WO2021233185A1 - 四通换向阀 - Google Patents

四通换向阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233185A1
WO2021233185A1 PCT/CN2021/093457 CN2021093457W WO2021233185A1 WO 2021233185 A1 WO2021233185 A1 WO 2021233185A1 CN 2021093457 W CN2021093457 W CN 2021093457W WO 2021233185 A1 WO2021233185 A1 WO 2021233185A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
way
cavity
pilot
reversing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/093457
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩润虎
金华海
Original Assignee
浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202020854077.6U external-priority patent/CN212389796U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010432763.9A external-priority patent/CN113700895A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010431977.4A external-priority patent/CN113700894A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020852791.1U external-priority patent/CN212389804U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020852777.1U external-priority patent/CN212389795U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010432752.0A external-priority patent/CN113700900A/zh
Application filed by 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020227041130A priority Critical patent/KR20230003024A/ko
Priority to JP2022565557A priority patent/JP2023525670A/ja
Publication of WO2021233185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233185A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/027—Check valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/18—Check valves with actuating mechanism; Combined check valves and actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/1225—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston with a plurality of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/124—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston servo actuated

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of reversing valves, and specifically to a four-way reversing valve.
  • the existing four-way reversing valve includes a main valve and a pilot valve.
  • the main valve and the pilot valve are connected through a capillary tube.
  • the pilot valve is used to control the movement of the spool of the main valve to switch the flow port on the main valve.
  • the existing four-way reversing valve is illustrated by taking the right direction as an example.
  • the pilot valve 2 ⁇ introduces high-pressure gas into the left cylinder 11 ⁇ of the main valve 1 ⁇ , and the high-pressure gas pushes the piston 12 ⁇ Move, the piston 12' drives the slider 13' to move to the right.
  • the slider 13 ⁇ moves to the right, it will move to the middle position of the slider seat.
  • the four connecting pipes of the main valve 1 ⁇ are connected and cause air leakage.
  • the pressure of the inlet pipe of the main valve 1 ⁇ drops, and the main valve 1 ⁇
  • the pressure of the outlet pipe of the main valve rises, and the air pressure of the outlet pipe of the pilot valve connected with it rises, and causes the air pressure of the pipeline connected with the outlet pipe of the pilot valve 2 ⁇ to rise, and finally causes the main valve 1 ⁇
  • the pressure in the right cylinder rises. Since the left cylinder 11 ⁇ is pushing the piston 12 ⁇ to move to the right, and the pressure of the right cylinder rises so that the pressure difference between the two sides of the piston 12 ⁇ decreases and tends to balance, the piston 12 ⁇ cannot push the slider 13 ⁇ to continue to move. 13 ⁇ can not reach the end position on the right side, it will cause the commutation failure. When the four-way reversing valve fails, it cannot be repaired and can only be replaced with a new four-way reversing valve.
  • the present application provides a four-way reversing valve to solve the problem of reversing failure in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a four-way reversing valve.
  • the four-way reversing valve includes: a main valve having a first valve cavity and a first valve core, the first valve core is arranged in the first valve cavity, and the main valve is provided with The air inlet pipe port, the air outlet pipe port, the first pipe port and the second pipe port.
  • the air outlet pipe port communicates with the second pipe port;
  • the pilot valve has a second valve cavity and a second valve core, the second valve core is arranged in the second valve chamber, and the pilot valve It has a pilot valve inlet, a pilot valve outlet, a third orifice and a fourth orifice.
  • the pilot valve outlet and the air outlet are connected through a first capillary tube, the pilot valve inlet and the air inlet tube are connected through a second capillary tube, and the third orifice is connected with
  • the fourth pipe ports are respectively connected with the main valve; the one-way valve structure is arranged between the pilot valve outlet and the air outlet pipe port, and/or between the pilot valve inlet and the air inlet pipe port.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a first one-way valve, the first one-way valve is arranged between the pilot valve outlet and the outlet pipe port, and the first one-way valve is used to control fluid between the pilot valve outlet and the outlet pipe port.
  • the first one-way valve is arranged in the middle of the second capillary; or, the first one-way valve is arranged at the junction of the second capillary and the inlet of the pilot valve.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a second one-way valve, the second one-way valve is arranged between the pilot valve inlet and the intake pipe port, and the second one-way valve is used to control fluid between the pilot valve inlet and the intake pipe port
  • the second one-way valve is arranged in the middle of the first capillary; or, the second one-way valve is arranged at the connection between the first capillary and the outlet of the pilot valve.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes: a first pressure accumulating part, which is arranged on the second capillary tube and located downstream of the second one-way valve.
  • the second one-way valve includes: a valve body with a pressure storage chamber, the pressure storage chamber forms a first pressure storage part; and a third valve core, which is arranged in the pressure storage chamber.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes: a pressure accumulating cylinder arranged on the second capillary tube and located downstream of the second one-way valve.
  • the pressure accumulating cylinder has a pressure accumulating cavity, and the accumulating cylinder forms a first pressure accumulating portion.
  • the first valve core includes two pistons, a connecting rod and a sliding block.
  • the two pistons are arranged at intervals, and the two pistons separate the main valve into a first compartment, a first valve cavity, and a second compartment, which are independent of each other.
  • the connecting rod is respectively connected with the two pistons
  • the sliding block is connected with the connecting rod
  • the sliding block is located between the two pistons, and the sliding block is used for adjusting the connection and disconnection between the air outlet pipe port and the first pipe port or the second pipe port.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes: a third capillary tube, the third capillary tube is respectively connected with the first compartment and the third nozzle; a fourth capillary tube, the fourth capillary tube is respectively connected with the second compartment and the fourth nozzle .
  • first one-way valve and the air outlet pipe port or the pilot valve outlet are integrally formed.
  • the second one-way valve and the intake pipe port or the pilot valve inlet are integrally formed.
  • first pressure storage part and the inlet of the pilot valve are integrally formed.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a third one-way valve, and the third one-way valve is arranged at the inlet of the pilot valve.
  • the second valve cavity includes a one-way valve cavity and a reversing cavity communicating with each other, the pilot valve inlet is in communication with the one-way valve cavity, the third one-way valve is arranged in the one-way valve cavity, and the second valve core is arranged in the reversing cavity. To the cavity.
  • the one-way valve cavity is located above the reversing cavity.
  • one-way valve cavity and the reversing cavity are integrally formed.
  • the one-way valve cavity and the reversing cavity are separately formed and fixedly connected.
  • pilot valve further includes a second pressure accumulating portion, which is arranged between the one-way valve cavity and the reversing cavity, and is located downstream of the third one-way valve.
  • the pilot valve further includes a second pressure accumulating portion
  • the third one-way valve has a one-way valve cavity
  • the one-way valve cavity forms a second pressure accumulating portion
  • the third one-way valve includes: a circulation plate, which is arranged in the one-way valve cavity, the circulation plate has a circulation hole;
  • the blocking plate has a blocking position for blocking the circulation hole and an open position for opening the circulation hole.
  • the third one-way valve further includes: a resetting member, the resetting member is used to drive the blocking plate in the blocking position.
  • the axis of the inlet of the pilot valve, the axis of the outlet of the pilot valve, the axis of the third nozzle, and the axis of the fourth nozzle are all on the same plane.
  • the pilot valve further includes: a driving assembly, which is arranged on the pilot valve, and the driving assembly is used to drive the second spool to move.
  • the four-way reversing valve includes a main valve, a pilot valve and a one-way valve structure, wherein the pilot valve outlet and the air outlet pipe port are connected through a first capillary tube, and the pilot valve inlet and the air inlet pipe port are connected through a second capillary tube Connected, the one-way valve structure is arranged between the pilot valve outlet and the air outlet pipe port and/or between the pilot valve inlet and the air inlet pipe port.
  • the one-way valve structure can control the flow direction of the fluid between the pilot valve outlet and the outlet pipe port or the flow direction between the pilot valve inlet and the inlet pipe port.
  • the high-pressure gas in the outlet pipe port will not flow into the pilot valve outlet in the reverse direction when the gas is blown inside the main valve, so that the pilot valve outlet is still at low pressure In this way, it can be ensured that the orifice communicating with the outlet of the pilot valve is in a low-pressure state.
  • the one-way valve structure is set between the inlet of the pilot valve and the inlet pipe port, so that when the air is blown inside the main valve, the high-pressure gas in the pilot valve will not flow back into the inlet pipe port, so that the pilot valve still has high pressure.
  • the gas in turn, can ensure that there is high-pressure gas inside the main valve that communicates with the pilot valve.
  • the device can ensure the normal reversal of the device, and avoid the failure of reversing due to air leakage in the main valve.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a four-way reversing valve provided in the prior art
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a four-way reversing valve according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a four-way reversing valve in a first state according to another embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the four-way reversing valve in Fig. 3 in a second state
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the pilot valve in FIG. 4.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a four-way reversing valve.
  • the four-way reversing valve includes a main valve 10, a pilot valve 20, and a one-way valve structure.
  • the main valve 10 has a first valve cavity 11 and a first valve core 12, the first valve core 12 is arranged in the first valve cavity 11, and the main valve 10 is provided with an air inlet port 13, an air outlet port 14, and a first valve core 12.
  • the nozzle 15 and the second nozzle 16 when the inlet nozzle 13 and the first nozzle 15 communicate through the first valve cavity 11, the outlet nozzle 14 communicates with the second nozzle 16; when the inlet nozzle 13 and the second nozzle When the nozzle 16 communicates through the first valve cavity 11, the outlet nozzle 14 communicates with the first nozzle 15.
  • the air inlet pipe port 13 is used to connect with a high-pressure pipeline
  • the air outlet pipe port 14 is used to connect with a low-pressure pipeline.
  • the pilot valve 20 has a second valve cavity 21 and a second valve core 22.
  • the second valve core 22 is arranged in the second valve chamber 21.
  • the pilot valve 20 has a pilot valve inlet 23, a pilot valve outlet 24, a third nozzle 25 and The fourth orifice 26, the pilot valve outlet 24 and the gas outlet port 14 are communicated through the first capillary 31, the pilot valve inlet 23 and the gas inlet port 13 are communicated through the second capillary 32, the third orifice 25 and the fourth orifice 26 are respectively Connect with the main valve 10.
  • the one-way valve structure is arranged between the pilot valve outlet 24 and the air outlet port 14 and/or between the pilot valve inlet 23 and the air inlet pipe port 13.
  • the one-way valve structure By arranging the one-way valve structure between the pilot valve outlet 24 and the gas outlet port 14, it is possible to prevent the high-pressure gas in the gas outlet port 14 from flowing into the pilot valve outlet 24 in the reverse direction when gas is blown inside the main valve 10
  • the pilot valve outlet 24 is still in a low pressure state, thereby ensuring that the pipe port communicating with the pilot valve outlet 24 is in a low pressure state.
  • the one-way valve structure is arranged between the pilot valve inlet 23 and the intake pipe port 13, so that when the main valve 10 blows air, the high-pressure gas in the pilot valve 20 will not flow into the intake pipe port 13 in the reverse direction.
  • the pilot valve 20 still has high-pressure gas, so that it can be ensured that the main valve 10 communicating with the pilot valve 20 has high-pressure gas inside.
  • the device can ensure the normal reversal of the device, avoid the failure of reversing due to air leakage in the main valve, and the device has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient processing and manufacturing.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a first one-way valve 41, the first one-way valve 41 is arranged between the pilot valve outlet 24 and the air outlet port 14, and the first one-way valve 41 is used to control the flow of fluid at the pilot valve outlet 24. And the flow direction between the outlet port 14.
  • the first one-way valve 41 is used to prevent fluid from flowing from the air outlet port 14 to the pilot valve outlet 24, and the first one-way valve 41 allows fluid to flow from the pilot valve outlet 24 to the air outlet 14.
  • the first check valve 41 may be arranged at the junction of the first capillary 31 and the outlet port 14, or may be arranged in the middle of the first capillary 31, or the first check valve 41 may be arranged at the first capillary 31.
  • the connection with the pilot valve outlet 24 As long as it can prevent the high-pressure gas in the air outlet 14 from returning to the pilot valve outlet 24 from the air outlet 14.
  • the first one-way valve 41 may be an integral structure with the air outlet port 14 or an integral structure with the pilot valve outlet 24, so that the parts are integrated and easy to install.
  • the first one-way valve 41 is arranged in the middle of the first capillary 31, which facilitates the installation of the first one-way valve 41.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a second one-way valve 42, which is arranged between the pilot valve inlet 23 and the intake pipe port 13, and the second one-way valve 42 is used to control fluid flow at the pilot valve inlet 23. And the flow direction between the inlet port 13.
  • the second one-way valve 42 is used to prevent fluid from flowing from the pilot valve inlet 23 to the inlet port 13, and the second one-way valve 42 allows fluid to flow from the inlet pipe port 13 to the pilot valve inlet 23.
  • the first check valve 41 can ensure that the low-pressure side of the first spool 12 is in a low-pressure state
  • the second one-way valve 42 can ensure that the high-pressure side of the first spool 12 is in a high-pressure state, which can further ensure that the device is replaced.
  • the normal operation of the direction avoids the failure of the direction change due to air leakage in the main valve 10.
  • the second check valve 42 can be arranged at the connection between the second capillary tube 32 and the inlet port 13, or in the middle of the second capillary 32, or the second one-way valve 42 can be arranged at the second capillary 32.
  • the second one-way valve 42 may be an integral structure with the intake pipe port 13 or an integral structure with the pilot valve inlet 23 to integrate the components and facilitate installation.
  • the second one-way valve 42 is arranged in the middle of the second capillary 32, which facilitates the installation of the second one-way valve 42.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes a first pressure accumulating part 50, the first pressure accumulating part 50 is arranged on the second capillary tube 32, and the first pressure accumulating part 50 is arranged downstream of the second one-way valve 42.
  • first pressure accumulating part 50 high-pressure gas can be stored in the first pressure accumulating part 50.
  • the pilot valve 20 Enter into the main valve 10 to further ensure the normal movement of the first spool 12.
  • the first pressure accumulating portion 50 and the second one-way valve 42 may be an integral structure, or may be two independent structures.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes a pressure accumulating cylinder, which is arranged on the second capillary tube 32 and located downstream of the second one-way valve 42.
  • the pressure accumulating cylinder has a pressure accumulating cavity, and the pressure accumulating cylinder The cylinder forms the first pressure accumulating portion 50.
  • the first pressure storage portion 50 and the second one-way valve 42 can also be provided as an integral structure.
  • the second one-way valve 42 includes a valve body and a third valve core.
  • the valve body has a pressure storage chamber, and the pressure storage chamber forms a first pressure storage portion 50.
  • the third valve core is arranged in the pressure storage chamber. Through this device, it has the ability to store gas while realizing the one-way function.
  • the four-way reversing valve of the present application may be a slider type reversing valve or a piston type large-capacity reversing valve.
  • the four-way reversing valve is a slider type reversing valve.
  • the first valve core 12 includes two pistons, a connecting rod, and a slider.
  • the two pistons are arranged at intervals, and the two pistons
  • the main valve 10 is divided into a first compartment, a first valve cavity 11 and a second compartment which are independent of each other.
  • the connecting rod is connected to the two pistons respectively, the sliding block is connected to the connecting rod, and the sliding block is located between the two pistons.
  • the third nozzle is in communication with the first compartment
  • the fourth nozzle is in communication with the second compartment.
  • the four-way reversing valve further includes: a third capillary tube 33 and a fourth capillary tube 34.
  • the third capillary 33 communicates with the first compartment and the third orifice 25 respectively
  • the fourth capillary 34 communicates with the second compartment and the fourth orifice 26 respectively.
  • the pilot valve 20 is communicated with the main valve 10 through a capillary tube, which has a simple structure and is convenient for connection.
  • the one-way valve structure includes a third one-way valve 43, and the third one-way valve 43 is disposed at the inlet 23 of the pilot valve. Specifically, it can be arranged outside the pilot valve inlet 23 or inside the pilot valve inlet 23.
  • the third one-way valve 43 is used to control the flow of fluid at the pilot valve inlet 23. Specifically, the third one-way valve 43 is used to prevent fluid from flowing out of the pilot valve inlet 23, and only allows fluid to flow from the pilot valve inlet 23 into the second Two valve chamber 21.
  • the third check valve 43 can prevent the high-pressure gas in the pilot valve 20 from flowing out of the pilot valve inlet 23.
  • the pilot valve inlet 23 is in communication with the inlet pipe port 13 of the main valve 10.
  • the third check valve 43 can prevent the high-pressure gas in the pilot valve 20 from flowing from the pilot valve inlet 23 to the main valve.
  • the pilot valve 20 still has high-pressure gas, which can ensure that the main valve 10 communicating with the pilot valve 20 has high-pressure gas inside, so that the high-pressure gas continues to drive the second gas in the main valve 10 A spool 12 moves to complete the reversing operation.
  • the third one-way valve 43 is located in the pilot valve 20.
  • the second valve cavity 21 includes a one-way valve cavity 27 and a reversing cavity 28 that communicate with each other.
  • the pilot valve inlet 23 is in communication with the one-way valve cavity 27, and the third one-way valve 43 is disposed in the one-way valve cavity 27.
  • the second valve core 22 is arranged in the reversing cavity 28.
  • the third check valve 43 can be integrated with the pilot valve 20, which simplifies the device structure and facilitates the installation of the pilot valve 20.
  • the one-way valve cavity 27 and the reversing cavity 28 can be arranged as an integral structure, or the one-way valve cavity 27 and the reversing cavity 28 can be formed separately and fixedly connected together.
  • the pilot valve inlet 23 and the other three circulation ports can be arranged on both sides of the pilot valve 20, or the pilot valve inlet 23 can be arranged at one end of the pilot valve 20, and the other three circulation ports can be arranged on the pilot valve 20.
  • the one-way valve cavity 27 and the reversing cavity 28 can be arranged up and down in the pilot valve 20, or the one-way valve cavity 27 and the reversing cavity 28 can be coaxially arranged.
  • the pilot valve inlet 23 and the other three flow ports are arranged on both sides of the pilot valve 20 opposite to each other, and the one-way valve cavity 27 is located above the reversing cavity 28.
  • the pilot valve 20 further includes a second pressure accumulating part, the second pressure accumulating part is arranged between the one-way valve cavity 27 and the reversing cavity 28, and the second pressure accumulating part is arranged on the third one-way valve 43 Downstream.
  • a certain amount of high-pressure gas entering through the pilot valve inlet 23 can be stored by setting the second pressure storage part.
  • the high-pressure gas of the second pressure storage part can be used to supplement, further ensuring the normal operation of the device. run.
  • the second pressure storage part can also be arranged in the third one-way valve, and the one-way valve cavity is used for gas storage, so that the third one-way valve has two functions of one-way and gas storage.
  • the above design can simplify the device structure and enable the third check valve to have multiple functions.
  • the third one-way valve 43 includes: a circulation plate 431 and a blocking plate 432.
  • the circulation plate 431 is arranged in the one-way valve cavity 27, the circulation plate 431 is provided with a circulation hole, and the blocking plate 432 is movably arranged in the one-way valve cavity 27 and is located below the circulation plate 431.
  • the blocking plate 432 has a blocking position for blocking the circulation hole and an open position for opening the circulation hole.
  • the fluid When the fluid enters the one-way valve cavity 27 from the upper pilot valve inlet 23, the fluid impacts the blocking plate 432 to keep the blocking plate 432 away from the circulation plate 431, and then the circulation hole is in circulation, and the fluid can enter the reversing cavity 28 Inside; if the fluid moves in the reverse direction, the blocking plate 432 will be driven to move upwards, so that the blocking plate 432 and the circulation plate 431 are attached, and then the circulation hole is blocked.
  • the above-mentioned device has a simple structure, is easy to process, and has low production cost.
  • the third one-way valve 43 also includes a resetting member, which is used to drive the blocking plate 432 in the blocking position, so that the pilot valve 20 can block the circulation hole in time when the pilot valve 20 is not working, so as to ensure that the fluid is removed by the pilot In other situations where the valve inlet 23 flows into the pilot valve 20, the blocking plate 432 is always in the blocking position.
  • the axis of the pilot valve inlet 23, the axis of the pilot valve outlet 24, the axis of the third nozzle 25, and the axis of the fourth nozzle 26 are all on the same plane.
  • the pilot valve 20 further includes a driving assembly, which is arranged on the pilot valve 20, and the second spool 22 is driven to move by the driving assembly.
  • a driving assembly which is arranged on the pilot valve 20, and the second spool 22 is driven to move by the driving assembly.
  • the four-way reversing valve provided by the present application has a simple structure and low cost. By installing a one-way valve, the problem that the existing four-way valve fails due to air leakage during reversing can be solved, and the four-way reversal is guaranteed The normal operation of the valve prolongs the service life of the device.
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” and other directions indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is usually based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only used to facilitate the description of the application and simplify the description. Unless otherwise stated, these positional words do not indicate or imply the pointed device or element It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word “inside, outside” refers to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.
  • spatial relative terms can be used here, such as “above”, “above”, “above the surface”, “above”, etc., to describe as shown in the figure Shows the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the figure. For example, if the device in the drawing is turned upside down, then a device described as “above other devices or structures” or “above other devices or structures” will then be positioned as “below the other devices or structures” or “on Under other devices or structures”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” may include both orientations “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated by 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the relative description of the space used here will be explained accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种四通换向阀，该四通换向阀包括：主阀（10），具有第一阀腔（11）和第一阀芯（12），第一阀芯（12）设置在第一阀腔（11）内，主阀（10）上设置有进气管口（13）、出气管口（14）、第一管口（15）和第二管口（16）；导阀（20），具有第二阀腔（21）和第二阀芯（22），第二阀芯（22）设置在第二阀腔（21）内，导阀（20）具有导阀进口（23）、导阀出口（24）、第三管口（25）和第四管口（26），导阀出口（24）与出气管口（14）通过第一毛细管（31）连通，导阀进口（23）与进气管口（13）连通，第三管口（25）与第四管口（26）分别与主阀（10）连通；单向阀结构，设置在导阀出口（24）与出气管口（14）之间，和/或设置在导阀进口（23）与进气管口（13）之间，能够解决现有技术中易出现换向失败的问题。

Description

四通换向阀
本申请要求于2020年5月20日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202010432763.9，发明名称为“四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权；以及同日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202020854077.6，发明名称为“四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权；以及同日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202010432752.0，发明名称为“导阀及具有其的四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权；以及同日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202020852791.1，发明名称为“导阀及具有其的四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权；以及同日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202010431977.4，发明名称为“四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权；以及同日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202020852777.1，发明名称为“四通换向阀”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及换向阀技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种四通换向阀。
背景技术
目前，现有的四通换向阀包括主阀和导阀，主阀和导阀之间通过毛细管连通，导阀用于控制主阀的阀芯移动，以切换主阀上的流通口。
如图1所示，现有的四通换向阀以向右换向为例进行说明，导阀2`将高压气体引入主阀1`的左侧气缸11`中，高压气体推动活塞12`移动，活塞12`带动滑块13`向右移动。滑块13`在向右移动的过程中会移动至滑块座的中间位置，此时主阀1`的四根连接管相通并引起串气，主阀1`的进口管的压力下降，主阀出口管的压力上升。主阀出口管的压力上升，与之相通的导阀的出气管的气压上升，并引起与导阀2`出气管连通的管路气压上升，最终引起与该管路相通的主阀1`的右侧气缸压力上升。由于左侧气缸11`正在推动活塞12`向右移动，右侧气缸压力上升使得活塞12`两侧压力差减小并趋于平衡，则活塞12`无法推动滑块13`继续移动，滑块13`不能到达右侧的终点位置，就会导致换向失败。当四通换向阀换向失败时，其无法进行修复，只能更换新的四通换向阀。
发明内容
本申请提供一种四通换向阀，以解决现有技术中易出现换向失败的问题。
本申请提供了一种四通换向阀，四通换向阀包括：主阀，具有第一阀腔和第一阀芯，第一阀芯设置在第一阀腔内，主阀上设置有进气管口、出气管口、第一管口和第二管口，当进气管口与第一管口通过第一阀腔连通时，出气管口与第二管口连通；当进气管口与第二管口通过第一阀腔连通时，出气管口与第一管口连通；导阀，具有第二阀腔和第二阀芯，第二阀芯设置在第二阀腔内，导阀具有导阀进口、导阀出口、第三管口和第四管口，导阀出口与出气管口通过第一毛细管连通，导阀进口与进气管口通过第二毛细管连通，第三管口与第四管 口分别与主阀连通；单向阀结构，设置在导阀出口与出气管口之间，和/或设置在导阀进口与进气管口之间。
进一步地，单向阀结构包括第一单向阀，第一单向阀设置在导阀出口与出气管口之间，第一单向阀用于控制流体在导阀出口与出气管口之间的流向，其中，第一单向阀设置在第二毛细管的中部；或，第一单向阀设置在第二毛细管与导阀进口的连接处。
进一步地，单向阀结构包括第二单向阀，第二单向阀设置在导阀进口与进气管口之间，第二单向阀用于控制流体在导阀进口与进气管口之间的流向，其中，第二单向阀设置在第一毛细管的中部；或，第二单向阀设置在第一毛细管与导阀出口的连接处。
进一步地，四通换向阀还包括：第一储压部，设置在第二毛细管上且位于第二单向阀的下游。
进一步地，第二单向阀包括：阀体，具有储压腔，储压腔形成第一储压部；第三阀芯，设置在储压腔内。
进一步地，四通换向阀还包括：储压筒，设置在第二毛细管上，且位于第二单向阀的下游，储压筒具有储压腔，储压筒形成第一储压部。
进一步地，第一阀芯包括两个活塞、连接杆以及滑块，两个活塞间隔设置，两个活塞将主阀分隔为相互独立的第一隔腔、第一阀腔和第二隔腔，连接杆分别与两个活塞连接，滑块与连接杆连接，且滑块位于两个活塞之间，滑块用于调整出气管口与第一管口或与第二管口的通断。
进一步地，四通换向阀还包括：第三毛细管，第三毛细管分别与第一隔腔和第三管口连通；第四毛细管，第四毛细管分别与第二隔腔和第四管口连通。
进一步地，第一单向阀与出气管口或与导阀出口为一体成型结构。
进一步地，第二单向阀与进气管口或与导阀进口为一体成型结构。
进一步地，第一储压部与导阀进口为一体成型结构。
进一步地，单向阀结构包括第三单向阀，第三单向阀设置在导阀进口处。
进一步地，第二阀腔包括相互连通的单向阀腔和换向腔，导阀进口与单向阀腔连通，第三单向阀设置在单向阀腔内，第二阀芯设置在换向腔内。
进一步地，单向阀腔位于换向腔的上方。
进一步地，单向阀腔和换向腔一体成型。
进一步地，单向阀腔和换向腔分体成型并固定连接。
进一步地，导阀还包括第二储压部，第二储压部设置在单向阀腔和换向腔之间，且位于第三单向阀的下游。
进一步地，导阀还包括第二储压部，第三单向阀具有单向阀腔，单向阀腔形成第二储压部。
进一步地，第三单向阀包括：流通板，设置在单向阀腔内，流通板具有流通孔；封堵板，可移动地设置在单向阀腔内，且位于流通板的下方，封堵板具有封堵流通孔的封堵位置以及打开流通孔的打开位置。
进一步地，第三单向阀还包括：复位件，复位件用于驱动封堵板处于封堵位置。
进一步地，导阀进口的轴线、导阀出口的轴线、第三管口的轴线以及第四管口的轴线均位于同一平面。
进一步地，导阀还包括：驱动组件，设置在导阀上，驱动组件用于驱动第二阀芯移动。
应用本申请的技术方案，该四通换向阀包括主阀、导阀和单向阀结构，其中导阀出口与出气管口通过第一毛细管连通，导阀进口与进气管口通过第二毛细管连通，单向阀结构设置在导阀出口与出气管口之间和/或导阀进口与进气管口之间。通过单向阀结构能够控制流体在导阀出口与出气管口之间的流向或者导阀进口与进气管口之间的流向。通过将该单向阀结构设置在导阀出口与出气管口之间，可以在主阀内部串气时，出气管口内的高压气体不会反向流入导阀出口，使导阀出口仍处于低压状态，进而可以保证与导阀出口连通的管口处于低压状态。而将该单向阀结构设置在导阀进口与进气管口之间，可以在主阀内部串气时，导阀内的高压气体不会反向流入进气管口内，这样导阀内仍然具有高压气体，进而可以保证与导阀连通的主阀的内部具有高压气体。这样即可保证第一阀芯两侧具有压力差，使第一阀芯继续移动，以完成换向操作。通过该装置能够保证装置换向的正常进行，避免由于主阀内串气而导致换向失败的情况出现。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了现有技术提供的四通换向阀的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请实施例提供的四通换向阀的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请又一实施例提供的四通换向阀的第一状态的结构示意图；
图4示出了图3中四通换向阀的第二状态的结构示意图；
图5示出了图4中导阀的结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
1`、主阀；11`、左侧气缸；12`、活塞；13`、滑块；14`、进气管；2`、导阀；
10、主阀；11、第一阀腔；12、第一阀芯；13、进气管口；14、出气管口；15、第一管口；16、第二管口；
20、导阀；21、第二阀腔；22、第二阀芯；23、导阀进口；24、导阀出口；25、第三管口；26、第四管口；27、单向阀腔；28、换向腔；
31、第一毛细管；32、第二毛细管；33、第三毛细管；34、第四毛细管；
41、第一单向阀；42、第二单向阀；43、第三单向阀；431、流通板；432、封堵板；50、第一储压部。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种四通换向阀，该四通换向阀包括：主阀10、导阀20以及单向阀结构。其中，主阀10具有第一阀腔11和第一阀芯12，第一阀芯12设置在第一阀腔11内，主阀10上设置有进气管口13、出气管口14、第一管口15和第二管口16，当进气管口13与第一管口15通过第一阀腔11连通时，出气管口14与第二管口16连通；当进气管口13与第二管口16通过第一阀腔11连通时，出气管口14与第一管口15连通。具体的，进气管口13用于与高压管路连接，出气管口14用于与低压管路连接。导阀20具有第二阀腔21和第二阀芯22，第二阀芯22设置在第二阀腔21内，导阀20具有导阀进口23、导阀出口24、第三管口25和第四管口26，导阀出口24与出气管口14通过第一毛细管31连通，导阀进口23与进气管口13通过第二毛细管32连通，第三管口25和第四管口26分别与主阀10连通。单向阀结构设置在导阀出口24与出气管口14之间，和/或设置在导阀进口23与进气管口13之间。
通过将该单向阀结构设置在导阀出口24与出气管口14之间，可以在主阀10内部串气时，出气管口14内的高压气体不会反向流入导阀出口24，使导阀出口24仍处于低压状态，进而可以保证与导阀出口24连通的管口处于低压状态。而将该单向阀结构设置在导阀进口23与进气管口13之间，可以在主阀10内部串气时，导阀20内的高压气体不会反向流入进气管口13内，这样导阀20内仍然具有高压气体，进而可以保证与导阀20连通的主阀10的内部具有高压气体。这样即可保证第一阀芯12两侧具有压力差，使第一阀芯12继续移动，以完成换向操作。通过该装置能够保证装置换向的正常进行，避免由于主阀内串气而导致换向失败的情况出现且该装置结构简单、成本低，方便加工和制造。
具体的，单向阀结构包括第一单向阀41，第一单向阀41设置在导阀出口24与出气管口14之间，第一单向阀41用于控制流体在导阀出口24与出气管口14之间的流向。第一单向阀 41用于阻止流体由出气管口14流至导阀出口24，第一单向阀41允许流体由导阀出口24流至出气管口14。
其中，第一单向阀41可以设置在第一毛细管31与出气管口14的连接处，也可设置在第一毛细管31的中部，也可将第一单向阀41设置在第一毛细管31与导阀出口24的连接处。只要能够满足阻止出气管口14内的高压气体由出气管口14返回至导阀出口24内即可。其中，第一单向阀41可以与出气管口14为一体成型结构，也可与导阀出口24为一体成型结构，以使零部件集成在一起，便于进行安装。在本实施例中，第一单向阀41设置在第一毛细管31的中部，这样便于安装第一单向阀41。
具体的，单向阀结构包括第二单向阀42，第二单向阀42设置在导阀进口23与进气管口13之间，第二单向阀42用于控制流体在导阀进口23与进气管口13之间的流向。具体的，第二单向阀42用于阻止流体由导阀进口23流至进气管口13，第二单向阀42允许流体由进气管口13流至导阀进口23。通过设置该第二单向阀42，可以在主阀10内部串气时，导阀20内的高压气体不会反向流入进气管口13内，这样导阀20内仍然具有高压气体，进而可以保证与导阀20连通的主阀10的内部具有高压气体，以通过该高压气体继续驱动第一阀芯12移动，以完成换向操作。通过设置第一单向阀41可以保证第一阀芯12的低压侧处于低压状态，通过设置第二单向阀42可以保证第一阀芯12的高压侧处于高压状态，这样能够进一步保证装置换向的正常进行，避免由于主阀10内串气而导致换向失败的情况出现。
其中，第二单向阀42可以设置在第二毛细管32与进气管口13的连接处，也可设置在第二毛细管32的中部，也可将第二单向阀42设置在第二毛细管32与导阀进口23的连接处。只要能够满足阻止导阀20内的高压气体由导阀进口23返回至进气管口13内即可。其中，第二单向阀42可以与进气管口13为一体成型结构，也可与导阀进口23为一体成型结构，以使零部件集成在一起，便于进行安装。在本实施例中，第二单向阀42设置在第二毛细管32的中部，这样便于安装第二单向阀42。
其中，该四通换向阀还包括第一储压部50，第一储压部50设置在第二毛细管32上，且将第一储压部50设置在第二单向阀42的下游。通过设置第一储压部50，这样可以将高压气体存储在该第一储压部50内，当进气管口13处压力降低时，第一储压部50预存的高压气体可以通过导阀20进入主阀10内，以进一步保证第一阀芯12的正常移动。
其中，第一储压部50与第二单向阀42可以为一体结构，也可为相互独立的两个结构。在本实施例中，该四通换向阀还包括储压筒，储压筒设置在第二毛细管32上，且位于第二单向阀42的下游，储压筒具有储压腔，储压筒形成第一储压部50。通过设置相互独立的第二单向阀42和储压筒，可以便于安装、维修，其结构简单，成本低。
当然，也可将第一储压部50与第二单向阀42设置为一体结构，具体的，该第二单向阀42包括：阀体和第三阀芯。阀体具有储压腔，储压腔形成第一储压部50。第三阀芯设置在储压腔内。通过该装置即可在实现单向功能的同时具有存储气体的能力。
其中，本申请的四通换向阀可以为滑块式换向阀，也可为活塞式大容量换向阀。在本实施例中，该四通换向阀为滑块式换向阀，具体的，该第一阀芯12包括两个活塞、连接杆以及滑块，两个活塞间隔设置，两个活塞将主阀10分隔为相互独立的第一隔腔、第一阀腔11和第二隔腔，连接杆分别与两个活塞连接，滑块与连接杆连接，且滑块位于两个活塞之间。第三管口与第一隔腔连通，第四管口与第二隔腔连通。通过控制导阀20内的第二阀芯22移动，可以控制导阀20内的高压气体流入第一隔腔或第二隔腔内，当高压气体流入第一隔腔，则可推动图中左侧活塞向右移动，进而可以使滑块向右移动，滑块移动到位后，进气管口13流入的高压气体即可经第一阀腔11后由第一管口15流出；当高压气体流入第二隔腔，则可推动图中右侧活塞向左移动，进而可以使滑块向左移动，滑块移动到位后，进气管口13流入的高压气体即可经第一阀腔11后由第二管口16流出。
其中，该四通换向阀还包括：第三毛细管33和第四毛细管34。具体的，第三毛细管33分别与第一隔腔和第三管口25连通，第四毛细管34分别与第二隔腔和第四管口26连通。通过毛细管将导阀20与主阀10连通，其结构简单、便于连接。
如图3至图5所示，在本申请又一实施例中，单向阀结构包括第三单向阀43，第三单向阀43设置在导阀进口23处。具体的，可以设置在导阀进口23的外侧，也可设置在导阀进口23的内部。第三单向阀43用于控制流体在导阀进口23处的流向，具体地，第三单向阀43用于阻止流体从导阀进口23处流出，只允许流体从导阀进口23流入第二阀腔21内。
通过上述结构，第三单向阀43能够阻止导阀20内的高压气体从导阀进口23处流出。使用时，导阀进口23与主阀10的进气管口13连通，在进气管口13压力降低时，第三单向阀43可阻止导阀20内的高压气体从导阀进口23流至主阀10的进气管口13内，这样导阀20内仍然具有高压气体，进而可以保证与导阀20连通的主阀10的内部具有高压气体，以通过该高压气体继续驱动主阀10内的第一阀芯12移动，以完成换向操作。通过设置该导阀20能够保证四通换向阀换向的正常进行，避免由于主阀10内串气而导致换向失败的情况出现。
在本实施例中，第三单向阀43位于导阀20内。具体的，该第二阀腔21包括相互连通的单向阀腔27和换向腔28，导阀进口23与单向阀腔27连通，第三单向阀43设置在单向阀腔27内，第二阀芯22设置在换向腔28内。通过上述设计，可将第三单向阀43与导阀20集成在一起，简化了装置结构，便于对导阀20进行安装。其中，单向阀腔27和换向腔28可以设置为一体成型结构，也可将单向阀腔27和换向腔28分体成型设置并固定连接在一起。
其中，导阀进口23与其它三个流通口可相对设置在导阀20的两侧，也可将导阀进口23设置在导阀20的一端，将其它三个流通口设置在导阀20的一侧。相对的，单向阀腔27与换向腔28可上下布置在导阀20内，也可将单向阀腔27与换向腔28同轴布置。在本实施例中，导阀进口23与其它三个流通口相对设置在导阀20的两侧，单向阀腔27位于换向腔28的上方。
具体的，该导阀20还包括第二储压部，第二储压部设置在单向阀腔27和换向腔28之间，且将第二储压部设置在第三单向阀43的下游。通过设置第二储压部可以对由导阀进口23进 入的高压气体进行一定量的存储，当出现高压气体供给不足时，可以利用第二储压部的高压气体进行补充，进一步保证装置的正常运行。
当然在其它实施例中，也可将第二储压部设置在第三单向阀内，利用单向阀腔进行储气，这样使得第三单向阀具有单向和储气两个功能。上述设计可以简化装置结构，使第三单向阀具备多个功能。
具体的，该第三单向阀43包括：流通板431和封堵板432。其中，流通板431设置在单向阀腔27内，流通板431上设置有流通孔，封堵板432可移动地设置在单向阀腔27内，且位于流通板431的下方，封堵板432具有封堵流通孔的封堵位置以及打开流通孔的打开位置。当流体由上方的导阀进口23进入单向阀腔27内时，流体冲击封堵板432以使封堵板432远离流通板431，进而使流通孔处于流通状态，流体可进入换向腔28内；若流体反向移动时，则会驱动封堵板432向上移动，使封堵板432与流通板431贴合，进而封堵流通孔。上述装置结构简单，便于加工，生产成本低。
其中，该第三单向阀43还包括复位件，复位件用于驱动封堵板432处于封堵位置，以使导阀20在不工作时能够及时封堵流通孔，保证在除流体由导阀进口23流入导阀20内的其它情况下，封堵板432一直处于封堵位置。
在本实施例中，导阀进口23的轴线、导阀出口24的轴线、第三管口25的轴线以及第四管口26的轴线均位于同一平面。通过上述设计，可以使装置结构紧凑，尽可能减小装置整体的占用空间。
具体的，该导阀20还包括驱动组件，驱动组件设置在导阀20上，通过驱动组件驱动第二阀芯22移动。通过设置驱动组件，以便于实时操控第二阀芯22移动。
本申请提供的四通换向阀，其结构简单、成本低，通过安装单向阀即可解决现有四通阀在换向时由于串气而导致换向失败的问题，保证了四通换向阀的正常工作，延长了装置的使用寿命。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在 下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述四通换向阀包括：
    主阀(10)，具有第一阀腔(11)和第一阀芯(12)，所述第一阀芯(12)设置在所述第一阀腔(11)内，所述主阀(10)上设置有进气管口(13)、出气管口(14)、第一管口(15)和第二管口(16)，当所述进气管口(13)与所述第一管口(15)通过所述第一阀腔(11)连通时，所述出气管口(14)与所述第二管口(16)连通；当所述进气管口(13)与所述第二管口(16)通过所述第一阀腔(11)连通时，所述出气管口(14)与所述第一管口(15)连通；
    导阀(20)，具有第二阀腔(21)和第二阀芯(22)，所述第二阀芯(22)设置在所述第二阀腔(21)内，所述导阀(20)具有导阀进口(23)、导阀出口(24)、第三管口(25)和第四管口(26)，所述导阀出口(24)与所述出气管口(14)通过第一毛细管(31)连通，所述导阀进口(23)与所述进气管口(13)通过第二毛细管(32)连通，所述第三管口(25)与所述第四管口(26)分别与所述主阀(10)连通；
    单向阀结构，设置在所述导阀出口(24)与所述出气管口(14)之间，和/或设置在所述导阀进口(23)与所述进气管口(13)之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀结构包括第一单向阀(41)，所述第一单向阀(41)设置在所述导阀出口(24)与所述出气管口(14)之间，所述第一单向阀(41)用于控制流体在所述导阀出口(24)与所述出气管口(14)之间的流向，其中，
    所述第一单向阀(41)设置在所述第二毛细管(32)的中部；或，
    所述第一单向阀(41)设置在所述第二毛细管(32)与所述导阀进口(23)的连接处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀结构包括第二单向阀(42)，所述第二单向阀(42)设置在所述导阀进口(23)与所述进气管口(13)之间，所述第二单向阀(42)用于控制流体在所述导阀进口(23)与所述进气管口(13)之间的流向，其中，
    所述第二单向阀(42)设置在所述第一毛细管(31)的中部；或，
    所述第二单向阀(42)设置在所述第一毛细管(31)与所述导阀出口(24)的连接处。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述四通换向阀还包括：
    第一储压部(50)，设置在所述第二毛细管(32)上且位于所述第二单向阀(42)的下游。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第二单向阀(42)包括：
    阀体，具有储压腔，所述储压腔形成所述第一储压部(50)；
    第三阀芯，设置在所述储压腔内。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述四通换向阀还包括：
    储压筒，设置在所述第二毛细管(32)上，且位于所述第二单向阀(42)的下游，所述储压筒具有储压腔，所述储压筒形成所述第一储压部(50)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯(12)包括两个活塞、连接杆以及滑块，两个所述活塞间隔设置，两个所述活塞将所述主阀(10)分隔为相互独立的第一隔腔、所述第一阀腔(11)和第二隔腔，所述连接杆分别与两个所述活塞连接，所述滑块与所述连接杆连接，且所述滑块位于两个所述活塞之间，所述滑块用于调整所述出气管口(14)与所述第一管口(15)或与所述第二管口(16)的通断。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述四通换向阀还包括：
    第三毛细管(33)，所述第三毛细管(33)分别与所述第一隔腔和所述第三管口(25)连通；
    第四毛细管(34)，所述第四毛细管(34)分别与所述第二隔腔和所述第四管口(26)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第一单向阀(41)与所述出气管口(14)或与所述导阀出口(24)为一体成型结构。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第二单向阀(42)与所述进气管口(13)或与所述导阀进口(23)为一体成型结构。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第一储压部(50)与所述导阀进口(23)为一体成型结构。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀结构包括第三单向阀(43)，所述第三单向阀(43)设置在所述导阀进口(23)处。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第二阀腔(21)包括相互连通的单向阀腔(27)和换向腔(28)，所述导阀进口(23)与所述单向阀腔(27)连通，所述第三单向阀(43)设置在所述单向阀腔(27)内，所述第二阀芯(22)设置在所述换向腔(28)内。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀腔(27)位于所述换向腔(28)的上方。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀腔(27)和所述换向腔(28)一体成型。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述单向阀腔(27)和所述换向腔(28)分体成型并固定连接。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述导阀(20)还包括第二储压部，所述第二储压部设置在所述单向阀腔(27)和所述换向腔(28)之间，且位于所述第三单向阀(43)的下游。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述导阀(20)还包括第二储压部，所述第三单向阀(43)具有单向阀腔，所述单向阀腔形成所述第二储压部。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第三单向阀(43)包括：
    流通板(431)，设置在所述单向阀腔(27)内，所述流通板(431)具有流通孔；
    封堵板(432)，可移动地设置在所述单向阀腔(27)内，且位于所述流通板(431)的下方，所述封堵板(432)具有封堵所述流通孔的封堵位置以及打开所述流通孔的打开位置。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述第三单向阀(43)还包括：
    复位件，所述复位件用于驱动所述封堵板(432)处于所述封堵位置。
  21. 根据权利要求12所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述导阀进口(23)的轴线、所述导阀出口(24)的轴线、所述第三管口(25)的轴线以及所述第四管口(26)的轴线均位于同一平面。
  22. 根据权利要求12所述的四通换向阀，其特征在于，所述导阀(20)还包括：
    驱动组件，设置在所述导阀(20)上，所述驱动组件用于驱动所述第二阀芯(22)移动。
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