振膜间隔设置，所述发声单体支撑于所述底座支撑壁，所述发声单体与所述底座共同围成前声腔，所述底座支撑壁设有贯穿其上的导声通道，所述导声通道将所述前声腔与外界连通；所述后壳包括位于所述发声单体远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板和由所述后壳板的周缘沿所述发声单体周侧向所述底座支撑壁的方向弯折延伸的后壳延伸壁，所述后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座支撑壁且至少部分嵌入所述底座支撑壁内形成密封固定，所述后壳与所述发声单体共同围成后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述后壳板设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄露孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳延伸壁呈矩形，且其包括第一壁、与所述第一壁相对设置的第二壁以及分别与所述第一壁和所述第二壁连接且相互相对设置的第三壁和第四壁，所述第一壁设有贯穿其上的缺口；所述底座支撑壁包括支撑壁本体和由所述支撑壁本体靠近所述振膜一端向所述发声单体延伸的支撑台阶；所述第一壁至少部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体内，所述导声通道贯穿所述支撑壁本体且穿过所述缺口；所述第二壁、所述第三壁及所述第四壁均各自分别抵接于所述支撑壁本体和所述支撑台阶并由所述支撑台阶向所述底座本体的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳延伸壁呈圆柱形且设有贯穿其上的缺口，所述底座支撑壁包括支撑壁本体和由所述支撑壁本体靠近所述振膜一端向所述发声单体延伸的支撑台阶；所述后壳延伸壁的其中一部分分别抵接于所述支撑壁本体和所述支撑台阶并由所述支撑台阶向所述底座本体的方向嵌入所述底座支撑壁内，其另一部分嵌入所述支撑壁本体内，并同时所述导声通道贯穿嵌有所述后壳延伸壁的所述支撑壁本体且穿过所述缺口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳为金属材料制成，所述底座为塑料材料制成，所述后壳延伸壁靠近所述底座支撑壁的一端嵌入至所述底座内并形成密封固定。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳至少部分接地。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述后壳，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导电件由所述后壳延伸形成。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述后壳与地。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电端子，所述后壳还设有贯穿其上的接电孔，所述导电端子至少部分位于所述接电孔并外露于所述后壳，用于与外部电路电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体还包括设置于所述振膜相对一侧的磁轭和固定于所述磁轭的透气隔离件，所述磁轭设有贯穿其上的通孔，所述透气隔离件完全覆盖所述通孔，所述通孔通过所述透气隔离件与所述后声腔连通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述磁轭包括与所述振膜相对设置的磁轭本体和由所述磁轭本体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述振膜的方向凹陷形成的凹槽，所述通孔贯穿所述凹槽，所述透气隔离件固定于所述凹槽，所述透气隔离件沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述凹槽的正投影的面积小于所述凹槽的面积。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳为0.15mm厚的钢片拉伸制成。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振膜固定于所述盆架，所述后壳延伸壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述后壳延伸壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述后壳的厚度。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳板的正投影与所述后壳板的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述底座盖设于所述后壳并与其共同形成壳体，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
PCT/CN2020/094704 2020-05-29 2020-06-05 发声器件 WO2021237791A1 (zh)

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